185 lines
18 KiB
XML
185 lines
18 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="17738CB9ACBAAD1D03DD2EC4A2B56888">Updated catalogue and taxonomic notes on the Old-World scorpion genus Buthus Leach, 1815 (Scorpiones, Buthidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="81D37BB40AC8077CAD785D8D86ACE323">Sousa, Pedro</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="80FE77A761B907DAE3E5A9C3AA7E8C1A">Arnedo, Miquel A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="97BE2FE63D1A9C092B33B25D3143174D">Harris, D. James</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="25FF790F49901159CF67E0248F02836C">2017</mods:date>
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<mods:identifier id="4126BAFDFAE59FAB649751C96E4C1B6C" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.686.12206</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="2B2D71300F02376F6DC5774A89245DD9" ID-GBIF-Taxon="132648878" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2B2D71300F02376F6DC5774A89245DD9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/2B2D71300F02376F6DC5774A89245DD9" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="33" pageId="17" pageNumber="32">
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<subSubSection id="61ECCA0745F2397B753268008A423DFF" pageId="17" pageNumber="32" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="6A857B5D80AA5A8F593B90C3BCA47362" pageId="17" pageNumber="32">
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27.
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<taxonomicName id="8723BE936E96EB3D9E5EA0EB44AB863A" ID-CoL="NYZF" authority="Shulov & Amitai, 1959" authorityName="Shulov & Amitai" authorityYear="1959" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Buthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Buthus israelis" order="Scorpiones" pageId="17" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="israelis">Buthus israelis Shulov & Amitai, 1959</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="642B6ED6D9D4AD9821A28482F6ABA103" pageId="17" pageNumber="32" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="71400DCF87500B9D7A7C3DC4D9F89A2A" pageId="17" pageNumber="32">
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<taxonomicName id="102A4B97D26872131603B2CC2FBCA86D" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Buthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Buthus occitanus" order="Scorpiones" pageId="17" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subspecies" species="occitanus" subspecies="mardochei">Buthus occitanus mardochei israelis</taxonomicName>
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:
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<bibRefCitation id="AE95EA907B90FF5B21D8130651BA36BC" author="Shulov, A" journalOrPublisher="Archives de l'Institut Pasteur d'Algerie" pageId="34" pageNumber="49" pagination="218 - 225" title="Observations sur les Scorpions. Buthusoccitanus ssp. mardochei var. israelis var. nov." volume="37" year="1959">Shulov and Amitai 1959</bibRefCitation>
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: 219-225, fig. 1-3.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="ED68B540F57FB57180DCAFFE019FC803" pageId="17" pageNumber="32">
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<taxonomicName id="A18DE3251A8F9DDF5F8A97C3D3DB4253" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Buthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Buthus occitanus" order="Scorpiones" pageId="17" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subspecies" species="occitanus" subspecies="israelis">Buthus occitanus israelis</taxonomicName>
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:
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<bibRefCitation id="473EE14124E46C0C3CF56F535D5D6B20" author="Perez, S" journalOrPublisher="Catedra de Artropodos" pageId="33" pageNumber="48" pagination="1 - 45" title="Un inventario preliminar de los escorpiones de la region Paleartica y claves para la identification de los generos de la region Paleartica Occidental." volume="7" year="1974">
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<normalizedToken id="A27CEE3FC02576446A5E284B4E08E9DB" originalValue="Pérez">Perez</normalizedToken>
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1974
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||
</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 23;
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<bibRefCitation id="B2B83191CCA1A8B5350FFF7C09507EBE" pageId="17" pageNumber="32">Vachon and Kinzelbach 1987</bibRefCitation>
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: 101;
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<bibRefCitation id="D204896EBE5BB2A708AF18B52D1C026C" pageId="17" pageNumber="32">Fet and Lowe 2000</bibRefCitation>
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: 95;
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||
<bibRefCitation id="686A63F8BCCDCA512CACD488905FF8F7" author="Skutelsky, O" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Arachnology" pageId="34" pageNumber="49" pagination="46 - 47" title="Flexibility in foraging tactics of Buthusoccitanus scorpions as a response to above-ground activity of termites." volume="23" year="1995">Skutelsky 1995</bibRefCitation>
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: 46;
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<bibRefCitation id="1C88BDA979E9AFF7F75972EA8949DF44" author="Skutelsky, O" journalOrPublisher="Animal Behaviour" pageId="34" pageNumber="49" pagination="49 - 57" title="Predation risk and state-dependent foraging in scorpions: effects of moonlight on foraging in the scorpion Buthusoccitanus." url="https://doi.org/10.1006/anbe.1996.0151" volume="52" year="1996">Skutelsky 1996</bibRefCitation>
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: 50
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C216DF1AE197E1EC5B56396D778FA30E" pageId="17" pageNumber="32">
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<taxonomicName id="D607BADFD91A1A0D3D4BC1F62483FD61" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Buthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Buthus occitanus" order="Scorpiones" pageId="17" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subspecies" species="occitanus" subspecies="israelis">Buthus occitanus israelis</taxonomicName>
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(Shulov & Amitai, 1959):
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<bibRefCitation id="C523DD20B28C0F2CEF654C98E3020964" author="Levy, G" journalOrPublisher="The Israel Academy of Sciences an d Humanit es, Jerusalem" pageId="30" pageNumber="45" title="Fauna Palaestina. Arachnida I: Scorpiones." year="1980">Levy and Amitai 1980</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 16-21, fig. 25-29; EI-Hennawy 1992: 101, 120;
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<bibRefCitation id="C822B5CA7077E3AE41F9B59B85E4138F" author="Kovarik, F" journalOrPublisher="Euscorpius" pageId="29" pageNumber="44" pagination="1 - 16" title="Review of Tunisian Species of the Genus Buthus with Descriptions of Two New Species and a Discussion of Ehrenberg's Types (Scorpiones: Buthidae)." url="http://www.science.marshall.edu/fet/euscorpius/p2006_34.pdf" volume="34" year="2006">
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<normalizedToken id="6235602F3B959E64B8FA4D5C7DA7E14B" originalValue="Kovařík">Kovarik</normalizedToken>
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||
2006
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 10;
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||
<normalizedToken id="45558128B76C8BCBB5867A1D024CD3ED" originalValue="Lourenço">Lourenco</normalizedToken>
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,
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||
<normalizedToken id="46304DB9857B8435807D83838A453B4A" originalValue="Yağmur">Yagmur</normalizedToken>
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and Duhem 2010: 96.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="FAA027C4956FAEABC1255D7D523A3A84" pageId="17" pageNumber="32">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="291F2DDBBF3A48BFF48B81919912AABB" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Buthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Buthus intumescens" order="Scorpiones" pageId="17" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="intumescens">Buthus intumescens</taxonomicName>
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||
(MIS):
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9CF53AA24D0B930852DCFA4A65EAA44D" author="Kovarik, F" journalOrPublisher="Euscorpius" pageId="29" pageNumber="44" pagination="1 - 16" title="Review of Tunisian Species of the Genus Buthus with Descriptions of Two New Species and a Discussion of Ehrenberg's Types (Scorpiones: Buthidae)." url="http://www.science.marshall.edu/fet/euscorpius/p2006_34.pdf" volume="34" year="2006">
|
||
<normalizedToken id="9DB2D32DBA9F2C4E5F8EA90CAD96042A" originalValue="Kovařík">Kovarik</normalizedToken>
|
||
2006
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(part): 10-11.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="89007C7F9162563354F927FB9C237F6D" pageId="17" pageNumber="32">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="938E7E1E427B4CF71C8F14A5A9DDC0F5" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Buthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Buthus israelis" order="Scorpiones" pageId="17" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="israelis">Buthus israelis</taxonomicName>
|
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:
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||
<normalizedToken id="9E1AE0C25816C2CC9029564136C65D2D" originalValue="Lourenço">Lourenco</normalizedToken>
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||
,
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||
<normalizedToken id="2D0548D654091DDA6E15F060F11CC2CB" originalValue="Yağmur">Yagmur</normalizedToken>
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||
and Duhem 2010: 96-97;
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||
<normalizedToken id="C902987C323835DA340C50B8E4FB901D" originalValue="Yağmur">Yagmur</normalizedToken>
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||
,
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<normalizedToken id="F92B2EFEE97516D523D994511B5FD007" originalValue="Koç">Koc</normalizedToken>
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and
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<normalizedToken id="BE8B922379CA7B50693FA271915DCEAE" originalValue="Lourenço">Lourenco</normalizedToken>
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2011: 29.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="ADA73E026DA0542E43642B53210A4528" pageId="17" pageNumber="32">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DF6C53496EC528093F0B74FF092ED959" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Buthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Buthus israelis" order="Scorpiones" pageId="17" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="israelis">Buthus israelis</taxonomicName>
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(Shulov & Amitai, 1959):
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<bibRefCitation id="C0240A18736100E328967DE674B24753" author="Rossi, A" journalOrPublisher="Rivista del Museo Civico di Scienze Naturali " Enrico Caffi ", Bergamo" pageId="34" pageNumber="49" pagination="187 - 194" title="A new species of the genus Buthus Leach, 1815 from Egypt (Scorpiones: Buthidae)." url="http://www.museoscienzebergamo.it/web/images/stories/museo/Rivista_museo/26_volume/Rossi_2013_new_Buthus_from_Egypt.pdf" volume="26" year="2013">Rossi 2013</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 191-192; Rossi, Tropea and
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<normalizedToken id="96A1A530672C6665149CBACDDD22CC80" originalValue="Yağmur">Yagmur</normalizedToken>
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||
2013: 2-3, 6-7.
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||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E804B2A145E0EA1BB660F9176E0220F5" pageId="17" pageNumber="32">
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||
<taxonomicName id="2E151676F98DEE59960CCDDC071987FB" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Buthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Buthus occitanus" order="Scorpiones" pageId="17" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subspecies" species="occitanus" subspecies="mardochei">Buthus occitanus mardochei israelis</taxonomicName>
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||
:
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<bibRefCitation id="0C80A74DC187C173E4B19F497B595D6D" author="Vachon, M" journalOrPublisher="Toxicon" pageId="36" pageNumber="51" pagination="209 - 218" title="Liste des scorpions connus en Egypte, Arabie, Israeli, Liban, Syrie, Jordanie, Turquie, Irak, Iran." volume="4" year="1966">Vachon 1966</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 211;
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<bibRefCitation id="1BD0BAB99BF3DB5601369E45AD35F734" author="Kovarik, F" journalOrPublisher="Euscorpius" pageId="29" pageNumber="44" pagination="1 - 16" title="Review of Tunisian Species of the Genus Buthus with Descriptions of Two New Species and a Discussion of Ehrenberg's Types (Scorpiones: Buthidae)." url="http://www.science.marshall.edu/fet/euscorpius/p2006_34.pdf" volume="34" year="2006">
|
||
<normalizedToken id="4EBED88A1AE7A5105108369A56097B15" originalValue="Kovařík">Kovarik</normalizedToken>
|
||
2006
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 10;
|
||
<normalizedToken id="3E1B12D2D077D66310E460CC9D0948D3" originalValue="Lourenço">Lourenco</normalizedToken>
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||
,
|
||
<normalizedToken id="F626E03CAE80C0E4C749F2059E2353C7" originalValue="Yağmur">Yagmur</normalizedToken>
|
||
and Duhem 2010: 95.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9751614FD0FF2265290B34DFF8734A8E" pageId="17" pageNumber="32">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="946936A989DAF2AD4AB56C6DD9A7EBBF" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Buthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Buthus occitanus" order="Scorpiones" pageId="17" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subspecies" species="occitanus" subspecies="typicus">Buthus occitanus typicus</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="1A589EA9693A6493E4F365BC5861D303" author="Bodenheimer, FS" journalOrPublisher="Imprimerie de l'Institut Francais d'Archeologie Orientale, Le Caire" pageId="23" pageNumber="38" title="Prodromus Faunae Palestinae. Essai sur les elements zoogeographiques et historiques du sud-ouest du sous-regne palearctique. Memoires p." year="1937">Bodenheimer 1937</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 235.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="138E871C78B5FF54BCED16A9D50B3765" pageId="17" pageNumber="32" type="type material">
|
||
<paragraph id="4E44C126D799EA12870FD5C152CFEC0D" pageId="17" pageNumber="32">Type material.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D439593EA8A2C821B26ED2701454D3BA" pageId="17" pageNumber="32">
|
||
holotype lost (sex unknown),
|
||
<normalizedToken id="02D358FC3CA5FE6D5D65C11F9464F175" originalValue="Mash’abbe">Mash'abbe</normalizedToken>
|
||
Sade (as Mashavei
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||
<normalizedToken id="C05FCC17222CE4004D8D8E54B01499C7" originalValue="Sadé">Sade</normalizedToken>
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||
) (approx. 31°, 34.78°), Negev desert, Israel.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="2174B26F0A0630942D793A6B1DD38D0A" pageId="17" pageNumber="32" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="F8074FB476BC97F607778D8BCEB42A57" pageId="17" pageNumber="32">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="69D1F038C371380CCA5B2F0E822BF1EF" pageId="17" pageNumber="32">
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||
This species has been recorded in Egypt (the Sinai Peninsula) and Israel. Notwithstanding,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="127DFC41EB26DECB2C6BACBA87841E94" author="Kovarik, F" journalOrPublisher="Euscorpius" pageId="29" pageNumber="44" pagination="1 - 16" title="Review of Tunisian Species of the Genus Buthus with Descriptions of Two New Species and a Discussion of Ehrenberg's Types (Scorpiones: Buthidae)." url="http://www.science.marshall.edu/fet/euscorpius/p2006_34.pdf" volume="34" year="2006">
|
||
<normalizedToken id="C983DC1D6C3140F8A081825A8B178CBC" originalValue="Kovařík">Kovarik</normalizedToken>
|
||
(2006)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
considered this species to be a junior synonym of
|
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<taxonomicName id="28351E66BA256357B6174FAE2A974BD3" lsidName="B. intumescens" pageId="17" pageNumber="32" rank="species" species="intumescens">B. intumescens</taxonomicName>
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||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="30421A1302F8EC86D0820D1435CA6FA9" pageId="18" pageNumber="33" type="remarks">
|
||
<paragraph id="C279DBBE98E1B3B4115DBF1E68161B9D" pageId="18" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<pageBreakToken id="201E8C68B4E9E0222DFD3B39D66F7371" pageId="18" pageNumber="33" start="start">Remarks</pageBreakToken>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="84A2C328B4E468EE0D8E065D6AE3FFEF" pageId="18" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2707C3143487B879B2F41243AAFA6950" author="Levy, G" journalOrPublisher="The Israel Academy of Sciences an d Humanit es, Jerusalem" pageId="30" pageNumber="45" title="Fauna Palaestina. Arachnida I: Scorpiones." year="1980">Levy and Amitai (1980)</bibRefCitation>
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did not designate any neotype when they re-described the species. In contrast to the several infrasubspecific taxa described by Vachon that are unavailable according to the ICZN,
|
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<taxonomicName id="8429CDDED92D26EF81295559CCBCEB3C" lsidName="B. o." pageId="18" pageNumber="33" rank="subspecies" species="o." subspecies="israelis">B. o. israelis</taxonomicName>
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is an available name according to the ICZN article 45.6.4.1 ("a name that is infrasubspecific under Article 45.6.4 is nevertheless deemed to be subspecific from its original publication if, before 1985, it was either adopted as the valid name of a species or subspecies or was treated as a senior homonym"), which is the present case as Levy and Amitai redescribed this taxon before 1985, and thus articles 45.5 and 45.5.1 do not apply. Several authors wrongly report the original authors of the species in parenthesis. The use of parenthesis is only to be made when a species is changed from one genus to another (ICZN article 51.3), which is clearly not the case with
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<taxonomicName id="A6B0D11C0163F5C1C2E2F132D0E742BF" lsidName="B. israelis" pageId="18" pageNumber="33" rank="species" species="israelis">B. israelis</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |