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<document ID-CLB-Dataset="9612" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.989.53104" ID-GBIF-Dataset="a1ade8e5-350b-4b34-a486-3e46db0f8724" ID-PMC="PMC7669819" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-989-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="0185198E253B50C4BAB71B6BBF0305AB" ID-PubMed="33223893" ID-ZooBank="8957A11D00984990B073A1999A8AFBC6" ModsDocID="1313-2970-989-1" checkinTime="1604986527064" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Xu, Yu, Zhan, Zifeng &amp; Xu, Kuidong" docDate="2020" docId="719D04885A1E57D3A25FDBDB30A9D48C" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 989: 1-37" docOrigin="ZooKeys 989" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.989.53104" docTitle="Metallogorgia melanotrichos" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" id="0185198E253B50C4BAB71B6BBF0305AB" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="0185198E253B50C4BAB71B6BBF0305AB" masterDocTitle="Morphology and phylogenetic analysis of five deep-sea golden gorgonians (Cnidaria, Octocorallia, Chrysogorgiidae) in the Western Pacific Ocean, with the description of a new species" masterLastPageNumber="37" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1732749398908" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="47239A3AA15FBA55BADCACC065733BDF">Morphology and phylogenetic analysis of five deep-sea golden gorgonians (Cnidaria, Octocorallia, Chrysogorgiidae) in the Western Pacific Ocean, with the description of a new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="834710F6E16D4EC9A539A4E39F2ED2A4">Xu, Yu</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="395E000ECA07E08E16596A76A33C34F2">Laboratory of Marine Organism Taxonomy and Phylogeny, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China &amp; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="F29D0A0726FE50EFF90F0714F29C63B0">Zhan, Zifeng</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="038EF67F3809526C58B149513BD21F0E">Laboratory of Marine Organism Taxonomy and Phylogeny, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China &amp; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266237, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="8580C8ACA5D7F8B54D0C8F32F97A28E7">Xu, Kuidong</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="A3A2DB68E5D958CB2A64166AA78285F0">Laboratory of Marine Organism Taxonomy and Phylogeny, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China &amp; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266237, China &amp; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China &amp; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:date id="721CA45494C5A3D9A7D4746C6408CD7B">2020</mods:date>
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<treatment id="719D04885A1E57D3A25FDBDB30A9D48C" ID-GBIF-Taxon="168961896" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:719D04885A1E57D3A25FDBDB30A9D48C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/719D04885A1E57D3A25FDBDB30A9D48C" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" scope_class="Anthozoa" scope_family="Chrysogorgiidae" scope_order="Alcyonacea" scope_phylum="Cnidaria" scope_subClass="Octocorallia" scope_subOrder="Calcaxonia">
<subSubSection id="3FCCEB0329A0EE6D55C668B33E2385F8" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="9C94879E770189C42B8E7A0105DB6D4A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="8812745B614CB7B9B1B452EB346E3CAF" ID-CoL="73CTZ" LSID="719D0488-5A1E-57D3-A25F-DBDB30A9D48C" authority="(Wright &amp; Studer, 1889)" baseAuthorityName="Wright &amp; Studer" baseAuthorityYear="1889" class="Anthozoa" family="Chrysogorgiidae" genus="Metallogorgia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Metallogorgia melanotrichos" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="melanotrichos">Metallogorgia melanotrichos (Wright &amp; Studer, 1889)</taxonomicName>
<figureCitation id="FA201C7766A03D44DD1DB6997F0D4E28" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. External morphology and polyps of Metallogorgia melanotrichos MBM 286485 A the colony in situ. Laser dots spaced at 33 cm used for scale B the colony after collection C a branch under a light microscope D, E a single polyp under a light microscope F, G a single polyp under SEM H head of one polyp under SEM. Scale bars: 20 cm (B), 2 mm (C), and 1 mm (E-H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.989.53104.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/473214" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figures 7</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="12AB07392F175DB817397314F82FD337" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Sclerites of Metallogorgia melanotrichos MBM 286485 A rods in tentacles B rods and scales in the polyp-body wall C scales in coenenchyme. Scale bar: 200 μm (all images at the same scale)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.989.53104.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/473215" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 8</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="769B95371D6344F04A350868F32B9839" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. External morphology and polyps of Metallogorgia melanotrichos MBM 286486 A the colony in situ. Laser dots spaced at 33 cm used for scale B, C the colony after collection D a branch under a light microscope E, F a single polyp under a light microscope G three polyps under SEM H head of one polyp under SEM I coenenchyme under SEM. Scale bars: 10 cm (B, C), 2 mm (D) and 500 μm (E-I; H, I at the same scale)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.989.53104.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/473216" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 9</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="1820A99936AD08FC0BE39855B36A98DA" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Sclerites of Metallogorgia melanotrichos MBM 286486 A rods in tentacles B rods and scales in the polyp-body wall C scales in coenenchyme. Scale bar: 300 μm (all images at the same scale)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.989.53104.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/473217" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 10</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="50FD5E3B625CB03F90DEEE7A956ADC46" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="T2" captionText="Table 2. The morphological measuring data of the specimens of Metallogorgia. &quot; - &quot; means nonexistent or meaningless data." pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Tables 2</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="8C7057D38F3337A8173D0C072C329116" captionStart="Table 3" captionStartId="T3" captionText="Table 3. The comparisons of the species (adults) in the genus Metallogorgia Versluys, 1902 and Pseudochrysogorgia bellona Pante &amp; France, 2010." pageId="0" pageNumber="1">3</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="7DBDAD4E7D3AD183C73E2106E7E998CB" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="44D74239B04B2A31F133604CF48D6D65" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="A590D1419F5DEA483F0E0A9FDDDB2E2B" authorityName="Wright &amp; Studer" authorityYear="1889" class="Anthozoa" family="Chrysogorgiidae" genus="Dasygorgia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dasygorgia melanotrichos" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="melanotrichos">Dasygorgia melanotrichos</taxonomicName>
Wright &amp; Studer, 1889: 15, pl. IV, fig. 3, pl. V, fig. 5.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="444139C835D9A828CC3E02A4B5CC9D9B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="2E3000BDB6CFA41DC779CFF402C38B44" baseAuthorityName="Wright &amp; Studer" baseAuthorityYear="1889" class="Anthozoa" family="Chrysogorgiidae" genus="Metallogorgia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Metallogorgia melanotrichos" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="melanotrichos">Metallogorgia melanotrichos</taxonomicName>
: Versluys, 1902: 87.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AD83FEE386033DCBAFD48ACF83CC440A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="A88EAC46CF9816C2296BE5BD5CEA5FA2" baseAuthorityName="Wright &amp; Studer" baseAuthorityYear="1889" class="Anthozoa" family="Chrysogorgiidae" genus="Metallogorgia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Metallogorgia melanotrichos" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="melanotrichos">Metallogorgia melanotrichos</taxonomicName>
: Nutting, 1908: 593-594, pl. LI, fig. 5.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6550885F294D328E584371B0D7793E58" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="885B1E24E5EAA9AF4BCD702DD1924068" baseAuthorityName="Wright &amp; Studer" baseAuthorityYear="1889" class="Anthozoa" family="Chrysogorgiidae" genus="Metallogorgia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Metallogorgia melanotrichos" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="melanotrichos">Metallogorgia melanotrichos</taxonomicName>
:
<normalizedToken id="67FE6AF15A528F6C62FB4B696CCC70A5" originalValue="Kükenthal">Kuekenthal</normalizedToken>
, 1919: 503.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1E9F407B825AC5EBBDAFC9EDA0F68EE6" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="AA8385FE003306AD153D79F4C475BDC7" baseAuthorityName="Wright &amp; Studer" baseAuthorityYear="1889" class="Anthozoa" family="Chrysogorgiidae" genus="Metallogorgia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Metallogorgia melanotrichos" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="melanotrichos">Metallogorgia melanotrichos</taxonomicName>
: Pasternak, 1981: 51.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C06A7110CB3783EBDB6FFD3D8F813774" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type locality">
<paragraph id="F82AF94ACBA4BC9604AB49D2B2EB2FDD" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type locality.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="59A6078C773CDD03DA6DE084C65884C5" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Ascension Island in the South Atlantic Ocean, 778 m depth (
<bibRefCitation id="20AC2586156B8A116FDDF8A03265ECE0" author="Wright, EP" journalOrPublisher="Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 314" refId="B33" refString="Wright, EP, Studer, T, 1889. Report on the Alcyonaria collected by H.M.S. Challenger during the years 1873-1876. Report on the Scientific Results of H.M.S. Challenger during the years 1873-76. Zoology 31 (64): 1 - 314" title="Report on the Alcyonaria collected by H. M. S. Challenger during the years 1873 - 1876. Report on the Scientific Results of H. M. S. Challenger during the years 1873 - 76." volume="31" year="1889">Wright and Studer 1889</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="3064B0C87FA902A12C669AC196630CC2" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="voucher specimens">
<paragraph id="0EA694C345C06B1E1EF1E92CAC189C98" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Voucher specimens.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A51E594E9AAC5A090CDB93F6679D492E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
MBM286485, station FX-Dive 222 (
<geoCoordinate id="CC84430B5A4104414F291829CEFEE446" degrees="10" direction="north" minutes="04.73" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="10.078834">10°04.73'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="D582B0C1CE84A2A04C936F12B8351192" degrees="140" direction="east" minutes="09.45" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="140.1575">140°09.45'E</geoCoordinate>
), depth 1839 m, 10 June 2019; MBM286486, station FX-Dive 227 (
<geoCoordinate id="8DDECC4D6EE921093320BEC41C168C1B" degrees="10" direction="north" minutes="37.92" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="10.632">10°37.92'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="4028D69E01DA9759CE72597A069771B4" degrees="140" direction="east" minutes="05.62" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="140.09367">140°05.62'E</geoCoordinate>
), depth 1706 m, 15 June 2019. They were collected from two seamounts (tentatively named as M5 and M8, respectively) located on the Caroline Ridge in the West Pacific Ocean.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="6C753ED6F2E0F78EB16A5B9826143698" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="CB73C403ABC6F330E7EBF413230E554E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis</paragraph>
<paragraph id="711806BEC55726403BBDE8EAFF2ED22B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="8EAFCE6CDB931CD2AE5458C9D6E77461" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
(extended on the basis of
<bibRefCitation id="A33C8B1621C14A8B69940776B016F514" author="Versluys, J" journalOrPublisher="Siboga-Expeditie" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 120" refId="B31" refString="Versluys, J, 1902. Die Gorgoniden der Siboga-Expedition I. Die Chrysogorgiidae. Siboga-Expeditie 13: 1 - 120" title="Die Gorgoniden der Siboga-Expedition I. Die Chrysogorgiidae." volume="13" year="1902">Versluys 1902</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="93E97DA005E258D74035FEB09AD7C056" author="Kuekenthal, W" journalOrPublisher="Molecular Biology and Evolution" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B18" refString="Kuekenthal, W, 1919. Gorgonaria. Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse der Deutschen Tiefsee- Expedition auf dem Dampfer&quot;Valdivia&quot;1891-1899 13(2): 1-946." title="Gorgonaria. Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse der Deutschen Tiefsee- Expedition auf dem Dampfer &quot; Valdivia &quot; 1891 - 1899 13 (2): 1 - 946." year="1919">
<normalizedToken id="8C41ED802BF363331BAF386867D7C529" originalValue="Kükenthal">Kuekenthal</normalizedToken>
1919
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="6F3AB5B8F1EA4E47D5946E485B3A3894" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3354/meps08113" author="Mosher, CV" journalOrPublisher="Marine Ecology Progress Series" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="81 - 88" refId="B20" refString="Mosher, CV, Watling, L, 2009. Partners for life: a brittle star and its octocoral host. Marine Ecology Progress Series 397: 81 - 88, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3354/meps08113" title="Partners for life: a brittle star and its octocoral host." url="https://doi.org/10.3354/meps08113" volume="397" year="2009">Mosher and Watling 2009</bibRefCitation>
).
</emphasis>
In adults, main stem monopodial with a few large branches occurring on the distal end. Branching angle between these large branches usually obtuse. In each large branch, strong branchlets subdivided dichotomously and forming a sympodium pattern. In juveniles, main stem monopodial and gracile with branches producing on the lateral of the trunk randomly and subdivided dichotomously in multiple planes. Polyps conical or cylindrical, absent on the stem of adults but present in juveniles. Sclerites elongated and often crossed, arranged densely in polyps and relatively sparsely in coenenchyme. Rods longitudinally arranged in tentacles, covered with sparse fine warts. Rods longitudinally arranged on upper part of polyp body, and scales partially crosswise or transversely arranged on bottom, with nearly smooth surface. Scales transversely arranged in coenenchyme, usually with rounded ends and occasionally irregular edges. Nematozooids absent.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="E8943E7075B17E4C97F4816B4D78DDE1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
<paragraph id="0EBF3EAFBC0D16D5419FCF7B019AC4B4" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9D6686F76C738F90067AC705FEBBDA10" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
For morphological measurements, see Table
<tableCitation id="8ED00225020E34D7ECDBF1AF394E8D21" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="T2" captionText="Table 2. The morphological measuring data of the specimens of Metallogorgia. &quot; - &quot; means nonexistent or meaningless data." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/90D8F5D923E62909C2135D4AE691D17C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableUuid="90D8F5D923E62909C2135D4AE691D17C">2</tableCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="90D8F5D923E62909C2135D4AE691D17C" ID-Table-UUID="90D8F5D923E62909C2135D4AE691D17C" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/90D8F5D923E62909C2135D4AE691D17C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Table 2" startId="T2">
<paragraph id="4042C3283042867C11CE38210B1098C1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="DFB3CD694FCAB6276279C08493840EFE" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Table 2.</emphasis>
The morphological measuring data of the specimens of
<taxonomicName id="24F8FC2EF0E373581CC630D577D20A3C" authorityName="Versluys" authorityYear="1902" class="Anthozoa" family="Chrysogorgiidae" genus="Metallogorgia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Metallogorgia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B3D0A71AFA45CF371B6A167B7C338205" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Metallogorgia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<normalizedToken id="59D2DCC49DAF0D2FD6E8C2ABF7AD61A6" originalValue="“-”">&quot;-&quot;</normalizedToken>
means nonexistent or meaningless data.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="51AF0D973EE4F49B42CEDAA7376A857E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<table id="83A1A4C31435BD0CC332AAB093C53E7E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<tr id="8998DA94CB4F7088828069CA94D2F995" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<th id="348FF7160636142BE1C6EDC2637EF3E9" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Characters/ Specimens</th>
<th id="1D9368532CB41E9F94581C078197173A" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">MBM286485</th>
<th id="889332A3F25007EEA632DED11BE2558F" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">MBM286486</th>
<th id="443D12C7A94E0C368F886B74BFB1A097" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">MBM286484</th>
<th id="8413111EFB71404EBF40F8D82A142FB6" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">MBM286487</th>
<th id="9858D4F5FED1B420284DDE067AA61FB4" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">MBM286488</th>
<th id="EA4AF5F072B47F18E61903D10CB08A5F" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">MBM286489</th>
</tr>
<tr id="386995B3A7CB1919B54B24FE2483DEE5" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<td id="0BC6E040F65370BC8F82B069B22BF5A0" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Species</td>
<td id="C483ADC2ABE2C5E231E9410BA5FA1496" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="991B676E454F4C81BAEE342D02E9DC7A" lsidName="M. melanotrichos" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="melanotrichos">
<emphasis id="691D64AD09EC6DD7B7B587E5B681DC01" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">M. melanotrichos</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="B7FDE749C6AE41B354B1DFC42F2D50FD" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="03154BEC75E3D5982B9F126859BCD6B9" lsidName="M. melanotrichos" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="melanotrichos">
<emphasis id="F045F8C6BB18912A7886C21A58F2C8F4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">M. melanotrichos</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="FDCAB3B2359F15FB6BAE24C8DA46D476" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="FB14CBAFB4DBBBB8C84B4551DAD7BC5E" lsidName="M. macrospina" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="macrospina">
<emphasis id="DDB3C5896954EEBF31BB24B55B4F16D0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">M. macrospina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="73F1C0CBEC8148A52FD607DF446C4A14" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="BC78122865410EE6CCED8627DC9EEEA1" lsidName="M. macrospina" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="macrospina">
<emphasis id="4686268489ADEDE4CC95B0C7A8167CDF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">M. macrospina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="AEE1DDD6856FB749935A8D7298EF246E" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="EAC6BC40CE4C2ADF9E3BE4157CF1C0FD" lsidName="M. macrospina" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="macrospina">
<emphasis id="F23B9796B943AFEC3FA88FB218A74616" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">M. macrospina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="95130142BE640873B5582BE2C35AA3A2" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="FB9D4C854EAA5ACB4D7CCA563C0D0318" lsidName="M. macrospina" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="macrospina">
<emphasis id="1B5C23D4AC2DD549276C470702A2B368" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">M. macrospina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="C4E199BCF69C23769C404B60128E9A52" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<td id="1E23D8C8AE01BF227BEC0E20CBD45DFF" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Colony height (cm)</td>
<td id="A1B0BAEE547E17683324317FA8B337D1" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">76</td>
<td id="44B17FC4CB0D10A3E5C5624A71A02DE7" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">35</td>
<td id="4D531C3B08D30B3F24264D9040608B8D" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">56</td>
<td id="600FC62EE1775E7657816A9ADCCC40C9" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">51</td>
<td id="ECDD00DD2001161EC4682ACE6EC3D5DD" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">69</td>
<td id="94BFB254446C29D18945647A69F50B19" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">48</td>
</tr>
<tr id="F57215D8290F29F6E84A9DECC381279F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<td id="862AF3E6748BAD5CFD6D765BD47CEC02" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Basal stem width (mm)</td>
<td id="D59F646303F1A07ABA47CA80C7D917D5" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">2.7</td>
<td id="86E483FA6830F591A2F05AE615517399" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">1.5</td>
<td id="DFC0F1D429181B295031AA4456425AA6" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">1.0</td>
<td id="98809F20BF770CBD2CA8827BB4A2D2EE" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">2.5</td>
<td id="E28376161F22C7833BBA0F074F7A5AC5" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">3.0</td>
<td id="47F5A27438EA6BA7FA63C3E93389B704" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">2.5</td>
</tr>
<tr id="1C75D19A13CF586493525872F2073637" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<td id="B39E94B8FBF31FD8B0CDF56D72A40FAA" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Branching part height (cm)</td>
<td id="77AC2BD1CD22457C305A56875933BF83" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">9</td>
<td id="47C4646B8DEF588EDD2B06FD3AAC833E" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">8</td>
<td id="3A7EE32F67B521F31FAF11EBE8706441" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td id="FEC923EC87054B4741EE76CA4BF5904D" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">12</td>
<td id="9A4FB7A497471B2A817C72EDA8411A10" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">11</td>
<td id="31DACC9E5BA5A0FDA919391199EC9E1A" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">7</td>
</tr>
<tr id="DD74D8AA5E77F0A455710055D983B2F0" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<td id="473C520DCFC6DCFC59756C2797817D0B" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Branching part width (cm)</td>
<td id="F927BFC672B7F613F0432EFA443D39FB" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">18</td>
<td id="CB2E0E1BE8CE6E638BA371D5B98A17F6" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">18</td>
<td id="D895009FC174F0881781FB1506D6398C" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">6</td>
<td id="C05CCF2F73325D457BF846E794175756" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">26</td>
<td id="B9F77787CB71DFC500C2C45BEAC60BC1" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">20</td>
<td id="34E4116B70CFC46EF637321137BD7760" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">14</td>
</tr>
<tr id="4EC47F97CB4F04B7B122A5E183B99661" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<td id="68F72BE004EB88D07817230BB3D25201" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Branch maximal length (cm)</td>
<td id="8BFB1943DC58B6137A15C2B89E281330" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">10</td>
<td id="14037ACAB2FBFF8D479D5AF5E29F5DB9" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">12</td>
<td id="577A2A7D966FD412908C4058C262C59A" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">4</td>
<td id="957CCFD2050973AB1A533704E4846262" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">16</td>
<td id="7F6C4152D43DEC59FB74E7C7D10BBECB" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">13</td>
<td id="1E31B152EEDFBC6C2A49366AEF1524D5" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">12</td>
</tr>
<tr id="A8CA821398905F005683A68AFE121126" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<td id="1F37319882DE5546D5ED948855218A74" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Branches</td>
<td id="21F1A9FC47EA15BD2657685AAF161427" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">2</td>
<td id="8B6B6734CD8AA88027BA1064ECBBF59C" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">2</td>
<td id="C6504F64AB4B9E37BAF402950244999D" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">22</td>
<td id="B886CF4BECC87D76E2B8BA613827DBF7" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">14</td>
<td id="601FC86B712AB875DD882A7A02A33554" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">7</td>
<td id="ECC222E5B7D7BB7EF0D2E139F6CAD7B0" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">6</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3536613521A1AA7BC68FAF2CCED7F81C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<td id="E61968488CF3F2754FFB77410306B495" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Interbranch distance (mm)</td>
<td id="ABF0CA9CBAD3EA031941706F375D3F37" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td id="E812495219B759E7DB3188EBA2083A0C" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td id="3526EA766A82ED5FE15FCB339933792B" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">9-25</td>
<td id="1D28F7DB332937E78C479D91AA91B302" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">6-13</td>
<td id="E83D765019D4347AD04674DAF9F600F4" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">13-18</td>
<td id="58BE2913127DE082138F1B7F27AD74A6" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">5-18</td>
</tr>
<tr id="7E4701B7C059DB073666FE4AAA7870A0" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<td id="86AFF0F18B96BEDAE25008475C61E51F" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Internode length (mm)</td>
<td id="993A6900B33944C275FD77C0F4C60C4A" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">4-12</td>
<td id="556A8699122618E30514BE504D4EC312" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">3-11</td>
<td id="8438C1976598B4ECEC34EE639AA5267D" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">3-7</td>
<td id="E7A73ACFA2987EC76AC970B53542AF1C" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">3-8</td>
<td id="D9EF38CF4F38E1D68D88BCA2297F9EF7" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">3-10</td>
<td id="9AB22967E3A116EB75B6965C89C83824" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">3-11</td>
</tr>
<tr id="BE088A38EE3FD59DB287E65168C6DCD4" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<td id="2E426EBE15883798F340955C749FEB99" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">First internode length (mm)</td>
<td id="96B1F67A193DAD07D1E4F98C67CEE51B" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">13-24</td>
<td id="DAE9EA3AA420FF4BD78E479BE72C2A91" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">12-18</td>
<td id="7331E3B01665058124DD2D5DF0176EAC" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">3-8</td>
<td id="241FD6C2707EDCA559F331BEACE5C4C9" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">5-8</td>
<td id="8C9D904D2CF12B4372FAB727610C1498" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">6-8</td>
<td id="72D0C247275937044F37854F21A49A91" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">6-11</td>
</tr>
<tr id="8D92817CA5C7589882148FD63A3607DC" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<td id="C58DAD493923A8B9DEAD473270F7C693" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Polyp height (mm)</td>
<td id="8E1296117045974EE7C121CDD8E4E178" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">1.0-2.5</td>
<td id="034D5B6248D77BEBEF23335683601084" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">1.0-4.0, most 2.0</td>
<td id="F069E6F0E04C153F390398A22E4675F5" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">1.0-2.5, most 1.0</td>
<td id="BDBE1DDB26765B15E8A036B0FE8EA9B6" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">average 1.0</td>
<td id="8C2CDE023A7AFD0CD556CB9772FECB48" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">1.0-1.5</td>
<td id="702DA138AA40662CA7FB987AFD82748F" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">1.0-1.5</td>
</tr>
<tr id="D44C2CAA039623F0CA10FBD51D20921D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<td id="880386D405981D6EC13F2BAB65AC57E7" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Polyps in internode</td>
<td id="E53A8ABF48311DBE8B12DF739DABC382" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">1, rarely 2</td>
<td id="C3D6D37B5EA3D2C86DF121C7FE025F43" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">1, rarely 2</td>
<td id="A8246706518388047DD0B23BAA7543F7" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">1, rarely 2</td>
<td id="B6097C0CCB9692F2C41757DDACFFA8FA" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">1, rarely 2</td>
<td id="783DF23B7C6D9D4993AA4535198AACE7" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">1, rarely 2</td>
<td id="7806991902BDB71B132336DB829F633B" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">1, rarely 2</td>
</tr>
<tr id="F7272D8E27BF6179709D45F392FF9D80" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<td id="DB0C0A915431904B83A9801B734E58FB" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Polyps in terminal branchlets</td>
<td id="FD60E5B2EEA4F871DB4536A89E3933EA" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">1-3</td>
<td id="A38B946BC245DD5C56EE9F38E8C5CFC0" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">1-4</td>
<td id="D3D3C36AA44CF7AE7332CFFACFA88FF3" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">1-4</td>
<td id="9C1ABD544DA9FC9E63465A288DE3B757" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">1-4</td>
<td id="2371DA99C5C4C421EA96C5A01BF8800A" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">1-5</td>
<td id="8CFDF866CA3A0A1EAA4BF896FA766C6A" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">1-2</td>
</tr>
<tr id="47E560D757074D28404126BF95B3B9AD" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<td id="6544E2DDD18B5B8E25E63B8423F58EFC" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Inter-polyp distance (mm)</td>
<td id="F25B748F603FB5ABB6F8D30D1A583E37" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">1-6</td>
<td id="22789ED3A8250AD5292ABE33B836ADC5" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">1-4</td>
<td id="49561D96803ABC578715BDB7B3E8CD0C" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">2-5</td>
<td id="43E093FE2A738040F2059943C711C779" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">1-3</td>
<td id="F2A2F0514916F4098788F70CB3E38435" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">0-5</td>
<td id="D6581F78166A2D5648C861295FF8E2EE" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">0-4</td>
</tr>
<tr id="B454FC5B5C1F1D514B23B5EDCCBD1052" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<td id="65BDFB8246DEE9594A7BD8DA08863F24" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Sclerites measured in tentacles (μm)</td>
<td id="99DDEFAC79E132206F3DD9FBAEC50CFE" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
129-433
<normalizedToken id="50484ECE590F21A2F19E5269856D88A3" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
17-55
</td>
<td id="60EF6852B58FA05BBB0EF1BF3101DC38" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
125-467
<normalizedToken id="C3BB571CFAFFA1E40961D7B24A66FC26" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
21-125
</td>
<td id="CA3A9746FB6EF49918A99F94ED807688" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
96-450
<normalizedToken id="1025FDA282A959403A2DD0B4511AEFE0" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
10-85
</td>
<td id="BD615EE158EE46057C57F1F20BCC5E37" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
44-542
<normalizedToken id="3197D74551C2A7C5D9E3E22089020BF5" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
6-117
</td>
<td id="7C2C266C69DB1203DC027E8932784E21" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
120-492
<normalizedToken id="8B40DB2559B3F0D2E101A23777411028" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
12-98
</td>
<td id="E74356C232883CFF06E7D9B86CD68AD0" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
115-460
<normalizedToken id="2C724C88388A194EC97FF75E69A60195" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
14-78
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="B58EED5128E82AE28E486C9B0282D15E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<td id="4B3E67F42337A3F501B7613E95F1E2F6" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Sclerites measured in body wall (μm)</td>
<td id="C2B7685469EA5133BAD4FCC69A6FE628" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
172-571
<normalizedToken id="D02F153CD79D3FE12DD3F34494AD2F66" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
14-93
</td>
<td id="06C5D1C259FC3949559D27A71528195B" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
128-429
<normalizedToken id="28EBB8AF95401FA6DB8E63E8306AC50F" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
25-125
</td>
<td id="92F7D0C0DBDCCDCCBB9E143CA83F9C0F" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
96-450
<normalizedToken id="C7841C31220D5C155E226C227B80130F" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
10-85
</td>
<td id="8BF52FA2728AC66359A5EC491A0266D1" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
44-542
<normalizedToken id="11A9BD0B018E4B2F3FAA5562869D3135" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
6-117
</td>
<td id="67249809CDAB3DE2B0D72E3AE5BBE3F8" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
137-473
<normalizedToken id="492A915E0D4BB12F5ECA74E1CE121FF4" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
17-93
</td>
<td id="460EE516989443A7F530EB42E6BAFD97" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
57-417
<normalizedToken id="9AE6BD05708E4732C2106E6BF2821841" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
11-66
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="7F3B7696B7B459ACD4DB6790D98ADF41" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<td id="8B84899644BD2612D4F0B64742721C81" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Sclerites measured in coenenchyme (μm)</td>
<td id="B416F7086179F534E972CAF643BA6733" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
96-378
<normalizedToken id="895C77DD5263D4B1425D577454C94BF5" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
18-66
</td>
<td id="6A975D7B684687730FB222B4114E8305" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
148-379
<normalizedToken id="CC0CFF30CA9E19B53F423D3BF481F2D7" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
31-113
</td>
<td id="2A35A70818820C47BB649721FAB7ADEA" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
112-456
<normalizedToken id="EA2B3039CDF6C61F515B590DB3E02296" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
10-62
</td>
<td id="1D8B10EF1C731A53D80425EB778B4732" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
175-394
<normalizedToken id="6C6575DD74724071980BCE010EC59A76" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
17-75
</td>
<td id="8A9F5698AD7BEA84F96A77A03DBF1998" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
78-328
<normalizedToken id="7E9A08295CC50CEBD13823BA66275D7A" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
11-51
</td>
<td id="337165E02A991A7517A2B8EB2C8B4E82" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
70-372
<normalizedToken id="3FE41832F6523BF1E2D0D2023C58B03C" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
14-50
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="6ED20EEB2C83C09BDB65E97AC1C2BB2E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<td id="BA8075F501EAAB0411C71C36E2CFEA9C" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Figures</td>
<td id="ECC5A9BB85AB37A256FA448EFDBC016A" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">7, 8</td>
<td id="F905A58FEFF35362694314F0E9EC5AEE" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">9, 10</td>
<td id="7008322A9AB0D39CDE6F22BD7B7D8945" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">11, 12</td>
<td id="81E98CC6B0C68B952770FC4C6F6B342F" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">13, 14</td>
<td id="4CEF782166E13618E6EF1DD131EC2CCE" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">15, 16</td>
<td id="B1C75F69ABE48963A0F7BA3503A7EECA" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">17, 18</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="BAD47F36364391FAB3111D302DB7B15B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="E1999D0C72D4BF0855660441479A1D2A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="226CB21720DEE16A1EC1AC4A0D7EB62E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Central Indo-Pacific Ocean (
<bibRefCitation id="DBF5120E566EBC94269C79E6E8990AE2" author="Wright, EP" journalOrPublisher="Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 314" refId="B33" refString="Wright, EP, Studer, T, 1889. Report on the Alcyonaria collected by H.M.S. Challenger during the years 1873-1876. Report on the Scientific Results of H.M.S. Challenger during the years 1873-76. Zoology 31 (64): 1 - 314" title="Report on the Alcyonaria collected by H. M. S. Challenger during the years 1873 - 1876. Report on the Scientific Results of H. M. S. Challenger during the years 1873 - 76." volume="31" year="1889">Wright and Studer 1889</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="ED3103763F45AEDF697312D3166AC471" author="Versluys, J" journalOrPublisher="Siboga-Expeditie" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 120" refId="B31" refString="Versluys, J, 1902. Die Gorgoniden der Siboga-Expedition I. Die Chrysogorgiidae. Siboga-Expeditie 13: 1 - 120" title="Die Gorgoniden der Siboga-Expedition I. Die Chrysogorgiidae." volume="13" year="1902">Versluys 1902</bibRefCitation>
), Western and Central Pacific (
<bibRefCitation id="61E772AE27DC64F2851176F04F12C5C7" DOI="https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00963801.34-1624.543" author="Nutting, CC" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the United States National Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="543 - 601" refId="B21" refString="Nutting, CC, 1908. Descriptions of the Alcyonaria collected by the U.S. Bureau of Fisheries steamer Albatross in the vicinity of the Hawaiian Islands in 1902. Proceedings of the United States National Museum 34: 543 - 601, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00963801.34-1624.543" title="Descriptions of the Alcyonaria collected by the U. S. Bureau of Fisheries steamer Albatross in the vicinity of the Hawaiian Islands in 1902." url="https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00963801.34-1624.543" volume="34" year="1908">Nutting 1908</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="42E2657D4D5382593BAE27BBE63EA19C" author="Pasternak, FA" journalOrPublisher="Heredity" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B26" refString="Pasternak, FA, 1981. Alcyonacea and Gorgonacea. In: Benthos of the Submarine Mountains of the Marcus-Necker and adjacent Pacific Regions. Academy of Sciences of the USSR, P.P. Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Moscow: 40-56." title="Alcyonacea and Gorgonacea. In: Benthos of the Submarine Mountains of the Marcus-Necker and adjacent Pacific Regions. Academy of Sciences of the USSR, P. P. Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Moscow: 40 - 56." year="1981">Pasternak 1981</bibRefCitation>
; present study), Atlantic Ocean, 183-2265 m depth (
<bibRefCitation id="CC5019177A4EA7866DE2B541A52DD1E4" author="Kuekenthal, W" journalOrPublisher="Molecular Biology and Evolution" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B18" refString="Kuekenthal, W, 1919. Gorgonaria. Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse der Deutschen Tiefsee- Expedition auf dem Dampfer&quot;Valdivia&quot;1891-1899 13(2): 1-946." title="Gorgonaria. Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse der Deutschen Tiefsee- Expedition auf dem Dampfer &quot; Valdivia &quot; 1891 - 1899 13 (2): 1 - 946." year="1919">
<normalizedToken id="CC4D674B2AEC6504DF3F195021B1D1C6" originalValue="Kükenthal">Kuekenthal</normalizedToken>
1919
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="621240BFB01443B464EC17F007DD4540" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-385529-9.00002-0" author="Watling, L" journalOrPublisher="Advances in Marine Biology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="41 - 122" refId="B32" refString="Watling, L, France, SC, Pante, E, Simpson, A, 2011. Chapter Two-Biology of Deep-Water Octocorals. Advances in Marine Biology 60 (3): 41 - 122, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-385529-9.00002-0" title="Chapter Two-Biology of Deep-Water Octocorals." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-385529-9.00002-0" volume="60" year="2011">Watling et al. 2011</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="16EBAF81FA652F7F57BF16CC1A6F0956" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0038357" author="Pante, E" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B24" refString="Pante, E, France, SC, Couloux, A, Cruaud, C, McFadden, CS, Samadi, S, Watling, L, 2012. Deep-Sea Origin and In-Situ Diversification of Chrysogorgiid Octocorals. PLoS ONE 7(6): e38357. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0038357" title="Deep-Sea Origin and In-Situ Diversification of Chrysogorgiid Octocorals. PLoS ONE 7 (6): e 38357." url="https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0038357" year="2012">Pante et al. 2012</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="80D0D3B713EE23260ED099DBEF3E1332" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="E1D4CF44B04AB9C06BA730E08949690B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="625FA3C017F0D8E162A446AD21D93B1C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="0F04689CBB634CD2DE3C126590845E75" baseAuthorityName="Wright &amp; Studer" baseAuthorityYear="1889" class="Anthozoa" family="Chrysogorgiidae" genus="Metallogorgia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Metallogorgia melanotrichos" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="melanotrichos">
<emphasis id="36B4DDFC41830275A67671ADE39BCB64" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Metallogorgia melanotrichos</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Wright &amp; Studer, 1889) is characterized by its completely monopodial stem, with the branches in adults occurring on the distal end, and scales in both body wall and coenenchyme (Table
<tableCitation id="5487C4E70F9F3B32F6D17DABFB387DD8" captionStart="Table 3" captionStartId="T3" captionText="Table 3. The comparisons of the species (adults) in the genus Metallogorgia Versluys, 1902 and Pseudochrysogorgia bellona Pante &amp; France, 2010." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/8FB5C1FE46DC028E81DF6E63DD67F730" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableUuid="8FB5C1FE46DC028E81DF6E63DD67F730">3</tableCitation>
). Furthermore,
<taxonomicName id="A4D103F75A81D9111723D72867863C2C" lsidName="M. melanotrichos" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="melanotrichos">
<emphasis id="2914126B87768D61DB1C4C2DDBAD6EB9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">M. melanotrichos</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a much more extensive distribution than its congeners, while other species have a relatively limited distribution. Our specimens match well with the original description in the sclerites, but possess a relatively larger polyp (most 2 mm, up to 4 mm vs. 1.75 mm), and longer scales in coenenchyme (up to 379
<normalizedToken id="40FCF4CF389759D0D73514879CAD911E" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
vs. 225
<normalizedToken id="98CEE1E18AD5EB08FC3C688E0B7DB35F" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
) (
<bibRefCitation id="80DE7ABF6405471CACC443309D9E087F" author="Kuekenthal, W" journalOrPublisher="Molecular Biology and Evolution" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B18" refString="Kuekenthal, W, 1919. Gorgonaria. Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse der Deutschen Tiefsee- Expedition auf dem Dampfer&quot;Valdivia&quot;1891-1899 13(2): 1-946." title="Gorgonaria. Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse der Deutschen Tiefsee- Expedition auf dem Dampfer &quot; Valdivia &quot; 1891 - 1899 13 (2): 1 - 946." year="1919">
<normalizedToken id="449166E60A4FCF1FB11B367E58A0F879" originalValue="Kükenthal">Kuekenthal</normalizedToken>
1919
</bibRefCitation>
, Table
<tableCitation id="9AFC758691FFDA9F3AA4D7CB7E0E52FD" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="T2" captionText="Table 2. The morphological measuring data of the specimens of Metallogorgia. &quot; - &quot; means nonexistent or meaningless data." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/90D8F5D923E62909C2135D4AE691D17C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableUuid="90D8F5D923E62909C2135D4AE691D17C">2</tableCitation>
). The branches of the specimen MBM286486 on one side is irregular and tend to form a fake spiral with branches subdivided dichotomously in multiple planes, while it is regular and forms a planar layer that nearly perpendicular to the trunk in the specimen MBM286485.
</paragraph>
<caption id="8FB5C1FE46DC028E81DF6E63DD67F730" ID-Table-UUID="8FB5C1FE46DC028E81DF6E63DD67F730" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/8FB5C1FE46DC028E81DF6E63DD67F730" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Table 3" startId="T3">
<paragraph id="0284042AC4CD2374E64619138772B1D9" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="F0F8A07BDD1248D290D13BA48D2C63DA" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Table 3.</emphasis>
The comparisons of the species (adults) in the genus
<taxonomicName id="6AA5FFADFBCBE49AD368160737BEAE22" authorityName="Versluys" authorityYear="1902" class="Anthozoa" family="Chrysogorgiidae" genus="Metallogorgia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Metallogorgia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="F22347ADD3B440695DEA624A6BBBFFE3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Metallogorgia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Versluys, 1902 and
<taxonomicName id="935974DF9ED98B691AFE60EF61892948" authorityName="Pante &amp; France" authorityYear="2010" class="Anthozoa" family="Chrysogorgiidae" genus="Pseudochrysogorgia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudochrysogorgia bellona" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="bellona">
<emphasis id="F43652BFE3CCAF1D903FBA1116C39FD1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pseudochrysogorgia bellona</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Pante &amp; France, 2010.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="62190CDDE09B8E9F4987EC5B45148EBF" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<table id="714558E5D56CEDA0A630FA513869E8E8" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<tr id="EB0A45D1EE2E64C59346E0B5A2D356F1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<th id="F051B3479229E74ACFB803DA46BB5BB7" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Characters/ Species</th>
<th id="FEE25A0DB276A390B6755BA2422EBB7A" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="07692D93F6F70FBE52F7FB64050148DA" lsidName="M. macrospina" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="macrospina">
<emphasis id="3030A8CC66D5110600F0FC8119533F65" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">M. macrospina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th id="F0596065636201AA3BFEA746A9CBBD09" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="072FF91692AD4EE7A38B6C729F21C6EB" lsidName="M. melanotrichos" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="melanotrichos">
<emphasis id="23509EBB493D3DA2ED51CF24270E9FCE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">M. melanotrichos</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th id="67C67FAEFE7D70ED933A99689A4AD561" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="91C0A64BD68F8A5CAE41CB3BA74D74BC" lsidName="M. splendens" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="splendens">
<emphasis id="A55761871B9B818D5C1C8A124FB62553" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">M. splendens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
*
</th>
<th id="F4CEE94026495A4608A67119DDA41BDD" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="1FF4148AA5430777A47908596485B070" lsidName="M. tenuis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="tenuis">
<emphasis id="B5C9475014F0F38C897AF5E2084528AA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">M. tenuis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th id="26A90AA8D2D16FA166727CF58851C4BE" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="37B3433C6E3AED208C27810FB47085DA" lsidName="P. bellona" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="bellona">
<emphasis id="A9CDE89D08CE46D98FBBD96C5CD4A8AB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. bellona</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="A06D043A6CDF75A40B6009F7EB8863AD" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<td id="BDD37A74B4CAC86067044495E3B860E6" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Branching part</td>
<td id="F08163C9F3B711773406261418CADAA8" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">sympodial</td>
<td id="E304B96243C1C6C4876AA1C449EE5CF3" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">monopodial</td>
<td id="568E70DD979C75D262E01512CF6E17EA" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">unknown</td>
<td id="2DC1D11CBE1278ABE0A9DA88CCC03281" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">sympodial*</td>
<td id="91BB7C1C44E5E85404C0A7D01F9CC4B0" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">monopodial</td>
</tr>
<tr id="C3C627B7131FC52C33691DAA1ABE7382" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<td id="437F8B8DCA2553BA7686013F8642D3AF" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Branchlets forming a sympodium</td>
<td id="6E5ADE84DC033AA5CC3C6E5AF2BFE997" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">yes</td>
<td id="A2C55A8DCCD204DCB2D2F25C279057C3" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">yes</td>
<td id="3E65A1A9442E492E06DBE7F457F10F56" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">unknown</td>
<td id="84258B4F6B17DED112089BFDD5DEA001" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">No*</td>
<td id="9412D5C091B634A75A3BBC062CDB976B" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">No</td>
</tr>
<tr id="243872DA3FE1172E59B14F5AEA0FBA29" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<td id="9708AC7DA25AEF72CA6D03A0DA5C42A0" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Interbranch distance (mm)</td>
<td id="60F12894BE1DCB719823E65A3262BC82" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">5-18</td>
<td id="6C33E954F23C4EC8DD5ABCE2E79285C3" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td id="4F1AC2461827008D89880CA77CBB7817" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">unknown</td>
<td id="B6275F25014B49BB6F508DD1A7C0C07C" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">10-18*</td>
<td id="58D9E5AE2875DD9783343284815D7454" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">9.9-17.2</td>
</tr>
<tr id="2D136FEA2C6533D8045E2570632305FE" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<td id="5253188E106F329F224D2268331B5511" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Polyp height (mm)</td>
<td id="5B4617704F2B246B738F541E9FB7B899" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">1-1.5</td>
<td id="31577842827D9CA43AD0725BB9FA0BF6" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">1.5-2.0</td>
<td id="CB4F4A05C389FB6908F034336EFC793E" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">1.5</td>
<td id="552AC1DAEC4BD7B2C3DE4A1C9D47764C" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">1.5-2.0</td>
<td id="34ABB03C93F3B5007B6CFBE8E59E2BD5" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">1.0-3.3</td>
</tr>
<tr id="8B5DD3B8F63C1022BE643704E226482B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<td id="740708ACF555FCCA537E517D22211188" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Sclerites in tentacles</td>
<td id="3EBD11B10D1A43FE531806B2238F6611" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">rods</td>
<td id="5C1BB8AC5DB6319E9FB83AA9877939E3" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">rods</td>
<td id="7D5454B0EAED0587A4C7E17AE8BF0DDA" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">plates</td>
<td id="AC155524CC934B0F141400451097CBE5" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">spindles</td>
<td id="C27C4EE554132FE413F61D97BF26701D" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">rods</td>
</tr>
<tr id="B8952C5219E95188F12D9F47E1E7E7EB" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<td id="B2118D707D845EF1F0DB8421DCBA9AEF" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Sclerites in body wall</td>
<td id="9447199E60F55A0F50339FF57DCC2385" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">rods</td>
<td id="31A4808FD14E3B33D8A700CA4FCDD705" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">rods and scales</td>
<td id="C5082C6ADBAC36A9B0C96C664104E02C" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">rods</td>
<td id="8CD5335A0640EAEF3B23F559014CD840" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">rods and spindles</td>
<td id="D29EEAEBC3DE4C67E5AB7F3F0C06FDE0" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">rods and scales</td>
</tr>
<tr id="91B59BF7BFD13969C5A8A9EE0E7B6298" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<td id="3C103A050F164012BD2903BA3E56AAA1" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Sclerites with its shapes in coenenchyme</td>
<td id="D242AD5B2B31453FB05E930B3F1A446C" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">rods and scales elongated with slightly serrated edges and coarse surface</td>
<td id="A082332A1A2B6A7E0279BFEE68C74FD9" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">scales elongated with relatively smooth edges and surface</td>
<td id="77F2938B4E96C6F42AE0665B9D0AC73D" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">rods small, flattened, often with serrated edges and smooth surface</td>
<td id="28B0713F9981457FB4DE625A5BB7DE9E" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">scales small, elongated, often with irregular shape and serrated edges.</td>
<td id="5658C360FFBE409165223742725DF7BF" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">scales and plates with many ornamentation</td>
</tr>
<tr id="7DFD9D8063024284919E8BB8763AFBE0" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<td id="29D6C6D2B699A775F1B9143132DE665B" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Dendritic holdfast</td>
<td id="DC0C456FE6CDBBD64DCF2E105B3ECD76" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">no</td>
<td id="2F6CEEC5B13759477E73DDB8160E4111" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">no</td>
<td id="09F942C36B94F1761CFA1A11719E6913" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">unknown</td>
<td id="8290535B1DDD6D03203B50676691E7B8" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">no</td>
<td id="481F3E5B63B142AA618CD3ACD42B261B" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">yes</td>
</tr>
<tr id="EE25CBC94059B13BAF607A69CC115BAC" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<td id="7F7617346FEF1520A42306FA96AC5361" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Reference</td>
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</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CA2E588E4F9A20C9041BFEB0996E64E5" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<tableNote id="FC6E53A9EF13481EE3DC02E881C8ECF6" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
*, putative species or questionable regarded by
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.
</tableNote>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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