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<document id="F730308AEEE9FDBA82CDA9D7BACB797D" ID-CLB-Dataset="111190" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.556.1.3" ID-GBIF-Dataset="ac636d2a-3e29-49a7-a37c-a44fb4e0e878" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6951967" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1659436889185" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Stone, Jeffery R., Wilson, Mallory C. &amp; Jovanovska, Elena" docDate="2022" docId="03AC87E94556FFA9FF28FA24FBB00DF6" docLanguage="en" docName="phytotaxa.556.1.3.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 556 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.556.1.3" docStyle="DocumentStyle:96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9.7:Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="7" docTitle="Afrocymbella delphinea Stone &amp; Wilson &amp; Jovanovska 2022, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="32" masterDocId="FF95FF91455EFFA2FFA0FFC5FFAE0A04" masterDocTitle="The genus Afrocymbella (Bacillariophyceae) from lakes Malawi and Tanganyika, with description of new fossil and extant species" masterLastPageNumber="48" masterPageNumber="21" pageNumber="29" updateTime="1699362577316" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-figures="UNSPECIFIED" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="8AD9A0C09D908A5B024BBE5FA1EFF18F">The genus Afrocymbella (Bacillariophyceae) from lakes Malawi and Tanganyika, with description of new fossil and extant species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="BFB4F329BACE9A83BC489B7704A29E08">Stone, Jeffery R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="65760DB221C6F9566D7828CF936441B3">Indiana State University, Department of Earth and Environmental Systems, Terre Haute, Indiana, U. S. A. &amp; jeffery. stone @ indstate. edu; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 1313 - 0643</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="48063292CDC6E0961FC5B130ECFD4A9E">Indiana State University, Department of Earth and Environmental Systems, Terre Haute, Indiana, U. S. A. &amp; mwilson 108 @ sycamores. indstate. edu; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 2852 - 125 X</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="04CFF713357D1C78FB35370739B7805C">Jovanovska, Elena</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="4A5F7A2CFC73896695DAA6D911CECF8B">Senckenberg Research Institute, Department of Paleoanthropology, Frankfurt am Main, Germany &amp; jovanovska. eci @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 3413 - 3683</mods:affiliation>
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<treatment id="03AC87E94556FFA9FF28FA24FBB00DF6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6951981" ID-GBIF-Taxon="198475013" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6951981" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AC87E94556FFA9FF28FA24FBB00DF6" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AC87E94556FFA9FF28FA24FBB00DF6" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="32" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">
<subSubSection id="C31F65744556FFAAFF28FA24FC250FFF" box="[136,907,1505,1532]" pageId="8" pageNumber="29" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BBA36FF4556FFAAFF28FA24FC250FFF" blockId="8.[136,907,1505,1532]" box="[136,907,1505,1532]" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">
<heading id="D0F281934556FFAAFF28FA24FC250FFF" box="[136,907,1505,1532]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="29" reason="3">
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<taxonomicName id="4C054D7C4556FFAAFF28FA24FE330FF8" authority="Stone &amp; Wilson &amp; Jovanovska, 2022" authorityName="Stone &amp; Wilson &amp; Jovanovska" authorityYear="2022" box="[136,413,1505,1532]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Cymbellaceae" genus="Afrocymbella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Cymbellales" pageId="8" pageNumber="29" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="delphinea" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B971EAED4556FFAAFF28FA24FE330FF8" bold="true" box="[136,413,1505,1532]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">Afrocymbella delphinea</emphasis>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24257964556FFAAFE03FA27FE560FFF" box="[419,504,1506,1531]" pageId="8" pageNumber="29" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(LM
<figureCitation id="133E2A7A4556FFAAFD99FA24FD160FFF" box="[569,696,1505,1531]" captionStart="FIGURES 6080" captionStartId="11.[136,243,1543,1565]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,190,1519]" captionTargetId="figure-18@11.[151,1436,190,1519]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 6080. Afrocymbella delphinea sp. nov., LM valve views. 6063, 6580. Valves from the type material. Fig. 74. Holotype specimen. Scale bar = 10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6951999" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6951999/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">Figs 6080</figureCitation>
, SEM
<figureCitation id="133E2A7A4556FFAAFCA5FA24FC2D0FFF" box="[773,899,1505,1531]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 8183" captionStart-1="FIGURES 8486" captionStartId-0="12.[136,243,1956,1978]" captionStartId-1="13.[136,243,1956,1978]" captionTargetBox-0="[202,1386,190,1932]" captionTargetBox-1="[202,1386,190,1932]" captionTargetId-0="figure-30@12.[202,1386,190,1932]" captionTargetId-1="figure-18@13.[202,1386,190,1932]" captionTargetPageId-0="12" captionTargetPageId-1="13" captionText-0="FIGURES 8183. Afrocymbella delphinea sp. nov., SEM external valve views. 81. View of the whole valve showing raphe structure, and striae continue uninterrupted onto valve mantle. 82. Close view of the mid-valve showing dorsally deflected proximal raphe ends and slightly round to slightly elongated single stigmoid on the dorsal side of slightly elongated central nodule. 83. Detail of valve apex showing the slit-like areolae and APF of round poroids. Scale bars = 10 μm (Fig. 81), 2 μm (Figs 82, 83)." captionText-1="FIGURES 8486. Afrocymbella delphinea sp. nov., SEM internal valve views. 84. View of the whole valve showing raphe structure and areolae without velum. 85. Detail of mid-valve showing proximal raphe ends covered by flap-like silica development and antler-like intermissio stigmoid. 86. Close view of distal raphe terminal fissure and APF with knobby jointed ridge of silica. Scale bars = 5 μm (Fig. 84), 2 μm (Figs 8586)." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6952001" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6952006" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/6952001/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/6952006/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">Figs 8186</figureCitation>
)
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31F65744556FFAAFF28F9E7FCB8022E" pageId="8" pageNumber="29" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BBA36FF4556FFAAFF28F9E7FCB8022E" blockId="8.[136,1452,1570,2090]" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis id="B971EAED4556FFAAFF28F9E7FE960C38" bold="true" box="[136,312,1570,1596]" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">Description:—</emphasis>
Valve length 2745 μm, valve breadth 10.513.5 μm. Length to breadth ratio: 3.8. Valves distinctly dorsiventral, and strongly heteropolar, semirhomboid-lanceolate (
<figureCitation id="133E2A7A4556FFAAFC29F980FBBA0C5B" box="[905,1044,1605,1631]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 6080" captionStart-1="FIGURES 8183" captionStart-2="FIGURES 8486" captionStartId-0="11.[136,243,1543,1565]" captionStartId-1="12.[136,243,1956,1978]" captionStartId-2="13.[136,243,1956,1978]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1436,190,1519]" captionTargetBox-1="[202,1386,190,1932]" captionTargetBox-2="[202,1386,190,1932]" captionTargetId-0="figure-18@11.[151,1436,190,1519]" captionTargetId-1="figure-30@12.[202,1386,190,1932]" captionTargetId-2="figure-18@13.[202,1386,190,1932]" captionTargetPageId-0="11" captionTargetPageId-1="12" captionTargetPageId-2="13" captionText-0="FIGURES 6080. Afrocymbella delphinea sp. nov., LM valve views. 6063, 6580. Valves from the type material. Fig. 74. Holotype specimen. Scale bar = 10 μm." captionText-1="FIGURES 8183. Afrocymbella delphinea sp. nov., SEM external valve views. 81. View of the whole valve showing raphe structure, and striae continue uninterrupted onto valve mantle. 82. Close view of the mid-valve showing dorsally deflected proximal raphe ends and slightly round to slightly elongated single stigmoid on the dorsal side of slightly elongated central nodule. 83. Detail of valve apex showing the slit-like areolae and APF of round poroids. Scale bars = 10 μm (Fig. 81), 2 μm (Figs 82, 83)." captionText-2="FIGURES 8486. Afrocymbella delphinea sp. nov., SEM internal valve views. 84. View of the whole valve showing raphe structure and areolae without velum. 85. Detail of mid-valve showing proximal raphe ends covered by flap-like silica development and antler-like intermissio stigmoid. 86. Close view of distal raphe terminal fissure and APF with knobby jointed ridge of silica. Scale bars = 5 μm (Fig. 84), 2 μm (Figs 8586)." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6951999" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6952001" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6952006" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/6951999/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/6952001/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/6952006/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">Figs 6086</figureCitation>
). Dorsal margin distinctly arched, ventral margin tumescent (
<figureCitation id="133E2A7A4556FFAAFE10F9ADFD9C0C86" box="[432,562,1640,1666]" captionStart="FIGURES 6080" captionStartId="11.[136,243,1543,1565]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,190,1519]" captionTargetId="figure-18@11.[151,1436,190,1519]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 6080. Afrocymbella delphinea sp. nov., LM valve views. 6063, 6580. Valves from the type material. Fig. 74. Holotype specimen. Scale bar = 10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6951999" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6951999/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">Figs 6080</figureCitation>
). Valve apices apiculate-rostrate, with rostrate headpole and protracted footpole, particularly in smaller specimens (
<figureCitation id="133E2A7A4556FFAAFDB2F949FD390CA2" box="[530,663,1676,1702]" captionStart="FIGURES 6080" captionStartId="11.[136,243,1543,1565]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,190,1519]" captionTargetId="figure-18@11.[151,1436,190,1519]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 6080. Afrocymbella delphinea sp. nov., LM valve views. 6063, 6580. Valves from the type material. Fig. 74. Holotype specimen. Scale bar = 10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6951999" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6951999/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">Figs 6080</figureCitation>
). Internally, valve apices with small to indistinguishable pseudosepta (
<figureCitation id="133E2A7A4556FFAAFF30F96AFEBD0CCD" box="[144,275,1711,1737]" captionStart="FIGURES 8486" captionStartId="13.[136,243,1956,1978]" captionTargetBox="[202,1386,190,1932]" captionTargetId="figure-18@13.[202,1386,190,1932]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 8486. Afrocymbella delphinea sp. nov., SEM internal valve views. 84. View of the whole valve showing raphe structure and areolae without velum. 85. Detail of mid-valve showing proximal raphe ends covered by flap-like silica development and antler-like intermissio stigmoid. 86. Close view of distal raphe terminal fissure and APF with knobby jointed ridge of silica. Scale bars = 5 μm (Fig. 84), 2 μm (Figs 8586)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6952006" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6952006/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">Figs 84, 86</figureCitation>
). APF of round poroids present at footpole (
<figureCitation id="133E2A7A4556FFAAFCA3F96AFCF80CCD" box="[771,854,1711,1737]" captionStart="FIGURES 8183" captionStartId="12.[136,243,1956,1978]" captionTargetBox="[202,1386,190,1932]" captionTargetId="figure-30@12.[202,1386,190,1932]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 8183. Afrocymbella delphinea sp. nov., SEM external valve views. 81. View of the whole valve showing raphe structure, and striae continue uninterrupted onto valve mantle. 82. Close view of the mid-valve showing dorsally deflected proximal raphe ends and slightly round to slightly elongated single stigmoid on the dorsal side of slightly elongated central nodule. 83. Detail of valve apex showing the slit-like areolae and APF of round poroids. Scale bars = 10 μm (Fig. 81), 2 μm (Figs 82, 83)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6952001" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6952001/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">Fig. 83</figureCitation>
), covered internally by knobby jointed ridge of silica (
<figureCitation id="133E2A7A4556FFAAFF30F917FF4D0CE8" box="[144,227,1746,1772]" captionStart="FIGURES 8486" captionStartId="13.[136,243,1956,1978]" captionTargetBox="[202,1386,190,1932]" captionTargetId="figure-18@13.[202,1386,190,1932]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 8486. Afrocymbella delphinea sp. nov., SEM internal valve views. 84. View of the whole valve showing raphe structure and areolae without velum. 85. Detail of mid-valve showing proximal raphe ends covered by flap-like silica development and antler-like intermissio stigmoid. 86. Close view of distal raphe terminal fissure and APF with knobby jointed ridge of silica. Scale bars = 5 μm (Fig. 84), 2 μm (Figs 8586)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6952006" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6952006/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">Fig. 86</figureCitation>
). Axial area narrow, curved, slightly displaced ventrally (
<figureCitation id="133E2A7A4556FFAAFCFAF917FC720CE8" box="[858,988,1746,1772]" captionStart="FIGURES 6080" captionStartId="11.[136,243,1543,1565]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,190,1519]" captionTargetId="figure-18@11.[151,1436,190,1519]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 6080. Afrocymbella delphinea sp. nov., LM valve views. 6063, 6580. Valves from the type material. Fig. 74. Holotype specimen. Scale bar = 10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6951999" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6951999/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">Figs 6080</figureCitation>
). Central area small, oval-shaped, notably wider on dorsal side and often minimal on ventral side (
<figureCitation id="133E2A7A4556FFAAFD5FF930FCFA0D0B" box="[767,852,1781,1807]" captionStart="FIGURES 8183" captionStartId="12.[136,243,1956,1978]" captionTargetBox="[202,1386,190,1932]" captionTargetId="figure-30@12.[202,1386,190,1932]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 8183. Afrocymbella delphinea sp. nov., SEM external valve views. 81. View of the whole valve showing raphe structure, and striae continue uninterrupted onto valve mantle. 82. Close view of the mid-valve showing dorsally deflected proximal raphe ends and slightly round to slightly elongated single stigmoid on the dorsal side of slightly elongated central nodule. 83. Detail of valve apex showing the slit-like areolae and APF of round poroids. Scale bars = 10 μm (Fig. 81), 2 μm (Figs 82, 83)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6952001" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6952001/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">Fig. 82</figureCitation>
). Single (rarely 2) distinct stigmoid present on dorsal side of central nodule (
<figureCitation id="133E2A7A4556FFAAFE35F8DDFE400D37" box="[405,494,1816,1843]" captionStart="FIGURES 8183" captionStartId="12.[136,243,1956,1978]" captionTargetBox="[202,1386,190,1932]" captionTargetId="figure-30@12.[202,1386,190,1932]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 8183. Afrocymbella delphinea sp. nov., SEM external valve views. 81. View of the whole valve showing raphe structure, and striae continue uninterrupted onto valve mantle. 82. Close view of the mid-valve showing dorsally deflected proximal raphe ends and slightly round to slightly elongated single stigmoid on the dorsal side of slightly elongated central nodule. 83. Detail of valve apex showing the slit-like areolae and APF of round poroids. Scale bars = 10 μm (Fig. 81), 2 μm (Figs 82, 83)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6952001" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6952001/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">Figs 82</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="133E2A7A4556FFAAFE5DF8DCFDB20D37" box="[509,540,1817,1843]" captionStart="FIGURES 8486" captionStartId="13.[136,243,1956,1978]" captionTargetBox="[202,1386,190,1932]" captionTargetId="figure-18@13.[202,1386,190,1932]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 8486. Afrocymbella delphinea sp. nov., SEM internal valve views. 84. View of the whole valve showing raphe structure and areolae without velum. 85. Detail of mid-valve showing proximal raphe ends covered by flap-like silica development and antler-like intermissio stigmoid. 86. Close view of distal raphe terminal fissure and APF with knobby jointed ridge of silica. Scale bars = 5 μm (Fig. 84), 2 μm (Figs 8586)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6952006" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6952006/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">84</figureCitation>
), appearing slightly elongated in LM (
<figureCitation id="133E2A7A4556FFAAFC7DF8DDFB9D0D36" box="[989,1075,1816,1842]" captionStart="FIGURES 6080" captionStartId="11.[136,243,1543,1565]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,190,1519]" captionTargetId="figure-18@11.[151,1436,190,1519]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 6080. Afrocymbella delphinea sp. nov., LM valve views. 6063, 6580. Valves from the type material. Fig. 74. Holotype specimen. Scale bar = 10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6951999" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6951999/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">Fig. 61</figureCitation>
). From inside, stigmoid opening with elongated slit (
<figureCitation id="133E2A7A4556FFAAFEC8F8F9FE130D52" box="[360,445,1851,1878]" captionStart="FIGURES 8486" captionStartId="13.[136,243,1956,1978]" captionTargetBox="[202,1386,190,1932]" captionTargetId="figure-18@13.[202,1386,190,1932]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 8486. Afrocymbella delphinea sp. nov., SEM internal valve views. 84. View of the whole valve showing raphe structure and areolae without velum. 85. Detail of mid-valve showing proximal raphe ends covered by flap-like silica development and antler-like intermissio stigmoid. 86. Close view of distal raphe terminal fissure and APF with knobby jointed ridge of silica. Scale bars = 5 μm (Fig. 84), 2 μm (Figs 8586)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6952006" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6952006/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">Fig. 85</figureCitation>
). Raphe curved and slightly sinusoidal (
<figureCitation id="133E2A7A4556FFAAFC22F8F9FC790D52" box="[898,983,1852,1878]" captionStart="FIGURES 8183" captionStartId="12.[136,243,1956,1978]" captionTargetBox="[202,1386,190,1932]" captionTargetId="figure-30@12.[202,1386,190,1932]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 8183. Afrocymbella delphinea sp. nov., SEM external valve views. 81. View of the whole valve showing raphe structure, and striae continue uninterrupted onto valve mantle. 82. Close view of the mid-valve showing dorsally deflected proximal raphe ends and slightly round to slightly elongated single stigmoid on the dorsal side of slightly elongated central nodule. 83. Detail of valve apex showing the slit-like areolae and APF of round poroids. Scale bars = 10 μm (Fig. 81), 2 μm (Figs 82, 83)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6952001" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6952001/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">Fig. 81</figureCitation>
). External proximal raphe ends expanded into small pores (
<figureCitation id="133E2A7A4556FFAAFEEDF89AFE0D0D7D" box="[333,419,1887,1913]" captionStart="FIGURES 8183" captionStartId="12.[136,243,1956,1978]" captionTargetBox="[202,1386,190,1932]" captionTargetId="figure-30@12.[202,1386,190,1932]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 8183. Afrocymbella delphinea sp. nov., SEM external valve views. 81. View of the whole valve showing raphe structure, and striae continue uninterrupted onto valve mantle. 82. Close view of the mid-valve showing dorsally deflected proximal raphe ends and slightly round to slightly elongated single stigmoid on the dorsal side of slightly elongated central nodule. 83. Detail of valve apex showing the slit-like areolae and APF of round poroids. Scale bars = 10 μm (Fig. 81), 2 μm (Figs 82, 83)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6952001" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6952001/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">Fig. 82</figureCitation>
). External distal raphe terminal fissures ventrally deflected (
<figureCitation id="133E2A7A4556FFAAFBEEF89AFB7C0D7D" box="[1102,1234,1887,1913]" captionStart="FIGURES 8183" captionStartId="12.[136,243,1956,1978]" captionTargetBox="[202,1386,190,1932]" captionTargetId="figure-30@12.[202,1386,190,1932]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 8183. Afrocymbella delphinea sp. nov., SEM external valve views. 81. View of the whole valve showing raphe structure, and striae continue uninterrupted onto valve mantle. 82. Close view of the mid-valve showing dorsally deflected proximal raphe ends and slightly round to slightly elongated single stigmoid on the dorsal side of slightly elongated central nodule. 83. Detail of valve apex showing the slit-like areolae and APF of round poroids. Scale bars = 10 μm (Fig. 81), 2 μm (Figs 82, 83)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6952001" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6952001/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">Figs 81, 83</figureCitation>
). Internal proximal raphe ends covered by nodular or flap-like silica development formed by primary side of valve (
<figureCitation id="133E2A7A4556FFAAFB1EF847FAEE0D99" box="[1214,1344,1922,1949]" captionStart="FIGURES 8486" captionStartId="13.[136,243,1956,1978]" captionTargetBox="[202,1386,190,1932]" captionTargetId="figure-18@13.[202,1386,190,1932]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 8486. Afrocymbella delphinea sp. nov., SEM internal valve views. 84. View of the whole valve showing raphe structure and areolae without velum. 85. Detail of mid-valve showing proximal raphe ends covered by flap-like silica development and antler-like intermissio stigmoid. 86. Close view of distal raphe terminal fissure and APF with knobby jointed ridge of silica. Scale bars = 5 μm (Fig. 84), 2 μm (Figs 8586)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6952006" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6952006/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">Figs 84, 85</figureCitation>
). Internal distal raphe terminal fissures slightly elevated into small lobed helictoglossa at some distance from valve apices (
<figureCitation id="133E2A7A4556FFAAFADEF860FF060DE6" captionStart="FIGURES 8486" captionStartId="13.[136,243,1956,1978]" captionTargetBox="[202,1386,190,1932]" captionTargetId="figure-18@13.[202,1386,190,1932]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 8486. Afrocymbella delphinea sp. nov., SEM internal valve views. 84. View of the whole valve showing raphe structure and areolae without velum. 85. Detail of mid-valve showing proximal raphe ends covered by flap-like silica development and antler-like intermissio stigmoid. 86. Close view of distal raphe terminal fissure and APF with knobby jointed ridge of silica. Scale bars = 5 μm (Fig. 84), 2 μm (Figs 8586)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6952006" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6952006/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">Fig. 86</figureCitation>
). Striae radiate throughout, but can be slightly radiate-curved in central area,
<quantity id="4CFD9B1A4556FFAAFB92F80DFB370DE6" box="[1074,1177,1992,2018]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.572" metricValueMax="5.08" metricValueMin="4.064" pageId="8" pageNumber="29" unit="in" value="18.0" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="16.0">1620 in</quantity>
10 μm. Striae continue uninterrupted onto valve mantle (
<figureCitation id="133E2A7A4556FFAAFE58F829FDE70202" box="[504,585,2028,2054]" captionStart="FIGURES 8183" captionStartId="12.[136,243,1956,1978]" captionTargetBox="[202,1386,190,1932]" captionTargetId="figure-30@12.[202,1386,190,1932]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 8183. Afrocymbella delphinea sp. nov., SEM external valve views. 81. View of the whole valve showing raphe structure, and striae continue uninterrupted onto valve mantle. 82. Close view of the mid-valve showing dorsally deflected proximal raphe ends and slightly round to slightly elongated single stigmoid on the dorsal side of slightly elongated central nodule. 83. Detail of valve apex showing the slit-like areolae and APF of round poroids. Scale bars = 10 μm (Fig. 81), 2 μm (Figs 82, 83)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6952001" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6952001/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">Fig. 81</figureCitation>
), composed of 2632 areolae in 10 μm. External areolae slit-like poroids (
<figureCitation id="133E2A7A4556FFAAFAD9F829FF7F022E" captionStart="FIGURES 8183" captionStartId="12.[136,243,1956,1978]" captionTargetBox="[202,1386,190,1932]" captionTargetId="figure-30@12.[202,1386,190,1932]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 8183. Afrocymbella delphinea sp. nov., SEM external valve views. 81. View of the whole valve showing raphe structure, and striae continue uninterrupted onto valve mantle. 82. Close view of the mid-valve showing dorsally deflected proximal raphe ends and slightly round to slightly elongated single stigmoid on the dorsal side of slightly elongated central nodule. 83. Detail of valve apex showing the slit-like areolae and APF of round poroids. Scale bars = 10 μm (Fig. 81), 2 μm (Figs 82, 83)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6952001" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6952001/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">Figs 81, 83</figureCitation>
). Internal areolae ellipsoid without velum (
<figureCitation id="133E2A7A4556FFAAFD15F7D5FCA7022E" box="[693,777,2064,2090]" captionStart="FIGURES 8486" captionStartId="13.[136,243,1956,1978]" captionTargetBox="[202,1386,190,1932]" captionTargetId="figure-18@13.[202,1386,190,1932]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 8486. Afrocymbella delphinea sp. nov., SEM internal valve views. 84. View of the whole valve showing raphe structure and areolae without velum. 85. Detail of mid-valve showing proximal raphe ends covered by flap-like silica development and antler-like intermissio stigmoid. 86. Close view of distal raphe terminal fissure and APF with knobby jointed ridge of silica. Scale bars = 5 μm (Fig. 84), 2 μm (Figs 8586)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6952006" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6952006/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">Fig. 84</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF7A66774557FFABFF28F992FED40CDD" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6951995" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6951995" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6951995/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="30" startId="9.[136,243,1623,1645]" targetBox="[151,1435,190,1599]" targetPageId="9">
<paragraph id="8BBA36FF4557FFABFF28F992FED40CDD" blockId="9.[136,1452,1623,1753]" pageId="9" pageNumber="30">
<emphasis id="B971EAED4557FFABFF28F992FE9A0C68" bold="true" box="[136,308,1623,1645]" pageId="9" pageNumber="30">FIGURES 5456</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B971EAED4557FFABFE9FF992FDF10C69" box="[319,607,1623,1645]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="30">
<taxonomicName id="4C054D7C4557FFABFE9FF992FDBF0C69" authority="Stone &amp; Wilson &amp; Jovanovska, 2022" authorityName="Stone &amp; Wilson &amp; Jovanovska" authorityYear="2022" box="[319,529,1623,1645]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Cymbellaceae" genus="Afrocymbella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Cymbellales" pageId="9" pageNumber="30" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="nyassae" status="sp. nov.">Afrocymbella nyassae</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24257964557FFABFDB6F99DFDF10C69" box="[534,607,1624,1645]" pageId="9" pageNumber="30" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, SEM external valve views. 54. Half-valve showing uniseriate striae and single stigmoid positioned distally from the round, slightly asymmetric central area. 55. View of the whole valve showing raphe structure and striae continuing onto valve mantle. 56. Close view of distal raphe terminal fissure and APF of round poroids. Scale bars = 5 μm (Fig. 54), 2 μm (Fig. 55), 1 μm (Fig. 56).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF7A66774554FFA8FF28F94EFB0E0D09" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6951997" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6951997" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6951997/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="31" startId="10.[136,243,1675,1697]" targetBox="[151,1435,190,1651]" targetPageId="10">
<paragraph id="8BBA36FF4554FFA8FF28F94EFB0E0D09" blockId="10.[136,1452,1675,1805]" pageId="10" pageNumber="31">
<emphasis id="B971EAED4554FFA8FF28F94EFE920CA4" bold="true" box="[136,316,1675,1697]" pageId="10" pageNumber="31">FIGURES 5759.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B971EAED4554FFA8FEE3F94EFDC60CA5" box="[323,616,1675,1697]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="31">
<taxonomicName id="4C054D7C4554FFA8FEE3F94EFDB90CA5" authority="Stone &amp; Wilson &amp; Jovanovska, 2022" authorityName="Stone &amp; Wilson &amp; Jovanovska" authorityYear="2022" box="[323,535,1675,1697]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Cymbellaceae" genus="Afrocymbella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Cymbellales" pageId="10" pageNumber="31" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="nyassae" status="sp. nov.">Afrocymbella nyassae</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24257964554FFA8FDBEF949FDC60CA5" box="[542,616,1676,1697]" pageId="10" pageNumber="31" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, SEM internal valve views. 57. View of the whole valve showing raphe structure and areolae without velum. 58. Detail of mid-valve of a broken valve showing proximal raphe ends covered by flap-like silica development and antler-like intermissio stigmoid. 59. Close view of valve apices showing APF with knobby jointed ridge of silica (white arrow) and distal raphe fissures slightly raised into small helictoglossae. Scale bars = 5 μm (Figs 5758), 2 μm (Fig. 59).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF7A66774555FFA9FF28F9C2FE0B0C45" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6951999" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6951999" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6951999/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="32" startId="11.[136,243,1543,1565]" targetBox="[151,1436,190,1519]" targetPageId="11">
<paragraph id="8BBA36FF4555FFA9FF28F9C2FE0B0C45" blockId="11.[136,1451,1543,1602]" pageId="11" pageNumber="32">
<emphasis id="B971EAED4555FFA9FF28F9C2FE920C19" bold="true" box="[136,316,1543,1565]" pageId="11" pageNumber="32">FIGURES 6080.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B971EAED4555FFA9FEE5F9CDFDD10C19" box="[325,639,1544,1565]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="32">
<taxonomicName id="4C054D7C4555FFA9FEE5F9CDFD820C19" authority="Stone &amp; Wilson &amp; Jovanovska, 2022" authorityName="Stone &amp; Wilson &amp; Jovanovska" authorityYear="2022" box="[325,556,1544,1565]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Cymbellaceae" genus="Afrocymbella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Cymbellales" pageId="11" pageNumber="32" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="delphinea" status="sp. nov.">Afrocymbella delphinea</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24257964555FFA9FD93F9CDFDD10C19" box="[563,639,1544,1565]" pageId="11" pageNumber="32" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, LM valve views. 6063, 6580. Valves from the type material. Fig. 74. Holotype specimen. Scale bar = 10 μm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C31F65744555FFA9FF1DF9B5FB450D1F" pageId="11" pageNumber="32" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BBA36FF4555FFA9FF1DF9B5FF780CF2" blockId="11.[136,1452,1648,2034]" pageId="11" pageNumber="32">
<emphasis id="B971EAED4555FFA9FF1DF9B5FEB00C8E" bold="true" box="[189,286,1648,1674]" pageId="11" pageNumber="32">Type:—</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B6D3CA24555FFA9FEBDF9B5FF7C0CF2" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3874591304" collectingDate="2018-09-07" collectionCode="ANSGC" collectorName="E. Jovanovska &amp; P. Hamilton" country="Zambia" elevation="767" latitude="-8.654416" location="Lake Tanganyika" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="31.19211" municipality="Isanga Bay" pageId="11" pageNumber="32" specimenCode="ANSGC17196" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingCountry id="F312766F4555FFA9FEBDF9B5FDE70C8E" box="[285,585,1648,1674]" name="Zambia" pageId="11" pageNumber="32">REPUBLIC OF ZAMBIA</collectingCountry>
.
<location id="8EDA60244555FFA9FDF3F9B5FCB90C8E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AC87E94556FFA9FF28FA24FBB00DF6:8EDA60244555FFA9FDF3F9B5FCB90C8E" box="[595,791,1648,1674]" country="Zambia" latitude="-8.654416" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="31.19211" municipality="Isanga Bay" name="Lake Tanganyika" pageId="11" pageNumber="32">Lake Tanganyika</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BDEAC854555FFA9FC82F9B4FC0E0C8F" box="[802,928,1649,1675]" pageId="11" pageNumber="32">Isanga Bay</collectingMunicipality>
, at
<quantity id="4CFD9B1A4555FFA9FC67F9B5FBA00C8F" box="[967,1038,1648,1675]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.67" pageId="11" pageNumber="32" unit="m" value="767.0">
<elevation id="0028D1CC4555FFA9FC67F9B5FBA00C8F" box="[967,1038,1648,1675]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.67" pageId="11" pageNumber="32" unit="m" value="767.0">767 m</elevation>
</quantity>
elevation, rock scrape,
<geoCoordinate id="EE3150384555FFA9FAB9F9B5FA020C8E" box="[1305,1452,1648,1675]" degrees="8" direction="south" minutes="39" orientation="latitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="32" precision="1" seconds="15.9" value="-8.654416">8°3915.9” S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE3150384555FFA9FF28F951FE820CAB" box="[136,300,1684,1711]" degrees="31" direction="east" minutes="11" orientation="longitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="32" precision="1" seconds="31.6" value="31.19211">31°1131.6” E</geoCoordinate>
,
<emphasis id="B971EAED4555FFA9FE9AF951FCCC0CAA" box="[314,866,1684,1711]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="32">
<collectorName id="26F053294555FFA9FE9AF951FE7B0CAA" box="[314,469,1684,1710]" pageId="11" pageNumber="32">E.Jovanovska</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="26F053294555FFA9FE5BF951FDD20CAA" box="[507,636,1684,1710]" pageId="11" pageNumber="32">P.Hamilton</collectorName>
,
<date id="FFBB103F4555FFA9FD29F950FD390CAB" box="[649,663,1685,1711]" pageId="11" pageNumber="32" value="2018-09-07">
<collectingDate id="EFFFE9D74555FFA9FD29F950FD390CAB" box="[649,663,1685,1711]" pageId="11" pageNumber="32" value="2018-09-07">7</collectingDate>
</date>
<superScript id="7C709BB74555FFA9FD37F951FD0A0CA6" attach="left" box="[663,676,1684,1698]" fontSize="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="32">th</superScript>
September 2018
</emphasis>
, (
<typeStatus id="54BE885D4555FFA9FCD9F951FC730CAA" box="[889,989,1684,1710]" pageId="11" pageNumber="32" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
designated here, circled specimen
<specimenCode id="DBA39E844555FFA9FACAF951FF550CD6" collectionCode="ANSGC" pageId="11" pageNumber="32">ANSGC17196</specimenCode>
! =
<figureCitation id="133E2A7A4555FFA9FEBDF97DFEC10CD6" box="[285,367,1720,1746]" captionStart="FIGURES 6080" captionStartId="11.[136,243,1543,1565]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,190,1519]" captionTargetId="figure-18@11.[151,1436,190,1519]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 6080. Afrocymbella delphinea sp. nov., LM valve views. 6063, 6580. Valves from the type material. Fig. 74. Holotype specimen. Scale bar = 10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6951999" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6951999/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="32">Fig. 74</figureCitation>
, isotypes circled specimens ANS-GC17197!, BM-101979!). Cleaned type materials: ANS-GCM 33027
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBA36FF4555FFA9FF1DF8C5FB450D1F" blockId="11.[136,1452,1648,2034]" box="[189,1259,1792,1819]" pageId="11" pageNumber="32">Registration: https://zoobank.org/NomenclaturalActs/6d108e31-d99a-4a74-b574-02f8fbc27ed9</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31F65744555FFA9FF1DF8E1FF4F0D66" pageId="11" pageNumber="32" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BBA36FF4555FFA9FF1DF8E1FF4F0D66" blockId="11.[136,1452,1648,2034]" pageId="11" pageNumber="32">
<emphasis id="B971EAED4555FFA9FF1DF8E1FECA0D3A" bold="true" box="[189,356,1828,1854]" pageId="11" pageNumber="32">Etymology:—</emphasis>
The specific epithet
<taxonomicName id="4C054D7C4555FFA9FDEFF8E1FD130D3A" authorityName="Stone &amp; Wilson &amp; Jovanovska" authorityYear="2022" box="[591,701,1828,1854]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Cymbellaceae" genus="Afrocymbella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Cymbellales" pageId="11" pageNumber="32" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="delphinea">
<emphasis id="B971EAED4555FFA9FDEFF8E1FD130D3A" box="[591,701,1828,1854]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="32">delphinea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
relates to the delphine (dolphin-like) outline that characterizes this species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31F65744555FFA9FF1DF8A9FBB00DF6" pageId="11" pageNumber="32" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BBA36FF4555FFA9FF1DF8A9FBB00DF6" blockId="11.[136,1452,1648,2034]" pageId="11" pageNumber="32">
<emphasis id="B971EAED4555FFA9FF1DF8A9FEDB0D82" bold="true" box="[189,373,1900,1926]" pageId="11" pageNumber="32">Distribution:—</emphasis>
To date,
<emphasis id="B971EAED4555FFA9FE72F8A9FC9D0D82" box="[466,819,1900,1926]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="32">
<taxonomicName id="4C054D7C4555FFA9FE72F8A9FD750D82" authority="Stone &amp; Wilson &amp; Jovanovska, 2022" authorityName="Stone &amp; Wilson &amp; Jovanovska" authorityYear="2022" box="[466,731,1900,1926]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Cymbellaceae" genus="Afrocymbella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Cymbellales" pageId="11" pageNumber="32" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="delphinea" status="sp. nov.">Afrocymbella delphinea</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24257964555FFA9FD40F8A8FC9D0D82" box="[736,819,1901,1926]" pageId="11" pageNumber="32" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
has been observed most commonly as an epilithic species attached on rocks in the littoral zones in the southern sub-basin of Lake Tanganyika. We observed this species at sites from Mpulungu (Mp), Chituta (Ch/Cb), Isanga (Is), and near the Kalambo Falls. We also found this species occurring in samples from Chembe (Cm) in the southern sub-basin of Lake
<collectingCountry id="F312766F4555FFA9FCC7F81DFC130DF6" box="[871,957,2008,2034]" name="Malawi" pageId="11" pageNumber="32">Malawi</collectingCountry>
(
<figureCitation id="133E2A7A4555FFA9FC6CF81DFBA30DF6" box="[972,1037,2008,2034]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[136,229,2013,2035]" captionTargetBox="[311,1276,350,1986]" captionTargetId="figure-119@2.[311,1276,350,1986]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Map of the lakes Tanganyika and Malawi, showing the sampling locations of modern (red circles) and fossil (cores MAL05- 1C and NPO4-KH1-1K; white circles) specimens used in this study." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6951975" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6951975/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="32">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>