525 lines
89 KiB
XML
525 lines
89 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="9F4414B10C61F4116E5A4BB6FC12A275">The Diversity of Hornets in the Genus Vespa (Hymenoptera: Vespidae; Vespinae), Their Importance and Interceptions in the United States</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="924FC2DE239DACACCC1F21C5FFCE7A4B">Carpenter, James M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="3B93E056D9469C93E17923F367DCB261">Department of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, New York, NY,</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="E98B3343239EEB1B388D1425A5505931">Kimsey, Lynn</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="B786C407554A452A68FDC14E7644D35D">Bohart Museum of Entomology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, and</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="346A27B5990ED3F3AB145C37FA3CC219">Insect Systematics and Diversity</mods:title>
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<subSection id="B06529A97E5CFF9AFCBD11733AD1FB62" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="multiple">
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<treatment id="514381547E5CFF9AFCBD11733AD1FB62" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3847020" ID-GBIF-Taxon="164133867" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3847020" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:514381547E5CFF9AFCBD11733AD1FB62" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/514381547E5CFF9AFCBD11733AD1FB62" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<subSubSection id="91F063C97E5CFF9BFCBD11733BD8F889" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="D95530427E5CFF9BFCBD11733BD8F889" blockId="2.[818,1307,1799,1857]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<heading id="821D872E7E5CFF9BFCBD11733BD8F889" bold="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" reason="3">
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<emphasis id="EB9EEC507E5CFF9BFCBD11733BD8F889" bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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Keys to the Queens and Workers of the Species of
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<taxonomicName id="1EEA4BC17E5CFF9BFC3311533B7BF889" ID-CoL="86JM" ID-ENA="7443" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[956,1032,1831,1856]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Vespa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="EB9EEC507E5CFF9BFC3311533B7BF889" bold="true" box="[956,1032,1831,1856]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Vespa</emphasis>
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of the World
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="91F063C97E5CFF9AFCB111203AD1FB62" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="key">
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<key id="AD7B67737E5CFF9AFCB111203AD1FB62" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<keyStep id="621E28E77E5CFF9BFCB111203AD1F876" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<paragraph id="D95530427E5CFF9BFCB111203AD1F84C" blockId="2.[830,1442,1876,1983]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<keyLead id="621B93777E5CFF9BFCB111203AD1F84C" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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1 Posterior ocelli about as close to compound eye as to each other (
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<figureCitation id="41D12CC77E5CFF9BFCE911053CD7F84D" box="[870,932,1905,1924]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="2.[146,181,1617,1634]" captionTargetBox="[153,1435,148,1581]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[152,1435,147,1582]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figs. 1–4. Vespa morphology. Fig. 1 (a) Hindwing. (b) Forewing apex.(c) Lateral view of pronotal lobe.(e) Hindtarsal claws.(f)Thoracic dorsum. (g) Lateral view of metasomal segment 1. Fig. 2. (a) Lateral view of pronotal lobe. (b) Dorsal view of vertex, i =distance from hind ocellus to posterior head margin, ii=distance between lateral ocellus and eye. (c) Lateral view of metasomal segment 1. (d) Costal margin of forewing apex.(e) Dorsal view of vertex.(c) Front view of clypeus and mandibles. Fig. 3.(a, b) Lateral view of head. (c, d) Lateral view of metasoma.(3a, 3c)V.soror. Fig. 4. (a, b) Lateral view of metasomal tergum 2. (c, d) Lateral view of pronotal carina. (e, f) Front view of clypeus. Figs. 1a-g, 2a, 2b, 3b, 3d, V. crabro. Fig. 2c, V. binghami. Figs. 2d, 2e, V. analis. Fig. 2f, V. bicolor. Figs. 4a, 4e, V. fervida. Fig. 4b, V. multimaculata. Figs. 4c, 4f, V. luctuosa. Fig. 4d, V. affinis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3826923" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3826923/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Fig. 2c</figureCitation>
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) .................................................
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<taxonomicName id="1EEA4BC17E5CFF9BFB5611053AD1F84C" ID-CoL="5B9RT" authority="du Buysson" authorityName="du Buysson" authorityYear="1905" box="[1241,1442,1905,1925]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Vespa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="binghami">
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<emphasis id="EB9EEC507E5CFF9BFB5611053A41F84D" bold="true" box="[1241,1330,1905,1924]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">binghami</emphasis>
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du Buysson
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</taxonomicName>
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</keyLead>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="D95530427E5CFF9BFCCC11FB3AD1F876" blockId="2.[830,1442,1876,1983]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<keyLead id="621B93777E5CFF9BFCCC11FB3AD1F876" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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- Posterior ocelli closer to each other than to compound eye (
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<figureCitation id="41D12CC77E5CFF9BFCE911D83CD5F876" box="[870,934,1964,1983]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="2.[146,181,1617,1634]" captionTargetBox="[153,1435,148,1581]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[152,1435,147,1582]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figs. 1–4. Vespa morphology. Fig. 1 (a) Hindwing. (b) Forewing apex.(c) Lateral view of pronotal lobe.(e) Hindtarsal claws.(f)Thoracic dorsum. (g) Lateral view of metasomal segment 1. Fig. 2. (a) Lateral view of pronotal lobe. (b) Dorsal view of vertex, i =distance from hind ocellus to posterior head margin, ii=distance between lateral ocellus and eye. (c) Lateral view of metasomal segment 1. (d) Costal margin of forewing apex.(e) Dorsal view of vertex.(c) Front view of clypeus and mandibles. Fig. 3.(a, b) Lateral view of head. (c, d) Lateral view of metasoma.(3a, 3c)V.soror. Fig. 4. (a, b) Lateral view of metasomal tergum 2. (c, d) Lateral view of pronotal carina. (e, f) Front view of clypeus. Figs. 1a-g, 2a, 2b, 3b, 3d, V. crabro. Fig. 2c, V. binghami. Figs. 2d, 2e, V. analis. Fig. 2f, V. bicolor. Figs. 4a, 4e, V. fervida. Fig. 4b, V. multimaculata. Figs. 4c, 4f, V. luctuosa. Fig. 4d, V. affinis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3826923" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3826923/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Fig. 2d</figureCitation>
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)..................................................................................2
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</paragraph>
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<keyStep id="621E28E77E5DFF9AFF1116E23C71FEC8" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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<paragraph id="D95530427E5DFF9AFF1116E23C72FF0F" blockId="3.[146,770,149,1958]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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<keyLead id="621B93777E5DFF9AFF1116E23C72FF0F" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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2 Apical margin of clypeus with medial tooth between laterally produced margins (
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<figureCitation id="41D12CC77E5DFF9AFEFD16C73EC3FF0F" box="[370,432,179,198]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="2.[146,181,1617,1634]" captionTargetBox="[153,1435,148,1581]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[152,1435,147,1582]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figs. 1–4. Vespa morphology. Fig. 1 (a) Hindwing. (b) Forewing apex.(c) Lateral view of pronotal lobe.(e) Hindtarsal claws.(f)Thoracic dorsum. (g) Lateral view of metasomal segment 1. Fig. 2. (a) Lateral view of pronotal lobe. (b) Dorsal view of vertex, i =distance from hind ocellus to posterior head margin, ii=distance between lateral ocellus and eye. (c) Lateral view of metasomal segment 1. (d) Costal margin of forewing apex.(e) Dorsal view of vertex.(c) Front view of clypeus and mandibles. Fig. 3.(a, b) Lateral view of head. (c, d) Lateral view of metasoma.(3a, 3c)V.soror. Fig. 4. (a, b) Lateral view of metasomal tergum 2. (c, d) Lateral view of pronotal carina. (e, f) Front view of clypeus. Figs. 1a-g, 2a, 2b, 3b, 3d, V. crabro. Fig. 2c, V. binghami. Figs. 2d, 2e, V. analis. Fig. 2f, V. bicolor. Figs. 4a, 4e, V. fervida. Fig. 4b, V. multimaculata. Figs. 4c, 4f, V. luctuosa. Fig. 4d, V. affinis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3826923" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3826923/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 2e</figureCitation>
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) ..............................
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<taxonomicName id="1EEA4BC17E5DFF9AFDE016C63C72FF0F" authority="Fabricius" authorityName="Fabricius" box="[623,769,178,198]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Vespa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="analis">
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<emphasis id="EB9EEC507E5DFF9AFDE016C63DD4FF0C" bold="true" box="[623,679,178,197]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">analis</emphasis>
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Fabricius
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</taxonomicName>
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</keyLead>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="D95530427E5DFF9AFF2C16A53C71FEC8" blockId="3.[146,770,149,1958]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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<keyLead id="621B93777E5DFF9AFF2C16A53C71FEC8" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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- Apical margin of clypeus without medial tooth between laterally produced margins (
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<figureCitation id="41D12CC77E5DFF9AFE2416993E94FEC9" box="[427,487,237,256]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="2.[146,181,1617,1634]" captionTargetBox="[153,1435,148,1581]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[152,1435,147,1582]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figs. 1–4. Vespa morphology. Fig. 1 (a) Hindwing. (b) Forewing apex.(c) Lateral view of pronotal lobe.(e) Hindtarsal claws.(f)Thoracic dorsum. (g) Lateral view of metasomal segment 1. Fig. 2. (a) Lateral view of pronotal lobe. (b) Dorsal view of vertex, i =distance from hind ocellus to posterior head margin, ii=distance between lateral ocellus and eye. (c) Lateral view of metasomal segment 1. (d) Costal margin of forewing apex.(e) Dorsal view of vertex.(c) Front view of clypeus and mandibles. Fig. 3.(a, b) Lateral view of head. (c, d) Lateral view of metasoma.(3a, 3c)V.soror. Fig. 4. (a, b) Lateral view of metasomal tergum 2. (c, d) Lateral view of pronotal carina. (e, f) Front view of clypeus. Figs. 1a-g, 2a, 2b, 3b, 3d, V. crabro. Fig. 2c, V. binghami. Figs. 2d, 2e, V. analis. Fig. 2f, V. bicolor. Figs. 4a, 4e, V. fervida. Fig. 4b, V. multimaculata. Figs. 4c, 4f, V. luctuosa. Fig. 4d, V. affinis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3826923" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3826923/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 2f</figureCitation>
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) ............................................3
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</keyLead>
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</paragraph>
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</keyStep>
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<keyStep id="621E28E77E5DFF9AFF11177F3C71FE79" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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<paragraph id="D95530427E5DFF9AFF11177F3C71FE90" blockId="3.[146,770,149,1958]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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<keyLead id="621B93777E5DFF9AFF11177F3C71FE90" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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3 Gena more than 1.7× medial width of compound eye in side view (
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<figureCitation id="41D12CC77E5DFF9AFF78175C3E46FEF2" box="[247,309,296,315]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="2.[146,181,1617,1634]" captionTargetBox="[153,1435,148,1581]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[152,1435,147,1582]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figs. 1–4. Vespa morphology. Fig. 1 (a) Hindwing. (b) Forewing apex.(c) Lateral view of pronotal lobe.(e) Hindtarsal claws.(f)Thoracic dorsum. (g) Lateral view of metasomal segment 1. Fig. 2. (a) Lateral view of pronotal lobe. (b) Dorsal view of vertex, i =distance from hind ocellus to posterior head margin, ii=distance between lateral ocellus and eye. (c) Lateral view of metasomal segment 1. (d) Costal margin of forewing apex.(e) Dorsal view of vertex.(c) Front view of clypeus and mandibles. Fig. 3.(a, b) Lateral view of head. (c, d) Lateral view of metasoma.(3a, 3c)V.soror. Fig. 4. (a, b) Lateral view of metasomal tergum 2. (c, d) Lateral view of pronotal carina. (e, f) Front view of clypeus. Figs. 1a-g, 2a, 2b, 3b, 3d, V. crabro. Fig. 2c, V. binghami. Figs. 2d, 2e, V. analis. Fig. 2f, V. bicolor. Figs. 4a, 4e, V. fervida. Fig. 4b, V. multimaculata. Figs. 4c, 4f, V. luctuosa. Fig. 4d, V. affinis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3826923" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3826923/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 3a</figureCitation>
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), interocellar distance much less than the distance from ocelli to the vertex..........................................................4
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</keyLead>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="D95530427E5DFF9AFF2C17173C71FE79" blockId="3.[146,770,149,1958]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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<keyLead id="621B93777E5DFF9AFF2C17173C71FE79" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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- Gena less than 1.7× medial width of compound eye (
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||
<figureCitation id="41D12CC77E5DFF9AFD3B17173D85FEBF" box="[692,758,355,374]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="2.[146,181,1617,1634]" captionTargetBox="[153,1435,148,1581]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[152,1435,147,1582]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figs. 1–4. Vespa morphology. Fig. 1 (a) Hindwing. (b) Forewing apex.(c) Lateral view of pronotal lobe.(e) Hindtarsal claws.(f)Thoracic dorsum. (g) Lateral view of metasomal segment 1. Fig. 2. (a) Lateral view of pronotal lobe. (b) Dorsal view of vertex, i =distance from hind ocellus to posterior head margin, ii=distance between lateral ocellus and eye. (c) Lateral view of metasomal segment 1. (d) Costal margin of forewing apex.(e) Dorsal view of vertex.(c) Front view of clypeus and mandibles. Fig. 3.(a, b) Lateral view of head. (c, d) Lateral view of metasoma.(3a, 3c)V.soror. Fig. 4. (a, b) Lateral view of metasomal tergum 2. (c, d) Lateral view of pronotal carina. (e, f) Front view of clypeus. Figs. 1a-g, 2a, 2b, 3b, 3d, V. crabro. Fig. 2c, V. binghami. Figs. 2d, 2e, V. analis. Fig. 2f, V. bicolor. Figs. 4a, 4e, V. fervida. Fig. 4b, V. multimaculata. Figs. 4c, 4f, V. luctuosa. Fig. 4d, V. affinis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3826923" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3826923/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 3b</figureCitation>
|
||
), interocellar distance as long or almost as long as the distance from ocelli to the vertex .........................................................5
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="621E28E77E5DFF9AFF1117CF3C72FDEF" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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<paragraph id="D95530427E5DFF9AFF1117CF3C71FE25" blockId="3.[146,770,149,1958]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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||
<keyLead id="621B93777E5DFF9AFF1117CF3C71FE25" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
4 Metasomal terga 3–6 black, or at most with narrow apical band on tergum 3 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="41D12CC77E5DFF9AFEFE17AC3EDCFE22" box="[369,431,472,491]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="2.[146,181,1617,1634]" captionTargetBox="[153,1435,148,1581]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[152,1435,147,1582]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figs. 1–4. Vespa morphology. Fig. 1 (a) Hindwing. (b) Forewing apex.(c) Lateral view of pronotal lobe.(e) Hindtarsal claws.(f)Thoracic dorsum. (g) Lateral view of metasomal segment 1. Fig. 2. (a) Lateral view of pronotal lobe. (b) Dorsal view of vertex, i =distance from hind ocellus to posterior head margin, ii=distance between lateral ocellus and eye. (c) Lateral view of metasomal segment 1. (d) Costal margin of forewing apex.(e) Dorsal view of vertex.(c) Front view of clypeus and mandibles. Fig. 3.(a, b) Lateral view of head. (c, d) Lateral view of metasoma.(3a, 3c)V.soror. Fig. 4. (a, b) Lateral view of metasomal tergum 2. (c, d) Lateral view of pronotal carina. (e, f) Front view of clypeus. Figs. 1a-g, 2a, 2b, 3b, 3d, V. crabro. Fig. 2c, V. binghami. Figs. 2d, 2e, V. analis. Fig. 2f, V. bicolor. Figs. 4a, 4e, V. fervida. Fig. 4b, V. multimaculata. Figs. 4c, 4f, V. luctuosa. Fig. 4d, V. affinis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3826923" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3826923/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 3c</figureCitation>
|
||
) ............................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1EEA4BC17E5DFF9AFDED17AC3C71FE25" ID-CoL="7G3BK" authority="du Buysson" authorityName="du Buysson" box="[610,770,472,492]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Vespa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="soror">
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<emphasis id="EB9EEC507E5DFF9AFDED17AC3DE1FE22" bold="true" box="[610,658,472,491]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">soror</emphasis>
|
||
du Buysson
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D95530427E5DFF9AFF2C17823C72FDEF" blockId="3.[146,770,149,1958]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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<keyLead id="621B93777E5DFF9AFF2C17823C72FDEF" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
- Metasomal segments 3–6 with orange apical band, tergum 6 mostly orange (as in
|
||
<figureCitation id="41D12CC77E5DFF9AFEF014673ECCFDEF" box="[383,447,531,550]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="2.[146,181,1617,1634]" captionTargetBox="[153,1435,148,1581]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[152,1435,147,1582]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figs. 1–4. Vespa morphology. Fig. 1 (a) Hindwing. (b) Forewing apex.(c) Lateral view of pronotal lobe.(e) Hindtarsal claws.(f)Thoracic dorsum. (g) Lateral view of metasomal segment 1. Fig. 2. (a) Lateral view of pronotal lobe. (b) Dorsal view of vertex, i =distance from hind ocellus to posterior head margin, ii=distance between lateral ocellus and eye. (c) Lateral view of metasomal segment 1. (d) Costal margin of forewing apex.(e) Dorsal view of vertex.(c) Front view of clypeus and mandibles. Fig. 3.(a, b) Lateral view of head. (c, d) Lateral view of metasoma.(3a, 3c)V.soror. Fig. 4. (a, b) Lateral view of metasomal tergum 2. (c, d) Lateral view of pronotal carina. (e, f) Front view of clypeus. Figs. 1a-g, 2a, 2b, 3b, 3d, V. crabro. Fig. 2c, V. binghami. Figs. 2d, 2e, V. analis. Fig. 2f, V. bicolor. Figs. 4a, 4e, V. fervida. Fig. 4b, V. multimaculata. Figs. 4c, 4f, V. luctuosa. Fig. 4d, V. affinis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3826923" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3826923/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 3d</figureCitation>
|
||
) .......................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1EEA4BC17E5DFF9AFDD714663C72FDEF" ID-CoL="5B9WT" authority="Smith" authorityName="Smith" box="[600,769,530,550]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Vespa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mandarinia">
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||
<emphasis id="EB9EEC507E5DFF9AFDD714663DB4FDEC" bold="true" box="[600,711,530,549]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">mandarinia</emphasis>
|
||
Smith
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="621E28E77E5DFF9AFF1114443C71FD1F" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<paragraph id="D95530427E5DFF9AFF1114443C71FDB7" blockId="3.[146,770,149,1958]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<keyLead id="621B93777E5DFF9AFF1114443C71FDB7" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
5 Punctures on sides of tergum 2 large, separated by less than one puncture width (
|
||
<figureCitation id="41D12CC77E5DFF9AFED614393EEAFDA8" box="[345,409,589,609]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="2.[146,181,1617,1634]" captionTargetBox="[153,1435,148,1581]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[152,1435,147,1582]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figs. 1–4. Vespa morphology. Fig. 1 (a) Hindwing. (b) Forewing apex.(c) Lateral view of pronotal lobe.(e) Hindtarsal claws.(f)Thoracic dorsum. (g) Lateral view of metasomal segment 1. Fig. 2. (a) Lateral view of pronotal lobe. (b) Dorsal view of vertex, i =distance from hind ocellus to posterior head margin, ii=distance between lateral ocellus and eye. (c) Lateral view of metasomal segment 1. (d) Costal margin of forewing apex.(e) Dorsal view of vertex.(c) Front view of clypeus and mandibles. Fig. 3.(a, b) Lateral view of head. (c, d) Lateral view of metasoma.(3a, 3c)V.soror. Fig. 4. (a, b) Lateral view of metasomal tergum 2. (c, d) Lateral view of pronotal carina. (e, f) Front view of clypeus. Figs. 1a-g, 2a, 2b, 3b, 3d, V. crabro. Fig. 2c, V. binghami. Figs. 2d, 2e, V. analis. Fig. 2f, V. bicolor. Figs. 4a, 4e, V. fervida. Fig. 4b, V. multimaculata. Figs. 4c, 4f, V. luctuosa. Fig. 4d, V. affinis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3826923" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3826923/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 4a</figureCitation>
|
||
); pronotal carina barely interrupted by pronotal fovea (
|
||
<figureCitation id="41D12CC77E5DFF9AFEDC141F3EE2FDB7" box="[339,401,619,638]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="2.[146,181,1617,1634]" captionTargetBox="[153,1435,148,1581]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[152,1435,147,1582]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figs. 1–4. Vespa morphology. Fig. 1 (a) Hindwing. (b) Forewing apex.(c) Lateral view of pronotal lobe.(e) Hindtarsal claws.(f)Thoracic dorsum. (g) Lateral view of metasomal segment 1. Fig. 2. (a) Lateral view of pronotal lobe. (b) Dorsal view of vertex, i =distance from hind ocellus to posterior head margin, ii=distance between lateral ocellus and eye. (c) Lateral view of metasomal segment 1. (d) Costal margin of forewing apex.(e) Dorsal view of vertex.(c) Front view of clypeus and mandibles. Fig. 3.(a, b) Lateral view of head. (c, d) Lateral view of metasoma.(3a, 3c)V.soror. Fig. 4. (a, b) Lateral view of metasomal tergum 2. (c, d) Lateral view of pronotal carina. (e, f) Front view of clypeus. Figs. 1a-g, 2a, 2b, 3b, 3d, V. crabro. Fig. 2c, V. binghami. Figs. 2d, 2e, V. analis. Fig. 2f, V. bicolor. Figs. 4a, 4e, V. fervida. Fig. 4b, V. multimaculata. Figs. 4c, 4f, V. luctuosa. Fig. 4d, V. affinis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3826923" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3826923/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 4c</figureCitation>
|
||
) ..........................................................6
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D95530427E5DFF9AFF2C14FD3C71FD1F" blockId="3.[146,770,149,1958]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<keyLead id="621B93777E5DFF9AFF2C14FD3C71FD1F" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
- Punctures on sides of metasomal tergum 2 small, separated by more than one puncture diameter (
|
||
<figureCitation id="41D12CC77E5DFF9AFD9B14D13D2AFD71" box="[532,601,677,696]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="2.[146,181,1617,1634]" captionTargetBox="[153,1435,148,1581]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[152,1435,147,1582]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figs. 1–4. Vespa morphology. Fig. 1 (a) Hindwing. (b) Forewing apex.(c) Lateral view of pronotal lobe.(e) Hindtarsal claws.(f)Thoracic dorsum. (g) Lateral view of metasomal segment 1. Fig. 2. (a) Lateral view of pronotal lobe. (b) Dorsal view of vertex, i =distance from hind ocellus to posterior head margin, ii=distance between lateral ocellus and eye. (c) Lateral view of metasomal segment 1. (d) Costal margin of forewing apex.(e) Dorsal view of vertex.(c) Front view of clypeus and mandibles. Fig. 3.(a, b) Lateral view of head. (c, d) Lateral view of metasoma.(3a, 3c)V.soror. Fig. 4. (a, b) Lateral view of metasomal tergum 2. (c, d) Lateral view of pronotal carina. (e, f) Front view of clypeus. Figs. 1a-g, 2a, 2b, 3b, 3d, V. crabro. Fig. 2c, V. binghami. Figs. 2d, 2e, V. analis. Fig. 2f, V. bicolor. Figs. 4a, 4e, V. fervida. Fig. 4b, V. multimaculata. Figs. 4c, 4f, V. luctuosa. Fig. 4d, V. affinis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3826923" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3826923/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 4b</figureCitation>
|
||
); pronotal carina widely interrupted by pronotal fovea (
|
||
<figureCitation id="41D12CC77E5DFF9AFD9014B73D2CFD1F" box="[543,607,707,726]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="2.[146,181,1617,1634]" captionTargetBox="[153,1435,148,1581]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[152,1435,147,1582]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figs. 1–4. Vespa morphology. Fig. 1 (a) Hindwing. (b) Forewing apex.(c) Lateral view of pronotal lobe.(e) Hindtarsal claws.(f)Thoracic dorsum. (g) Lateral view of metasomal segment 1. Fig. 2. (a) Lateral view of pronotal lobe. (b) Dorsal view of vertex, i =distance from hind ocellus to posterior head margin, ii=distance between lateral ocellus and eye. (c) Lateral view of metasomal segment 1. (d) Costal margin of forewing apex.(e) Dorsal view of vertex.(c) Front view of clypeus and mandibles. Fig. 3.(a, b) Lateral view of head. (c, d) Lateral view of metasoma.(3a, 3c)V.soror. Fig. 4. (a, b) Lateral view of metasomal tergum 2. (c, d) Lateral view of pronotal carina. (e, f) Front view of clypeus. Figs. 1a-g, 2a, 2b, 3b, 3d, V. crabro. Fig. 2c, V. binghami. Figs. 2d, 2e, V. analis. Fig. 2f, V. bicolor. Figs. 4a, 4e, V. fervida. Fig. 4b, V. multimaculata. Figs. 4c, 4f, V. luctuosa. Fig. 4d, V. affinis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3826923" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3826923/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 4d</figureCitation>
|
||
)........................7
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="621E28E77E5DFF9AFF1114943C72FCA0" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<paragraph id="D95530427E5DFF9AFF1114943C72FCE7" blockId="3.[146,770,149,1958]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<keyLead id="621B93777E5DFF9AFF1114943C72FCE7" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
6 Clypeus mostly black (
|
||
<figureCitation id="41D12CC77E5DFF9AFE1914943EA6FD3A" box="[406,469,736,755]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="2.[146,181,1617,1634]" captionTargetBox="[153,1435,148,1581]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[152,1435,147,1582]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figs. 1–4. Vespa morphology. Fig. 1 (a) Hindwing. (b) Forewing apex.(c) Lateral view of pronotal lobe.(e) Hindtarsal claws.(f)Thoracic dorsum. (g) Lateral view of metasomal segment 1. Fig. 2. (a) Lateral view of pronotal lobe. (b) Dorsal view of vertex, i =distance from hind ocellus to posterior head margin, ii=distance between lateral ocellus and eye. (c) Lateral view of metasomal segment 1. (d) Costal margin of forewing apex.(e) Dorsal view of vertex.(c) Front view of clypeus and mandibles. Fig. 3.(a, b) Lateral view of head. (c, d) Lateral view of metasoma.(3a, 3c)V.soror. Fig. 4. (a, b) Lateral view of metasomal tergum 2. (c, d) Lateral view of pronotal carina. (e, f) Front view of clypeus. Figs. 1a-g, 2a, 2b, 3b, 3d, V. crabro. Fig. 2c, V. binghami. Figs. 2d, 2e, V. analis. Fig. 2f, V. bicolor. Figs. 4a, 4e, V. fervida. Fig. 4b, V. multimaculata. Figs. 4c, 4f, V. luctuosa. Fig. 4d, V. affinis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3826923" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3826923/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 4e</figureCitation>
|
||
); metasomal terga mostly black or at most with yellow apical band on tergum 1 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="41D12CC77E5DFF9AFD3814893D89FCD9" box="[695,762,765,784]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="4.[146,181,1462,1479]" captionTargetBox="[153,1435,149,1426]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[152,1435,147,1427]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figs. 5–8. Vespa morphology.Fig. 5.Lateral view of metasomal tergum 2.Fig.6. (a,b) Lateral view of pretegular pronotal carina.(c, d) Front view of clypeus.Fig. 7. (a, b) Front view of clypeus. (c, d). Dorsal view of vertex. Fig. 8. (a, c) Lateral view of metasoma. (b, d, e) Dorsal view of metasoma. Fig. 5a, V. fervida. Fig. 5b, V. luctuosa. Figs. 6a, 6c, 7a, 8a, 8c, V. philippinensis. Figs. 6b, 6d, V. velutina. Figs. 7b, 7e, 7f V. tropica. Figs.7c, 7d, 8d, V. ducalis. Fig. 8b, V. bicolor." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3826925" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3826925/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 5a</figureCitation>
|
||
) ............................................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1EEA4BC17E5DFF9AFD0B156E3C72FCE7" ID-CoL="7G3CC" authority="Smith" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1859" box="[644,769,794,814]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Vespa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fervida">
|
||
<emphasis id="EB9EEC507E5DFF9AFD0B156E3DB5FCE4" bold="true" box="[644,710,794,813]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">fervida</emphasis>
|
||
Smith
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D95530427E5DFF9AFF2C154D3C72FCA0" blockId="3.[146,770,149,1958]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<keyLead id="621B93777E5DFF9AFF2C154D3C72FCA0" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
- Clypeus yellow (
|
||
<figureCitation id="41D12CC77E5DFF9AFED8154C3EE2FC82" box="[343,401,824,843]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="2.[146,181,1617,1634]" captionTargetBox="[153,1435,148,1581]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[152,1435,147,1582]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figs. 1–4. Vespa morphology. Fig. 1 (a) Hindwing. (b) Forewing apex.(c) Lateral view of pronotal lobe.(e) Hindtarsal claws.(f)Thoracic dorsum. (g) Lateral view of metasomal segment 1. Fig. 2. (a) Lateral view of pronotal lobe. (b) Dorsal view of vertex, i =distance from hind ocellus to posterior head margin, ii=distance between lateral ocellus and eye. (c) Lateral view of metasomal segment 1. (d) Costal margin of forewing apex.(e) Dorsal view of vertex.(c) Front view of clypeus and mandibles. Fig. 3.(a, b) Lateral view of head. (c, d) Lateral view of metasoma.(3a, 3c)V.soror. Fig. 4. (a, b) Lateral view of metasomal tergum 2. (c, d) Lateral view of pronotal carina. (e, f) Front view of clypeus. Figs. 1a-g, 2a, 2b, 3b, 3d, V. crabro. Fig. 2c, V. binghami. Figs. 2d, 2e, V. analis. Fig. 2f, V. bicolor. Figs. 4a, 4e, V. fervida. Fig. 4b, V. multimaculata. Figs. 4c, 4f, V. luctuosa. Fig. 4d, V. affinis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3826923" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3826923/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 4f</figureCitation>
|
||
); metasomal terga 1–5 often with apical yellow band (
|
||
<figureCitation id="41D12CC77E5DFF9AFEB215213E0EFCA1" box="[317,381,853,872]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="4.[146,181,1462,1479]" captionTargetBox="[153,1435,149,1426]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[152,1435,147,1427]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figs. 5–8. Vespa morphology.Fig. 5.Lateral view of metasomal tergum 2.Fig.6. (a,b) Lateral view of pretegular pronotal carina.(c, d) Front view of clypeus.Fig. 7. (a, b) Front view of clypeus. (c, d). Dorsal view of vertex. Fig. 8. (a, c) Lateral view of metasoma. (b, d, e) Dorsal view of metasoma. Fig. 5a, V. fervida. Fig. 5b, V. luctuosa. Figs. 6a, 6c, 7a, 8a, 8c, V. philippinensis. Figs. 6b, 6d, V. velutina. Figs. 7b, 7e, 7f V. tropica. Figs.7c, 7d, 8d, V. ducalis. Fig. 8b, V. bicolor." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3826925" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3826925/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 5b</figureCitation>
|
||
) ...............................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1EEA4BC17E5DFF9AFDCD15213C72FCA0" ID-CoL="5B9WC" authority="de Saussure" authorityName="de Saussure" authorityYear="1854" box="[578,769,853,873]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Vespa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="luctuosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="EB9EEC507E5DFF9AFDCD15213DE2FCA1" bold="true" box="[578,657,853,872]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">luctuosa</emphasis>
|
||
de Saussure
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="621E28E77E5DFF9AFF1115073C71FBD1" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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<paragraph id="D95530427E5DFF9AFF1115073C71FC08" blockId="3.[146,770,149,1958]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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||
<keyLead id="621B93777E5DFF9AFF1115073C71FC08" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
7 Pretegular carina complete (
|
||
<figureCitation id="41D12CC77E5DFF9AFE5D15073D64FC4F" box="[466,535,883,902]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="4.[146,181,1462,1479]" captionTargetBox="[153,1435,149,1426]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[152,1435,147,1427]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figs. 5–8. Vespa morphology.Fig. 5.Lateral view of metasomal tergum 2.Fig.6. (a,b) Lateral view of pretegular pronotal carina.(c, d) Front view of clypeus.Fig. 7. (a, b) Front view of clypeus. (c, d). Dorsal view of vertex. Fig. 8. (a, c) Lateral view of metasoma. (b, d, e) Dorsal view of metasoma. Fig. 5a, V. fervida. Fig. 5b, V. luctuosa. Figs. 6a, 6c, 7a, 8a, 8c, V. philippinensis. Figs. 6b, 6d, V. velutina. Figs. 7b, 7e, 7f V. tropica. Figs.7c, 7d, 8d, V. ducalis. Fig. 8b, V. bicolor." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3826925" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3826925/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 7a</figureCitation>
|
||
); clypeus medially with coarse or large punctures, separated by one puncture diameter or less (
|
||
<figureCitation id="41D12CC77E5DFF9AFE8915D93E37FC09" box="[262,324,941,960]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="4.[146,181,1462,1479]" captionTargetBox="[153,1435,149,1426]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[152,1435,147,1427]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figs. 5–8. Vespa morphology.Fig. 5.Lateral view of metasomal tergum 2.Fig.6. (a,b) Lateral view of pretegular pronotal carina.(c, d) Front view of clypeus.Fig. 7. (a, b) Front view of clypeus. (c, d). Dorsal view of vertex. Fig. 8. (a, c) Lateral view of metasoma. (b, d, e) Dorsal view of metasoma. Fig. 5a, V. fervida. Fig. 5b, V. luctuosa. Figs. 6a, 6c, 7a, 8a, 8c, V. philippinensis. Figs. 6b, 6d, V. velutina. Figs. 7b, 7e, 7f V. tropica. Figs.7c, 7d, 8d, V. ducalis. Fig. 8b, V. bicolor." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3826925" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3826925/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 6c</figureCitation>
|
||
) .......................................................................8
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D95530427E5DFF9AFF2C15BF3C71FBD1" blockId="3.[146,770,149,1958]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<keyLead id="621B93777E5DFF9AFF2C15BF3C71FBD1" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
- Pretegular carina incomplete (
|
||
<figureCitation id="41D12CC77E5DFF9AFE5815BF3D6BFC17" box="[471,536,971,990]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="4.[146,181,1462,1479]" captionTargetBox="[153,1435,149,1426]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[152,1435,147,1427]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figs. 5–8. Vespa morphology.Fig. 5.Lateral view of metasomal tergum 2.Fig.6. (a,b) Lateral view of pretegular pronotal carina.(c, d) Front view of clypeus.Fig. 7. (a, b) Front view of clypeus. (c, d). Dorsal view of vertex. Fig. 8. (a, c) Lateral view of metasoma. (b, d, e) Dorsal view of metasoma. Fig. 5a, V. fervida. Fig. 5b, V. luctuosa. Figs. 6a, 6c, 7a, 8a, 8c, V. philippinensis. Figs. 6b, 6d, V. velutina. Figs. 7b, 7e, 7f V. tropica. Figs.7c, 7d, 8d, V. ducalis. Fig. 8b, V. bicolor." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3826925" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3826925/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 7b</figureCitation>
|
||
); middle of clypeus with small punctures separated more than one puncture diameter (
|
||
<figureCitation id="41D12CC77E5DFF9AFF4912713E75FBD1" box="[198,262,1029,1048]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="4.[146,181,1462,1479]" captionTargetBox="[153,1435,149,1426]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[152,1435,147,1427]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figs. 5–8. Vespa morphology.Fig. 5.Lateral view of metasomal tergum 2.Fig.6. (a,b) Lateral view of pretegular pronotal carina.(c, d) Front view of clypeus.Fig. 7. (a, b) Front view of clypeus. (c, d). Dorsal view of vertex. Fig. 8. (a, c) Lateral view of metasoma. (b, d, e) Dorsal view of metasoma. Fig. 5a, V. fervida. Fig. 5b, V. luctuosa. Figs. 6a, 6c, 7a, 8a, 8c, V. philippinensis. Figs. 6b, 6d, V. velutina. Figs. 7b, 7e, 7f V. tropica. Figs.7c, 7d, 8d, V. ducalis. Fig. 8b, V. bicolor." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3826925" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3826925/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 6d</figureCitation>
|
||
)................................................................................16
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="621E28E77E5DFF9AFF1112573C71FB47" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<paragraph id="D95530427E5DFF9AFF1112573C71FB9A" blockId="3.[146,770,149,1958]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<keyLead id="621B93777E5DFF9AFF1112573C71FB9A" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
8 Apical margin of clypeus produced into two acute triangular projections (
|
||
<figureCitation id="41D12CC77E5DFF9AFEBD12343E03FB9A" box="[306,368,1088,1107]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="4.[146,181,1462,1479]" captionTargetBox="[153,1435,149,1426]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[152,1435,147,1427]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figs. 5–8. Vespa morphology.Fig. 5.Lateral view of metasomal tergum 2.Fig.6. (a,b) Lateral view of pretegular pronotal carina.(c, d) Front view of clypeus.Fig. 7. (a, b) Front view of clypeus. (c, d). Dorsal view of vertex. Fig. 8. (a, c) Lateral view of metasoma. (b, d, e) Dorsal view of metasoma. Fig. 5a, V. fervida. Fig. 5b, V. luctuosa. Figs. 6a, 6c, 7a, 8a, 8c, V. philippinensis. Figs. 6b, 6d, V. velutina. Figs. 7b, 7e, 7f V. tropica. Figs.7c, 7d, 8d, V. ducalis. Fig. 8b, V. bicolor." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3826925" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3826925/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 8a</figureCitation>
|
||
)................................................................9
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D95530427E5DFF9AFF2C122A3C71FB47" blockId="3.[146,770,149,1958]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<keyLead id="621B93777E5DFF9AFF2C122A3C71FB47" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
- Apical margin of clypeus produced into two broadly rounded projections (
|
||
<figureCitation id="41D12CC77E5DFF9AFEBD120F3E01FB47" box="[306,370,1147,1166]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="4.[146,181,1462,1479]" captionTargetBox="[153,1435,149,1426]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[152,1435,147,1427]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figs. 5–8. Vespa morphology.Fig. 5.Lateral view of metasomal tergum 2.Fig.6. (a,b) Lateral view of pretegular pronotal carina.(c, d) Front view of clypeus.Fig. 7. (a, b) Front view of clypeus. (c, d). Dorsal view of vertex. Fig. 8. (a, c) Lateral view of metasoma. (b, d, e) Dorsal view of metasoma. Fig. 5a, V. fervida. Fig. 5b, V. luctuosa. Figs. 6a, 6c, 7a, 8a, 8c, V. philippinensis. Figs. 6b, 6d, V. velutina. Figs. 7b, 7e, 7f V. tropica. Figs.7c, 7d, 8d, V. ducalis. Fig. 8b, V. bicolor." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3826925" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3826925/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 8b</figureCitation>
|
||
)..............................................................11
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="621E28E77E5DFF9AFF1112EC3C71FAF7" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<paragraph id="D95530427E5DFF9AFF1112EC3C72FB00" blockId="3.[146,770,149,1958]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<keyLead id="621B93777E5DFF9AFF1112EC3C72FB00" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
9 Vertex black (
|
||
<figureCitation id="41D12CC77E5DFF9AFEB012EC3E0EFB62" box="[319,381,1176,1195]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="4.[146,181,1462,1479]" captionTargetBox="[153,1435,149,1426]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[152,1435,147,1427]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figs. 5–8. Vespa morphology.Fig. 5.Lateral view of metasomal tergum 2.Fig.6. (a,b) Lateral view of pretegular pronotal carina.(c, d) Front view of clypeus.Fig. 7. (a, b) Front view of clypeus. (c, d). Dorsal view of vertex. Fig. 8. (a, c) Lateral view of metasoma. (b, d, e) Dorsal view of metasoma. Fig. 5a, V. fervida. Fig. 5b, V. luctuosa. Figs. 6a, 6c, 7a, 8a, 8c, V. philippinensis. Figs. 6b, 6d, V. velutina. Figs. 7b, 7e, 7f V. tropica. Figs.7c, 7d, 8d, V. ducalis. Fig. 8b, V. bicolor." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3826925" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3826925/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 8c</figureCitation>
|
||
) and first three metasomal terga primarily orange-yellow (
|
||
<figureCitation id="41D12CC77E5DFF9AFEC112C13EFEFB00" box="[334,397,1205,1225]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="4.[146,181,1462,1479]" captionTargetBox="[153,1435,149,1426]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[152,1435,147,1427]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figs. 5–8. Vespa morphology.Fig. 5.Lateral view of metasomal tergum 2.Fig.6. (a,b) Lateral view of pretegular pronotal carina.(c, d) Front view of clypeus.Fig. 7. (a, b) Front view of clypeus. (c, d). Dorsal view of vertex. Fig. 8. (a, c) Lateral view of metasoma. (b, d, e) Dorsal view of metasoma. Fig. 5a, V. fervida. Fig. 5b, V. luctuosa. Figs. 6a, 6c, 7a, 8a, 8c, V. philippinensis. Figs. 6b, 6d, V. velutina. Figs. 7b, 7e, 7f V. tropica. Figs.7c, 7d, 8d, V. ducalis. Fig. 8b, V. bicolor." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3826925" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3826925/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 7a</figureCitation>
|
||
) ....................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1EEA4BC17E5DFF9AFD8112C13C72FB00" ID-CoL="5B9YL" authority="de Saussure" authorityName="de Saussure" authorityYear="1854" box="[526,769,1205,1225]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Vespa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="philippinensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="EB9EEC507E5DFF9AFD8112C13DE2FB01" bold="true" box="[526,657,1205,1224]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">philippinensis</emphasis>
|
||
de Saussure
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D95530427E5DFF9AFF2C12A73C71FAF7" blockId="3.[146,770,149,1958]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<keyLead id="621B93777E5DFF9AFF2C12A73C71FAF7" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
- Vertex orange (
|
||
<figureCitation id="41D12CC77E5DFF9AFEDD12A73EE7FB2F" box="[338,404,1235,1254]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="4.[146,181,1462,1479]" captionTargetBox="[153,1435,149,1426]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[152,1435,147,1427]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figs. 5–8. Vespa morphology.Fig. 5.Lateral view of metasomal tergum 2.Fig.6. (a,b) Lateral view of pretegular pronotal carina.(c, d) Front view of clypeus.Fig. 7. (a, b) Front view of clypeus. (c, d). Dorsal view of vertex. Fig. 8. (a, c) Lateral view of metasoma. (b, d, e) Dorsal view of metasoma. Fig. 5a, V. fervida. Fig. 5b, V. luctuosa. Figs. 6a, 6c, 7a, 8a, 8c, V. philippinensis. Figs. 6b, 6d, V. velutina. Figs. 7b, 7e, 7f V. tropica. Figs.7c, 7d, 8d, V. ducalis. Fig. 8b, V. bicolor." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3826925" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3826925/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 8d</figureCitation>
|
||
) or light brown, if black then orangeyellow coloration restricted to first two metasomal terga (
|
||
<figureCitation id="41D12CC77E5DFF9AFF4913793E74FAE8" box="[198,263,1293,1313]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="4.[146,181,1462,1479]" captionTargetBox="[153,1435,149,1426]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[152,1435,147,1427]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figs. 5–8. Vespa morphology.Fig. 5.Lateral view of metasomal tergum 2.Fig.6. (a,b) Lateral view of pretegular pronotal carina.(c, d) Front view of clypeus.Fig. 7. (a, b) Front view of clypeus. (c, d). Dorsal view of vertex. Fig. 8. (a, c) Lateral view of metasoma. (b, d, e) Dorsal view of metasoma. Fig. 5a, V. fervida. Fig. 5b, V. luctuosa. Figs. 6a, 6c, 7a, 8a, 8c, V. philippinensis. Figs. 6b, 6d, V. velutina. Figs. 7b, 7e, 7f V. tropica. Figs.7c, 7d, 8d, V. ducalis. Fig. 8b, V. bicolor." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3826925" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3826925/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 7c</figureCitation>
|
||
), or first three metasomal terga black, with at most narrow distal orange-yellow band (
|
||
<figureCitation id="41D12CC77E5DFF9AFD8B135F3D37FAF7" box="[516,580,1323,1342]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="4.[146,181,1462,1479]" captionTargetBox="[153,1435,149,1426]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[152,1435,147,1427]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figs. 5–8. Vespa morphology.Fig. 5.Lateral view of metasomal tergum 2.Fig.6. (a,b) Lateral view of pretegular pronotal carina.(c, d) Front view of clypeus.Fig. 7. (a, b) Front view of clypeus. (c, d). Dorsal view of vertex. Fig. 8. (a, c) Lateral view of metasoma. (b, d, e) Dorsal view of metasoma. Fig. 5a, V. fervida. Fig. 5b, V. luctuosa. Figs. 6a, 6c, 7a, 8a, 8c, V. philippinensis. Figs. 6b, 6d, V. velutina. Figs. 7b, 7e, 7f V. tropica. Figs.7c, 7d, 8d, V. ducalis. Fig. 8b, V. bicolor." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3826925" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3826925/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 7d</figureCitation>
|
||
) ..........................10
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="621E28E77E5DFF9AFF1D133C3D80F9C2" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<paragraph id="D95530427E5DFF9AFF1D133C3C72FA5F" blockId="3.[146,770,149,1958]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<keyLead id="621B93777E5DFF9AFF1D133C3C72FA5F" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
10 Metasomal terga never entirely black; metasomal tergum 2 with broad orange-yellow band extending one-third or more across tergum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="41D12CC77E5DFF9AFEC313F73EB7FA5F" box="[332,452,1411,1430]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="4.[146,181,1462,1479]" captionTargetBox="[153,1435,149,1426]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[152,1435,147,1427]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figs. 5–8. Vespa morphology.Fig. 5.Lateral view of metasomal tergum 2.Fig.6. (a,b) Lateral view of pretegular pronotal carina.(c, d) Front view of clypeus.Fig. 7. (a, b) Front view of clypeus. (c, d). Dorsal view of vertex. Fig. 8. (a, c) Lateral view of metasoma. (b, d, e) Dorsal view of metasoma. Fig. 5a, V. fervida. Fig. 5b, V. luctuosa. Figs. 6a, 6c, 7a, 8a, 8c, V. philippinensis. Figs. 6b, 6d, V. velutina. Figs. 7b, 7e, 7f V. tropica. Figs.7c, 7d, 8d, V. ducalis. Fig. 8b, V. bicolor." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3826925" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3826925/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 7c and d</figureCitation>
|
||
)...............................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1EEA4BC17E5DFF9AFD0B13F63C72FA5F" ID-CoL="5B9TV" authority="Smith" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1852" box="[644,769,1410,1430]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Vespa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ducalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="EB9EEC507E5DFF9AFD0B13F63DB4FA5C" bold="true" box="[644,711,1410,1429]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">ducalis</emphasis>
|
||
Smith
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D95530427E5DFF9AFF2D13D53D80F9C2" blockId="3.[146,770,149,1958]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<keyLead id="621B93777E5DFF9AFF2D13D53D80F9C2" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
- Metasomal terga all black (
|
||
<figureCitation id="41D12CC77E5DFF9AFE4413D43D79FA7A" box="[459,522,1440,1459]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="4.[146,181,1462,1479]" captionTargetBox="[153,1435,149,1426]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[152,1435,147,1427]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figs. 5–8. Vespa morphology.Fig. 5.Lateral view of metasomal tergum 2.Fig.6. (a,b) Lateral view of pretegular pronotal carina.(c, d) Front view of clypeus.Fig. 7. (a, b) Front view of clypeus. (c, d). Dorsal view of vertex. Fig. 8. (a, c) Lateral view of metasoma. (b, d, e) Dorsal view of metasoma. Fig. 5a, V. fervida. Fig. 5b, V. luctuosa. Figs. 6a, 6c, 7a, 8a, 8c, V. philippinensis. Figs. 6b, 6d, V. velutina. Figs. 7b, 7e, 7f V. tropica. Figs.7c, 7d, 8d, V. ducalis. Fig. 8b, V. bicolor." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3826925" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3826925/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 7f</figureCitation>
|
||
), or metasomal tergum 2 orange-yellow (
|
||
<figureCitation id="41D12CC77E5DFF9AFEDE13C93EFCFA18" box="[337,399,1469,1489]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="4.[146,181,1462,1479]" captionTargetBox="[153,1435,149,1426]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[152,1435,147,1427]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figs. 5–8. Vespa morphology.Fig. 5.Lateral view of metasomal tergum 2.Fig.6. (a,b) Lateral view of pretegular pronotal carina.(c, d) Front view of clypeus.Fig. 7. (a, b) Front view of clypeus. (c, d). Dorsal view of vertex. Fig. 8. (a, c) Lateral view of metasoma. (b, d, e) Dorsal view of metasoma. Fig. 5a, V. fervida. Fig. 5b, V. luctuosa. Figs. 6a, 6c, 7a, 8a, 8c, V. philippinensis. Figs. 6b, 6d, V. velutina. Figs. 7b, 7e, 7f V. tropica. Figs.7c, 7d, 8d, V. ducalis. Fig. 8b, V. bicolor." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3826925" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3826925/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 7e</figureCitation>
|
||
), or tergum 2 black with narrow, distal orange-yellow band that extends much less than one-third of tergal width (
|
||
<figureCitation id="41D12CC77E5DFF9AFEB2138C3E0EF9C2" box="[317,381,1528,1547]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="4.[146,181,1462,1479]" captionTargetBox="[153,1435,149,1426]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[152,1435,147,1427]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figs. 5–8. Vespa morphology.Fig. 5.Lateral view of metasomal tergum 2.Fig.6. (a,b) Lateral view of pretegular pronotal carina.(c, d) Front view of clypeus.Fig. 7. (a, b) Front view of clypeus. (c, d). Dorsal view of vertex. Fig. 8. (a, c) Lateral view of metasoma. (b, d, e) Dorsal view of metasoma. Fig. 5a, V. fervida. Fig. 5b, V. luctuosa. Figs. 6a, 6c, 7a, 8a, 8c, V. philippinensis. Figs. 6b, 6d, V. velutina. Figs. 7b, 7e, 7f V. tropica. Figs.7c, 7d, 8d, V. ducalis. Fig. 8b, V. bicolor." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3826925" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3826925/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 7b</figureCitation>
|
||
).………..........………
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1EEA4BC17E5DFF9AFDC7138C3D80F9C2" ID-CoL="7G3C3" authority="(Linnaeus)" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[584,755,1528,1547]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Vespa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tropica">
|
||
<emphasis id="EB9EEC507E5DFF9AFDC7138C3DF8F9C2" bold="true" box="[584,651,1528,1547]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">tropica</emphasis>
|
||
(Linnaeus)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="621E28E77E5DFF9AFF1D10623C71F957" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<paragraph id="D95530427E5DFF9AFF1D10623C71F949" blockId="3.[146,770,149,1958]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<keyLead id="621B93777E5DFF9AFF1D10623C71F949" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
11 Metasomal terga 2, 5 and 6 reddish brown or dark brown; tergum 3 and usually tergum 4 mostly yellow, with basal reddish brown band extending medially and two small, lateral reddish brown spots (
|
||
<figureCitation id="41D12CC77E5DFF9AFEE510193E90F949" box="[362,483,1645,1665]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="5.[146,181,1785,1802]" captionTargetBox="[187,1402,148,1736]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[186,1402,147,1750]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figs. 9–12. Vespa morphology. (a, b) Dorsal view of metasoma. (c, d) Dorsal view of basal metasomal terga. Fig. 10. (a, b) Dorsal view of scutum. (c, d) Dorsal view of metasoma. Fig. 11. (a, b) Lateral view of head. (c, d) Dorsal view of metasoma. Fig. 12. (a, b) Front view of clypeus.(c-f) Dorsal view of metanotum. Figs. 9a, 9b,V. orientalis. Figs. 9c, 10b, d, V. affinis. Fig. 9d, V. crabro. Figs. 10a, 10c, 11b, 11c, V. mocsaryana. Fig. 11a, V. fumida. Fig. 11d. V. dybowskii. Figs. 12a, 12f, V. multimaculata. Figs. 12b, d, e, V. bicolor. Fig. 12c, V. luctuosa." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3826927" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3826927/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 9a and b</figureCitation>
|
||
).................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1EEA4BC17E5DFF9AFDDE10193C71F949" ID-CoL="5B9Y8" authority="Linnaeus" authorityName="Linnaeus" box="[593,770,1645,1664]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Vespa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="EB9EEC507E5DFF9AFDDE10193DDAF949" bold="true" box="[593,681,1645,1664]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
Linnaeus
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D95530427E5DFF9AFF2C10FF3C71F957" blockId="3.[146,770,149,1958]" box="[163,770,1675,1694]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<keyLead id="621B93777E5DFF9AFF2C10FF3C71F957" box="[163,770,1675,1694]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">- Metasomal terga coloration not as above .............................12</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="621E28E77E5DFF9AFF1D10DC3C71F8DA" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<paragraph id="D95530427E5DFF9AFF1D10DC3C71F910" blockId="3.[146,770,149,1958]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<keyLead id="621B93777E5DFF9AFF1D10DC3C71F910" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
12 Metasomal segment 1 0.5× as long as or longer than width in dorsal view (
|
||
<figureCitation id="41D12CC77E5DFF9AFEB910B13E00F910" box="[310,371,1733,1753]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="5.[146,181,1785,1802]" captionTargetBox="[187,1402,148,1736]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[186,1402,147,1750]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figs. 9–12. Vespa morphology. (a, b) Dorsal view of metasoma. (c, d) Dorsal view of basal metasomal terga. Fig. 10. (a, b) Dorsal view of scutum. (c, d) Dorsal view of metasoma. Fig. 11. (a, b) Lateral view of head. (c, d) Dorsal view of metasoma. Fig. 12. (a, b) Front view of clypeus.(c-f) Dorsal view of metanotum. Figs. 9a, 9b,V. orientalis. Figs. 9c, 10b, d, V. affinis. Fig. 9d, V. crabro. Figs. 10a, 10c, 11b, 11c, V. mocsaryana. Fig. 11a, V. fumida. Fig. 11d. V. dybowskii. Figs. 12a, 12f, V. multimaculata. Figs. 12b, d, e, V. bicolor. Fig. 12c, V. luctuosa." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3826927" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3826927/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 9c</figureCitation>
|
||
) .............................................................13
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D95530427E5DFF9AFF2C10973C71F8DA" blockId="3.[146,770,149,1958]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<keyLead id="621B93777E5DFF9AFF2C10973C71F8DA" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
- Metasomal segment 1 less than 0.5× as long as wide in dorsal view (
|
||
<figureCitation id="41D12CC77E5DFF9AFF7811743E45F8DA" box="[247,310,1792,1811]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="5.[146,181,1785,1802]" captionTargetBox="[187,1402,148,1736]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[186,1402,147,1750]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figs. 9–12. Vespa morphology. (a, b) Dorsal view of metasoma. (c, d) Dorsal view of basal metasomal terga. Fig. 10. (a, b) Dorsal view of scutum. (c, d) Dorsal view of metasoma. Fig. 11. (a, b) Lateral view of head. (c, d) Dorsal view of metasoma. Fig. 12. (a, b) Front view of clypeus.(c-f) Dorsal view of metanotum. Figs. 9a, 9b,V. orientalis. Figs. 9c, 10b, d, V. affinis. Fig. 9d, V. crabro. Figs. 10a, 10c, 11b, 11c, V. mocsaryana. Fig. 11a, V. fumida. Fig. 11d. V. dybowskii. Figs. 12a, 12f, V. multimaculata. Figs. 12b, d, e, V. bicolor. Fig. 12c, V. luctuosa." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3826927" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3826927/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 9d</figureCitation>
|
||
)........................................................................14
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="621E28E77E5DFF9AFF1D116A3AD1FF0F" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<paragraph id="D95530427E5DFF9AFF1D116A3C71F8A5" blockId="3.[146,770,149,1958]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<keyLead id="621B93777E5DFF9AFF1D116A3C71F8A5" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
13 Scutellar punctures small and separated two puncture diameters (
|
||
<figureCitation id="41D12CC77E5DFF9AFF76114F3E34F887" box="[249,327,1851,1870]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="5.[146,181,1785,1802]" captionTargetBox="[187,1402,148,1736]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[186,1402,147,1750]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figs. 9–12. Vespa morphology. (a, b) Dorsal view of metasoma. (c, d) Dorsal view of basal metasomal terga. Fig. 10. (a, b) Dorsal view of scutum. (c, d) Dorsal view of metasoma. Fig. 11. (a, b) Lateral view of head. (c, d) Dorsal view of metasoma. Fig. 12. (a, b) Front view of clypeus.(c-f) Dorsal view of metanotum. Figs. 9a, 9b,V. orientalis. Figs. 9c, 10b, d, V. affinis. Fig. 9d, V. crabro. Figs. 10a, 10c, 11b, 11c, V. mocsaryana. Fig. 11a, V. fumida. Fig. 11d. V. dybowskii. Figs. 12a, 12f, V. multimaculata. Figs. 12b, d, e, V. bicolor. Fig. 12c, V. luctuosa." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3826927" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3826927/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 10a</figureCitation>
|
||
); metasomal tergum 2 mostly black (
|
||
<figureCitation id="41D12CC77E5DFF9AFD21114F3D89F887" box="[686,762,1851,1870]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="5.[146,181,1785,1802]" captionTargetBox="[187,1402,148,1736]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[186,1402,147,1750]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figs. 9–12. Vespa morphology. (a, b) Dorsal view of metasoma. (c, d) Dorsal view of basal metasomal terga. Fig. 10. (a, b) Dorsal view of scutum. (c, d) Dorsal view of metasoma. Fig. 11. (a, b) Lateral view of head. (c, d) Dorsal view of metasoma. Fig. 12. (a, b) Front view of clypeus.(c-f) Dorsal view of metanotum. Figs. 9a, 9b,V. orientalis. Figs. 9c, 10b, d, V. affinis. Fig. 9d, V. crabro. Figs. 10a, 10c, 11b, 11c, V. mocsaryana. Fig. 11a, V. fumida. Fig. 11d. V. dybowskii. Figs. 12a, 12f, V. multimaculata. Figs. 12b, d, e, V. bicolor. Fig. 12c, V. luctuosa." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3826927" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3826927/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 10c</figureCitation>
|
||
) ...........................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1EEA4BC17E5DFF9AFDAD112C3C71F8A5" ID-CoL="5B9XD" authority="du Buysson" authorityName="du Buysson" box="[546,770,1880,1900]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Vespa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mocsaryana">
|
||
<emphasis id="EB9EEC507E5DFF9AFDAD112C3DE1F8A2" bold="true" box="[546,658,1880,1899]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">mocsaryana</emphasis>
|
||
du Buysson
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D95530427E5DFF9AFF2C11023AD1FF0F" blockId="3.[146,770,149,1958]" lastBlockId="3.[818,1442,149,1196]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<keyLead id="621B93777E5DFF9AFF2C11023AD1FF0F" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
- Scutellar punctures large and contiguous or separated by 1 puncture diameter or less (
|
||
<figureCitation id="41D12CC77E5DFF9AFE4211E73D6CF86F" box="[461,543,1939,1958]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="5.[146,181,1785,1802]" captionTargetBox="[187,1402,148,1736]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[186,1402,147,1750]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figs. 9–12. Vespa morphology. (a, b) Dorsal view of metasoma. (c, d) Dorsal view of basal metasomal terga. Fig. 10. (a, b) Dorsal view of scutum. (c, d) Dorsal view of metasoma. Fig. 11. (a, b) Lateral view of head. (c, d) Dorsal view of metasoma. Fig. 12. (a, b) Front view of clypeus.(c-f) Dorsal view of metanotum. Figs. 9a, 9b,V. orientalis. Figs. 9c, 10b, d, V. affinis. Fig. 9d, V. crabro. Figs. 10a, 10c, 11b, 11c, V. mocsaryana. Fig. 11a, V. fumida. Fig. 11d. V. dybowskii. Figs. 12a, 12f, V. multimaculata. Figs. 12b, d, e, V. bicolor. Fig. 12c, V. luctuosa." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3826927" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3826927/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 10b</figureCitation>
|
||
); metasomal tergum 2 usually reddish brown (
|
||
<figureCitation id="41D12CC77E5DFF9AFBCC16E13BE1FF61" box="[1091,1170,149,168]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="5.[146,181,1785,1802]" captionTargetBox="[187,1402,148,1736]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[186,1402,147,1750]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figs. 9–12. Vespa morphology. (a, b) Dorsal view of metasoma. (c, d) Dorsal view of basal metasomal terga. Fig. 10. (a, b) Dorsal view of scutum. (c, d) Dorsal view of metasoma. Fig. 11. (a, b) Lateral view of head. (c, d) Dorsal view of metasoma. Fig. 12. (a, b) Front view of clypeus.(c-f) Dorsal view of metanotum. Figs. 9a, 9b,V. orientalis. Figs. 9c, 10b, d, V. affinis. Fig. 9d, V. crabro. Figs. 10a, 10c, 11b, 11c, V. mocsaryana. Fig. 11a, V. fumida. Fig. 11d. V. dybowskii. Figs. 12a, 12f, V. multimaculata. Figs. 12b, d, e, V. bicolor. Fig. 12c, V. luctuosa." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3826927" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3826927/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 10d</figureCitation>
|
||
), or if metasomal tergum is mostly black then the vertex is also black.....
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1EEA4BC17E5DFF9AFA8F16C73AD1FF0F" ID-CoL="5B9QF" authority="(Linnaeus)" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1764" box="[1280,1442,179,198]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Vespa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="affinis">
|
||
<emphasis id="EB9EEC507E5DFF9AFA8F16C73A48FF0F" bold="true" box="[1280,1339,179,198]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">affinis</emphasis>
|
||
(Linnaeus)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="621E28E77E5DFF9AFCBD16A43AD1FEF2" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<paragraph id="D95530427E5DFF9AFCBD16A43AD1FEC9" blockId="3.[818,1442,149,1196]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<keyLead id="621B93777E5DFF9AFCBD16A43AD1FEC9" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
14 Clypeus strongly bulging medially, strongly convex in side view (
|
||
<figureCitation id="41D12CC77E5DFF9AFCE916993CC2FEC8" box="[870,945,237,257]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="5.[146,181,1785,1802]" captionTargetBox="[187,1402,148,1736]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[186,1402,147,1750]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figs. 9–12. Vespa morphology. (a, b) Dorsal view of metasoma. (c, d) Dorsal view of basal metasomal terga. Fig. 10. (a, b) Dorsal view of scutum. (c, d) Dorsal view of metasoma. Fig. 11. (a, b) Lateral view of head. (c, d) Dorsal view of metasoma. Fig. 12. (a, b) Front view of clypeus.(c-f) Dorsal view of metanotum. Figs. 9a, 9b,V. orientalis. Figs. 9c, 10b, d, V. affinis. Fig. 9d, V. crabro. Figs. 10a, 10c, 11b, 11c, V. mocsaryana. Fig. 11a, V. fumida. Fig. 11d. V. dybowskii. Figs. 12a, 12f, V. multimaculata. Figs. 12b, d, e, V. bicolor. Fig. 12c, V. luctuosa." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3826927" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3826927/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 11a</figureCitation>
|
||
) ...............................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1EEA4BC17E5DFF9AFB5416993AD1FEC9" authority="van der Vecht" authorityName="van der Vecht" box="[1243,1442,237,257]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Vespa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fumida">
|
||
<emphasis id="EB9EEC507E5DFF9AFB5416993A6CFEC9" bold="true" box="[1243,1311,237,256]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">fumida</emphasis>
|
||
van der Vecht
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D95530427E5DFF9AFCCC177F3AD1FEF2" blockId="3.[818,1442,149,1196]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<keyLead id="621B93777E5DFF9AFCCC177F3AD1FEF2" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
- Clypeus not bulging medially, flat or gently curved in side view (
|
||
<figureCitation id="41D12CC77E5DFF9AFCE9175C3CC1FEF2" box="[870,946,296,315]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="5.[146,181,1785,1802]" captionTargetBox="[187,1402,148,1736]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[186,1402,147,1750]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figs. 9–12. Vespa morphology. (a, b) Dorsal view of metasoma. (c, d) Dorsal view of basal metasomal terga. Fig. 10. (a, b) Dorsal view of scutum. (c, d) Dorsal view of metasoma. Fig. 11. (a, b) Lateral view of head. (c, d) Dorsal view of metasoma. Fig. 12. (a, b) Front view of clypeus.(c-f) Dorsal view of metanotum. Figs. 9a, 9b,V. orientalis. Figs. 9c, 10b, d, V. affinis. Fig. 9d, V. crabro. Figs. 10a, 10c, 11b, 11c, V. mocsaryana. Fig. 11a, V. fumida. Fig. 11d. V. dybowskii. Figs. 12a, 12f, V. multimaculata. Figs. 12b, d, e, V. bicolor. Fig. 12c, V. luctuosa." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3826927" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3826927/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 11b</figureCitation>
|
||
)..............................................................................15
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="621E28E77E5DFF9AFCBD17313AD1FE07" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<paragraph id="D95530427E5DFF9AFCBD17313AD1FEBF" blockId="3.[818,1442,149,1196]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<keyLead id="621B93777E5DFF9AFCBD17313AD1FEBF" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
15 Metasomal segments 3–5 mostly yellow (
|
||
<figureCitation id="41D12CC77E5DFF9AFB7117313A3CFE90" box="[1278,1359,325,345]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="5.[146,181,1785,1802]" captionTargetBox="[187,1402,148,1736]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[186,1402,147,1750]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figs. 9–12. Vespa morphology. (a, b) Dorsal view of metasoma. (c, d) Dorsal view of basal metasomal terga. Fig. 10. (a, b) Dorsal view of scutum. (c, d) Dorsal view of metasoma. Fig. 11. (a, b) Lateral view of head. (c, d) Dorsal view of metasoma. Fig. 12. (a, b) Front view of clypeus.(c-f) Dorsal view of metanotum. Figs. 9a, 9b,V. orientalis. Figs. 9c, 10b, d, V. affinis. Fig. 9d, V. crabro. Figs. 10a, 10c, 11b, 11c, V. mocsaryana. Fig. 11a, V. fumida. Fig. 11d. V. dybowskii. Figs. 12a, 12f, V. multimaculata. Figs. 12b, d, e, V. bicolor. Fig. 12c, V. luctuosa." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3826927" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3826927/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 11c</figureCitation>
|
||
); vertex orange-yellow to red .......................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1EEA4BC17E5DFF9AFA8217163AD1FEBF" ID-CoL="5B9T3" authority="Linnaeus" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[1293,1442,354,374]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Vespa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crabro">
|
||
<emphasis id="EB9EEC507E5DFF9AFA8217163A3AFEBC" bold="true" box="[1293,1353,354,373]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">crabro</emphasis>
|
||
Linnaeus
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D95530427E5DFF9AFCCC17F53AD1FE07" blockId="3.[818,1442,149,1196]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<keyLead id="621B93777E5DFF9AFCCC17F53AD1FE07" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
- Metasomal segments 3–5 mostly dark brown or black, some segments with narrow distal yellow band (
|
||
<figureCitation id="41D12CC77E5DFF9AFB6D17E93A5EFE79" box="[1250,1325,413,432]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="5.[146,181,1785,1802]" captionTargetBox="[187,1402,148,1736]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[186,1402,147,1750]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figs. 9–12. Vespa morphology. (a, b) Dorsal view of metasoma. (c, d) Dorsal view of basal metasomal terga. Fig. 10. (a, b) Dorsal view of scutum. (c, d) Dorsal view of metasoma. Fig. 11. (a, b) Lateral view of head. (c, d) Dorsal view of metasoma. Fig. 12. (a, b) Front view of clypeus.(c-f) Dorsal view of metanotum. Figs. 9a, 9b,V. orientalis. Figs. 9c, 10b, d, V. affinis. Fig. 9d, V. crabro. Figs. 10a, 10c, 11b, 11c, V. mocsaryana. Fig. 11a, V. fumida. Fig. 11d. V. dybowskii. Figs. 12a, 12f, V. multimaculata. Figs. 12b, d, e, V. bicolor. Fig. 12c, V. luctuosa." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3826927" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3826927/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 11d</figureCitation>
|
||
); vertex reddish to dark brown ........................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1EEA4BC17E5DFF9AFA8B17CE3AD1FE07" ID-CoL="5B9TX" authority="Andre" authorityName="Andre" box="[1284,1442,442,462]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Vespa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dybowskii">
|
||
<emphasis id="EB9EEC507E5DFF9AFA8B17CE3A17FE04" bold="true" box="[1284,1380,442,461]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">dybowskii</emphasis>
|
||
André
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="621E28E77E5DFF9AFCBD17AC3AD1FD8A" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<paragraph id="D95530427E5DFF9AFCBD17AC3AD1FDC0" blockId="3.[818,1442,149,1196]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<keyLead id="621B93777E5DFF9AFCBD17AC3AD1FDC0" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
16 Clypeus (
|
||
<figureCitation id="41D12CC77E5DFF9AFC4F17AC3B66FE22" box="[960,1045,472,491]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="5.[146,181,1785,1802]" captionTargetBox="[187,1402,148,1736]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[186,1402,147,1750]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figs. 9–12. Vespa morphology. (a, b) Dorsal view of metasoma. (c, d) Dorsal view of basal metasomal terga. Fig. 10. (a, b) Dorsal view of scutum. (c, d) Dorsal view of metasoma. Fig. 11. (a, b) Lateral view of head. (c, d) Dorsal view of metasoma. Fig. 12. (a, b) Front view of clypeus.(c-f) Dorsal view of metanotum. Figs. 9a, 9b,V. orientalis. Figs. 9c, 10b, d, V. affinis. Fig. 9d, V. crabro. Figs. 10a, 10c, 11b, 11c, V. mocsaryana. Fig. 11a, V. fumida. Fig. 11d. V. dybowskii. Figs. 12a, 12f, V. multimaculata. Figs. 12b, d, e, V. bicolor. Fig. 12c, V. luctuosa." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3826927" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3826927/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 12a</figureCitation>
|
||
) and metanotum with dark markings ................................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1EEA4BC17E5DFF9AFB6D17813AD1FDC0" ID-CoL="5B9XH" authority="Perez" authorityName="Perez" authorityYear="1910" box="[1250,1442,501,521]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Vespa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="multimaculata">
|
||
<emphasis id="EB9EEC507E5DFF9AFB6D17813A18FDC1" bold="true" box="[1250,1387,501,520]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">multimaculata</emphasis>
|
||
Pérez
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D95530427E5DFF9AFCCC14673AD1FD8A" blockId="3.[818,1442,149,1196]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<keyLead id="621B93777E5DFF9AFCCC14673AD1FD8A" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
- Clypeus and metanotum without black markings (
|
||
<figureCitation id="41D12CC77E5DFF9AFAA114673C18FD8A" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="5.[146,181,1785,1802]" captionTargetBox="[187,1402,148,1736]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[186,1402,147,1750]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figs. 9–12. Vespa morphology. (a, b) Dorsal view of metasoma. (c, d) Dorsal view of basal metasomal terga. Fig. 10. (a, b) Dorsal view of scutum. (c, d) Dorsal view of metasoma. Fig. 11. (a, b) Lateral view of head. (c, d) Dorsal view of metasoma. Fig. 12. (a, b) Front view of clypeus.(c-f) Dorsal view of metanotum. Figs. 9a, 9b,V. orientalis. Figs. 9c, 10b, d, V. affinis. Fig. 9d, V. crabro. Figs. 10a, 10c, 11b, 11c, V. mocsaryana. Fig. 11a, V. fumida. Fig. 11d. V. dybowskii. Figs. 12a, 12f, V. multimaculata. Figs. 12b, d, e, V. bicolor. Fig. 12c, V. luctuosa." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3826927" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3826927/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 12b and d</figureCitation>
|
||
)..........................................................................................17
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="621E28E77E5DFF9AFCBD143A3AD1FD1F" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<paragraph id="D95530427E5DFF9AFCBD143A3AD2FD52" blockId="3.[818,1442,149,1196]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<keyLead id="621B93777E5DFF9AFCBD143A3AD2FD52" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
17 Clypeus yellow with black markings (
|
||
<figureCitation id="41D12CC77E5DFF9AFB4914393A60FDA8" box="[1222,1299,589,609]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="5.[146,181,1785,1802]" captionTargetBox="[187,1402,148,1736]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[186,1402,147,1750]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figs. 9–12. Vespa morphology. (a, b) Dorsal view of metasoma. (c, d) Dorsal view of basal metasomal terga. Fig. 10. (a, b) Dorsal view of scutum. (c, d) Dorsal view of metasoma. Fig. 11. (a, b) Lateral view of head. (c, d) Dorsal view of metasoma. Fig. 12. (a, b) Front view of clypeus.(c-f) Dorsal view of metanotum. Figs. 9a, 9b,V. orientalis. Figs. 9c, 10b, d, V. affinis. Fig. 9d, V. crabro. Figs. 10a, 10c, 11b, 11c, V. mocsaryana. Fig. 11a, V. fumida. Fig. 11d. V. dybowskii. Figs. 12a, 12f, V. multimaculata. Figs. 12b, d, e, V. bicolor. Fig. 12c, V. luctuosa." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3826927" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3826927/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 12a</figureCitation>
|
||
), or if without markings then metanotum entirely yellow (as in
|
||
<figureCitation id="41D12CC77E5DFF9AFA96141F3AE8FDB7" box="[1305,1435,619,638]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="5.[146,181,1785,1802]" captionTargetBox="[187,1402,148,1736]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[186,1402,147,1750]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figs. 9–12. Vespa morphology. (a, b) Dorsal view of metasoma. (c, d) Dorsal view of basal metasomal terga. Fig. 10. (a, b) Dorsal view of scutum. (c, d) Dorsal view of metasoma. Fig. 11. (a, b) Lateral view of head. (c, d) Dorsal view of metasoma. Fig. 12. (a, b) Front view of clypeus.(c-f) Dorsal view of metanotum. Figs. 9a, 9b,V. orientalis. Figs. 9c, 10b, d, V. affinis. Fig. 9d, V. crabro. Figs. 10a, 10c, 11b, 11c, V. mocsaryana. Fig. 11a, V. fumida. Fig. 11d. V. dybowskii. Figs. 12a, 12f, V. multimaculata. Figs. 12b, d, e, V. bicolor. Fig. 12c, V. luctuosa." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3826927" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3826927/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 12c and d</figureCitation>
|
||
) ................................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1EEA4BC17E5DFF9AFB6F14FC3AD2FD52" ID-CoL="5B9RH" authority="de Saussure" authorityName="de Saussure" authorityYear="1854" box="[1248,1441,648,667]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Vespa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bellicosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="EB9EEC507E5DFF9AFB6F14FC3A42FD52" bold="true" box="[1248,1329,648,667]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">bellicosa</emphasis>
|
||
de Saussure
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D95530427E5DFF9AFCCC14D23AD1FD1F" blockId="3.[818,1442,149,1196]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<keyLead id="621B93777E5DFF9AFCCC14D23AD1FD1F" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
- Clypeus yellow to brown, without black markings (
|
||
<figureCitation id="41D12CC77E5DFF9AFAC814D13AE7FD71" box="[1351,1428,677,696]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="5.[146,181,1785,1802]" captionTargetBox="[187,1402,148,1736]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[186,1402,147,1750]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figs. 9–12. Vespa morphology. (a, b) Dorsal view of metasoma. (c, d) Dorsal view of basal metasomal terga. Fig. 10. (a, b) Dorsal view of scutum. (c, d) Dorsal view of metasoma. Fig. 11. (a, b) Lateral view of head. (c, d) Dorsal view of metasoma. Fig. 12. (a, b) Front view of clypeus.(c-f) Dorsal view of metanotum. Figs. 9a, 9b,V. orientalis. Figs. 9c, 10b, d, V. affinis. Fig. 9d, V. crabro. Figs. 10a, 10c, 11b, 11c, V. mocsaryana. Fig. 11a, V. fumida. Fig. 11d. V. dybowskii. Figs. 12a, 12f, V. multimaculata. Figs. 12b, d, e, V. bicolor. Fig. 12c, V. luctuosa." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3826927" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3826927/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 12b</figureCitation>
|
||
); metanotum coloration variable (
|
||
<figureCitation id="41D12CC77E5DFF9AFB0514B73A7EFD1F" box="[1162,1293,707,726]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="5.[146,181,1785,1802]" captionTargetBox="[187,1402,148,1736]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[186,1402,147,1750]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figs. 9–12. Vespa morphology. (a, b) Dorsal view of metasoma. (c, d) Dorsal view of basal metasomal terga. Fig. 10. (a, b) Dorsal view of scutum. (c, d) Dorsal view of metasoma. Fig. 11. (a, b) Lateral view of head. (c, d) Dorsal view of metasoma. Fig. 12. (a, b) Front view of clypeus.(c-f) Dorsal view of metanotum. Figs. 9a, 9b,V. orientalis. Figs. 9c, 10b, d, V. affinis. Fig. 9d, V. crabro. Figs. 10a, 10c, 11b, 11c, V. mocsaryana. Fig. 11a, V. fumida. Fig. 11d. V. dybowskii. Figs. 12a, 12f, V. multimaculata. Figs. 12b, d, e, V. bicolor. Fig. 12c, V. luctuosa." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3826927" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3826927/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 12d and e</figureCitation>
|
||
) ...................18
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="621E28E77E5DFF9AFCBD14943AD1FC82" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<paragraph id="D95530427E5DFF9AFCBD14943AD2FCD9" blockId="3.[818,1442,149,1196]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<keyLead id="621B93777E5DFF9AFCBD14943AD2FCD9" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
18 Scutellum and metanotum entirely or primarily yellow (
|
||
<figureCitation id="41D12CC77E5DFF9AFCE914893CC1FCD9" box="[870,946,765,784]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="5.[146,181,1785,1802]" captionTargetBox="[187,1402,148,1736]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[186,1402,147,1750]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figs. 9–12. Vespa morphology. (a, b) Dorsal view of metasoma. (c, d) Dorsal view of basal metasomal terga. Fig. 10. (a, b) Dorsal view of scutum. (c, d) Dorsal view of metasoma. Fig. 11. (a, b) Lateral view of head. (c, d) Dorsal view of metasoma. Fig. 12. (a, b) Front view of clypeus.(c-f) Dorsal view of metanotum. Figs. 9a, 9b,V. orientalis. Figs. 9c, 10b, d, V. affinis. Fig. 9d, V. crabro. Figs. 10a, 10c, 11b, 11c, V. mocsaryana. Fig. 11a, V. fumida. Fig. 11d. V. dybowskii. Figs. 12a, 12f, V. multimaculata. Figs. 12b, d, e, V. bicolor. Fig. 12c, V. luctuosa." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3826927" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3826927/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 12d</figureCitation>
|
||
) and vertex black.............................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1EEA4BC17E5DFF9AFA8914893AD2FCD9" ID-CoL="5B9RM" authority="Fabricius" authorityName="Fabricius" authorityYear="1787" box="[1286,1441,765,784]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Vespa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bicolor">
|
||
<emphasis id="EB9EEC507E5DFF9AFA8914893A3BFCD9" bold="true" box="[1286,1352,765,784]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">bicolor</emphasis>
|
||
Fabricius
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D95530427E5DFF9AFCCC156F3AD1FC82" blockId="3.[818,1442,149,1196]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<keyLead id="621B93777E5DFF9AFCCC156F3AD1FC82" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
- Scutellum and metanotum not primarily yellow (
|
||
<figureCitation id="41D12CC77E5DFF9AFA90156F3A1BFCE7" box="[1311,1384,795,814]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="5.[146,181,1785,1802]" captionTargetBox="[187,1402,148,1736]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[186,1402,147,1750]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figs. 9–12. Vespa morphology. (a, b) Dorsal view of metasoma. (c, d) Dorsal view of basal metasomal terga. Fig. 10. (a, b) Dorsal view of scutum. (c, d) Dorsal view of metasoma. Fig. 11. (a, b) Lateral view of head. (c, d) Dorsal view of metasoma. Fig. 12. (a, b) Front view of clypeus.(c-f) Dorsal view of metanotum. Figs. 9a, 9b,V. orientalis. Figs. 9c, 10b, d, V. affinis. Fig. 9d, V. crabro. Figs. 10a, 10c, 11b, 11c, V. mocsaryana. Fig. 11a, V. fumida. Fig. 11d. V. dybowskii. Figs. 12a, 12f, V. multimaculata. Figs. 12b, d, e, V. bicolor. Fig. 12c, V. luctuosa." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3826927" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3826927/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 12e</figureCitation>
|
||
), or if primarily yellow then vertex only partly black......................19
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="621E28E77E5DFF9AFCBD15223AD1FC08" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<paragraph id="D95530427E5DFF9AFCBD15223AD2FC4F" blockId="3.[818,1442,149,1196]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<keyLead id="621B93777E5DFF9AFCBD15223AD2FC4F" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
19 Scutal punctures small, separated by 2–3 puncture diameters (
|
||
<figureCitation id="41D12CC77E5DFF9AFCE915073CC2FC4F" box="[870,945,883,902]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="6.[146,181,1289,1306]" captionTargetBox="[154,1435,148,1251]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[152,1435,147,1254]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figs. 13 and 14. Vespa morphology. (a, b) Dorsal view of scutum. (c, d) Lateral view of pronotal lobe. (e, f) Lateral view of anterior pronotal carina. (a) V. basalis. (b) V. ducalis. (c) V. vivax. (d) V. velutina. Fig. 14. V. affinis coloration. (a) Lateral view. (b) Dorsal view. (c) Front view of face." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3826929" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3826929/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 13a</figureCitation>
|
||
); metasomal terga 2–5 entirely black.....
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1EEA4BC17E5DFF9AFAA915063AD2FC4F" ID-CoL="5B9RF" authority="Smith" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1852" box="[1318,1441,882,902]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Vespa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="basalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="EB9EEC507E5DFF9AFAA915063A15FC4C" bold="true" box="[1318,1382,882,901]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">basalis</emphasis>
|
||
Smith
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D95530427E5DFF9AFCCC15E53AD1FC08" blockId="3.[818,1442,149,1196]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<keyLead id="621B93777E5DFF9AFCCC15E53AD1FC08" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
- Scutal punctures large, separated by 1 puncture diameter or less (
|
||
<figureCitation id="41D12CC77E5DFF9AFCE915D93CC1FC09" box="[870,946,941,960]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="6.[146,181,1289,1306]" captionTargetBox="[154,1435,148,1251]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[152,1435,147,1254]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figs. 13 and 14. Vespa morphology. (a, b) Dorsal view of scutum. (c, d) Lateral view of pronotal lobe. (e, f) Lateral view of anterior pronotal carina. (a) V. basalis. (b) V. ducalis. (c) V. vivax. (d) V. velutina. Fig. 14. V. affinis coloration. (a) Lateral view. (b) Dorsal view. (c) Front view of face." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3826929" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3826929/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 13b</figureCitation>
|
||
); metasomal terga 2–5 not entirely black ...............20
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="621E28E77E5DFF9AFCBD15BF3AD1FBD0" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<paragraph id="D95530427E5DFF9AFCBD15BF3AD2FC17" blockId="3.[818,1442,149,1196]" box="[818,1441,970,990]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<keyLead id="621B93777E5DFF9AFCBD15BF3AD2FC17" box="[818,1441,970,990]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
20 Clypeal punctation uniformly distributed ........
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1EEA4BC17E5DFF9AFA8115BE3AD2FC17" ID-CoL="7FRBH" authority="Smith" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1868" box="[1294,1441,970,990]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Vespa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simillima">
|
||
<emphasis id="EB9EEC507E5DFF9AFA8115BE3A15FC14" bold="true" box="[1294,1382,970,989]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">simillima</emphasis>
|
||
Smith
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D95530427E5DFF9AFCCC159D3AD1FBD0" blockId="3.[818,1442,149,1196]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<keyLead id="621B93777E5DFF9AFCCC159D3AD1FBD0" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">- Clypeal punctation irregularly distributed, with impunctate areas .....................................................................................21</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="621E28E77E5DFF9AFCBD12573AD1FB62" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<paragraph id="D95530427E5DFF9AFCBD12573AD2FBB9" blockId="3.[818,1442,149,1196]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<keyLead id="621B93777E5DFF9AFCBD12573AD2FBB9" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
21 Side of prothorax close to spiracle smooth (
|
||
<figureCitation id="41D12CC77E5DFF9AFB6512573A40FBFF" box="[1258,1331,1059,1078]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="6.[146,181,1289,1306]" captionTargetBox="[154,1435,148,1251]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[152,1435,147,1254]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figs. 13 and 14. Vespa morphology. (a, b) Dorsal view of scutum. (c, d) Lateral view of pronotal lobe. (e, f) Lateral view of anterior pronotal carina. (a) V. basalis. (b) V. ducalis. (c) V. vivax. (d) V. velutina. Fig. 14. V. affinis coloration. (a) Lateral view. (b) Dorsal view. (c) Front view of face." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3826929" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3826929/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 13c</figureCitation>
|
||
); vertex not black; mesothorax and propodeum with same coloration; terga 2 and 5 black or mostly black................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1EEA4BC17E5DFF9AFABB12293AD2FBB9" ID-CoL="7G3BV" authority="Smith" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1870" box="[1332,1441,1117,1136]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Vespa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vivax">
|
||
<emphasis id="EB9EEC507E5DFF9AFABB12293A14FBB9" bold="true" box="[1332,1383,1117,1136]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">vivax</emphasis>
|
||
Smith
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D95530427E5DFF9AFCCC120F3AD1FB62" blockId="3.[818,1442,149,1196]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<keyLead id="621B93777E5DFF9AFCCC120F3AD1FB62" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
- Side of prothorax close to spiracle rugose (
|
||
<figureCitation id="41D12CC77E5DFF9AFB78120F3A36FB47" box="[1271,1349,1147,1166]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="6.[146,181,1289,1306]" captionTargetBox="[154,1435,148,1251]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[152,1435,147,1254]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figs. 13 and 14. Vespa morphology. (a, b) Dorsal view of scutum. (c, d) Lateral view of pronotal lobe. (e, f) Lateral view of anterior pronotal carina. (a) V. basalis. (b) V. ducalis. (c) V. vivax. (d) V. velutina. Fig. 14. V. affinis coloration. (a) Lateral view. (b) Dorsal view. (c) Front view of face." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3826929" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3826929/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 13d</figureCitation>
|
||
); without above color combination ………..………...…
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1EEA4BC17E5DFF9AFB7712EC3AD1FB62" ID-CoL="7G3C6" authority="Lepeletier" authorityName="Lepeletier" authorityYear="1836" box="[1272,1442,1176,1195]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Vespa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="velutina">
|
||
<emphasis id="EB9EEC507E5DFF9AFB7712EC3A37FB62" bold="true" box="[1272,1348,1176,1195]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">velutina</emphasis>
|
||
Lepeletier
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
</key>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</subSection>
|
||
</document> |