305 lines
36 KiB
XML
305 lines
36 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="6525EA54159FA92C4CF9429C07911494">Key to sessile gnesiotrochan rotifers: Families, monospecific species in Flosculariidae, species of Atrochidae, Conochilidae, and Limnias</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="3802CFCE30468D660DCF9E9B88E14036">Davies, Natalie</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="B3E245A0C33957B4A34011C48EB9630E">Department of Biology, Ripon College, Ripon, WI, 54971, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="B81D6C69667064775EE43AD3BD413067">Lafleur, Alexandre</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="6FE038D107B57440CC3457D5B6A9BA8A">Department of Biology, Ripon College, Ripon, WI, 54971, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="A41EE6B35AFC3FF764091DD1C846F4A8">Hochberg, Rick</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="0876D10562A2244EC908DABB0B1AE528">University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA, 01854, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="1884DB23C27A175F2A974F5CF0DEBF4A">Walsh, Elizabeth J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="F8EC52A0393F78710141C5ABC98EF76D">Department of Biological Sciences, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, 79968, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="8C7E7D59A41D9619168C17080963A679">Wallace, Robert L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="3D9916ED7F4755FDA9D074C2C0C18CD0">Department of Biology, Ripon College, Ripon, WI, 54971, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="4976A5BA45DAE16FFDB38BE330169AAC">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="5D090A5130BDECEB2DD145FB7BB104CC">2024</mods:date>
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<treatment id="2712827A4168FFA4FF7DD575FA95B1C2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10472024" ID-GBIF-Taxon="220641202" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10472024" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2712827A4168FFA4FF7DD575FA95B1C2" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/2712827A4168FFA4FF7DD575FA95B1C2" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="505" pageId="6" pageNumber="503">
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<subSubSection id="E7A160E74168FFAAFF7DD575FE48B457" box="[151,455,1825,1852]" pageId="6" pageNumber="503" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="AF04336C4168FFAAFF7DD575FE48B457" blockId="6.[151,455,1825,1852]" box="[151,455,1825,1852]" pageId="6" pageNumber="503">
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<heading id="F44C84004168FFAAFF7DD575FE48B457" bold="true" box="[151,455,1825,1852]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="503" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="68BB48EF4168FFAAFF7DD575FE48B457" ID-CoL="6WD" ID-ENA="1611871" authority="Bartos, 1959" authorityName="Bartos" authorityYear="1959" box="[151,455,1825,1852]" class="Eurotatoria" family="Atrochidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Collothecacea" pageId="6" pageNumber="503" phylum="Rotifera" rank="family">
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<emphasis id="9DCFEF7E4168FFAAFF7DD575FE48B457" bold="true" box="[151,455,1825,1852]" pageId="6" pageNumber="503">
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Atrochidae
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<bibRefCitation id="CB2A4E9D4168FFAAFEC0D575FE48B457" author="Bartos, E." box="[298,455,1825,1852]" pageId="6" pageNumber="503" refId="ref11738" refString="Bartos, E. (1959) Virnici - Rotatoria. Vol. 15. Fauna CSR. Nakladatelstvi Ceskoslovenske Akademie Ved, Praha, 969 pp. [in Czech]" type="book" year="1959">Bartoš, 1959</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="E7A160E74168FFABFF7DD53EFE48B2C6" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="504" pageId="6" pageNumber="503" type="description">
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<paragraph id="AF04336C4168FFABFF7DD53EFCD0B20E" blockId="6.[151,1437,1898,2033]" lastBlockId="7.[151,1437,151,609]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="504" pageId="6" pageNumber="503">
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This small, enigmatic family comprises three monospecific genera (
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<emphasis id="9DCFEF7E4168FFAAFC67D53EFBDAB4EF" box="[909,1109,1898,1924]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="503">
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<taxonomicName id="68BB48EF4168FFAAFC67D53EFC68B4EF" authorityName="Leidy" authorityYear="1882" box="[909,999,1898,1924]" class="Eurotatoria" family="Atrochidae" genus="Acyclus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Collothecacea" pageId="6" pageNumber="503" phylum="Rotifera" rank="genus">Acyclus</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="68BB48EF4168FFAAFC1BD53EFBDAB4EF" authorityName="Wierzejski" authorityYear="1893" box="[1009,1109,1898,1924]" class="Eurotatoria" family="Atrochidae" genus="Atrochus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Collothecacea" pageId="6" pageNumber="503" phylum="Rotifera" rank="genus">Atrochus</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="68BB48EF4168FFAAFB88D53EFB7FB4EF" authorityName="Forbes" authorityYear="1882" box="[1122,1264,1898,1924]" class="Eurotatoria" family="Atrochidae" genus="Cupelopagis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Collothecacea" pageId="6" pageNumber="503" phylum="Rotifera" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="9DCFEF7E4168FFAAFB88D53EFB7FB4EF" box="[1122,1264,1898,1924]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="503">Cupelopagis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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). Only
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<taxonomicName id="68BB48EF4168FFAAFAAFD53EFA13B4EF" authorityName="Leidy" authorityYear="1882" box="[1349,1436,1898,1924]" class="Eurotatoria" family="Atrochidae" genus="Acyclus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Collothecacea" pageId="6" pageNumber="503" phylum="Rotifera" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="9DCFEF7E4168FFAAFAAFD53EFA13B4EF" box="[1349,1436,1898,1924]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="503">Acyclus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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possesses a gelatinous tube. Except for
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<emphasis id="9DCFEF7E4168FFAAFDB5D5DAFD7BB4C3" box="[607,756,1934,1960]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="503">
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<taxonomicName id="68BB48EF4168FFAAFDB5D5DAFD60B4C3" authorityName="Forbes" authorityYear="1882" box="[607,751,1934,1960]" class="Eurotatoria" family="Atrochidae" genus="Cupelopagis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Collothecacea" pageId="6" pageNumber="503" phylum="Rotifera" rank="genus">Cupelopagis</taxonomicName>
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,
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</emphasis>
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relatively little is known about the biology of these forms. All possess an infundibulum that is often relatively large and gaping. All possess interesting modes of feeding.
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<taxonomicName id="68BB48EF4168FFAAFF7DD582FF61B49B" authorityName="Leidy" authorityYear="1882" box="[151,238,2006,2032]" class="Eurotatoria" family="Atrochidae" genus="Acyclus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Collothecacea" pageId="6" pageNumber="503" phylum="Rotifera" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="9DCFEF7E4168FFAAFF7DD582FF61B49B" box="[151,238,2006,2032]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="503">Acyclus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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lives within colonies of
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<taxonomicName id="68BB48EF4168FFAAFDFAD582FC44B49A" authority="(Linnaeus, 1758)" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[528,971,2006,2033]" class="Eurotatoria" family="Flosculariidae" genus="Sinantherina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Flosculariaceae" pageId="6" pageNumber="503" phylum="Rotifera" rank="species" species="socialis">
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<emphasis id="9DCFEF7E4168FFAAFDFAD582FC8FB49B" box="[528,768,2006,2032]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="503">Sinantherina socialis</emphasis>
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(Linnaeus, 1758)
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</taxonomicName>
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and occasionally
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<taxonomicName id="68BB48EF4168FFAAFB77D582FA12B49B" baseAuthorityName="Muller" baseAuthorityYear="1773" box="[1181,1437,2006,2032]" class="Eurotatoria" family="Flosculariidae" genus="Lacinularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Flosculariaceae" pageId="6" pageNumber="503" phylum="Rotifera" rank="species" species="flosculosa">
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<emphasis id="9DCFEF7E4168FFAAFB77D582FA12B49B" box="[1181,1437,2006,2032]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="503">Lacinularia flosculosa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<taxonomicName id="68BB48EF4169FFABFF75D2C3FECBB3DA" authorityName="Remane" authorityYear="1933" box="[159,324,151,177]" class="Eurotatoria" family="Flosculariidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Flosculariaceae" pageId="7" pageNumber="504" phylum="Rotifera" rank="family">Flosculariidae</taxonomicName>
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), on whose ova and larvae it feeds. Lacking an attaching foot,
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<taxonomicName id="68BB48EF4169FFABFBCDD2C3FB04B3DA" authorityName="Wierzejski" authorityYear="1893" box="[1063,1163,151,177]" class="Eurotatoria" family="Atrochidae" genus="Atrochus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Collothecacea" pageId="7" pageNumber="504" phylum="Rotifera" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="9DCFEF7E4169FFABFBCDD2C3FB04B3DA" box="[1063,1163,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="504">Atrochus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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crawls slowly over the bottom and feeds on algae. Although sessile
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<taxonomicName id="68BB48EF4169FFABFD79D2EFFCAEB3BE" authorityName="Forbes" authorityYear="1882" box="[659,801,187,213]" class="Eurotatoria" family="Atrochidae" genus="Cupelopagis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Collothecacea" pageId="7" pageNumber="504" phylum="Rotifera" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="9DCFEF7E4169FFABFD79D2EFFCAEB3BE" box="[659,801,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="504">Cupelopagis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is capable of tracking and orientating toward its animal and protistan prey by detecting vibrations in the water (
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<bibRefCitation id="CB2A4E9D4169FFABFCE2D28BFB8EB392" author="Bevington, D. & White, C. & Wallace, R. L." box="[776,1025,222,249]" pageId="7" pageNumber="504" pagination="213 - 217" refId="ref11836" refString="Bevington, D., White, C. & Wallace, R. L. (1995) Predatory behaviors of Cupelopagis vorax (Rotifera, Collothecacea; Atrochidae) on protozoan prey. Hydrobiologia, 313 / 314, 213 - 217. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / BF 00025953" type="journal article" year="1995">
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Bevington
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<emphasis id="9DCFEF7E4169FFABFC6FD28BFC31B392" box="[901,958,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="504">et al.</emphasis>
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1995
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</bibRefCitation>
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).
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<taxonomicName id="68BB48EF4169FFABFBFED28BFB1FB392" authorityName="Bartos" authorityYear="1959" box="[1044,1168,223,249]" class="Eurotatoria" family="Atrochidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Collothecacea" pageId="7" pageNumber="504" phylum="Rotifera" rank="family">Atrochidae</taxonomicName>
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was separated from the family
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<taxonomicName id="68BB48EF4169FFABFF0CD357FE0DB276" authorityName="Bartos" authorityYear="1959" box="[230,386,259,285]" class="Eurotatoria" family="Collothecidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Collothecacea" pageId="7" pageNumber="504" phylum="Rotifera" rank="family">Collothecidae</taxonomicName>
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because of the atypical anterior end (
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<bibRefCitation id="CB2A4E9D4169FFABFCF2D357FC13B276" author="Koste, W." box="[792,924,259,285]" pageId="7" pageNumber="504" refId="ref14818" refString="Koste, W. (1978) Rotatoria. Die Radertiere Mitteleuropas. 2 Vols. Gebruder Borntraeger, Stuttgart, 673 pp. (text), Tafel 234 pp. (tafel) [in German]" type="book" year="1978">Koste 1978</bibRefCitation>
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||
). However, Koste suggests that the
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<taxonomicName id="68BB48EF4169FFABFACAD357FA13B276" authorityName="Bartos" authorityYear="1959" box="[1312,1436,259,285]" class="Eurotatoria" family="Atrochidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Collothecacea" pageId="7" pageNumber="504" phylum="Rotifera" rank="family">Atrochidae</taxonomicName>
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is an artificial grouping; its assignment is retained here as a matter of convenience and to emphasize the uncertain relationship of the three genera to the remaining
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||
<taxonomicName id="68BB48EF4169FFABFD53D31FFCD4B20E" authorityName="Remane" authorityYear="1933" box="[697,859,331,357]" class="Eurotatoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Collothecacea" pageId="7" pageNumber="504" phylum="Rotifera" rank="order">Collothecacea</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="AF04336C4169FFABFF2DD33BFE48B2C6" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,609]" pageId="7" pageNumber="504">
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The etymon of the family (G., a,
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<emphasis id="9DCFEF7E4169FFABFDD0D33BFD01B2E2" box="[570,654,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="504">without</emphasis>
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||
+ G.,
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<emphasis id="9DCFEF7E4169FFABFD3CD33BFCA6B2E2" box="[726,809,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="504">trochus</emphasis>
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, wheel) emphasizes the lack of a ciliated corona, which is present in most
|
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<taxonomicName id="68BB48EF4169FFABFE89D3C7FE4CB2C6" box="[355,451,403,429]" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="7" pageNumber="520" phylum="Rotifera" rank="phylum">Rotifera</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="E7A160E74169FFABFF2DD3E3FD80B10A" pageId="7" pageNumber="504" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="AF04336C4169FFABFF2DD3E3FD80B10A" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,609]" pageId="7" pageNumber="504">
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Diagnosis. Infundibulum variously shaped: large asymmetric bowl, or small with a dorsal hood-like lobe, or fringed with short, hollow, finger-like projections, but always lacking setae and cilia as adults. Vestibulum absent. Larvae resemble other
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<taxonomicName id="68BB48EF4169FFABFE71D3ABFDB1B172" authorityName="Remane" authorityYear="1933" box="[411,574,511,537]" class="Eurotatoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Collothecacea" pageId="7" pageNumber="504" phylum="Rotifera" rank="order">Collothecacea</taxonomicName>
|
||
: ciliated anterior end providing locomotion. Foot elongate and tapering, or a short thick stalk, or absent. Oviparous or ovoviviparous. Adults sessile with or without gelatinous tube or capable of limited locomotion (crawling).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="FBC463E44169FFABFF7DD553FF4FB4E7" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10469061" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10469061" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10469061/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="504" startId="7.[151,250,1799,1823]" targetBox="[151,1436,633,1776]" targetPageId="7" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="AF04336C4169FFABFF7DD553FF4FB4E7" blockId="7.[151,1437,1799,1932]" pageId="7" pageNumber="504">
|
||
<emphasis id="9DCFEF7E4169FFABFF7DD553FE9AB474" bold="true" box="[151,277,1799,1823]" pageId="7" pageNumber="504">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
|
||
Three species in family
|
||
<taxonomicName id="68BB48EF4169FFABFDFDD553FD04B474" authorityName="Bartos" authorityYear="1959" box="[535,651,1799,1823]" class="Eurotatoria" family="Atrochidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Collothecacea" pageId="7" pageNumber="504" phylum="Rotifera" rank="family">Atrochidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
. A.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="68BB48EF4169FFABFD5FD553FB81B474" authority="(Leidy, 1857)" baseAuthorityName="Leidy" baseAuthorityYear="1857" box="[693,1038,1799,1823]" class="Eurotatoria" family="Atrochidae" genus="Cupelopagis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Collothecacea" pageId="7" pageNumber="504" phylum="Rotifera" rank="species" species="vorax">
|
||
<emphasis id="9DCFEF7E4169FFABFD5FD553FCF7B474" box="[693,888,1799,1823]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="504">Cupelopagis vorax</emphasis>
|
||
(Leidy, 1857)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, side view; insert dorsal view. B. Two individuals of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="68BB48EF4169FFABFEC0D57FFDD2B428" authority="Leidy, 1882" authorityName="Leidy" authorityYear="1882" box="[298,605,1835,1859]" class="Eurotatoria" family="Atrochidae" genus="Acyclus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Collothecacea" pageId="7" pageNumber="504" phylum="Rotifera" rank="species" species="inquietus">
|
||
<emphasis id="9DCFEF7E4169FFABFEC0D57FFE52B428" box="[298,477,1835,1859]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="504">Acyclus inquietus</emphasis>
|
||
Leidy, 1882
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
removed from a colony of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="68BB48EF4169FFABFC9ED578FC55B428" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[884,986,1835,1859]" class="Eurotatoria" family="Flosculariidae" genus="Sinantherina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Flosculariaceae" pageId="7" pageNumber="504" phylum="Rotifera" rank="species" species="socialis">
|
||
<emphasis id="9DCFEF7E4169FFABFC9ED578FC55B428" box="[884,986,1835,1859]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="504">S. socialis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. C.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="68BB48EF4169FFABFBECD57FFA16B428" authority="Wierzejski, 1893" authorityName="Wierzejski" authorityYear="1893" box="[1030,1433,1835,1859]" class="Eurotatoria" family="Atrochidae" genus="Atrochus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Collothecacea" pageId="7" pageNumber="504" phylum="Rotifera" rank="species" species="tentaculatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="9DCFEF7E4169FFABFBECD57FFB6CB428" box="[1030,1251,1835,1859]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="504">Atrochus tentaculatus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CB2A4E9D4169FFABFB03D57FFA16B428" author="Wierzejski, A." box="[1257,1433,1835,1859]" pageId="7" pageNumber="504" pagination="696 - 712" refId="ref18344" refString="Wierzejski, A. (1893) Atrochus tentaculatus nov. gen. et sp. Ein Raderthier ohne Raderorgan. Zeitschrift fur Wissenschaftliche Zoologie, 55, 696 - 712. [in German]" type="journal article" year="1893">Wierzejski, 1893</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. (C. After
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CB2A4E9D4169FFABFF1CD51BFE2AB40C" author="Wierzejski, A." box="[246,421,1871,1895]" pageId="7" pageNumber="504" pagination="696 - 712" refId="ref18344" refString="Wierzejski, A. (1893) Atrochus tentaculatus nov. gen. et sp. Ein Raderthier ohne Raderorgan. Zeitschrift fur Wissenschaftliche Zoologie, 55, 696 - 712. [in German]" type="journal article" year="1893">Wierzejski, 1893</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Symbols: B = body; F = foot; I = infundibulum; G = gelatinous matrix; S = substratum. Bars ~1000 µm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="E7A160E74166FFA4FF7DD2C3FD7AB3DA" box="[151,757,151,177]" pageId="8" pageNumber="505" type="multiple">
|
||
<paragraph id="AF04336C4166FFA4FF7DD2C3FD7AB3DA" blockId="8.[151,757,151,177]" box="[151,757,151,177]" pageId="8" pageNumber="505">
|
||
<heading id="F44C84004166FFA4FF7DD2C3FD7AB3DA" bold="true" box="[151,757,151,177]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="505" reason="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="9DCFEF7E4166FFA4FF7DD2C3FD7AB3DA" bold="true" box="[151,757,151,177]" pageId="8" pageNumber="505">
|
||
Dichotomous key to species of family
|
||
<taxonomicName id="68BB48EF4166FFA4FD83D2C3FD7AB3DA" ID-CoL="6WD" ID-ENA="1611871" authorityName="Bartos" authorityYear="1959" box="[617,757,151,177]" class="Eurotatoria" family="Atrochidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Collothecacea" pageId="8" pageNumber="505" phylum="Rotifera" rank="family">Atrochidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="E7A160E74166FFA4FF7DD288FA95B1C2" pageId="8" pageNumber="505" type="key">
|
||
<key id="DB2A645D4166FFA4FF7DD288FA95B1C2" pageId="8" pageNumber="505">
|
||
<keyStep id="144F2BC94166FFA4FF7DD288FA13B2EF" pageId="8" pageNumber="505">
|
||
<paragraph id="AF04336C4166FFA4FF7DD288FB16B20C" blockId="8.[151,1437,220,682]" pageId="8" pageNumber="505">
|
||
<keyLead id="144A90594166FFA4FF7DD288FB16B20C" pageId="8" pageNumber="505">
|
||
1 Infundibulum large, bowl-shaped, as wide as body width; body a slightly flattened spheroid; mouth (infundibulum) positioned parallel to substratum; sessile by a short, flexible centrally positioned, ventral foot; gelatinous tube absent; body size ≤1000 µm; ovoviviparous. (
|
||
<figureCitation id="37802FE94166FFA4FE94D343FE46B247" box="[382,457,279,301]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1799,1823]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,633,1776]" captionTargetId="figure-206@7.[151,1436,633,1776]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Three species in family Atrochidae. A. Cupelopagis vorax (Leidy, 1857), side view; insert dorsal view. B. Two individuals of Acyclus inquietus Leidy, 1882 removed from a colony of S. socialis. C. Atrochus tentaculatus Wierzejski, 1893. (C. After Wierzejski, 1893). Symbols: B = body; F = foot; I = infundibulum; G = gelatinous matrix; S = substratum. Bars ~1000 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10469061" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10469061/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="505">Fig. 4A</figureCitation>
|
||
)......................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="68BB48EF4166FFA4FBB4D343FA13B246" authority="(Leidy, 1857)" baseAuthorityName="Leidy" baseAuthorityYear="1857" box="[1118,1436,279,301]" class="Eurotatoria" family="Atrochidae" genus="Cupelopagis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Collothecacea" pageId="8" pageNumber="505" phylum="Rotifera" rank="species" species="vorax">
|
||
<emphasis id="9DCFEF7E4166FFA4FBB4D343FA9BB247" box="[1118,1300,279,300]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="505">Cupelopagis vorax</emphasis>
|
||
(Leidy, 1857)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
[The morphology of this species is review by several workers including
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CB2A4E9D4166FFA4FC5AD360FBAAB221" author="Cori, C. J." box="[944,1061,308,330]" pageId="8" pageNumber="505" pagination="557 - 584" refId="ref12527" refString="Cori, C. J. (1925) Zur Morphologie und Biologie van Apsilus vorax Leidy. Zeitschrift fur Wissensch Zoologie, 125, 557 - 584. [in German]" type="journal article" year="1925">Cori (1925)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CB2A4E9D4166FFA4FBDBD360FB51B222" author="Hunerhoff, E." box="[1073,1246,308,330]" pageId="8" pageNumber="505" pagination="327 - 332" refId="ref14297" refString="Hunerhoff, E. (1931) Uber ein bisher unbekanntes Larvenorgan und die Regeneration bei dem Radertier Apsilus vorax. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 92 (11 / 12), 327 - 332." type="journal article" year="1931">Hünerhoff (1931)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CB2A4E9D4166FFA4FB01D361FAE2B222" author="Koste, W." box="[1259,1389,308,330]" pageId="8" pageNumber="505" pagination="101 - 106" refId="ref14788" refString="Koste, W. (1973) Das Radertier-Portrat. Ein merkwurdiges festitzendes Radertier: Cupelopagis vorax. Mikrokosmos, 62, 101 - 106. [in German]" type="journal article" year="1973">Koste (1973)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CB2A4E9D4166FFA4FF08D305FE49B20C" author="Vasisht, H. S. & Dawar, B. L." box="[226,454,337,359]" pageId="8" pageNumber="505" pagination="466 - 467" refId="ref17305" refString="Vasisht, H. S. & Dawar, B. L. (1968) The male of the rotifer Cupelopagis vorax (Leidy). Current Science, 37, 466 - 467." type="journal article" year="1968">Vasisht & Dawar (1968</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CB2A4E9D4166FFA4FE3AD305FD8BB20C" author="Vasisht, H. S. & Dawar, B. L." box="[464,516,337,359]" pageId="8" pageNumber="505" pagination="207 - 221" refId="ref17341" refString="Vasisht, H. S. & Dawar, B. L. (1969) Anatomy and histology of the rotifer Cupelopagis vorax Leidy. Research Bulletin of the Panjab University, New Series, 20, 207 - 221." type="journal article" year="1969">1969</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CB2A4E9D4166FFA4FDFED305FD7BB20C" author="Bevington, D. & White, C. & Wallace, R. L." box="[532,756,337,359]" pageId="8" pageNumber="505" pagination="213 - 217" refId="ref11836" refString="Bevington, D., White, C. & Wallace, R. L. (1995) Predatory behaviors of Cupelopagis vorax (Rotifera, Collothecacea; Atrochidae) on protozoan prey. Hydrobiologia, 313 / 314, 213 - 217. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / BF 00025953" type="journal article" year="1995">
|
||
Bevington
|
||
<emphasis id="9DCFEF7E4166FFA4FD94D306FD20B20D" box="[638,687,337,359]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="505">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(1995)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and Preze (2017) report studies on feeding.
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="AF04336C4166FFA4FF7DD33BFA13B2EF" blockId="8.[151,1437,220,682]" box="[151,1436,367,389]" pageId="8" pageNumber="505">
|
||
<keyLead id="144A90594166FFA4FF7DD33BFA13B2EF" box="[151,1436,367,389]" pageId="8" pageNumber="505">1’ Infundibulum and body not as above; gelatinous tube present or absent; sessile or mobile; foot not a short stalk........... 2</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="144F2BC94166FFA4FF7DD3D8FA95B1C2" pageId="8" pageNumber="505">
|
||
<paragraph id="AF04336C4166FFA4FF7DD3D8FDBFB15E" blockId="8.[151,1437,220,682]" pageId="8" pageNumber="505">
|
||
<keyLead id="144A90594166FFA4FF7DD3D8FDBFB15E" pageId="8" pageNumber="505">
|
||
2(1) Infundibulum with long, prehensile dorsal lobe; transparent gelatinous tube; foot relatively short; sessile, often in colonies of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="68BB48EF4166FFA4FF08D3FDFED1B2D5" authorityName="Bory de St. Vincent" authorityYear="1826" box="[226,350,425,446]" class="Eurotatoria" family="Flosculariidae" genus="Sinantherina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Flosculariaceae" pageId="8" pageNumber="505" phylum="Rotifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="9DCFEF7E4166FFA4FF08D3FDFED1B2D5" box="[226,350,425,446]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="505">Sinantherina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and occasionally
|
||
<taxonomicName id="68BB48EF4166FFA4FDE0D3FDFDF4B2D5" box="[522,635,425,446]" class="Eurotatoria" family="Flosculariidae" genus="Lacinularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Flosculariaceae" pageId="8" pageNumber="505" phylum="Rotifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="9DCFEF7E4166FFA4FDE0D3FDFDF4B2D5" box="[522,635,425,446]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="505">Lacinularia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="68BB48EF4166FFA4FD62D3FDFC99B2D4" authorityName="Remane" authorityYear="1933" box="[648,790,425,447]" class="Eurotatoria" family="Flosculariidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Flosculariaceae" pageId="8" pageNumber="505" phylum="Rotifera" rank="family">Flosculariidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Adult ≤1500 µm; oviparous. (
|
||
<figureCitation id="37802FE94166FFA4FBA9D3FDFB02B2D4" box="[1091,1165,425,447]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1799,1823]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,633,1776]" captionTargetId="figure-206@7.[151,1436,633,1776]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Three species in family Atrochidae. A. Cupelopagis vorax (Leidy, 1857), side view; insert dorsal view. B. Two individuals of Acyclus inquietus Leidy, 1882 removed from a colony of S. socialis. C. Atrochus tentaculatus Wierzejski, 1893. (C. After Wierzejski, 1893). Symbols: B = body; F = foot; I = infundibulum; G = gelatinous matrix; S = substratum. Bars ~1000 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10469061" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10469061/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="505">Fig. 4B</figureCitation>
|
||
).................................................................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="68BB48EF4166FFA4FB91D393FA13B2B7" authority="Leidy, 1882" authorityName="Leidy" authorityYear="1882" box="[1147,1436,455,477]" class="Eurotatoria" family="Atrochidae" genus="Acyclus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Collothecacea" pageId="8" pageNumber="505" phylum="Rotifera" rank="species" species="inquietus">
|
||
<emphasis id="9DCFEF7E4166FFA4FB91D393FAABB2B7" box="[1147,1316,455,476]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="505">Acyclus inquietus</emphasis>
|
||
Leidy, 1882
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
[
|
||
<taxonomicName id="68BB48EF4166FFA4FF00D3B0FEBAB292" authorityName="Leidy" authorityYear="1882" box="[234,309,484,505]" class="Eurotatoria" family="Atrochidae" genus="Acyclus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Collothecacea" pageId="8" pageNumber="505" phylum="Rotifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="9DCFEF7E4166FFA4FF00D3B0FEBAB292" box="[234,309,484,505]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="505">Acyclus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
feeds on the ova and young of the colonial rotifers it inhabits.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CB2A4E9D4166FFA4FC5CD3B0FB15B292" author="Hochberg, R. & O'Brien, S. & Puleo, A." box="[950,1178,484,506]" pageId="8" pageNumber="505" pagination="210 - 219" refId="ref14158" refString="Hochberg, R., O'Brien, S. & Puleo, A. (2010) Behavior, metamorphosis, and muscular organization of the predatory rotifer Acyclus inquietus (Rotifera, Monogononta). Invertebrate Biology, 129, 210 - 219. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1744 - 7410.2010.00202. x" type="journal article" year="2010">
|
||
Hochberg
|
||
<emphasis id="9DCFEF7E4166FFA4FBF4D3B1FBDDB292" box="[1054,1106,484,506]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="505">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2010)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
reported on the behavior, metamorphosis, and muscular anatomy of this species. An undescribed congener, reported from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="D7AC73FC4166FFA4FB7ED055FB66B17C" box="[1172,1257,513,535]" name="Thailand" pageId="8" pageNumber="505">Thailand</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CB2A4E9D4166FFA4FB1DD055FE9AB15F" author="Meksuwan, P. & Pholpunthin, P. & Segers, H." pageId="8" pageNumber="505" pagination="1 - 16" refId="ref15266" refString="Meksuwan, P., Pholpunthin, P. & Segers, H. (2013) The Collothecidae (Rotifera, Collothecacea) of Thailand, with the description of a new species and an illustrated key to the Southeast Asian fauna. ZooKeys, 315, 1 - 16. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 315.5330" type="journal article" year="2013">
|
||
Meksuwan
|
||
<emphasis id="9DCFEF7E4166FFA4FA80D056FA12B17D" box="[1386,1437,513,535]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="505">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2013
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), should be explored further.]
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="AF04336C4166FFA4FF7DD068FA95B1C2" blockId="8.[151,1437,220,682]" pageId="8" pageNumber="505">
|
||
<keyLead id="144A90594166FFA4FF7DD068FA95B1C2" pageId="8" pageNumber="505">
|
||
2’ Infundibulum lacking long dorsal lobe, possessing finger-like projections (horny processes) on dorsal side; body elongate oval; tube absent; foot short and hemispherical in shape; 1200–1500 µm; mobile (crawling), lying on surfaces; ovoviviparous. (
|
||
<figureCitation id="37802FE94166FFA4FA9FD00DFF70B1E7" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1799,1823]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,633,1776]" captionTargetId="figure-206@7.[151,1436,633,1776]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Three species in family Atrochidae. A. Cupelopagis vorax (Leidy, 1857), side view; insert dorsal view. B. Two individuals of Acyclus inquietus Leidy, 1882 removed from a colony of S. socialis. C. Atrochus tentaculatus Wierzejski, 1893. (C. After Wierzejski, 1893). Symbols: B = body; F = foot; I = infundibulum; G = gelatinous matrix; S = substratum. Bars ~1000 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10469061" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10469061/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="505">Fig. 4C</figureCitation>
|
||
)..................................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="68BB48EF4166FFA4FBC9D023FA13B1E7" authority="Wierzejski, 1893" authorityName="Wierzejski" authorityYear="1893" box="[1059,1436,631,653]" class="Eurotatoria" family="Atrochidae" genus="Atrochus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Collothecacea" pageId="8" pageNumber="505" phylum="Rotifera" rank="species" species="tentaculatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="9DCFEF7E4166FFA4FBC9D023FB7CB1E7" box="[1059,1267,631,652]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="505">Atrochus tentaculatus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CB2A4E9D4166FFA4FB13D023FA13B1E7" author="Wierzejski, A." box="[1273,1436,631,653]" pageId="8" pageNumber="505" pagination="696 - 712" refId="ref18344" refString="Wierzejski, A. (1893) Atrochus tentaculatus nov. gen. et sp. Ein Raderthier ohne Raderorgan. Zeitschrift fur Wissenschaftliche Zoologie, 55, 696 - 712. [in German]" type="journal article" year="1893">Wierzejski, 1893</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
[Additional work needs to be done on this enigmatic species; consult
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CB2A4E9D4166FFA4FC97D0C1FBBEB1C2" author="Koste, W. & Robertson, B. & Hardy, E." box="[893,1073,660,682]" pageId="8" pageNumber="505" pagination="555 - 576" refId="ref14888" refString="Koste, W., Robertson, B. & Hardy, E. (1984) Further taxonomical studies of the Rotifera from Lago Camale " o, a Central Amazonian varzea lake (Ilha de Marchantaria, Rio Solimies, Amazonas Brazil). Amazonia, 8, 555 - 576." type="journal article" year="1984">
|
||
Koste
|
||
<emphasis id="9DCFEF7E4166FFA4FC51D0C1FC63B1C2" box="[955,1004,660,682]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="505">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(1984)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CB2A4E9D4166FFA4FBB5D0C0FA9EB1C2" author="Wierzejski, A." box="[1119,1297,660,682]" pageId="8" pageNumber="505" pagination="696 - 712" refId="ref18344" refString="Wierzejski, A. (1893) Atrochus tentaculatus nov. gen. et sp. Ein Raderthier ohne Raderorgan. Zeitschrift fur Wissenschaftliche Zoologie, 55, 696 - 712. [in German]" type="journal article" year="1893">Wierzejski (1893)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.]
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
</key>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |