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<mods:title id="89BBC1ACF71A96B2279E901D5EB0F900">New synonyms of two Arabian ants of the genus Monomorium Mayr, 1855 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="95928C3FDB2BF205E39CD3C2186F7D0D">Sharaf, Mostafa R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="F330A1EFF739333B3847DB76C4C51334">Al Dhafer, Hathal M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="D86021C4E6BEFD548DF18931B0069111">Al mutairi, Mohammed S.</mods:namePart>
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<paragraph id="5186BA02863D3C1A6EF369E638D7BC19" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">Taxon classification Animalia Hymenoptera Formicidae</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="0EF68A05DA83C605102D05E24DB9614C" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">
<taxonomicName id="07792F55269F21AF3F8ED5A59197E9BB" ID-CoL="73PZC" authority="Smith, 1858" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1858" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Monomorium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Monomorium subopacum" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subopacum">Monomorium subopacum (Smith, 1858)</taxonomicName>
Figs 5-8
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="0853B48BC26828D81EB2F77BB01FF360" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="9E4333E1EFFAB8DD8633FDAB07F69130" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">
<taxonomicName id="55C292444B57DD562AD8C3DFBE3B9D85" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Monomorium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Monomorium subopacum" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subopacum">
<pageBreakToken id="A62FA2E6FAB5F48F831D3FBBD456643B" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" start="start">Monomorium</pageBreakToken>
subopacum
</taxonomicName>
For full synonymy, see
<bibRefCitation id="6B7F7756B2892DEED67886BF8778640B" author="Heterick, BE" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" pagination="69 - 202" title="A revision of the Malagasy ants belonging to genus Monomorium Mayr, 1855." volume="57" year="2006">Heterick (2006)</bibRefCitation>
, p. 103.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2EA9FE5D3C756CCCAB79649E8D871A4C" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">
<taxonomicName id="D74AC39C97CFE31AC30B19FD4C41EB56" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Myrmica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Myrmica subopaca" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subopaca">Myrmica subopaca</taxonomicName>
Smith, 1858: 127 (w.q.) (paralectotype worker, designated by B. E. Heterick, September, 2004) Portugal (Madeira Is.). Afrotropic. &quot;Portugal (Madeira Island), coll. T.V. Wollaston. (BMNH), http://www.antweb.org/specimen/CASENT0010949 [Image of type specimen examined].
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7DCB458D3C6EE9B03A4151DE059A2CB9" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">
<taxonomicName id="E4F86D982AF45A5DC58EF5ED4C4692A6" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Monomorium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Monomorium mintiribe" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mintiribe">Monomorium mintiribe</taxonomicName>
Collingwood &amp; Agosti, 1996: 350, fig. 23 (w.q.m.) Oman. Palearctic. Bilad Ban. 17.i.1986, coll. W. Buttiker. (WMLC), Paratype worker [examined]. Syn. n.
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="AA243B5CFF4CA985D5A6AB54533E2907" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" type="material examined">
<paragraph id="A5053D30DA096AF9DDD8D486CFA23145" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="97973327567F508D5435B0C3D33BBF13" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">
UAE, Ar-Rafah, 25.43.55.52, 1-8.iii.2011, (M. Hauser et al.) (1); UAE, Ar-Rafah, 25.43.55.52, 1.
<normalizedToken id="C38774D8E37D0D730FB796CD4F876BD1" originalValue="ii">ii-</normalizedToken>
31.iii.2010, (M. Hauser et al.) (1); UAE, Ar-Rafah, 25.18.56.07, 22.
<normalizedToken id="947DD430633B3648EE66C3AE6A3EA610" originalValue="vi">vi-</normalizedToken>
2.vii.2010, (M. Hauser et al.) (1); UAE, Jebel Jibir, 25.39.56.07, 11-13.iv.2011, (M. Hauser et al.) (1).
</paragraph>
<caption id="89FEBE80081082CB86A52C4B4A8CB81D" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">
<paragraph id="026A470E512BDFFDD1C3F01B61C2016E" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">
Figures 5-8.
<taxonomicName id="E2F4BF601CE3EF8C1C771B58BDA432B6" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Monomorium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Monomorium subopacum" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subopacum">Monomorium subopacum</taxonomicName>
(paralectotype worker), CASENT0010949. 5 Body in profile 6 Body in dorsal view 7 Head in full-face view 8 specimen label Photo April Nobile, http://antweb.org/
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="093E5D11BA7FEBF1E09CA7BF4EEE9E1C" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BAAAACD4C4B6B933AD2BD337E16E779C" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="54" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">
The holotype and 10 paratypes of
<taxonomicName id="F29A0038B22E0B2F3E6EB0E9E958934F" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Monomorium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Monomorium mintiribe" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mintiribe">
<pageBreakToken id="0A95865206472C82A955222EB2B45D83" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" start="start">Monomorium</pageBreakToken>
mintiribe
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seem to be lost. Extensive searches at both WMLC and NHMB failed to locate type material except for a single paratype specimen labeled in red at the WMLC. In addition, despite the fact that the label information for the paratype specimen in WMLC does not exactly match the information in
<bibRefCitation id="2392FA18CDB4AD6959047E7E230E4D9E" author="Collingwood, CA" journalOrPublisher="Fauna of Saudi Arabia" pageId="4" pageNumber="55" pagination="300 - 385" title="Formicidae of Saudi Arabia (part 2)." volume="15" year="1996">Collingwood and Agosti (1996)</bibRefCitation>
, we consider this specimen as part of the original type series.
<bibRefCitation id="C146A83365242F01C395A7FA592DF673" author="Collingwood, CA" journalOrPublisher="Fauna of Saudi Arabia" pageId="4" pageNumber="55" pagination="300 - 385" title="Formicidae of Saudi Arabia (part 2)." volume="15" year="1996">Collingwood and Agosti (1996)</bibRefCitation>
indicated the following paratypes: 1 male, 2 queens, 2 workers, &quot;Oman, Bilad Bani, 20°03'N, 59°17'E, coll. W. Buttiker&quot;, whereas the data on the paratype specimen in WMLC is &quot;Bilad Ban, Oman, W. Buttiker, 17.i.1986.&quot; The second author (C. A. Collingwood) confirms that the single remaining specimen is an originally designated paratype. The original description of
<taxonomicName id="8B211D9E5D50255326D19164F400C51B" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Monomorium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Monomorium mintiribe" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mintiribe">Monomorium mintiribe</taxonomicName>
did not compare this taxon with related congeners. The single paratype is identical to the paralectotypes of
<taxonomicName id="DC3D2AE877E96E33548A65EF63245EE3" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Monomorium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Monomorium subopacum" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subopacum">Monomorium subopacum</taxonomicName>
and the original description agrees with this. Therefore,
<taxonomicName id="59E7D2A0775CEB8B9CE1991C2EF042CC" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Monomorium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Monomorium mintiribe" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mintiribe">Monomorium mintiribe</taxonomicName>
is treated here as a junior subjective synonym of
<taxonomicName id="033DF1C7706498A16CA5F1566C967E28" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Monomorium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Monomorium subopacum" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subopacum">Monomorium subopacum</taxonomicName>
.
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