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<document id="FBF82D9DA7F2641FEFD649828E832978" ID-CLB-Dataset="22147" ID-DOI="10.1093/isd/ixaa006" ID-GBIF-Dataset="6c2ad151-a6e0-4c1b-be84-d1950abe22dd" ID-ISSN="2399-3421" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3826921" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1589464781686" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Smith-Pardo, Allan H., Carpenter, James M. &amp; Kimsey, Lynn" docDate="2020" docId="514381547E4EFF88FCBD10403BCAF9E6" docLanguage="en" docName="InsectSystDivers.4.3.2.1-27.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Insect Systematics and Diversity 4 (3), No. 2" docStyle="DocumentStyle:20C34595BA01015AC07A3B955E96DF74.8:InsectSystDivers.2017-.journal_article" docStyleId="20C34595BA01015AC07A3B955E96DF74" docStyleName="InsectSystDivers.2017-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="8" docTitle="Vespa orientalis Linnaeus" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="18" masterDocId="AD7AF92C7E5EFF99FF8F16743F73FFC9" masterDocTitle="The Diversity of Hornets in the Genus Vespa (Hymenoptera: Vespidae; Vespinae), Their Importance and Interceptions in the United States" masterLastPageNumber="27" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="17" updateTime="1698839653073" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
<mods:mods id="EAADD62561297752B1C4C701A13D4663" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="10CF4D81AF6037B857FDDA94D3E3584E">
<mods:title id="BCB3CA0B80ACA554ADA4218C0D6DC88D">The Diversity of Hornets in the Genus Vespa (Hymenoptera: Vespidae; Vespinae), Their Importance and Interceptions in the United States</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="44B83034F877090175262D31D46B1EC5" type="personal">
<mods:role id="33F4CAC3D0926A764956EC867E68D913">
<mods:roleTerm id="740DABC1958374C219B4B74BEF65A9A1">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="89670E3669A29CBB4E70816D65B58136">Smith-Pardo, Allan H.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="BFF2410805F8A6FABE4FB24A4DC57C70">USDA-APHIS-PPQ, Science and Technology (S &amp; T), Sacramento, CA,</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="D83D9B7EE303FD3B25845795409DFFB9" type="email">allan.h.smith-pardo@usda.gov</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="5DA7BC4ECED49D56BA19EFAC1F250C3C" type="personal">
<mods:role id="4FC2DC36B92CCE29CF83D3AFB3691E45">
<mods:roleTerm id="32424D852974310B387A5DB26082B3ED">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="E81C5A0BA5D938C23B3243D130D0F0F9">Carpenter, James M.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="F7A791644DD7890C7984450701A8B341">Department of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, New York, NY,</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="F6D3418E0DEA441A23B53105A2A6D116" type="personal">
<mods:role id="E7E544391D5BD5B429DF88737E51296F">
<mods:roleTerm id="4035834EEA375DCEE52A6F58C8AEA3D9">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="2BE2978832F176C6DF586F8C3FFA3C71">Kimsey, Lynn</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="6287AC35D058B59DF45D957442ACBE6C">Bohart Museum of Entomology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, and</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="8A5363659DB8ECD706F9C56F5D6BDDE7">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="B812CE280068ECE0E690C4B37AA7F807" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="1416AC9BCB1B371AD1BC547A8CF4DEAB">
<mods:title id="0CFE11EB9CB0DAEF3650EAC3E461BB2F">Insect Systematics and Diversity</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="CAD5388E65597E95ECC9080E5E5D4203">
<mods:date id="C602CB4C7051675D3265E5C646FB271A">2020</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="7F0127EA2B852FB112553D51118A0173" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="54EA288BE9D9BB24C3D533F305DE9236">2020-05-31</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="6224D10F07FAE336C0090BF59ED2B238" type="volume">
<mods:number id="17EFD6102ED649AEF7F717C69DC1FED5">4</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="0A7F5344EA41B7A8A0029006C60EBD6B" type="issue">
<mods:number id="00E42F5B6D5172C47BA259AACAFA52FF">3</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="E5039BAC296FFC0671677DB639591BBD" type="numero">
<mods:number id="A13AD63FD047BE627464102A0DF16465">2</mods:number>
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<mods:extent id="529CD50673F14CF47D9188333882C5DF" unit="page">
<mods:start id="77CCC95FBC13F36D64D817AA82D32978">1</mods:start>
<mods:end id="EDD37B2491D1853BE6C3647F32374A8F">27</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
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<mods:classification id="9D9452EB37C88A51090C229B4170A0A8">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="B5B88B347E6D22C25D7F71493FDE3B40" type="CLB-Dataset">22147</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="2E1D68ABA8863C7B57F98B40BA573EC0" type="DOI">10.1093/isd/ixaa006</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="1B3389C29EA200D409664CD1912A6074" type="GBIF-Dataset">6c2ad151-a6e0-4c1b-be84-d1950abe22dd</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="08DA563F43BCB1C017114FE8C61AF56E" type="ISSN">2399-3421</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="2D995785186D88DCB2B0E1C61C59E6AA" type="Zenodo-Dep">3826921</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="514381547E4EFF88FCBD10403BCAF9E6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3847022" ID-GBIF-Taxon="164133885" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3847022" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:514381547E4EFF88FCBD10403BCAF9E6" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/514381547E4EFF88FCBD10403BCAF9E6" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="18" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<subSubSection id="91F063C97E4EFF89FCBD10403B20F983" box="[818,1107,1587,1611]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="D95530427E4EFF89FCBD10403B20F983" blockId="16.[818,1107,1587,1642]" box="[818,1107,1587,1611]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<heading id="821D872E7E4EFF89FCBD10403B20F983" box="[818,1107,1587,1611]" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" reason="4">
<taxonomicName id="1EEA4BC17E4EFF89FCBD10403B20F983" ID-CoL="5B9Y8" authority="Linnaeus" authorityName="Linnaeus" box="[818,1107,1587,1611]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Vespa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="orientalis">
<emphasis id="EB9EEC507E4EFF89FCBD10403C96F982" box="[818,997,1588,1611]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Vespa orientalis</emphasis>
Linnaeus
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="91F063C97E4EFF89FCBD10233C94F9A3" box="[818,999,1623,1642]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="description">
<paragraph id="D95530427E4EFF89FCBD10233C94F9A3" blockId="16.[818,1107,1587,1642]" box="[818,999,1623,1642]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<figureCitation id="41D12CC77E4EFF89FCBD10233CE8F9A3" box="[818,923,1623,1642]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="5.[146,181,1785,1802]" captionTargetBox="[187,1402,148,1736]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[186,1402,147,1750]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figs. 9–12. Vespa morphology. (a, b) Dorsal view of metasoma. (c, d) Dorsal view of basal metasomal terga. Fig. 10. (a, b) Dorsal view of scutum. (c, d) Dorsal view of metasoma. Fig. 11. (a, b) Lateral view of head. (c, d) Dorsal view of metasoma. Fig. 12. (a, b) Front view of clypeus.(c-f) Dorsal view of metanotum. Figs. 9a, 9b,V. orientalis. Figs. 9c, 10b, d, V. affinis. Fig. 9d, V. crabro. Figs. 10a, 10c, 11b, 11c, V. mocsaryana. Fig. 11a, V. fumida. Fig. 11d. V. dybowskii. Figs. 12a, 12f, V. multimaculata. Figs. 12b, d, e, V. bicolor. Fig. 12c, V. luctuosa." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3826927" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3826927/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Figs. 9a, 9b</figureCitation>
, and
<figureCitation id="41D12CC77E4EFF89FC4010233C94F9A3" box="[975,999,1623,1642]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="19.[146,181,1413,1430]" captionTargetBox="[148,1429,148,1399]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[146,1429,147,1400]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="Figs. 40 and 41. Vespa color forms, (a) Lateral view. (b) Dorsal view. (c) Front view of face. Fig. 40. V. orientalis. Fig. 41. V. philippinensis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3826959" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3826959/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">40</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="91F063C97E4EFF88FCBD10F33E17F93E" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="18" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="D95530427E4EFF89FCBD10F33C90F97E" blockId="16.[818,1443,1671,1956]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="F9FA176C7E4EFF89FCBD10F33C90F97E" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<treatmentCitation id="584B16537E4EFF89FCBD10F33BEBF953" box="[818,1176,1671,1690]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<taxonomicName id="1EEA4BC17E4EFF89FCBD10F33BEBF953" ID-CoL="5B9Y8" authority="Linnaeus, 1771: 540" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityPageNumber="540" authorityYear="1771" box="[818,1176,1671,1690]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Vespa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="orientalis">
<emphasis id="EB9EEC507E4EFF89FCBD10F33CB4F953" box="[818,967,1671,1690]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Vespa orientalis</emphasis>
Linnaeus, 1771: 540
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
<typeStatus id="06518EE07E4EFF89FB2A10F33B8FF953" box="[1189,1276,1671,1690]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
female; ‘Oriente’ (LONDON-LS).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D95530427E4EFF89FCBD10B63CB2F93B" blockId="16.[818,1443,1671,1956]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="F9FA176C7E4EFF89FCBD10B63CB2F93B" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<treatmentCitation id="584B16537E4EFF89FCBD10B63B2EF91C" box="[818,1117,1730,1749]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<taxonomicName id="1EEA4BC17E4EFF89FCBD10B63B2EF91C" ID-CoL="7FRBS" authority="Drury, 1773: 74" authorityName="Drury" authorityPageNumber="74" authorityYear="1773" box="[818,1117,1730,1749]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Vespa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="turcica">
<emphasis id="EB9EEC507E4EFF89FCBD10B63CC1F91D" box="[818,946,1730,1748]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Vespa turcica</emphasis>
Drury, 1773: 74
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
<typeStatus id="06518EE07E4EFF89FBE410B63BE4F91C" box="[1131,1175,1730,1749]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Type</typeStatus>
unknown;
<materialsCitation id="69823A1F7E4EFF89FA8510B63CCEF93B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2618794303" country="Turkey" location="Smyrna" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Izmir">
<collectingCountry id="A1FD70D27E4EFF89FA8510B63A3DF91C" box="[1290,1358,1730,1749]" name="Turkey" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Turkey</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="1B2EFEA07E4EFF89FAD310B63AD1F91C" box="[1372,1442,1730,1749]" country="Turkey" name="Izmir" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Smyrna</collectingRegion>
(destroyed?)
</materialsCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D95530427E4EFF89FCBD108A3B2EF8E7" blockId="16.[818,1443,1671,1956]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="F9FA176C7E4EFF89FCBD108A3B2EF8E7" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<treatmentCitation id="584B16537E4EFF89FCBD108A3BB6F8D9" box="[818,1221,1789,1808]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<taxonomicName id="1EEA4BC17E4EFF89FCBD108A3BB6F8D9" ID-CoL="5B9Z4" authority="Forskal, 1775: 84" authorityName="Forskal" authorityPageNumber="84" authorityYear="1775" box="[818,1221,1789,1808]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Vespa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quadripunctata">
<emphasis id="EB9EEC507E4EFF89FCBD108A3B70F8D9" box="[818,1027,1789,1808]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Vespa quadripunctata</emphasis>
Forskål, 1775: 84
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="69823A1F7E4EFF89FB5910893B2AF8E7" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2618794305" country="Egypt" location="Kahirae" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Al Qahirah">
<typeStatus id="06518EE07E4EFF89FB5910893A75F8D9" box="[1238,1286,1789,1808]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Type</typeStatus>
?;
<collectingCountry id="A1FD70D27E4EFF89FA9010893A2BF8D9" box="[1311,1368,1789,1808]" name="Egypt" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Egypt</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="1B2EFEA07E4EFF89FAE710893AEDF8D9" box="[1384,1438,1789,1808]" country="Egypt" name="Al Qahirah" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Cairo</collectingRegion>
, ‘
<emphasis id="EB9EEC507E4EFF89FCDF116F3CE4F8E7" box="[848,919,1819,1838]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<location id="DC3566997E4EFF89FCDF116F3CE4F8E7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:514381547E4EFF88FCBD10403BCAF9E6:DC3566997E4EFF89FCDF116F3CE4F8E7" box="[848,919,1819,1838]" country="Egypt" name="Kahirae" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" stateProvince="Al Qahirah">Kahirae</location>
</emphasis>
’ (COPENHAGEN?)
</materialsCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D95530427E4EFF89FCBD114D3B78F8A0" blockId="16.[818,1443,1671,1956]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="F9FA176C7E4EFF89FCBD114D3B78F8A0" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<treatmentCitation id="584B16537E4EFF89FCBD114D3BD8F882" box="[818,1195,1848,1867]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<taxonomicName id="1EEA4BC17E4EFF89FCBD114D3BD8F882" ID-CoL="7G3CP" authority="Christ, 1791: 216" authorityName="Christ" authorityPageNumber="216" authorityYear="1791" box="[818,1195,1848,1867]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Vespa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="crabro" subSpecies="fusca">
<emphasis id="EB9EEC507E4EFF89FCBD114D3C98F882" box="[818,1003,1848,1867]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Vespa crabro fusca</emphasis>
Christ, 1791: 216
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
<typeStatus id="06518EE07E4EFF89FB36114D3B96F885" box="[1209,1253,1849,1868]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Type</typeStatus>
unknown;
<collectingCountry id="A1FD70D27E4EFF89FAD4114C3AECF882" box="[1371,1439,1848,1867]" name="Turkey" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Turkey</collectingCountry>
: ‘Smirna’ (destroyed).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D95530427E4EFF89FCBD11003CAFF86D" blockId="16.[818,1443,1671,1956]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="F9FA176C7E4EFF89FCBD11003CAFF86D" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<treatmentCitation id="584B16537E4EFF89FCBD11003B0EF84F" box="[818,1149,1907,1926]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<taxonomicName id="1EEA4BC17E4EFF89FCBD11003B0EF84F" ID-CoL="5B9QC" authority="Vallot, 1802: 170" authorityName="Vallot" authorityPageNumber="170" authorityYear="1802" box="[818,1149,1907,1926]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Vespa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aegyptiaca">
<emphasis id="EB9EEC507E4EFF89FCBD11003CA3F84F" box="[818,976,1908,1926]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Vespa aegyptiaca</emphasis>
Vallot, 1802: 170
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
;
<typeStatus id="06518EE07E4EFF89FB0811003BC0F84E" box="[1159,1203,1908,1927]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Type</typeStatus>
unknown;
<collectingCountry id="A1FD70D27E4EFF89FA9011003A27F84E" box="[1311,1364,1908,1927]" name="Egypt" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Egypt</collectingCountry>
(repository unknown).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<caption id="8D9560CA7E4FFF88FF1D12B03CA9FB1C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3826955" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3826955" box="[146,986,1220,1237]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3826955/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" startId="17.[146,181,1220,1237]" targetBox="[148,1429,148,1208]" targetPageId="17">
<paragraph id="D95530427E4FFF88FF1D12B03CA9FB1C" blockId="17.[146,986,1220,1237]" box="[146,986,1220,1237]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<emphasis id="EB9EEC507E4FFF88FF1D12B03E7CFB1C" bold="true" box="[146,271,1220,1237]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Figs. 36 and 37.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="1EEA4BC17E4FFF88FE9912B03EDCFB1C" ID-CoL="5B9XD" box="[278,431,1220,1237]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Vespa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mocsaryana">
<emphasis id="EB9EEC507E4FFF88FE9912B03EDCFB1C" box="[278,431,1220,1237]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Vespa mocsaryana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
color forms. (a) Lateral view. (b) Dorsal view. (c) Front view of face.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="D95530427E4FFF88FF1D137B3E63FAF6" blockId="17.[146,771,1294,1783]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="F9FA176C7E4FFF88FF1D137B3E63FAF6" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<treatmentCitation id="584B16537E4FFF88FF1D137B3ECCFAEB" box="[146,447,1294,1314]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<taxonomicName id="1EEA4BC17E4FFF88FF1D137B3ECCFAEB" authority="Vallot, 1802: 170" authorityName="Vallot" authorityPageNumber="170" authorityYear="1802" box="[146,447,1294,1314]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Vespa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nilotica">
<emphasis id="EB9EEC507E4FFF88FF1D137B3E67FAE8" box="[146,276,1294,1313]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Vespa nilotica</emphasis>
Vallot, 1802: 170
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
;
<typeStatus id="06518EE07E4FFF88FE46137B3E86FAEB" box="[457,501,1295,1314]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Type</typeStatus>
unknown;
<collectingCountry id="A1FD70D27E4FFF88FDEE137B3DE5FAEB" box="[609,662,1295,1314]" name="Egypt" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Egypt</collectingCountry>
(repository unknown).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D95530427E4FFF88FF1D133E3DF1FAB3" blockId="17.[146,771,1294,1783]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="F9FA176C7E4FFF88FF1D133E3DF1FAB3" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<treatmentCitation id="584B16537E4FFF88FF1D133E3E98FA95" box="[146,491,1353,1372]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<taxonomicName id="1EEA4BC17E4FFF88FF1D133E3E98FA95" ID-CoL="5B9VW" authority="de Saussure, 1854: 133" authorityName="de Saussure" authorityPageNumber="133" authorityYear="1854" box="[146,491,1353,1372]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Vespa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jurinei">
<emphasis id="EB9EEC507E4FFF88FF1D133E3E79FA95" box="[146,266,1354,1372]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Vespa jurinei</emphasis>
de Saussure, 1854: 133
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
;
<typeStatus id="06518EE07E4FFF88FE7A133E3D3CFA94" box="[501,591,1354,1373]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
female (designated by Guiglia, 1971: 94);
<collectingCountry id="A1FD70D27E4FFF88FEF513123EB1FAB0" box="[378,450,1382,1401]" name="Albania" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Albania</collectingCountry>
(LONDON-NHM).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D95530427E4FFF88FF1D13F03EB7FA1B" blockId="17.[146,771,1294,1783]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="F9FA176C7E4FFF88FF1D13F03EB7FA1B" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<treatmentCitation id="584B16537E4FFF88FF1D13F03D16FA5E" box="[146,613,1412,1431]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<taxonomicName id="1EEA4BC17E4FFF88FF1D13F03D16FA5E" ID-CoL="5B9QC" authority="Andre, 1884: 584" authorityName="Andre" authorityPageNumber="584" authorityYear="1884" box="[146,613,1412,1431]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Vespa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="orientalis" variety="aegyptiaca">
<emphasis id="EB9EEC507E4FFF88FF1D13F03E56FA5E" box="[146,293,1412,1431]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Vespa orientalis</emphasis>
var.
<emphasis id="EB9EEC507E4FFF88FEDA13F03EC5FA5F" box="[341,438,1412,1430]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">aegyptiaca</emphasis>
André, 1884: 584
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
’
<typeStatus id="06518EE07E4FFF88FDFF13F03DEFFA5E" box="[624,668,1412,1431]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Type</typeStatus>
unknown;
<materialsCitation id="69823A1F7E4FFF88FF2513D63EB3FA1B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2618794304" collectionCode="PARIS" country="Egypt" location="Alexandrie'" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Al Qahirah">
<collectingCountry id="A1FD70D27E4FFF88FF2513D63F90FA7C" box="[170,227,1442,1461]" name="Egypt" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Egypt</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="1B2EFEA07E4FFF88FF7F13D53E55FA7D" box="[240,294,1441,1460]" country="Egypt" name="Al Qahirah" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Cairo</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="1B2EFEA07E4FFF88FEBB13D53EE9FA7D" box="[308,410,1441,1460]" country="Egypt" name="Al Iskandariyah" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Alexandria</collectingRegion>
‘
<collectingRegion id="1B2EFEA07E4FFF88FE2813D53D73FA7D" box="[423,512,1441,1460]" country="Egypt" name="Al Qahirah" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Le Caire</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="DC3566997E4FFF88FD8213D53D0BFA7D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:514381547E4EFF88FCBD10403BCAF9E6:DC3566997E4FFF88FD8213D53D0BFA7D" box="[525,632,1441,1460]" country="Egypt" name="Alexandrie'" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" stateProvince="Al Qahirah">Alexandrie’</location>
(
<collectionCode id="BFFBA8877E4FFF88FD0613D53DBAFA7D" box="[649,713,1441,1460]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">PARIS</collectionCode>
). Nec
<taxonomicName id="1EEA4BC17E4FFF88FF2513CB3EB3FA1B" ID-CoL="5B9QC" authority="Vallot, 1802" authorityName="Vallot" authorityYear="1802" box="[170,448,1470,1490]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Vespa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aegyptiaca">
<emphasis id="EB9EEC507E4FFF88FF2513CB3E34FA18" box="[170,327,1471,1489]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Vespa aegyptiaca</emphasis>
Vallot, 1802
</taxonomicName>
</materialsCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D95530427E4FFF88FF1D13A83E77F9C5" blockId="17.[146,771,1294,1783]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="F9FA176C7E4FFF88FF1D13A83E77F9C5" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<treatmentCitation id="584B16537E4FFF88FF1D13A83E99FA26" box="[146,490,1500,1519]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<taxonomicName id="1EEA4BC17E4FFF88FF1D13A83E99FA26" ID-CoL="5B9VF" authority="Wroughton, 1889: 35" authorityName="Wroughton" authorityPageNumber="35" authorityYear="1889" box="[146,490,1500,1519]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Vespa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="indica">
<emphasis id="EB9EEC507E4FFF88FF1D13A83E78FA26" box="[146,267,1500,1519]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Vespa indica</emphasis>
Wroughton, 1889: 35
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
<taxonomicName id="1EEA4BC17E4FFF88FE7713A83D4AFA27" ID-CoL="639BQ" authorityName="Pacheco" authorityYear="1964" box="[504,569,1500,1518]" class="Insecta" family="Heteroceridae" genus="Lapsus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="EB9EEC507E4FFF88FE7713A83D4AFA27" box="[504,569,1500,1518]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Lapsus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
for
<taxonomicName id="1EEA4BC17E4FFF88FDE413A83E77F9C5" ID-CoL="5B9Y8" authority="Linnaeus." authorityName="Linnaeus." class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Vespa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="orientalis">
<emphasis id="EB9EEC507E4FFF88FDE413A83C72FA26" box="[619,769,1500,1519]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Vespa orientalis</emphasis>
Linnaeus.
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D95530427E4FFF88FF1D10633D98F98E" blockId="17.[146,771,1294,1783]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="F9FA176C7E4FFF88FF1D10633D98F98E" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<treatmentCitation id="584B16537E4FFF88FF1D10633DC0F9E0" box="[146,691,1558,1578]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<taxonomicName id="1EEA4BC17E4FFF88FF1D10633DC0F9E0" authority="Guiglia and Capra, 1933: 168" authorityName="Guiglia and Capra" authorityPageNumber="168" authorityYear="1933" box="[146,691,1558,1578]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Vespa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="orientalis" variety="zavattarii">
<emphasis id="EB9EEC507E4FFF88FF1D10633E52F9E0" box="[146,289,1558,1577]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Vespa orientalis</emphasis>
var.
<emphasis id="EB9EEC507E4FFF88FEC610633EECF9E0" box="[329,415,1559,1577]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">zavattarii</emphasis>
Guiglia and Capra, 1933: 168
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
<typeStatus id="06518EE07E4FFF88FD3610633C72F9E3" box="[697,769,1559,1578]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="syntype">Syntype</typeStatus>
females;
<collectingCountry id="A1FD70D27E4FFF88FF7510403E42F98E" box="[250,305,1588,1607]" name="Libya" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Libya</collectingCountry>
: ‘Fezzan, Ubari;
<materialsCitation id="69823A1F7E4FFF88FE4710403D94F98E" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2618794301" box="[456,743,1588,1607]" collectionCode="GENOA" country="Algeria" location="Oued Tizzi'" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" specimenCount="1">
<collectingCountry id="A1FD70D27E4FFF88FE4710403D7DF98E" box="[456,526,1588,1607]" name="Algeria" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Algeria</collectingCountry>
:
<location id="DC3566997E4FFF88FD9910403DF3F98E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:514381547E4EFF88FCBD10403BCAF9E6:DC3566997E4FFF88FD9910403DF3F98E" box="[534,640,1588,1607]" country="Algeria" name="Oued Tizzi'" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Oued Tizzi’</location>
(
<collectionCode id="BFFBA8877E4FFF88FD0310403D93F98E" box="[652,736,1588,1607]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">GENOA</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D95530427E4FFF88FF1D10263D7CF956" blockId="17.[146,771,1294,1783]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="F9FA176C7E4FFF88FF1D10263D7CF956" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<treatmentCitation id="584B16537E4FFF88FF1D10263DECF9AD" box="[146,671,1617,1637]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<taxonomicName id="1EEA4BC17E4FFF88FF1D10263DECF9AD" ID-CoL="5LR6R" authority="Giordani Soika, 1934: 184" authorityName="Giordani Soika" authorityPageNumber="184" authorityYear="1934" box="[146,671,1617,1637]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Vespa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="orientalis" variety="somalica">
<emphasis id="EB9EEC507E4FFF88FF1D10263E50F9AD" box="[146,291,1617,1636]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Vespa orientalis</emphasis>
var.
<emphasis id="EB9EEC507E4FFF88FEDF10253ED2F9AD" box="[336,417,1617,1636]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">somalica</emphasis>
Giordani Soika, 1934: 184
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
<typeStatus id="06518EE07E4FFF88FD2710263C71F9AC" box="[680,770,1618,1637]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
female (designated by Giordani Soika, 1973: 11);
<collectingCountry id="A1FD70D27E4FFF88FD3D101A3D8CF948" box="[690,767,1646,1665]" name="Somalia" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Somalia</collectingCountry>
: ‘Somalia italiana
<collectorName id="741F55947E4FFF88FEC510F83ED2F956" box="[330,417,1676,1695]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">di Carim’</collectorName>
(VENICE).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D95530427E4FFF88FF1D10DE3E17F93E" blockId="17.[146,771,1294,1783]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="F9FA176C7E4FFF88FF1D10DE3E17F93E" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<treatmentCitation id="584B16537E4FFF88FF1D10DE3DE9F975" box="[146,666,1705,1724]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<taxonomicName id="1EEA4BC17E4FFF88FF1D10DE3DE9F975" ID-CoL="5LR6Q" authority="Giordani Soika, 1957: 482" authorityName="Giordani Soika" authorityPageNumber="482" authorityYear="1957" box="[146,666,1705,1724]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Vespa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="orientalis" subSpecies="arabica">
<emphasis id="EB9EEC507E4FFF88FF1D10DE3E0FF975" box="[146,380,1705,1724]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Vespa orientalis arabica</emphasis>
Giordani Soika, 1957: 482
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
<typeStatus id="06518EE07E4FFF88FD2410DD3C71F975" box="[683,770,1705,1724]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
female;
<collectingCountry id="A1FD70D27E4FFF88FE8D10B33E30F913" box="[258,323,1735,1754]" name="Yemen" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Yemen</collectingCountry>
: ‘
<location id="DC3566997E4FFF88FED010B33EDFF913" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:514381547E4EFF88FCBD10403BCAF9E6:DC3566997E4FFF88FED010B33EDFF913" box="[351,428,1735,1754]" country="Yemen" municipality="Al Milah'" name="Western" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Western</location>
Aden Protectorate:
<collectingMunicipality id="3931AA387E4FFF88FD1710B23C71F910" box="[664,770,1734,1753]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Al Milah’</collectingMunicipality>
(LONDON-NHM).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="91F063C97E4FFF88FF1D11603FACF8B6" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="D95530427E4FFF88FF1D11603FACF8B6" blockId="17.[146,770,1812,1919]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<emphasis id="EB9EEC507E4FFF88FF1D11603E70F8EE" bold="true" box="[146,259,1812,1831]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Distribution</emphasis>
. north Africa, southern Europe,
<collectingCountry id="A1FD70D27E4FFF88FDE611603DD9F8EE" box="[617,682,1812,1831]" name="Turkey" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Turkey</collectingCountry>
, Middle East, southern
<collectingCountry id="A1FD70D27E4FFF88FEAE11453E2CF88D" box="[289,351,1841,1860]" name="Russia" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Russia</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="A1FD70D27E4FFF88FEE411453EAFF88D" box="[363,476,1841,1860]" name="Afghanistan" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Afghanistan</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="A1FD70D27E4FFF88FE6611453D4AF88D" box="[489,569,1841,1860]" name="Pakistan" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Pakistan</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="A1FD70D27E4FFF88FDC911453D04F88D" box="[582,631,1841,1860]" name="India" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">India</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="A1FD70D27E4FFF88FD0B11453DCEF88D" box="[644,701,1841,1860]" name="Nepal" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Nepal</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="A1FD70D27E4FFF88FD4511453C71F88D" box="[714,770,1841,1860]" name="China" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">China</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingRegion id="1B2EFEA07E4FFF88FF17113A3F9FF8A8" box="[152,236,1870,1889]" country="China" name="Xinjiang Uygur" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Xinjiang</collectingRegion>
). Introduced into
<collectingCountry id="A1FD70D27E4FFF88FE2F113A3D4BF8A8" box="[416,568,1870,1889]" name="Czech Republic" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Czech Republic</collectingCountry>
;
<collectingCountry id="A1FD70D27E4FFF88FDC8113A3D0EF8A8" box="[583,637,1870,1889]" name="Spain" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Spain</collectingCountry>
;
<collectingCountry id="A1FD70D27E4FFF88FD04113A3D8DF8A8" box="[651,766,1870,1889]" name="Madagascar" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
;
<collectingCountry id="A1FD70D27E4FFF88FF1D11183FA8F8B6" box="[146,219,1900,1919]" name="Mexico" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Mexico</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="91F063C97E4FFF88FCBD137A3BCAF9E6" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="D95530427E4FFF88FCBD137A3BCAF9E6" blockId="17.[818,1442,1294,1583]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<emphasis id="EB9EEC507E4FFF88FCBD137A3CE7FAE8" bold="true" box="[818,916,1294,1313]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Discussion</emphasis>
. This is a distinctively marked reddish orange and yellow wasp. The nests are built in the ground in rodent burrows or rock crevices (
<bibRefCitation id="BD7B4DB37E4FFF88FC08133E3B74FA97" author="Archer" box="[903,1031,1354,1374]" firstAuthor="Archer" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" pagination="45 - 51" refId="ref11884" refString="Archer, M. E. 1998 a. Taxonomy, distribution and nesting biology of Vespa orientalis L. Entomol. Mon. Mag. 134: 45 - 51." type="journal article" year="1998" yearSuffix="a">Archer 1998a</bibRefCitation>
). Around human habitation, nests have also been found in empty beehives, under eaves or floorboards, and even in abandoned outhouses. It has been recorded from
<collectingCountry id="A1FD70D27E4FFF88FA9013F23A16FA50" box="[1311,1381,1414,1433]" name="Mexico" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Mexico</collectingCountry>
but is evidently not established (
<bibRefCitation id="BD7B4DB37E4FFF88FB9113D13BE5FA7E" author="Dvorak" box="[1054,1174,1444,1464]" firstAuthor="Dvorak" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" pagination="80" refId="ref12665" refString="Dvorak, L. 2006. Oriental Hornet Vespa orientalis Linnaeus, 1771 found in Mexico (Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Vespinae). Entomological Problems 36: 80." type="journal article" year="2006">Dvořák 2006</bibRefCitation>
).
<taxonomicName id="1EEA4BC17E4FFF88FB2713D13A4BFA7E" box="[1192,1336,1444,1463]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Vespa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="orientalis">
<emphasis id="EB9EEC507E4FFF88FB2713D13A4BFA7E" box="[1192,1336,1444,1463]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Vespa orientalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are scavengers, feeding on nectar and fruit as well as insects and carrion. They also prey on honeybees and other pollinators. A study by
<bibRefCitation id="BD7B4DB37E4FFF88FAD013943CD7F9D8" author="Plotkin" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Plotkin" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" pagination="1067 - 1076" refId="ref13338" refString="Plotkin, M., I. Hod, A. Zaban, et al. 2010. Solar energy harvesting in the epicuticle of the oriental hornet (Vespa orientalis). Naturwissenschaften 97: 1067 - 1076." type="journal article" year="2010">Plotkin et al. (2010)</bibRefCitation>
found that this species has a novel form of photosynthesis using yellow pigments in the cuticle.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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