255 lines
20 KiB
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255 lines
20 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.955.51983" ID-GBIF-Dataset="45a98afc-af5a-4734-93d1-205e1ac3694b" ID-PMC="PMC7423785" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-955-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="F7018CF19C6158309D57C83A2F5E9478" ID-PubMed="32855592" ID-ZooBank="C8EF4A4B6F054621B9B5AE47FEE7C217" ModsDocID="1313-2970-955-1" checkinTime="1596691600214" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Grego, Jozef, Mumladze, Levan, Falniowski, Andrzej, Osikowski, Artur, Rysiewska, Aleksandra, Palatov, Dimitry M. & Hofman, Sebastian" docDate="2020" docId="6082F8E275975B299F24A32B5E91899A" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 955: 1-77" docOrigin="ZooKeys 955" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.955.51983" docTitle="Imeretiopsis gorgoleti Grego & Mumladze 2020, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="9326015A-DFD6-4CE8-BFE4-4A35FBFC981C" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" id="F7018CF19C6158309D57C83A2F5E9478" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="F7018CF19C6158309D57C83A2F5E9478" masterDocTitle="Revealing the stygobiotic and crenobiotic molluscan biodiversity hotspot in Caucasus: Part I. The phylogeny of stygobiotic Sadlerianinae Szarowska, 2006 (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Hydrobiidae) from Georgia with descriptions of five new genera and twenty-one new species" masterLastPageNumber="77" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1668169198162" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Revealing the stygobiotic and crenobiotic molluscan biodiversity hotspot in Caucasus: Part I. The phylogeny of stygobiotic Sadlerianinae Szarowska, 2006 (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Hydrobiidae) from Georgia with descriptions of five new genera and twenty-one new species</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Grego, Jozef</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Horna Micina 219, 97401, Banska Bystrica, Slovakia</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Mumladze, Levan</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Institute of Zoology, Ilia State University, Kakutsa Cholokashvili Ave 3 / 5, Tbilisi 0162, Georgia</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2172-6973</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Falniowski, Andrzej</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Malacology, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, ul. Gronostajowa 9, 30 - 387, Krakow, Poland</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Osikowski, Artur</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Animal Reproduction, Anatomy and Genomics, University of Agriculture in Krakow, al. Mickiewicza 24 / 28, 30 - 059, Krakow, Poland</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6646-2687</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">a.osikowski@urk.edu.pl</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Rysiewska, Aleksandra</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Malacology, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, ul. Gronostajowa 9, 30 - 387, Krakow, Poland</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Palatov, Dimitry M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Hydrobiology, Biological Faculty, Moscow State University, 1 - 12 Leninskie Gory, 119991, Moscow, Russian Federation</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Hofman, Sebastian</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Comparative Anatomy, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, ul. Gronostajowa 9, 30 - 387, Krakow, Poland</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2020</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>955</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>77</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.955.51983</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.955.51983</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-955-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">C8EF4A4B6F054621B9B5AE47FEE7C217</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">F7018CF19C6158309D57C83A2F5E9478</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="166096061" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:9326015A-DFD6-4CE8-BFE4-4A35FBFC981C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/6082F8E275975B299F24A32B5E91899A" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName LSID="6082F8E2-7597-5B29-9F24-A32B5E91899A" authority="Grego & Mumladze" authorityName="Grego & Mumladze" authorityYear="2020" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Imeretiopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Imeretiopsis gorgoleti" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gorgoleti" status="sp. nov.">Imeretiopsis gorgoleti Grego & Mumladze</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="1">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Plate 7" captionStartId="F17" captionText="Plate 7. 1 Imeretiopsis prometheus sp. nov., Imereti, Kumistavi, Prometheus Cave, paratype SBMNH 633098 2 I. nakeralaensis sp. nov., Imereti, Tikbuli, spring below Nakerala Pass, paratype SBMNH 633110 3 I. gorgoleti sp. nov., Racha, Gorgoleti, above road to Tsakhi, paratype SBMNH 635910 4 Caucasopsis egrisi sp. nov., Pirveli Blada, spring in village, paratype SBMNH 639559. Scale bars: 1 mm. SEM SBMNH Vanessa Delnavaz." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.955.51983.plate7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/439169" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Plates 7</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F18" captionText="Figure 11. Morphology of the penis A, B Caucasopsis letsurtsume sp. nov., Samegrelo: A ventrally B dorsally C Imeretiopsis gorgoleti sp. nov. Photograph A. Falniowski and A. Rysiewska." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.955.51983.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/439171" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">(3); 8(1-4, 9-14); Fig. 11C</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type locality">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type locality.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Georgia • Racha, Gorgoleti;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="42" direction="north" minutes="31" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="03" value="42.517498">42°31'03"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="42" direction="east" minutes="54" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="59" value="42.91639">42°54'59"E</geoCoordinate>
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; 620 m a.s.l.; small cave spring on the right bank of the Shareula River between Gorgoleti and Tsakhi villages.
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</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.955.51983.plate8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/439170" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Plate 8" startId="F20">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Plate 8.</emphasis>
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">1-4</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Grego & Mumladze" authorityYear="2020" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Imeretiopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Imeretiopsis gorgoleti" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gorgoleti">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Imeretiopsis gorgoleti</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov., Racha, Gorgoleti, small spring above the road to Tsakhi:
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">1</emphasis>
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holotype
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">2</emphasis>
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paratype NHMW113279
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">3, 4</emphasis>
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paratypes
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">5, 6</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName lsidName="I. iazoni" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="iazoni">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">I. iazoni</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov., Imereti, Kutaisi, Iazoni Cave:
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">5</emphasis>
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holotype
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">6</emphasis>
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paratype
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">7, 8</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName lsidName="I. cameroni" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="cameroni">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">I. cameroni</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov., Imereti, Kutaisi, Iazoni Cave, paratypes
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">9-13</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName lsidName="I. gorgoleti" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="gorgoleti">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">I. gorgoleti</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov., specimens used for molecular and anatomical studies
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">14</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName lsidName="I. gorgoleti" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="gorgoleti">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">I. gorgoleti</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov., operculum. The numbers correspond to individuals, and the letters represent the different views of the same individual. Photograph Sara Schnedl, NHMW, and A. Rysiewska.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Holotype</emphasis>
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: Georgia • 1 adult, dry; type locality; 13 October 2019; J. Grego, L. Mumladze and G. Bananashvili; ISU FM-T013-H.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Paratypes</emphasis>
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: same as for holotype; ISU FM-T013-P1/49 dry and 83 wet, SBMNH 635910/7 dry, NHMW 113279/2 dry, HNHM 104681/2 dry, NHMUK 20191337/2 dry, NHMB 563968/2 dry, SMF 358928/2 dry, ZMH 140633/2 dry, MNHN-IM-2016-7897, ZIN 1/509-2020/2 dry, coll. JG F1430/49 dry and 84 wet.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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The new species differs from all the related species of the region by its more robust shape, more open umbilicus and more expanded rounded aperture. The most similar shell morphology can be seen in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="I. iazoni" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="iazoni">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">I. iazoni</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov., however,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="I. gorgoleti" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="gorgoleti">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">I. gorgoleti</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov. has a much larger and robust shell with a more open umbilicus and more expanded aperture. From the members of the genus
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Grego & Mumladze" authorityYear="2020" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Caucasopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Caucasopsis" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Caucasopsis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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gen. nov. as the
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<taxonomicName lsidName="C. tsurtsume" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="tsurtsume">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. tsurtsume</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov. it differs by its less sinuated labral margin and by a more regular apertural form.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Shell</emphasis>
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: height ranges from 1.52 to 2.18 mm, conical to ovate-conical shell, with
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<normalizedToken originalValue="4½">41/2</normalizedToken>
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whorls, blunt protoconch, rather inflated whorls and deep suture. Umbilicus widely open. Shell surface glossy, milky-translucent with very faint almost invisible axial growth lines. Aperture subcircular and expanded. Lateral labral profile weakly sinuated adapically toward the body whorl; columellar labrum has a weak sinuation near columella. Protoconch surface densely covered by large regular weak pits.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Operculum</emphasis>
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: translucent, milky whitish, paucispiral with excentric nucleus.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Animal body</emphasis>
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: animal white, eyeless with light brown pellets and randomly spread dark grey diffused fibre-like streaked blotches on mantle visible through the translucent shell from body whorl up to the early whorls.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Holotype measurements</emphasis>
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: H-2.18 mm; W-1.44 mm; BH-1.35 mm; BW-1.15 mm; AH-0.94 mm; AW-0.82 mm; CA: 38°.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Anatomy</emphasis>
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: the penis (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F18" captionText="Figure 11. Morphology of the penis A, B Caucasopsis letsurtsume sp. nov., Samegrelo: A ventrally B dorsally C Imeretiopsis gorgoleti sp. nov. Photograph A. Falniowski and A. Rysiewska." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.955.51983.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/439171" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">11C</figureCitation>
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) bent, cylindrical, distally with no filament but broadly conical, in its median part a characteristically shaped double outgrowth, proximally broad and distally blunt.
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</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.955.51983.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/439171" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 11" startId="F18">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 11.</emphasis>
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Morphology of the penis
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A, B</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Grego & Mumladze" authorityYear="2020" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Caucasopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Caucasopsis letsurtsume" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="letsurtsume">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Caucasopsis letsurtsume</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov., Samegrelo:
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
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ventrally
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
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dorsally
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Grego & Mumladze" authorityYear="2020" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Imeretiopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Imeretiopsis gorgoleti" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gorgoleti">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Imeretiopsis gorgoleti</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov. Photograph A. Falniowski and A. Rysiewska.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Name derived from Gorgoleti village (Racha region) (სოფელი
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<normalizedToken originalValue="გორგოლეთ">გორგოლეთ</normalizedToken>
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), which is the closest village to the type locality.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="habitat">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Habitat.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Stygobiotic species. Many live specimens were found on tree roots submerged in small cave ponds. The phreatic rhizosphere habitat provides enough food either directly through root exudation (
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2019.00157" author="Canarini, A" journalOrPublisher="Frontiers in Plant Science" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 17" refId="B6" refString="Canarini, A, Kaiser, C, Merchant, A, Richter, A, Wanek, W, 2019. Root Exudation of Primary Metabolites: Mechanisms and Their Roles in Plant Responses to Environmental Stimuli. Frontiers in Plant Science 10 (157): 1 - 17, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2019.00157" title="Root Exudation of Primary Metabolites: Mechanisms and Their Roles in Plant Responses to Environmental Stimuli." url="https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2019.00157" volume="10" year="2019">Canarini et al. 2019</bibRefCitation>
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), by direct feeding on root tissue or feeding on microbial slime covering the submerged roots, as well as on the decaying roots.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Only known from the type locality.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="conservation status">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Conservation status.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">The number of known localities (2) is no more than 5 and EOO is smaller than 20 km2. There is no reason to suppose that AOO, EOO, number of locations, number of subpopulations or the number or mature individuals are declining however due to its extremely small EOO we assessed as Vulnerable (VU) D2.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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The phreatic rhizosphere habitat for gastropods was known to us from Central and South-eastern Europe. There it hosts mostly valvatiform shelled stygobiotic gastropods; however, the rich food source it provides can attract various gastropod species. We suppose the slightly sinuated aperture (labral and columellar margin) of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Grego & Mumladze" authorityYear="2020" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Imeretiopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Imeretiopsis" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Imeretiopsis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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could help the animals in attaching to cylindrical shape of the fine roots.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |