350 lines
31 KiB
XML
350 lines
31 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.976.53859" ID-GBIF-Dataset="3c8d8e79-b176-41e6-87c9-fb6f4b5ff9a6" ID-PMC="PMC7591553" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-976-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="1C1677B3CFE65ECEADF5CA56DACD0B9C" ID-PubMed="33173395" ID-ZooBank="B755A1D5D42D4CA589BE10C11EAB4580" ModsDocID="1313-2970-976-1" checkinTime="1603239875264" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Pholyotha, Arthit, Sutcharit, Chirasak, Tongkerd, Piyoros & Panha, Somsak" docDate="2020" docId="226AB24B89335C6489AB15823EC0ABF7" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 976: 1-100" docOrigin="ZooKeys 976" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.976.53859" docTitle="Sarika pellosa Pholyotha & Panha 2020, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="BDA78F68-B700-42D9-8710-30E461EEC205" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" id="1C1677B3CFE65ECEADF5CA56DACD0B9C" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="1C1677B3CFE65ECEADF5CA56DACD0B9C" masterDocTitle="Integrative taxonomic revision of the land snail genus Sarika Godwin-Austen, 1907 in Thailand, with descriptions of nine new species (Eupulmonata, Ariophantidae)" masterLastPageNumber="100" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1668169619115" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Integrative taxonomic revision of the land snail genus Sarika Godwin-Austen, 1907 in Thailand, with descriptions of nine new species (Eupulmonata, Ariophantidae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Pholyotha, Arthit</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Biological Sciences Program, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand & Animal Systematics Research Unit, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6677-1164</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Sutcharit, Chirasak</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Animal Systematics Research Unit, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">jirasak4@yahoo.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Tongkerd, Piyoros</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Animal Systematics Research Unit, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Panha, Somsak</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Animal Systematics Research Unit, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2020</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>976</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>100</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.976.53859</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.976.53859</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-976-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">B755A1D5D42D4CA589BE10C11EAB4580</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">1C1677B3CFE65ECEADF5CA56DACD0B9C</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="168504542" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:BDA78F68-B700-42D9-8710-30E461EEC205" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/226AB24B89335C6489AB15823EC0ABF7" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName LSID="226AB24B-8933-5C64-89AB-15823EC0ABF7" authority="Pholyotha & Panha" authorityName="Pholyotha & Panha" authorityYear="2020" class="Gastropoda" family="Ariophantidae" genus="Sarika" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sarika pellosa" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pellosa" status="sp. nov.">Sarika pellosa Pholyotha & Panha</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="1">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Maximum likelihood tree showing the relationships among species of Sarika based on the mitochondrial COI gene sequences. Numbers by the nodes are the ML bootstrap values (left) and Bayesian posterior probabilities (right); shown only for the nodes supported by ML or BI (≥ 70 % and ≥ 0.95). Each clade colour refers to a genus." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.976.53859.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/464383" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 1</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 32" captionStartId="F32" captionText="Figure 32. Geographic distribution of Sarika bocourti, S. hainesi, S. inferospira sp. nov., S. melanospira sp. nov. and S. pellosa sp. nov. based on examined specimens herein." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.976.53859.figure32" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/464414" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 32</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 33" captionStartId="F33" captionText="Figure 33. Living snails of group II: Sarika hainesi group. A Sarika bocourti specimen CUMZ 7591 showing no left shell lobe (yellow arrow) B S. hainesi specimen CUMZ 7237 C S. bocourti specimen CUMZ 7591 D S. inferospira sp. nov. specimen CUMZ 7257 E S. melanospira sp. nov. paratype CUMZ 7243, and F S. pellosa sp. nov. paratype CUMZ 7517. Not to scale." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.976.53859.figure33" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/464415" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 33F</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 38" captionStartId="F38" captionText="Figure 38. Shells of Group II: Sarika hainesi group. A, B Sarika inferospira sp. nov. A holotype CUMZ 7254 and B paratype CUMZ 7255 C, D S. melanospira sp. nov. C holotype CUMZ 7258 and D paratype CUMZ 7243 E, F S. pellosa sp. nov. E holotype CUMZ 7249 and F paratype CUMZ 7517." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.976.53859.figure38" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/464420" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 38E, F</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 41" captionStartId="F41" captionText="Figure 41. Genitalia. A, B Sarika pellosa sp. nov. paratype CUMZ 7517 A general view of the genital system and B internal structure of the penis. White arrowhead indicates the end of the penis." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.976.53859.figure41" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/464423" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 41</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 42" captionStartId="F42" captionText="Figure 42. Spermatophore of Sarika pellosa sp. nov. paratype CUMZ 7517 A general view of the spermatophore B head filament, and C-E tail filament showing C three spines located close to the sperm sac, D region with and without branching spines, and E branching spines on the tip region. Yellow arrowhead indicates the end of the spines from the tip." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.976.53859.figure42" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/464424" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 42</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 43" captionStartId="F43" captionText="Figure 43. Representative SEM images of the radula. A Sarika hainesi specimen CUMZ 7237 B S. bocourti specimen CUMZ 7597 C S. inferospira sp. nov. paratype CUMZ 7255 D S. melanospira sp. nov. paratype CUMZ 7243, and E S. pellosa sp. nov. specimen CUMZ 7251. Central tooth indicated by ' C'; Yellow colour indicates lateral teeth with the transition to marginal teeth." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.976.53859.figure43" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/464425" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 43E</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type material">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Holotype</emphasis>
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CUMZ 7249 (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 38" captionStartId="F38" captionText="Figure 38. Shells of Group II: Sarika hainesi group. A, B Sarika inferospira sp. nov. A holotype CUMZ 7254 and B paratype CUMZ 7255 C, D S. melanospira sp. nov. C holotype CUMZ 7258 and D paratype CUMZ 7243 E, F S. pellosa sp. nov. E holotype CUMZ 7249 and F paratype CUMZ 7517." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.976.53859.figure38" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/464420" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">38E</figureCitation>
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, width 23.6 mm, height 11.0 mm).
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Paratypes</emphasis>
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CUMZ 7517 (two shell and four specimens preserved in ethanol; Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 38" captionStartId="F38" captionText="Figure 38. Shells of Group II: Sarika hainesi group. A, B Sarika inferospira sp. nov. A holotype CUMZ 7254 and B paratype CUMZ 7255 C, D S. melanospira sp. nov. C holotype CUMZ 7258 and D paratype CUMZ 7243 E, F S. pellosa sp. nov. E holotype CUMZ 7249 and F paratype CUMZ 7517." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.976.53859.figure38" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/464420" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">38F</figureCitation>
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, width 23.6 mm, height 11.5 mm) CUMZ 7519 (three specimens preserved in ethanol), NHMUK 20200287 (two shells).
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</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.976.53859.figure41" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/464423" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 41" startId="F41">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 41.</emphasis>
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Genitalia.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A, B</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Pholyotha & Panha" authorityYear="2020" class="Gastropoda" family="Ariophantidae" genus="Sarika" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sarika pellosa" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pellosa">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Sarika pellosa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov. paratype CUMZ 7517
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
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general view of the genital system and
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
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internal structure of the penis. White arrowhead indicates the end of the penis.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Other material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Thailand-Eastern.</emphasis>
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Tham Saeng Thian, Khlong Hat, Sa Kaeo,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="13" direction="north" minutes="18" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="57.2" value="13.315889">13°18'57.2"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="102" direction="east" minutes="19" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="57.2" value="102.33256">102°19'57.2"E</geoCoordinate>
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: CUMZ 7250. Tham Nam Khao Siva, Khlong Hat, Sa Kaeo,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="13" direction="north" minutes="19" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="15.1" value="13.320861">13°19'15.1"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="102" direction="east" minutes="19" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="40.1" value="102.327805">102°19'40.1"E</geoCoordinate>
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: CUMZ 7251. Limestone outcrop in Khao Chakan, Khao Chakan, Sa Kaeo,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="13" direction="north" minutes="39" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="49.4" value="13.663722">13°39'49.4"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="102" direction="east" minutes="05" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="39.7" value="102.09436">102°05'39.7"E</geoCoordinate>
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: CUMZ 7518. Wat Tham Khao Chakan, Khao Chakan, Sa Kaeo,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="13" direction="north" minutes="39" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="38.0" value="13.660555">13°39'38.0"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="102" direction="east" minutes="05" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="02.8" value="102.084114">102°05'02.8"E</geoCoordinate>
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: CUMZ 7520.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type locality">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type locality.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Tham Phet Pho Thong, Khlong Hat, Sa Kaeo, Thailand,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="13" direction="north" minutes="25" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="02.5" value="13.417361">13°25'02.5"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="102" direction="east" minutes="19" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="25.6" value="102.32378">102°19'25.6"E</geoCoordinate>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Shell large, depressed to strongly depressed, pale brown to dark brown with rounded to weak shouldered body whorl. Animal with blackish body and four mantle lobes. Genitalia with a large straight epiphallic caecum and triangular prism pilasters on inner penial sculpture. Spermatophore: tail filament near sperm sac with three spines and terminal part more than ca. one-third of its length with series of branching spines.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Shell</emphasis>
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.
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</emphasis>
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Shell depressed to strongly depressed, large size (shell width up to 24.7 mm, shell height up to 12.0 mm), and thin. Surface smooth and shiny; shell colour very pale brown to dark brown. Whorls 6-
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<normalizedToken originalValue="6½">61/2</normalizedToken>
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, increasing regularly; body whorl large and rounded to weak shouldered. Spire moderately elevated; suture impressed. Aperture crescent-shaped and obliquely opened. Peristome simple. Columellar margin simple and slightly reflected near umbilicus. Umbilicus narrowly opened (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 38" captionStartId="F38" captionText="Figure 38. Shells of Group II: Sarika hainesi group. A, B Sarika inferospira sp. nov. A holotype CUMZ 7254 and B paratype CUMZ 7255 C, D S. melanospira sp. nov. C holotype CUMZ 7258 and D paratype CUMZ 7243 E, F S. pellosa sp. nov. E holotype CUMZ 7249 and F paratype CUMZ 7517." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.976.53859.figure38" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/464420" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">38E, F</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Genital organs</emphasis>
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.
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</emphasis>
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Atrium short. Penis cylindrical with thin penial sheath covering proximal penis. Inner sculpture of penis proximally more than ca. half of penial chamber with very finely longitudinal penial pilasters to nearly smooth surface, and then gradually transformed from small to large rhomboid pilasters with acute angle on top (triangular prism). Epiphallus enlarged cylindrical and approximately two times penis length. Epiphallic caecum large, straight, similar to epiphallus diameter and located near middle of epiphallus. Penial retractor muscle thin and attached at tip of epiphallic caecum. Flagellum long and enlarged approximately as long as epiphallus. Vas deferens thin tube connecting distal epiphallus and free oviduct (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 41" captionStartId="F41" captionText="Figure 41. Genitalia. A, B Sarika pellosa sp. nov. paratype CUMZ 7517 A general view of the genital system and B internal structure of the penis. White arrowhead indicates the end of the penis." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.976.53859.figure41" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/464423" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">41</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.976.53859.figure42" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/464424" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 42" startId="F42">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 42.</emphasis>
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Spermatophore of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Pholyotha & Panha" authorityYear="2020" class="Gastropoda" family="Ariophantidae" genus="Sarika" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sarika pellosa" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pellosa">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Sarika pellosa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov. paratype CUMZ 7517
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
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general view of the spermatophore
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
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head filament, and
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C-E</emphasis>
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tail filament showing
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
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three spines located close to the sperm sac,
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
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region with and without branching spines, and
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
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branching spines on the tip region. Yellow arrowhead indicates the end of the spines from the tip.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Vagina long cylindrical and approximately twice as long as penis. Dart apparatus large, long cylindrical, and located on atrium at vagina and penis junction. Gametolytic sac enlarged and bulbous; gametolytic duct enlarged cylindrical (spermatophore inside). Free oviduct cylindrical, slightly shorter than vagina (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 41" captionStartId="F41" captionText="Figure 41. Genitalia. A, B Sarika pellosa sp. nov. paratype CUMZ 7517 A general view of the genital system and B internal structure of the penis. White arrowhead indicates the end of the penis." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.976.53859.figure41" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/464423" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">41A</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Spermatophore long and needle-shaped. Sperm sac enlarged and elongate-oval. Head filament was missing (incomplete spermatophore). Tail filament very long tube; region near sperm sac with three spines. Spine I simple and rather short. Spine II large and long, and most of branching spines probably missing. Spine III smaller than spine II, branching into small spines and spinules. Region furthest away smooth and without spine; terminal part (more than ca. one-third of its length) with series of long branching spines arranged in a row or encircled the tail filament tip (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 42" captionStartId="F42" captionText="Figure 42. Spermatophore of Sarika pellosa sp. nov. paratype CUMZ 7517 A general view of the spermatophore B head filament, and C-E tail filament showing C three spines located close to the sperm sac, D region with and without branching spines, and E branching spines on the tip region. Yellow arrowhead indicates the end of the spines from the tip." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.976.53859.figure42" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/464424" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">42</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName class="Bivalvia" family="Limidae" genus="Radula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Radula" order="Limida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Radula</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</emphasis>
|
||
Teeth with half row formula: 1-(15-16)-50. Central tooth symmetrical tricuspid; lateral teeth asymmetrical tricuspid; marginal teeth elongate bicuspid. Marginal teeth starting at approximately row number 15 or 16 (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 43" captionStartId="F43" captionText="Figure 43. Representative SEM images of the radula. A Sarika hainesi specimen CUMZ 7237 B S. bocourti specimen CUMZ 7597 C S. inferospira sp. nov. paratype CUMZ 7255 D S. melanospira sp. nov. paratype CUMZ 7243, and E S. pellosa sp. nov. specimen CUMZ 7251. Central tooth indicated by ' C'; Yellow colour indicates lateral teeth with the transition to marginal teeth." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.976.53859.figure43" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/464425" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">43E</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.976.53859.figure43" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/464425" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 43" startId="F43">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 43.</emphasis>
|
||
Representative SEM images of the radula.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Pfeiffer" baseAuthorityYear="1856" class="Gastropoda" family="Ariophantidae" genus="Sarika" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sarika hainesi" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="hainesi">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Sarika hainesi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
specimen CUMZ 7237
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. bocourti" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="bocourti">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. bocourti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
specimen CUMZ 7597
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. inferospira" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="inferospira">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. inferospira</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. paratype CUMZ 7255
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. melanospira" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="melanospira">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. melanospira</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. paratype CUMZ 7243, and
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. pellosa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="pellosa">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. pellosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. specimen CUMZ 7251. Central tooth indicated by
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="‘C’">'C'</normalizedToken>
|
||
; Yellow colour indicates lateral teeth with the transition to marginal teeth.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">External features</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Animal with reticulated skin and blackish body. Foot sole and caudal foss present; caudal horn raised. Four mantle lobes well developed and same colour as body. Left shell lobe absent (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 33" captionStartId="F33" captionText="Figure 33. Living snails of group II: Sarika hainesi group. A Sarika bocourti specimen CUMZ 7591 showing no left shell lobe (yellow arrow) B S. hainesi specimen CUMZ 7237 C S. bocourti specimen CUMZ 7591 D S. inferospira sp. nov. specimen CUMZ 7257 E S. melanospira sp. nov. paratype CUMZ 7243, and F S. pellosa sp. nov. paratype CUMZ 7517. Not to scale." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.976.53859.figure33" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/464415" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">33F</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
The specific name
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="pellosa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="pellosa">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">pellosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is from the Greek word
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">pellos</emphasis>
|
||
meaning dusky and refers to the blackish body that characterises this species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
This species is only known from several limestone karsts in Sa Kaeo Province (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 32" captionStartId="F32" captionText="Figure 32. Geographic distribution of Sarika bocourti, S. hainesi, S. inferospira sp. nov., S. melanospira sp. nov. and S. pellosa sp. nov. based on examined specimens herein." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.976.53859.figure32" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/464414" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">32</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="coi analysis">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">COI analysis.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
The ML and BI analyses of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. pellosa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="pellosa">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. pellosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. (n = 3) revealed that all specimens formed a well-supported clade (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Maximum likelihood tree showing the relationships among species of Sarika based on the mitochondrial COI gene sequences. Numbers by the nodes are the ML bootstrap values (left) and Bayesian posterior probabilities (right); shown only for the nodes supported by ML or BI (≥ 70 % and ≥ 0.95). Each clade colour refers to a genus." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.976.53859.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/464383" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">1</figureCitation>
|
||
; BS = 96%, PP = 1), sister group to
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. inferospira" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="inferospira">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. inferospira</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. +
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. melanospira" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="melanospira">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. melanospira</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. +
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. bocourti" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="bocourti">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. bocourti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with moderate support (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Maximum likelihood tree showing the relationships among species of Sarika based on the mitochondrial COI gene sequences. Numbers by the nodes are the ML bootstrap values (left) and Bayesian posterior probabilities (right); shown only for the nodes supported by ML or BI (≥ 70 % and ≥ 0.95). Each clade colour refers to a genus." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.976.53859.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/464383" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">1</figureCitation>
|
||
; BS = 73%, PP = 0.99). The mean intraspecific genetic distance of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. pellosa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="pellosa">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. pellosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. was 2.1% (Table
|
||
<tableCitation captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="T2" captionText="Table 2. Mean intra-specific and inter-specific genetic divergences among species of Sarika from the mitochondrial COI gene sequences estimated by the K 2 P model. Taxa in bold are the new species described herein." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/13BDBDF714F2FAA17ADB274D839659A1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableUuid="13BDBDF714F2FAA17ADB274D839659A1">2</tableCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
The shell of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. pellosa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="pellosa">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. pellosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. differs from other species in
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Pfeiffer" baseAuthorityYear="1856" class="Gastropoda" family="Ariophantidae" genus="Sarika" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sarika hainesi" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="hainesi">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Sarika hainesi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group by having a rounded to very weak shouldered body whorl. In contrast, the shells of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. hainesi" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="hainesi">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. hainesi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. bocourti" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="bocourti">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. bocourti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have obtusely angulated body whorls and
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. inferospira" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="inferospira">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. inferospira</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. has a shouldered body whorl.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
The shell of this new species is generally similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. melanospira" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="melanospira">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. melanospira</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. The distinguishing characters of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. pellosa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="pellosa">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. pellosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. are a broader body whorl, larger size of flagellum, vagina and free oviduct, and animal without a dark spiral band, while
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. melanospira" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="melanospira">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. melanospira</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. has a broad body whorl, smaller size of flagellum, vagina and free oviduct, and animal with a dark spiral band below the suture at the body whorl. In addition, the average interspecific sequence divergences between
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. pellosa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="pellosa">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. pellosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. and
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. melanospira" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="melanospira">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. melanospira</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. are fairly high (6.6%). Therefore, we treat them as two separate species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |