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461 lines
40 KiB
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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.430.8094" ID-PMC="PMC4141162" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-430-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="FFE6FF8CFFD43B66335AD2203774DB49" ID-PubMed="25152663" ID-Zenodo-Dep="578441" ID-ZooBank="86F760563B8B49FB9C86FAD0DB0CBE8C" ModsDocID="1313-2970-430-1" checkinTime="1451245551152" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Erwin, Terry L. & Zamorano, Laura S." docDate="2014" docId="51DE976C49DE549D6918050063354B31" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 430: 1-108" docOrigin="ZooKeys 430" docPubDate="2014-08-01" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.430.8094" docTitle="Asklepia vigilante Erwin & Zamorano 2014, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="47519645-5E47-4EA7-A8E2-A3B30C7E251B" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" id="FFE6FF8CFFD43B66335AD2203774DB49" lastPageNumber="75" masterDocId="FFE6FF8CFFD43B66335AD2203774DB49" masterDocTitle="A synopsis of the tribe Lachnophorini, with a new genus of Neotropical distribution and a revision of the Neotropical genus Asklepia Liebke, 1938 (Insecta, Coleoptera, Carabidae)" masterLastPageNumber="108" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="73" updateTime="1668159067277" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>A synopsis of the tribe Lachnophorini, with a new genus of Neotropical distribution and a revision of the Neotropical genus Asklepia Liebke, 1938 (Insecta, Coleoptera, Carabidae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Erwin, Terry L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Hyper-diversity Group, Department of Entomology, MRC- 187, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, P. O. Box 37012, DC 20013 - 7012, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">erwint@si.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Zamorano, Laura S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Research Student, MRC- 187, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, P. O. Box 37012, DC 20013 - 7012, USA & Laboratorio de Zoologia Acuatica LAZOEA, Departamento de Ciencias Biologicas, Universidad de los Andes, Colombia</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2014</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2014-08-01</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>430</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>108</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.430.8094</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.430.8094</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-430-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">86F760563B8B49FB9C86FAD0DB0CBE8C</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">FFE6FF8CFFD43B66335AD2203774DB49</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">578441</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<subSection lastPageId="74" lastPageNumber="75" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" type="accounts of taxa">
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152054772" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:47519645-5E47-4EA7-A8E2-A3B30C7E251B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/51DE976C49DE549D6918050063354B31" lastPageId="74" lastPageNumber="75" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
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<subSubSection pageId="72" pageNumber="73" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/47519645-5E47-4EA7-A8E2-A3B30C7E251B" authority="Erwin & Zamorano" authorityName="Erwin & Zamorano" authorityYear="2014" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Asklepia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Asklepia vigilante" order="Coleoptera" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vigilante" status="sp. n.">Asklepia vigilante Erwin & Zamorano</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="72" pageNumber="73">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Vigilante pattern-wing beetle
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 53–55" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 53 - 55. Digital Photo-illustrations, habitus, dorsal aspect of holotypes. 53 Asklepia strandi Liebke, 1938, Guyana, ABL = 3.00 mm (from Liebke, 1938: 114). Liebke's illustration of Asklepia strandi Liebke. The single specimen Liebke described was likely lost during World War II. We have seen no specimens from Guyana, nor any specimens matching this illustration from anywhere 54 Asklepia surinamensis Erwin & Zamorano, sp. n. ADP 130040, l'Hermitage, Surinam River, Surinam 55 Asklepia vigilante Erwin & Zamorano, sp. n. ADP 051642, Boca del Rio Samiria, Peru. Scale line = 1 mm." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/30645" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Figs 55</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 69–74" captionStartId="F19" captionText="Figure 69 - 74. 69 Asklepia kathleenae Erwin & Zamorano, sp. n. ADP 132529, Belem, Brazil 70 Asklepia marchantaria Erwin & Zamorano, sp. n. Adis 001103, Ilha de Marchantaria, Lago Camaleao, Brazil 71 Asklepia pakitza Erwin & Zamorano, sp. n. ADP 132466, Pakitza, Peru 72 Asklepia paraguayensis Zamorano & Erwin, sp. n. ADP 132769, San Lorenzo Paraguay 73 Asklepia surinamensis Zamorano & Erwin, sp. n. ADP 132763, l'Hermitage, Surinam 74 Asklepia vigilante Erwin & Zamorano, sp. n. ADP 067301, Boca del Rio Samiria, Peru." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/30649" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">, 74</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 78" captionStartId="F22" captionText="Figure 78. Distribution map for known localities of Asklepia species of the pulchripennis group." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/30652" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">, 78</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="72" pageNumber="73" type="holotype">
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<paragraph pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Holotype.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Perú">Peru</normalizedToken>
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</emphasis>
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, Loreto, Boca del
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
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Samiria, 1 km SW Vigilante post No. 1,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="4.5005" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-4.5005">4.5005°S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="74.0659" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-74.0659">74.0659°W</geoCoordinate>
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, 99m, 16 August 1991 (T.L. Erwin, M.G. Pogue)(MUSM: ADP051642, female).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="72" pageNumber="73" type="derivation of specific epithet">
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<paragraph pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Derivation of specific epithet.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
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The specific epithet,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">vigilante</emphasis>
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, is a singular Latinized feminine noun in apposition, based on the name of the place near which these beetles are found.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="72" pageNumber="73" type="proposed english vernacular name">
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<paragraph pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Proposed english vernacular name.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Vigilante pattern-wing beetle.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="72" pageNumber="73" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
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With the attributes of the genus
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Liebke" authorityYear="1938" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Asklepia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Asklepia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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as described by
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<bibRefCitation author="Liebke, M" journalOrPublisher="Embrik Strand" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" pagination="37 - 141" refId="B54" refString="Liebke, M, 1938. Denkschrift ueber die Carabiden-Tribus Colliurini. Festschrift zum 60. Geburtstage von Profesor Dr. Embrik Strand 4: 37 - 141" title="Denkschrift ueber die Carabiden-Tribus Colliurini. Festschrift zum 60. Geburtstage von Profesor Dr." volume="4" year="1938">Liebke (1938)</bibRefCitation>
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and as noted above under the generic diagnosis, and medium-size to large-size for the genus (SBL = 2.589-3.259 mm). Adults with head aurantiacus, prothorax fulvous, elytral maculae fulvous or aurantiacus in some individuals; elytron fuscous with a triangular flavous macula in the lower right corner of the proximal apical quadrant, broad flavous macula ending in hook crossing from medial lateral quadrant to right half of medial proximal quadrant, triangular flavous macula in the upper right corner of apical proximal quadrant, apical and lateral margin fulvous; metasternum fulvous, abdominal sterna with III-VI, and epipleuron fulvous, abdominal sternum VII fuscous; legs flavotestaceous; antennal scape and pedicel testaceous, antennomeres 3-6 and basal half of 7 deeply infuscated, apical half of 7 and 8-11 white. Dorsal surface devoid of microsculpture, surface luster very shiny. Pronotum markedly convex with lateral margin effaced except just anterior to hind angle and there a simple bead; hind angle moderately prominent; anterior angles feebly produced; median line feebly defined. Elytral interneurs evident as short discontinuous rows of widely spaced coarse punctures, interneurs effaced in the medial quadrants.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="73" lastPageNumber="74" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="73" lastPageNumber="74" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
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(
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 53–55" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 53 - 55. Digital Photo-illustrations, habitus, dorsal aspect of holotypes. 53 Asklepia strandi Liebke, 1938, Guyana, ABL = 3.00 mm (from Liebke, 1938: 114). Liebke's illustration of Asklepia strandi Liebke. The single specimen Liebke described was likely lost during World War II. We have seen no specimens from Guyana, nor any specimens matching this illustration from anywhere 54 Asklepia surinamensis Erwin & Zamorano, sp. n. ADP 130040, l'Hermitage, Surinam River, Surinam 55 Asklepia vigilante Erwin & Zamorano, sp. n. ADP 051642, Boca del Rio Samiria, Peru. Scale line = 1 mm." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/30645" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Fig. 55</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 69–74" captionStartId="F19" captionText="Figure 69 - 74. 69 Asklepia kathleenae Erwin & Zamorano, sp. n. ADP 132529, Belem, Brazil 70 Asklepia marchantaria Erwin & Zamorano, sp. n. Adis 001103, Ilha de Marchantaria, Lago Camaleao, Brazil 71 Asklepia pakitza Erwin & Zamorano, sp. n. ADP 132466, Pakitza, Peru 72 Asklepia paraguayensis Zamorano & Erwin, sp. n. ADP 132769, San Lorenzo Paraguay 73 Asklepia surinamensis Zamorano & Erwin, sp. n. ADP 132763, l'Hermitage, Surinam 74 Asklepia vigilante Erwin & Zamorano, sp. n. ADP 067301, Boca del Rio Samiria, Peru." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/30649" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">74</figureCitation>
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).
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="73" pageNumber="74" start="start">Habitus</pageBreakToken>
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</emphasis>
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:
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</emphasis>
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(
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 53–55" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 53 - 55. Digital Photo-illustrations, habitus, dorsal aspect of holotypes. 53 Asklepia strandi Liebke, 1938, Guyana, ABL = 3.00 mm (from Liebke, 1938: 114). Liebke's illustration of Asklepia strandi Liebke. The single specimen Liebke described was likely lost during World War II. We have seen no specimens from Guyana, nor any specimens matching this illustration from anywhere 54 Asklepia surinamensis Erwin & Zamorano, sp. n. ADP 130040, l'Hermitage, Surinam River, Surinam 55 Asklepia vigilante Erwin & Zamorano, sp. n. ADP 051642, Boca del Rio Samiria, Peru. Scale line = 1 mm." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/30645" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Fig. 55</figureCitation>
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).
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Size</emphasis>
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:
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</emphasis>
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[See also
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<tableCitation captionStart="Table 26" captionStartId="T26" captionText="Table 26. Asklepia vigilante Erwin & Zamorano, sp. n." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/C0A6459AADFF3079A665441E0EA0ED18" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" tableUuid="C0A6459AADFF3079A665441E0EA0ED18">Table 26</tableCitation>
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] Medium-size to large for the genus; ABL = 3.002-3.372 mm, SBL = 2.589-3.259 mm, TW (total width) 1.397-1.598 mm, LP = 0.556-0.751 mm, WP = 0.703-0.861 mm, LE = 1.623-2.024 mm.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Color</emphasis>
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:
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</emphasis>
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See diagnosis above.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Luster</emphasis>
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:
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</emphasis>
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See diagnosis above.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Head</emphasis>
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(
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 53–55" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 53 - 55. Digital Photo-illustrations, habitus, dorsal aspect of holotypes. 53 Asklepia strandi Liebke, 1938, Guyana, ABL = 3.00 mm (from Liebke, 1938: 114). Liebke's illustration of Asklepia strandi Liebke. The single specimen Liebke described was likely lost during World War II. We have seen no specimens from Guyana, nor any specimens matching this illustration from anywhere 54 Asklepia surinamensis Erwin & Zamorano, sp. n. ADP 130040, l'Hermitage, Surinam River, Surinam 55 Asklepia vigilante Erwin & Zamorano, sp. n. ADP 051642, Boca del Rio Samiria, Peru. Scale line = 1 mm." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/30645" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Fig. 55</figureCitation>
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): as in description for genus above.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Prothorax</emphasis>
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.
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</emphasis>
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Pronotum (
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 53–55" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 53 - 55. Digital Photo-illustrations, habitus, dorsal aspect of holotypes. 53 Asklepia strandi Liebke, 1938, Guyana, ABL = 3.00 mm (from Liebke, 1938: 114). Liebke's illustration of Asklepia strandi Liebke. The single specimen Liebke described was likely lost during World War II. We have seen no specimens from Guyana, nor any specimens matching this illustration from anywhere 54 Asklepia surinamensis Erwin & Zamorano, sp. n. ADP 130040, l'Hermitage, Surinam River, Surinam 55 Asklepia vigilante Erwin & Zamorano, sp. n. ADP 051642, Boca del Rio Samiria, Peru. Scale line = 1 mm." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/30645" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Fig. 55</figureCitation>
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) slightly broad, about as wide as head across eyes (WH/WP, mean both sexes: 1.051), longer than head (LP/LH, mean both sexes: 1.436), about as wide as long (WP/LP, mean both sexes: 1.209); markedly cordiform and rounded, lateral margin effaced with seta at anterior third on slightly raised area; apex markedly constricted; anterior angle feebly produced, hind angle slightly produced and setose; median line feebly defined, apical transverse impressions punctate, punctures infuscated; surface smooth throughout.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Pterothorax</emphasis>
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.
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</emphasis>
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Normal for genus, see description for genus above. Elytra moderate convex; at apical third twice as wide as head across eyes (WH/TW, mean both sexes: 0.534) and pronotum (WP/TW, mean both sexes: 0.508), longer than wide. Elytral interneurs evident as short discontinuous rows of widely spaced coarse punctures, interneurs effaced in the medial quadrants. Hind wings fully developed.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Legs</emphasis>
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.
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</emphasis>
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Overall, normal for genus, see description for genus above.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Abdominal sterna</emphasis>
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.
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</emphasis>
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Overall, normal for genus, see description for genus above.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Male genitalia</emphasis>
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(
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 69–74" captionStartId="F19" captionText="Figure 69 - 74. 69 Asklepia kathleenae Erwin & Zamorano, sp. n. ADP 132529, Belem, Brazil 70 Asklepia marchantaria Erwin & Zamorano, sp. n. Adis 001103, Ilha de Marchantaria, Lago Camaleao, Brazil 71 Asklepia pakitza Erwin & Zamorano, sp. n. ADP 132466, Pakitza, Peru 72 Asklepia paraguayensis Zamorano & Erwin, sp. n. ADP 132769, San Lorenzo Paraguay 73 Asklepia surinamensis Zamorano & Erwin, sp. n. ADP 132763, l'Hermitage, Surinam 74 Asklepia vigilante Erwin & Zamorano, sp. n. ADP 067301, Boca del Rio Samiria, Peru." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/30649" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Fig. 74</figureCitation>
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, see
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 57–62" captionStartId="F17" captionText="Figure 57 - 62. Illustrations, male aedeagus, dorsal, ventral, left lateral aspects. 57 Asklepia geminata (Bates, 1871) ADP 109186, Rio Samiria, Boca Cano Ingles Camp, Peru 58 Asklepia campbellorum Zamorano & Erwin, sp. n. ADP 109196, 20 km SW Manaus, Brazil 59 Asklepia demiti Erwin & Zamorano, sp. n. ADP 132585, Rio Demiti, Brazil 60 Asklepia grammechrysea Zamorano & Erwin, sp. n. ADP 052565, Rio Sucusari, Peru 61 Asklepia laetitia Zamorano & Erwin, sp. n. ADP 109190, Leticia, Colombia. Legend: a apical area; bl basal lobe; bo basal orifice; lp left paramere; ml median lobe; om ostial membrane; oo ostial opening; rp right paramere; sh shaft; pb phallobase; ps phallobase shaft; ms medial spine; ds distal spine 62 Asklepia lebioides (Bates, 1871), comb. n., ADP 109208, Rio Demiti, Brazil. Scale line = 0.25 mm." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/30647" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Fig. 61</figureCitation>
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for attribute labels). Median lobe with phallobase short about a fourth the length of shaft, basal opening large, oriented parallel to shaft. Shaft broad, moderately curved ventrally, dorsally sclerotized except for short ostium; in ventral aspect tapered toward rather broadly acute apex, in lateral aspect, a rounded apex. Left paramere very large and broad, right small and triangular; apex of left paramere lobate much longer than right paramere, about half the length of shaft (measured in left lateral aspect). Endophallus with 2 preapical spines, distal one very large.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Female genitalia</emphasis>
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.
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</emphasis>
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Not investigated, presumably similar to that of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Erwin & Zamorano" authorityYear="2014" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Asklepia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="demiti">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Asklepia demiti</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. n.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="73" pageNumber="74" type="dispersal potential">
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<paragraph pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Dispersal potential.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="73" pageNumber="74">These beetles are macropterous and probably capable of flight. They are moderately swift and agile runners.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="73" pageNumber="74" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
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(
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 78" captionStartId="F22" captionText="Figure 78. Distribution map for known localities of Asklepia species of the pulchripennis group." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/30652" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Fig. 78</figureCitation>
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). This species has been found at only one location on the black-water system of the upper Amazon River drainage system. But that does not at all indicate its real distribution: as has been pointed out above, very small beetles are inadequately sampled, especially in the Neotropics.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection pageId="73" pageNumber="74" type="way of life">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Way of life.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
|
||
See
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Erwin, TL" journalOrPublisher="Revista Peruana de Entomologia" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" pagination="1 - 85" refId="B22" refString="Erwin, TL, 1991. Natural history of the carabid beetles at the BIOLAT Rio Manu Biological Station, Pakitza, Peru. Revista Peruana de Entomologia 33: 1 - 85" title="Natural history of the carabid beetles at the BIOLAT Rio Manu Biological Station, Pakitza, Peru." volume="33" year="1991">Erwin (1991)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
for a general description. Adults of this species are active in the rainy season in
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Igapó">Igapo</normalizedToken>
|
||
rainforest. They occur in wet leaf litter on wet soil in swales off to the side of the main river course and in open grassy marshes with some standing water.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="74" pageNumber="75" type="other specimens examined">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="74" pageNumber="75">
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="74" pageNumber="75" start="start">Other</pageBreakToken>
|
||
specimens examined.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="74" pageNumber="75">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Perú">Peru</normalizedToken>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, Loreto,1 km SW Boca del Rio Samiria, Vigilante post No. 1,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="4.5005" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-4.5005">4.5005°S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="74.0659" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-74.0659">74.0659°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 99m, 5 May 1990 (T.L. Erwin)(NMNH: ADP132520, female paratype),14 August 1991 (T.L. Erwin)(NMNH: ADP067302, female paratype, ADP067301, male paratype),16 August 1991 (T.L. Erwin, M.G. Pogue) (NMNH: ADP051665, male paratype).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/30647" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" start="Figure 57–62" startId="F17">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="74" pageNumber="75">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Figure 57-62.</emphasis>
|
||
Illustrations, male aedeagus, dorsal, ventral, left lateral aspects.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">57</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Erwin & Zamorano" authorityYear="2014" baseAuthorityName="Bates" baseAuthorityYear="1871" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Asklepia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="geminata">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Asklepia geminata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Bates, 1871) ADP109186,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
|
||
Samiria, Boca
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Caño">Cano</normalizedToken>
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Inglés">Ingles</normalizedToken>
|
||
Camp,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Perú">Peru</normalizedToken>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">58</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Zamorano & Erwin" authorityYear="2014" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Asklepia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="campbellorum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Asklepia campbellorum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Zamorano & Erwin, sp. n. ADP109196, 20 km SW Manaus, Brazil
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">59</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Erwin & Zamorano" authorityYear="2014" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Asklepia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="demiti">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Asklepia demiti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Erwin & Zamorano, sp. n. ADP132585, Rio Demiti, Brazil
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">60</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Zamorano & Erwin" authorityYear="2014" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Asklepia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grammechrysea">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Asklepia grammechrysea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Zamorano & Erwin, sp. n. ADP052565,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
|
||
Sucusari,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Perú">Peru</normalizedToken>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">61</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Zamorano & Erwin" authorityYear="2014" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Asklepia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laetitia">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Asklepia laetitia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Zamorano & Erwin, sp. n. ADP109190, Leticia, Colombia. Legend:
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">a</emphasis>
|
||
apical area;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">bl</emphasis>
|
||
basal lobe;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">bo</emphasis>
|
||
basal orifice;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">lp</emphasis>
|
||
left paramere;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">ml</emphasis>
|
||
median lobe;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">om</emphasis>
|
||
ostial membrane;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">oo</emphasis>
|
||
ostial opening;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">rp</emphasis>
|
||
right paramere;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">sh</emphasis>
|
||
shaft;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">pb</emphasis>
|
||
phallobase;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">ps</emphasis>
|
||
phallobase shaft;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">ms</emphasis>
|
||
medial spine;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">ds</emphasis>
|
||
distal spine
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">62</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Erwin & Zamorano" authorityYear="2014" baseAuthorityName="Bates" baseAuthorityYear="1871" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Asklepia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lebioides">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Asklepia lebioides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Bates, 1871), comb. n., ADP109208, Rio Demiti, Brazil. Scale line = 0.25 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/30648" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" start="Figure 63–68" startId="F18">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="74" pageNumber="75">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Figure 63-68.</emphasis>
|
||
Illustrations, male aedeagus, dorsal, ventral, left lateral aspects.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">63</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Zamorano & Erwin" authorityYear="2014" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Asklepia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="matomena">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Asklepia matomena</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Zamorano & Erwin, sp. n. ADP132527, 20 km SW Manaus, Brazil
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">64</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Erwin & Zamorano" authorityYear="2014" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Asklepia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="adisi">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Asklepia adisi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Erwin & Zamorano, sp. n. Adis # 001335, Ilha de Marchantaria, Lago
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Camaleão">Camaleao</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Brazil
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">65</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Erwin & Zamorano" authorityYear="2014" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Asklepia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="biolat">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Asklepia biolat</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Erwin & Zamorano, sp. n. ADP132480, Pakitza,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Perú">Peru</normalizedToken>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">66</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Zamorano & Erwin" authorityYear="2014" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Asklepia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bracheia">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Asklepia bracheia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Zamorano & Erwin, sp. n. ADP067304, Boca del
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
|
||
Samiria
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Perú">Peru</normalizedToken>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">67</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Erwin & Zamorano" authorityYear="2014" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Asklepia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ecuadoriana">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Asklepia ecuadoriana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Erwin & Zamorano, sp. n. ADP132468, Limoncocha, Ecuador. Endophallus not everted
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">68</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Erwin & Zamorano" authorityYear="2014" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Asklepia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ecuadoriana">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Asklepia ecuadoriana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Erwin & Zamorano, sp. n. ADP132468, Limoncocha, Ecuador. Endophallus everted. Scale line = 0.25 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/30649" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" start="Figure 69–74" startId="F19">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="74" pageNumber="75">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Figure 69-74.</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">69</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Erwin & Zamorano" authorityYear="2014" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Asklepia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kathleenae">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Asklepia kathleenae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Erwin & Zamorano, sp. n. ADP132529,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Belém">Belem</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Brazil
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">70</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Erwin & Zamorano" authorityYear="2014" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Asklepia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marchantaria">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Asklepia marchantaria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Erwin & Zamorano, sp. n. Adis # 001103, Ilha de Marchantaria, Lago
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Camaleão">Camaleao</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Brazil
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">71</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Erwin & Zamorano" authorityYear="2014" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Asklepia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pakitza">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Asklepia pakitza</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Erwin & Zamorano, sp. n. ADP132466, Pakitza,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Perú">Peru</normalizedToken>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">72</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Zamorano & Erwin" authorityYear="2014" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Asklepia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paraguayensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Asklepia paraguayensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Zamorano & Erwin, sp. n. ADP132769, San Lorenzo Paraguay
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">73</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Zamorano & Erwin" authorityYear="2014" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Asklepia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="surinamensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Asklepia surinamensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Zamorano & Erwin, sp. n. ADP132763,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="l’Hermitage">l'Hermitage</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Surinam
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">74</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Erwin & Zamorano" authorityYear="2014" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Asklepia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vigilante">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Asklepia vigilante</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Erwin & Zamorano, sp. n. ADP067301, Boca del
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
|
||
Samiria,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Perú">Peru</normalizedToken>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/30650" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" start="Figure 75" startId="F20">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="74" pageNumber="75">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Figure 75.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Erwin & Zamorano" authorityYear="2014" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Asklepia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="demiti">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Asklepia demiti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n. Digital Photo-illustration, female genitalia based on specimen ADP132483 from Rio Demiti, Brazil.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">A</emphasis>
|
||
Dorsal aspect. Legend,
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">bc</emphasis>
|
||
, bursa copulatrix;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">co</emphasis>
|
||
common oviduct;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">sg</emphasis>
|
||
spermathecal gland;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">sgd</emphasis>
|
||
spermathecal gland duct;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">sp</emphasis>
|
||
spermatheca. dorsal aspect;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">vc</emphasis>
|
||
villous canal;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">lt</emphasis>
|
||
laterotergite;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">gc1</emphasis>
|
||
gonocoxite 1;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">gc2</emphasis>
|
||
gonocoxite 2.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">B</emphasis>
|
||
Gonocoxite 2, dorsal aspect: Legend,
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">b</emphasis>
|
||
base of gonocoxite 2;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">bl</emphasis>
|
||
blade of gonocoxite 2;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">des</emphasis>
|
||
dorsal ensiform seta. C. Defense gland (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">gldr</emphasis>
|
||
);
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">cc</emphasis>
|
||
accessory gland;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">ed</emphasis>
|
||
efferent duct.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/30651" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" start="Figure 76–77" startId="F21">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="74" pageNumber="75">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Figure 76-77.</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">76</emphasis>
|
||
Distribution map for known localities of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Erwin & Zamorano" authorityYear="2014" baseAuthorityName="Bates" baseAuthorityYear="1871" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Asklepia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="geminata">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Asklepia geminata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Bates)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">77</emphasis>
|
||
Distribution map for known localities of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Liebke" authorityYear="1938" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Asklepia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Asklepia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species of the
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">hilaris</emphasis>
|
||
group.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/30652" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" start="Figure 78" startId="F22">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="74" pageNumber="75">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Figure 78.</emphasis>
|
||
Distribution map for known localities of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Liebke" authorityYear="1938" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Asklepia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Asklepia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species of the
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">pulchripennis</emphasis>
|
||
group.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/30653" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" start="Figure 79" startId="F23">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="74" pageNumber="75">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Figure 79.</emphasis>
|
||
Distribution map for known localities of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Erwin & Zamorano" authorityYear="2014" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Peruphorticus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gulliveri">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Peruphorticus gulliveri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</subSection>
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||
</document> |