181 lines
19 KiB
XML
181 lines
19 KiB
XML
<document id="1181583D0BC0DA6D447B4B63A8FBF0A5" ID-CLB-Dataset="184856" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.770.24908" ID-GBIF-Dataset="22740f6c-79a8-46aa-8339-0635c4229c8f" ID-PMC="PMC6041363" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-770-137" ID-PubMed="30002593" ID-ZooBank="63FDA225900E42A69FD18B02D8CD1F44" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2018" ModsDocID="1313-2970-770-137" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 770" ModsDocTitle="Systematics of the ant genus Proceratium Roger (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Proceratiinae) in China – with descriptions of three new species based on micro-CT enhanced next-generation-morphology" checkinTime="1530781184189" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Staab, Michael, Garcia, Francisco Hita, Liu, Cong, Xu, Zheng-Hui & Economo, Evan P." docDate="2018" docId="96DAB6B49E83EA64A24E27376E729331" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 770: 137-192" docOrigin="ZooKeys 770" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.770.24908" docTitle="Proceratium longigaster Karavaiev 1935" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="137" masterDocId="8F00A42CFFF8FFC81124BA79FFDA0E0B" masterDocTitle="Systematics of the ant genus Proceratium Roger (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Proceratiinae) in China - with descriptions of three new species based on micro-CT enhanced next-generation-morphology" masterLastPageNumber="192" masterPageNumber="137" pageNumber="137" updateTime="1701374143044" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="BAAC69FDC54BEF59A7AAF9C04418A3C2">Systematics of the ant genus Proceratium Roger (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Proceratiinae) in China - with descriptions of three new species based on micro-CT enhanced next-generation-morphology</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="4B437DEE0CB53FFC93E6A706DC1D81D9">Staab, Michael</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="E6AF433DFBE1A56EBF074EB9AAC65CB7">Garcia, Francisco Hita</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="CD394A2B1D1DF2B096681337DA60C6CB">Liu, Cong</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="7E4EC5BDD3B4CB4CEB4565B6E45381DB">Xu, Zheng-Hui</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="B49A3ECCC696C9B456789874BC706982">Economo, Evan P.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:number id="BF65434A9A44C98A52AE40F3891E8C48">770</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="976818347F02E68C3E7F01476A9C3A60" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.770.24908</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="96DAB6B49E83EA64A24E27376E729331" ID-GBIF-Taxon="204951782" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:96DAB6B49E83EA64A24E27376E729331" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/96DAB6B49E83EA64A24E27376E729331" lastPageNumber="137" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">
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<paragraph id="591133FFE93C4B72D82C46CD38BD97AE" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">
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<taxonomicName id="A477876EE84F1B611B55761C625EF800" ID-CoL="4MMTQ" authority="Karavaiev, 1935" authorityName="Karavaiev" authorityYear="1935" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Proceratium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Proceratium longigaster" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longigaster">Proceratium longigaster Karavaiev, 1935</taxonomicName>
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Figs 2A, 20, 21, 25
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8008A839FD56ABCEA1A2856DEFF80E71" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="7D9723B10D2ECEDC9B69BEE2F7409F47" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">
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<taxonomicName id="CB2235479483018B591DFB96D366E1D9" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Proceratium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Proceratium longigaster" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longigaster">Proceratium longigaster</taxonomicName>
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Karavaiev, 1935: 59 (w.), Vietnam (see also
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<bibRefCitation id="14C63632E6AE65DEC46E785ABCF7BE0B" author="Xu, Z-H" journalOrPublisher="Acta Zootaxonomica Sinica" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" pagination="434 - 437" title="A systematic study of the ant genus Proceratium Roger from China (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)." volume="25" year="2000">Xu 2000</bibRefCitation>
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: 436,
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<bibRefCitation id="8BBCA05712213B8E59D1860B65E4F029" author="Baroni Urbani, C" journalOrPublisher="Museo Regionale di Scienze Naturali Monografie (Turin)" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" pagination="1 - 492" title="The ant genus Proceratium in the extant and fossil record (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)." volume="36" year="2003">Baroni Urbani and de Andrade 2003</bibRefCitation>
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: 438)
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="E42D1AD361E51639FB4F1DD203B61A9C" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" type="type material">
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<paragraph id="FD814E63809373A0AACBB2C82A6E008D" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">Type material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="502E8E304514C6B11B940EA40970E1FC" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">Holotype. VIETNAM, Central Annam, close to Tourane, Bana, 1400 m asl, 30-IX.1931, leg. K. Davydov (CASENT0916806, in SIZK) [images examined].</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="6D1790910C3C6891259D92E2DCA1D1DA" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" type="type material">
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<paragraph id="45D51BE6F69F2B03AC225C88143303F5" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">Non-type material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="62FBD47D7F98891EBCC717794822AFB9" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">
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CHINA, Zhejiang Province, Gutianshan National Nature Reserve, ca. 30 km NW of Kaihua,
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<geoCoordinate id="A9997476812FF81F3E6D27FCD3F5BD81" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="29.250834">29°15'3"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="734E1A49153D3C9CF06EFA66F3427AA4" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="118.14278">118°8'34"E</geoCoordinate>
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, 890 m asl, secondary subtropical mixed forest, Winkler extraction of a rotten log, 27-IV-2015, leg. Merle Noack, all with label
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<normalizedToken id="F132EA02E332F535890893300B37E17F" originalValue="‘MS1857’">'MS1857'</normalizedToken>
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(CASENT0790844 in CASC; CASENT0790673 and CASENT0790843 in SWFU; CASENT0790845 in BMNH; CASENT0790846 in ZMBH).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="AEDB1760031BF3D934BD4411FAF4EE57" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" type="virtual dataset">
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<paragraph id="713A9045CE45284ADD9AA3D38829227F" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">Virtual dataset.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="5D7BE70247BB4DBE2D0E94C677493A39" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">
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Volumetric raw data (in DICOM format), 3D rotation video (in.mp4 format, see Suppl. material 9: Video 7), still images of surface volume rendering, and 3D surface (in PLY format) of a non-type specimen (CASENT0790673) in addition to montage photos illustrating head in full-face view, profile and dorsal views of the body. The data is deposited at Dryad (
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<bibRefCitation id="433E7A003A2C5C1DED2C7E3E836F8F51" author="Staab, M" journalOrPublisher="American Naturalist" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" url="https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h6j0g4p" year="2018">Staab et al. 2018</bibRefCitation>
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, http://dx.doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h6j0g4p) and can be freely accessed as virtual representation of the species. In addition to the data at Dryad, we also provide a freely accessible 3D surface model at Sketchfab (https://skfb.ly/6txOA).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="EBA767BABE78EDCF069109861247DD19" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="DD4D302D0F1D70BEB6B02E3C057C60F5" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="3617DF665CE5DDAF268B564DFFD577BF" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">
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<taxonomicName id="001B2E1C59BA32EA66E3A675730E94FB" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Proceratium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Proceratium longigaster" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longigaster">Proceratium longigaster</taxonomicName>
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differs from the other east Asian members of the
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<taxonomicName id="1CC2578EF44C27240328F0817DAB58E8" lsidName="P. silaceum" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rank="species" species="silaceum">P. silaceum</taxonomicName>
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clade by the following character combination: medium-sized species (WL 0.75-0.89); sides of head slightly convex, broadest directly above the level of eyes; anterior clypeal margin not protruding and slightly notched; frontal carinae well developed and widely separated, with large lamellae that extend laterally above the antennal insertions and reach posteriorly about half the distance to the level of eyes; frontal furrow strongly developed; petiole squamiform; in profile, narrowing dorsally, the base clearly broader than the apex; in dorsal view, relatively wide (DPeI ≥155); subpetiolar process developed, subtriangular, directing backwards and relatively acute; sculpture deeply impressed, on abdominal segment III irregularly granular to reticulate (more so on dorsum); very hairy species; in addition to dense pubescence, many appressed to erect hairs present on entire body; abundant, long appressed, shaggy hairs project from LT3 distinctly over the constriction between LT3 and LT4.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="1440ABDD55B451304B612EF1574D244F" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">
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<paragraph id="958A7909F5B6ED8F211657EBC9EB1279" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">
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Figure 20.
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<taxonomicName id="C8E3AB5DEA482D7659E172E888FD3708" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Proceratium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Proceratium longigaster" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longigaster">Proceratium longigaster</taxonomicName>
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non-type worker (CASENT0790673). A Body in profile B Body in dorsal view C Head in full-face view.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption id="25D78C563CB90CE4F8071868242988A1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">
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<paragraph id="0AC737FBAD9F6A1108206FA99ED023C7" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">
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Figure 21. Still images from surface display volume renderings of 3D model of
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<taxonomicName id="18317037FD5BBA137C2D66EEF942AB48" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Proceratium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Proceratium longigaster" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longigaster">Proceratium longigaster</taxonomicName>
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non-type worker (CASENT0790673). A Body in profile B Body in dorsal view C Head in dorsal view D Head in anterodorsal view E Head in anterior view F Head in ventral view G Head in profile H Mesosoma in profile I Mesosoma in dorsal view J Propodeum in posterodorsal view K Abdominal segment II and parts of III in profile L Abdominal segment II and parts of III in dorsal view M Abdominal segments
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<normalizedToken id="22F3D23EA811FB0348811852D3D3E64E" originalValue="II–VII">II-VII</normalizedToken>
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in profile N Abdominal segment III and parts of II and IV in dorsal view O Abdominal segments
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<normalizedToken id="E6EC3E0AE07A8FA892704FF160D34EE8" originalValue="II–VII">II-VII</normalizedToken>
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in ventral view.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="DA031CB980036CE8A379A4477EC442DF" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" type="description">
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<paragraph id="5B7EAE981EA20A8C9B6C248AA7A0BA0F" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">Worker measurements.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="611AC203F08D968753A25783C879CC8A" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">(n=5).TL 2.66-3.10; EL 0.03-0.04; SL 0.42-0.46; HL 0.65-0.70; HLM 0.71-0.92; HW 0.60-0.66; WL 0.75-0.89; MFeL 0.43-0.54; MTiL 0.35-0.42; MBaL 0.26-0.29; PeL 0.20-0.22; PeW 0.31-0.34; LT3 0.43-0.49; LS4 0.28-0.30; LT4 0.56-0.63; OI 5; CI 92-98; SI 65-66; MFeI 71-83; MTiI 58-65; MBaI 42-45; DPeI 155-157; IGR 0.47-0.50; ASI 123-138.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="78EB607B146794246ECDD43FB8CEEBFE" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="EDFF1CEB0DAE1074383A8CA1EB4DD4CD" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">Distribution and ecology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="16387EE554D5EDDA3580910E65700EA2" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">
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The type locality is at ca. 1400 m asl in the
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<normalizedToken id="F9306E25B7E96090820C02D0995E0D09" originalValue="Bà">Ba</normalizedToken>
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<normalizedToken id="3642E5FF7385D712BC62267C1992AE99" originalValue="Nà">Na</normalizedToken>
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hills close to
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<normalizedToken id="B50B50BCEA0C27DCF2F4F084EFFB991E" originalValue="Đà">Đa</normalizedToken>
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Nẵng city (referred to as Tourane in the original description), central Vietnam. The species is also known form Nangongshan Mountain, Mengla County, Yunnan Province (
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<bibRefCitation id="091B01FE6B9B70F0CBAC56AE0DC604E0" author="Xu, Z-H" journalOrPublisher="Acta Zootaxonomica Sinica" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" pagination="434 - 437" title="A systematic study of the ant genus Proceratium Roger from China (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)." volume="25" year="2000">Xu 2000</bibRefCitation>
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) (1525 m asl) and from Hunan Province (
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<bibRefCitation id="E48DD631EA8A0BBDBCD94D3E65F353DF" author="Guenard, B" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" pagination="1 - 77" title="A checklist of the ants of China." volume="3558" year="2012">
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<normalizedToken id="7C250D3327BCD8E1053A54A67D1F5627" originalValue="Guénard">Guenard</normalizedToken>
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and Dunn 2012
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</bibRefCitation>
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). In the places where it is known, specimens were collected from the ground in evergreen broadleaved forest. The new record from the Gutianshan National Nature Reserve, Zhejiang Province, is no exception in being from the same forest type albeit at lower elevation (890 m asl) and marks the easternmost distribution of the species. Thus,
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<taxonomicName id="048FCE643CB9A4418341D17B05662809" lsidName="P. longigaster" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rank="species" species="longigaster">P. longigaster</taxonomicName>
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seems to be widespread in suitable forest habitats in south and east China and adjacent countries. No direct observations of biology and natural history are available.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D3E885F4D3B2421E0AD3491C1916042F" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" type="taxonomic notes">
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<paragraph id="5F3278B53E5C8028D740CFBF45D25441" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">Taxonomic notes.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E0F69425CC79E95C9CA0F13FC3BC9E13" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">
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This is a poorly known species. Since the single type specimen was not available for examination,
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<bibRefCitation id="9705C7467001E54D8587212EBB2BE76E" author="Baroni Urbani, C" journalOrPublisher="Museo Regionale di Scienze Naturali Monografie (Turin)" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" pagination="1 - 492" title="The ant genus Proceratium in the extant and fossil record (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)." volume="36" year="2003">Baroni Urbani and de Andrade (2003)</bibRefCitation>
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were unable to formally treat it in their monograph.
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<bibRefCitation id="B9EE77A201413E7F4EBF45223CE056E9" author="Karavaiev, W" journalOrPublisher="Treubia" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" pagination="57 - 117" title="Neue Ameisen aus dem Indo-Australischen Gebiet nebst Revision einiger Formen." volume="15" year="1935">
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<normalizedToken id="0AE26DF57F831DA748FF1A80D8061FFF" originalValue="Karavaiev’s">Karavaiev's</normalizedToken>
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(1935)
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</bibRefCitation>
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type specimen is lodged in the Schmalhausen Institute of Zoology (Kiev, Ukraine) and cannot be obtained as a loan. Fortunately, though, it has recently been imaged and the montage photos are available on AntWeb (CASENT0916806). Our new specimens agree with the type and the accounts of
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<bibRefCitation id="8051346BE02ED79641FE5FBEB65A35A0" author="Xu, Z-H" journalOrPublisher="Acta Zootaxonomica Sinica" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" pagination="434 - 437" title="A systematic study of the ant genus Proceratium Roger from China (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)." volume="25" year="2000">Xu (2000)</bibRefCitation>
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. Thus, with a note of caution, we feel confident enough to treat the specimens from Zhejiang Province as
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<taxonomicName id="E22BACA7E0FC40D47B034D4D63DA07BA" lsidName="P. longigaster" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rank="species" species="longigaster">P. longigaster</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="28814A4F1D66CCCBF193DC6B6B0FA808" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">
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The only other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="97B31CB63311302B216697826533EB42" lsidName="P. silaceum" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rank="species" species="silaceum">P. silaceum</taxonomicName>
|
||
clade species known from China and east Asia is
|
||
<taxonomicName id="93C3D2ABF019C414D9AC6AA13B890254" lsidName="P. japonicum" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rank="species" species="japonicum">P. japonicum</taxonomicName>
|
||
, from which
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3DBF2EDB534A478570FC34EC6FCCA0A8" lsidName="P. longigaster" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rank="species" species="longigaster">P. longigaster</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be separated by the shape of the petiolar node, the frontal carinae, and the pilosity, among other characters (see the accounts for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B921D915361828B7AA5144978488D84A" lsidName="P. japonicum" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rank="species" species="japonicum">P. japonicum</taxonomicName>
|
||
above).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |