plazi/treatments-xml
2
0
Fork 0
Code Issues Pull requests Releases Activity
treatments-xml/data/36/52/87/365287CDFFC4FFDFFFFD10F9FB96293F.xml
maintenance 4d49a822fb added 36
2024-06-21 12:33:25 +02:00

310 lines
43 KiB
XML
Raw Blame History

This file contains ambiguous Unicode characters

This file contains Unicode characters that might be confused with other characters. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

<document id="DAADE21B489250B539FD4DD2D5E39AE3" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.203682" ID-GBIF-Dataset="a9c2f476-0675-4af6-b3df-e3fa843b8c15" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="203682" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460273893475" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Medianero, Enrique, Nieves-Aldrey, José Luis &amp; Melika, George" docDate="2011" docId="365287CDFFC4FFDFFFFD10F9FB96293F" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02811p046.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2811" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Loxaulus panamensis Medianero &amp; Nieves-Aldrey, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="44" masterDocId="CA6BFFB5FFC0FFD8FF6A110CFFA72B60" masterDocTitle="Two new Neotropical species of oak gall wasps of the genus Loxaulus Mayr (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini) from Panama" masterLastPageNumber="46" masterPageNumber="37" pageNumber="41" updateTime="1698247613894" updateUser="plazi">
<mods:mods id="647DB02DBEB862E69BD2599DAD80A8FB" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="8E7C963ABA23BCBCB1E4966EE2363E62">
<mods:title id="787736FE44317430E3DD71A35428A78B">Two new Neotropical species of oak gall wasps of the genus Loxaulus Mayr (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini) from Panama</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="76F2903F9065D21B360FC488F55F96E7" type="personal">
<mods:role id="D794ACAE3699574BF7E4FF7E2BD90EBF">
<mods:roleTerm id="9C7E0812BB2A8C666E59763F0FC80CF5">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="461E0E701753347931C3ECF3F0BFECCB">Medianero, Enrique</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="5C5CDEEF4F1CD45AE3500A0B5BEA30D7" type="personal">
<mods:role id="E946038EA584E33534091D075486ADB9">
<mods:roleTerm id="807F1EFCAAD662F7F441BEAB8F3CDC45">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="C020AA353448116007B62B4A480C7035">Nieves-Aldrey, José Luis</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="70D7BB944766DCFCA7DADC12B9EA2E96" type="personal">
<mods:role id="8C68798F26CDCB4D52FED0A45649657A">
<mods:roleTerm id="7AE44B5EF94C07CC245B2E4E9A2A54AC">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="C82C1219F76B65B7162C56A8C5674D6C">Melika, George</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="6CA7B52FA6E738AEDC615B84C8594D75">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="8539153D6EAE0A999B91C26673125FCA" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="FFDB089EB95B5F76BD3FDDE650C01C15">
<mods:title id="536A5D38EF5269E4878B9FC9A0FB338D">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="D28BFB6ECCE54D99EBEFAAAA901018B5">
<mods:date id="8ABF2E39FC344F24359D9671268C7567">2011</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="E9F8C4B565A81A96DD96CF0D679350F7" type="volume">
<mods:number id="965339CD5D3A1CFECF9F3117BCD37E69">2811</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="FCD24EBFADECC6CFD89B8C591E102908" unit="page">
<mods:start id="1D1F8D8D88276F9BCBFE807059A31BCA">37</mods:start>
<mods:end id="01CBF8C582D37DC12B54BBE88265AE5E">46</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:classification id="258FC60A327066F0C0158299CEE118D1">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="BF75615A547E18A2A545843024CE4D13" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.203682</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="90F71F0330F559F0B392780523115BE7" type="GBIF-Dataset">a9c2f476-0675-4af6-b3df-e3fa843b8c15</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="5A7DF2A79EA7C2621FF3A7D5BBEDD8EA" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="8BCB39E20ABDF39D61F98EEB580AA7CE" type="Zenodo-Dep">203682</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="365287CDFFC4FFDFFFFD10F9FB96293F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6182674" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119395639" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6182674" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:365287CDFFC4FFDFFFFD10F9FB96293F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/365287CDFFC4FFDFFFFD10F9FB96293F" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="44" pageId="4" pageNumber="41">
<subSubSection id="F6E16550FFC4FFDCFFFD10F9FED0294F" pageId="4" pageNumber="41" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="BE4436DBFFC4FFDCFFFD10F9FCCB296F" blockId="4.[151,876,501,559]" box="[151,876,501,527]" pageId="4" pageNumber="41">
<heading id="E50C81B7FFC4FFDCFFFD10F9FCCB296F" bold="true" box="[151,876,501,527]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="41" reason="1">
<emphasis id="8C8FEAC9FFC4FFDCFFFD10F9FCCB296F" bold="true" box="[151,876,501,527]" pageId="4" pageNumber="41">
<taxonomicName id="79FB4D58FFC4FFDCFFFD10F9FCA0296F" authority="Medianero &amp; Nieves-Aldrey" authorityName="Medianero &amp; Nieves-Aldrey" box="[151,775,501,527]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Loxaulus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="panamensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="8C8FEAC9FFC4FFDCFFFD10F9FE38296F" bold="true" box="[151,415,501,527]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="41">Loxaulus panamensis</emphasis>
Medianero &amp; Nieves-Aldrey
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="97BC57B2FFC4FFDCFC6410F9FCCB296F" box="[782,876,501,527]" pageId="4" pageNumber="41" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BE4436DBFFC4FFDCFFFD131BFED0294F" blockId="4.[151,876,501,559]" box="[151,375,535,559]" pageId="4" pageNumber="41">
(
<figureCitation id="26C02A5EFFC4FFDCFFF5131BFF49294F" box="[159,238,535,559]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1972,1995]" captionTargetBox="[180,1406,325,1967]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[180,1407,325,1967]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Loxaulus panamensis: (A) Head dorsal view. (B) Head anterior view. (C) Female antenna. (D) Detail of basal flagellomeres. (E) Detail of ultimate flagellomeres. (F) Pronotum antero-dorsal view. (G) Mesosoma dorsal view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/203685/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="41">Figs. 3</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="26C02A5EFFC4FFDCFF90131BFEAF294F" box="[250,264,535,559]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1682,1705]" captionTargetBox="[183,1403,193,1660]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[183,1403,193,1661]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Loxaulus panamensis: (A) Mesosoma lateral view. (B) Scutellum. (C) Propodeum. (D) Metatarsal claw. (E) Metasoma lateral view. (F) Detail of ventral spine of hypopygium, lateral view. (G) Detail of ventral spine of hypopygium." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/203686/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="41">4</figureCitation>
&amp;
<figureCitation id="26C02A5EFFC4FFDCFE46131BFE9E294F" box="[300,313,535,559]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1753,1776]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,663,1732]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,663,1732]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 5. Habitus. forewings and galls of Loxaulus species: (A) Loxaulus championi, female (B) forewing of female. (C) mature galls of Loxaulus championi. (D) Section of a gall of Loxaulus championi showing the cells. (E) Loxaulus panamensis, female. (F) forewing of female. (G) mature galls of Loxaulus panamensis showing the cells." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/203687/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="41">5</figureCitation>
E–G)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F6E16550FFC4FFDCFFFD136CFDDE284C" pageId="4" pageNumber="41" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="BE4436DBFFC4FFDCFFFD136CFDDE284C" blockId="4.[151,1437,607,2036]" pageId="4" pageNumber="41">
<emphasis id="8C8FEAC9FFC4FFDCFFFD136CFEE32918" bold="true" box="[151,324,607,632]" pageId="4" pageNumber="41">
<typeStatus id="61408879FFC4FFDCFFFD136CFF752918" box="[151,210,608,632]" pageId="4" pageNumber="41">Type</typeStatus>
material.
</emphasis>
<typeStatus id="61408879FFC4FFDCFE201353FE152917" box="[330,434,607,631]" pageId="4" pageNumber="41" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
Ƥ (
<figureCitation id="26C02A5EFFC4FFDCFEB61353FDBA2917" box="[476,541,607,631]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1753,1776]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,663,1732]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,663,1732]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 5. Habitus. forewings and galls of Loxaulus species: (A) Loxaulus championi, female (B) forewing of female. (C) mature galls of Loxaulus championi. (D) Section of a gall of Loxaulus championi showing the cells. (E) Loxaulus panamensis, female. (F) forewing of female. (G) mature galls of Loxaulus panamensis showing the cells." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/203687/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="41">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
E) (in Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, Madrid,
<collectingCountry id="C6EC764BFFC4FFDCFBE81353FB622917" box="[1154,1221,607,631]" name="Spain" pageId="4" pageNumber="41">Spain</collectingCountry>
, card mounted. Cat nº 2112).
<collectingCountry id="C6EC764BFFC4FFDCFE621388FE2529FC" box="[264,386,644,668]" name="Panama" pageId="4" pageNumber="41">PANAMA</collectingCountry>
, Chiriquí, Volcan Baru,
<geoCoordinate id="DBCF501CFFC4FFDCFDF11388FC8A29FC" box="[667,813,644,668]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="41" precision="1" value="8.776889">8°46´36.8”N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="DBCF501CFFC4FFDCFC511388FC7829FC" box="[827,991,644,668]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="41" precision="1" value="-82.52759">82°31´39.3”W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="79039B3EFFC4FFDCFC841388FBEF29FC" box="[1006,1096,644,668]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0789999999999997" pageId="4" pageNumber="41" unit="m" value="3079.0">3079 m</quantity>
; ex gall on stems of
<taxonomicName id="79FB4D58FFC4FFDCFA541389FE5A29DF" authority="Liebm." authorityName="Liebm." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="4" pageNumber="41" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bumelioides">
<emphasis id="8C8FEAC9FFC4FFDCFA541389FEB929A0" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="41">Quercus bumelioides</emphasis>
Liebm. (Fagaceae)
</taxonomicName>
, gall collected
<date id="CA45101BFFC4FFDCFDC313ABFCBC29DF" box="[681,795,679,703]" pageId="4" pageNumber="41" value="2010-05-26">26.v.2010</date>
, insect emerged
<date id="CA45101BFFC4FFDCFCB313ABFBB329DF" box="[985,1044,679,703]" pageId="4" pageNumber="41" value="2010-06">vi.10</date>
, E. Medianero leg.
