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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.297.5118" ID-GBIF-Dataset="1d1b6e54-6fae-4c11-8868-1ee3c13815f1" ID-PMC="PMC3689131" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-297-71" ID-PubMed="23794882" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2013" ModsDocID="1313-2970-297-71" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 297" ModsDocTitle="Three new species of the genus Philopteroides Mey, 2004 (Phthiraptera, Ischnocera, Philopteridae) from New Zealand" checkinTime="1451247314054" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Valim, Michel P. &amp; Palma, Ricardo L." docDate="2013" docId="96A27EACB338B3081BAD3A19D5892534" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 297: 71-89" docOrigin="ZooKeys 297" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.297.5118" docTitle="Philopteroides macrocephalus Valim &amp; Palma, sp. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="84" masterDocId="FA63485AFFDBA712DC19FFB2FFD79A1B" masterDocTitle="Three new species of the genus Philopteroides Mey, 2004 (Phthiraptera, Ischnocera, Philopteridae) from New Zealand" masterLastPageNumber="89" masterPageNumber="71" pageNumber="81" updateTime="1668155790366" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Three new species of the genus Philopteroides Mey, 2004 (Phthiraptera, Ischnocera, Philopteridae) from New Zealand</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Valim, Michel P.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Palma, Ricardo L.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2013</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>297</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>71</mods:start>
<mods:end>89</mods:end>
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<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.297.5118</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.297.5118</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-297-71</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152043810" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:968250A7-D7C5-470A-8BFE-5EBA96AC5314" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/96A27EACB338B3081BAD3A19D5892534" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="84" pageId="10" pageNumber="81">
<subSubSection pageId="10" pageNumber="81" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="81">
<taxonomicName LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:968250A7-D7C5-470A-8BFE-5EBA96AC5314" authority="Valim &amp; Palma" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Philopteroides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Philopteroides macrocephalus" order="Psocodea" pageId="10" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macrocephalus">Philopteroides macrocephalus Valim &amp; Palma</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="10" pageNumber="81">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Figs 7-8, 12, 25-28, 36-37
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="10" pageNumber="81" type="type host">
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="81">Type host.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="81">
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Petroicidae" genus="Petroica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Petroica macrocephala subsp. macrocephala" order="Passeriformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="81" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="macrocephala" subSpecies="macrocephala">Petroica macrocephala macrocephala</taxonomicName>
(Gmelin, 1789) - New Zealand tit or tomtit (
<taxonomicName family="Petroicidae" lsidName="" pageId="10" pageNumber="81" rank="family">Petroicidae</taxonomicName>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="10" pageNumber="81" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="81">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="81">New Zealand.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="83" pageId="10" pageNumber="81" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="81">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="82" pageId="10" pageNumber="81">
Female. Habitus as in Fig. 7, and head as in Fig. 12. Anterior setae 3 (
<pageBreakToken pageId="11" pageNumber="82" start="start">as</pageBreakToken>
3) rigid, peg-shaped, 0.05-0.06 long; anterior dorsal head setae (ads) peg-like, 0.02 long. Hyaline membrane with deep concavity and thin sclerotization, 0.06-0.08 long; anterior dorsal plate slightly concave and ventral head plate deeply concave (Fig. 36). Pterothorax with 9 posteromarginal setae on each side. Tergo-pleural plate II with a much reduced postero-lateral projection overlapping segment III; tergo-pleural plate III without any projection. Tergocentral setae: II, 17-19 (plus 2 anterior setae); III, 23-25; IV, 25-27; V, 26-27; VI, 24-26; VII, 23-25; VIII, 12-14. Tergites
<normalizedToken originalValue="VIIIX">VII-IX</normalizedToken>
+X as in Fig. 25. Sternal setae: II, SL-LS; III, LLLLSL-LSLLLL; IV, LLLLSLL-LLSLLLL; V, LLLLLSLL-LLSLLLLL; VI, LLLLL-LLLLL (some specimens show slight variations from this symmetrical pattern). Segments
<normalizedToken originalValue="IIVII">II-VII</normalizedToken>
with 3-5 additional long setae situated on the soft tegument, between the sternal plate and the pleural setae. Paratergal setae (all long):
<normalizedToken originalValue="IIIII">II-III</normalizedToken>
, 0; IV, 5-6; V, 4-5;
<normalizedToken originalValue="VIVII">VI-VII</normalizedToken>
, 4; VIII, 2. Tergites
<normalizedToken originalValue="VIVII">VI-VII</normalizedToken>
with an innermost dorsal seta (included in the paratergal count), besides the postspiracular setae (not included in the count). Sternites
<normalizedToken originalValue="IIIVI">III-VI</normalizedToken>
with large, well-developed plates, roughly rectangular. Vulva with 9-11 medium to long setae each side, and 14-15 small setae in the middle of the vulvar margin. Subgenital plate, inner genital sclerite, subvulval sclerites, and vulvar margin as in Fig. 26, plus a variation of an additional female in Fig. 26a. Measurements (n = 7): HL 0.59-0.62, ANW 0.10-0.12, POL 0.28-0.30, POW 0.40-0.41, ADPL 0.24-0.25, ADPLL 0.20-0.21, ADPW 0.18-0.19, TRL 0.11-0.13, TRW 0.04-0.05, TW 0.58-0.64, PW 0.30-0.36, PTL 0.21-0.25, PTW 0.44-0.48, TPVL 0.25-0.27, AW 0.72-0.79, EWG 0.05-0.06, IWG 0.03-0.04, TL 1.85-2.13.
</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="83" pageId="11" pageNumber="82">
Male. Similar to female, except in dimensions and morphology of terminalia (Fig. 8). Pterothorax with 7-9 posteromarginal setae on each side. Tergocentral setae: II, 17-18 (plus 2 anterior setae); III, 17-19; IV, 22-24; V, 18-20; VI, 17-20; VII, 16-18; VIII, 10-12. Paratergal setae (all long):
<normalizedToken originalValue="IIIII">II-III</normalizedToken>
, 0;
<normalizedToken originalValue="IVV">IV-V</normalizedToken>
, 4 (rarely 2 setae on one side only);
<normalizedToken originalValue="VIVII">VI-VII</normalizedToken>
, 4-5 (rarely 3 setae on one side only); VIII, 2. Sternal plates
<normalizedToken originalValue="IIIVI">III-VI</normalizedToken>
well
<pageBreakToken pageId="12" pageNumber="83" start="start">developed</pageBreakToken>
and entire; 4 long setae on the subgenital plate with only the anterior pair situated on the plate (Fig. 28). Genitalia: length of parameres 0.50 (Fig. 37). Measurements (n = 9): HL 0.55-0.57, ANW 0.10-0.12, POL 0.27-0.28, POW 0.37-0.39, ADPL 0.23-0.25, ADPLL 0.27-0.28, ADPW 0.16-0.17, TRL 0.10-0.12, TRW 0.04-0.05, TW 0.51-0.55, PW 0.28-0.30, PTL 0.17-0.20, PTW 0.42-0.44, TPVL 0.25-26, AW 0.62-0.65, GL 0.27-0.32, GW 0.07-0.08, TL 1.49-1.61.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="12" pageNumber="83" type="type specimens">
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="83">Type specimens.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="83">
Holotype ♀ (MONZ AI.030122), ex
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Petroicidae" genus="Petroica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Petroica macrocephala subsp. macrocephala" order="Passeriformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="83" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="macrocephala" subSpecies="macrocephala">Petroica macrocephala macrocephala</taxonomicName>
, NEW ZEALAND: Haast Pass, 30.IX.1969, C.N. Challies col. (University of Canterbury). Paratypes: 3♂, 3♀ (MONZ AI.017278 &amp; AI.017279), 1♂, 1♀ (MZUSP #2887), same data as holotype.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="13" pageNumber="84" type="additional specimens, non-types">
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="84">
<pageBreakToken pageId="13" pageNumber="84" start="start">Additional</pageBreakToken>
specimens, non-types.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="84">
2♀ (MONZ AI.017281), ex
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Petroicidae" genus="Petroica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Petroica macrocephala subsp. dannefaerdi" order="Passeriformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="84" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="macrocephala" subSpecies="dannefaerdi">Petroica macrocephala dannefaerdi</taxonomicName>
(Rothschild, 1894), NEW ZEALAND: Penguin Creek, Snares Island, 29.III.1972, D.S. Horning &amp; C.J. Horning cols.; 1♂ (MONZ AI.017282), NEW ZEALAND: Boat Harbour, Snares Is, 22.II.1975, H.A. Best col.; 1♂ (MONZ AI.017283), NEW ZEALAND: Station Point, Snares Island, 25.II.1977, D.S. Horning col.; 1♂ (MONZ AI.017284), NEW ZEALAND: Tern Point, Snares Islands, 10.I.1987, A. Tennyson col.; 1♂ (MONZ AI.017280), NEW ZEALAND: Snares Is, no date, CMu Av. 4635. 1♂ (MONZ AI.017277), ex
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Petroicidae" genus="Petroica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Petroica macrocephala" order="Passeriformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="84" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="macrocephala">Petroica macrocephala</taxonomicName>
, NEW ZEALAND: Springs Junction, Maruia, 20.VIII.1966, J.R. Jackson col.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="13" pageNumber="84" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="84">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="84">The s pecies epithet is a noun in apposition derived from the species name of the host, and also refers to the larger head of this louse species.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="85" pageId="13" pageNumber="84" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="84">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="84">
Morphologically close to
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Philopteroides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Philopteroides fuliginosus" order="Psocodea" pageId="13" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fuliginosus">Philopteroides fuliginosus</taxonomicName>
by the features mentioned under that species above. However, both sexes of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Philopteroides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Philopteroides macrocephalus" order="Psocodea" pageId="13" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macrocephalus">Philopteroides macrocephalus</taxonomicName>
can be distinguished from those of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Philopteroides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Philopteroides fuliginosus" order="Psocodea" pageId="13" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fuliginosus">Philopteroides fuliginosus</taxonomicName>
by (1) the hyaline margin with a deeper incision (0.06-0.08mm) at its midline (compare Figs 11 and 12, Figs 34 and 36); (2) the female tergal chaetotaxy and shape of tergites IX+X (compare Figs 21 and 25); (3) the male subgenital plate (compare Figs 24 and 28); and (4) the male genitalia (compare Figs 35 and 37).
</paragraph>
<subSection lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="85" pageId="13" pageNumber="84" type="key to the species of philopteroides mey, 2004 (adults only) *">
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="84">Key to the species of Philopteroides Mey, 2004 (adults only) *</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="84">
*except
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Philopteroides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Philopteroides lineatus" order="Psocodea" pageId="13" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lineatus">Philopteroides lineatus</taxonomicName>
(Giebel, 1874)
</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="85" pageId="13" pageNumber="84">
<table lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="85" pageId="13" pageNumber="84">
<tr pageId="13" pageNumber="84">
<td colspan="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="84" rowspan="1">Figs 9-1030, 32</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="84" rowspan="1">beckeri</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="13" pageNumber="84">
<td colspan="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="84" rowspan="1">Figs 11-1234, 36</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="84" rowspan="1">mitsusui</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="13" pageNumber="84">
<td colspan="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="84" rowspan="1">Fig. 13Fig. 14</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="84" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Philopteroides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Philopteroides beckeri" order="Psocodea" pageId="13" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="beckeri">Philopteroides beckeri</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="13" pageNumber="84">
<td colspan="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="84" rowspan="1">Fig. 17Fig. 18</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="84" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Philopteroides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Philopteroides pilgrimi" order="Psocodea" pageId="13" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pilgrimi">Philopteroides pilgrimi</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="13" pageNumber="84">
<td colspan="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="84" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Philopteroides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Philopteroides kayanobori" order="Psocodea" pageId="13" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kayanobori">Philopteroides kayanobori</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="13" pageNumber="84">
<td colspan="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="84" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Philopteroides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Philopteroides mitsusui" order="Psocodea" pageId="13" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mitsusui">Philopteroides mitsusui</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="13" pageNumber="84">
<td colspan="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="84" rowspan="1">adsFigs 34, 36</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="13" pageNumber="84">
<td colspan="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="84" rowspan="1">adsFigs 30, 32</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="13" pageNumber="84">
<td colspan="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="84" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Philopteroides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Philopteroides terpsiphoni" order="Psocodea" pageId="13" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="terpsiphoni">Philopteroides terpsiphoni</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="14" pageNumber="85">
<td colspan="1" pageId="14" pageNumber="85" rowspan="1">
<bibRefCitation author="Mey, E" journalOrPublisher="Ornithologischer Anzeiger" pageId="15" pageNumber="86" pagination="149 - 203" title="Zur Taxonomie, Verbreitung und parasitophyletischer Evidenz des Philopterus-Komplexes (Insecta, Phthiraptera, Ischnocera)." volume="43" year="2004">
<pageBreakToken pageId="14" pageNumber="85" start="start">Mey</pageBreakToken>
2004
</bibRefCitation>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="14" pageNumber="85" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Philopteroides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Philopteroides xenicus" order="Psocodea" pageId="14" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xenicus">Philopteroides xenicus</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="14" pageNumber="85">
<td colspan="1" pageId="14" pageNumber="85" rowspan="1">
<bibRefCitation author="Mey, E" journalOrPublisher="Ornithologischer Anzeiger" pageId="15" pageNumber="86" pagination="149 - 203" title="Zur Taxonomie, Verbreitung und parasitophyletischer Evidenz des Philopterus-Komplexes (Insecta, Phthiraptera, Ischnocera)." volume="43" year="2004">Mey 2004</bibRefCitation>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="14" pageNumber="85" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Philopteroides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Philopteroides novaezelandiae" order="Psocodea" pageId="14" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="novaezelandiae">Philopteroides novaezelandiae</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="14" pageNumber="85">
<td colspan="1" pageId="14" pageNumber="85" rowspan="1">Figs 1236Fig. 25Fig. 28Fig. 37</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="14" pageNumber="85" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Philopteroides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Philopteroides macrocephalus" order="Psocodea" pageId="14" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macrocephalus">Philopteroides macrocephalus</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="14" pageNumber="85">
<td colspan="1" pageId="14" pageNumber="85" rowspan="1">Figs 1134Fig. 21Fig. 24Fig. 35</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="14" pageNumber="85" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Philopteroides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Philopteroides fuliginosus" order="Psocodea" pageId="14" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fuliginosus">Philopteroides fuliginosus</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="14" pageNumber="85">
<td colspan="1" pageId="14" pageNumber="85" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Philopteroides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Philopteroides sclerotifrons" order="Psocodea" pageId="14" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sclerotifrons">Philopteroides sclerotifrons</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="14" pageNumber="85">
<td colspan="1" pageId="14" pageNumber="85" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Philopteroides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Philopteroides flavala" order="Psocodea" pageId="14" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavala">Philopteroides flavala</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="14" pageNumber="85">
<td colspan="1" pageId="14" pageNumber="85" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Philopteroides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Philopteroides cucphuongensis" order="Psocodea" pageId="14" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cucphuongensis">Philopteroides cucphuongensis</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
</subSection>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>