209 lines
17 KiB
XML
209 lines
17 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.30.6147" ID-PMC="PMC3881355" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-30-33" ID-Pensoft-UUID="D914FFF0FFC8FF9C2C0A744BED3DFFF7" ID-PubMed="24399899" ID-Zenodo-Dep="576187" ModsDocID="1314-2003-30-33" checkinTime="1451251802241" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Wagner, Warren L., Wagner, Anthony J. & Lorence, David H." docDate="2013" docId="E69BB8962AFE18F17398BDF8F7599D48" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 30: 33-64" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 30" docPubDate="2013-11-27" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.30.6147" docTitle="Cyrtandra nukuhivensis F. Br., Bernice P. Bishop Mus. Bull. 130: 274. 1935." docType="treatment" docVersion="6" id="D914FFF0FFC8FF9C2C0A744BED3DFFF7" lastPageNumber="40" masterDocId="D914FFF0FFC8FF9C2C0A744BED3DFFF7" masterDocTitle="Revision of Cyrtandra (Gesneriaceae) in the Marquesas Islands" masterLastPageNumber="64" masterPageNumber="33" pageNumber="38" updateTime="1668140974741" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Revision of Cyrtandra (Gesneriaceae) in the Marquesas Islands</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Wagner, Warren L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Botany, MRC- 166, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, P. O. Box 37012, Washington, DC 20013 - 7012</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">wagnerw@si.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Wagner, Anthony J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Botany, MRC- 166, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, P. O. Box 37012, Washington, DC 20013 - 7012</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Lorence, David H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>National Tropical Botanical Garden, 3530 Papalina Road, Kalaheo, HI 96741 - 9599, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>PhytoKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2013</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2013-11-27</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>30</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>33</mods:start>
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<mods:end>64</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.30.6147</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.30.6147</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-30-33</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">D914FFF0FFC8FF9C2C0A744BED3DFFF7</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">576187</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152024844" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E69BB8962AFE18F17398BDF8F7599D48" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E69BB8962AFE18F17398BDF8F7599D48" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="40" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">
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<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="38" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="38">
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2.
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<taxonomicName LSID="E69BB896-2AFE-18F1-7398-BDF8F7599D48" authority="F. Br., Bernice P. Bishop Mus. Bull. 130: 274. 1935." authorityName="F. Br., Bernice P. Bishop Mus. Bull. 130: 274. 1935." class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Gesneriaceae" genus="Cyrtandra" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cyrtandra nukuhivensis" order="Tubiflorae" pageId="5" pageNumber="38" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="nukuhivensis">Cyrtandra nukuhivensis F. Br., Bernice P. Bishop Mus. Bull. 130: 274. 1935.</taxonomicName>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Cyrtandra nukuhivensis F. Br. A Habit B Inflorescence C Flower, lateral view D Fruit. Drawn from field images and Perlman 15060 (US, PTBG), except A from Perlman 15034 (US)." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/10495" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="38" type="type">
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="38">Type.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="38">Marquesas Islands: Nuku Hiva: Rain forest, 800 m, September 1922, E.H. Quayle 1233 [1293] (holotype: BISH-509954!; isotypes: BISH!, BKL).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="38" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="38">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="38">
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Shrubs (1.5-) 2-5 m tall; stems usually few. Leaves opposite, borne on upper 4-8 nodes, elliptic, occasionally elliptic-oblanceolate, 14-24.5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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5-7.5 cm, glabrate, upper surface glossy, dark green, lower surface pale green, margins serrulate, apex rounded and usually with acuminate tip, base attenuate, petioles 3-6 cm. Flowers in congested cymes 2.0-7 cm arising in the upper leaf axils, flowers 1-9, ferruginous pubescent, quickly glabrate, peduncles 10-35 mm long, ca. 1-2 mm in diameter, pedicels 2-18 mm, bracts triangular, ca. 3-5 mm; calyx ellipsoid, white, plicate, 15-23 mm long, the lobes 6-11 mm long, deciduous after anthesis; corolla broadly funnelform, tube ca. 22-30 mm, slightly exceeding the calyx, the lobes ca. 8-10 mm long; style ca. 3 mm long, pubescent. Young berry cylindrical-ovoid, 10-18 mm long.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="38" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="38">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="38">Marquesas Islands, uncommon, endemic to Nuku Hiva, Toovii Plateau to Mt. Ooumu, from 800 to 1150 m.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="39" type="ecology">
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="39">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="6" pageNumber="39" start="start">Ecology</pageBreakToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="39">
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<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Gesneriaceae" genus="Cyrtandra" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Tubiflorae" pageId="6" pageNumber="39" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="nukuhivensis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="39">Cyrtandra nukuhivensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is known from montane wet forest with
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Metrosideros" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Myrtales" pageId="6" pageNumber="39" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="collina">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="39">Metrosideros collina</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(J. R. Forst. & G. Forst.) A. Gray and
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Forest Brown" authorityYear="1935" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cunoniaceae" genus="Weinmannia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Oxalidales" pageId="6" pageNumber="39" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="marquesana">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="39">Weinmannia marquesana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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F. Br. forest with diverse fern understory along with other shrubs and trees such as species of
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Araliaceae" genus="Cheirodendron" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Apiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="39">Cheirodendron</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName class="Rosopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Coprosma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Gentianales" pageId="6" pageNumber="39" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="39">Coprosma</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhizophoraceae" genus="Crossostylis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Malpighiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="39">Crossostylis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aquifoliaceae" genus="Ilex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Aquifoliales" pageId="6" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="39">Ilex</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Rutaceae" genus="Melicope" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Rutales" pageId="6" pageNumber="39" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="39">Melicope</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Flacourtiaceae" genus="Xylosma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Violales" pageId="6" pageNumber="39" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="39">Xylosma</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="40" type="conservation status">
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="40">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="7" pageNumber="40" start="start">Conservation</pageBreakToken>
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status.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="40">
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IUCN Red List Category: Endangered EN B1ab (i,ii,iii) + 2 ab (i,ii,iii): B2: total area of occupancy less than 5000 km2 (ca. 340 km2). B1a, severely fragmented; B1b (i-iii), habitat continuing decline inferred. The suitable habitat for
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<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Gesneriaceae" genus="Cyrtandra" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Tubiflorae" pageId="7" pageNumber="40" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="nukuhivensis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="40">Cyrtandra nukuhivensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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on Nuku Hiva (ca. 340 km2), is restricted to mountain slopes and summits, indicated as an endangered environment that is threatened by human activity (deforestation and fire), feral animals, and invasive plants, reducing the extent of the forest (
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<bibRefCitation author="Florence, J" journalOrPublisher="Allertonia" pageId="24" pageNumber="57" pagination="226 - 237" refId="B8" refString="Florence, J, Lorence, DH, 1997. Introduction to the flora and vegetation of the Marquesas Islands. Allertonia 7: 226 - 237" title="Introduction to the flora and vegetation of the Marquesas Islands." volume="7" year="1997">Florence and Lorence 1997</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation author="Mueller-Dombois, D" journalOrPublisher="Springer, New York" pageId="24" pageNumber="57" pagination="444 - 460" refId="B14" refString="Mueller-Dombois, D, Fosberg, FR, 1998. Marquesas. Vegetation of the Tropical Pacific Islands. Springer, New York: 444 - 460" title="Marquesas. Vegetation of the Tropical Pacific Islands." year="1998">Mueller-Dombois and Fosberg 1998</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation author="Meyer, J-Y" editor="Gillespie, RG" journalOrPublisher="University of California Press, Berkeley" pageId="24" pageNumber="57" pagination="332 - 338" refId="B13" refString="Meyer, J-Y, Salvat, B, 2009. French Polynesia, Biology. In: Gillespie, RG, Clague, DA, Eds., Encyclopedia of Islands. University of California Press, Berkeley: 332 - 338" title="French Polynesia, Biology." volumeTitle="Encyclopedia of Islands." year="2009">Meyer and Salvat 2009</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="40" type="specimens examined">
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="40">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="40">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="40">Marquesas Islands. Nuku Hiva:</emphasis>
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Toovii, 800 m, Quayle 1293 (BISH [2]); Toovii, flanc N de
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<normalizedToken originalValue="l’épaulement">l'epaulement</normalizedToken>
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SE du Mt. Ooumu, 960 m, 29 May 1984, Florence 6851 (BISH, P); Toovii,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="épaulement">epaulement</normalizedToken>
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S du Mt. Ooumu, 930 m,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="8" direction="south" minutes="51" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-8.85">8°51'S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="140" direction="west" minutes="8" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-140.13333">140°8'W</geoCoordinate>
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, 8 December 1982, Florence 4337 (BISH [2], K, NY, P, US); Toovii, flanc SE du Mt. Ooumu, 1020 m,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="8" direction="south" minutes="50" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-8.833333">8°50'S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="140" direction="west" minutes="09" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-140.15">140°09'W</geoCoordinate>
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, 11 March 1986, Florence 7523 (BISH, US); Toovii Plateau, spur of Mt. Ooumu, 950 m, 18 July 1977,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Gagné">Gagne</normalizedToken>
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1104 (BISH)
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Gagné">Gagne</normalizedToken>
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930 m, 1105 (BISH, US); Toovii Plateau,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="l’Economie">l'Economie</normalizedToken>
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Rurale, summit, above new road, on crest, 1152 m, 16 July 1988, Perlman, Wagner, Lorence & Florence 10100 (BISH, E, MO, PAP, PTBG, US); ravine en
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<normalizedToken originalValue="forêt">foret</normalizedToken>
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de Toovii, 2 March 1973,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Hallé">Halle</normalizedToken>
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2073 (US); between Taiohae Bay and Hooumi Bay, 900 m, 20 July 1977,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Gagné">Gagne</normalizedToken>
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& Montgomery 1160 (BISH); S slope of Mt. Tapuaooa, 10 July 1970, Gillett 2178 (BISH, US); Mt. Ooumu, 3500 ft, 28 March 1960, Decker 376 (BISH, US [2]); Toovii, Ooumu area, top of Tapueahu Valley off new hwy, 1067-1128 m,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="8" direction="south" minutes="51" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-8.85">8°51'S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="140" direction="west" minutes="19" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-140.31667">140°19'W</geoCoordinate>
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, 20-22 September 1995, Wood & Perlman 4626, (PAP, PTBG, US, WU); Ooumu area, top of Tapueahu Valley off new Hwy, 1067-1128 m,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="8" direction="south" minutes="51" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="53" value="-8.864722">8°51'53"S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="140" direction="west" minutes="10" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="6.3" value="-140.16843">140°10'6.3"W</geoCoordinate>
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, 23 June 1997, Wood, Meyer, Luce & Tetuanui 6340 (PTBG); summit of ridge S of Tekao, 0.5 mile N New Airport Road, between Airport Road & Tekao, main ridge above Toovii, 1128 m, 25 September 1995, Perlman & Wood 15060 (BISH, P, PAP, PTBG, US, WU); along new Airport road, along summit crest above Toovii, Peak #1227 M., summit of Mts. S of Tekao, 1122 m, 22 September 1995, Perlman & Wood 15034 (BISH, MO, P, PAP, PTBG [2], US, WU).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="40" type="discussion">
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="40">Discussion.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="40">
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<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Gesneriaceae" genus="Cyrtandra" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Tubiflorae" pageId="7" pageNumber="40" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="nukuhivensis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="40">Cyrtandra nukuhivensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is delimited in a more restricted way than previously and is here considered to be endemic to Nuku Hiva. The Ua Pou plants are here considered a distinct, but closely related species.
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</paragraph>
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<caption httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/10495" pageId="7" pageNumber="40" start="Figure 4" startId="F4">
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="40">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="40">Figure 4.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Gesneriaceae" genus="Cyrtandra" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Tubiflorae" pageId="7" pageNumber="40" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="nukuhivensis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="40">Cyrtandra nukuhivensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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F. Br.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="40">A</emphasis>
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Habit
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="40">B</emphasis>
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Inflorescence
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="40">C</emphasis>
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Flower, lateral view
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="40">D</emphasis>
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Fruit. Drawn from field images and Perlman 15060 (US, PTBG), except A from Perlman 15034 (US).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |