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<mods:title id="A88539AA01DC376052B17B0477CE2AE8">Revision of fossil Bibionidae (Insecta: Diptera) from the Miocene of Radoboj, Croatia</mods:title>
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<treatment id="C6550F6A9516FF8423B1FE93FE67E3E1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3810467" ID-GBIF-Taxon="163437701" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3810467" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C6550F6A9516FF8423B1FE93FE67E3E1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C6550F6A9516FF8423B1FE93FE67E3E1" lastPageNumber="361" pageId="10" pageNumber="361">
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<paragraph id="4E43BE7C9516FF8423B1FE93FE5FE1F6" blockId="10.[151,464,369,396]" box="[151,464,369,396]" pageId="10" pageNumber="361">
<heading id="150B09109516FF8423B1FE93FE5FE1F6" bold="true" box="[151,464,369,396]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="361" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="89FCC5FF9516FF8423B1FE93FE5FE1F6" ID-CoL="9HM5T" authority="(Heer, 1849)" authorityName="Skartveit &amp; Nel" authorityYear="2017" baseAuthorityName="Heer" baseAuthorityYear="1849" box="[151,464,369,396]" class="Insecta" family="Bibionidae" genus="Plecia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="361" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morio">
<emphasis id="7C88626E9516FF8423B1FE93FE5FE1F6" bold="true" box="[151,464,369,396]" pageId="10" pageNumber="361">
<emphasis id="7C88626E9516FF8423B1FE93FEBEE1F6" bold="true" box="[151,305,369,396]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="361">Plecia morio</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="2A6DC38D9516FF842266FE93FE47E1F6" author="Heer, O." box="[320,456,369,395]" pageId="10" pageNumber="361" refId="ref11225" refString="Heer, O. (1849) Die Insektenfauna der Tertiargebilde von Oeningen und von Radoboj in Croatien. Zweite Theil: Heuschrecken, Florfliegen, Aderflugler, Schmetterlinge und Fliegen. W. Engelmann, Leipzig, 264 + XVII pp." type="book" year="1849">Heer, 1849</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="4E43BE7C9516FF8423B1FE57FE4EE1B0" blockId="10.[151,586,437,492]" box="[151,449,437,461]" pageId="10" pageNumber="361">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="6EEC99529516FF8423B1FE57FE4EE1B0" box="[151,449,437,461]" pageId="10" pageNumber="361">
<treatmentCitation id="CF5D986D9516FF8423B1FE57FE32E1B0" author="Heer, O." box="[151,445,437,461]" page="222" pageId="10" pageNumber="361" year="1849">
<taxonomicName id="89FCC5FF9516FF8423B1FE57FE32E1B0" ID-CoL="8B74N" authority="Heer, 1849: 222" authorityName="Heer" authorityPageNumber="222" authorityYear="1849" box="[151,445,437,461]" class="Insecta" family="Bibionidae" genus="Bibio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="361" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morio">
<emphasis id="7C88626E9516FF8423B1FE57FE9EE1B0" box="[151,273,437,461]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="361">Bibio morio</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="2A6DC38D9516FF842231FE54FE32E1B0" author="Heer, O." box="[279,445,437,461]" pageId="10" pageNumber="361" refId="ref11225" refString="Heer, O. (1849) Die Insektenfauna der Tertiargebilde von Oeningen und von Radoboj in Croatien. Zweite Theil: Heuschrecken, Florfliegen, Aderflugler, Schmetterlinge und Fliegen. W. Engelmann, Leipzig, 264 + XVII pp." type="book" year="1849">Heer, 1849: 222</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4E43BE7C9516FF8423B1FE36FDC5E191" blockId="10.[151,586,437,492]" box="[151,586,467,492]" pageId="10" pageNumber="361">
<taxonomicName id="89FCC5FF9516FF8423B1FE36FDC5E191" ID-CoL="9HM5T" authority="(Heer) Skartveit &amp; Nel, 2017" authorityName="Skartveit &amp; Nel" authorityYear="2017" baseAuthorityName="Heer" baseAuthorityYear="1849" box="[151,586,467,492]" class="Insecta" family="Bibionidae" genus="Plecia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="361" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morio">
<emphasis id="7C88626E9516FF8423B1FE36FE94E191" box="[151,283,468,492]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="361">Plecia morio</emphasis>
(Heer)
<bibRefCitation id="2A6DC38D9516FF84224CFE31FDC5E191" author="Skartveit, J. &amp; Nel, A." box="[362,586,467,492]" pageId="10" pageNumber="361" pagination="1 - 83" refId="ref11587" refString="Skartveit, J. &amp; Nel, A. (2017) Revision of fossil Bibionidae (Insecta: Diptera) from French Oligocene deposits. Zootaxa, 4225 (1), 1 - 83. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4225.1.1" type="journal article" year="2017">Skartveit &amp; Nel, 2017</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
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<paragraph id="4E43BE7C9516FF8423B1FDF9FE67E3E1" blockId="10.[151,1437,538,925]" pageId="10" pageNumber="361">
<typeStatus id="914700DE9516FF8423B1FDF9FF40E248" box="[151,207,539,565]" pageId="10" pageNumber="361">Type</typeStatus>
material: We have not found any
<typeStatus id="914700DE9516FF84216FFDF9FDF6E248" box="[585,633,539,565]" pageId="10" pageNumber="361">type</typeStatus>
material of this species from Radoboj; specimens identified as this species have turned out to be various other species, none of which fit Heers description of the species well.
<bibRefCitation id="2A6DC38D9516FF842612FDDDFE93E201" author="Pongracz, A." pageId="10" pageNumber="361" pagination="197 - 228" refId="ref11524" refString="Pongracz, A. (1928) Die fossilen Insekten von Ungarn, mit besonderen Berucksichtigung der Entwicklung der Europaischen Insekten-fauna. Annales historico-naturales Musei Nationalis Hungarici, 20, 197 - 228." type="journal article" year="1928">Pongracz (1928: 183)</bibRefCitation>
attempted to redescribe the species based on a specimen from «wiener Geologischen Bundesanstalt» (currently,
<collectionCode id="28ED26B99516FF842237FD64FEDEE2DD" box="[273,337,646,672]" pageId="10" pageNumber="361">GBA</collectionCode>
). Pongraczs figure 38 does not resemble any known genus and obviously is based on misinterpretation of the wing venation. Though the species was described in a publication dealing principally with Öhningen and Radoboj, specimens from Aix-en-Provence were mentioned in the original description (
<bibRefCitation id="2A6DC38D9516FF842781FD2CFAD1E295" author="Heer, O." box="[1191,1374,718,744]" pageId="10" pageNumber="361" refId="ref11225" refString="Heer, O. (1849) Die Insektenfauna der Tertiargebilde von Oeningen und von Radoboj in Croatien. Zweite Theil: Heuschrecken, Florfliegen, Aderflugler, Schmetterlinge und Fliegen. W. Engelmann, Leipzig, 264 + XVII pp." type="book" year="1849">Heer 1849: 222</bibRefCitation>
). The species was redescribed by
<bibRefCitation id="2A6DC38D9516FF8422F7FD10FD58E371" author="Skartveit, J. &amp; Nel, A." box="[465,727,754,780]" pageId="10" pageNumber="361" pagination="1 - 83" refId="ref11587" refString="Skartveit, J. &amp; Nel, A. (2017) Revision of fossil Bibionidae (Insecta: Diptera) from French Oligocene deposits. Zootaxa, 4225 (1), 1 - 83. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4225.1.1" type="journal article" year="2017">Skartveit &amp; Nel (2017)</bibRefCitation>
based on a specimen from Aix-en-Provence, we have not succeeded in locating any specimens from Radoboj, though Heers illustration (
<bibRefCitation id="2A6DC38D9516FF8420D4FCF4FBE2E34D" author="Heer, O." box="[1010,1133,790,816]" pageId="10" pageNumber="361" refId="ref11225" refString="Heer, O. (1849) Die Insektenfauna der Tertiargebilde von Oeningen und von Radoboj in Croatien. Zweite Theil: Heuschrecken, Florfliegen, Aderflugler, Schmetterlinge und Fliegen. W. Engelmann, Leipzig, 264 + XVII pp." type="book" year="1849">Heer 1849</bibRefCitation>
, pl. XVI,
<figureCitation id="D6C7A2F99516FF8427FBFCF4FAA3E34D" box="[1245,1324,790,816]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1064,1089]" captionTargetBox="[222,1365,181,1038]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[222,1365,181,1038]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 13. Bibio giganteus, female, syntype of Bibio maculatus, SLJG 77476." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3741202" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3741202/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="361">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
) suggests they would at least be habitually similar to the Aix specimens. Since there is now thought to be a more than 10 MYr difference in age between the localities of Aix-en-Provence and Radoboj, the presence of the same species from both localities seems dubious.
</paragraph>
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