298 lines
31 KiB
XML
298 lines
31 KiB
XML
<document id="620B14934C15F81097697833C782E9D6" ID-CLB-Dataset="33677" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.398.5176" ID-GBIF-Dataset="bd059d05-b38a-49fe-b540-5ba73503340d" ID-PMC="PMC3978224" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-398-1" ID-PubMed="24715799" ID-ZooBank="CD2EA20A65FB4A75A4014569A4EAB630" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2014" ModsDocID="1313-2970-398-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 398" ModsDocTitle="Description and molecular phylogeny of a new species of Phoronis (Phoronida) from Japan, with a redescription of topotypes of P. ijimai Oka, 1897" checkinTime="1451246021831" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Hirose, Masato, Fukiage, Ryuma, Katoh, Toru & Kajihara, Hiroshi" docDate="2014" docId="FE727AEA51CE8EE02BFC301DAD6557D1" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 398: 1-31" docOrigin="ZooKeys 398" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.398.5176" docTitle="Phoronis ijimai Oka 1897" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="11" masterDocId="4D43780FFFA4B367FF8AFF8BFFE4FE60" masterDocTitle="Description and molecular phylogeny of a new species of Phoronis (Phoronida) from Japan, with a redescription of topotypes of P. ijimai Oka, 1897" masterLastPageNumber="31" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="6" updateTime="1701382289753" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="17D990FA67BD1EF2885617C86EBEEA7C">Description and molecular phylogeny of a new species of Phoronis (Phoronida) from Japan, with a redescription of topotypes of P. ijimai Oka, 1897</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="8D8815157E807E25CE2272312685310B">Hirose, Masato</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="9272588AE0D1DE6E9F7C0B47489A5293">Fukiage, Ryuma</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="B3DAB460AC050373EC4B3EB675AFA294">Katoh, Toru</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="883D455FA1D304874EAFF289FE704E67">Kajihara, Hiroshi</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="B882C1AF051F11D6F1FD1C10F2EE2E2F">2014</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="1FC9E6F2DD7835220C59A94B95D8D88A">398</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="D435B0929D62E77F9D5D83C43A3236CB">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="9A465B43EBA269F689F377891E1BC75E" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.398.5176</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="FE727AEA51CE8EE02BFC301DAD6557D1" ID-GBIF-Taxon="152052401" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FE727AEA51CE8EE02BFC301DAD6557D1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/FE727AEA51CE8EE02BFC301DAD6557D1" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="11" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<subSubSection id="D119473AB7A6890D5999125D6E6CE3BA" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="D1D9AFC15DCC60D2C112851E3E2BABE4" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<taxonomicName id="FF656FF0EACE227DC404362A52BBC996" ID-CoL="4GRZP" LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Phoronis_ijimai" authority="Oka, 1897" authorityName="Oka" authorityYear="1897" genus="Phoronis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phoronis ijimai" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Phoronida" rank="species" species="ijimai">Phoronis ijimai Oka, 1897</taxonomicName>
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[Japanese name: Hime-houkimushi]Figures 2-7
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="EC8FEEB2B78FA491D59A04C71F16E306" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="71485AC0657D44EA25093E4ED61B791D" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<taxonomicName id="7ACE8C907B2A289F5B0C5AEC69459A7B" genus="Phoronis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phoronis ijimai" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Phoronida" rank="species" species="ijimai">Phoronis ijimai</taxonomicName>
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Oka, 1897, 147-148.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="15355AE64E9C8AB31807443BB1D79B20" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<taxonomicName id="5A2AE1EF1FC3EA7A3AE998168241EB13" genus="Phoronis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phoronis vancouverensis" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Phoronida" rank="species" species="vancouverensis">Phoronis vancouverensis</taxonomicName>
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Pixell, 1912, 257-271, figs 1-5.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="121F5987FE1787E8BD8D0DB200970417" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<taxonomicName id="392E58609934C5E9B7588E06D6866BEC" genus="Phoronis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phoronis svetlanae" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Phoronida" rank="species" species="svetlanae">Phoronis svetlanae</taxonomicName>
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Temereva & Malakov, 1999, 627-630, figs 1, 3, 4.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="BCA760F4A15A1FD67B077C8D7BB31831" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<taxonomicName id="0660D54D9CF49EFD04B1ED551F93C0D3" genus="Phoronis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phoronis hippocrepia" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Phoronida" rank="species" species="hippocrepia">Phoronis hippocrepia</taxonomicName>
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?:
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<bibRefCitation id="2AAAAEA55802FD362CFDC569F7B7EE0F" author="Uchida, T" journalOrPublisher="Publications from the Akkeshi Marine Biological Station" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" pagination="1 - 3" title="The fauna of Akkeshi Bay. XXII. Phoronidea." volume="5" year="1955">Uchida and Iwata 1955</bibRefCitation>
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, 1-3, text-figs 1, 2, pl. 1, figs
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<normalizedToken id="9CB135BB1D10F3DD2654B531D371F693" originalValue="A–D">A-D</normalizedToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="CE0895D45282E193568C028BF78DCF08" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="material examined">
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<paragraph id="178D3994D2C7E4238A98A742368E25FA" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="44FBFF9D80CB45C739C6083D89EDD6F1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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Five series of transverse sections and 34 whole specimens. NSMT-Te 878, several specimens, fixed and preserved in 10% formalin, collected at Etajima Island; NSMT-Te 879, several individuals, fixed and preserved in 10% formalin, collected in Moroiso Bay, attached to the pier in front of MMBS; NSMT-Te 880, several individuals on a living shell of
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<taxonomicName id="B58A6D91AF69891A162E780C16AAE624" class="Bivalvia" family="Arcidae" genus="Barbatia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Barbatia" order="Arcida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Barbatia</taxonomicName>
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sp. (
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<taxonomicName id="8068E6B9B8995972BB928E25E129F2D7" genus="Mollusca" lsidName="Mollusca" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rank="genus">Mollusca</taxonomicName>
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:
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<taxonomicName id="EBF49BA111966CEF1ACD864C9F307BDD" genus="Bivalvia" lsidName="Bivalvia" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rank="genus">Bivalvia</taxonomicName>
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), collected in Sagami Bay; NSMT-Te 881, same data as NSMT-Te 879; NSMT-Te 882, same data as NSMT-Te 880; NSMT-Te 883, 6-μm transverse section stained with HE, collected at Etajima Island; NSMT-Te 884, same data as NSMT-Te 883; NSMT-Te 885, 6-μm transverse sections stained with HE, collected in Moroiso Bay; NSMT-Te 886, same data as NSMT-Te 885; NSMT-Te 887, 6-μm transverse sections stained with HE, collected in Sagami Bay.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="5A9DC879FBFA4EA3DD7A753D51617AA0" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="description">
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<paragraph id="82879F56F8D53DCA36C44FB6692221CC" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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<pageBreakToken id="04D47B4662AB8F19D67300D48001CC85" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" start="start">Description</pageBreakToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B9AF392CD3733D1EF32C0CC0E5856B30" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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Body except lophophore 2.40-16.83 mm in length (avg. 5.87
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<normalizedToken id="1A442514709DDD02C74E45384A858FB1" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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4.04 mm, n = 34; average of topotypes 9.55
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<normalizedToken id="37F875FA663F2B141FFE69FB82129C0D" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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4.78 mm, n = 12); 0.49-0.90 mm in diameter at ampula (avg. 0.64
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<normalizedToken id="3641281C44A07E09F94994EFBC9A8C24" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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0.11 mm, n = 34; average of topotypes 0.59
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<normalizedToken id="A10FBF99D1DAB8258C7571A2B8068448" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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0.12 mm, n = 12); white and translucent in living state (Figs 2A, 2B, 3), yellowish white after fixation (Fig. 2C). Lophophore horseshoe-shaped, without significant coiling (Fig. 4);
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<pageBreakToken id="45FDD3813B8094BBA0DF7CB18875FAD4" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" start="start">0.87</pageBreakToken>
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-3.11 mm in length (avg. 2.17
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<normalizedToken id="304DDEBDA78ADC44DD2B9A91FD71116A" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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0.55 mm, n = 34; average of topotypes 1.66
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<normalizedToken id="41926FF001BFD4CC9AA1F8B65DF72E5E" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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0.49 mm, n = 12), 0.27-0.99 mm in diameter at its base (avg. 0.61
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<normalizedToken id="F0CB33C83EFA21F09B61E30D6ABFC561" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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0.17 mm, n = 34; avg. of topotypes 0.43
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<normalizedToken id="94813AFE86CF93211EDAB4FB833B47AC" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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0.09 mm, n = 12); tentacles 106-151 in number (avg. 129
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<normalizedToken id="365FDA42CFBDA88DC7DC7C65197EEAA9" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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18, n = 7; avg. of topotypes 110
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<normalizedToken id="5E80935A1AF9196CBCB4EC97544A7CCE" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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5, n = 3). Inhabits a transparent cylindrical tube either encrusting or burrowing in hard substrates (Fig. 2C).
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="CFD29DDDCE682AA7E87211440092D411" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<paragraph id="E688BD582AD38715559AF825BDCBDEA3" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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Figure 2.
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<taxonomicName id="F39ABAC062473460EFE68212A1DBF681" genus="Phoronis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phoronis ijimai" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Phoronida" rank="species" species="ijimai">Phoronis ijimai</taxonomicName>
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Oka, 1897, NSMT-Te 879. A Living individuals collected from the pier of Misaki Marine Biological Station B enlargement of living individuals C preserved individual (10% formalin seawater) with a transparent cylindrical tube.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption id="C92B4BA2C5E71DD3D405962A89630F8B" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<paragraph id="2341AF239D216B81E23CDF938974E4D1" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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Figure 3.
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<taxonomicName id="30B53BB82B584835370EF278E6934067" genus="Phoronis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phoronis ijimai" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Phoronida" rank="species" species="ijimai">Phoronis ijimai</taxonomicName>
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Oka, 1897, NSMT-Te 880. A Living bivalve (
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<taxonomicName id="78D9FAA2A9763E73631EE5590A2328D1" class="Bivalvia" family="Arcidae" genus="Barbatia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Barbatia" order="Arcida" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Barbatia</taxonomicName>
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sp.) with various sessile organisms B Living
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<taxonomicName id="B2CE6E501882198F973C1BA7FB578106" genus="Phoronis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phoronis ijimai" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Phoronida" rank="species" species="ijimai">Phoronis ijimai</taxonomicName>
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on the shell (arrowheads).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption id="6395E083121A77D339B23EC22084E802" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<paragraph id="57C8D557FBED7AC099B8A23F4DF7E4ED" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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Figure 4.
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<taxonomicName id="4E15801043214262B625908B6734ACD8" genus="Phoronis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phoronis ijimai" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Phoronida" rank="species" species="ijimai">Phoronis ijimai</taxonomicName>
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Oka, 1897, NSMT-Te 885, transverse section through basal part of lophophore.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="676456CA84B320AF4C553CDB17B20F0B" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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Nephridium 162.00-204.00
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<normalizedToken id="CAEA8CD2880B0BB167934B5CAB9EEF96" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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in height (avg. 183.00
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<normalizedToken id="C7A35FDFC216D2FE10DD4D7D7E886A0B" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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29.70
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<normalizedToken id="155E2906CBA0BB20702FEA3E0C3969CE" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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, n = 2), with straight nephridial papilla and curved ascending branch (Fig. 5A, 5B). Descending branch absent. Ascending branch with single chamber. Nephridial papilla situated beside anus, 294.24-324.91
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<normalizedToken id="BDD63E0AA8A0C4EE2211B407B86BBA37" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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in length (avg. 309.57
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<normalizedToken id="4B00BA16100A12AF5BDC7F801D9DA6F0" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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21.69
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<normalizedToken id="0638E87271B5B8FE684DC7638F097701" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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, n = 2); nephridiopore situated on nephridial papilla opening above (in living orientation) anus level (Fig. 5A, 5C). Ascending branch offset along body axis near intestine, with its lower end extending toward esophagus (Fig. 5B, 5D); 277.55-323.49
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<normalizedToken id="C59E18B58732E2D1000495789C922C03" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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in length (avg. 300.52
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<normalizedToken id="417F2DA9409D799191091B9718D81582" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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32.49
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<normalizedToken id="A8A6D57D11FD1787B7F65585895C2DFA" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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, n = 2). Two nephridial funnels present; anal funnel larger than oral funnel. Anal funnel large (avg. 69.00
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<normalizedToken id="5B925D35B192ED93A1121A257CF7513E" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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4.24
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<normalizedToken id="5EB7B3087B7908D73D054D7764BC92BF" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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in height, 45.77
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<normalizedToken id="8FE10E047AC1E18F83F16D7F8C647C50" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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3.15
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<normalizedToken id="344AFF7F22739D08F3C36F874D34CE83" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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in width at base, 111.94
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<normalizedToken id="745E0B659B91EFA27EB2AAAD00534F9A" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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16.48
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<normalizedToken id="9A3B2450CD08CBEC5EFACCCF75977608" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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in maximum width at tip; n = 2), its aperture located at lower end of ascending branch. Oral funnel small (avg. 20.01
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<normalizedToken id="27DEA87C82924BD284C216C5F3C2FB8C" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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1.40
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<normalizedToken id="1A0BBC8A579280DC933A5CEB0738A5DC" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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in diameter, n = 2), its aperture opening on lateral surface of ascending branch, situated slightly lower than anal funnel.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="31B121F0C7C7B207A436577167FF54ED" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<paragraph id="62A024902EEF47BFCE9D813C34682277" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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Figure 5. Reconstructed three-dimensional images and transverse sections of the nephridium of
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<taxonomicName id="96C03A81C56051C54ABE1BC3CA05A442" genus="Phoronis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phoronis ijimai" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Phoronida" rank="species" species="ijimai">Phoronis ijimai</taxonomicName>
|
||
Oka, 1897, from NSMT-Te 886 (A, B, D) and NSMT-Te 884 (C). A Lateral view, showing the long nephridial papillae above the anus B dorsolateral view, showing the offset arrangement of the nephridia, with the curved ascending branch and large anal funnel extending toward the esophagus C transverse section through the nephridial papilla, showing the nephridiopore D transverse section through the ascending branch, showing the large anal funnel opening toward the esophagus, Abbreviations: ab ascending branch; af anal funnel; an anus; es esophagus; in intestine; lne left nephridium; np nephridial papilla; p nephridiopore; rne right nephridium. Planes C and D in panel A indicate the positions of the transverse sections in C and D.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="AA8109574D24B45147DC32682F469826" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<pageBreakToken id="81E4A134333936B4F8397A01DCE8FD71" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" start="start">Body-wall</pageBreakToken>
|
||
longitudinal muscles of generally bushy type (Fig. 6A, 6B) but sometimes feathery in lower part of body; 45-50 in number, arranged in following formula (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="53D82A680EA87836AA26A3C2EC6C79AA" author="Selys-Longchamps, M de" journalOrPublisher="R. Friedlaender & Sohn, Berlin" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" title="Fauna und Flora des Golfes von Neapel und der angrenzenden Meeres-Abschnitte" year="1907">Selys-Longchamps 1907</bibRefCitation>
|
||
):
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CE527CE54F8A18019C56807800F3BEF0" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<pageBreakToken id="A812BE87030CFD2FC262B1236F9A80E8" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" start="start">Composite</pageBreakToken>
|
||
formula
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="75216535D15BEBDFEE7AE1D66C44C543" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Mean formula</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D2FF39CB9A8BD4651556CBF63FDA9CD3" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">(n = 7 sections from 3 individuals)</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="418C38E557708989A14F7CC8CCFB923A" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
Left and right lateral mesenteries present (Fig. 6A). Two giant nerve fibers present; left giant nerve fiber 3.16-10.61
|
||
<normalizedToken id="F1666F91F697800131886206CF065451" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
in diameter (avg. 6.72
|
||
<normalizedToken id="BD5924A8B18C5AAB9212751733F3A5F7" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
3.27
|
||
<normalizedToken id="C3A2179B263312DD6245179E2CBE2855" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
, based on eight sections from different parts of the body, from two individuals), situated at base of left lateral mesentery (Fig. 6C); right giant nerve fiber 2.47-7.81
|
||
<normalizedToken id="F3DE6629CD03EB818770D63288156FDB" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
in diameter (avg. 4.55
|
||
<normalizedToken id="6D69CD1EC99351AA5172029055123CC0" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
2.15
|
||
<normalizedToken id="6337A640628B16A0B6E0B6B6F2EB0701" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
, based on nine sections of different parts of the body from two individuals), situated at base of right lateral mesentery. Esophageal valve absent.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="3D9C6E75236DCAE209B29D51E8285B27" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<paragraph id="724429309433D0382349B892485C992B" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
Figure 6.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="15DD22CFC478C30CDF14BD0F151EB722" genus="Phoronis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phoronis ijimai" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Phoronida" rank="species" species="ijimai">Phoronis ijimai</taxonomicName>
|
||
. A NSMT-Te 886, transverse section through the posterior part of the body, showing four mesenteries and the position of the giant nerve fibers B NSMT-Te 885, enlargement showing longitudinal muscles of the bushy type C NSMT-Te 885, enlargement of the left giant nerve fiber situated at the base of the left lateral mesentery. Abbreviations: am anal mesentery; i intestine; llm left lateral mesentery; lnf left giant nerve fiber; m longitudinal muscle; om oral mesentery; rlm right lateral mesentery; rnf right giant nerve fiber; s stomach.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="C7B57A24B69ED31E6C3636AD5700302B" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Hermaphroditic; early-stage ova and spermatocytes found beside lateral blood vessel. Brooded eggs observed in specimens from Hiroshima (Fig. 7A, 7B, 7C); embryos of various developmental stages brooded on basal nidamental glands on lophophore (Fig. 7C).</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="83789C03F454D31EF218FDE9CF9DCD3E" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<paragraph id="7F5077FE90238A5F57C3595BFDFCA649" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
Figure 7.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="09B09DF5EDF928A6CD62CE935476F3ED" genus="Phoronis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phoronis ijimai" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Phoronida" rank="species" species="ijimai">Phoronis ijimai</taxonomicName>
|
||
. A NSMT-Te 878, eggs brooded in the lophophore (some tentacles have been removed) B NSMT-Te 884, transverse section through the basal part of the lophophore, showing mature eggs on the basal nidamental glands C NSMT-Te 883, enlargement of brooded eggs, showing various developmental stages. Abbreviations: eg egg; te tentacle.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="BBDA217FF79B890C0D091F46E508FEC6" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="distribution and habitat">
|
||
<paragraph id="961A601EA21830F787A22FD30918B94F" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<pageBreakToken id="DAAF074EE929381FF315D418C9B1D151" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" start="start">Distribution</pageBreakToken>
|
||
and habitat.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="BC6DF766A58586ACEEA4BF9C0D3545EF" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3612E04BE32A166FB2751612CF7BCF40" genus="Phoronis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phoronis ijimai" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Phoronida" rank="species" species="ijimai">Phoronis ijimai</taxonomicName>
|
||
is widely distributed in the North Pacific, along the coasts of North America, Canada, Japan, and Russia, including the Sea of Japan (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9F4AB4FC9C9F241CFF585928E96EA47E" author="Emig, CC" journalOrPublisher="Marine Biology" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="154 - 159" title="Remarques sur la systematique des phoronidiens. X. Note sur l'ecologie, la morphologie et la taxonomie de Phoronis ijimai et Phoronis vancouverensis." url="10.1007/BF00350930" volume="8" year="1971 a">Emig 1971a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D47252EC001D7DB0C3BDB0AF2D106DCB" author="Emig, CC" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="128 - 151" title="The systematics and evolution of the phylum Phoronida." url="10.1111/j.1439-0469.1974.tb00161.x" volume="12" year="1974">1974</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0603FA33A3BC5AD62ADCCA13DAFF6E89" author="Emig, CC" journalOrPublisher="Zoologichesky Zhurnal" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="22 - 30" title="On phoronids of the Far Eastern seas of the USSR and their distribution in the Pacific Ocean." volume="69" year="1990">Emig and Golikov 1990</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="84B973964D8A6C6C0B17CC32B6653546" author="Temereva, EN" journalOrPublisher="Zoologichesky Zhurnal" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" pagination="626 - 630" title="A new rock dwelling phoronid species, Phoronis svetlanae (Lophophorata, Phoronida) from the Sea of Japan." volume="78" year="1999">Temereva and Malakhov 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1F6A015B3495101BE8861C733C655E38" genus="Phoronis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phoronis ijimai" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Phoronida" rank="species" species="ijimai">Phoronis ijimai</taxonomicName>
|
||
has been reported from hard substrates such as rocks, bivalve shells, and wood, and also from a sandy bottom; it often forms dense populations, up to about 15,000 individuals per m2 (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E79277F9DFF2D4FB00C7F249C3EC3557" author="Emig, CC" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="128 - 151" title="The systematics and evolution of the phylum Phoronida." url="10.1111/j.1439-0469.1974.tb00161.x" volume="12" year="1974">Emig 1974</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="71951B9808ACBE5714EDF5F48B0C4502" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="remarks">
|
||
<paragraph id="E5B41F6823B3F17BE6B967A5F6B61E38" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="76B0E3C378B7BB9C9DF58BF089F6E76C" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
Our topotype material of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="132E5032EAF71CD18B0D5A9159A07EE8" genus="Phoronis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phoronis ijimai" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Phoronida" rank="species" species="ijimai">Phoronis ijimai</taxonomicName>
|
||
collected from Misaki perfectly agrees with previous morphological accounts of this species (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="66C0E63BD90B451FFBD7AC8A01683DC3" author="Oka, A" journalOrPublisher="Annotationes Zoologicae Japonenses" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="147 - 150" title="Sur une nouvelle espece du genre Phoronis." volume="1" year="1897">Oka 1897</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7FAE6A01B89AB09C1798668F5F7EA86D" author="Emig, CC" journalOrPublisher="Marine Biology" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="154 - 159" title="Remarques sur la systematique des phoronidiens. X. Note sur l'ecologie, la morphologie et la taxonomie de Phoronis ijimai et Phoronis vancouverensis." url="10.1007/BF00350930" volume="8" year="1971 a">Emig 1971a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AE6E3DC65307CFA9F72E5CCA9B9099D2" author="Emig, CC" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="128 - 151" title="The systematics and evolution of the phylum Phoronida." url="10.1111/j.1439-0469.1974.tb00161.x" volume="12" year="1974">1974</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) in the following characters: 1) the long nephridial papilla and the large anal funnel of the nephridium, 2) the small diameter of the two giant nerve fibers, 3) the number of longitudinal muscles in the right oral and both anal coeloms, and 4) the brooding of embryos on lophophoral organs. These characters also agree with the description of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="73CDCD2EC81668346E79ECF23E46B608" genus="Phoronis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phoronis hippocrepia" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Phoronida" rank="species" species="hippocrepia">Phoronis hippocrepia</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but differ in 1) the large number of longitudinal muscles in the right oral coelom, and 2) the single chamber in the ascending branch of the nephridium. Our topotypes of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="92D5A568BB7D1D1C3BFB8BB45E32319E" genus="Phoronis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phoronis ijimai" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Phoronida" rank="species" species="ijimai">Phoronis ijimai</taxonomicName>
|
||
also match the description of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9B59171D526EC8A0939DC27527353A71" genus="Phoronis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phoronis vancouverensis" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Phoronida" rank="species" species="vancouverensis">Phoronis vancouverensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="82487F3EE61996E639B75A6241528F22" author="Pixell, HL" journalOrPublisher="Quarterly Journal of Microscopical Science" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="257 - 284" title="Two new species of Phoronida from Vancouver Island." volume="58" year="1912">Pixell 1912</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="1C9E939A90150D93A347B1D8DBFF1214" author="Emig, CC" journalOrPublisher="Marine Biology" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="154 - 159" title="Remarques sur la systematique des phoronidiens. X. Note sur l'ecologie, la morphologie et la taxonomie de Phoronis ijimai et Phoronis vancouverensis." url="10.1007/BF00350930" volume="8" year="1971 a">Emig 1971a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="921E5057F5CF6D7BD058792062DD6507" author="Emig, CC" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="128 - 151" title="The systematics and evolution of the phylum Phoronida." url="10.1111/j.1439-0469.1974.tb00161.x" volume="12" year="1974">1974</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). While our specimens have slightly fewer longitudinal muscles in the right anal and left oral coeloms compared to the original description of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1CB0632FF7DB1B63D5A1537B20F3DA45" genus="Phoronis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phoronis vancouverensis" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Phoronida" rank="species" species="vancouverensis">Phoronis vancouverensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A97D318F2A46FCD44A5919865751485E" author="Pixell, HL" journalOrPublisher="Quarterly Journal of Microscopical Science" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="257 - 284" title="Two new species of Phoronida from Vancouver Island." volume="58" year="1912">Pixell (1912)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and the revised description of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="30B7D67F3AD5F6080F3EB9F28C2C8D80" genus="Phoronis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phoronis ijimai" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Phoronida" rank="species" species="ijimai">Phoronis ijimai</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D91EB568AA3CF5E423CCF58F176CCF5A" author="Emig, CC" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="128 - 151" title="The systematics and evolution of the phylum Phoronida." url="10.1111/j.1439-0469.1974.tb00161.x" volume="12" year="1974">Emig (1974)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, respectively, the numbers are within the range of variation in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3C347EA37D473D0F7EAC73A731B4C49E" genus="Phoronis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phoronis ijimai" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Phoronida" rank="species" species="ijimai">Phoronis ijimai</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6021C2E6CAF6CD141E5AEBB60AD3950B" author="Emig, CC" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="128 - 151" title="The systematics and evolution of the phylum Phoronida." url="10.1111/j.1439-0469.1974.tb00161.x" volume="12" year="1974">Emig 1974</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The topotypes had fewer tentacles, probably due to the smaller size of the body and lophophore.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |