treatments-xml/data/22/74/3F/22743F51FFC47251FF6E9771FB20F79C.xml

<document id="2594520BCEF766331EAFD9886C48BC8C" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.607.3.1" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8243217" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="jonas" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="jonas" checkinTime="1691940184813" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Jiménez, Marco M., Vélez-Abarca, Leisberth, Mashendo-Jimbicti, Viviana, Garzón-Suárez, Henry X., Monteros, Marco F. &amp; Wilson, Mark" docDate="2023" docId="22743F51FFC47251FF6E9771FB20F79C" docLanguage="en" docName="phytotaxa.607.3.1.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 607 (3)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.607.3.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9.6:Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="6" docTitle="Pleurothallis kashi-menkakarai Mashendo-Jimbicti, Velez-Abarca &amp; M. M. Jimenez 2023, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="1" lastPageNumber="164" masterDocId="DE4D4729FFC57252FFE69365FFEEFF92" masterDocTitle="Five new species of Pleurothallis (Orchidaceae: Pleurothallidinae) in subsection Macrophyllae-Fasciculatae from Southeastern Ecuador" masterLastPageNumber="181" masterPageNumber="161" pageNumber="162" updateTime="1692036938414" updateUser="jonas" zenodo-license-figures="UNSPECIFIED" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
<mods:mods id="43A230A242C6C5055AB4BFD2C3B12D48" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="ACB577DE9DB1C89BC35295E0DBAECBB9">
<mods:title id="683E927B88485DF2D5C8FA5E4B9D55A7">Five new species of Pleurothallis (Orchidaceae: Pleurothallidinae) in subsection Macrophyllae-Fasciculatae from Southeastern Ecuador</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="C89F1544349FD228899CBBE55F4385B0" type="personal">
<mods:role id="2F6D39A5B1A975E4C1B9D5F5C44603E4">
<mods:roleTerm id="B365B844C00865895EC2713CA251CB10">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="F6B50A80BCC116BE496823C84769E1D4">Jiménez, Marco M.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="EE7D3F2C928C131021BCE6FF724D41F8" type="ORCID">0000-0002-9502-5651</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="D6A01BE746A9B6C11EBD5A6DECF3EBA9">Grupo de Investigación en Medio Ambiente y Salud (BIOMAS), Ingeniería en Agroindustria, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad de Las Américas, Vía a Nayón, Quito 170124, Ecuador &amp; Grupo Científico Calaway Dodson: Investigación y Conservación de Orquídeas del Ecuador, Quito, 170510, Pichincha, Ecuador &amp; Herbario HUTPL, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja, San Cayetano Alto s / n 11 - 01 - 608, Loja, Ecuador, Ecuador &amp; marco. jimenez. leon @ udla. edu. ec; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 9502 - 5651</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="0F5639DDA276E20C0FB4F3D4996D6D80" type="email">marco.jimenez.leon@udla.edu.ec</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="2C1929E2AF2E4A625F07AE014BD49D89" type="personal">
<mods:role id="0DC87124358E806E6C9CA159CBFFDAAA">
<mods:roleTerm id="7C345CED3743CEE99404B21F221FF119">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="55694131646BCD90B8E829E3E18DA7C7">Vélez-Abarca, Leisberth</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="1357B2D9E378E2B2428DA2A57D660FF4" type="ORCID">0000-0003-3764-9682</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="1ACBB4195E51F53A0563238ED2BAEB49">Grupo Científico Calaway Dodson: Investigación y Conservación de Orquídeas del Ecuador, Quito, 170510, Pichincha, Ecuador &amp; Herbario HUTPL, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja, San Cayetano Alto s / n 11 - 01 - 608, Loja, Ecuador, Ecuador &amp; leis. alexis 92 @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 3764 - 9682</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="00C496332B77402AB7E1B055FC66E026" type="email">leis.alexis92@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="B59B8972968B8FD93637D5A934EFBF16" type="personal">
<mods:role id="4F8E7150BF8130830697EE4302E8CF89">
<mods:roleTerm id="00A29801444F7CE9460DF56B2CBFF541">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="9DEC49E1ECF54B166438BD1AF8F28321">Mashendo-Jimbicti, Viviana</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="00B03679DE216C91DA5547051019BB40" type="ORCID">0000-0003-3857-9129</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="73F3B21D6AD4167C5873D137EE364F6C">Grupo Científico Calaway Dodson: Investigación y Conservación de Orquídeas del Ecuador, Quito, 170510, Pichincha, Ecuador &amp; alexa. vivi @ outlook. es; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 3857 - 9129</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="5361985479C04D79B9B4E006313BB092" type="email">alexa.vivi@outlook.es</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="FAB09C87975160566F0030923AC69E9F" type="personal">
<mods:role id="26D24BBA399113CCF591080E8B6835DD">
<mods:roleTerm id="F4AEDF3B6F5B60D65D22C583F610A9DE">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="BB30458430908E78D7CCF4DB4A61F979">Garzón-Suárez, Henry X.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="18D873D9C936FEECCBC863545D152A65" type="ORCID">0000-0003-4049-1652</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="AF31284665C73F96E597DEAB65A60678">Grupo Científico Calaway Dodson: Investigación y Conservación de Orquídeas del Ecuador, Quito, 170510, Pichincha, Ecuador &amp; Herbario Azuay, Facultad de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad del Azuay, Av. 24 de Mayo 7 - 77 y Hernán Malo, Cuenca, Ecuador &amp; Herbario HUTPL, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja, San Cayetano Alto s / n 11 - 01 - 608, Loja, Ecuador, Ecuador &amp; hg _ palaco 14 @ hotmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 4049 - 1652</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="30C3C1039B0ECA31375D59AA80EEE7A3" type="email">hg_palaco14@hotmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="986FB37CE04A6D12886B29E7C875DB1A" type="personal">
<mods:role id="9B587A6856957F839633F3C5D6904751">
<mods:roleTerm id="A8A887BEE4AEDE7D2E33A331BF964BBA">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="14ECE46AA2A32D54B696808B80D1446F">Monteros, Marco F.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="60DCAD13CD11FD18F1860ABCA5E1372B" type="ORCID">0000-0002-6670-3687</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="E5AD8858FBDA4CB38580C0726DBB7245">Grupo Científico Calaway Dodson: Investigación y Conservación de Orquídeas del Ecuador, Quito, 170510, Pichincha, Ecuador &amp; Fundación EcoMinga, 270 12 de noviembre and Luis A Martínez, Baños, Tungurahua, Ecuador &amp; Reserva: The Youth Land Trust, Washington, D. C., USA &amp; marcomonteros 24 @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6670 - 3687</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="935C8850249C4B171B156BFA088D518F" type="email">marcomonteros24@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="D782A636054863FEAEF7D637A015F04C" type="personal">
<mods:role id="35AE2C8DEF8F670C0D35FEA2BC458A9C">
<mods:roleTerm id="9443F120921C0853490717693E3F7411">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="C36135B248CB10926A8F8E029BFED456">Wilson, Mark</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="4D5C633CB14C52AD7A6859CF3F43CE0A" type="ORCID">0000-0003-3044-7471</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="32BC9911BDE7E32888F5A3AEEA8E4F42">Department of Organismal Biology and Ecology, Colorado College, Colorado Springs, CO 80903, USA &amp; mwilson @ coloradocollege. edu; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 3044 - 7471</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="CDD3364244511DBB4DC09A94CF3A8E5E" type="email">mwilson@coloradocollege.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="BC5A191A12C4BC3A815AF27D90102107">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="57B04D97E9D6A16722901C5BC3E3AEA3" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="F69F492255A8016B6DEBBEDCAC017A84">
<mods:title id="EDC99F01457C41136CC05913BA916593">Phytotaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="061C4E3A6CD73C04A7554174352D925E">
<mods:date id="EAF666E4ED95A187B3D464A9B84D89AB">2023</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="E3D1CA1E86BCBEA312234127A05398FF" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="07A3352187E65B9A02BF9D93654627C7">2023-08-09</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="FA519D3715884A17CD4A615DC697EB06" type="volume">
<mods:number id="2ECC1F7CDE74E086395FC8213C7E32B3">607</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="9AD16CB23F5FE674D2D4E1A884B60734" type="issue">
<mods:number id="C356A69EF54964F4F099F1AE48C470A4">3</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="0B1519A6EC0465585BB0CBB9CBF90CC2" unit="page">
<mods:start id="36D41AAB6A49E7C2E21DB8A147E60BB8">161</mods:start>
<mods:end id="2D449658D90C426517A5CCAB1DF1C732">181</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location id="12AA8C66A804A96F04CCD6404D356A55">
<mods:url id="029FC6865D93D6F28A6B36A6ABF68C95">http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.607.3.1</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification id="D49997EFB48BA94CCEC107593C3E348D">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="8A1A57D0C67415E91EE8E7CD936B733F" type="DOI">10.11646/phytotaxa.607.3.1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="3FA69613A54FFD514E01B0C2B4D4AB6E" type="ISSN">1179-3163</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="BBDEBF35740844E2C18F1384EFC0A3F3" type="Zenodo-Dep">8243217</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="22743F51FFC47251FF6E9771FB20F79C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:22743F51FFC47251FF6E9771FB20F79C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/22743F51FFC47251FF6E9771FB20F79C" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="164" pageId="1" pageNumber="162">
<subSubSection id="E2C7DDCCFFC47253FF6E9771FABAFBBC" box="[136,1364,1044,1070]" pageId="1" pageNumber="162" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="AA628E47FFC47253FF6E9771FABAFBBC" blockId="1.[136,1364,1044,1070]" box="[136,1364,1044,1070]" pageId="1" pageNumber="162">
1. 
<taxonomicName id="6DDDF5C4FFC47253FF429771FBA1FBBC" authority="Mashendo-Jimbicti, Velez-Abarca &amp; M.M.Jimenez" authorityName="Mashendo-Jimbicti, Velez-Abarca &amp; M. M. Jimenez" authorityYear="2023" box="[164,1103,1044,1070]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Pleurothallis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="1" pageNumber="162" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="kashi-menkakarai" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="98A95255FFC47253FF429771FDEBFBBC" box="[164,517,1044,1070]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="162">Pleurothallis kashi-menkakarai</emphasis>
Mashendo-Jimbicti, Vélez-Abarca &amp; M.M.Jiménez
</taxonomicName>
, 
<emphasis id="98A95255FFC47253FBBC9770FB41FBBC" box="[1114,1199,1045,1070]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="162">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="839AEF2EFFC47253FBBC9770FB41FBBC" box="[1114,1199,1045,1070]" pageId="1" pageNumber="162" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="32E692C2FFC47253FB5B9771FAA8FBBC" box="[1213,1350,1044,1070]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStartId-0="2.[136,229,1738,1760]" captionStartId-1="3.[136,229,1139,1161]" captionTargetBox-0="[242,1346,203,1701]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1436,281,1115]" captionTargetId-0="figure-24@2.[242,1346,190,1714]" captionTargetId-1="figure-61@3.[151,1436,281,1115]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionTargetPageId-1="3" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Pleurothallis kashi-menkakarai A. Habit. B. Flower. C. Dissected perianth. D. Ovary, column and lip in lateral view. E. Lip adaxial and abaxial views. F. Column in lateral view. Illustration by Vélez-Abarca based on the type." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Floral comparison of A. Pleurothallis kashi-menkakarai and B. P. fossulata C. Different color forms of Pleurothallis kashimenkakarai D. Column with ovary in lateral view (uppermost), lip in adaxial view (left) and lateral view (right) of Pleurothallis kashimenkarai. Elaborated by L. Vélez-Abarca from photos: A, C (left) and D by M.M. Jiménez based on the type and M. Jiménez 1190B by Mark Wilson based on a cultivated plant, C (right) by L. Vélez-Abarca based on M. Jiménez 1191." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8243219" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8243221" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/8243219/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/8243221/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="162">Figures 1–2</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="E2C7DDCCFFC47253FF6E9739FCA3FB08" pageId="1" pageNumber="162" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="AA628E47FFC47253FF6E9739FCA3FB08" blockId="1.[136,1452,1116,1971]" pageId="1" pageNumber="162">
<materialsCitation id="1AB5841AFFC47253FF6E9739FCA3FB08" collectingDate="2021-10-23" collectionCode="HUTPL" collectorName="L. Velez" country="Ecuador" elevation="1302" latitude="-3.6422222" location="Cordillera del Condor" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-78.51028" municipality="El Pangui" pageId="1" pageNumber="162" specimenCode="HUTPL 14771" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Zamora Chinchipe" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="98A95255FFC47253FF6E9739FF06FBE4" bold="true" box="[136,232,1116,1142]" pageId="1" pageNumber="162">Type:—</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="D2CACED7FFC47253FF0E9739FE9DFBE4" box="[232,371,1116,1142]" name="Ecuador" pageId="1" pageNumber="162">ECUADOR</collectingCountry>
. 
<collectingRegion id="681940A5FFC47253FE989738FDBAFBE4" box="[382,596,1116,1143]" country="Ecuador" name="Zamora-Chinchipe" pageId="1" pageNumber="162">Zamora Chinchipe</collectingRegion>
: 
<collectingMunicipality id="4A06143DFFC47253FDB89739FD21FBE4" box="[606,719,1116,1142]" pageId="1" pageNumber="162">El Pangui</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<location id="AF02D89CFFC47253FD3C9739FC3EFBE4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:22743F51FFC47251FF6E9771FB20F79C:AF02D89CFFC47253FD3C9739FC3EFBE4" box="[730,976,1116,1142]" country="Ecuador" latitude="-3.6422222" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-78.51028" municipality="El Pangui" name="Cordillera del Condor" pageId="1" pageNumber="162" stateProvince="Zamora Chinchipe">Cordillera del Cóndor</location>
flank, 
<geoCoordinate id="CFE9E880FFC47253FBF99739FB4FFBE4" box="[1055,1185,1116,1142]" degrees="3" direction="south" minutes="38" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="162" precision="15" seconds="32" value="-3.6422222">3°38’32’’ S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="CFE9E880FFC47253FB489739FAAAFBE5" box="[1198,1348,1116,1143]" degrees="78" direction="west" minutes="30" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="162" precision="15" seconds="37" value="-78.51028">78°30’37” W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity id="6D2523A2FFC47253FAA99739FA49FBE5" box="[1359,1447,1116,1143]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.302" pageId="1" pageNumber="162" unit="m" value="1302.0">
<elevation id="21F06974FFC47253FAA99739FA49FBE5" box="[1359,1447,1116,1143]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.302" pageId="1" pageNumber="162" unit="m" value="1302.0">1302 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<date id="DE63A887FFC47253FF6E97E5FEA9FB08" box="[136,327,1152,1178]" pageId="1" pageNumber="162" value="2021-10-23">
<collectingDate id="CE27516FFFC47253FF6E97E5FEA9FB08" box="[136,327,1152,1178]" pageId="1" pageNumber="162" value="2021-10-23">23 October 2021</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<emphasis id="98A95255FFC47253FEB497E4FDFDFB08" box="[338,531,1152,1178]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="162">
<collectorName id="0728EB91FFC47253FEB497E4FE43FB08" box="[338,429,1152,1178]" pageId="1" pageNumber="162">L. Vélez</collectorName>
LV-0069
</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus id="756630E5FFC47253FDC497E5FD64FB08" box="[546,650,1152,1178]" pageId="1" pageNumber="162">holotype</typeStatus>
: 
<specimenCode id="FA7B263CFFC47253FD7297E4FCAFFB08" box="[660,833,1152,1179]" pageId="1" pageNumber="162">HUTPL 14771</specimenCode>
!)
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="E2C7DDCCFFC47253FF5B97C1FD10FAB8" pageId="1" pageNumber="162" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="AA628E47FFC47253FF5B97C1FD10FAB8" blockId="1.[136,1452,1116,1971]" pageId="1" pageNumber="162">
Similar to 
<taxonomicName id="6DDDF5C4FFC47253FED297C1FD05FB2C" authority="Luer &amp; Escobar" authorityName="Luer &amp; Escobar" authorityYear="1998" box="[308,747,1188,1215]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Pleurothallis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="1" pageNumber="162" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fossulata">
<emphasis id="98A95255FFC47253FED297C1FDDFFB2C" box="[308,561,1188,1214]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="162">Pleurothallis fossulata</emphasis>
Luer &amp; Escobar
</taxonomicName>
from which it differs by its shorter, elliptic dorsal sepal (
<quantity id="6D2523A2FFC47253FA8D97C1FF5AFB71" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.75" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="7.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="162" unit="mm" value="7.75" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="7.5">7.5–8 mm</quantity>
<emphasis id="98A95255FFC47253FF5D97ACFF37FB70" box="[187,217,1225,1250]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="162">vs.</emphasis>
<quantity id="6D2523A2FFC47253FF0697ADFEC0FB71" box="[224,302,1224,1251]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="1" pageNumber="162" unit="mm" value="11.0">11 mm</quantity>
long, oblong), shorter, translucent green synsepal (6.5–7.0 mm 
<emphasis id="98A95255FFC47253FC1F97ACFBF6FB70" box="[1017,1048,1225,1250]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="162">vs.</emphasis>
<quantity id="6D2523A2FFC47253FBF997ADFB80FB71" box="[1055,1134,1224,1251]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="162" unit="mm" value="10.0">10 mm</quantity>
long, red brown), crenulate, verrucose petals, equal in length to the lip (
<emphasis id="98A95255FFC47253FD859788FD6CFA94" box="[611,642,1261,1286]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="162">vs.</emphasis>
entire, glabrous, shorter than the lip), and involute, thickened, verrucose, crenulate lip margins (
<emphasis id="98A95255FFC47253FE629674FE4DFAB8" box="[388,419,1297,1322]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="162">vs.</emphasis>
revolute, thin, smooth, entire).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="E2C7DDCCFFC47253FF5B9651FD5FF820" pageId="1" pageNumber="162" type="description">
<paragraph id="AA628E47FFC47253FF5B9651FD5FF820" blockId="1.[136,1452,1116,1971]" pageId="1" pageNumber="162">
<emphasis id="98A95255FFC47253FF5B9651FE83FADC" bold="true" box="[189,365,1332,1358]" pageId="1" pageNumber="162">Description:—</emphasis>
<emphasis id="98A95255FFC47253FE8B9651FE44FADC" box="[365,426,1332,1358]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="162">Plant</emphasis>
epiphytic, caespitose, to 
<quantity id="6D2523A2FFC47253FD309651FCCEFADD" box="[726,800,1332,1359]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="162" unit="cm" value="30.0">30 cm</quantity>
tall. 
<emphasis id="98A95255FFC47253FC849650FC4CFADC" box="[866,930,1333,1358]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="162">Roots</emphasis>
slender, white, flexuous, 
<quantity id="6D2523A2FFC47253FB349651FAF6FADD" box="[1234,1304,1332,1359]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="162" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
in diameter. 
<emphasis id="98A95255FFC47253FF6E963DFF10FAE0" box="[136,254,1368,1394]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="162">Ramicauls</emphasis>
erect, green, 8.9–20.1 long and 
<quantity id="6D2523A2FFC47253FD96963DFD50FAE1" box="[624,702,1368,1395]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="162" unit="cm" value="0.1">0.1 cm</quantity>
in diameter enclosed by two papyraceous sheaths at the base and one below the middle. 
<emphasis id="98A95255FFC47253FE779618FE31FA04" box="[401,479,1405,1430]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="162">Leaves</emphasis>
6.6–11.0 × 
<quantity id="6D2523A2FFC47253FD8A9619FD00FA05" box="[620,750,1404,1431]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3" metricValueMax="4.5" metricValueMin="2.1" pageId="1" pageNumber="162" unit="cm" value="3.3" valueMax="4.5" valueMin="2.1">2.1–4.5 cm</quantity>
, sessile, coriaceous, erect to suberect, ovate, long acuminate, shiny, cordate at the base, with faintly raised lateral nerves, margin revolute, purplish. 
<emphasis id="98A95255FFC47253FBB196C5FB03FA28" box="[1111,1261,1440,1466]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="162">Inflorescence</emphasis>
single-flowered, resupinate, produced in a successive fascicle from a reclining spathaceous bract to 
<quantity id="6D2523A2FFC47253FBD596A1FB6EFA4D" box="[1075,1152,1476,1503]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="1" pageNumber="162" unit="cm" value="1.4">1.4 cm</quantity>
long; peduncle abbreviate ca. 
<quantity id="6D2523A2FFC47253FF48968DFF00F991" box="[174,238,1512,1539]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="162" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
long, concealed within a spathaceous bract, floral bract tubular ca. 
<quantity id="6D2523A2FFC47253FC31968DFBF9F991" box="[983,1047,1512,1539]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="162" unit="mm" value="4.0">4 mm</quantity>
long, pedicel cylindrical, verrucose, straight, 3.9–5.0 mm long. 
<emphasis id="98A95255FFC47253FE529569FE13F9B4" box="[436,509,1548,1574]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="162">Sepals</emphasis>
glandulous-cellular, translucent yellow to reddish brown with red-brown and yellow veins, rarely in almost purely translucent yellow; dorsal sepal 7.5–8 × 4.5–5.0 mm, broadly elliptic, obtuse, concave, 3-veined; lateral sepals connate into a broadly ovate, subacute, synsepal, 6.5–7.0 × 4.5–5.0 mm, 4-veined, slightly concave at the base; 
<emphasis id="98A95255FFC47253FE8A951DFE5CF900" box="[364,434,1656,1682]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="162">Petals</emphasis>
4.5–5.0 × 0.9–1.0 mm, narrowly oblong, slightly falcate at the base, acute, inconspicuously 1-veined, papillose-verrucose, reddish brown to red purple, rarely tan yellow, margins yellow and crenulate-erose. 
<emphasis id="98A95255FFC47253FA6095F8FA45F924" box="[1414,1451,1693,1718]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="162">Lip</emphasis>
5 × 
<quantity id="6D2523A2FFC47253FF5795A5FED7F949" box="[177,313,1728,1755]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" metricValueMax="2.7" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="162" unit="mm" value="2.6" valueMax="2.7" valueMin="2.5">2.5–2.7 mm</quantity>
, shortly unguiculate, oblong-ovate, obtuse and incurved at the apex, slightly convex above the middle, 3-veined abaxially, papillose-verrucose, reddish brown to red-purple, rarely tan yellow, margins crenulate, thickened, purple; the base concave, hinged to the column-foot; a small, narrowly elliptic glenion in the middle. 
<emphasis id="98A95255FFC47253FB1B946DFAB8F8B0" box="[1277,1366,1800,1826]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="162">Column</emphasis>
purple, stout, complanate, papillose, 2.0 mm long, 
<quantity id="6D2523A2FFC47253FD8E9449FD01F8D5" box="[616,751,1836,1863]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="162" unit="mm" value="1.65" valueMax="1.8" valueMin="1.5">1.5–1.8 mm</quantity>
wide, 2-channeled dorsally, widening to the base, column-foot glandulous, paler. 
<emphasis id="98A95255FFC47253FEB29435FE4EF8F8" box="[340,416,1872,1898]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="162">Anther</emphasis>
narrowly obovate, purplish with a touch of yellow, papillose, stigma apical, bilobed, 
<quantity id="6D2523A2FFC47253FAB09435FA42F8F9" box="[1366,1452,1872,1899]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="162" unit="mm" value="0.7">0.7 mm</quantity>
long. 
<emphasis id="98A95255FFC47253FF2F9411FECDF81C" box="[201,291,1908,1934]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="162">Pollinia</emphasis>
2, clavate, 
<quantity id="6D2523A2FFC47253FE409411FE13F81D" box="[422,509,1908,1935]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="162" unit="mm" value="0.6">0.6 mm</quantity>
long. 
<emphasis id="98A95255FFC47253FDA39411FD65F81C" box="[581,651,1908,1934]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="162">Ovary</emphasis>
cylindrical, subverrucose, brownish purple, slightly curved at the joint with the pedicel, 
<quantity id="6D2523A2FFC47253FEAF94FDFE3EF821" box="[329,464,1944,1971]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.05" metricValueMax="4.6" metricValueMin="3.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="162" unit="mm" value="4.05" valueMax="4.6" valueMin="3.5">3.5–4.6 mm</quantity>
long, 
<quantity id="6D2523A2FFC47253FDF094FDFD82F821" box="[534,620,1944,1971]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="162" unit="mm" value="0.8">0.8 mm</quantity>
wide.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="FEA2DECFFFC77250FF6E95AFFBBFF896" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8243219" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8243219" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8243219/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="163" startId="2.[136,229,1738,1760]" targetBox="[242,1346,203,1701]" targetPageId="2" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="AA628E47FFC77250FF6E95AFFBBFF896" blockId="2.[136,1451,1738,1796]" pageId="2" pageNumber="163">
<emphasis id="98A95255FFC77250FF6E95AFFF10F94D" bold="true" box="[136,254,1738,1760]" pageId="2" pageNumber="163">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="6DDDF5C4FFC77250FEE295AFFC93F972" authority="A. Habit. B. Flower. C. Dissected" box="[260,893,1738,1760]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Pleurothallis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="2" pageNumber="163" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="kashi-menkakarai">
<emphasis id="98A95255FFC77250FEE295AFFDDCF94D" box="[260,562,1738,1759]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="163">Pleurothallis kashi-menkakarai</emphasis>
<emphasis id="98A95255FFC77250FDDF95AFFDBEF94D" bold="true" box="[569,592,1738,1759]" pageId="2" pageNumber="163">A.</emphasis>
Habit. 
<emphasis id="98A95255FFC77250FD7E95AFFD40F94D" bold="true" box="[664,686,1738,1759]" pageId="2" pageNumber="163">B.</emphasis>
Flower. 
<emphasis id="98A95255FFC77250FCE595AFFCF4F972" bold="true" box="[771,794,1738,1760]" pageId="2" pageNumber="163">C.</emphasis>
Dissected
</taxonomicName>
perianth. 
<emphasis id="98A95255FFC77250FC3995AFFC18F94D" bold="true" box="[991,1014,1738,1759]" pageId="2" pageNumber="163">D.</emphasis>
Ovary, column and lip in lateral view. 
<emphasis id="98A95255FFC77250FA8895AFFA6AF94D" bold="true" box="[1390,1412,1738,1759]" pageId="2" pageNumber="163">E.</emphasis>
Lip adaxial and abaxial views. 
<emphasis id="98A95255FFC77250FE6D958BFE70F891" bold="true" box="[395,414,1774,1795]" pageId="2" pageNumber="163">F.</emphasis>
Column in lateral view. Illustration by Vélez-Abarca based on the type.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="E2C7DDCCFFC77251FF5B9457FDBEFE92" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="164" pageId="2" pageNumber="163" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="AA628E47FFC77251FF5B9457FDBEFE92" blockId="2.[136,1452,1842,2085]" lastBlockId="3.[136,1452,158,257]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="164" pageId="2" pageNumber="163">
<emphasis id="98A95255FFC77250FF5B9457FE03F8DF" bold="true" box="[189,493,1842,1869]" pageId="2" pageNumber="163">Distribution and ecology:</emphasis>
— 
<taxonomicName id="6DDDF5C4FFC77250FDEF9456FC85F8DF" box="[521,875,1843,1869]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Pleurothallis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="2" pageNumber="163" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="kashi-menkakarai">
<emphasis id="98A95255FFC77250FDEF9456FC85F8DF" box="[521,875,1843,1869]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="163">Pleurothallis kashi-menkakarai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is known from two locations within the Cordillera del Cóndor in south-eastern 
<collectingCountry id="D2CACED7FFC77250FE2D9432FDC6F8E3" box="[459,552,1879,1905]" name="Ecuador" pageId="2" pageNumber="163">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
(
<figureCitation id="32E692C2FFC77250FDDE9432FD75F8E3" box="[568,667,1879,1905]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[136,229,1911,1933]" captionTargetBox="[163,1423,203,1874]" captionTargetId="figure-24@4.[151,1435,190,1887]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Distribution map of Pleurothallis kashi-menkakarai (black circle), P. lapoi (black square), P. marioandresavilae (black star), P. sabanillae (black cross), P. saueri (also black square), P. tinajillensis (black diamond) in Ecuador and mining threats (red squares). Map by Henry X. Garzón." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8243223" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8243223/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="163">Figure 3</figureCitation>
). The species is found around 
<quantity id="6D2523A2FFC77250FC1F9432FBBEF8E3" box="[1017,1104,1879,1905]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="2" pageNumber="163" unit="m" value="1400.0">1400 m</quantity>
in elevation in lower montane forests near watercourses of sandstone plateaus. The 
<typeStatus id="756630E5FFC77250FD04941EFCAAF807" box="[738,836,1915,1941]" pageId="2" pageNumber="163">holotype</typeStatus>
of this species was found growing sympatrically with 
<taxonomicName id="6DDDF5C4FFC77250FF6E94FAFDDDF82A" authority="Dodson (1994 a: 69)" authorityName="Dodson" authorityPageNumber="69" authorityYear="1994" box="[136,563,1950,1977]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Maxillaria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="2" pageNumber="163" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="grayi">
<emphasis id="98A95255FFC77250FF6E94FAFEAAF82A" box="[136,324,1951,1977]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="163">Maxillaria grayi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="CE4CF3B6FFC77250FEAB94FAFDDDF82A" author="Dodson, C. H." box="[333,563,1950,1977]" pageId="2" pageNumber="163" pagination="51 - 96" refId="ref8395" refString="Dodson, C. H. (1994 a) New orchid species and combinations from Ecuador 3. Orquideologia 19: 51 - 96." type="journal article" year="1994">Dodson (1994a: 69)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="6DDDF5C4FFC77250FDA694FAFB51F82B" authority="(Ruiz &amp; Pavon 1798: 234) Lindley (1830: 5)" authorityName="Lindley" authorityPageNumber="5" authorityYear="1830" baseAuthorityName="Ruiz &amp; Pavon" baseAuthorityPageNumber="234" baseAuthorityYear="1798" box="[576,1215,1950,1977]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Pleurothallis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="2" pageNumber="163" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cordata">
<emphasis id="98A95255FFC77250FDA694FAFD5AF82B" box="[576,692,1951,1977]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="163">P. cordata</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="CE4CF3B6FFC77250FD2294FAFC08F82B" author="Ruiz, H. &amp; Pavon, J." box="[708,998,1951,1977]" pageId="2" pageNumber="163" refId="ref10209" refString="Ruiz, H. &amp; Pavon, J. (1798) Systema vegetabilium Florae Peruvianae et Chilensis, characteres prodromi genericos differentiales, specierum omnium differentias, durationem, loca natalia, tempus florendi, nomina vernacula, vires etusus nonnullis illustrationibus interspersis complectens. Typis Gabrielis de Sancha. Madrid. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 887" type="book" year="1798">Ruiz &amp; Pavón 1798: 234</bibRefCitation>
) 
<bibRefCitation id="CE4CF3B6FFC77250FC1094FAFB51F82B" author="Lindley, J." box="[1014,1215,1950,1977]" pageId="2" pageNumber="163" pagination="5" refId="ref9110" refString="Lindley, J. (1830) Pleurothallis cordata. In: The Genera and Species of Orchideaceous Plants. London, Ridgways, pp. 5. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 120492" type="book chapter" year="1830">Lindley (1830: 5)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="6DDDF5C4FFC77250FB1F94FAFEE3F84F" authority="Luer (1981: 200)" authorityName="Luer" authorityPageNumber="200" authorityYear="1981" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Pleurothallis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="2" pageNumber="163" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="adeleae">
<emphasis id="98A95255FFC77250FB1F94FAFA80F82B" box="[1273,1390,1951,1977]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="163">P. adeleae</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="CE4CF3B6FFC77250FA9094FAFEE3F84F" author="Luer, C. A." pageId="2" pageNumber="163" pagination="197 - 240" refId="ref9250" refString="Luer, C. A. (1981) Miscellaneous new species and combinations in the Pleurothallidinae (Orchidaceae). Phytologia 49: 197 - 240. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 15137" type="journal article" year="1981">Luer (1981: 200)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, between the lower and middle strata of the forest. This forest is characterized by a mixture of Andean and lowland trees of the Amazon, where the canopy can grow up to 
<quantity id="6D2523A2FFC77250FCA99482FC69F793" box="[847,903,2023,2049]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="163" unit="m" value="30.0">30 m</quantity>
in height and the understory is dense. It was also found growing together with 
<taxonomicName id="6DDDF5C4FFC77250FE3F9B6EFC5BF7B7" authority="Reichenbach (1859: 330)" authorityName="Reichenbach" authorityPageNumber="330" authorityYear="1859" box="[473,949,2058,2085]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Dichaea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="2" pageNumber="163" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="histrio">
<emphasis id="98A95255FFC77250FE3F9B6EFD64F7B7" box="[473,650,2059,2085]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="163">Dichaea histrio</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="CE4CF3B6FFC77250FD759B6EFC5BF7B7" author="Reichenbach, H. G." box="[659,949,2058,2085]" pageId="2" pageNumber="163" pagination="330" refId="ref10161" refString="Reichenbach, H. G. (1859) Nederlandsch Kruidkundig Archief. Verslangen en Mededelingen der Nederlandsche Botanische Vereeniging 4: 330." type="journal article" year="1859">Reichenbach (1859: 330)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="6DDDF5C4FFC77250FC259B6EFA94F7B6" authority="Dodson (1994 b: 146)" authorityName="Dodson" authorityPageNumber="146" authorityYear="1994" box="[963,1402,2058,2085]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Epilyna" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="2" pageNumber="163" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="embreei">
<emphasis id="98A95255FFC77250FC259B6EFB92F7B7" box="[963,1148,2059,2085]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="163">Epilyna embreei</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="CE4CF3B6FFC77250FB609B6EFA94F7B6" author="Dodson, C. H." box="[1158,1402,2058,2085]" pageId="2" pageNumber="163" pagination="123 - 149" refId="ref8421" refString="Dodson, C. H. (1994 b) New orchid species and combinations from Ecuador 2. Orquideologia 19: 123 - 149." type="journal article" year="1994">Dodson (1994b: 146)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="6DDDF5C4FFC67251FF6E93FBFCBAFF2B" authority="(Reichenbach 1878: 9) Garay (1962: 527)" authorityName="Garay" authorityPageNumber="527" authorityYear="1962" baseAuthorityName="Reichenbach" baseAuthorityPageNumber="9" baseAuthorityYear="1878" box="[136,852,158,185]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Maxillaria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="164" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bicallosa">
<emphasis id="98A95255FFC67251FF6E93FBFE81FF2A" box="[136,367,158,184]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="164">Maxillaria bicallosa</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="CE4CF3B6FFC67251FE9893FBFD9EFF2A" author="Reichenbach, H. G." box="[382,624,158,184]" pageId="3" pageNumber="164" pagination="9" refId="ref10185" refString="Reichenbach, H. G. (1878) 36. Zygopetalum (Kefersteinia) bicallosum. Otia Botanica Hamburgensia 1: 9." type="journal article" year="1878">Reichenbach 1878: 9</bibRefCitation>
) 
<bibRefCitation id="CE4CF3B6FFC67251FD6693FBFCBAFF2B" author="Garay, L. A." box="[640,852,158,185]" pageId="3" pageNumber="164" pagination="517 - 529" refId="ref8782" refString="Garay, L. A. (1962) Studies in American Orchids, V. Caldasia: 517 - 529." type="book chapter" year="1962">Garay (1962: 527)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, over the roots of 
<taxonomicName id="6DDDF5C4FFC67251FBC293FAFE40FF4E" authority="(Martius 1824: 36) Wendland (1860: 103)" authorityName="Wendland" authorityPageNumber="103" authorityYear="1860" baseAuthorityName="Martius" baseAuthorityPageNumber="36" baseAuthorityYear="1824" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Socratea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="3" pageNumber="164" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="exorrhiza">
<emphasis id="98A95255FFC67251FBC293FAFB15FF2A" box="[1060,1275,158,185]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="164">Socratea exorrhiza</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="CE4CF3B6FFC67251FAEC93FBFF4BFF4E" author="Martius, C. F. P." pageId="3" pageNumber="164" pagination="36 - 37" refId="ref9658" refString="Martius, C. F. P. (1824) 1. Iriartea exorhiza Tab. 33. 34. Historia Naturalis Palmarum 2: 36 - 37." type="journal article" year="1824">Martius 1824: 36</bibRefCitation>
) 
<bibRefCitation id="CE4CF3B6FFC67251FF5293A7FE40FF4E" author="Wendland, H. A." box="[180,430,194,220]" pageId="3" pageNumber="164" pagination="103" refId="ref10511" refString="Wendland, H. A. (1860) Bemerkungen ¸ ber einige Palmengattungen Amerika's. Ueber Iriartea R. &amp; P. und die ihr zunachst stehenden Gattung mit Einschluss von Wettinia Poepp. &amp; Endl. Bonplandia 8: 103." type="journal article" year="1860">Wendland (1860: 103)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
palms, in a nearby location. This species has been only recorded in the province of 
<collectingRegion id="681940A5FFC67251FAB293A6FF15FE92" country="Ecuador" name="Zamora-Chinchipe" pageId="3" pageNumber="164">Zamora Chinchipe</collectingRegion>
and is considered as endemic.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="FEA2DECFFFC67251FF6E9716FBD5FB66" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8243221" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8243221" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8243221/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="164" startId="3.[136,229,1139,1161]" targetBox="[151,1436,281,1115]" targetPageId="3" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="AA628E47FFC67251FF6E9716FBD5FB66" blockId="3.[136,1452,1139,1269]" pageId="3" pageNumber="164">
<emphasis id="98A95255FFC67251FF6E9716FF10FB1A" bold="true" box="[136,254,1139,1161]" pageId="3" pageNumber="164">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
Floral comparison of 
<emphasis id="98A95255FFC67251FE359716FE05FB1A" bold="true" box="[467,491,1139,1160]" pageId="3" pageNumber="164">A.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="6DDDF5C4FFC67251FE169716FCF1FB1A" box="[496,799,1139,1160]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Pleurothallis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="164" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="kashi-menkakarai">
<emphasis id="98A95255FFC67251FE169716FCF1FB1A" box="[496,799,1139,1160]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="164">Pleurothallis kashi-menkakarai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<emphasis id="98A95255FFC67251FCAB9716FC8AFB1A" bold="true" box="[845,868,1139,1160]" pageId="3" pageNumber="164">B.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="6DDDF5C4FFC67251FC969711FBB7FB1B" authority="C. Different" authorityName="C. Different" box="[880,1113,1139,1161]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Pleurothallis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="164" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fossulata">
<emphasis id="98A95255FFC67251FC969711FC30FB1A" box="[880,990,1139,1161]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="164">P. fossulata</emphasis>
<emphasis id="98A95255FFC67251FC029716FC15FB1B" bold="true" box="[996,1019,1139,1161]" pageId="3" pageNumber="164">C.</emphasis>
Different
</taxonomicName>
color forms of 
<taxonomicName id="6DDDF5C4FFC67251FB089716FE82FB3F" authority="D. Column" authorityName="D. Column" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Pleurothallis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="164" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="kashimenkakarai">
<emphasis id="98A95255FFC67251FB089716FF17FB3E" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="164">Pleurothallis kashimenkakarai</emphasis>
<emphasis id="98A95255FFC67251FEE697F2FEF6FB3E" bold="true" box="[256,280,1175,1196]" pageId="3" pageNumber="164">D.</emphasis>
Column
</taxonomicName>
with ovary in lateral view (uppermost), lip in adaxial view (left) and lateral view (right) of 
<taxonomicName id="6DDDF5C4FFC67251FB0B97F2FF0DFB42" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Pleurothallis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="164" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="kashimenkarai">
<emphasis id="98A95255FFC67251FB0B97F2FF0DFB42" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="164">Pleurothallis kashimenkarai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Elaborated by L. Vélez-Abarca from photos: A, C (left) and D by M.M. Jiménez based on the type and M. Jiménez 1190B by Mark Wilson based on a cultivated plant, C (right) by L. Vélez-Abarca based on M. Jiménez 1191.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="E2C7DDCCFFC67251FF5B9641FA81FAF0" pageId="3" pageNumber="164" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="AA628E47FFC67251FF5B9641FA81FAF0" blockId="3.[136,1452,1316,2062]" pageId="3" pageNumber="164">
<emphasis id="98A95255FFC67251FF5B9641FEA6FAAC" bold="true" box="[189,328,1316,1342]" pageId="3" pageNumber="164">Etymology:</emphasis>
—From the words 
<emphasis id="98A95255FFC67251FDFE9641FDBDFAAC" box="[536,595,1316,1342]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="164">kashi</emphasis>
(night), and 
<emphasis id="98A95255FFC67251FD399641FC8DFAAC" box="[735,867,1316,1342]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="164">menkakarai</emphasis>
(lost), meaning “lost at night” in the Shuar language, because the new species was discovered at night when researchers were lost in the forest of a Shuar community.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="E2C7DDCCFFC67251FF5B960EFD95F8EC" pageId="3" pageNumber="164" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="AA628E47FFC67251FF5B960EFBD3F910" blockId="3.[136,1452,1316,2062]" pageId="3" pageNumber="164">
<emphasis id="98A95255FFC67251FF5B960EFE3AFA17" bold="true" box="[189,468,1387,1413]" pageId="3" pageNumber="164">Taxonomic discussion:</emphasis>
— 
<taxonomicName id="6DDDF5C4FFC67251FE169609FCB4FA14" box="[496,858,1388,1414]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Pleurothallis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="164" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="kashi-menkakarai">
<emphasis id="98A95255FFC67251FE169609FCB4FA14" box="[496,858,1388,1414]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="164">Pleurothallis kashi-menkakarai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is similar to 
<taxonomicName id="6DDDF5C4FFC67251FBF79609FE25FA38" authority="Ames &amp; C. Schweinfurth (1925: 23 - 24)" authorityName="Ames &amp; C. Schweinfurth" authorityPageNumber="23 - 24" authorityYear="1925" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Pleurothallis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="164" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="angusta">
<emphasis id="98A95255FFC67251FBF79609FAE2FA14" box="[1041,1292,1388,1414]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="164">Pleurothallis angusta</emphasis>
Ames &amp; C. Schweinfurth (1925: 23–24)
</taxonomicName>
from 
<collectingCountry id="D2CACED7FFC67251FDF396F5FD7FFA38" box="[533,657,1424,1450]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="3" pageNumber="164">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
and 
<taxonomicName id="6DDDF5C4FFC67251FD2B96F4FCBFFA38" box="[717,849,1424,1450]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Pleurothallis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="164" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fossulata">
<emphasis id="98A95255FFC67251FD2B96F4FCBFFA38" box="[717,849,1424,1450]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="164">P. fossulata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from 
<collectingCountry id="D2CACED7FFC67251FC7D96F5FBE7FA38" box="[923,1033,1424,1450]" name="Colombia" pageId="3" pageNumber="164">Colombia</collectingCountry>
with which it shares flowers with a maroon-burgundy colored lip, a triangular, cream-colored area between the apex and edges of the lip and glenion and two calli flanking the deep glenion. The new species is distinguished from 
<taxonomicName id="6DDDF5C4FFC67251FC0196BDFB09FA60" box="[999,1255,1496,1522]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Pleurothallis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="164" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fossulata">
<emphasis id="98A95255FFC67251FC0196BDFB09FA60" box="[999,1255,1496,1522]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="164">Pleurothallis fossulata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="32E692C2FFC67251FB1196BDFAB4FA60" box="[1271,1370,1496,1522]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[136,229,1139,1161]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,281,1115]" captionTargetId="figure-61@3.[151,1436,281,1115]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Floral comparison of A. Pleurothallis kashi-menkakarai and B. P. fossulata C. Different color forms of Pleurothallis kashimenkakarai D. Column with ovary in lateral view (uppermost), lip in adaxial view (left) and lateral view (right) of Pleurothallis kashimenkarai. Elaborated by L. Vélez-Abarca from photos: A, C (left) and D by M.M. Jiménez based on the type and M. Jiménez 1190B by Mark Wilson based on a cultivated plant, C (right) by L. Vélez-Abarca based on M. Jiménez 1191." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8243221" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8243221/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="164">Figure 2</figureCitation>
) by its smaller plants (
<quantity id="6D2523A2FFC67251FED59699FE97F984" box="[307,377,1532,1558]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="164" unit="cm" value="30.0">30 cm</quantity>
<emphasis id="98A95255FFC67251FE669698FE70F984" box="[384,414,1533,1558]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="164">vs.</emphasis>
<quantity id="6D2523A2FFC67251FE439699FE04F984" box="[421,490,1532,1558]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.2" pageId="3" pageNumber="164" unit="cm" value="42.0">42 cm</quantity>
tall), the narrower (3.0– 
<quantity id="6D2523A2FFC67251FD1C9699FCA8F984" box="[762,838,1532,1559]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" pageId="3" pageNumber="164" unit="cm" value="4.5">4.5 cm</quantity>
<emphasis id="98A95255FFC67251FCAB9698FC82F984" box="[845,876,1533,1558]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="164">vs.</emphasis>
<quantity id="6D2523A2FFC67251FC949699FC2BF984" box="[882,965,1532,1559]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="164" unit="cm" value="6.0" valueMax="7.0" valueMin="5.0">5–7 cm</quantity>
wide), cordate, attenuate leaves (
<emphasis id="98A95255FFC67251FADA9698FAB4F984" box="[1340,1370,1533,1558]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="164">vs.</emphasis>
deeply cordate, acuminate), the shorter pedicel (3.9–5.0 mm 
<emphasis id="98A95255FFC67251FD049544FCEEF9A8" box="[738,768,1569,1594]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="164">vs.</emphasis>
<quantity id="6D2523A2FFC67251FCEE9545FCB9F9A8" box="[776,855,1568,1594]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="164" unit="mm" value="10.0">10 mm</quantity>
long), the shorter ovary (3.5–4.6 
<emphasis id="98A95255FFC67251FB349544FB1EF9A8" box="[1234,1264,1569,1594]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="164">vs.</emphasis>
<quantity id="6D2523A2FFC67251FB119545FAD7F9A8" box="[1271,1337,1568,1594]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="164" unit="mm" value="6.0">6 mm</quantity>
long), the one flower produced per fascicle (
<emphasis id="98A95255FFC67251FDE99520FDC3F9CC" box="[527,557,1605,1630]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="164">vs.</emphasis>
to 2–3 often simultaneous), the non-dilated petals (
<emphasis id="98A95255FFC67251FB9D9520FB74F9CC" box="[1147,1178,1605,1630]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="164">vs.</emphasis>
dilated at the base), the subacute synsepal (
<emphasis id="98A95255FFC67251FE84950CFE6EF910" box="[354,384,1641,1666]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="164">vs.</emphasis>
obtuse) and the strongly incurved apex of the lip (
<emphasis id="98A95255FFC67251FC50950CFC3BF910" box="[950,981,1641,1666]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="164">vs.</emphasis>
convex).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AA628E47FFC67251FF5B95E9FD95F8EC" blockId="3.[136,1452,1316,2062]" pageId="3" pageNumber="164">
It is also similar to 
<taxonomicName id="6DDDF5C4FFC67251FE7995E9FD7DF934" authorityName="Ames &amp; C. Schweinfurth" authorityYear="1925" box="[415,659,1676,1702]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Pleurothallis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="164" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="angusta">
<emphasis id="98A95255FFC67251FE7995E9FD7DF934" box="[415,659,1676,1702]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="164">Pleurothallis angusta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
but is distinguished by the smaller plants (
<quantity id="6D2523A2FFC67251FB6495E9FB25F934" box="[1154,1227,1676,1702]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="164" unit="cm" value="30.0">30 cm</quantity>
<emphasis id="98A95255FFC67251FB3295E8FB1DF934" box="[1236,1267,1677,1702]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="164">vs.</emphasis>
<quantity id="6D2523A2FFC67251FB1A95E9FAADF934" box="[1276,1347,1676,1703]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="164" unit="cm" value="50.0">50 cm</quantity>
tall), the shorter (6.6–11.0 cm 
<emphasis id="98A95255FFC67251FE9D95D4FE77F958" box="[379,409,1713,1738]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="164">vs.</emphasis>
8.0– 
<quantity id="6D2523A2FFC67251FE3295D5FDC0F958" box="[468,558,1712,1739]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" pageId="3" pageNumber="164" unit="cm" value="16.5">16.5 cm</quantity>
wide), ovate, long-acuminate leaves (
<emphasis id="98A95255FFC67251FC3995D4FC10F958" box="[991,1022,1713,1738]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="164">vs.</emphasis>
lanceolate, acute), the shorter pedicel (3.9–5.0 mm 
<emphasis id="98A95255FFC67251FEF995B0FED0F97C" box="[287,318,1749,1774]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="164">vs.</emphasis>
<quantity id="6D2523A2FFC67251FEA395B1FE7AF97C" box="[325,404,1748,1774]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="3" pageNumber="164" unit="mm" value="14.0">14 mm</quantity>
long), the shorter ovary (
<quantity id="6D2523A2FFC67251FD5695B1FCD7F97C" box="[688,825,1748,1775]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.05" metricValueMax="4.6" metricValueMin="3.5" pageId="3" pageNumber="164" unit="mm" value="4.05" valueMax="4.6" valueMin="3.5">3.5–4.6 mm</quantity>
<emphasis id="98A95255FFC67251FCA695B0FCB0F97C" box="[832,862,1749,1774]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="164">vs.</emphasis>
5.0–7.0 mm long), the translucent yellow or reddish brown flowers (
<emphasis id="98A95255FFC67251FED8959CFEB2F880" box="[318,348,1785,1810]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="164">vs.</emphasis>
dark purple), the shorter (
<quantity id="6D2523A2FFC67251FD6F959DFD22F880" box="[649,716,1784,1810]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="164" unit="mm" value="8.0">8 mm</quantity>
<emphasis id="98A95255FFC67251FD32959CFD1CF880" box="[724,754,1785,1810]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="164">vs.</emphasis>
<quantity id="6D2523A2FFC67251FD1C959DFCA4F880" box="[762,842,1784,1810]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="3" pageNumber="164" unit="mm" value="11.0">11 mm</quantity>
long), broadly elliptic, obtuse dorsal sepal (
<emphasis id="98A95255FFC67251FAA7959CFAB1F880" box="[1345,1375,1785,1810]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="164">vs.</emphasis>
ovate, acute), the 4-veined synsepal (
<emphasis id="98A95255FFC67251FE069478FE10F8A4" box="[480,510,1821,1846]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="164">vs.</emphasis>
5-veined), the smaller (4.5–5.0 × 0.9–1.0 mm 
<emphasis id="98A95255FFC67251FBE89478FBC3F8A4" box="[1038,1069,1821,1846]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="164">vs.</emphasis>
6.3–7.0 × 1.5–2.0 mm), narrowly oblong, acute petals (
<emphasis id="98A95255FFC67251FE909424FE7AF8C8" box="[374,404,1857,1882]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="164">vs.</emphasis>
falcate, obtuse), the lip with crenulate margins (
<emphasis id="98A95255FFC67251FC4B9424FC22F8C8" box="[941,972,1857,1882]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="164">vs.</emphasis>
minutely ciliate) and the narrowly obovate anther cap (
<emphasis id="98A95255FFC67251FEEA9400FEC5F8EC" box="[268,299,1893,1918]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="164">vs.</emphasis>
obtriangular) (
<bibRefCitation id="CE4CF3B6FFC67251FE349401FD80F8EC" author="Pupulin, F. &amp; Aguilar, J. &amp; Belfort-Oconitrillo, N. &amp; Diaz-Morales, M. &amp; Bogarin, D." box="[466,622,1892,1918]" pageId="3" pageNumber="164" pagination="203 - 295" refId="ref10040" refString="Pupulin, F., Aguilar, J., Belfort-Oconitrillo, N., Diaz-Morales, M. &amp; Bogarin, D. (2021) Florae Costaricensis subtribui Pleurothallidinis (Orchidaceae) Prodromus II. Systematics of the Pleurothallis cardiothallis and P. phyllocardia groups, and other related groups of Pleurothallis with large vegetative habit. Harvard Papers in Botany 26: 203 - 295. https: // doi. org / 10.3100 / hpib. v 26 iss 1.2021. n 14" type="journal article" year="2021">Pupulin 2021</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="E2C7DDCCFFC67251FF5B94E2FB20F79C" pageId="3" pageNumber="164" type="conservation">
<paragraph id="AA628E47FFC67251FF5B94E2FB20F79C" blockId="3.[136,1452,1316,2062]" pageId="3" pageNumber="164">
<emphasis id="98A95255FFC67251FF5B94E2FE59F830" bold="true" box="[189,439,1927,1954]" pageId="3" pageNumber="164">Conservation status:</emphasis>
— 
<taxonomicName id="6DDDF5C4FFC67251FE3594EDFCD9F830" box="[467,823,1928,1954]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Pleurothallis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="164" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="kashi-menkakarai">
<emphasis id="98A95255FFC67251FE3594EDFCD9F830" box="[467,823,1928,1954]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="164">Pleurothallis kashi-menkakarai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has not been reported within the Ecuadorian National System of Protected Areas. The species is known from two abundant populations, where a population density of 3 to 4 plants per phorophyte can be found. However, the range in which the species occurs is under threat by gold mining and grazing since 
<taxonomicName id="6DDDF5C4FFC67251FEB59490FDD9F79C" box="[339,567,2036,2062]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Pleurothallis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="164" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="kashi-menkakarai">
<emphasis id="98A95255FFC67251FEB59490FDD9F79C" box="[339,567,2036,2062]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="164">P. kashi-menkakarai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has only been observed within an area of 
<quantity id="6D2523A2FFC67251FBE99491FBA6F79C" box="[1039,1096,2036,2062]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="164" unit="km" value="9.0">9 km</quantity>
<superScript id="5DA8230FFFC67251FBAE9491FBBEF790" attach="left" box="[1096,1104,2036,2050]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="164">2</superScript>
(
<figureCitation id="32E692C2FFC67251FBB89491FB2EF79C" box="[1118,1216,2036,2062]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[136,229,1911,1933]" captionTargetBox="[163,1423,203,1874]" captionTargetId="figure-24@4.[151,1435,190,1887]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Distribution map of Pleurothallis kashi-menkakarai (black circle), P. lapoi (black square), P. marioandresavilae (black star), P. sabanillae (black cross), P. saueri (also black square), P. tinajillensis (black diamond) in Ecuador and mining threats (red squares). Map by Henry X. Garzón." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8243223" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8243223/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="164">Figure 3</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>