<typeStatus id="61408879FFC4FFDCFB9F13A4FAC029A0" box="[1269,1383,680,704]" pageId="4" pageNumber="41" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
: 1Ƥ, same data as
<typeStatus id="61408879FFC4FFDCFE2913C0FE0E2984" box="[323,425,716,740]" pageId="4" pageNumber="41" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
.
<typeStatus id="61408879FFC4FFDCFED013C1FD8C2985" box="[442,555,717,741]" pageId="4" pageNumber="41" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
: 1Ƥ,
<collectingCountry id="C6EC764BFFC4FFDCFD1C13C0FD572984" box="[630,752,716,740]" name="Panama" pageId="4" pageNumber="41">PANAMA</collectingCountry>
, Chiriquí, Volcan Baru, on
<taxonomicName id="79FB4D58FFC4FFDCFB2313C1FEB22867" authority="Liebm." authorityName="Liebm." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="4" pageNumber="41" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bumelioides">
<emphasis id="8C8FEAC9FFC4FFDCFB2313C1FA9A2984" box="[1097,1341,716,740]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="41">Quercus bumelioides</emphasis>
Liebm. (Fagaceae)
</taxonomicName>
, collected
<date id="CA45101BFFC4FFDCFEE413E3FDB72867" box="[398,528,751,775]" pageId="4" pageNumber="41" value="2008-07-22">22.vii.2008</date>
, E. Medianero leg. One
<typeStatus id="61408879FFC4FFDCFC4C13FCFC362868" box="[806,913,752,776]" pageId="4" pageNumber="41" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
in
<collectionCode id="D8EAAE1EFFC4FFDCFCD213E3FBA82867" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35275" box="[952,1039,751,775]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35275" name="Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales" pageId="4" pageNumber="41">MNCN</collectionCode>
, one
<typeStatus id="61408879FFC4FFDCFB2113FCFB0C2868" box="[1099,1195,752,776]" pageId="4" pageNumber="41" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
in Maestría en Entomología, Universidad de
<collectingCountry id="C6EC764BFFC4FFDCFED81218FDAC284C" box="[434,523,788,812]" name="Panama" pageId="4" pageNumber="41">Panamá</collectingCountry>
(
<collectionCode id="D8EAAE1EFFC4FFDCFD731218FDCA284C" box="[537,621,788,812]" pageId="4" pageNumber="41">MEUP</collectionCode>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F6E16550FFC4FFDCFFAD1234FBAA282F" box="[199,1037,823,849]" pageId="4" pageNumber="41" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="BE4436DBFFC4FFDCFFAD1234FBAA282F" blockId="4.[151,1437,607,2036]" box="[199,1037,823,849]" pageId="4" pageNumber="41">
<emphasis id="8C8FEAC9FFC4FFDCFFAD1234FEE92830" bold="true" box="[199,334,824,848]" pageId="4" pageNumber="41">Etymology.</emphasis>
Named after the country where the new species was collected.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F6E16550FFC4FFDCFFAD1257FF412E60" pageId="4" pageNumber="41" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="BE4436DBFFC4FFDCFFAD1257FF412E60" blockId="4.[151,1437,607,2036]" pageId="4" pageNumber="41">
<emphasis id="8C8FEAC9FFC4FFDCFFAD1257FE592814" bold="true" box="[199,510,859,884]" pageId="4" pageNumber="41">Diagnosis and comments.</emphasis>
Closely resembles
<taxonomicName id="79FB4D58FFC4FFDCFD8E1251FCDB2814" box="[740,892,860,884]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Loxaulus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="championi">
<emphasis id="8C8FEAC9FFC4FFDCFD8E1251FCDB2814" box="[740,892,860,884]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="41">L. championi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
described above in majority of morphological characteristics. The species differs mainly by the relative length of notauli and the length of F1 and F2.
