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<document id="B2B9D452D1BE119F1C0A95C31E98FBC3" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.184950" ID-GBIF-Dataset="b652166d-e8aa-4d19-89b3-74ce8634d436" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="184950" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460041670198" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Kehlmaier, Christian &amp; Assmann, Thorsten" docDate="2008" docId="367D87D6FFD38D65FF78FCBAFD0EE7E0" docLanguage="en" docName="zt01936p039.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1936" docStyle="DocumentStyle:6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0.4:Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleId="6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Chalarus argenteus Coe 1966" docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="18" masterDocId="CA44FFAEFFC28D74FFEFFFEDFFD2E12A" masterDocTitle="The European species of Chalarus Walker, 1834 revisited (Diptera: Pipunculidae)" masterLastPageNumber="39" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="18" updateTime="1698234417507" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="32172B82EE668AB8FCAC316D9980900B">The European species of Chalarus Walker, 1834 revisited (Diptera: Pipunculidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="C18252DED955098D53D387ED75202301">Kehlmaier, Christian</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="A3F8312D7BA8CF205400487B536C3E60">Assmann, Thorsten</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="547ED0527FEB0FBD0E143ED08B06B6FC">2008</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="6085531799431DA91A58D65389F4759C">1936</mods:number>
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<treatment id="367D87D6FFD38D65FF78FCBAFD0EE7E0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5622198" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119382716" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5622198" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:367D87D6FFD38D65FF78FCBAFD0EE7E0" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/367D87D6FFD38D65FF78FCBAFD0EE7E0" lastPageNumber="18" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<subSubSection id="F6CE654BFFD38D65FF78FCBAFDD4E25B" box="[151,518,855,881]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="BE6B36C0FFD38D65FF78FCBAFDD4E25B" blockId="17.[151,518,855,881]" box="[151,518,855,881]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<heading id="E52381ACFFD38D65FF78FCBAFDD4E25B" bold="true" box="[151,518,855,881]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="79D44D43FFD38D65FF78FCBAFDD4E25B" ID-CoL="TFJJ" authority="Coe, 1966" authorityName="Coe" authorityYear="1966" box="[151,518,855,881]" class="Insecta" family="Pipunculidae" genus="Chalarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="argenteus">
<emphasis id="8CA0EAD2FFD38D65FF78FCBAFDD4E25B" bold="true" box="[151,518,855,881]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<emphasis id="8CA0EAD2FFD38D65FF78FCBAFE57E25B" bold="true" box="[151,389,855,881]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Chalarus argenteus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="DA454B31FFD38D65FE63FCBAFDD4E25B" author="Coe" box="[396,518,855,881]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" refString="Coe, R. L. (1966) Some British species of Chalarus and Verrallia (Diptera: Pipunculidae). Proceedings of the Royal Entomological Society of London, Series B, Taxonomy, 35, 149 - 160." type="journal article" year="1966">Coe, 1966</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F6CE654BFFD38D65FF78FC70FDC8E29E" box="[151,538,925,948]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="BE6B36C0FFD38D65FF78FC70FDC8E29E" blockId="17.[151,538,925,948]" box="[151,538,925,948]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="9EC411EEFFD38D65FF78FC70FDC8E29E" box="[151,538,925,948]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<taxonomicName id="79D44D43FFD38D65FF78FC70FDC4E29E" ID-CoL="TFJJ" authority="Coe, 1966: 156" authorityName="Coe" authorityPageNumber="156" authorityYear="1966" box="[151,534,925,948]" class="Insecta" family="Pipunculidae" genus="Chalarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="argenteus">
<emphasis id="8CA0EAD2FFD38D65FF78FC70FEBBE29E" box="[151,361,925,948]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Chalarus argenteus</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="3F7510D1FFD38D65FE80FC70FDC4E29E" author="Coe" box="[367,534,925,948]" page="156" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" year="1966">
<bibRefCitation id="DA454B31FFD38D65FE80FC70FE32E29E" author="Coe" box="[367,480,925,948]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" refString="Coe, R. L. (1966) Some British species of Chalarus and Verrallia (Diptera: Pipunculidae). Proceedings of the Royal Entomological Society of London, Series B, Taxonomy, 35, 149 - 160." type="journal article" year="1966">Coe, 1966</bibRefCitation>
: 156
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
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</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F6CE654BFFD38D65FF78FC32FD0EE7E0" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="BE6B36C0FFD38D65FF78FC32FD04E5E8" blockId="17.[151,1437,991,1738]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<emphasis id="8CA0EAD2FFD38D65FF78FC32FECBE2D3" bold="true" box="[151,281,991,1017]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
Male unknown. Female with frontal facets moderately enlarged (J92
<figureCitation id="26EF2A45FFD38D65FBBEFC0DFB45E2D0" box="[1105,1175,992,1018]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 6" captionStartId="7.[151,269,1761,1785]" captionTargetBox="[155,1430,197,1734]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[155,1432,197,1735]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 1 6. Inner male genitalia (phallus). 1. C. fimbriatus agg.; 2. C. absconditus spec. nov.; 3. C. clarus; 4. C. immanis spec. nov.; 5. C. juliae; Abbreviations: lower ej. d., lower ejaculatory ductuli; mtdp, membranous tip of distiphallus; php, phallic processes; phs, phallic shaft; tdp, tip of distiphallus; upper ej. d., upper ejaculatory duct; 6. C. latifrons. Scale bars = 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/184951/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
A); frons at narrowest point 1.21.5 times diameter of largest frontal facet; flagellum dark brown; legs entirely dark brown; pulvilli of all legs of same size, shorter than distitarsus; hairs on femora light to mid brown in holo- and
<typeStatus id="616F8862FFD38D65FAC0FBDDFA4AE560" box="[1327,1432,1072,1098]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
; hairs on thorax and abdomen mid to dark brown; posterior/posterodorsal hair fringe on mid femora (
<figureCitation id="26EF2A45FFD38D65FAD9FBB5FA5CE558" box="[1334,1422,1112,1138]" captionStart="FIGURES 79 80" captionStartId="16.[151,269,1323,1347]" captionTargetBox="[498,1093,774,1296]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[491,1096,761,1299]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURES 79 80. Right mid femur in posterodorsal view with posterior / posterodorsal setal row (other hairs omitted) of female. 79. C. argenteus; 80. C. spurius. Scale bars = 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/184959/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 79</figureCitation>
); hind femur with apical hairs of pdsr extending as far as apex; abdominal tergites dark brown; ovipositor as in
<figureCitation id="26EF2A45FFD38D65FF78FB45FECCE5E8" box="[151,286,1192,1218]" captionStart="FIGURES 63 75" captionStartId="15.[151,269,1326,1350]" captionTargetBox="[155,1430,197,1295]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[155,1432,194,1302]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURES 63 75. Female ovipositor. 63 64. C. spurius lateral view; 65 66. C. argenteus lateral view; 67. C. spurius dorsal view; 68. C. marki spec. nov. dorsal view; 69. C. marki spec. nov. lateral view; 70. C. decorus lateral view; 71. C. indistinctus lateral view; 72. C. longicaudis lateral view; 73. C. brevicaudis lateral view; 74. C. indistinctus dorsal view; 75. C. brevicaudis dorsal view. Scale bars = 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/184957/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Figs 6566</figureCitation>
. No DNA barcode could be obtained.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BE6B36C0FFD38D65FF2AFB22FD0EE7E0" blockId="17.[151,1437,991,1738]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<emphasis id="8CA0EAD2FFD38D65FF2AFB22FEBAE5C3" bold="true" box="[197,360,1231,1257]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Annotations:</emphasis>
The
<typeStatus id="616F8862FFD38D65FE44FB3DFDC3E5C0" box="[427,529,1232,1258]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
and the
<typeStatus id="616F8862FFD38D65FD91FB3DFD31E5C0" box="[638,739,1232,1258]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="79D44D43FFD38D65FCFFFB3DFC75E5C3" box="[784,935,1232,1257]" class="Insecta" family="Pipunculidae" genus="Chalarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="argenteus">
<emphasis id="8CA0EAD2FFD38D65FCFFFB3DFC75E5C3" box="[784,935,1232,1257]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">C. argenteus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were obtained for study, as was the only reared specimen (ex.
<taxonomicName id="79D44D43FFD38D65FE72FB15FD59E43B" box="[413,651,1272,1297]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Typhlocyba" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quercus">
<emphasis id="8CA0EAD2FFD38D65FE72FB15FD59E43B" box="[413,651,1272,1297]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Typhlocyba quercus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) mentioned in
<bibRefCitation id="DA454B31FFD38D65FCA6FB15FC39E438" author="Jervis" box="[841,1003,1272,1298]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" refString="Jervis, M. A. (1992) A taxonomic revision of the pipunculid fly genus Chalarus Walker, with particular reference to the European fauna. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 105, 243 - 352." type="journal article" year="1992">Jervis (1992)</bibRefCitation>
. The abdomen of the
<typeStatus id="616F8862FFD38D65FB13FB15FAB0E438" box="[1276,1378,1272,1298]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
was removed in order to enable a detailed study of the shape of the ovipositor (
<figureCitation id="26EF2A45FFD38D65FC13FACDFB86E410" box="[1020,1108,1312,1338]" captionStart="FIGURES 63 75" captionStartId="15.[151,269,1326,1350]" captionTargetBox="[155,1430,197,1295]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[155,1432,194,1302]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURES 63 75. Female ovipositor. 63 64. C. spurius lateral view; 65 66. C. argenteus lateral view; 67. C. spurius dorsal view; 68. C. marki spec. nov. dorsal view; 69. C. marki spec. nov. lateral view; 70. C. decorus lateral view; 71. C. indistinctus lateral view; 72. C. longicaudis lateral view; 73. C. brevicaudis lateral view; 74. C. indistinctus dorsal view; 75. C. brevicaudis dorsal view. Scale bars = 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/184957/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 66</figureCitation>
). Unfortunately, the ovipositor suffered deformation in this process but its shape is still discernible. In the past, the ovipositor of the
<typeStatus id="616F8862FFD38D65FF78FA9DFF2EE4A0" box="[151,252,1392,1418]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
was dissected and placed in canada balsam. Today, the embedding medium is partly chipped off and the ovipositor lost. Based on adult morphology,
<taxonomicName id="79D44D43FFD38D65FD28FA75FC89E49B" box="[711,859,1432,1457]" class="Insecta" family="Pipunculidae" genus="Chalarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="argenteus">
<emphasis id="8CA0EAD2FFD38D65FD28FA75FC89E49B" box="[711,859,1432,1457]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">C. argenteus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
strongly resembles
<taxonomicName id="79D44D43FFD38D65FBAAFA75FB6FE49B" box="[1093,1213,1432,1457]" class="Insecta" family="Pipunculidae" genus="Cephalops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spurius">
<emphasis id="8CA0EAD2FFD38D65FBAAFA75FB6FE49B" box="[1093,1213,1432,1457]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">C. spurius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
but normally has a slightly shorter and straighter tergite 9 (ovipositors piercer), a slightly narrower frons and a slightly longer, paler and more strongly curved posterior/posterodorsal hair fringe on mid femora (compare
<figureCitation id="26EF2A45FFD38D65FAECFA05FA43E728" box="[1283,1425,1512,1538]" captionStart="FIGURES 79 80" captionStartId="16.[151,269,1323,1347]" captionTargetBox="[498,1093,774,1296]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[491,1096,761,1299]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURES 79 80. Right mid femur in posterodorsal view with posterior / posterodorsal setal row (other hairs omitted) of female. 79. C. argenteus; 80. C. spurius. Scale bars = 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/184959/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Figs 7980</figureCitation>
).
