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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.165.55948" ID-GBIF-Dataset="6ff8d739-21dc-4fd2-b012-f516d5525103" ID-PMC="PMC7642159" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-165-27" ID-Pensoft-UUID="FACD36B5F24A57F3AD4B88EEDC3EE9B5" ID-PubMed="33192144" ModsDocID="1314-2003-165-27" checkinTime="1603924992291" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Soreng, Robert J., Sylvester, Steven P., Sylvester, Mitsy D. P. V. &amp; Clark, Vincent Ralph" docDate="2020" docId="1596EEC5BD855EF896F5BFF05BFAD5E6" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 165: 27-50" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 165" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.165.55948" docTitle="Poa annua L. Sp. Pl. 1: 68 1753" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="FACD36B5F24A57F3AD4B88EEDC3EE9B5" lastPageNumber="27" masterDocId="FACD36B5F24A57F3AD4B88EEDC3EE9B5" masterDocTitle="New records and key to Poa (Pooideae, Poaceae) from the Flora of Southern Africa region and notes on taxa including a diclinous breeding system in Poa binata" masterLastPageNumber="50" masterPageNumber="27" pageNumber="27" updateTime="1668140099267" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>New records and key to Poa (Pooideae, Poaceae) from the Flora of Southern Africa region and notes on taxa including a diclinous breeding system in Poa binata</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Soreng, Robert J.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Botany, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington DC 20560, USA</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8358-4915</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">sorengr@si.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Sylvester, Steven P.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Long Pan Road No. 159, Nanjing, 210037, China</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5577-8782</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Sylvester, Mitsy D. P. V.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Long Pan Road No. 159, Nanjing, 210037, China</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3582-0327</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Clark, Vincent Ralph</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Afromontane Research Unit and Department of Geography, University of the Free State, Qwaqwa Campus, Phuthaditjhaba, 9866, South Africa</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5058-0742</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>PhytoKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2020</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>165</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>27</mods:start>
<mods:end>50</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.165.55948</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.165.55948</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-165-27</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">FACD36B5F24A57F3AD4B88EEDC3EE9B5</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="168653233" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1596EEC5BD855EF896F5BFF05BFAD5E6" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1596EEC5BD855EF896F5BFF05BFAD5E6" lastPageNumber="27" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="27" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
<taxonomicName LSID="1596EEC5-BD85-5EF8-96F5-BFF05BFAD5E6" authority="L. Sp. Pl. 1: 68 1753." authorityName="L. Sp. Pl. 1: 68" authorityYear="1753" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Poa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Poa annua" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="annua">Poa annua L. Sp. Pl. 1: 68 1753.</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="27" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
<taxonomicName authorityName="H. Scholz" authorityYear="2003" baseAuthorityName="L." class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Ochlopoa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Ochlopoa annua" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="annua">Ochlopoa annua</taxonomicName>
(L.) H. Scholz, Ber. Inst. Lanschafts-Pflanzenokologie Univ. Hohenheim Beih. 16: 58. 2003.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="27" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Type.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Habitat in Europa ad vias. (lectotype, designated by Soreng 2020: 254: LINN (LINN-87.17!, right-hand plant)).</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="27" type="many heterotypic synonyms">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Many heterotypic synonyms.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
-
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. subsp. sect." pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rank="section" section="Micrantherae">P. sect. Micrantherae</taxonomicName>
Stapf, Fl. Brit. India 7(22): 343. 1897 [1896]. Type,
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. annua" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rank="species" species="annua">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">P. annua</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
L.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="27" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">widespread in Lesotho and South Africa. Introduced, native to Eurasia and North Africa, now worldwide.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="27" type="ecology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Ecology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">weedy in temperate climates.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="27" type="flowering">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Flowering.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">anytime.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="27" type="economics">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Economics.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">common, a pesky garden, lawn and trail weed of little consequence.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="27" type="vouchers">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Vouchers.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Lesotho</emphasis>
. Menoaneng Pass, on road between Rafolatsane and Thaba-Tseka,
<geoCoordinate degrees="29.427251" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-29.427252">S29.427251</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate degrees="28.947895" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="28.947895">E28.947895</geoCoordinate>
, 3086 m alt., basaltic substrate, Afro-alpine grassland, 24 Feb 2020, S.P. Sylvester et al. 3609 (PRE, US); Sani Pass area, close to Sani river northwest of Sani Mountain Lodge,
<geoCoordinate degrees="29.562993" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-29.562992">S29.562993</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate degrees="29.246806" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="29.246805">E29.246806</geoCoordinate>
, 2803 m alt., basaltic substrate, short Afro-alpine grassland, close to a pool of water, frequently to heavily grazed, 26 Feb 2020, S.P. Sylvester et al. 3625 (NU, PRE, US).
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">South Africa</emphasis>
. Eastern Cape: Naudes Nek pass, near Rhodes, in grassland next to radio tower,
<geoCoordinate degrees="30.764488" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-30.764488">S30.764488</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate degrees="28.090455" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="28.090454">E28.090455</geoCoordinate>
, 2607 m alt., basaltic substrate, overgrazed alpine grassland with some low
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Erica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Erica" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Erica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Helichrysum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Helichrysum" order="Asterales" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Helichrysum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
shrubs, gently sloping, moderately deep soil, 13 Feb 2020, S.P. Sylvester et al. 3503 (NU, PRE, US); Eastern Cape: Tiffindell Ski Area,
<geoCoordinate degrees="30.675222" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-30.675222">S30.675222</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate degrees="27.959111" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="27.95911">E27.959111</geoCoordinate>
, 2529 m alt., basaltic substrate, heavily-grazed livestock paddocks amongst alpine grassland, 12 Feb 2020, S.P. Sylvester et al. 3472 (NU, PRE, US); Eastern Cape: Tiffindell Ski Area,
<geoCoordinate degrees="30.675667" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-30.675667">S30.675667</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate degrees="27.958950" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="27.95895">E27.958950</geoCoordinate>
, 2532 m alt., basaltic substrate, grazed alpine grassland next to livestock paddocks, 12 Feb 2020, S.P. Sylvester et al. 3477 (NU, PRE, US).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="27" type="notes">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Notes.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
<taxonomicName authorityName="L. Sp. Pl. 1: 68" authorityYear="1753" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Poa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Poa annua" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="annua">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Poa annua</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a tetraploid species derived from hybridisation, somewhere around the Mediterranean Sea, between two diploids that overlap in that region:
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. infirma" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rank="species" species="infirma">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">P. infirma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(maternal parent, contributor of the plastid genotype) and
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. supina" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rank="species" species="supina">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">P. supina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Schrad. (paternal parent, providing the nuclear ribosomal internal [and also external] transcribed spacer genotypes) (
<bibRefCitation author="Soreng, RJ" editor="Seberg, O" journalOrPublisher="Aarhus University Press, Aarhus" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" pagination="619 - 644" refId="B21" refString="Soreng, RJ, Bull, RD, Gillespie, LJ, 2010. Phylogeny and reticulation in Poa based on plastid trnTLF and nrITS sequences with attention to diploids. In: Seberg, O, Petersen, G, Barfod, AS, Davis, JI, Eds., Diversity, Phylogeny, and Evolution in the Monocotyledons. Aarhus University Press, Aarhus: 619 - 644" title="Phylogeny and reticulation in Poa based on plastid trnTLF and nrITS sequences with attention to diploids." volumeTitle="Diversity, Phylogeny, and Evolution in the Monocotyledons." year="2010">Soreng et al. 2010</bibRefCitation>
). It is sometimes considered the
<normalizedToken originalValue="worlds">world's</normalizedToken>
most widespread weed.
<taxonomicName authorityName="L. Sp. Pl. 1: 68" authorityYear="1753" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Poa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Poa annua" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="annua">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Poa annua</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
grades in form in the directions of both parents, sometimes making it tricky to differentiate, especially from
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. infirma" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rank="species" species="infirma">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">P. infirma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Hybrids with
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. supina" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rank="species" species="supina">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">P. supina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, called
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. nannfeldtii" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rank="species" species="nannfeldtii">
P.
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
nannfeldtii
</taxonomicName>
(H. Scholz ex Val.N.Tikhom.) Nosov, exhibit a C-value indicative of triploidy (Soreng, pers. obs.). Self-compatible, mostly inbreeding, it is gynomonoecious. The upper florets within spikelets being pistillate facilitates outcrossing. 2
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">n</emphasis>
=
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">28</emphasis>
. -
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Mimu</emphasis>
genotype.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>