197 lines
22 KiB
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197 lines
22 KiB
XML
<document id="8CB6F19FD76769BB327E1DDDFA6FEB24" ID-CLB-Dataset="30626" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4387.3.4" ID-GBIF-Dataset="43de8956-0706-4f8d-b5a9-f51c30c276d8" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1187697" ID-ZooBank="B53A6B20-5386-4E5A-A00F-A559EDF640DF" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1520059483769" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Fernández, Mercedes, Fernicola, Juan Carlos, Cerdeño, Esperanza & Reguero, Marcelo A." docDate="2018" docId="03EC879BCF47830FC1922F5F8F42FBE2" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4387.3.4.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4387 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Patriarchus icochiloides Ameghino 1894" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="494" masterDocId="FFD5FFE3CF53831AC10528498E40FFD5" masterDocTitle="Identification of type materials of the species of Protypotherium Ameghino, 1885 and Patriarchus Ameghino, 1889 (Notoungulata: Interatheriidae) erected by Florentino Ameghino" masterLastPageNumber="498" masterPageNumber="473" pageNumber="493" updateTime="1698526258101" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="E2118ABCC7C392DA74C2CE872BE7ABE1">Identification of type materials of the species of Protypotherium Ameghino, 1885 and Patriarchus Ameghino, 1889 (Notoungulata: Interatheriidae) erected by Florentino Ameghino</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="213A3ABACD09C2E74FC7FEB180DF558A">Fernández, Mercedes</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="758ECF5090966B50ADE3D7CFB0700BBC">Fernicola, Juan Carlos</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="0A916AEC85BB320792C057ED3EADF2E2">Cerdeño, Esperanza</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="0F11314ADF43E844B34280C61EC301D2">Reguero, Marcelo A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="607074FC584D8A5BEB68F0DEA2ECC15D">2018</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="AFA31234BF79E590F32F79F5EEC01DC6">4387</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03EC879BCF47830FC1922F5F8F42FBE2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5986715" ID-GBIF-Taxon="141264039" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5986715" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EC879BCF47830FC1922F5F8F42FBE2" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03EC879BCF47830FC1922F5F8F42FBE2" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="494" pageId="20" pageNumber="493">
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<subSubSection id="C35F6506CF47830EC1922F5F8CDCF8E4" box="[151,668,1814,1841]" pageId="20" pageNumber="493" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BFA368DCF47830EC1922F5F8CDCF8E4" blockId="20.[151,668,1814,1841]" box="[151,668,1814,1841]" pageId="20" pageNumber="493">
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<heading id="D0B281E1CF47830EC1922F5F8CDCF8E4" bold="true" box="[151,668,1814,1841]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="20" pageNumber="493" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C454D0ECF47830EC1922F5F8CDCF8E4" authority="Ameghino, 1894 a" authorityName="Ameghino" authorityYear="1894" box="[151,668,1814,1841]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Patriarchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="20" pageNumber="493" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="icochiloides">
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<emphasis id="B931EA9FCF47830EC1922F5F8CDCF8E4" bold="true" box="[151,668,1814,1841]" pageId="20" pageNumber="493">
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<emphasis id="B931EA9FCF47830EC1922F5F8FFDF8E5" bold="true" box="[151,445,1814,1840]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="493">Patriarchus icochiloides</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B7CCF47830EC0C12F5E8CDCF8E4" box="[452,668,1815,1841]" pageId="20" pageNumber="493" refId="ref17123" refString="Ameghino, F. (1894 a) Enumeration synoptique des especes de mammiferes fossiles des formations eocenes de Patagonie. Coni e hijos, Buenos Aires, 196 pp." type="book">Ameghino, 1894a</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C35F6506CF47830EC1922F148BCEF84F" pageId="20" pageNumber="493" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BFA368DCF47830EC1922F148BCEF84F" blockId="20.[151,1436,1885,2018]" pageId="20" pageNumber="493">
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<emphasis id="B931EA9FCF47830EC1922F148F4BF8A3" bold="true" box="[151,267,1885,1910]" pageId="20" pageNumber="493">Holotype.</emphasis>
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MACN-A 4021 (
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<figureCitation id="137E2A08CF47830EC0D42F148C6DF8A3" box="[465,557,1885,1910]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="16.[151,249,1284,1306]" captionTargetBox="[162,1415,221,1217]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[155,1432,193,1262]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 4. Patriarchus leptocephalus, holotype MACN-A 3989, incomplete skull, in ventral (A) and dorsal (B) views. Patriarchus altus, holotype MACN-A 4001, incomplete skull, in ventral (C) and dorsal (D) views. Patriarchus icochiloides, holotype MACN-A 4021, right maxillary fragment with alveolus of P1 and P2–M3, in occlusal view (E); holotype MACN-A 4022, right mandibular fragment with alveoli of p2–3 and p4–m3, in occlusal view (F). Scale bar = 10 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1187705/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="493">Fig. 4 E</figureCitation>
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), right maxillary fragment with alveolus of P1 and series P2–M3, and MACN- A 4022 (
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<figureCitation id="137E2A08CF47830EC1FC2FC88F15F84F" box="[249,341,1921,1946]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="16.[151,249,1284,1306]" captionTargetBox="[162,1415,221,1217]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[155,1432,193,1262]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 4. Patriarchus leptocephalus, holotype MACN-A 3989, incomplete skull, in ventral (A) and dorsal (B) views. Patriarchus altus, holotype MACN-A 4001, incomplete skull, in ventral (C) and dorsal (D) views. Patriarchus icochiloides, holotype MACN-A 4021, right maxillary fragment with alveolus of P1 and P2–M3, in occlusal view (E); holotype MACN-A 4022, right mandibular fragment with alveoli of p2–3 and p4–m3, in occlusal view (F). Scale bar = 10 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1187705/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="493">Fig. 4 F</figureCitation>
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), right mandibular fragment with alveoli of p2–3 and series p4–m3, both of the same individual.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C35F6506CF47830FC1C22FEC8E8AFE7A" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="494" pageId="20" pageNumber="493" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BFA368DCF47830FC1C22FEC8AEFFF2D" blockId="20.[151,1436,1885,2018]" lastBlockId="21.[151,1437,151,1079]" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="494" pageId="20" pageNumber="493">
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<emphasis id="B931EA9FCF47830EC1C22FEC8F7AF86B" bold="true" box="[199,314,1957,1982]" pageId="20" pageNumber="493">Diagnosis</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B7CCF47830EC0492FEC8C31F86B" box="[332,625,1957,1982]" pageId="20" pageNumber="493" refId="ref17123" refString="Ameghino, F. (1894 a) Enumeration synoptique des especes de mammiferes fossiles des formations eocenes de Patagonie. Coni e hijos, Buenos Aires, 196 pp." type="book">Ameghino 1894a: 14–15</bibRefCitation>
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). “
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<emphasis id="B931EA9FCF47830EC3912FEF8A27F868" box="[660,1127,1957,1982]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="493">Cette espèce forme le passage au genre</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C454D0ECF47830EC5742FEC8A98F86B" box="[1137,1240,1957,1982]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Icochilus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="20" pageNumber="497" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Icochilus</taxonomicName>
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.
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<emphasis id="B931EA9FCF47830EC5EF2FEF8FEEF837" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="493">Les molaires et prémolaires sont égales</emphasis>
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à
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<emphasis id="B931EA9FCF47830FC0D32F808AE9FF65" italics="true" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="494" pageId="20" pageNumber="493">
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celles du genre
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<taxonomicName id="4C454D0ECF47830EC39C2F808D0CF837" authorityName="Ameghino" authorityYear="1882" box="[665,844,1993,2018]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Protypotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="20" pageNumber="493" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Protypotherium</taxonomicName>
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, mais la mandibule est robuste, avec la branche horizontale massive, courte, basse en avant et très haute en arrière comme dans le genre
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</emphasis>
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lcochilus.
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<emphasis id="B931EA9FCF46830FC42C28D08F94FF2D" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="494">
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Les séries dentaires supérieures sont fortement arquées. Longueur des sept molaires inférieures,
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<quantity id="4CBD9B68CF46830FC59728F58AA6FF01" box="[1170,1254,188,212]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3" pageId="21" pageNumber="494" unit="mm" value="33.0">33 mm</quantity>
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. Hauteur de la mandibule: en dessous de la
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</emphasis>
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<specimenCount id="9D43FD04CF46830FC0DE28A78FBFFF2D" box="[475,511,225,252]" pageId="21" pageNumber="494" type="generic">
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<emphasis id="B931EA9FCF46830FC0DE28A78FBFFF2D" box="[475,511,225,252]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="494">2 p.</emphasis>
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</specimenCount>
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<quantity id="4CBD9B68CF46830FC30028A98C14FF2D" box="[517,596,224,248]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="21" pageNumber="494" unit="mm" value="11.0">11 mm</quantity>
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.; en dessous de la partie antérieure de la
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<quantity id="4CBD9B68CF46830FC52228A78A0CFF2D" box="[1063,1100,225,252]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="21" pageNumber="494" unit="m" value="3.0">
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<emphasis id="B931EA9FCF46830FC52228A78A0CFF2D" box="[1063,1100,225,252]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="494">3 m</emphasis>
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</quantity>
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.
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</specimenCount>
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<quantity id="4CBD9B68CF46830FC55D28A98AE4FF2D" box="[1112,1188,224,248]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" pageId="21" pageNumber="494" unit="mm" value="21.0">21 mm</quantity>
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”
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BFA368DCF46830FC1C2294F8E8AFE7A" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,1079]" pageId="21" pageNumber="494">
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English translation. This species represents the passage to the Genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C454D0ECF46830FC2C2294F8A6DFECA" box="[967,1069,262,287]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Icochilus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="21" pageNumber="494" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B931EA9FCF46830FC2C2294F8A6DFECA" box="[967,1069,262,287]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="494">Icochilus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Molars and premolars are equal to those of the genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C454D0ECF46830FC08F29638C7AFE96" authorityName="Ameghino" authorityYear="1882" box="[394,570,298,323]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Protypotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="21" pageNumber="494" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B931EA9FCF46830FC08F29638C7AFE96" box="[394,570,298,323]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="494">Protypotherium</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, but the mandible is robust, with short, massive horizontal ramus, anteriorly low and posteriorly very high as in the Genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C454D0ECF46830FC3B129078D5AFEB2" box="[692,794,334,359]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Icochilus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="21" pageNumber="494" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B931EA9FCF46830FC3B129078D5AFEB2" box="[692,794,334,359]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="494">Icochilus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. The upper tooth row is strongly arched. Length of the seven lower cheek teeth,
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<quantity id="4CBD9B68CF46830FC0B2293A8C4BFE5F" box="[439,523,371,395]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3" pageId="21" pageNumber="494" unit="mm" value="33.0">33 mm</quantity>
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. Height of the mandible: below p2, 11 mm; below the anterior region of m3, 21 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C35F6506CF46830FC1C229F38F42FBE2" pageId="21" pageNumber="494" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BFA368DCF46830FC1C229F38C43FC3A" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,1079]" pageId="21" pageNumber="494">
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<emphasis id="B931EA9FCF46830FC1C229F38F0FFE06" bold="true" box="[199,335,442,467]" pageId="21" pageNumber="494">Comments.</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B7CCF46830FC05E29F38C74FE06" box="[347,564,442,467]" pageId="21" pageNumber="494" refId="ref17123" refString="Ameghino, F. (1894 a) Enumeration synoptique des especes de mammiferes fossiles des formations eocenes de Patagonie. Coni e hijos, Buenos Aires, 196 pp." type="book">Ameghino (1894a)</bibRefCitation>
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did not illustrate any specimen of this species. According to Ameghino’s catalogue, the maxillary fragment MACN-A 4021 and the mandibular fragment MACN-A 4022, both of the same individual, are the type materials of this taxon. Instead,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B7CCF46830FC2312A4A8D97FDCE" box="[820,983,514,539]" pageId="21" pageNumber="494" refId="ref18248" refString="Mones A. (1986) Palaeovertebrata Sudamericana. Catalogo Sistematico de los Vertebrados Fosiles de America del Sur, Parte I. Preliminary List and Bibliography. Courier Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg, 82, 1 - 625." type="journal article">Mones (1986)</bibRefCitation>
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only indicated the former as the type specimen. The upper teeth series of MACN-A 4021 are strongly arched as described by
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B7CCF46830FC5B92A6F8BD8FDEA" box="[1212,1432,550,575]" pageId="21" pageNumber="494" refId="ref17123" refString="Ameghino, F. (1894 a) Enumeration synoptique des especes de mammiferes fossiles des formations eocenes de Patagonie. Coni e hijos, Buenos Aires, 196 pp." type="book">Ameghino (1894a)</bibRefCitation>
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. MACN-A 4022 also matches the original diagnosis (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B7CCF46830FC21F2A038DA6FDB6" box="[794,998,586,611]" pageId="21" pageNumber="494" refId="ref17123" refString="Ameghino, F. (1894 a) Enumeration synoptique des especes de mammiferes fossiles des formations eocenes de Patagonie. Coni e hijos, Buenos Aires, 196 pp." type="book">Ameghino 1894a</bibRefCitation>
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) because, in addition to the typical morphology of lower cheek teeth observed in other species of
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<taxonomicName id="4C454D0ECF46830FC25A2A278A4FFD52" authorityName="Ameghino" authorityYear="1882" box="[863,1039,622,647]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Protypotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="21" pageNumber="494" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B931EA9FCF46830FC25A2A278A4FFD52" box="[863,1039,622,647]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="494">Protypotherium</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(see
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D0ECF46830FC54B2A398A95FD52" box="[1102,1237,624,647]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Protypotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="21" pageNumber="494" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="antiquum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B931EA9FCF46830FC54B2A398A95FD52" box="[1102,1237,624,647]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="494">P. antiquum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
for some general characteristics), the mandible is robust with short and strong horizontal ramus that increases its height backwards, and the measurements available to be taken (length of p2–m3 =
|
||
<quantity id="4CBD9B68CF46830FC2652AFE8D86FD1A" box="[864,966,695,719]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.12" pageId="21" pageNumber="494" unit="mm" value="31.2">31.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
; height of the mandibular ramus below p2 =
|
||
<quantity id="4CBD9B68CF46830FC1AB2A928F63FD27" box="[174,291,731,755]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.081" pageId="21" pageNumber="494" unit="mm" value="10.81">10.81 mm</quantity>
|
||
; height of the mandibular ramus below the mesial region of m3
|
||
<emphasis id="B931EA9FCF46830FC2F22A958A4AFD26" box="[1015,1034,732,755]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="494">=</emphasis>
|
||
<quantity id="4CBD9B68CF46830FC5172A938A37FD26" box="[1042,1143,730,755]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.16" pageId="21" pageNumber="494" unit="mm" value="21.6">21.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
) are consistent with those provided by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B7CCF46830FC0222AB78C40FCC2" box="[295,512,766,791]" pageId="21" pageNumber="494" refId="ref17123" refString="Ameghino, F. (1894 a) Enumeration synoptique des especes de mammiferes fossiles des formations eocenes de Patagonie. Coni e hijos, Buenos Aires, 196 pp." type="book">Ameghino (1894a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. Regarding the remaining eight specimens assigned to the species in Ameghino’s catalogue, all of them are mandibular fragments (e.g., MACN-A 4026, MACN-A 4027, MACN-A 4028, MACN-A 9655 and MACN-A 9656) and even the measurements that can be taken (height of the mandibular ramus below p2 =
|
||
<quantity id="4CBD9B68CF46830FC1AB2B228EBDFC57" box="[174,253,875,899]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="21" pageNumber="494" unit="mm" value="14.0">14 mm</quantity>
|
||
in MACN-A 4023, height of the mandibular ramus below m3 =
|
||
<quantity id="4CBD9B68CF46830FC2D02B228A07FC57" box="[981,1095,875,899]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.787" pageId="21" pageNumber="494" unit="mm" value="17.87">17.87 mm</quantity>
|
||
in MACN-A 4024,
|
||
<quantity id="4CBD9B68CF46830FC42E2B228BDDFC57" box="[1323,1437,875,899]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.843" pageId="21" pageNumber="494" unit="mm" value="18.43">18.43 mm</quantity>
|
||
in MACN-A 4025 and
|
||
<quantity id="4CBD9B68CF46830FC0A02BC68C59FC72" box="[421,537,911,935]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.89" pageId="21" pageNumber="494" unit="mm" value="18.9">18.90 mm</quantity>
|
||
in MACN-A 4028) are not consistent with the type specimen, which leads to discard these materials as types. Consequently, the individual MACN-A 4021 plus MACN-A 4022 is confirmed as the holotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D0ECF46830FC0422B918FBBFC3A" authorityName="Ameghino" authorityYear="1894" box="[327,507,982,1007]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Patriarchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="21" pageNumber="494" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="icochiloides">
|
||
<emphasis id="B931EA9FCF46830FC0422B918FBBFC3A" box="[327,507,982,1007]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="494">Pa. icochiloides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFA368DCF46830FC1C22BB38F42FBE2" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,1079]" pageId="21" pageNumber="494">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B2D3CD0CF46830FC1C22BB38F42FBE2" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1828873085" collectionCode="SALMA" location="Santa Cruz Province" pageId="21" pageNumber="494" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Santa Cruz Province" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<emphasis id="B931EA9FCF46830FC1C22BB38DBEFBC6" bold="true" box="[199,1022,1018,1043]" pageId="21" pageNumber="494">
|
||
Chronological and geographical distribution of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54FE882FCF46830FC24C2BB38D3DFBC6" box="[841,893,1018,1043]" pageId="21" pageNumber="494">type</typeStatus>
|
||
specimen.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Santacrucian
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED54AE48CF46830FC5A32BB28B4BFBC6" box="[1190,1291,1019,1043]" pageId="21" pageNumber="494">SALMA</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="4981F86FCF46830FC41E2BB28EBFFBE2" country="Argentina" name="Santa Cruz" pageId="21" pageNumber="494">
|
||
Santa
|
||
<collectingRegion id="4981F86FCF46830FC4632BB28EBFFBE2" inferredBySuffix="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="494">Cruz Province</collectingRegion>
|
||
</collectingRegion>
|
||
.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |