155 lines
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155 lines
21 KiB
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<document id="C61BB56EBF24692C75EC8B13E7EBFD10" ID-DOI="10.1080/00222933.2017.1395919" ID-ISSN="1464-5262" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5184119" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1628735592360" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Watson, Charlotte & Faulwetter, Sarah" docDate="2017" docId="03E910028724134EFE88FF41FDF1FB2F" docLanguage="en" docName="JNatHist.51.47-48.2863-2924.pdf" docOrigin="Journal of Natural History 51 (47 - 48)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2017.1395919" docStyle="DocumentStyle:485A7191CD41D6261F41521A3380DC73.9:JNatHist.2017-.journal_article.1cover" docStyleId="485A7191CD41D6261F41521A3380DC73" docStyleName="JNatHist.2017-.journal_article.1cover" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Dysponetinae Aguado, Nygren and Rouse 2015" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="2894" masterDocId="FFD0687A8704136EFFABFFCFFFFBFFD3" masterDocTitle="Stylet jaws of Chrysopetalidae (Annelida)" masterLastPageNumber="2924" masterPageNumber="2863" pageNumber="2894" updateTime="1699050914801" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="7B0BD618812A199F9285C8649464C08F">Stylet jaws of Chrysopetalidae (Annelida)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="3A5F87D05293490FA311B64B516C8F3F">Watson, Charlotte</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="8489C5C82D236C6BFEB1E5F444F6FBE2">Faulwetter, Sarah</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="43AAE031D7C767FE91B4AE2AC7EFCD6F">Journal of Natural History</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="1F8320C048432CFB615CAD68C440A0EB">
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<mods:date id="B9305BF14F8321D634330CE7232D0445">2017</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="B5FD1DF02601C1F2CEBCFB242AAACDA1">2017-11-24</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="FF2C50C9252F88ED1E973FDF0D73DBDE">51</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="7A610F5B808327DFB9EBCB67ED14D5A8">47 - 48</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="7E52ED5FEDBB8BAB50CB67ACD31F4266" type="ISSN">1464-5262</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03E910028724134EFE88FF41FDF1FB2F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5192343" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5192343" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E910028724134EFE88FF41FDF1FB2F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E910028724134EFE88FF41FDF1FB2F" lastPageNumber="2894" pageId="32" pageNumber="2894">
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<subSubSection id="C35AF29F8724134EFE88FF41FBFBFF74" box="[291,1024,142,167]" pageId="32" pageNumber="2894" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BFFA1148724134EFE88FF41FBFBFF74" blockId="32.[291,1024,142,167]" box="[291,1024,142,167]" pageId="32" pageNumber="2894">
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<heading id="D0B716788724134EFE88FF41FBFBFF74" box="[291,1024,142,167]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="32" pageNumber="2894" reason="6">
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Subfamily
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<taxonomicName id="4C40DA978724134EFE0BFF41FBFBFF74" ID-CoL="85GJ7" authority="Aguado, Nygren and Rouse, 2015" authorityName="Aguado, Nygren and Rouse" authorityYear="2015" box="[416,1024,142,167]" class="Polychaeta" family="Chrysopetalidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="32" pageNumber="2894" phylum="Annelida" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Dysponetinae">
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<emphasis id="B9347D068724134EFE0BFF41FD9DFF74" bold="true" box="[416,614,142,167]" pageId="32" pageNumber="2894">DYSPONETINAE</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD1DCE58724134EFDDBFF41FBFBFF74" author="Aguado MT & Nygren A & Rouse GW" box="[624,1024,142,167]" pageId="32" pageNumber="2894" pagination="219 - 220" refId="ref23302" refString="Aguado MT, Nygren A, Rouse GW. 2015. Corrigendum. Diagnosis of Dysponetinae (Chrysopetalidae, Annelida). Cladistics. 32: 219 - 220." type="journal article" year="2015">Aguado, Nygren and Rouse, 2015</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C35AF29F8724134EFF0BFF1CFE48FDD1" pageId="32" pageNumber="2894" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BFFA1148724134EFF0BFF1CFE74FF3E" blockId="32.[160,1155,211,514]" box="[160,399,211,237]" pageId="32" pageNumber="2894">
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<emphasis id="B9347D068724134EFF0BFF1CFE74FF3E" bold="true" box="[160,399,211,237]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="2894">Subfamily diagnosis</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BFFA1148724134EFF0BFF38FE48FDD1" blockId="32.[160,1155,211,514]" pageId="32" pageNumber="2894">Very small to small bodied. Prostomium well developed or simple lobe; with lateral and median antennae, ventral palps; eyes present or absent; nuchal structure ciliated dorsolateral patches. Strongly muscularized pharynx with little proboscidial development, terminal proboscidial papillae, pair of stylet jaws; mouth cover absent, buccal cirri may be present. Notochaetal spines; neurochaetae compound, neurochaetal simple spines may be present. Camerate noto- and neurochaetal shafts. Simple body wall musculature. Body ciliation and lateral organs absent. Pygidium rounded with conical projection.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C35AF29F8724134EFF0BFDE2FDF1FB2F" pageId="32" pageNumber="2894" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BFFA1148724134EFF0BFDE2FEFDFD94" blockId="32.[160,1156,557,1276]" box="[160,262,557,583]" pageId="32" pageNumber="2894">
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<emphasis id="B9347D068724134EFF0BFDE2FEFDFD94" bold="true" box="[160,262,557,583]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="2894">Remarks</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BFFA1148724134EFF0BFD9DFD59FCAC" blockId="32.[160,1156,557,1276]" pageId="32" pageNumber="2894">
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Diagnosis is based on
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD1DCE58724134EFE35FD9DFD78FDB9" author="Aguado MT & Nygren A & Rouse GW" box="[414,643,594,618]" pageId="32" pageNumber="2894" pagination="219 - 220" refId="ref23302" refString="Aguado MT, Nygren A, Rouse GW. 2015. Corrigendum. Diagnosis of Dysponetinae (Chrysopetalidae, Annelida). Cladistics. 32: 219 - 220." type="journal article" year="2015">Aguado et al. (2015)</bibRefCitation>
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with additional information by senior author (CW).
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<taxonomicName id="4C40DA978724134EFF49FDBBFE86FD5F" authorityName="Aguado, Nygren and Rouse" authorityYear="2015" box="[226,381,628,652]" class="Polychaeta" family="Chrysopetalidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="32" pageNumber="2894" phylum="Annelida" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Dysponetinae">Dysponetinae</taxonomicName>
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comprise free-living species belonging to
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<taxonomicName id="4C40DA978724134EFCF2FDBBFB85FD5F" authority="Levinsen 1879" authorityName="Levinsen" authorityYear="1879" box="[857,1150,628,652]" class="Polychaeta" family="Chrysopetalidae" genus="Dysponetus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="32" pageNumber="2894" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B9347D068724134EFCF2FDBBFC2CFD5F" box="[857,983,628,652]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="2894">Dysponetus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD1DCE58724134EFC76FDBBFB85FD5F" author="Levinsen GMR" box="[989,1150,628,652]" pageId="32" pageNumber="2894" pagination="9 - 18" refId="ref25791" refString="Levinsen GMR. 1879. Om to nye Slaegter af arctiske chaetopode Annelider. [On new genera of arctic Annelida Chaetopoda]. Vidensk Medd Naturhist Foren KjObenhavn. 80: 9 - 18. Danish." type="journal article" year="1879">Levinsen 1879</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, a speciose genus exhibiting the most extensive geographical and depth ranges of all taxa within the family
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<taxonomicName id="4C40DA978724134EFE00FD75FD98FD01" authorityName="Ehlers" authorityYear="1864" box="[427,611,698,722]" class="Polychaeta" family="Chrysopetalidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="32" pageNumber="2894" phylum="Annelida" rank="family">Chrysopetalidae</taxonomicName>
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. The subfamily also includes
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<taxonomicName id="4C40DA978724134EFC10FD75FE89FD27" authority="Boggemann, 2009" authorityName="Boggemann" authorityYear="2009" class="Polychaeta" family="Chrysopetalidae" genus="Pseudodysponetus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="32" pageNumber="2894" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B9347D068724134EFC10FD75FB78FD01" box="[955,1155,698,722]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="2894">Pseudodysponetus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD1DCE58724134EFF0BFD13FE89FD27" author="Boggemann M" box="[160,370,732,756]" pageId="32" pageNumber="2894" pagination="251 - 428" refId="ref23601" refString="Boggemann M. 2009. Polychaetes (Annelida) of the abyssal SE Atlantic. Org Divers Evol. 9: 251 - 428." type="journal article" year="2009">Böggemann, 2009</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, a monotypic deep-water genus (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD1DCE58724134EFCADFD13FC2FFD27" author="Boggemann M" box="[774,980,732,756]" pageId="32" pageNumber="2894" pagination="251 - 428" refId="ref23601" refString="Boggemann M. 2009. Polychaetes (Annelida) of the abyssal SE Atlantic. Org Divers Evol. 9: 251 - 428." type="journal article" year="2009">Böggemann 2009</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 291, figure 27A). Its
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<typeStatus id="54FB1FB68724134EFEA3FD30FEC1FCC4" box="[264,314,767,791]" pageId="32" pageNumber="2894">type</typeStatus>
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material was examined by CW (HZM D.25012). This taxon is very small, possessing aberrant anterior segments and a pair of very small stylets. The tanned, simple elongate jaws with a small mid-way swelling are similar to the simple rod-like pair of stylets, as seen in
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<taxonomicName id="4C40DA978724134EFE68FCA8FD59FCAC" box="[451,674,871,895]" class="Polychaeta" family="Chrysopetalidae" genus="Dysponetus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="32" pageNumber="2894" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="undetermined">
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<emphasis id="B9347D068724134EFE68FCA8FDBAFCAC" box="[451,577,871,895]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="2894">Dysponetus</emphasis>
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species.
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BFFA1148724134EFF6BFC45FDF1FB2F" blockId="32.[160,1156,557,1276]" pageId="32" pageNumber="2894">
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<taxonomicName id="4C40DA978724134EFF6BFC45FEC5FC71" authorityName="Levinsen" authorityYear="1879" box="[192,318,906,930]" class="Polychaeta" family="Chrysopetalidae" genus="Dysponetus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="32" pageNumber="2894" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B9347D068724134EFF6BFC45FEC5FC71" box="[192,318,906,930]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="2894">Dysponetus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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displays alternative morphological states of sensory structures of the anterior end (see below) but lacks complex body wall musculature and ciliated and glandular fields (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD1DCE58724134EFEC1FC00FDB1FC34" author="Tzetlin A & Dahlgren T & Purschke G" box="[362,586,975,999]" pageId="32" pageNumber="2894" pagination="37 - 55" refId="ref27163" refString="Tzetlin A, Dahlgren T, Purschke G. 2002. Ultrastructure of the body wall, body cavity, nephridia and spermatozoa in four species of the Chrysopetalidae (Annelida, ' Polychaeta'). Zool Anz. 241: 37 - 55." type="journal article" year="2002">Tzetlin et al. 2002</bibRefCitation>
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).
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<taxonomicName id="4C40DA978724134EFDCCFC00FBB2FC34" authority="Dahlgren, 1996" authorityName="Dahlgren" authorityYear="1996" box="[615,1097,975,999]" class="Polychaeta" family="Chrysopetalidae" genus="Dysponetus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="32" pageNumber="2894" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="macroculatus">
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<emphasis id="B9347D068724134EFDCCFC00FC7CFC34" box="[615,903,975,999]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="2894">Dysponetus macroculatus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD1DCE58724134EFC3DFC00FBB2FC34" author="Dahlgren TG" box="[918,1097,975,999]" pageId="32" pageNumber="2894" pagination="575 - 585" refId="ref24041" refString="Dahlgren TG. 1996. Two new species of Dysponetus (Polychaeta: Chrysopetalidae) from Italy and Papua New Guinea. Proc Biol Soc Wash. 109: 575 - 585." type="journal article" year="1996">Dahlgren, 1996</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C40DA978724134EFF0BFC3DFC9BFBD9" authority="Pleijel, Aguado and Rouse, 2012" authorityName="Pleijel, Aguado and Rouse" authorityYear="2012" box="[160,864,1010,1034]" class="Polychaeta" family="Chrysopetalidae" genus="Dysponetus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="32" pageNumber="2894" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="populonectens">
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<emphasis id="B9347D068724134EFF0BFC3DFE31FBD9" box="[160,458,1010,1034]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="2894">Dysponetus populonectens</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD1DCE58724134EFE71FC3DFC9BFBD9" author="Pleijel F & Aguado MT & Rouse GW" box="[474,864,1010,1034]" pageId="32" pageNumber="2894" pagination="1 - 25" refId="ref26422" refString="Pleijel F, Aguado MT, Rouse GW. 2012. New and lesser known species of Chrysopetalidae, Phyllodocidae and Syllidae from Southern California (Phyllodocida, Aciculata, Annelida). Zootaxa. 3506: 1 - 25." type="journal article" year="2012">Pleijel, Aguado and Rouse, 2012</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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have been reported as gonochoristic and
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<taxonomicName id="4C40DA978724134EFEDDFBDBFCE6FBFF" authority="Levinsen, 1879" authorityName="Levinsen" authorityYear="1879" box="[374,797,1044,1068]" class="Polychaeta" family="Chrysopetalidae" genus="Dysponetus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="32" pageNumber="2894" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="pygmaeus">
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<emphasis id="B9347D068724134EFEDDFBDBFD90FBFF" box="[374,619,1044,1068]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="2894">Dysponetus pygmaeus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD1DCE58724134EFDDEFBDBFCE6FBFF" author="Levinsen GMR" box="[629,797,1044,1068]" pageId="32" pageNumber="2894" pagination="9 - 18" refId="ref25791" refString="Levinsen GMR. 1879. Om to nye Slaegter af arctiske chaetopode Annelider. [On new genera of arctic Annelida Chaetopoda]. Vidensk Medd Naturhist Foren KjObenhavn. 80: 9 - 18. Danish." type="journal article" year="1879">Levinsen, 1879</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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as a protrandic hermaphrodite with filiform sperm (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD1DCE58724134EFE33FBF8FD8EFB9C" author="Tzetlin A & Dahlgren T & Purschke G" box="[408,629,1079,1103]" pageId="32" pageNumber="2894" pagination="37 - 55" refId="ref27163" refString="Tzetlin A, Dahlgren T, Purschke G. 2002. Ultrastructure of the body wall, body cavity, nephridia and spermatozoa in four species of the Chrysopetalidae (Annelida, ' Polychaeta'). Zool Anz. 241: 37 - 55." type="journal article" year="2002">Tzetlin et al. 2002</bibRefCitation>
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). Males of
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<taxonomicName id="4C40DA978724134EFCAFFBF8FC04FB9C" authorityName="Levinsen" authorityYear="1879" box="[772,1023,1079,1103]" class="Polychaeta" family="Chrysopetalidae" genus="Dysponetus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="32" pageNumber="2894" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="pygmaeus">
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<emphasis id="B9347D068724134EFCAFFBF8FC04FB9C" box="[772,1023,1079,1103]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="2894">Dysponetus pygmaeus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and other particularly small species (e.g.
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<taxonomicName id="4C40DA978724134EFDAFFB95FC3EFBA1" authority="Dahlgren, 1996" authorityName="Dahlgren" authorityYear="1996" box="[516,965,1114,1138]" class="Polychaeta" family="Chrysopetalidae" genus="Dysponetus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="32" pageNumber="2894" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="bipapillatus">
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<emphasis id="B9347D068724134EFDAFFB95FCF0FBA1" box="[516,779,1114,1138]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="2894">Dysponetus bipapillatus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD1DCE58724134EFCBDFB95FC3EFBA1" author="Dahlgren TG" box="[790,965,1114,1138]" pageId="32" pageNumber="2894" pagination="575 - 585" refId="ref24041" refString="Dahlgren TG. 1996. Two new species of Dysponetus (Polychaeta: Chrysopetalidae) from Italy and Papua New Guinea. Proc Biol Soc Wash. 109: 575 - 585." type="journal article" year="1996">Dahlgren, 1996</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C40DA978724134EFBADFB95FD87FB47" authority="Darbyshire and Brewin, 2015" authorityName="Darbyshire and Brewin" authorityYear="2015" class="Polychaeta" family="Chrysopetalidae" genus="Dysponetus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="32" pageNumber="2894" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="ovalisetosus">
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<emphasis id="B9347D068724134EFBADFB95FED9FB47" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="2894">Dysponetus ovalisetosus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD1DCE58724134EFE86FBB3FD87FB47" author="Darbyshire T & Brewin PE" box="[301,636,1148,1172]" pageId="32" pageNumber="2894" pagination="359 - 370" refId="ref24213" refString="Darbyshire T, Brewin PE. 2015. Three new species of Dysponetus Levinsen, 1879 (Polychaeta: Chrysopetalidae) from the South Atlantic and Southern Ocean, with a re-description of Dysponetus bulbosus Hartmann-Schroder, 1982. Zootaxa. 4040: 359 - 370." type="journal article" year="2015">Darbyshire and Brewin, 2015</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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) exhibit copulatory organs. Epitokous swimming neurochaetae in
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<taxonomicName id="4C40DA978724134EFE05FB50FC9CFB64" authority="(Langerhans, 1880)" baseAuthorityName="Langerhans" baseAuthorityYear="1880" box="[430,871,1183,1207]" class="Polychaeta" family="Chrysopetalidae" genus="Dysponetus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="32" pageNumber="2894" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="caecus">
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<emphasis id="B9347D068724134EFE05FB50FD7AFB64" box="[430,641,1183,1207]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="2894">Dysponetus caecus</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD1DCE58724134EFD39FB50FCA4FB64" author="Langerhans P" box="[658,863,1183,1207]" pageId="32" pageNumber="2894" pagination="267 - 316" refId="ref25762" refString="Langerhans P. 1880. Die Wurmfauna von Madeira [The worm fauna of Madeira]. Z Wiss Zool. 33: 267 - 316. German." type="journal article" year="1880">Langerhans, 1880</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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have been reported by
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD1DCE58724134EFF0BFB0DFE7EFB09" author="Watson C & Chivers A & Narayanaswamy BE & Lamont PA & Turnewitsch R" box="[160,389,1218,1242]" pageId="32" pageNumber="2894" pagination="311 - 325" refId="ref27641" refString="Watson C, Chivers A, Narayanaswamy BE, Lamont PA, Turnewitsch R. 2014. Chrysopetalidae (Annelida: Phyllodocida) from the Senghor Seamount, north-east Atlantic: taxa with deep-sea affinities and morphological adaptations. Mem Vict Mus. 71: 311 - 325." type="journal article" year="2014">Watson et al. (2014)</bibRefCitation>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C40DA978724134EFE69FB0DFD20FB09" authorityName="Levinsen" authorityYear="1879" box="[450,731,1218,1242]" class="Polychaeta" family="Chrysopetalidae" genus="Dysponetus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="32" pageNumber="2894" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="pygmaeus">
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<emphasis id="B9347D068724134EFE69FB0DFDBBFB09" box="[450,576,1218,1242]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="2894">Dysponetus</emphasis>
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cf.
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<emphasis id="B9347D068724134EFDC7FB0DFD20FB09" box="[620,731,1218,1242]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="2894">pygmaeus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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larvae have been recorded from the plankton (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD1DCE58724134EFEB9FB2BFE06FB2F" author="Watson Russell C" box="[274,509,1252,1276]" pageId="32" pageNumber="2894" pagination="660 - 670" refId="ref27937" refString="Watson Russell C. 1987. Chrysopetalidae. In: Bhaud M, Cazaux C, editors. Description and identification of polychaete larvae; their implications in current biological problems. Oceanis. Vol. 13, Paris: Institut Oceanographique. p. 660 - 670." type="book chapter" year="1987">Watson Russell 1987</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |