treatments-xml/data/6A/12/87/6A1287078379FF83B1D3CAB3FE96FB6F.xml

<document ID-DOI="10.1590/S1679-62252007000300003" ID-ISSN="1982-0224" approvalRequired="1" approvalRequired_for_textStreams="1" checkinTime="1630372990997" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Bertaco, Vinicius A., Malabarba, Luiz R. &amp; Dergam, Jorge A." docDate="2007" docId="6A1287078379FF83B1D3CAB3FE96FB6F" docLanguage="en" docName="NeotropIchthyol.2007.29.pdf" docOrigin="Neotropical Ichthyology 5 (3)" docSource="http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1679-62252007000300003&amp;lng=en&amp;tlng=en" docStyle="DocumentStyle:85A40B78B715C4497F837D9D78407CE5.4:NeotropIchthyol.2003-2013.journal_article" docStyleId="85A40B78B715C4497F837D9D78407CE5" docStyleName="NeotropIchthyol.2003-2013.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Hyphessobrycon vinaceus Bertaco &amp; Malabarba &amp; Dergam 2007, new species" docType="treatment" docVersion="1" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="248" masterDocId="962BFF7F8378FF80B13FC91CFFF5FFE6" masterDocTitle="New Hyphessobrycon from the upper rio Pardo drainage in eastern Brazil (Teleostei: Characiformes: Characidae)" masterLastPageNumber="249" masterPageNumber="245" pageId="1" pageNumber="246" updateTime="1630380692800" updateUser="GgImagineBatch" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>New Hyphessobrycon from the upper rio Pardo drainage in eastern Brazil (Teleostei: Characiformes: Characidae)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Bertaco, Vinicius A.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Malabarba, Luiz R.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Dergam, Jorge A.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Neotropical Ichthyology</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2007</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2007-09-30</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>5</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="issue">
<mods:number>3</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>245</mods:start>
<mods:end>249</mods:end>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.1590/S1679-62252007000300003</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ISSN">1982-0224</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6A1287078379FF83B1D3CAB3FE96FB6F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/6A1287078379FF83B1D3CAB3FE96FB6F" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="248" pageId="1" pageNumber="246">
<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="246" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph blockId="1.[236,664,943,999]" pageId="1" pageNumber="246">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[236,664,943,967]" pageId="1" pageNumber="246">
<taxonomicName authority="Bertaco &amp; Malabarba &amp; Dergam, 2007" authorityName="Bertaco &amp; Malabarba &amp; Dergam" authorityYear="2007" box="[236,522,943,967]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Characidae" genus="Hyphessobrycon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="246" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vinaceus" status="new species">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[236,522,943,967]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="246">Hyphessobrycon vinaceus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[534,664,944,967]" pageId="1" pageNumber="246" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
<figureCitation box="[382,454,976,999]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="1.[129,168,1906,1929]" captionTargetBox="[225,1359,1466,1880]" captionTargetId="figure-678@1.[225,1359,1466,1880]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Fig. 1. Hyphessobrycon vinaceus, MCP 40916, holotype, male, 56.5 mm SL; Brazil, Minas Gerais, São João do Paraíso, rio São João, tributary of upper rio Pardo." pageId="1" pageNumber="246">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
and 
<figureCitation box="[505,518,976,999]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[138,177,1872,1895]" captionTargetBox="[136,779,1326,1840]" captionTargetId="figure-846@2.[136,779,1326,1840]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 2. Scanning electronic micrograph of upper and lower jaws (right side) of Hyphessobrycon vinaceus, MCP 40141, paratype, female, 49.6mm SL." pageId="1" pageNumber="246">2</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="246" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph blockId="1.[129,772,1039,1118]" pageId="1" pageNumber="246">
<materialsCitation accessionNumber="MCP 40916" collectingDate="2006-04-26" collectionCode="MCP" collectorName="J. A. Dergam &amp; A. A. Oliveira." country="Brazil" county="Sao Joao do Paraiso" latitude="-15.163889" location="upper rio Pardo" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-42.162502" municipality="rio Sao Joao" pageId="1" pageNumber="246" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Minas Gerais" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[129,229,1039,1060]" pageId="1" pageNumber="246">
<typeStatus box="[129,225,1039,1060]" pageId="1" pageNumber="246">Holotype</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
<accessionNumber box="[236,357,1039,1060]" httpUri="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/MCP40916" pageId="1" pageNumber="246">
<collectionCode box="[236,287,1039,1060]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/bqgs-f9q8" name="Pontificia Universidade Catolica do Rio Grande do Sul" pageId="1" pageNumber="246">MCP</collectionCode>
40916
</accessionNumber>
, 
<quantity box="[367,454,1039,1060]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.65" pageId="1" pageNumber="246" unit="mm" value="56.5">56.5 mm</quantity>
SL, male; 
<collectingCountry box="[562,624,1039,1060]" name="Brazil" pageId="1" pageNumber="246">Brazil</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingRegion box="[634,767,1039,1060]" country="Brazil" name="Minas Gerais" pageId="1" pageNumber="246">Minas Gerais</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingCounty box="[129,324,1068,1089]" pageId="1" pageNumber="246">São João do Paraíso</collectingCounty>
, 
<collectingMunicipality box="[334,455,1068,1089]" pageId="1" pageNumber="246">rio São João</collectingMunicipality>
, tributary of the 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6A1287078379FF83B1D3CAB3FE96FB6F:E76460CA8379FF81B358CD30FD0AFBA7" box="[615,767,1068,1089]" country="Brazil" county="Sao Joao do Paraiso" latitude="-15.163889" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-42.162502" municipality="rio Sao Joao" name="upper rio Pardo" pageId="1" pageNumber="246" stateProvince="Minas Gerais">upper rio Pardo</location>
, 
<geoCoordinate box="[129,237,1096,1118]" degrees="15" direction="south" minutes="09" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="246" precision="15" seconds="50" value="-15.163889">
15 
<superScript attach="none" box="[152,159,1096,1108]" fontSize="5" pageId="1" pageNumber="246">o</superScript>
09’50&quot;S
</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate box="[241,358,1096,1118]" degrees="42" direction="west" minutes="09" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="246" precision="15" seconds="45" value="-42.162502">
42 
<superScript attach="none" box="[264,271,1096,1108]" fontSize="5" pageId="1" pageNumber="246">o</superScript>
09’45&quot;W
</geoCoordinate>
, 
<date box="[365,482,1097,1118]" pageId="1" pageNumber="246" value="2006-04-26">
<collectingDate box="[365,482,1097,1118]" pageId="1" pageNumber="246" value="2006-04-26">26 Apr 2006</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<collectorName box="[490,611,1097,1118]" pageId="1" pageNumber="246">J. A. Dergam</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName box="[636,772,1097,1118]" pageId="1" pageNumber="246">A.A. Oliveira.</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="1.[129,772,1155,1320]" pageId="1" pageNumber="246">
<materialsCitation accessionNumber="MCP 40141" collectionCode="MCP" latitude="-49.6" pageId="1" pageNumber="246" specimenCode="6" specimenCount="8" specimenCount-female="5" specimenCount-male="3" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[129,239,1155,1176]" pageId="1" pageNumber="246">
<typeStatus box="[129,235,1155,1176]" pageId="1" pageNumber="246">Paratypes</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
<accessionNumber box="[244,363,1155,1176]" httpUri="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/MCP40141" pageId="1" pageNumber="246">
<collectionCode box="[244,295,1155,1176]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/bqgs-f9q8" name="Pontificia Universidade Catolica do Rio Grande do Sul" pageId="1" pageNumber="246">MCP</collectionCode>
40141
</accessionNumber>
, 
<specimenCode box="[372,384,1155,1176]" collectionCode="MCP" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/bqgs-f9q8" name="Pontificia Universidade Catolica do Rio Grande do Sul" pageId="1" pageNumber="246">6</specimenCode>
(
<specimenCount box="[396,473,1155,1176]" pageId="1" pageNumber="246" type="male">2 males</specimenCount>
, 
<quantity box="[482,618,1155,1176]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.04" metricValueMax="5.41" metricValueMin="4.67" pageId="1" pageNumber="246" unit="mm" value="50.4" valueMax="54.1" valueMin="46.7">46.7-54.1 mm</quantity>
SL; 
<specimenCount box="[663,727,1155,1176]" pageId="1" pageNumber="246" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
c&amp; 
<geoCoordinate degrees="46.7" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="246" precision="5555" value="-46.7">
s 
<quantity box="[129,172,1183,1204]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.67" pageId="1" pageNumber="246" unit="mm" value="46.7">46.7</quantity>
</geoCoordinate>
mm SL; 
<specimenCount box="[261,357,1183,1204]" pageId="1" pageNumber="246" type="female">4 females</specimenCount>
, 
<quantity box="[367,504,1183,1204]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.945" metricValueMax="6.279999999999999" metricValueMin="5.61" pageId="1" pageNumber="246" unit="mm" value="59.45" valueMax="62.8" valueMin="56.1">56.1-62.8 mm</quantity>
SL; 
<specimenCount box="[550,634,1183,1204]" pageId="1" pageNumber="246" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
c&amp; 
<geoCoordinate box="[671,728,1183,1204]" degrees="49.6" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="246" precision="5555" value="-49.6">
s 
<quantity box="[685,728,1183,1204]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.96" pageId="1" pageNumber="246" unit="mm" value="49.6">49.6</quantity>
</geoCoordinate>
mm SL)
</materialsCitation>
, 
<materialsCitation collectionCode="MZUSP" pageId="1" pageNumber="246" specimenCode="MZUSP 94439, 3" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="2" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCode box="[177,327,1212,1233]" collectionCode="MZUSP" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="1" pageNumber="246">MZUSP 94439</specimenCode>
, 
<specimenCode box="[336,348,1212,1233]" collectionCode="MZUSP" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="1" pageNumber="246">3</specimenCode>
(
<specimenCount box="[364,430,1212,1233]" pageId="1" pageNumber="246" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
, 
<quantity box="[439,526,1212,1233]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.63" pageId="1" pageNumber="246" unit="mm" value="56.3">56.3 mm</quantity>
SL; 
<specimenCount box="[572,668,1212,1233]" pageId="1" pageNumber="246" type="female">2 females</specimenCount>
, 
<quantity metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.26" metricValueMax="5.6899999999999995" metricValueMin="4.83" pageId="1" pageNumber="246" unit="mm" value="52.599999999999994" valueMax="56.9" valueMin="48.3">48.3-56.9 mm</quantity>
SL), collected with the 
<typeStatus box="[402,491,1241,1262]" pageId="1" pageNumber="246">holotype</typeStatus>
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation accessionNumber="MCP 40915" collectionCode="MCP" pageId="1" pageNumber="246" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-male="3" typeStatus="paratype">
<accessionNumber box="[500,619,1241,1262]" httpUri="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/MCP40915" pageId="1" pageNumber="246">
<collectionCode box="[500,551,1241,1262]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/bqgs-f9q8" name="Pontificia Universidade Catolica do Rio Grande do Sul" pageId="1" pageNumber="246">MCP</collectionCode>
40915
</accessionNumber>
(
<specimenCount box="[633,710,1241,1262]" pageId="1" pageNumber="246" type="male">3 males</specimenCount>
, 51.0- 54.0 mm SL), same data of the 
<typeStatus box="[454,543,1270,1291]" pageId="1" pageNumber="246">holotype</typeStatus>
; these specimens were kept in aquarium for one year
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="246" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph blockId="1.[129,771,1359,1415]" lastBlockId="1.[809,1452,177,585]" pageId="1" pageNumber="246">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[129,247,1360,1383]" pageId="1" pageNumber="246">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bertaco &amp; Malabarba &amp; Dergam" authorityYear="2007" box="[254,534,1359,1383]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Characidae" genus="Hyphessobrycon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="246" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vinaceus">
<emphasis box="[254,534,1359,1383]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="246">Hyphessobrycon vinaceus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is distinguished from all other species of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Durbin in Eigenmann" authorityYear="1908" box="[343,523,1391,1415]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Characidae" genus="Hyphessobrycon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="246" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[343,523,1391,1415]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="246">Hyphessobrycon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
except of 
<taxonomicName authority="Carvalho &amp; Bertaco" authorityName="Carvalho &amp; Bertaco" authorityYear="2006" box="[638,1089,177,1415]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Characidae" genus="Hyphessobrycon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="246" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="melanostichos">
<emphasis box="[638,872,177,1415]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="246">H. melanostichos</emphasis>
Carvalho &amp; Bertaco
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName authority="Carvalho &amp; Bertaco" authorityName="Carvalho &amp; Bertaco" authorityYear="2006" box="[1097,1448,177,201]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Characidae" genus="Hyphessobrycon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="246" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="notidanos">
<emphasis box="[1097,1231,177,201]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="246">H. notidanos</emphasis>
Carvalho &amp; Bertaco
</taxonomicName>
, and the species of the ‘rosy tetra clade’ Weitzman &amp; Palmer (1997), by the red or reddish pigmented body in live specimens. 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bertaco &amp; Malabarba &amp; Dergam" authorityYear="2007" box="[878,1158,273,297]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Characidae" genus="Hyphessobrycon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="246" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vinaceus">
<emphasis box="[878,1158,273,297]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="246">Hyphessobrycon vinaceus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from the species included in the ‘rosy tetra clade’ in the number of teeth in the inner row of the premaxilla (4 or 5 
<emphasis box="[1157,1179,338,361]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="246">vs</emphasis>
7 to 12), and in the number of branched anal-fin rays (15-17 
<emphasis box="[1159,1181,370,393]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="246">vs</emphasis>
22-29); it differs from 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Carvalho &amp; Bertaco" authorityYear="2006" class="Actinopterygii" family="Characidae" genus="Hyphessobrycon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="246" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="melanostichos">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="246">H. melanostichos</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the absence of a conspicuous longitudinal broad black band beginning on the posterior margin of orbit and reaching the tip of middle caudal fin rays; from 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Carvalho &amp; Bertaco" authorityYear="2006" class="Actinopterygii" family="Characidae" genus="Hyphessobrycon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="246" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="notidanos">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="246">H. notidanos</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the lack of an elongated dorsal fin in mature males, in the number of dorsal-fin rays (ii,9 
<emphasis box="[1263,1285,530,553]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="246">vs</emphasis>
iii,8), and number of perforated lateral-line scales (10-26 
<emphasis box="[1253,1275,562,585]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="246">vs</emphasis>
6-9).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="248" pageId="1" pageNumber="246" type="description">
<paragraph blockId="1.[809,1452,626,1417]" pageId="1" pageNumber="246">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[809,944,626,649]" pageId="1" pageNumber="246">Description.</emphasis>
Morphometric data summarized in 
<tableCitation box="[1309,1385,626,649]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="2.[816,879,1327,1350]" captionText="Table 1. Morphometric data of holotype (MCP 40916) and paratypes (MCP 40141; MZUSP 94439) of Hyphessobrycon vinaceus from the upper rio Pardo drainage (n = 10 including the holotype). SD = standard deviation." pageId="1" pageNumber="246">Table 1</tableCitation>
. Body compressed and moderately deep; greatest body depth anterior to dorsal-fin origin. Dorsal head profile straight or slightly convex. Dorsal body profile convex from supraoccipital tip to base of last dorsal-fin ray, and straight from that point to adipose-fin origin. Ventral profile of head convex. Ventral profile of body convex from pectoral-fin origin to anal-fin origin. Body profile along anal-fin base straight and posterodorsally slanted. Caudal peduncle elongate, nearly straight to slightly concave along both dorsal and ventral margins.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="1.[809,1452,626,1417]" pageId="1" pageNumber="246">Snout rounded from margin of upper lip to vertical through anterior nostrils. Mouth terminal. Maxilla extending posteriorly to under middle of orbit, slightly curved, and aligned at approximately 45 degrees angle relative to longitudinal axis of body. Anterodorsal border of maxilla concave, posterodorsal border slightly convex, anteroventral border concave, and posteroventral border convex. Maxilla slightly widened posteriorly.</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="1.[809,1452,626,1417]" lastBlockId="2.[136,779,178,1257]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="247" pageId="1" pageNumber="246">
Premaxilla with two tooth rows; outer row with 2-4, tricuspid or pentacuspid teeth with central cusp longer; inner row 5 (one with 4) teeth with 5-7 cusps and central cusp longer and broader than other cusps, inner row teeth gradually decreasing in length from first to fourth teeth, last tooth considerably smaller. Two to three maxillary teeth, with 5 cusps, central cusp slightly longer. Four or 5 anteriormost dentary teeth larger, with 5-7 cusps, followed by medium sized tooth with 5 cusps, and 5-6 smaller teeth with 1-3 cusps or conical; central cusp in all teeth two to three times longer and broader than remaining cusps. Cusp tips slightly curved posteriorly and lingually (
<figureCitation box="[241,304,338,361]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[138,177,1872,1895]" captionTargetBox="[136,779,1326,1840]" captionTargetId="figure-846@2.[136,779,1326,1840]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 2. Scanning electronic micrograph of upper and lower jaws (right side) of Hyphessobrycon vinaceus, MCP 40141, paratype, female, 49.6mm SL." pageId="2" pageNumber="247">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption pageId="1" pageNumber="246" startId="1.[129,168,1906,1929]" targetBox="[225,1359,1466,1880]" targetPageId="1">
<paragraph blockId="1.[129,1452,1905,1961]" pageId="1" pageNumber="246">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[129,197,1906,1929]" pageId="1" pageNumber="246">Fig. 1.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authority=", MCP" authorityName="MCP" box="[202,543,1905,1929]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Characidae" genus="Hyphessobrycon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="246" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vinaceus">
<emphasis box="[202,475,1905,1929]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="246">Hyphessobrycon vinaceus</emphasis>
, MCP
</taxonomicName>
40916, holotype, male, 56.5 mm SL; Brazil, Minas Gerais, São João do Paraíso, rio São João, tributary of upper rio Pardo.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph blockId="2.[136,779,178,1257]" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">Scales cycloid, moderately large. Lateral line incomplete, perforated scales 10-26 (26, mean = 16, n = 12). Longitudinal scale series including lateral-line scales 32-34 (34, mean = 33.1, n = 12). Scale rows between dorsal-fin origin and lateral line 5 (5, one with 4, mean = 4.9, n = 12); scale rows between lateral line and pelvic-fin origin 3-4 (4, mean = 3.6, n = 12). Predorsal scales 11-12, arranged in regular series (11, mean = 11.7, n = 12). Scales rows around caudal peduncle 14 (n = 12). Scale sheath along anal-fin base with 3-5 scales in single series (5, n = 12), extending posteriorly to base of first rays.</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="2.[136,779,178,1257]" lastBlockId="2.[816,1460,178,489]" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">
Dorsal-fin rays ii,9 (n = 13); first unbranched ray approximately one-half length of second ray. Males with small bony hooks in distal one-third of first to fifth branched rays. Dorsal-fin origin located approximately at middle of SL and posterior to vertical through pelvic-fin origin. Adipose-fin located approximately at vertical through insertion of 13 
<superScript attach="left" box="[750,762,848,862]" fontSize="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">th</superScript>
- 15 
<superScript attach="left" box="[163,175,880,894]" fontSize="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">th</superScript>
branched anal-fin rays. Anal-fin rays iii-iv,15-17 (iii,16, mean = 16.1, n = 13). First unbranched ray usually only apparent in cleared and stained specimens. Anal-fin profile smoothly concave in females and nearly straight in males. Anal-fin origin located posterior to vertical through base of last dorsal-fin ray. Anal-fin rays of males bearing one pair of retrorse bony hooks along posterolateral border of each segment of lepidotrichia, usually along last unbranched ray and fifteen anterior branched rays; hooks more numerous along first through tenth branched rays. Hooks usually located along posteriormost branch and distal 1/2 to 2/3 length of each ray. Pectoral-fin rays i,9-12 (i,9, mean = 11.3, n = 13). Males with small bony hooks on distal portion of first to fifth branched rays. Pelvic-fin rays i,7 (one with i,6,i, n = 13). Pelvicfin origin located anterior to vertical through dorsal-fin origin. Pelvic fin of males usually bearing small bony hooks along ventromedial border of second to third branched rays. Caudalfin forked, with 19 principal rays with small bony hooks at tip of middle caudal-fin rays. Dorsal procurrent rays 10, and ventral procurrent rays 9 (n = 2).
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="2.[816,1460,178,489]" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">Precaudal vertebrae 16; caudal vertebrae 16-17; total vertebrae 32-33. Supraneurals 5. Gill-rakers 6/10 (n = 2).</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="2.[816,1460,530,1161]" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[816,1010,530,553]" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">Color in alcohol.</emphasis>
Dorsal and dorsolateral portions of head and body dark brown. Infraorbital and opercular areas covered with scattered, dark chromatophores. Scales on lateral and ventral surface of body bordered with dark brown chromatophores forming a reticulate color pattern. Dark anterior humeral spot vertically-elongate, and narrowing ventrally, located over second to fourth lateral-line scales and extending over 4-5 horizontal series of scales including lateral line. Second humeral spot diffuse, located nearly above 7 
<superScript attach="right" box="[830,851,816,841]" fontSize="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">th-</superScript>
8 
<superScript attach="left" box="[864,876,816,830]" fontSize="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">th</superScript>
lateral line scale and at anterior end of midlateral stripe, and extending usually over two horizontal series of scales above lateral line. Faint midlateral body stripe extending from second humeral spot to tip of median caudal-fin rays, gradually wider and more intensely pigmented towards caudal peduncle. Midlateral body stripe slightly wider on caudal peduncle and caudal-fin base forming small spot. Fins with scattered dark chromatophores (
<figureCitation box="[1178,1246,1042,1065]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="1.[129,168,1906,1929]" captionTargetBox="[225,1359,1466,1880]" captionTargetId="figure-678@1.[225,1359,1466,1880]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Fig. 1. Hyphessobrycon vinaceus, MCP 40916, holotype, male, 56.5 mm SL; Brazil, Minas Gerais, São João do Paraíso, rio São João, tributary of upper rio Pardo." pageId="2" pageNumber="247">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
). Some specimens examined soon after fixation in formalin with ventrolateral portion of body, and caudal fin base with intensely red-orange or reddish coloration.Males and females with similar color pattern.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="2.[816,1459,1202,1257]" lastBlockId="3.[129,772,178,361]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="248" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[816,952,1202,1225]" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">Color in life.</emphasis>
Color pattern similar to that described for alcohol preserved specimens except as follows. Body dorsal portion green to gray brown. Abdomen and opercle portions silvery to brilliant green. Body portion above anal-fin base, and pectoral, pelvic, and anal fins intensely red or reddish pigmented. Dorsal and caudal fins green or yellowish brown. Red or reddish coloration is more evident in freshly preserved specimens in formalin.
</paragraph>
<caption pageId="2" pageNumber="247" startId="2.[816,879,1327,1350]">
<paragraph blockId="2.[816,1460,1327,1446]" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[816,907,1327,1350]" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">Table 1.</emphasis>
Morphometric data of holotype (MCP 40916) and paratypes (MCP 40141; MZUSP 94439) of 
<taxonomicName class="Actinopterygii" family="Characidae" genus="Hyphessobrycon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="247" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vinaceus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">Hyphessobrycon vinaceus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the upper rio Pardo drainage (n = 10 including the holotype). SD = standard deviation.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="247">
<table box="[824,1434,1478,1964]" gridcols="5" gridrows="20" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">
<tr box="[824,1434,1478,1497]" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="247" rowspan-0="1">
<td box="[1091,1167,1478,1497]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">Holotype</td>
<td box="[1195,1277,1478,1497]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">Range</td>
<td box="[1307,1376,1478,1497]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">Mean</td>
<td box="[1396,1434,1478,1497]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">SD</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[824,1434,1504,1523]" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">
<td box="[824,1044,1504,1523]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">Standard length (mm)</td>
<td box="[1091,1167,1504,1523]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">56.5</td>
<td box="[1195,1277,1504,1523]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">46.7-62.8</td>
<td box="[1307,1376,1504,1523]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">55.0</td>
<td box="[1396,1434,1504,1523]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">-</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[824,1434,1528,1547]" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="247" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-4="1">
<td box="[1091,1376,1528,1547]" colspan="3" colspanRight="2" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">Percents of standard length</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[824,1434,1552,1571]" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">
<td box="[824,1044,1552,1571]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">Predorsal distance</td>
<td box="[1091,1167,1552,1571]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">50.0</td>
<td box="[1195,1277,1552,1571]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">50.0-55.8</td>
<td box="[1307,1376,1552,1571]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">52.6</td>
<td box="[1396,1434,1552,1571]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">1.55</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[824,1434,1577,1596]" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">
<td box="[824,1044,1577,1596]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">Prepelvic distance</td>
<td box="[1091,1167,1577,1596]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">47.2</td>
<td box="[1195,1277,1577,1596]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">46.9-49.9</td>
<td box="[1307,1376,1577,1596]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">48.3</td>
<td box="[1396,1434,1577,1596]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">1.12</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[824,1434,1602,1621]" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">
<td box="[824,1044,1602,1621]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">Prepectoral distance</td>
<td box="[1091,1167,1602,1621]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">24.6</td>
<td box="[1195,1277,1602,1621]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">24.2-26.5</td>
<td box="[1307,1376,1602,1621]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">25.4</td>
<td box="[1396,1434,1602,1621]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">0.77</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[824,1434,1626,1645]" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">
<td box="[824,1044,1626,1645]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">Preanal distance</td>
<td box="[1091,1167,1626,1645]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">65.2</td>
<td box="[1195,1277,1626,1645]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">65.2-69.4</td>
<td box="[1307,1376,1626,1645]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">67.0</td>
<td box="[1396,1434,1626,1645]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">1.45</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[824,1434,1651,1670]" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">
<td box="[824,1044,1651,1670]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">Depth at dorsal-fin origin</td>
<td box="[1091,1167,1651,1670]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">31.4</td>
<td box="[1195,1277,1651,1670]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">30.1-35.8</td>
<td box="[1307,1376,1651,1670]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">32.1</td>
<td box="[1396,1434,1651,1670]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">1.82</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[824,1434,1675,1694]" gridrow="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">
<td box="[824,1044,1675,1694]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">Caudal peduncle depth</td>
<td box="[1091,1167,1675,1694]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">12.8</td>
<td box="[1195,1277,1675,1694]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">11.4-13.5</td>
<td box="[1307,1376,1675,1694]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">12.8</td>
<td box="[1396,1434,1675,1694]" gridcol="4" gridrow="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">0.60</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[824,1434,1700,1719]" gridrow="9" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">
<td box="[824,1044,1700,1719]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">Caudal peduncle length</td>
<td box="[1091,1167,1700,1719]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">16.4</td>
<td box="[1195,1277,1700,1719]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">14.9-17.4</td>
<td box="[1307,1376,1700,1719]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">15.9</td>
<td box="[1396,1434,1700,1719]" gridcol="4" gridrow="9" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">0.74</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[824,1434,1724,1743]" gridrow="10" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">
<td box="[824,1044,1724,1743]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">Anal-fin base</td>
<td box="[1091,1167,1724,1743]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">22.8</td>
<td box="[1195,1277,1724,1743]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">20.7-25.1</td>
<td box="[1307,1376,1724,1743]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">22.2</td>
<td box="[1396,1434,1724,1743]" gridcol="4" gridrow="10" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">1.39</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[824,1434,1749,1768]" gridrow="11" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">
<td box="[824,1044,1749,1768]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">Dorsal-fin length</td>
<td box="[1091,1167,1749,1768]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">22.9</td>
<td box="[1195,1277,1749,1768]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">22.4-24.2</td>
<td box="[1307,1376,1749,1768]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">23.2</td>
<td box="[1396,1434,1749,1768]" gridcol="4" gridrow="11" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">0.56</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[824,1434,1773,1792]" gridrow="12" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">
<td box="[824,1044,1773,1792]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">Pelvic-fin length</td>
<td box="[1091,1167,1773,1792]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">16.2</td>
<td box="[1195,1277,1773,1792]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">15.1-17.1</td>
<td box="[1307,1376,1773,1792]" gridcol="3" gridrow="12" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">16.3</td>
<td box="[1396,1434,1773,1792]" gridcol="4" gridrow="12" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">0.63</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[824,1434,1798,1817]" gridrow="13" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">
<td box="[824,1044,1798,1817]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">Pectoral-fin length</td>
<td box="[1091,1167,1798,1817]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">19.7</td>
<td box="[1195,1277,1798,1817]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">18.9-21.7</td>
<td box="[1307,1376,1798,1817]" gridcol="3" gridrow="13" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">20.0</td>
<td box="[1396,1434,1798,1817]" gridcol="4" gridrow="13" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">0.85</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[824,1434,1822,1841]" gridrow="14" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">
<td box="[824,1044,1822,1841]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">Head length</td>
<td box="[1091,1167,1822,1841]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">24.1</td>
<td box="[1195,1277,1822,1841]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">23.9-26.7</td>
<td box="[1307,1376,1822,1841]" gridcol="3" gridrow="14" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">25.2</td>
<td box="[1396,1434,1822,1841]" gridcol="4" gridrow="14" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">1.04</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[824,1434,1847,1866]" gridrow="15" pageId="2" pageNumber="247" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-4="1">
<td box="[1091,1376,1847,1866]" colspan="3" colspanRight="2" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">Percents of head length</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[824,1434,1871,1890]" gridrow="16" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">
<td box="[824,1044,1871,1890]" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">Snout length</td>
<td box="[1091,1167,1871,1890]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">23.8</td>
<td box="[1195,1277,1871,1890]" gridcol="2" gridrow="16" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">21.1-25.8</td>
<td box="[1307,1376,1871,1890]" gridcol="3" gridrow="16" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">23.8</td>
<td box="[1396,1434,1871,1890]" gridcol="4" gridrow="16" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">1.37</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[824,1434,1896,1915]" gridrow="17" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">
<td box="[824,1044,1896,1915]" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">Upper jaw length</td>
<td box="[1091,1167,1896,1915]" gridcol="1" gridrow="17" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">41.3</td>
<td box="[1195,1277,1896,1915]" gridcol="2" gridrow="17" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">39.6-47.2</td>
<td box="[1307,1376,1896,1915]" gridcol="3" gridrow="17" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">43.3</td>
<td box="[1396,1434,1896,1915]" gridcol="4" gridrow="17" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">2.47</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[824,1434,1920,1939]" gridrow="18" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">
<td box="[824,1044,1920,1939]" gridcol="0" gridrow="18" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">Orbital diameter</td>
<td box="[1091,1167,1920,1939]" gridcol="1" gridrow="18" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">27.5</td>
<td box="[1195,1277,1920,1939]" gridcol="2" gridrow="18" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">24.2-31.4</td>
<td box="[1307,1376,1920,1939]" gridcol="3" gridrow="18" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">27.9</td>
<td box="[1396,1434,1920,1939]" gridcol="4" gridrow="18" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">2.05</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[824,1434,1945,1964]" gridrow="19" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">
<td box="[824,1044,1945,1964]" gridcol="0" gridrow="19" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">Interorbital width</td>
<td box="[1091,1167,1945,1964]" gridcol="1" gridrow="19" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">34.8</td>
<td box="[1195,1277,1945,1964]" gridcol="2" gridrow="19" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">32.1-36.7</td>
<td box="[1307,1376,1945,1964]" gridcol="3" gridrow="19" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">34.7</td>
<td box="[1396,1434,1945,1964]" gridcol="4" gridrow="19" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">1.21</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<caption pageId="2" pageNumber="247" startId="2.[138,177,1872,1895]" targetBox="[136,779,1326,1840]" targetPageId="2">
<paragraph blockId="2.[138,779,1872,1959]" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[138,209,1872,1895]" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">Fig. 2.</emphasis>
Scanning electronic micrograph of upper and lower jaws (right side) of 
<taxonomicName authority=", MCP" authorityName="MCP" box="[348,699,1903,1927]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Characidae" genus="Hyphessobrycon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="247" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vinaceus">
<emphasis box="[348,628,1903,1927]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="247">Hyphessobrycon vinaceus</emphasis>
, MCP
</taxonomicName>
40141, paratype, female, 49.6 mm SL.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph blockId="3.[129,771,402,649]" pageId="3" pageNumber="248">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[129,377,402,425]" pageId="3" pageNumber="248">Sexual dimorphism.</emphasis>
Males of 
<taxonomicName box="[506,645,402,425]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Characidae" genus="Hyphessobrycon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="248" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vinaceus">
<emphasis box="[506,525,402,425]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="248">H</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis box="[545,645,402,425]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="248">vinaceus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are easily recognized by the presence of bony hooks on all fin rays, observed in males larger than 
<quantity box="[437,529,466,489]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.67" pageId="3" pageNumber="248" unit="mm" value="46.7">46.7 mm</quantity>
SL. Males and females also slightly differ in anal-fin shape, which is concave in females and nearly straight in males. One male and female (46.7 and 
<quantity box="[240,337,562,585]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.96" pageId="3" pageNumber="248" unit="mm" value="49.6">49.6 mm</quantity>
SL) were dissected before clearing and staining, and only the male had mature gonads. Gill glands were not found on first gill arch in both males and females.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="248" type="distribution">
<paragraph blockId="3.[129,771,689,777]" pageId="3" pageNumber="248">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[129,276,690,713]" pageId="3" pageNumber="248">Distribution.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName box="[281,560,689,713]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Characidae" genus="Hyphessobrycon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="248" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vinaceus">
<emphasis box="[281,560,689,713]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="248">Hyphessobrycon vinaceus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is known only from rio São João, in the headwaters of the rio Pardo drainage, a coastal drainage in eastern 
<collectingCountry box="[414,483,754,777]" name="Brazil" pageId="3" pageNumber="248">Brazil</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="248" type="etymology">
<paragraph blockId="3.[129,772,818,905]" pageId="3" pageNumber="248">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[129,251,818,841]" pageId="3" pageNumber="248">Etymology.</emphasis>
The specific name 
<taxonomicName box="[440,529,818,841]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Characidae" genus="Hyphessobrycon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="248" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vinaceus">
<emphasis box="[440,529,818,841]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="248">vinaceus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is from Latin and means reddish, and it is in allusion to the body coloration red or reddish observed in live specimens.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="3.[129,771,946,1161]" pageId="3" pageNumber="248">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[129,321,946,969]" pageId="3" pageNumber="248">Ecological notes.</emphasis>
At the 
<typeStatus box="[402,448,946,969]" pageId="3" pageNumber="248">type</typeStatus>
locality, the rio São João is a fast running clear water and shallow river about four to five meters wide, with sandy bottom, and large amount of riparian vegetation. Live specimens of 
<taxonomicName box="[469,598,1042,1065]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Characidae" genus="Hyphessobrycon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="248" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vinaceus">
<emphasis box="[469,488,1042,1065]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="248">H</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis box="[504,598,1042,1065]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="248">vinaceus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were caught in rapid stretches just below a small waterfall. 
<taxonomicName class="Actinopterygii" family="Characidae" genus="Hyphessobrycon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="248" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vinaceus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="248">Hyphessobrycon vinaceus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was collected syntopically with 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Nijssen &amp; Isbrucker" authorityYear="1976" box="[553,771,1105,1129]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Callichthyidae" genus="Aspidoras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="248" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="albater">
<emphasis box="[553,659,1105,1129]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="248">Aspidoras</emphasis>
cf. 
<emphasis box="[695,771,1105,1129]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="248">albater</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName box="[176,355,1137,1161]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Otothyropsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="248" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis box="[176,316,1137,1161]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="248">Otothyropsis</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>