<taxonomicName id="79FB4D58FFC4FFDCFA48128DFF1C28DC" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Loxaulus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="championi">
<emphasis id="8C8FEAC9FFC4FFDCFA48128DFF1C28DC" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="41">L. championi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have F2 as long as F1, whereas F2 is 1.2 times as long as F
<quantity id="79039B3EFFC4FFDCFC3A12A8FCD028DC" box="[848,887,932,956]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.54" pageId="4" pageNumber="41" unit="in" value="1.0">1 in</quantity>
<taxonomicName id="79FB4D58FFC4FFDCFC1712A9FBB428DC" box="[893,1043,933,956]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Loxaulus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="panamenis">
<emphasis id="8C8FEAC9FFC4FFDCFC1712A9FBB428DC" box="[893,1043,933,956]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="41">L. panamenis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<taxonomicName id="79FB4D58FFC4FFDCFB4B12A9FB1428DC" box="[1057,1203,932,956]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Loxaulus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="championi">
<emphasis id="8C8FEAC9FFC4FFDCFB4B12A9FB1428DC" box="[1057,1203,932,956]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="41">L. championi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have notauli distinct only in posterior one third of mesoscutum whereas the notauli are nearly complete wider and deeper in
<taxonomicName id="79FB4D58FFC4FFDCFA5112C5FF442F64" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Loxaulus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="panamensis">
<emphasis id="8C8FEAC9FFC4FFDCFA5112C5FF442F64" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="41">L. panamensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Additionally,
<taxonomicName id="79FB4D58FFC4FFDCFEFA12E1FD802F64" box="[400,551,1004,1028]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Loxaulus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="championi">
<emphasis id="8C8FEAC9FFC4FFDCFEFA12E1FD802F64" box="[400,551,1004,1028]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="41">L. championi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have the lateral propodeal carinae parallel and slightly branched posteriorly, and the area between the median and the lateral propdeal carinae is rugose, whereas the lateral propodeal carinae are slightly convergent posteriorly in
<emphasis id="8C8FEAC9FFC4FFDCFD551539FD792F2C" box="[575,734,1077,1100]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="41">
<taxonomicName id="79FB4D58FFC4FFDCFD551539FD7E2F2C" box="[575,729,1077,1100]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Loxaulus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="panamenis">L. panamenis</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
and the surface between lateral and medial carinae is smooth. Another minor differences can be noted as follows:
<taxonomicName id="79FB4D58FFC4FFDCFD981555FC3F2F10" box="[754,920,1113,1136]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Loxaulus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="panamensis">
<emphasis id="8C8FEAC9FFC4FFDCFD981555FC3F2F10" box="[754,920,1113,1136]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="41">L. panamensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has the lateral surface of the pronotum with some longitudinal wrinkles, radial cell 3.8 times longer than wide, with well visible infuscation below areolet, and body mostly yellowish brown, while
<taxonomicName id="79FB4D58FFC4FFDCFD5C15ADFD6D2FD8" box="[566,714,1184,1208]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Loxaulus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="championi">
<emphasis id="8C8FEAC9FFC4FFDCFD5C15ADFD6D2FD8" box="[566,714,1184,1208]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="41">L. championi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a coriaceous lateral surface of the pronotum, radial cell only 3.1 times longer than wide, with very diffuse infuscate area below areolet, and the body is mostly dark reddish– brown.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F6E16550FFC4FFDFFFAD1407FA8C2A94" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="44" pageId="4" pageNumber="41" type="description">
<paragraph id="BE4436DBFFC4FFDCFFAD1407FF7D2ED4" blockId="4.[151,1437,607,2036]" pageId="4" pageNumber="41">
<emphasis id="8C8FEAC9FFC4FFDCFFAD1407FEFE2E44" bold="true" box="[199,345,1291,1316]" pageId="4" pageNumber="41">Description.</emphasis>
Female body length 2.0 mm (N =3). Head, mesosoma, and metasoma yellowish brown with ocellar triangle, lateral surface of pronotum, scutellum (except by medial area), mesopleuron, metapectal-propodeal complex, distal half of antennae, metafemora and tibiae dark brown to black. Forewing hyaline with some very light infumation below the areolet area, veins light to dark brown, with the area of 2r vein and basalis slightly darkened..
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BE4436DBFFC4FFDCFFAD14CCFC472C7C" blockId="4.[151,1437,607,2036]" pageId="4" pageNumber="41">
<emphasis id="8C8FEAC9FFC4FFDCFFAD14CCFE852EB8" box="[199,290,1472,1496]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="41">Female.</emphasis>
Head coriaceous, in dorsal view about 2.2 times wider than long, 1.14 times broader than thorax. Genae strongly broadened behind eyes. POL 1.3 times longer than OOL, posterior ocellus separated from inner orbit of eye by 2.6 times its longest diameter (
<figureCitation id="26C02A5EFFC4FFDCFDFC1704FD702D40" box="[662,727,1544,1568]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1972,1995]" captionTargetBox="[180,1406,325,1967]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[180,1407,325,1967]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Loxaulus panamensis: (A) Head dorsal view. (B) Head anterior view. (C) Female antenna. (D) Detail of basal flagellomeres. (E) Detail of ultimate flagellomeres. (F) Pronotum antero-dorsal view. (G) Mesosoma dorsal view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/203685/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="41">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
A). Head in anterior view (
<figureCitation id="26C02A5EFFC4FFDCFB691704FBE22D40" box="[1027,1093,1544,1568]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1972,1995]" captionTargetBox="[180,1406,325,1967]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[180,1407,325,1967]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Loxaulus panamensis: (A) Head dorsal view. (B) Head anterior view. (C) Female antenna. (D) Detail of basal flagellomeres. (E) Detail of ultimate flagellomeres. (F) Pronotum antero-dorsal view. (G) Mesosoma dorsal view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/203685/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="41">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
B), ovate, 1.3 times wider than high. Vertex, frons, face, gena and occiput coriaceous with sparse gold setae on the face and vertex, radiating striae from clypeus absent. Clypeus square, coriaceous and moderately pubescent with ventral margin sinuate and slightly projecting over mandibles. Anterior tentorial pits well visible with epistomal sulcus and clypeo-pleurostomal lines slightly marked. Malar space 0.4 times height of compound eye, with a distinctive malar sulcus. Toruli situated slightly above mid-height of compound eye; distance between antennal rim and compound eye one times width of antennal socket including rim. Ocellar plate not raised. Head, posterior view without occipital carina. Mouthparts (
<figureCitation id="26C02A5EFFC4FFDCFE4D1608FECD2C7C" box="[295,362,1796,1820]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1972,1995]" captionTargetBox="[180,1406,325,1967]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[180,1407,325,1967]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Loxaulus panamensis: (A) Head dorsal view. (B) Head anterior view. (C) Female antenna. (D) Detail of basal flagellomeres. (E) Detail of ultimate flagellomeres. (F) Pronotum antero-dorsal view. (G) Mesosoma dorsal view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/203685/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="41">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
B): mandibles strong, exposed; with dense setae at base.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BE4436DBFFC4FFDCFFAF1624FE8B2C94" blockId="4.[151,1437,607,2036]" pageId="4" pageNumber="41">
Antenna (
<figureCitation id="26C02A5EFFC4FFDCFE5C1624FEDD2C20" box="[310,378,1832,1856]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1972,1995]" captionTargetBox="[180,1406,325,1967]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[180,1407,325,1967]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Loxaulus panamensis: (A) Head dorsal view. (B) Head anterior view. (C) Female antenna. (D) Detail of basal flagellomeres. (E) Detail of ultimate flagellomeres. (F) Pronotum antero-dorsal view. (G) Mesosoma dorsal view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/203685/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="41">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
C–E) of moderate length, as long as 1/2 body length, with 13 antennomeres; flagellum not broadening towards apex; with short erect setae, and elongate placodeal sensilla visible (
<figureCitation id="26C02A5EFFC4FFDCFB101640FB1B2C04" box="[1146,1212,1868,1892]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1972,1995]" captionTargetBox="[180,1406,325,1967]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[180,1407,325,1967]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Loxaulus panamensis: (A) Head dorsal view. (B) Head anterior view. (C) Female antenna. (D) Detail of basal flagellomeres. (E) Detail of ultimate flagellomeres. (F) Pronotum antero-dorsal view. (G) Mesosoma dorsal view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/203685/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="41">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
C). Relative lengths of antennal segments: 16:15:20:25:21:21:19:18:17:17:16:15:29. Pedicel, 0.9 as long as scape, 1.4 as long as wide;. F1 0.8 times as long as F2 (
<figureCitation id="26C02A5EFFC4FFDCFEA01698FDAB2CCC" box="[458,524,1940,1964]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1972,1995]" captionTargetBox="[180,1406,325,1967]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[180,1407,325,1967]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Loxaulus panamensis: (A) Head dorsal view. (B) Head anterior view. (C) Female antenna. (D) Detail of basal flagellomeres. (E) Detail of ultimate flagellomeres. (F) Pronotum antero-dorsal view. (G) Mesosoma dorsal view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/203685/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="41">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
D). F4-F11 longer than wide, F11 2.9 times longer than wide, 2.1 times as long as F10 (
<figureCitation id="26C02A5EFFC4FFDCFFBD16B4FEB92CB0" box="[215,286,1976,2000]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1972,1995]" captionTargetBox="[180,1406,325,1967]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[180,1407,325,1967]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Loxaulus panamensis: (A) Head dorsal view. (B) Head anterior view. (C) Female antenna. (D) Detail of basal flagellomeres. (E) Detail of ultimate flagellomeres. (F) Pronotum antero-dorsal view. (G) Mesosoma dorsal view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/203685/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="41">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
E). Placodeal sensillae on F3-F11 disposed in one row of 5 sensillae in half dorsal area of each flagellomere.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BE4436DBFFC5FFDDFFAF1194FF622A7C" blockId="5.[151,1436,151,284]" pageId="5" pageNumber="42">
Mesosoma. Coriaceous, in lateral view 1.25 times as long as high, slightly convex dorsally (
<figureCitation id="26C02A5EFFC5FFDDFBB5119BFA832BCF" box="[1247,1316,151,175]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1682,1705]" captionTargetBox="[183,1403,193,1660]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[183,1403,193,1661]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Loxaulus panamensis: (A) Mesosoma lateral view. (B) Scutellum. (C) Propodeum. (D) Metatarsal claw. (E) Metasoma lateral view. (F) Detail of ventral spine of hypopygium, lateral view. (G) Detail of ventral spine of hypopygium." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/203686/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="42">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
A). Pronotum, scarcely pubescent; lateral surface of pronotum coriaceous with longitudinal wrinkles dorsally (
<figureCitation id="26C02A5EFFC5FFDDFB9411B0FAE62BB4" box="[1278,1345,188,212]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1682,1705]" captionTargetBox="[183,1403,193,1660]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[183,1403,193,1661]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Loxaulus panamensis: (A) Mesosoma lateral view. (B) Scutellum. (C) Propodeum. (D) Metatarsal claw. (E) Metasoma lateral view. (F) Detail of ventral spine of hypopygium, lateral view. (G) Detail of ventral spine of hypopygium." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/203686/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="42">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
A). Pronotum short medially, ratio of length of pronotum medially/laterally = 0.4. Pronotal plate indistinct dorsally (
<figureCitation id="26C02A5EFFC5FFDDFA0511D3FF022A7C" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1972,1995]" captionTargetBox="[180,1406,325,1967]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[180,1407,325,1967]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Loxaulus panamensis: (A) Head dorsal view. (B) Head anterior view. (C) Female antenna. (D) Detail of basal flagellomeres. (E) Detail of ultimate flagellomeres. (F) Pronotum antero-dorsal view. (G) Mesosoma dorsal view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/203685/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="42">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
F).
</paragraph>
<caption id="EA846653FFC5FFDDFFFD16B8FAB42C89" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/203685/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" targetBox="[180,1406,325,1967]" targetPageId="5">
<paragraph id="BE4436DBFFC5FFDDFFFD16B8FAB42C89" blockId="5.[151,1436,1972,2026]" pageId="5" pageNumber="42">
<emphasis id="8C8FEAC9FFC5FFDDFFFD16B8FEB22CAA" bold="true" box="[151,277,1972,1995]" pageId="5" pageNumber="42">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="79FB4D58FFC5FFDDFE7416B9FE5C2CAB" box="[286,507,1973,1995]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Loxaulus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="panamensis">
<emphasis id="8C8FEAC9FFC5FFDDFE7416B9FE5C2CAB" box="[286,507,1973,1995]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="42">Loxaulus panamensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: (A) Head dorsal view. (B) Head anterior view. (C) Female antenna. (D) Detail of basal flagellomeres. (E) Detail of ultimate flagellomeres. (F) Pronotum antero-dorsal view. (G) Mesosoma dorsal view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="EA846653FFC6FFDEFFFD179EFAE72DA7" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/203686/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="43" targetBox="[183,1403,193,1660]" targetPageId="6">
<paragraph id="BE4436DBFFC6FFDEFFFD179EFAE72DA7" blockId="6.[151,1435,1682,1736]" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">
<emphasis id="8C8FEAC9FFC6FFDEFFFD179EFEB52DC8" bold="true" box="[151,274,1682,1705]" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="79FB4D58FFC6FFDEFE73179FFE542DC9" box="[281,499,1683,1705]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Loxaulus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="panamensis">
<emphasis id="8C8FEAC9FFC6FFDEFE73179FFE542DC9" box="[281,499,1683,1705]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">Loxaulus panamensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: (A) Mesosoma lateral view. (B) Scutellum. (C) Propodeum. (D) Metatarsal claw. (E) Metasoma lateral view. (F) Detail of ventral spine of hypopygium, lateral view. (G) Detail of ventral spine of hypopygium.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="BE4436DBFFC6FFDEFFAF17F9FB7F2CFC" blockId="6.[151,1437,1780,2021]" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">
Mesonotum (
<figureCitation id="26C02A5EFFC6FFDEFE3317F8FE3C2C6C" box="[345,411,1780,1804]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1972,1995]" captionTargetBox="[180,1406,325,1967]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[180,1407,325,1967]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Loxaulus panamensis: (A) Head dorsal view. (B) Head anterior view. (C) Female antenna. (D) Detail of basal flagellomeres. (E) Detail of ultimate flagellomeres. (F) Pronotum antero-dorsal view. (G) Mesosoma dorsal view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/203685/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
G). Mesoscutum coriaceous and barely pubescent, slightly longer than broad in dorsal view. Notauli nearly percurrent, only slightly faint in anterior one third of mesoscutum, slightly convergent posteriorly, at meeting of transscutal fissure; median mesoscutal impression absent. Anteroadmedian signa faint, not clearly marked, parapsidal signa clearly visible. Transscutal fissure narrow, well-visible, deeply impressed, slightly sinuate. Scutellum, scutellar foveae (
<figureCitation id="26C02A5EFFC6FFDEFD6F1688FDEE2CFC" box="[517,585,1924,1948]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1682,1705]" captionTargetBox="[183,1403,193,1660]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[183,1403,193,1661]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Loxaulus panamensis: (A) Mesosoma lateral view. (B) Scutellum. (C) Propodeum. (D) Metatarsal claw. (E) Metasoma lateral view. (F) Detail of ventral spine of hypopygium, lateral view. (G) Detail of ventral spine of hypopygium." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/203686/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
B), axillula and mesopleuron (
<figureCitation id="26C02A5EFFC6FFDEFCF11688FC792CFC" box="[923,990,1924,1948]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1682,1705]" captionTargetBox="[183,1403,193,1660]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[183,1403,193,1661]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Loxaulus panamensis: (A) Mesosoma lateral view. (B) Scutellum. (C) Propodeum. (D) Metatarsal claw. (E) Metasoma lateral view. (F) Detail of ventral spine of hypopygium, lateral view. (G) Detail of ventral spine of hypopygium." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/203686/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
A) as in
<taxonomicName id="79FB4D58FFC6FFDEFB571689FB762CFC" box="[1085,1233,1924,1948]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Loxaulus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="championi">
<emphasis id="8C8FEAC9FFC6FFDEFB571689FB762CFC" box="[1085,1233,1924,1948]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">L. championi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BE4436DBFFC6FFDFFFAF16A5FCEE2BB4" blockId="6.[151,1437,1780,2021]" lastBlockId="7.[151,1437,151,608]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="44" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">
Metanotum (
<figureCitation id="26C02A5EFFC6FFDEFE3C16A4FE3C2CA0" box="[342,411,1960,1984]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1682,1705]" captionTargetBox="[183,1403,193,1660]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[183,1403,193,1661]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Loxaulus panamensis: (A) Mesosoma lateral view. (B) Scutellum. (C) Propodeum. (D) Metatarsal claw. (E) Metasoma lateral view. (F) Detail of ventral spine of hypopygium, lateral view. (G) Detail of ventral spine of hypopygium." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/203686/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
C). Metapectal-propodeal complex. Metapleural sulcus reaching posterior margin of mesopectus at about two thirds height (
<figureCitation id="26C02A5EFFC6FFDEFD4116C0FDD52C84" box="[555,626,1996,2020]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1682,1705]" captionTargetBox="[183,1403,193,1660]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[183,1403,193,1661]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Loxaulus panamensis: (A) Mesosoma lateral view. (B) Scutellum. (C) Propodeum. (D) Metatarsal claw. (E) Metasoma lateral view. (F) Detail of ventral spine of hypopygium, lateral view. (G) Detail of ventral spine of hypopygium." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/203686/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
A). Lateral propodeal carinae subparallel, slightly convergent and not branched posteriorly, median longitudinal carinae present and complete, median propodeal area smooth (
<figureCitation id="26C02A5EFFC7FFDFFA5C119BFADD2BCF" box="[1334,1402,151,175]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1682,1705]" captionTargetBox="[183,1403,193,1660]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[183,1403,193,1661]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Loxaulus panamensis: (A) Mesosoma lateral view. (B) Scutellum. (C) Propodeum. (D) Metatarsal claw. (E) Metasoma lateral view. (F) Detail of ventral spine of hypopygium, lateral view. (G) Detail of ventral spine of hypopygium." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/203686/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
C), lateral propodeal area with reticulate carinae and almost bare.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BE4436DBFFC7FFDFFFAF11ECFB312B97" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,608]" box="[197,1174,223,248]" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">
Legs. metatarsal claws simple, without a strong triangular basal lobe or teeth (
<figureCitation id="26C02A5EFFC7FFDFFB4511D3FBD42B97" box="[1071,1139,223,247]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1682,1705]" captionTargetBox="[183,1403,193,1660]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[183,1403,193,1661]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Loxaulus panamensis: (A) Mesosoma lateral view. (B) Scutellum. (C) Propodeum. (D) Metatarsal claw. (E) Metasoma lateral view. (F) Detail of ventral spine of hypopygium, lateral view. (G) Detail of ventral spine of hypopygium." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/203686/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
D).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BE4436DBFFC7FFDFFFAF1008FB382A04" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,608]" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">
Forewing (
<figureCitation id="26C02A5EFFC7FFDFFE2A1008FE242A7C" box="[320,387,260,284]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1753,1776]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,663,1732]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,663,1732]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 5. Habitus. forewings and galls of Loxaulus species: (A) Loxaulus championi, female (B) forewing of female. (C) mature galls of Loxaulus championi. (D) Section of a gall of Loxaulus championi showing the cells. (E) Loxaulus panamensis, female. (F) forewing of female. (G) mature galls of Loxaulus panamensis showing the cells." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/203687/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
F) slightly longer than body, radial cell 3.8 times longer than wide; open along anterior margin; areolet small, triangular, closed and distinct. M nearly straight, not reaching wing margin. Rs slightly bowed. Rs+M not reaching basalis. Rs and M unpigmented. Apical margin of wing with hair fringe.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BE4436DBFFC7FFDFFFAF107CFBF52ACC" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,608]" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">
Metasoma (
<figureCitation id="26C02A5EFFC7FFDFFE231063FE2B2AE7" box="[329,396,367,391]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1682,1705]" captionTargetBox="[183,1403,193,1660]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[183,1403,193,1661]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Loxaulus panamensis: (A) Mesosoma lateral view. (B) Scutellum. (C) Propodeum. (D) Metatarsal claw. (E) Metasoma lateral view. (F) Detail of ventral spine of hypopygium, lateral view. (G) Detail of ventral spine of hypopygium." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/203686/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
E) as in
<emphasis id="8C8FEAC9FFC7FFDFFE83107DFD232AE8" box="[489,644,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">
<taxonomicName id="79FB4D58FFC7FFDFFE83107DFD262AE8" box="[489,641,368,392]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Loxaulus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="championi">L. championi</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
Projecting part of hypopygial spine about 2.9 times as long as wide in lateral view (
<figureCitation id="26C02A5EFFC7FFDFFE431098FECA2ACC" box="[297,365,404,428]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1682,1705]" captionTargetBox="[183,1403,193,1660]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[183,1403,193,1661]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Loxaulus panamensis: (A) Mesosoma lateral view. (B) Scutellum. (C) Propodeum. (D) Metatarsal claw. (E) Metasoma lateral view. (F) Detail of ventral spine of hypopygium, lateral view. (G) Detail of ventral spine of hypopygium." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/203686/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
F), with some sparse long setae not reaching apex spine (
<figureCitation id="26C02A5EFFC7FFDFFC811098FB892ACC" box="[1003,1070,404,428]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1682,1705]" captionTargetBox="[183,1403,193,1660]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[183,1403,193,1661]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Loxaulus panamensis: (A) Mesosoma lateral view. (B) Scutellum. (C) Propodeum. (D) Metatarsal claw. (E) Metasoma lateral view. (F) Detail of ventral spine of hypopygium, lateral view. (G) Detail of ventral spine of hypopygium." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/203686/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
G).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BE4436DBFFC7FFDFFFAD10B4FA8C2A94" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,608]" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">
<emphasis id="8C8FEAC9FFC7FFDFFFAD10B4FF5E2AB0" box="[199,249,440,464]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">Gall</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="26C02A5EFFC7FFDFFE6310BBFEEB2AAF" box="[265,332,439,463]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1753,1776]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,663,1732]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,663,1732]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 5. Habitus. forewings and galls of Loxaulus species: (A) Loxaulus championi, female (B) forewing of female. (C) mature galls of Loxaulus championi. (D) Section of a gall of Loxaulus championi showing the cells. (E) Loxaulus panamensis, female. (F) forewing of female. (G) mature galls of Loxaulus panamensis showing the cells." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/203687/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
G). Cryptic, polythalamous in twigs. There is a only a slight stem hyperthrophy and the galls are barely detected before adults emergence. The gall consist of small ellipsoidal larval cells inside of twigs.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F6E16550FFC7FFDFFFAD10F3FAAA2977" box="[199,1293,511,536]" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="BE4436DBFFC7FFDFFFAD10F3FAAA2977" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,608]" box="[199,1293,511,536]" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">
<emphasis id="8C8FEAC9FFC7FFDFFFAD10F3FEC72978" bold="true" box="[199,352,511,536]" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">Distribution.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="79FB4D58FFC7FFDFFE0D130CFDFE2978" box="[359,601,512,536]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Loxaulus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="panamensis">
<emphasis id="8C8FEAC9FFC7FFDFFE0D130CFDFE2978" box="[359,601,512,536]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">Loxaulus panamensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was found to
<quantity id="79039B3EFFC7FFDFFD9D10F3FCEB2977" box="[759,844,511,535]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0789999999999997" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" unit="m" value="3079.0">3079 m</quantity>
a.s.l. at Volcan Baru, Chiriqui,
<collectingCountry id="C6EC764BFFC7FFDFFBC7130CFAAE2977" box="[1197,1289,512,535]" name="Panama" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">Panama</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F6E16550FFC7FFDFFFAD132FFB96293F" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="BE4436DBFFC7FFDFFFAD132FFB96293F" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,608]" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">
<emphasis id="8C8FEAC9FFC7FFDFFFAD132FFE80295C" bold="true" box="[199,295,547,572]" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">Biology.</emphasis>
Only the asexual generation is known, inducing galls on
<taxonomicName id="79FB4D58FFC7FFDFFCC51329FB53295C" authority="Liebm." authorityName="Liebm." box="[943,1268,548,572]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bumelioides">
<emphasis id="8C8FEAC9FFC7FFDFFCC51329FB3B295C" box="[943,1180,548,572]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">Quercus bumelioides</emphasis>
Liebm.
</taxonomicName>
(section
<taxonomicName id="79FB4D58FFC7FFDFFA311328FF66293F" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Quercus</taxonomicName>
). The galls are found between May and July during the rain season in
<collectingCountry id="C6EC764BFFC7FFDFFCBB1344FB8A293F" box="[977,1069,584,607]" name="Panama" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">Panama</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
Reference in a new issue View git blame Copy permalink