<bibRefCitation id="DA454B31FFD38D65FF78F9FDFE70E700" author="Jervis" box="[151,418,1552,1578]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" refString="Jervis, M. A. (1992) A taxonomic revision of the pipunculid fly genus Chalarus Walker, with particular reference to the European fauna. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 105, 243 - 352." type="journal article" year="1992">Jervis (1992 &amp; in litt.)</bibRefCitation>
provides convincing larval/pupal evidence for an independence of the taxon by comparing the shape of the mandibles of second instar larva of
<taxonomicName id="79D44D43FFD38D65FCA3F9D5FC32E77B" box="[844,992,1592,1617]" class="Insecta" family="Pipunculidae" genus="Chalarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="argenteus">
<emphasis id="8CA0EAD2FFD38D65FCA3F9D5FC32E77B" box="[844,992,1592,1617]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">C. argenteus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="79D44D43FFD38D65FBF5F9D5FB40E77B" box="[1050,1170,1592,1617]" class="Insecta" family="Pipunculidae" genus="Cephalops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spurius">
<emphasis id="8CA0EAD2FFD38D65FBF5F9D5FB40E77B" box="[1050,1170,1592,1617]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">C. spurius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(J92
<figureCitation id="26EF2A45FFD38D65FB24F9D5FAF1E778" box="[1227,1315,1592,1618]" captionStart="FIGURES 34 48" captionStartId="13.[151,269,1748,1772]" captionTargetBox="[155,1431,185,1721]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[155,1432,185,1722]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 34 48. Female ovipositor. 34. C. pughi ventral view; 35. C. basalis ventral view; Abbreviation: s 7, sternite 7; 36. C. pughi dorsal view; Abbreviations: t 7, tergite 7; t 8, tergite 8; t 9, tergite 9; 37. C. basalis dorsal view; 38. C. pughi lateral view; 39. C. basalis lateral view; 40. C. fimbriatus lateral view; 41. C. fimbriatus Form A lateral view; 42. C. fimbriatus Form B lateral view; 43. C. juliae dorsal view; 44. C. leticiae dorsal view; 45. C. juliae lateral view; 46. C. leticiae lateral view; 47. C. elegantulus lateral view; 48. C. latifrons lateral view. Scale bars = 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/184955/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Figs 38</figureCitation>
E &amp; QR) and the posterior spiracular plate of fully grown larva/puparium (J92
<figureCitation id="26EF2A45FFD38D65FC28F98DFBF0E750" box="[967,1058,1632,1658]" captionStart="FIGURES 34 48" captionStartId="13.[151,269,1748,1772]" captionTargetBox="[155,1431,185,1721]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[155,1432,185,1722]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 34 48. Female ovipositor. 34. C. pughi ventral view; 35. C. basalis ventral view; Abbreviation: s 7, sternite 7; 36. C. pughi dorsal view; Abbreviations: t 7, tergite 7; t 8, tergite 8; t 9, tergite 9; 37. C. basalis dorsal view; 38. C. pughi lateral view; 39. C. basalis lateral view; 40. C. fimbriatus lateral view; 41. C. fimbriatus Form A lateral view; 42. C. fimbriatus Form B lateral view; 43. C. juliae dorsal view; 44. C. leticiae dorsal view; 45. C. juliae lateral view; 46. C. leticiae lateral view; 47. C. elegantulus lateral view; 48. C. latifrons lateral view. Scale bars = 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/184955/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Figs 40</figureCitation>
B &amp; 42E). Both features clearly differ from each other — note that the upper margin of the posterior spiracular plate of
<taxonomicName id="79D44D43FFD38D65FB70F965FAE7E78B" box="[1183,1333,1672,1697]" class="Insecta" family="Pipunculidae" genus="Chalarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="argenteus">
<emphasis id="8CA0EAD2FFD38D65FB70F965FAE7E78B" box="[1183,1333,1672,1697]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">C. argenteus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is partly covered with debris and hence not clearly visible.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>