274 lines
34 KiB
XML
274 lines
34 KiB
XML
<document id="24C04A450DB91929B7B2269E56C61CD5" ID-DOI="10.13133/2284-4880/545" ID-ISSN="2284-4880" ID-Zenodo-Dep="12764154" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1721242503917" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Ballerio, Alberto" docDate="2021" docId="0F7475501149FFF1FF16AE041D219768" docLanguage="en" docName="FragEntomol.53.2.105-282.pdf" docOrigin="Fragmenta entomologica 53 (2)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.13133/2284-4880/545" docStyle="DocumentStyle:8499FF4308F512386C0E43DC290A16BD.1:FragEntomol.2021-.journal_article.0cover" docStyleId="8499FF4308F512386C0E43DC290A16BD" docStyleName="FragEntomol.2021-.journal_article.0cover" docStyleVersion="1" docTitle="Synarmostes antsingyi Paulian 1979" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="124" masterDocId="F34D0D28115AFFE2FF9EAF31192A9224" masterDocTitle="The Ceratocanthinae of Madagascar and Comoro Islands: a revision of the genera Synarmostes and Goudotostes, and of the flightless Philharmostes, with description of 64 new species (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea, Hybosoridae)" masterLastPageNumber="282" masterPageNumber="105" pageNumber="124" updateTime="1721247602959" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-NC-4.0">
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<mods:titleInfo id="02E72ACA2B9F56B7C48BD3889FC44BBF">
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<mods:title id="1C42D525D22EF14FE34A5F1F8EB8CE8D">The Ceratocanthinae of Madagascar and Comoro Islands: a revision of the genera Synarmostes and Goudotostes, and of the flightless Philharmostes, with description of 64 new species (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea, Hybosoridae)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="2E435E051922E05939531A3089C98A1E" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="A1435BB301A60E28300E2CE3DD143E50">Ballerio, Alberto</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="59410E239A977A5F1D917371C965DDE4">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="F8140BACF131AACA22A45A649DED4434">Fragmenta entomologica</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="E2FE055D3AFA13CA97D781D2787E27FE">
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<mods:date id="F3A81E6D0C14C68F628FF52C2FC57D9A">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="4A803069B8B66406D40D6E9E52ABD1BF">2021-11-30</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="8BD402BB342969A2ECDC9AD0751107D5">53</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="82186301C71525EAC40A9337999AEE85">105</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="9C5DAD86447A259849D6C797B456478C">282</mods:end>
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<mods:url id="CC5F20E5240393E2ECB16CA0A8AC3FCB">http://dx.doi.org/10.13133/2284-4880/545</mods:url>
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<mods:identifier id="2E93E0F32E4360EE56A04ECC6D8083B0" type="DOI">10.13133/2284-4880/545</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="815B743E11BD65A0CCB942C3E49AE8F3" type="ISSN">2284-4880</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="0F7475501149FFF1FF16AE041D219768" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0F7475501149FFF1FF16AE041D219768" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0F7475501149FFF1FF16AE041D219768" lastPageNumber="124" pageId="19" pageNumber="124">
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<subSubSection id="CFC797CD1149FFF1FF16AE041B209368" box="[136,522,308,332]" pageId="19" pageNumber="124" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8762C4461149FFF1FF16AE041B209368" blockId="19.[136,522,308,332]" box="[136,522,308,332]" pageId="19" pageNumber="124">
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<heading id="DC2A732A1149FFF1FF16AE041B209368" box="[136,522,308,332]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="19" pageNumber="124" reason="5">
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<taxonomicName id="40DDBFC51149FFF1FF16AE041B209368" ID-CoL="7B822" authority="Paulian 1979" authorityName="Paulian" authorityYear="1979" box="[136,522,308,332]" class="Insecta" family="Hybosoridae" genus="Synarmostes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="124" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="antsingyi">
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<emphasis id="B5A918541149FFF1FF16AE0418529368" box="[136,376,309,332]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="124">Synarmostes antsingyi</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="E34CB9B71149FFF1FEE0AE051B209368" author="Paulian R." box="[382,522,308,332]" pageId="19" pageNumber="124" pagination="57 - 82" refId="ref103349" refString="Paulian R. 1979. Insectes. Coleopteres Ceratocanthidae. Faune de Madagascar, 50: 57 - 82." type="journal article" year="1979">Paulian 1979</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="CFC797CD1149FFF1FF16AE6518CB9348" box="[136,481,340,364]" pageId="19" pageNumber="124" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8762C4461149FFF1FF16AE6518CB9348" blockId="19.[136,481,340,364]" box="[136,481,340,364]" pageId="19" pageNumber="124">
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(
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<figureCitation id="1FE6D8C31149FFF1FF0EAE6519CB9348" box="[144,225,340,364]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="28.[151,182,1858,1877]" captionTargetBox="[218,1376,187,1817]" captionTargetId="figure-13@28.[202,1393,156,1833]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="Fig. 16 – Synarmostes antsingyi (Tsingy de Bemaraha), a, dorsal view of distended specimen; b, ventral view of rolled up specimen; c, dorsal view of rolled up specimen; d, lateral view of rolled up specimen; Synarmostes beankae sp. nov., e, dorsal view of distended holotype; f, ventral view of rolled up paratype; g, dorsal view of rolled up paratype; h, lateral view of rolled up paratype." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12764200" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12764200/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="124">Figs 16</figureCitation>
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a-d, 17: a-b, 31 a-c, 35)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="CFC797CD1149FFF1FF16AEA419CE93C8" pageId="19" pageNumber="124" type="reference_group">
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||
<paragraph id="8762C4461149FFF1FF16AEA419CE93C8" blockId="19.[135,758,404,1932]" pageId="19" pageNumber="124">
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||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="A7CDE3681149FFF1FF16AEA419CE93C8" pageId="19" pageNumber="124">
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||
<taxonomicName id="40DDBFC51149FFF1FF16AEA4185D9388" ID-CoL="7B822" authorityName="Paulian" authorityYear="1979" box="[136,375,405,428]" class="Insecta" family="Hybosoridae" genus="Synarmostes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="124" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="antsingyi">
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<emphasis id="B5A918541149FFF1FF16AEA4185D9388" box="[136,375,405,428]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="124">Synarmostes antsingyi</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
:
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<treatmentCitation id="067CE2571149FFF1FE1AAEA51B1D9388" author="Paulian R." box="[388,567,404,428]" page="63" pageId="19" pageNumber="124" year="1979">
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<bibRefCitation id="E34CB9B71149FFF1FE1AAEA51B1D9388" author="Paulian R." box="[388,567,404,428]" pageId="19" pageNumber="124" pagination="57 - 82" refId="ref103349" refString="Paulian R. 1979. Insectes. Coleopteres Ceratocanthidae. Faune de Madagascar, 50: 57 - 82." type="journal article" year="1979">Paulian 1979: 63</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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||
(key, description, distribution, iconography);
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<treatmentCitation id="067CE2571149FFF1FE33AE851BD993E8" author="Ocampo F. C. & Ballerio A." box="[429,755,436,460]" page="190" pageId="19" pageNumber="124" year="2006">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="E34CB9B71149FFF1FE33AE851BD993E8" author="Ocampo F. C. & Ballerio A." box="[429,755,436,460]" pageId="19" pageNumber="124" pagination="178 - 209" refId="ref103138" refString="Ocampo F. C., Ballerio A. 2006. Phylogenetic analysis of the scarab family Hybosoridae and monographic revision of the New World subfamily Anaidinae (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea). 4. Catalog of the subfamilies Anaidinae, Ceratocanthinae, Hybosorinae, Liparochrinae, and Pachyplectrinae (Scarabaeoidea: Hybosoridae). Bulletin of the University of Nebraska State Museum, 19: 178 - 209." type="journal article" year="2006">Ocampo & Ballerio 2006: 190</bibRefCitation>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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(listing).
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="CFC797CD1149FFF1FF30AEC41B3D9188" pageId="19" pageNumber="124" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8762C4461149FFF1FF30AEC41B019008" blockId="19.[135,758,404,1932]" pageId="19" pageNumber="124">
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<typeStatus id="58667AE41149FFF1FF30AEC419C99029" box="[174,227,501,525]" pageId="19" pageNumber="124">Type</typeStatus>
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locality: “Antsalova, Antsingy, Rés. nat. 9” (now Parc National de Tsingy de Bemaraha).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8762C4461149FFF1FF30AD051B3D9188" blockId="19.[135,758,404,1932]" pageId="19" pageNumber="124">
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<emphasis id="B5A918541149FFF1FF30AD0518A79068" bold="true" box="[174,397,564,588]" pageId="19" pageNumber="124">Material examined.</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="37B5CE1B1149FFF1FE06AD05199A9088" collectingDate="1975-01" collectionCode="MNHN" collectorName="A. Peyrieras" country="Madagascar" county="Antsingy" determinerName="R. Paulian" location="Ouest" municipality="Antsalova" pageId="19" pageNumber="124" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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||
<typeStatus id="58667AE41149FFF1FE06AD0518D69068" box="[408,508,564,588]" pageId="19" pageNumber="124" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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||
,
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||
<specimenCount id="91DB0FCF1149FFF1FD95AD041B0B9068" box="[523,545,565,588]" count="1" pageId="19" pageNumber="124" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
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||
, in coll.
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||
<collectionCode id="E1CC5C831149FFF1FD17AD041BF49068" box="[649,734,565,588]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="19" pageNumber="124">MNHN</collectionCode>
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: /
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||
<collectingCountry id="FFCA84D61149FFF1FF16AD65182C9048" box="[136,262,596,620]" name="Madagascar" pageId="19" pageNumber="124">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
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<location id="8202929D1149FFF1FE92AD6518669048" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0F7475501149FFF1FF16AE041D219768:8202929D1149FFF1FE92AD6518669048" box="[268,332,596,620]" country="Madagascar" county="Antsingy" municipality="Antsalova" name="Ouest" pageId="19" pageNumber="124">Ouest</location>
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||
, S-P.
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||
<collectingMunicipality id="67065E3C1149FFF1FE1DAD6518DA9048" box="[387,496,596,620]" pageId="19" pageNumber="124">Antsalova</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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||
<collectingCounty id="6E03BCCA1149FFF1FE66AD651B739048" box="[504,601,596,620]" pageId="19" pageNumber="124">Antsingy</collectingCounty>
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, Rés. nat. 9,
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||
<collectorName id="2A28A1901149FFF1FD44AD6519C190A8" pageId="19" pageNumber="124">A. Peyrieras</collectorName>
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||
,
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||
<date id="F363E2861149FFF1FF68AD45181690A8" box="[246,316,628,652]" pageId="19" pageNumber="124" value="1975-01">
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||
<collectingDate id="E3271B6E1149FFF1FF68AD45181690A8" box="[246,316,628,652]" pageId="19" pageNumber="124" value="1975-01">I-1975</collectingDate>
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||
</date>
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||
/
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||
<taxonomicName id="40DDBFC51149FFF1FECAAD441B1590A8" authorityName="Ballerio" authorityYear="2021" box="[340,575,629,652]" class="Insecta" family="Hybosoridae" genus="Synarmostes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="124" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="antsingyi" status="sp. nov.">
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||
<emphasis id="B5A918541149FFF1FECAAD441B1590A8" box="[340,575,629,652]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="124">Synarmostes antsingyi</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="AE9AA52F1149FFF1FDD8AD441B5590A8" box="[582,639,629,652]" pageId="19" pageNumber="124" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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||
<determinerName id="72BE28821149FFF1FD18AD441BDF90A8" box="[646,757,628,652]" pageId="19" pageNumber="124">R. Paulian</determinerName>
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||
det.
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||
</materialsCitation>
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||
/
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||
<typeStatus id="58667AE41149FFF1FF53ADA518049088" box="[205,302,660,684]" pageId="19" pageNumber="124" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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||
/.
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||
<materialsCitation id="37B5CE1B1149FFF1FECFADA41B6E90E8" collectingDate="1975-01" collectionCode="MNHN" collectorName="A. Peyrieras" country="Madagascar" county="Antsingy" determinerName="R. Paulian" location="Ouest" municipality="Antsalova" pageId="19" pageNumber="124" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="paratype">
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||
<typeStatus id="58667AE41149FFF1FECFADA418919089" box="[337,443,661,685]" pageId="19" pageNumber="124" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
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||
: 14 exx. [
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||
<specimenCount id="91DB0FCF1149FFF1FDB1ADA51B709088" box="[559,602,660,684]" count="1" pageId="19" pageNumber="124" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
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||
dissected] (in
|
||
<collectionCode id="E1CC5C831149FFF1FF16AD8519F790E8" box="[136,221,692,716]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="19" pageNumber="124">MNHN</collectionCode>
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||
), same collecting data as holotype
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||
</materialsCitation>
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||
.
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||
<emphasis id="B5A918541149FFF1FDD3AD851B4690C8" bold="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="124">Other material examined (not belonging to the type series)</emphasis>
|
||
:
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||
<materialsCitation id="37B5CE1B1149FFF1FDE2ADE51B299188" collectingDate="2001-11-06" collectingDateMax="2001-11-10" collectingDateMin="2001-11-06" collectionCode="CASC, ABCB" country="Madagascar" county="Parc National Tsingy de Bemaraha" elevation="50" latitude="-19.141945" location="Tombeau Vazimba Elev." longLatPrecision="21" longitude="44.828056" municipality="Bekopaka" pageId="19" pageNumber="124" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-male="3" stateProvince="Mahajanga">
|
||
113 exx. [
|
||
<specimenCount id="91DB0FCF1149FFF1FD78ADE5199B9128" count="3" pageId="19" pageNumber="124" type="male">3 ♂♂</specimenCount>
|
||
dissected] (
|
||
<quantity id="402569A31149FFF1FEB1ADC5184F9128" box="[303,357,756,780]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4638" pageId="19" pageNumber="124" unit="in" value="97.0">97 in</quantity>
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||
<collectionCode id="E1CC5C831149FFF1FEF3ADC518989128" box="[365,434,756,780]" pageId="19" pageNumber="124">CASC</collectionCode>
|
||
and
|
||
<quantity id="402569A31149FFF1FE78ADC51B319128" box="[486,539,756,780]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.064" pageId="19" pageNumber="124" unit="in" value="16.0">16 in</quantity>
|
||
<collectionCode id="E1CC5C831149FFF1FDBFADC51B449128" box="[545,622,756,780]" pageId="19" pageNumber="124">ABCB</collectionCode>
|
||
): /
|
||
<collectingCountry id="FFCA84D61149FFF1FD10ADC519869108" name="Madagascar" pageId="19" pageNumber="124">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingRegion id="45190AA41149FFF1FF27AC2518449108" box="[185,366,788,812]" country="Madagascar" name="Mahajanga" pageId="19" pageNumber="124">Mahajanga Prov.</collectingRegion>
|
||
<collectingCounty id="6E03BCCA1149FFF1FEE8AC241BDA9108" box="[374,752,788,812]" pageId="19" pageNumber="124">Parc National Tsingy de Bemaraha</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="402569A31149FFF1FF16AC0519FA9168" box="[136,208,820,844]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.4" pageId="19" pageNumber="124" unit="km" value="3.4">3.4 km</quantity>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="E2E9A2811149FFF1FF4BAC0518259168" box="[213,271,820,844]" degrees="93" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="19" pageNumber="124" precision="55555" value="93.0">93° E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="67065E3C1149FFF1FE8BAC0518AA9168" box="[277,384,820,844]" pageId="19" pageNumber="124">Bekopaka</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8202929D1149FFF1FE17AC051BAF9168" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0F7475501149FFF1FF16AE041D219768:8202929D1149FFF1FE17AC051BAF9168" box="[393,645,820,844]" country="Madagascar" county="Parc National Tsingy de Bemaraha" latitude="-19.141945" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="44.828056" municipality="Bekopaka" name="Tombeau Vazimba Elev." pageId="19" pageNumber="124" stateProvince="Mahajanga">Tombeau Vazimba Elev.</location>
|
||
<quantity id="402569A31149FFF1FD14AC051B959168" box="[650,703,820,844]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="19" pageNumber="124" unit="m" value="50.0">
|
||
<elevation id="0CF023751149FFF1FD14AC051B959168" box="[650,703,820,844]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="19" pageNumber="124" unit="m" value="50.0">50 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
<date id="F363E2861149FFF1FD5AAC0519DC9148" pageId="19" pageNumber="124" value="2001-11-06" valueMax="2001-11-10" valueMin="2001-11-06">
|
||
<collectingDate id="E3271B6E1149FFF1FD5AAC0519DC9148" pageId="19" pageNumber="124" value="2001-11-06" valueMax="2001-11-10" valueMin="2001-11-06">6-10 Nov. 2001</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
/
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="E2E9A2811149FFF1FE95AC6518A49148" box="[267,398,852,876]" degrees="19" direction="south" minutes="8" orientation="latitude" pageId="19" pageNumber="124" precision="15" seconds="31" value="-19.141945">19° 8’ 31” S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="E2E9A2811149FFF1FE0BAC651B199148" box="[405,563,852,876]" degrees="044" direction="east" minutes="49" orientation="longitude" pageId="19" pageNumber="124" precision="15" seconds="41" value="44.828056">044° 49’ 41” E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
coll:
|
||
<location id="8202929D1149FFF1FDEEAC651B999148" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0F7475501149FFF1FF16AE041D219768:8202929D1149FFF1FDEEAC651B999148" box="[624,691,852,876]" country="Madagascar" county="Parc National Tsingy de Bemaraha" latitude="-19.141945" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="44.828056" municipality="Bekopaka" name="Fisher" pageId="19" pageNumber="124" stateProvince="Mahajanga">Fisher</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8202929D1149FFF1FD20AC65199791A8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0F7475501149FFF1FF16AE041D219768:8202929D1149FFF1FD20AC65199791A8" country="Madagascar" county="Parc National Tsingy de Bemaraha" latitude="-19.141945" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="44.828056" municipality="Bekopaka" name="Griswold" pageId="19" pageNumber="124" stateProvince="Mahajanga">Griswold</location>
|
||
et al.
|
||
<location id="8202929D1149FFF1FF64AC451B0891A8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0F7475501149FFF1FF16AE041D219768:8202929D1149FFF1FF64AC451B0891A8" box="[250,546,884,908]" country="Madagascar" county="Parc National Tsingy de Bemaraha" latitude="-19.141945" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="44.828056" municipality="Bekopaka" name="California Acad. of Sciences" pageId="19" pageNumber="124" stateProvince="Mahajanga">California Acad. of Sciences</location>
|
||
sifted litter, tropical dry forest collection code: BLF4232
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
/.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="CFC797CD1149FFF1FF30AC851D2A91E8" pageId="19" pageNumber="124" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8762C4461149FFF1FF30AC851D2A91E8" blockId="19.[135,758,404,1932]" lastBlockId="19.[816,1438,180,1356]" pageId="19" pageNumber="124">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5A918541149FFF1FF30AC85183791E8" bold="true" box="[174,285,948,972]" pageId="19" pageNumber="124">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40DDBFC51149FFF1FEB6AC841B3B91E8" authorityName="Ballerio" authorityYear="2021" box="[296,529,949,972]" class="Insecta" family="Hybosoridae" genus="Synarmostes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="124" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="antsingyi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5A918541149FFF1FEB6AC841B3B91E8" box="[296,529,949,972]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="124">Synarmostes antsingyi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be differentiated from all other species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40DDBFC51149FFF1FE19ACE41B2291C8" authorityName="Germar" authorityYear="1843" box="[391,520,981,1004]" class="Insecta" family="Hybosoridae" genus="Synarmostes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="124" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5A918541149FFF1FE19ACE41B2291C8" box="[391,520,981,1004]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="124">Synarmostes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the following combination of characters: a) small size, b) ventral ocular area small-sized, c) dorsal ocular area present, d) dorsal setation absent (20×), e) flightlessness, f) carinae of elytral apical third regular (without tubercles or other irregularities), g) scutellum with transverse comma-shaped punctation, h) pronotal punctation consisting of transverse short comma-shaped punctures or horseshoe-shaped punctures, i) pronotum with an anteromedian area smooth or with very sparse punctation, j) head with sparse shallow small simple punctation.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40DDBFC51149FFF1FD31ABC4181F9708" authorityName="Ballerio" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hybosoridae" genus="Synarmostes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="124" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="antsingyi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5A918541149FFF1FD31ABC4181F9708" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="124">Synarmostes antsingyi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
belongs to the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40DDBFC51149FFF1FE40AA241B169708" authorityName="Ballerio" authorityYear="2021" box="[478,572,1301,1324]" class="Insecta" family="Hybosoridae" genus="Synarmostes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="124" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="antsingyi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5A918541149FFF1FE40AA241B169708" box="[478,572,1301,1324]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="124">antsingyi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group of species and is very similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40DDBFC51149FFF1FEECAA0418D69768" authorityName="Ballerio" authorityYear="2021" box="[370,508,1332,1356]" class="Insecta" family="Hybosoridae" genus="Synarmostes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="124" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="monoculus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5A918541149FFF1FEECAA0418D69768" box="[370,508,1332,1356]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="124">S. monoculus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B5A918541149FFF1FD9CAA051B7D9768" bold="true" box="[514,599,1332,1356]" pageId="19" pageNumber="124">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="AE9AA52F1149FFF1FD9CAA051B7D9768" box="[514,599,1332,1356]" pageId="19" pageNumber="124" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(with whom it shares the shape of parameres) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40DDBFC51149FFF1FE70AA641B779748" authorityName="Ballerio" authorityYear="2021" box="[494,605,1364,1388]" class="Insecta" family="Hybosoridae" genus="Synarmostes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="124" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="beankae" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5A918541149FFF1FE70AA641B779748" box="[494,605,1364,1388]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="124">S. beankae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B5A918541149FFF1FDFDAA651B999748" bold="true" box="[611,691,1364,1388]" pageId="19" pageNumber="124">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="AE9AA52F1149FFF1FDFDAA651B999748" box="[611,691,1364,1388]" pageId="19" pageNumber="124" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, these two species however differ from it because of the lack of a smooth area on pronotal disc and the sparser elytral punctuation (and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40DDBFC51149FFF1FF7BAA84184697E8" authorityName="Ballerio" authorityYear="2021" box="[229,364,1460,1484]" class="Insecta" family="Hybosoridae" genus="Synarmostes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="124" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="monoculus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5A918541149FFF1FF7BAA84184697E8" box="[229,364,1460,1484]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="124">S. monoculus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B5A918541149FFF1FEECAA8518E997E8" bold="true" box="[370,451,1460,1484]" pageId="19" pageNumber="124">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="AE9AA52F1149FFF1FEECAA8518E997E8" box="[370,451,1460,1484]" pageId="19" pageNumber="124" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
also because of the absence of a dorsal ocular area).
|
||
<emphasis id="B5A918541149FFF1FEF9AAE518C697C8" bold="true" box="[359,492,1492,1516]" pageId="19" pageNumber="124">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
Size: HL =
|
||
<quantity id="402569A31149FFF1FDF5AAE51B9497C8" box="[619,702,1492,1516]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="19" pageNumber="124" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
; HW =
|
||
<quantity id="402569A31149FFF1FF02AAC519C79428" box="[156,237,1524,1548]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="19" pageNumber="124" unit="mm" value="1.1">1.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
; PL =
|
||
<quantity id="402569A31149FFF1FEB0AAC518559428" box="[302,383,1524,1548]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="19" pageNumber="124" unit="mm" value="0.9">0.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
; PW =
|
||
<quantity id="402569A31149FFF1FE57AAC51B309428" box="[457,538,1524,1548]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="19" pageNumber="124" unit="mm" value="1.7">1.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
; EL =
|
||
<quantity id="402569A31149FFF1FDC2AAC51B849428" box="[604,686,1524,1548]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="19" pageNumber="124" unit="mm" value="1.8">1.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
; EW =
|
||
<quantity id="402569A31149FFF1FF16A92519F09408" box="[136,218,1556,1580]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="19" pageNumber="124" unit="mm" value="1.7">1.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Overall morphology as in generic diagnosis. Small-sized flightless
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40DDBFC51149FFF1FEBDA904188E9468" authorityName="Germar" authorityYear="1843" box="[291,420,1589,1612]" class="Insecta" family="Hybosoridae" genus="Synarmostes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="124" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5A918541149FFF1FEBDA904188E9468" box="[291,420,1589,1612]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="124">Synarmostes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Body convex. Dark-brown with bronze sheen, shiny, dorsum glabrous (20×), underside, tarsi and antennae reddish-brown, setation yellowish-brown.
|
||
<emphasis id="B5A918541149FFF1FF16A9A519EA9488" box="[136,192,1684,1708]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="124">Head</emphasis>
|
||
: W/L ratio = 1.54, clypeal apex obtuse, apical projection small but distinctly protruding and sharp; dorsal ocular area small, interocular distance about 27 times the maximum width of dorsal ocular area, ventral ocular area small; head dorsal surface, except vertex, uniformly covered by small fine impressed simple punctures. Fore margin with one or two irregular transverse large comma-shaped punctures. Interpunctural distance of impressed simple punctures irregular: four to six times larger than their width. Vertex smooth with one continuous transverse impressed line.
|
||
<emphasis id="B5A918541149FFF1FB0DAFE41DD292C8" box="[1171,1272,213,236]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="124">Pronotum</emphasis>
|
||
: subrectangular (W/L ratio = 1.80), regularly convex, pronotal surface almost uniformly punctured, only sides, base and a small area on anterior portion of disc almost impunctate; punctures mostly comma-shaped, each one bearing a simple puncture internally, comma-shaped punctures transverse on disc and longitudinal at sides. Interpunctural distance mostly shorter than or as long as punctural width.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40DDBFC51149FFF1FBD0AE851D9993E8" box="[1102,1203,436,460]" class="Trilobita" family="Styginidae" genus="Scutellum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Corynexochida" pageId="19" pageNumber="124" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5A918541149FFF1FBD0AE851D9993E8" box="[1102,1203,436,460]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="124">Scutellum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: with some transverse comma-shaped punctures.
|
||
<emphasis id="B5A918541149FFF1FBD0AEE51DA793C8" box="[1102,1165,468,492]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="124">Elytra</emphasis>
|
||
: longer than wide (W/L ratio = 0.88); subovoidal (dorsal view); inferior sutural stria reaching humeral area although under the form of a very shallow fine line; humeral callus indistinct; elytral surface regularly convex, uniformly covered by relatively dense irregular punctation. Interpunctural distance once or twice the maximum width of punctures. Punctures comma-shaped, small and transverse near base and sides of elytra, becoming larger and sometimes longitudunal or anstomizing on distal third, each one having a simple setigerous puncture internally. Elytral distal third with eight raised longitudinal carinae (excluding elytral suture), sometimes having a longitudinal shallow line among them.
|
||
<emphasis id="B5A918541149FFF1FB74AC641C1E9148" box="[1258,1332,853,876]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="124">Wings:</emphasis>
|
||
flightless (apterous).
|
||
<emphasis id="B5A918541149FFF1FC33AC451D6791A8" box="[941,1101,884,908]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="124">Male genitalia</emphasis>
|
||
: aedeagus (L =
|
||
<quantity id="402569A31149FFF1FA9BAC451C7191A8" box="[1285,1371,884,908]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="19" pageNumber="124" unit="mm" value="0.8">0.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
) with parameres as in
|
||
<figureCitation id="1FE6D8C31149FFF1FC79ACA51D109188" box="[999,1082,916,940]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="43.[136,167,1885,1904]" captionTargetBox="[136,1450,199,1856]" captionTargetId="figure-4@43.[124,1461,194,1869]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="Fig. 31 – Aedeagi and spicula gastrales, a–c, Synarmostes antsingyi (Tsingy de Bemaraha); d–f, Synarmostes beankae sp. nov., holotype; g–i, Synarmostes bekaraokae sp. nov., holotype; j–l, Synarmostes caterinae sp. nov., holotype; m–o, Synarmostes monoculus sp. nov., holotype." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12764235" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12764235/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="124">Figs 31</figureCitation>
|
||
a-b, spiculum gastrale (L =
|
||
<quantity id="402569A31149FFF1FAE5ACA51A7191E8" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="19" pageNumber="124" unit="mm" value="0.7">0.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
) as in
|
||
<figureCitation id="1FE6D8C31149FFF1FC3CAC851AD691E8" box="[930,1020,948,972]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="43.[136,167,1885,1904]" captionTargetBox="[136,1450,199,1856]" captionTargetId="figure-4@43.[124,1461,194,1869]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="Fig. 31 – Aedeagi and spicula gastrales, a–c, Synarmostes antsingyi (Tsingy de Bemaraha); d–f, Synarmostes beankae sp. nov., holotype; g–i, Synarmostes bekaraokae sp. nov., holotype; j–l, Synarmostes caterinae sp. nov., holotype; m–o, Synarmostes monoculus sp. nov., holotype." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12764235" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12764235/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="124">Fig. 31c</figureCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="CFC797CD1149FFF1FCC8ACE51D069608" pageId="19" pageNumber="124" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8762C4461149FFF1FCC8ACE51D069608" blockId="19.[816,1438,180,1356]" pageId="19" pageNumber="124">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5A918541149FFF1FCC8ACE51AFD91C8" bold="true" box="[854,983,980,1004]" pageId="19" pageNumber="124">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
Noun in the genitive case. Paulian did not provide the etymology of the name, which obviously refers to the
|
||
<typeStatus id="58667AE41149FFF1FC3CAB241AFA9609" box="[930,976,1045,1069]" pageId="19" pageNumber="124">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="CFC797CD1149FFF1FCC8AB051D219768" pageId="19" pageNumber="124" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8762C4461149FFF1FCC8AB051D219768" blockId="19.[816,1438,180,1356]" pageId="19" pageNumber="124">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5A918541149FFF1FCC8AB051D5F9668" bold="true" box="[854,1141,1076,1100]" pageId="19" pageNumber="124">Distribution and habitat.</emphasis>
|
||
Known only from the
|
||
<typeStatus id="58667AE41149FFF1FAF0AB041CB69669" box="[1390,1436,1077,1101]" pageId="19" pageNumber="124">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality in western
|
||
<collectingCountry id="FFCA84D61149FFF1FC62AB651D579648" box="[1020,1149,1108,1132]" name="Madagascar" pageId="19" pageNumber="124">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="1FE6D8C31149FFF1FB15AB651DF19648" box="[1163,1243,1108,1132]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="169.[712,743,1858,1877]" captionTargetBox="[144,1444,166,1830]" captionTargetId="figure-4@169.[141,1447,163,1034]" captionTargetPageId="169" captionText="Fig. 94 – Habitat, Tsingy de Bemaraha (photos by Brian Fisher), habitat of Synarmostes antsingyi, a, an example of an average Winkler mass sifting set by Brian Fisher and collaborators, b–c, two views of the karst forest." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12764386" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12764386/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="124">Fig. 94</figureCitation>
|
||
). Specimens were collected by sifting litter in dry tropical forest. The vegetation cover of the area, a large limestone massif, is classified as “Dry deciduous forest” (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E34CB9B71149FFF1FBE3AB851C4A96E8" author="Goodman S. M. & Raherilalao M. J. & Wohlhauser S." box="[1149,1376,1204,1228]" pageId="19" pageNumber="124" refId="ref102713" refString="Goodman S. M., Raherilalao M. J., Wohlhauser S. (eds). 2018. Les aires potegees terrestres de Madagascar: leur histoire, description et biote / The terrestrial protected areas of Madagascar: their history, description and biota. Association Vahatra, Antananarivo. 1716 pp." type="book" year="2018">Goodman et al. 2018</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), also known as “Western dry forest” (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E34CB9B71149FFF1FB18ABE51C4896C8" author="Moat J. & Smith P." box="[1158,1378,1236,1260]" pageId="19" pageNumber="124" refId="ref103114" refString="Moat J., Smith P. 2007. Atlas of the vegetation of Madagascar. Royal Botanic Garden, Kew 124 pp." type="book" year="2007">Moat & Smith 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The collecting locality falls within the protected area “Parc National de Tsingy de Bemaraha”, called “Antsingy d’Ants- alova” in past times.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |