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<document id="EF5369BC61ED7AABE3511A9E3ACF07BE" ID-CLB-Dataset="30626" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4387.3.4" ID-GBIF-Dataset="43de8956-0706-4f8d-b5a9-f51c30c276d8" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1187697" ID-ZooBank="B53A6B20-5386-4E5A-A00F-A559EDF640DF" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1520059483769" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Fernández, Mercedes, Fernicola, Juan Carlos, Cerdeño, Esperanza &amp; Reguero, Marcelo A." docDate="2018" docId="03EC879BCF418308C1922C2D8F42F80E" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4387.3.4.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4387 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Patriarchus rectus Ameghino 1891" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="491" masterDocId="FFD5FFE3CF53831AC10528498E40FFD5" masterDocTitle="Identification of type materials of the species of Protypotherium Ameghino, 1885 and Patriarchus Ameghino, 1889 (Notoungulata: Interatheriidae) erected by Florentino Ameghino" masterLastPageNumber="498" masterPageNumber="473" pageNumber="491" updateTime="1698526258101" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="B27CD8DE8D23A9B5E3CC2F8749DB7E54">Identification of type materials of the species of Protypotherium Ameghino, 1885 and Patriarchus Ameghino, 1889 (Notoungulata: Interatheriidae) erected by Florentino Ameghino</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="87BD9A5E2AD7B3DAC6E8CC5945573F5D">Fernández, Mercedes</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="83B8C310553E88C1B8974D7AE4DECC47">Fernicola, Juan Carlos</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="FEF3B48AEFDEC368ADF11555ED7A8EB7">Cerdeño, Esperanza</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="63D2A51550CBA1A9A28462EED14ACF1D">Reguero, Marcelo A.</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="03EC879BCF418308C1922C2D8F42F80E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5986707" ID-GBIF-Taxon="141264043" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5986707" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EC879BCF418308C1922C2D8F42F80E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03EC879BCF418308C1922C2D8F42F80E" lastPageNumber="491" pageId="18" pageNumber="491">
<subSubSection id="C35F6506CF418308C1922C2D8C08FBAB" box="[151,584,1124,1150]" pageId="18" pageNumber="491" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BFA368DCF418308C1922C2D8C08FBAB" blockId="18.[151,584,1124,1150]" box="[151,584,1124,1150]" pageId="18" pageNumber="491">
<heading id="D0B281E1CF418308C1922C2D8C08FBAB" bold="true" box="[151,584,1124,1150]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="18" pageNumber="491" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C454D0ECF418308C1922C2D8C08FBAB" authority="Ameghino, 1891" authorityName="Ameghino" authorityYear="1891" box="[151,584,1124,1150]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Patriarchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="18" pageNumber="491" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rectus">
<emphasis id="B931EA9FCF418308C1922C2D8C08FBAB" bold="true" box="[151,584,1124,1150]" pageId="18" pageNumber="491">
<emphasis id="B931EA9FCF418308C1922C2D8F37FBAB" bold="true" box="[151,375,1124,1150]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="491">Patriarchus rectus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B7CCF418308C07B2C2D8C08FBAB" box="[382,584,1124,1150]" pageId="18" pageNumber="491" refId="ref17076" refString="Ameghino, F. (1891) Nuevos restos de mamiferos fosiles descubiertos por Carlos Ameghino en el Eoceno inferior de la Patagonia austral. Especies nuevas, adiciones y correcciones. Revista Argentina de Historia Natural, 1 (5), 289 - 328." type="journal article">Ameghino, 1891</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C35F6506CF418308C1922CE38BD4FADE" pageId="18" pageNumber="491" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BFA368DCF418308C1922CE38BD4FADE" blockId="18.[151,1437,1194,2011]" pageId="18" pageNumber="491">
<emphasis id="B931EA9FCF418308C1922CE38F4BFB16" bold="true" box="[151,267,1194,1219]" pageId="18" pageNumber="491">Holotype.</emphasis>
MACN-A 4005 (
<figureCitation id="137E2A08CF418308C0D12CE38C76FB16" box="[468,566,1194,1219]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="15.[151,249,1668,1690]" captionTargetBox="[252,1324,201,1641]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[244,1328,193,1651]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 3. Patriarchus palmidens, holotype MACN-A 9651a, mandibular symphysis with right i1p1 and left i12 and the alveolus of i3, in labial (A), occlusal (B) and antero-labial (C) views; reproductions of figures 2 (D), 2a (E) and 2b (F) from Ameghino (1889, plate 15). Patriarchus furculosus, syntype MACN-A 3970, left maxillary fragment with P2M3, in occlusal view (G); syntype MACN-A 3972, right mandibular fragment with p2m3, in occlusal view (H); syntype MACN-A 3977, incomplete skull, dorsal view (I). Patriarchus distortus, holotype MACN-A 9634 to MACN-A 9638: MACN-A 9634, skull, ventral (J)and dorsal (K) views; MACN-A 9636, proximal epiphysis of right femur, in anterior view (L); MACN-A 9637 and MACN-A9638, proximal epiphyses of right tibia and fibula,articulated with the distal epiphysis of right femur, in lateral view (M). Patriarchus rectus, holotype MACN-A 4005, right maxillary fragment (vertically rotated) with alveolus of C and series P1M3, in occlusal view (N); holotype MACN-A 4006, left maxillary fragment (vertically rotated) with M13, in occlusal view (O); holotype MACN-A 4007, mandibular fragment with incomplete symphysis, broken alveoli of left and right i1-2 and complete left i3m3 series, in occlusal view (P). Patriarchus diastematus, holotypeMACN-A 4044, two maxillae with alveoli of CP1 andright P2M3 andleft P2M2, in occlusal view (Q). Scale bar = 10 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1187703/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="491">Fig. 3 N</figureCitation>
), right maxilla with alveolus of C and series P1M3; MACN-A 4006 (
<figureCitation id="137E2A08CF418308C45C2CE38EEEFB32" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="15.[151,249,1668,1690]" captionTargetBox="[252,1324,201,1641]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[244,1328,193,1651]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 3. Patriarchus palmidens, holotype MACN-A 9651a, mandibular symphysis with right i1p1 and left i12 and the alveolus of i3, in labial (A), occlusal (B) and antero-labial (C) views; reproductions of figures 2 (D), 2a (E) and 2b (F) from Ameghino (1889, plate 15). Patriarchus furculosus, syntype MACN-A 3970, left maxillary fragment with P2M3, in occlusal view (G); syntype MACN-A 3972, right mandibular fragment with p2m3, in occlusal view (H); syntype MACN-A 3977, incomplete skull, dorsal view (I). Patriarchus distortus, holotype MACN-A 9634 to MACN-A 9638: MACN-A 9634, skull, ventral (J)and dorsal (K) views; MACN-A 9636, proximal epiphysis of right femur, in anterior view (L); MACN-A 9637 and MACN-A9638, proximal epiphyses of right tibia and fibula,articulated with the distal epiphysis of right femur, in lateral view (M). Patriarchus rectus, holotype MACN-A 4005, right maxillary fragment (vertically rotated) with alveolus of C and series P1M3, in occlusal view (N); holotype MACN-A 4006, left maxillary fragment (vertically rotated) with M13, in occlusal view (O); holotype MACN-A 4007, mandibular fragment with incomplete symphysis, broken alveoli of left and right i1-2 and complete left i3m3 series, in occlusal view (P). Patriarchus diastematus, holotypeMACN-A 4044, two maxillae with alveoli of CP1 andright P2M3 andleft P2M2, in occlusal view (Q). Scale bar = 10 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1187703/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="491">Fig. 3 O</figureCitation>
), left maxillary fragment with series M13; and MACN-A 4007 (
<figureCitation id="137E2A08CF418308C28D2C878DA2FB32" box="[904,994,1230,1255]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="15.[151,249,1668,1690]" captionTargetBox="[252,1324,201,1641]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[244,1328,193,1651]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 3. Patriarchus palmidens, holotype MACN-A 9651a, mandibular symphysis with right i1p1 and left i12 and the alveolus of i3, in labial (A), occlusal (B) and antero-labial (C) views; reproductions of figures 2 (D), 2a (E) and 2b (F) from Ameghino (1889, plate 15). Patriarchus furculosus, syntype MACN-A 3970, left maxillary fragment with P2M3, in occlusal view (G); syntype MACN-A 3972, right mandibular fragment with p2m3, in occlusal view (H); syntype MACN-A 3977, incomplete skull, dorsal view (I). Patriarchus distortus, holotype MACN-A 9634 to MACN-A 9638: MACN-A 9634, skull, ventral (J)and dorsal (K) views; MACN-A 9636, proximal epiphysis of right femur, in anterior view (L); MACN-A 9637 and MACN-A9638, proximal epiphyses of right tibia and fibula,articulated with the distal epiphysis of right femur, in lateral view (M). Patriarchus rectus, holotype MACN-A 4005, right maxillary fragment (vertically rotated) with alveolus of C and series P1M3, in occlusal view (N); holotype MACN-A 4006, left maxillary fragment (vertically rotated) with M13, in occlusal view (O); holotype MACN-A 4007, mandibular fragment with incomplete symphysis, broken alveoli of left and right i1-2 and complete left i3m3 series, in occlusal view (P). Patriarchus diastematus, holotypeMACN-A 4044, two maxillae with alveoli of CP1 andright P2M3 andleft P2M2, in occlusal view (Q). Scale bar = 10 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1187703/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="491">Fig. 3 P</figureCitation>
), mandibular fragment with incomplete symphysis, broken alveoli of left and right
<date id="FFFB104DCF418308C37C2CBB8CE7FADE" box="[633,679,1266,1291]" pageId="18" pageNumber="491">i1-2</date>
and complete left series
<date id="FFFB104DCF418308C2B82CBB8D92FADE" box="[957,978,1266,1291]" pageId="18" pageNumber="491">i3</date>
m3, all of them of the same individual.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35F6506CF418308C1C22D5F8B6CF9D3" pageId="18" pageNumber="491" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BFA368DCF418308C1C22D5F8DB4FA4E" blockId="18.[151,1437,1194,2011]" pageId="18" pageNumber="491">
<emphasis id="B931EA9FCF418308C1C22D5F8F7AFAFA" bold="true" box="[199,314,1302,1327]" pageId="18" pageNumber="491">Diagnosis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B7CCF418308C04E2D5F8C05FAFA" box="[331,581,1302,1327]" pageId="18" pageNumber="491" refId="ref17076" refString="Ameghino, F. (1891) Nuevos restos de mamiferos fosiles descubiertos por Carlos Ameghino en el Eoceno inferior de la Patagonia austral. Especies nuevas, adiciones y correcciones. Revista Argentina de Historia Natural, 1 (5), 289 - 328." type="journal article">Ameghino 1891: 293</bibRefCitation>
). “
<emphasis id="B931EA9FCF418308C36D2D5E8B4BFAFA" box="[616,1291,1302,1327]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="491">De tamaño una mitad menor que las especies precedentes</emphasis>
[
<taxonomicName id="4C454D0ECF418308C41E2D5F8F4CFA86" authorityName="Ameghino" authorityYear="1891" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Patriarchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="18" pageNumber="491" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="furculosus">Patriarchus furculosus</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B931EA9FCF418308C0172D758F5EFA86" box="[274,286,1340,1363]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="491">y</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C454D0ECF418308C0212D738C4CFA86" authorityName="Ameghino" authorityYear="1891" box="[292,524,1338,1363]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Patriarchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="18" pageNumber="491" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="distortus">Patriarchus distortus</taxonomicName>
]
<emphasis id="B931EA9FCF418308C31C2D758DA1FA4E" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="491">y de series dentarias superiores casi rectas, P3 a M2 mucho más prolongados en el lado interno. Incisivos intermedios inferiores más aplastados de arriba abajo. Longitud de la serie dentaria inferior, 43 milímetros. Ancho interorbitario de los frontales, 24 milímetros</emphasis>
”.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFA368DCF418308C1C22DEF8B6CF9D3" blockId="18.[151,1437,1194,2011]" pageId="18" pageNumber="491">
English translation. One half smaller than the preceding species [
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<emphasis id="B931EA9FCF418308C2D42DEF8A96FA6A" box="[977,1238,1446,1471]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="491">Patriarchus furculosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C454D0ECF418308C4122DEF8EB9FA36" authorityName="Ameghino" authorityYear="1891" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Patriarchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="18" pageNumber="491" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="distortus">
<emphasis id="B931EA9FCF418308C4122DEF8EB9FA36" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="491">Patriarchus distortus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
], with upper tooth rows almost straight, P3 to M2 much longer on the internal side. Lower median incisors more flattened. Length of the lower tooth row,
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. Interorbital width of the frontals,
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.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35F6506CF418308C1C22E5B8F42F80E" pageId="18" pageNumber="491" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BFA368DCF418308C1C22E5B8AEBF847" blockId="18.[151,1437,1194,2011]" pageId="18" pageNumber="491">
<emphasis id="B931EA9FCF418308C1C22E5B8F0FF9FE" bold="true" box="[199,335,1554,1579]" pageId="18" pageNumber="491">Comments.</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B7CCF418308C05C2E5B8C64F9FE" box="[345,548,1554,1579]" pageId="18" pageNumber="491" refId="ref17076" refString="Ameghino, F. (1891) Nuevos restos de mamiferos fosiles descubiertos por Carlos Ameghino en el Eoceno inferior de la Patagonia austral. Especies nuevas, adiciones y correcciones. Revista Argentina de Historia Natural, 1 (5), 289 - 328." type="journal article">Ameghino (1891)</bibRefCitation>
erected this species but did not illustrate any specimens of it. According to Ameghinos catalogue and to
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B7CCF418308C0E32E7E8CC6F99A" box="[486,646,1590,1615]" pageId="18" pageNumber="491" refId="ref18248" refString="Mones A. (1986) Palaeovertebrata Sudamericana. Catalogo Sistematico de los Vertebrados Fosiles de America del Sur, Parte I. Preliminary List and Bibliography. Courier Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg, 82, 1 - 625." type="journal article">Mones (1986)</bibRefCitation>
, the maxillary fragments MACN-A 4005 and MACN-A 4006, and the fragmented mandible MACN-A 4007, all of the same individual, are the
<typeStatus id="54FE882FCF418308C2F12E128A64F9A6" box="[1012,1060,1627,1651]" pageId="18" pageNumber="491">type</typeStatus>
materials of this species. These specimens match the original diagnosis as they are smaller (length of P1M3 =
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; length of P2M3 =
<quantity id="4CBD9B68CF418308C46E2E378E86F96F" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.75" pageId="18" pageNumber="491" unit="mm" value="27.5">27.5 mm</quantity>
; length of p2m3 =
<quantity id="4CBD9B68CF418308C0A32EEA8C58F96E" box="[422,536,1699,1723]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.923" pageId="18" pageNumber="491" unit="mm" value="29.23">29.23 mm</quantity>
) than the
<typeStatus id="54FE882FCF418308C3832EEA8CF6F96E" box="[646,694,1699,1723]" pageId="18" pageNumber="491">type</typeStatus>
material of
<taxonomicName id="4C454D0ECF418308C2382EED8D9EF96E" authorityName="Ameghino" authorityYear="1891" box="[829,990,1698,1723]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Patriarchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="18" pageNumber="491" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="furculosus">
<emphasis id="B931EA9FCF418308C2382EED8D9EF96E" box="[829,990,1698,1723]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="491">Pa. furculosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(length of P2M3 =
<quantity id="4CBD9B68CF418308C5C22EEB8B6DF96F" box="[1223,1325,1698,1723]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.65" pageId="18" pageNumber="491" unit="mm" value="36.5">36.5 mm</quantity>
; length of p2m3 =
<quantity id="4CBD9B68CF418308C0002E8F8F39F90A" box="[261,377,1734,1759]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.1049999999999995" pageId="18" pageNumber="491" unit="mm" value="41.05">41.05 mm</quantity>
) and
<taxonomicName id="4C454D0ECF418308C0BC2E8E8C09F90A" authorityName="Ameghino" authorityYear="1891" box="[441,585,1734,1759]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Patriarchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="18" pageNumber="491" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="distortus">
<emphasis id="B931EA9FCF418308C0BC2E8E8C09F90A" box="[441,585,1734,1759]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="491">Pa. distortus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(length of P1M3 =
<quantity id="4CBD9B68CF418308C23F2E8E8DE3F90A" box="[826,931,1735,1759]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.7299999999999995" pageId="18" pageNumber="491" unit="mm" value="37.3">37.3 mm</quantity>
), and the incomplete palate (MACN-A 4005 plus MACN-A 4006) exhibits almost straight upper tooth rows. It is noteworthy that there is no evidence of the frontals in MACN-A 4005 and MACN-A 4006, so it was not possible to measure the interorbital width of these elements. Additionally, the length occupied by the left lower tooth row (~
<quantity id="4CBD9B68CF418308C2DB2F7A8A6FF89E" box="[990,1071,1843,1867]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.1" pageId="18" pageNumber="491" unit="mm" value="41.0">41 mm</quantity>
) of MACN-A 4007 differs from the value provided by
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B7CCF418308C0B42F1F8CC4F8BA" box="[433,644,1878,1903]" pageId="18" pageNumber="491" refId="ref17076" refString="Ameghino, F. (1891) Nuevos restos de mamiferos fosiles descubiertos por Carlos Ameghino en el Eoceno inferior de la Patagonia austral. Especies nuevas, adiciones y correcciones. Revista Argentina de Historia Natural, 1 (5), 289 - 328." type="journal article">Ameghino (1891)</bibRefCitation>
, but this is due to the breakage of the mandibular incisor area. Nevertheless, MACN-A 4005 to MACN-A 4007 are confirmed as the
<typeStatus id="54FE882FCF418308C2A92F338A4EF846" box="[940,1038,1914,1939]" pageId="18" pageNumber="491" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="4C454D0ECF418308C5362F358AE4F846" authorityName="Ameghino" authorityYear="1891" box="[1075,1188,1916,1939]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Patriarchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="18" pageNumber="491" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rectus">
<emphasis id="B931EA9FCF418308C5362F358AE4F846" box="[1075,1188,1916,1939]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="491">Pa. rectus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFA368DCF418308C1C22FD78F42F80E" blockId="18.[151,1437,1194,2011]" pageId="18" pageNumber="491">
<materialsCitation id="3B2D3CD0CF418308C1C22FD78F42F80E" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1828873142" collectionCode="SALMA" location="Santa Cruz Province" pageId="18" pageNumber="491" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Santa Cruz Province" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="B931EA9FCF418308C1C22FD78DBEF862" bold="true" box="[199,1022,1950,1975]" pageId="18" pageNumber="491">
Chronological and geographical distribution of the
<typeStatus id="54FE882FCF418308C24C2FD78D3DF862" box="[841,893,1950,1975]" pageId="18" pageNumber="491">type</typeStatus>
specimen.
</emphasis>
Santacrucian
<collectionCode id="ED54AE48CF418308C5A32FD68B4BF862" box="[1190,1291,1951,1975]" pageId="18" pageNumber="491">SALMA</collectionCode>
,
<collectingRegion id="4981F86FCF418308C41E2FD68EBFF80E" country="Argentina" name="Santa Cruz" pageId="18" pageNumber="491">
Santa
<collectingRegion id="4981F86FCF418308C4632FD68EBFF80E" inferredBySuffix="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="491">Cruz Province</collectingRegion>
</collectingRegion>
.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>