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<document id="FD34EC87F6E4213AB8F1B8632A188019" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3846.4.2" ID-GBIF-Dataset="ea136b1c-dc96-4c41-b078-01ca553453a0" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="252519" ID-ZooBank="71A80CC3-CDC1-4291-863B-FA7501D60AF5" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460467899762" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Câmara, J. T. &amp; Rafael, J. A." docDate="2014" docId="03F6943FE06BFF82C7C7FF7DA94B157A" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03846p546.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3846 (4)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Opeatocerata rubida Wheeler &amp; Melander" docType="treatment" docVersion="11" lastPageNumber="533" masterDocId="FFCFEC47E075FF9DC750FFEAA8211077" masterDocTitle="Revision of Opeatocerata Melander, 1928 (Diptera: Empididae: Empidinae)" masterLastPageNumber="546" masterPageNumber="502" pageNumber="532" updateTime="1698305230595" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="92587A7C78B24D5138A61A434D351234">Revision of Opeatocerata Melander, 1928 (Diptera: Empididae: Empidinae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="08E93231820C9F5A44A5FCF37BF91BDB">Câmara, J. T.</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="03F6943FE06BFF82C7C7FF7DA94B157A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5285279" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119514711" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5285279" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F6943FE06BFF82C7C7FF7DA94B157A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F6943FE06BFF82C7C7FF7DA94B157A" lastPageId="31" lastPageNumber="533" pageId="30" pageNumber="532">
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<paragraph id="8BE02529E06BFF83C7C7FF7DAA9510C5" blockId="30.[151,692,151,211]" box="[151,692,151,178]" pageId="30" pageNumber="532">
<heading id="D0A89245E06BFF83C7C7FF7DAA9510C5" bold="true" box="[151,692,151,178]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="30" pageNumber="532" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C5F5EAAE06BFF83C7C7FF7DAA9510C5" ID-CoL="49TM2" authority="Wheeler &amp; Melander" authorityName="Wheeler &amp; Melander" box="[151,692,151,178]" class="Insecta" family="Empididae" genus="Opeatocerata" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="532" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubida">
<emphasis id="B92BF93BE06BFF83C7C7FF7DAA9510C5" bold="true" box="[151,692,151,178]" pageId="30" pageNumber="532">
<emphasis id="B92BF93BE06BFF83C7C7FF7DA9AE10C6" bold="true" box="[151,399,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="532">Opeatocerata rubida</emphasis>
(Wheeler &amp; Melander)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE02529E06BFF83C7C7FF50A96310A4" blockId="30.[151,692,151,211]" box="[151,322,186,211]" pageId="30" pageNumber="532">
(
<figureCitation id="136439ACE06BFF83C7CFFF50A91A10A4" box="[159,315,186,211]" captionStart="FIGURES 145 151" captionStartId="30.[151,264,1810,1833]" captionTargetBox="[160,1425,410,1779]" captionTargetId="figure@30.[160,1427,394,1789]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURES 145 151. Opeatocerata rubida (Wheeler &amp; Melander), holotype ♀. 145. habitus, lateral view; 146. wing; 147. thorax, fore, hind legs and abdomen, lateral view; 148. tergites 5 10, dorsal view; 149. tergites 7, 8 and genital fork, dorsal view; 150. terminalia, tergites 8 and 10, dorsal view; sternites 8 and 10, ventral view; 151. receptacle of spermatheca." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/252538/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="532">Figs 145151</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34576A2E06BFF83C7C7FEE9ABC51121" pageId="30" pageNumber="532" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BE02529E06BFF83C7C7FEE9ABC51121" blockId="30.[151,1436,258,342]" pageId="30" pageNumber="532">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB4F0207E06BFF83C7C7FEE9ABC51121" pageId="30" pageNumber="532">
<taxonomicName id="4C5F5EAAE06BFF83C7C7FEE9AA53116F" ID-CoL="8BZWD" authority="Wheeler &amp; Melander, 1901: 368" authorityName="Wheeler &amp; Melander" authorityPageNumber="368" authorityYear="1901" box="[151,626,258,280]" class="Insecta" family="Empididae" genus="Empis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="532" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubida">
<emphasis id="B92BF93BE06BFF83C7C7FEE9A901116F" box="[151,288,258,280]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="532">Empis rubida</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0AFE0338E06BFF83C676FEE8AA53116F" author="Wheeler" box="[294,626,258,280]" page="368" pageId="30" pageNumber="532" year="1901">
<bibRefCitation id="EFCE58D8E06BFF83C676FEE8AA1E116F" author="Wheeler" box="[294,575,258,280]" pageId="30" pageNumber="532" refString="Wheeler, W. M. &amp; Melander, A. L. (1901) Empididae In: Biologia Centrali Americana. Insecta Diptera, 1 (Supplement), 366 - 376." type="journal article" year="1901">Wheeler &amp; Melander, 1901</bibRefCitation>
: 368
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
;
<treatmentCitation id="0AFE0338E06BFF83C52CFEE8AB6E116F" author="Melander" box="[636,847,258,280]" page="302" pageId="30" pageNumber="532" year="1902">
<bibRefCitation id="EFCE58D8E06BFF83C52CFEE8AB3E116F" author="Melander" box="[636,799,258,280]" pageId="30" pageNumber="532" refString="Melander, A. L. (1902) A monograph of the North American. Empididae. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 28, 195 - 367, pls v-ix." type="journal article" year="1902">Melander, 1902</bibRefCitation>
: 302
</treatmentCitation>
(fig. wing);
<treatmentCitation id="0AFE0338E06BFF83C49FFEE8AC5A116F" author="Bezzi" box="[975,1147,258,280]" page="348" pageId="30" pageNumber="532" year="1909">
<bibRefCitation id="EFCE58D8E06BFF83C49FFEE8AC6A116F" author="Bezzi" box="[975,1099,258,280]" pageId="30" pageNumber="532" refString="Bezzi, M. (1909) Beitrage zur Kenntnis der sudamerikanischen Dipterenfauna auf Grund der Sammelergebnisse einer Reise in Chile, Peru und Bolivia, ausgefuhrt in den Jahren 1902 - 1904 von W. Schnuse. Nova Acta Academiae Caesareae Leopoldino-Carolinae Germanicae Naturae Curiosorum, 91, 293 - 407." type="journal article" year="1909">Bezzi, 1909</bibRefCitation>
: 348
</treatmentCitation>
(cit.).
<taxonomicName id="4C5F5EAAE06BFF83C7C7FEC8AA791140" ID-CoL="49TM2" authority="Melander, 1928: 135" authorityName="Melander" authorityPageNumber="135" authorityYear="1928" box="[151,600,289,311]" class="Insecta" family="Empididae" genus="Opeatocerata" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="532" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubida">
<emphasis id="B92BF93BE06BFF83C7C7FEC8A94E1140" box="[151,367,289,311]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="532">Opeatocerata rubida</emphasis>
:
<treatmentCitation id="0AFE0338E06BFF83C62EFECBAA791140" author="Melander" box="[382,600,289,311]" page="135" pageId="30" pageNumber="532" year="1928">
<bibRefCitation id="EFCE58D8E06BFF83C62EFECBAA021140" author="Melander" box="[382,547,289,311]" pageId="30" pageNumber="532" refString="Melander, A. L. (1928) Diptera, Fam. Empididae. In: Wytsman, O. (Ed.), Genera Insectorum. Fasc. 185. Louis Desmet- Verteneuil, Bruxelles, 434 pp." type="book" year="1928">Melander, 1928</bibRefCitation>
: 135
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
;
<treatmentCitation id="0AFE0338E06BFF83C535FECBAB2D1140" author="Smith" box="[613,780,289,311]" page="18" pageId="30" pageNumber="532" year="1967">
<bibRefCitation id="EFCE58D8E06BFF83C535FECBAAC61140" author="Smith" box="[613,743,289,311]" pageId="30" pageNumber="532" refString="Smith, K. G. V. (1967) Family Empididae, In: Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo (Ed.), A Catalogue of Diptera of Americas South of the United States, Sao Paulo, pp. 67." type="book chapter" year="1967">Smith, 1967</bibRefCitation>
: 18
</treatmentCitation>
(cat.);
<treatmentCitation id="0AFE0338E06BFF83C409FECBAC2C1140" author="Smith" box="[857,1037,289,311]" page="512" pageId="30" pageNumber="532" year="1989">
<bibRefCitation id="EFCE58D8E06BFF83C409FECBABFA1140" author="Smith" box="[857,987,289,311]" pageId="30" pageNumber="532" refString="Smith, K. G. V. (1989) The Neotropical genus Opeatocerata Melander (Diptera, Empididae). Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, 84 (Supplement), 511 - 516. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1590 / s 0074 - 02761989000800090" type="journal article" year="1989">Smith, 1989</bibRefCitation>
: 512
</treatmentCitation>
(redescription);
<treatmentCitation id="0AFE0338E06BFF83C3EAFEC8ADBD1140" author="Yang" box="[1210,1436,289,311]" page="146" pageId="30" pageNumber="532" year="2007">
<bibRefCitation id="EFCE58D8E06BFF83C3EAFEC8AD4A1140" author="Yang" box="[1210,1387,289,311]" pageId="30" pageNumber="532" refString="Yang, D., Zhang, K., Yao, G. &amp; Zhang, J. (2007) World Catalog of Empididae (Insecta: Diptera). China Agricultural University Press, Beijing, vi + 599 pp." type="book" year="2007">
Yang
<emphasis id="B92BF93BE06BFF83C3A5FEC8AD0F1140" box="[1269,1326,289,311]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="532">et al.,</emphasis>
2007
</bibRefCitation>
: 146
</treatmentCitation>
(cat.);
<treatmentCitation id="0AFE0338E06BFF83C657FEAAAA6C1121" author="Cumming" box="[263,589,320,342]" page="668" pageId="30" pageNumber="532" year="2009">
<bibRefCitation id="EFCE58D8E06BFF83C657FEAAAA3C1121" author="Cumming" box="[263,541,320,342]" pageId="30" pageNumber="532" refString="Cumming, J. M. &amp; Sinclair, B. J. (2009) Empididae (dance flies, balloon flies, predaceous flies). In: Brown, B. V., Borkent, A., Cumming, J. M., Wood, D. M., Woodley, N. E. &amp; Zumbado, M. A. (Eds.), Manual of Central American Diptera. Vol. 1. NRC Research Press, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, pp. 653 - 670." type="book" year="2009">Cumming &amp; Sinclair, 2009</bibRefCitation>
: 668
</treatmentCitation>
(cit.);
<treatmentCitation id="0AFE0338E06BFF83C5C1FEAAAB861121" author="Camara" box="[657,935,320,342]" page="37" pageId="30" pageNumber="532" year="2011">
<bibRefCitation id="EFCE58D8E06BFF83C5C1FEAAABA51121" author="Camara" box="[657,900,320,342]" pageId="30" pageNumber="532" refString="Camara, J. T. &amp; Rafael, J. A. (2011) Two new species of Opeatocerata Melander (Diptera, Empididae, Empidinae) from the Brazilian Amazon Basin. Zootaxa, 3062, 37 - 45." type="journal article" year="2011">Câmara &amp; Rafael, 2011</bibRefCitation>
: 37
</treatmentCitation>
(cit.).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF2075A1E06BFF83C7C7F8F8AD1C1711" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/252538/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="532" targetBox="[160,1425,410,1779]" targetPageId="30">
<paragraph id="8BE02529E06BFF83C7C7F8F8AD1C1711" blockId="30.[151,1436,1810,1894]" pageId="30" pageNumber="532">
<emphasis id="B92BF93BE06BFF83C7C7F8F8A9481750" bold="true" box="[151,361,1810,1833]" pageId="30" pageNumber="532">FIGURES 145151</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C5F5EAAE06BFF83C629F8F9AB6A175F" authority="Wheeler &amp; Melander" authorityName="Wheeler &amp; Melander" box="[377,843,1810,1832]" class="Insecta" family="Empididae" genus="Opeatocerata" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="532" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubida">
<emphasis id="B92BF93BE06BFF83C629F8F9AA70175F" box="[377,593,1810,1832]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="532">Opeatocerata rubida</emphasis>
(Wheeler &amp; Melander)
</taxonomicName>
, holotype ♀.
<emphasis id="B92BF93BE06BFF83C48DF8F8AC221750" bold="true" box="[989,1027,1810,1831]" pageId="30" pageNumber="532">145</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B92BF93BE06BFF83C342F8F8AC7C175F" box="[1042,1117,1810,1832]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="532">habitus</emphasis>
, lateral view;
<emphasis id="B92BF93BE06BFF83C3A7F8F8AD3C1750" bold="true" box="[1271,1309,1810,1831]" pageId="30" pageNumber="532">146</emphasis>
. wing;
<emphasis id="B92BF93BE06BFF83C220F8F8ADB71750" bold="true" box="[1392,1430,1810,1831]" pageId="30" pageNumber="532">147</emphasis>
. thorax, fore, hind legs and abdomen, lateral view;
<emphasis id="B92BF93BE06BFF83C5F4F8DBAAEB1731" bold="true" box="[676,714,1841,1862]" pageId="30" pageNumber="532">148</emphasis>
. tergites 510, dorsal view;
<emphasis id="B92BF93BE06BFF83C4A4F8DBAC3B1731" bold="true" box="[1012,1050,1841,1862]" pageId="30" pageNumber="532">149</emphasis>
. tergites 7, 8 and genital fork, dorsal view;
<emphasis id="B92BF93BE06BFF83C785F8BAA8DA1712" bold="true" box="[213,251,1872,1893]" pageId="30" pageNumber="532">150</emphasis>
. terminalia, tergites 8 and 10, dorsal view; sternites 8 and 10, ventral view;
<emphasis id="B92BF93BE06BFF83C4ACF8BAAC031712" bold="true" box="[1020,1058,1872,1893]" pageId="30" pageNumber="532">151</emphasis>
. receptacle of spermatheca.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C34576A2E06BFF82C7C7F867AAFF12DF" lastPageId="31" lastPageNumber="533" pageId="30" pageNumber="532" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BE02529E06BFF83C7C7F867AC531799" blockId="30.[151,1436,1933,2030]" pageId="30" pageNumber="532">
<emphasis id="B92BF93BE06BFF83C7C7F867A93017D1" bold="true" box="[151,273,1933,1958]" pageId="30" pageNumber="532">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Dark yellow species (
<figureCitation id="136439ACE06BFF83C55AF867AA4817D1" box="[522,617,1933,1958]" captionStart="FIGURES 145 151" captionStartId="30.[151,264,1810,1833]" captionTargetBox="[160,1425,410,1779]" captionTargetId="figure@30.[160,1427,394,1789]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURES 145 151. Opeatocerata rubida (Wheeler &amp; Melander), holotype ♀. 145. habitus, lateral view; 146. wing; 147. thorax, fore, hind legs and abdomen, lateral view; 148. tergites 5 10, dorsal view; 149. tergites 7, 8 and genital fork, dorsal view; 150. terminalia, tergites 8 and 10, dorsal view; sternites 8 and 10, ventral view; 151. receptacle of spermatheca." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/252538/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="532">Fig. 145</figureCitation>
) except for brown anterolateral and posterior margins on segments 8 and 10 (
<figureCitation id="136439ACE06BFF83C791F85BA97E17BD" box="[193,351,1969,1994]" captionStart="FIGURES 145 151" captionStartId="30.[151,264,1810,1833]" captionTargetBox="[160,1425,410,1779]" captionTargetId="figure@30.[160,1427,394,1789]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURES 145 151. Opeatocerata rubida (Wheeler &amp; Melander), holotype ♀. 145. habitus, lateral view; 146. wing; 147. thorax, fore, hind legs and abdomen, lateral view; 148. tergites 5 10, dorsal view; 149. tergites 7, 8 and genital fork, dorsal view; 150. terminalia, tergites 8 and 10, dorsal view; sternites 8 and 10, ventral view; 151. receptacle of spermatheca." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/252538/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="532">Figs 148, 150</figureCitation>
); fore tarsomeres black (
<figureCitation id="136439ACE06BFF83C521F85BAAF217BE" box="[625,723,1969,1994]" captionStart="FIGURES 145 151" captionStartId="30.[151,264,1810,1833]" captionTargetBox="[160,1425,410,1779]" captionTargetId="figure@30.[160,1427,394,1789]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURES 145 151. Opeatocerata rubida (Wheeler &amp; Melander), holotype ♀. 145. habitus, lateral view; 146. wing; 147. thorax, fore, hind legs and abdomen, lateral view; 148. tergites 5 10, dorsal view; 149. tergites 7, 8 and genital fork, dorsal view; 150. terminalia, tergites 8 and 10, dorsal view; sternites 8 and 10, ventral view; 151. receptacle of spermatheca." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/252538/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="532">Fig. 147</figureCitation>
); sternite 8 with anterolateral angles and acute apex brown (
<figureCitation id="136439ACE06BFF83C23FF85BA8E41799" captionStart="FIGURES 145 151" captionStartId="30.[151,264,1810,1833]" captionTargetBox="[160,1425,410,1779]" captionTargetId="figure@30.[160,1427,394,1789]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURES 145 151. Opeatocerata rubida (Wheeler &amp; Melander), holotype ♀. 145. habitus, lateral view; 146. wing; 147. thorax, fore, hind legs and abdomen, lateral view; 148. tergites 5 10, dorsal view; 149. tergites 7, 8 and genital fork, dorsal view; 150. terminalia, tergites 8 and 10, dorsal view; sternites 8 and 10, ventral view; 151. receptacle of spermatheca." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/252538/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="532">Fig. 150</figureCitation>
); and genital fork with base longer than wide and arms separated at apex (
<figureCitation id="136439ACE06BFF83C353F83FAC441799" box="[1027,1125,2005,2030]" captionStart="FIGURES 145 151" captionStartId="30.[151,264,1810,1833]" captionTargetBox="[160,1425,410,1779]" captionTargetId="figure@30.[160,1427,394,1789]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURES 145 151. Opeatocerata rubida (Wheeler &amp; Melander), holotype ♀. 145. habitus, lateral view; 146. wing; 147. thorax, fore, hind legs and abdomen, lateral view; 148. tergites 5 10, dorsal view; 149. tergites 7, 8 and genital fork, dorsal view; 150. terminalia, tergites 8 and 10, dorsal view; sternites 8 and 10, ventral view; 151. receptacle of spermatheca." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/252538/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="532">Fig. 149</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE02529E06AFF82C797FF7DAC4812F2" blockId="31.[151,1437,151,1293]" pageId="31" pageNumber="533">
<emphasis id="B92BF93BE06AFF82C797FF7DA9FC10C7" bold="true" box="[199,477,151,176]" pageId="31" pageNumber="533">Re-description. Female</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="136439ACE06AFF82C6BFFF7DAA7210C7" box="[495,595,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURES 145 151" captionStartId="30.[151,264,1810,1833]" captionTargetBox="[160,1425,410,1779]" captionTargetId="figure@30.[160,1427,394,1789]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURES 145 151. Opeatocerata rubida (Wheeler &amp; Melander), holotype ♀. 145. habitus, lateral view; 146. wing; 147. thorax, fore, hind legs and abdomen, lateral view; 148. tergites 5 10, dorsal view; 149. tergites 7, 8 and genital fork, dorsal view; 150. terminalia, tergites 8 and 10, dorsal view; sternites 8 and 10, ventral view; 151. receptacle of spermatheca." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/252538/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="533">Fig. 145</figureCitation>
).
<emphasis id="B92BF93BE06AFF82C538FF7DAA8910C7" bold="true" box="[616,680,151,176]" pageId="31" pageNumber="533">Head</emphasis>
: Frons dark brown, shiny, as wide as superior margin of the face. Face dark brown, shiny, slightly convergent toward the proboscis, about
<date id="FFE103E9E06AFF82C4A0FF56AC3210A3" box="[1008,1043,188,212]" pageId="31" pageNumber="533">2X</date>
longer than lower width. Ocellar tubercle dark brown with gray pruinescence; ocelli brown. Antenna brown; postpedicel about 1.5X longer than pedicel; stylus about
<date id="FFE103E9E06AFF82C6D5FEEEA986116B" box="[389,423,260,284]" pageId="31" pageNumber="533">2X</date>
longer than first flagellomere. Proboscis yellow, slightly longer than head height.
<emphasis id="B92BF93BE06AFF82C213FEEEADBD116A" bold="true" box="[1347,1436,260,285]" pageId="31" pageNumber="533">Thorax</emphasis>
dark yellow, shiny (
<figureCitation id="136439ACE06AFF82C62DFECDA9C31137" box="[381,482,295,320]" captionStart="FIGURES 145 151" captionStartId="30.[151,264,1810,1833]" captionTargetBox="[160,1425,410,1779]" captionTargetId="figure@30.[160,1427,394,1789]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURES 145 151. Opeatocerata rubida (Wheeler &amp; Melander), holotype ♀. 145. habitus, lateral view; 146. wing; 147. thorax, fore, hind legs and abdomen, lateral view; 148. tergites 5 10, dorsal view; 149. tergites 7, 8 and genital fork, dorsal view; 150. terminalia, tergites 8 and 10, dorsal view; sternites 8 and 10, ventral view; 151. receptacle of spermatheca." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/252538/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="533">Fig. 145</figureCitation>
). Legs predominantly yellow with bristles of varying length; fore tarsi black; hind femur with apical black ring; hind tibia with black distal third, mid and hind legs with apex of tarsomere 1 and tarsomeres 25 black (
<figureCitation id="136439ACE06AFF82C6CAFE85A9DF11FF" box="[410,510,367,392]" captionStart="FIGURES 145 151" captionStartId="30.[151,264,1810,1833]" captionTargetBox="[160,1425,410,1779]" captionTargetId="figure@30.[160,1427,394,1789]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURES 145 151. Opeatocerata rubida (Wheeler &amp; Melander), holotype ♀. 145. habitus, lateral view; 146. wing; 147. thorax, fore, hind legs and abdomen, lateral view; 148. tergites 5 10, dorsal view; 149. tergites 7, 8 and genital fork, dorsal view; 150. terminalia, tergites 8 and 10, dorsal view; sternites 8 and 10, ventral view; 151. receptacle of spermatheca." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/252538/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="533">Fig. 147</figureCitation>
).
<emphasis id="B92BF93BE06AFF82C543FE85AA7511FF" bold="true" box="[531,596,367,392]" pageId="31" pageNumber="533">Wing</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="136439ACE06AFF82C535FE85AAE711FF" box="[613,710,367,392]" captionStart="FIGURES 145 151" captionStartId="30.[151,264,1810,1833]" captionTargetBox="[160,1425,410,1779]" captionTargetId="figure@30.[160,1427,394,1789]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURES 145 151. Opeatocerata rubida (Wheeler &amp; Melander), holotype ♀. 145. habitus, lateral view; 146. wing; 147. thorax, fore, hind legs and abdomen, lateral view; 148. tergites 5 10, dorsal view; 149. tergites 7, 8 and genital fork, dorsal view; 150. terminalia, tergites 8 and 10, dorsal view; sternites 8 and 10, ventral view; 151. receptacle of spermatheca." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/252538/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="533">Fig. 146</figureCitation>
) hyaline; pterostigma brown, conspicuously, about 3.5X longer than wide. Halter yellow.
<emphasis id="B92BF93BE06AFF82C6E5FE7EAA0B11DA" bold="true" box="[437,554,404,429]" pageId="31" pageNumber="533">Abdomen</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="136439ACE06AFF82C569FE7EAAB911DA" box="[569,664,404,429]" captionStart="FIGURES 145 151" captionStartId="30.[151,264,1810,1833]" captionTargetBox="[160,1425,410,1779]" captionTargetId="figure@30.[160,1427,394,1789]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURES 145 151. Opeatocerata rubida (Wheeler &amp; Melander), holotype ♀. 145. habitus, lateral view; 146. wing; 147. thorax, fore, hind legs and abdomen, lateral view; 148. tergites 5 10, dorsal view; 149. tergites 7, 8 and genital fork, dorsal view; 150. terminalia, tergites 8 and 10, dorsal view; sternites 8 and 10, ventral view; 151. receptacle of spermatheca." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/252538/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="533">Fig. 145</figureCitation>
) dark yellow, except anterolateral and posterior margins on segments 8 and 10 brown (
<figureCitation id="136439ACE06AFF82C634FE5DAA2A11A7" box="[356,523,439,464]" captionStart="FIGURES 145 151" captionStartId="30.[151,264,1810,1833]" captionTargetBox="[160,1425,410,1779]" captionTargetId="figure@30.[160,1427,394,1789]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURES 145 151. Opeatocerata rubida (Wheeler &amp; Melander), holotype ♀. 145. habitus, lateral view; 146. wing; 147. thorax, fore, hind legs and abdomen, lateral view; 148. tergites 5 10, dorsal view; 149. tergites 7, 8 and genital fork, dorsal view; 150. terminalia, tergites 8 and 10, dorsal view; sternites 8 and 10, ventral view; 151. receptacle of spermatheca." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/252538/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="533">Figs 148, 150</figureCitation>
); bristles yellow, longer laterally in all segments and scattered on tergites and sternites 8 and 10.
<emphasis id="B92BF93BE06AFF82C639FE36A9CD1182" bold="true" box="[361,492,476,501]" pageId="31" pageNumber="533">Terminalia</emphasis>
: Tergite 8 subrectangular with brown apex and concave posterior margin (
<figureCitation id="136439ACE06AFF82C27EFE36ADB11182" box="[1326,1424,476,501]" captionStart="FIGURES 145 151" captionStartId="30.[151,264,1810,1833]" captionTargetBox="[160,1425,410,1779]" captionTargetId="figure@30.[160,1427,394,1789]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURES 145 151. Opeatocerata rubida (Wheeler &amp; Melander), holotype ♀. 145. habitus, lateral view; 146. wing; 147. thorax, fore, hind legs and abdomen, lateral view; 148. tergites 5 10, dorsal view; 149. tergites 7, 8 and genital fork, dorsal view; 150. terminalia, tergites 8 and 10, dorsal view; sternites 8 and 10, ventral view; 151. receptacle of spermatheca." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/252538/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="533">Fig. 150</figureCitation>
). Sternite 8 with wider and concave base and acute apex; anterolateral angle and apex brown (
<figureCitation id="136439ACE06AFF82C3CFFE15AD20126F" box="[1183,1281,511,536]" captionStart="FIGURES 145 151" captionStartId="30.[151,264,1810,1833]" captionTargetBox="[160,1425,410,1779]" captionTargetId="figure@30.[160,1427,394,1789]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURES 145 151. Opeatocerata rubida (Wheeler &amp; Melander), holotype ♀. 145. habitus, lateral view; 146. wing; 147. thorax, fore, hind legs and abdomen, lateral view; 148. tergites 5 10, dorsal view; 149. tergites 7, 8 and genital fork, dorsal view; 150. terminalia, tergites 8 and 10, dorsal view; sternites 8 and 10, ventral view; 151. receptacle of spermatheca." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/252538/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="533">Fig. 150</figureCitation>
). Genital fork with base longer than wide (
<figureCitation id="136439ACE06AFF82C683FDCEAA14124B" box="[467,565,548,573]" captionStart="FIGURES 145 151" captionStartId="30.[151,264,1810,1833]" captionTargetBox="[160,1425,410,1779]" captionTargetId="figure@30.[160,1427,394,1789]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURES 145 151. Opeatocerata rubida (Wheeler &amp; Melander), holotype ♀. 145. habitus, lateral view; 146. wing; 147. thorax, fore, hind legs and abdomen, lateral view; 148. tergites 5 10, dorsal view; 149. tergites 7, 8 and genital fork, dorsal view; 150. terminalia, tergites 8 and 10, dorsal view; sternites 8 and 10, ventral view; 151. receptacle of spermatheca." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/252538/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="533">Fig. 149</figureCitation>
); arms separated at apex. Tergite 10 undivided, about half the length of tergite 8 (
<figureCitation id="136439ACE06AFF82C7E8FDADA93F1217" box="[184,286,583,608]" captionStart="FIGURES 145 151" captionStartId="30.[151,264,1810,1833]" captionTargetBox="[160,1425,410,1779]" captionTargetId="figure@30.[160,1427,394,1789]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURES 145 151. Opeatocerata rubida (Wheeler &amp; Melander), holotype ♀. 145. habitus, lateral view; 146. wing; 147. thorax, fore, hind legs and abdomen, lateral view; 148. tergites 5 10, dorsal view; 149. tergites 7, 8 and genital fork, dorsal view; 150. terminalia, tergites 8 and 10, dorsal view; sternites 8 and 10, ventral view; 151. receptacle of spermatheca." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/252538/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="533">Fig. 150</figureCitation>
). Sternite 10 with straight base and slightly bilobed at apex (
<figureCitation id="136439ACE06AFF82C4BCFDADAC731217" box="[1004,1106,583,608]" captionStart="FIGURES 145 151" captionStartId="30.[151,264,1810,1833]" captionTargetBox="[160,1425,410,1779]" captionTargetId="figure@30.[160,1427,394,1789]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURES 145 151. Opeatocerata rubida (Wheeler &amp; Melander), holotype ♀. 145. habitus, lateral view; 146. wing; 147. thorax, fore, hind legs and abdomen, lateral view; 148. tergites 5 10, dorsal view; 149. tergites 7, 8 and genital fork, dorsal view; 150. terminalia, tergites 8 and 10, dorsal view; sternites 8 and 10, ventral view; 151. receptacle of spermatheca." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/252538/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="533">Fig. 150</figureCitation>
). Receptacle of spermatheca spherical (
<figureCitation id="136439ACE06AFF82C65BFD86A97F12F2" box="[267,350,620,645]" captionStart="FIGURES 47 57" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1814,1837]" captionTargetBox="[151,1417,194,1792]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[151,1436,193,1794]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 47 57. Opeatocerata chaetohypandrialis sp. nov., holotype ♂. 47. habitus, lateral view; 48. wing; 49. abdomen from tergite 4 to terminalia, lateral view; 50. tergites 3 8, dorsal view; 51. terminalia, lateral view; 52. lobes of cerci, dorsal view; 53. descendant plate of anterior cercus and hypropoct, posterior view; 54. subepandrial sclerite and bacilliform sclerite, dorsal view; 55. ejaculatory apodeme, phallus and hypandrium, lateral view; 56. apex of phallus, ventral view; 57. hypandrium, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/252526/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="533">Fig. 51</figureCitation>
).
<emphasis id="B92BF93BE06AFF82C623FD86AA1912F2" bold="true" box="[371,568,620,645]" pageId="31" pageNumber="533">Specimen length</emphasis>
: 4.0 mm;
<emphasis id="B92BF93BE06AFF82C5FBFD86AB1712F2" bold="true" box="[683,822,620,645]" pageId="31" pageNumber="533">wing length</emphasis>
:
<quantity id="4CA788CCE06AFF82C414FD86ABBC12F3" box="[836,925,620,645]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" pageId="31" pageNumber="533" unit="mm" value="4.5">4.5 mm</quantity>
.
<emphasis id="B92BF93BE06AFF82C4F8FD86ABC512F2" bold="true" box="[936,996,620,645]" pageId="31" pageNumber="533">Male</emphasis>
. Unknown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE02529E06AFF82C797FD65AAFF12DF" blockId="31.[151,1437,151,1293]" box="[199,734,655,680]" pageId="31" pageNumber="533">
<emphasis id="B92BF93BE06AFF82C797FD65A9DC12DF" bold="true" box="[199,509,655,680]" pageId="31" pageNumber="533">Geographical distribution</emphasis>
.
<collectingCountry id="F34865B9E06AFF82C55BFD65AA4112DF" box="[523,608,655,680]" name="Mexico" pageId="31" pageNumber="533">Mexico</collectingCountry>
(
<figureCitation id="136439ACE06AFF82C520FD65AAF012DF" box="[624,721,655,680]" captionStart="FIGURE 211" captionStartId="42.[151,250,1955,1977]" captionTargetBox="[235,1368,193,1934]" captionTargetId="figure@42.[216,1371,193,1934]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="FIGURE 211. Geographic distribution of species of Opeatocerata." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/252546/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="533">Fig. 211</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34576A2E06AFF82C797FD5EAB9A134F" pageId="31" pageNumber="533" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BE02529E06AFF82C797FD5EA9241287" blockId="31.[151,1437,151,1293]" pageId="31" pageNumber="533">
<emphasis id="B92BF93BE06AFF82C797FD5EA95312BA" bold="true" box="[199,370,692,717]" pageId="31" pageNumber="533">
<typeStatus id="54E49B8BE06AFF82C797FD5EA92312BA" box="[199,258,692,717]" pageId="31" pageNumber="533">Type</typeStatus>
material
</emphasis>
.
<typeStatus id="54E49B8BE06AFF82C6D6FD5EAA0412BA" box="[390,549,692,717]" pageId="31" pageNumber="533" type="holotype">
<emphasis id="B92BF93BE06AFF82C6D6FD5EAA0412BA" bold="true" box="[390,549,692,717]" pageId="31" pageNumber="533">HOLOTYPE</emphasis>
</typeStatus>
♀, labelled:
<collectingCountry id="F34865B9E06AFF82C596FD5EAB3F12BA" box="[710,798,692,717]" name="Mexico" pageId="31" pageNumber="533">Mexico</collectingCountry>
, Chilpanchingo, Guerrero,
<quantity id="4CA788CCE06AFF82C30FFD5EAC9612BA" box="[1119,1207,692,717]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.40208" pageId="31" pageNumber="533" unit="ft" value="4600.0">4600 ft</quantity>
. june. H. H. Smith (
<collectionCode id="ED4EBDECE06AFF82C7CFFD32A8D81287" box="[159,249,728,752]" pageId="31" pageNumber="533">BMNH</collectionCode>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE02529E06AFF82C797FD16AB9A134F" blockId="31.[151,1437,151,1293]" pageId="31" pageNumber="533">
<emphasis id="B92BF93BE06AFF82C797FD16A98B1362" bold="true" box="[199,426,764,789]" pageId="31" pageNumber="533">
<typeStatus id="54E49B8BE06AFF82C797FD16A9151362" box="[199,308,764,789]" pageId="31" pageNumber="533" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
condition
</emphasis>
. Left ocellar bristle and right antenna lost; left foreleg and right hindleg lost; right wing on microslide and left in plastic tube; abdomen in microtube with glycerin.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34576A2E06AFF82C797FCAEA94B157A" pageId="31" pageNumber="533" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BE02529E06AFF82C797FCAEA8DC139A" blockId="31.[151,1437,151,1293]" pageId="31" pageNumber="533">
<emphasis id="B92BF93BE06AFF82C797FCAEA915132A" bold="true" box="[199,308,836,861]" pageId="31" pageNumber="533">Remarks</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C5F5EAAE06AFF82C611FCAFAA0C132A" box="[321,557,836,861]" class="Insecta" family="Empididae" genus="Opeatocerata" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="533" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubida">
<emphasis id="B92BF93BE06AFF82C611FCAFAA0C132A" box="[321,557,836,861]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="533">Opeatocerata rubida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from all other species that have females known by a combination of the following characters (in parentheses, the states in other species): fore tarsomeres black (only fore tarsomeres 35 or 45 brown to black), mid and hind legs with apex of tarsomere 1 and tarsomeres 25 black (only 45 brown to black); sternite 8 with anterolateral angles and apex brown (yellow) and acute apex (rounded); segment 10 brown (yellow).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE02529E06AFF82C797FC1DA94B157A" blockId="31.[151,1437,151,1293]" pageId="31" pageNumber="533">
<emphasis id="B92BF93BE06AFF82C797FC1DA96E1467" bold="true" box="[199,335,1015,1040]" pageId="31" pageNumber="533">Comments.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C5F5EAAE06AFF82C607FC12AA641467" box="[343,581,1015,1040]" class="Insecta" family="Empididae" genus="Opeatocerata" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="533" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubida">
<emphasis id="B92BF93BE06AFF82C607FC12AA641467" box="[343,581,1015,1040]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="533">Opeatocerata rubida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was recorded for
<collectingCountry id="F34865B9E06AFF82C445FC12ABB01467" box="[789,913,1015,1040]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="31" pageNumber="533">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
(1 ♀) and
<collectingCountry id="F34865B9E06AFF82C341FC12AC4B1478" box="[1041,1130,1016,1039]" name="Panama" pageId="31" pageNumber="533">Panama</collectingCountry>
(1 ♀) by
<bibRefCitation id="EFCE58D8E06AFF82C38DFC1DADBD1467" author="Melander" box="[1245,1436,1015,1040]" pageId="31" pageNumber="533" refString="Melander, A. L. (1928) Diptera, Fam. Empididae. In: Wytsman, O. (Ed.), Genera Insectorum. Fasc. 185. Louis Desmet- Verteneuil, Bruxelles, 434 pp." type="book" year="1928">Melander (1928)</bibRefCitation>
and
<collectingCountry id="F34865B9E06AFF82C79AFBF6A93C1442" box="[202,285,1052,1077]" name="Bolivia" pageId="31" pageNumber="533">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
(2 ♀) by
<bibRefCitation id="EFCE58D8E06AFF82C6CBFBF6AA121443" author="Bezzi" box="[411,563,1052,1077]" pageId="31" pageNumber="533" refString="Bezzi, M. (1909) Beitrage zur Kenntnis der sudamerikanischen Dipterenfauna auf Grund der Sammelergebnisse einer Reise in Chile, Peru und Bolivia, ausgefuhrt in den Jahren 1902 - 1904 von W. Schnuse. Nova Acta Academiae Caesareae Leopoldino-Carolinae Germanicae Naturae Curiosorum, 91, 293 - 407." type="journal article" year="1909">Bezzi (1909)</bibRefCitation>
.
<bibRefCitation id="EFCE58D8E06AFF82C513FBF6AAFA1443" author="Smith" box="[579,731,1052,1077]" pageId="31" pageNumber="533" refString="Smith, K. G. V. (1989) The Neotropical genus Opeatocerata Melander (Diptera, Empididae). Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, 84 (Supplement), 511 - 516. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1590 / s 0074 - 02761989000800090" type="journal article" year="1989">Smith (1989)</bibRefCitation>
examined these specimens and noted that they were not
<taxonomicName id="4C5F5EAAE06AFF82C2D1FBF7A8C3142F" class="Insecta" family="Empididae" genus="Opeatocerata" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="533" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubida">
<emphasis id="B92BF93BE06AFF82C2D1FBF7A8C3142F" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="533">O. rubida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<bibRefCitation id="EFCE58D8E06AFF82C7A1FBD5A9A9142F" author="Smith" box="[241,392,1087,1112]" pageId="31" pageNumber="533" refString="Smith, K. G. V. (1989) The Neotropical genus Opeatocerata Melander (Diptera, Empididae). Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, 84 (Supplement), 511 - 516. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1590 / s 0074 - 02761989000800090" type="journal article" year="1989">Smith (1989)</bibRefCitation>
stated that the specimens from
<collectingCountry id="F34865B9E06AFF82C5A6FBAAAB52142F" box="[758,883,1087,1112]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="31" pageNumber="533">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="F34865B9E06AFF82C4FDFBAAAC271420" box="[941,1030,1088,1111]" name="Panama" pageId="31" pageNumber="533">Panama</collectingCountry>
were lighter, smaller, with hyaline, long and narrow wings; the specimen from
<collectingCountry id="F34865B9E06AFF82C5CEFB8EAB3D140A" box="[670,796,1124,1149]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="31" pageNumber="533">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
had a darker abdomen and the one from
<collectingCountry id="F34865B9E06AFF82C240FB8FAD48140B" box="[1296,1385,1125,1148]" name="Panama" pageId="31" pageNumber="533">Panama</collectingCountry>
had abdominal spots. Furthermore, the two specimens from
<collectingCountry id="F34865B9E06AFF82C45BFB6DAB7F14D7" box="[779,862,1159,1184]" name="Bolivia" pageId="31" pageNumber="533">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
did not have spots on the abdomen, had infuscated brown wings, and were more similar to
<taxonomicName id="4C5F5EAAE06AFF82C50DFB47AAE214B2" box="[605,707,1196,1221]" class="Insecta" family="Empididae" genus="Opeatocerata" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="533" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lopesi">
<emphasis id="B92BF93BE06AFF82C50DFB47AAE214B2" box="[605,707,1196,1221]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="533">O. lopesi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
than
<taxonomicName id="4C5F5EAAE06AFF82C453FB47AB5314B2" box="[771,882,1196,1221]" class="Insecta" family="Empididae" genus="Opeatocerata" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="533" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubida">
<emphasis id="B92BF93BE06AFF82C453FB47AB5314B2" box="[771,882,1196,1221]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="533">O. rubida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Therefore, specimens from
<collectingCountry id="F34865B9E06AFF82C3E9FB46AD1614B2" box="[1209,1335,1196,1221]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="31" pageNumber="533">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F34865B9E06AFF82C213FB47ADBD14B3" box="[1347,1436,1197,1220]" name="Panama" pageId="31" pageNumber="533">Panama</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="F34865B9E06AFF82C799FB25A93A149F" box="[201,283,1231,1256]" name="Bolivia" pageId="31" pageNumber="533">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
are not considered conspecific with
<taxonomicName id="4C5F5EAAE06AFF82C594FB3AAB12149F" box="[708,819,1231,1256]" class="Insecta" family="Empididae" genus="Opeatocerata" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="533" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubida">
<emphasis id="B92BF93BE06AFF82C594FB3AAB12149F" box="[708,819,1231,1256]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="533">O. rubida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and consequently the latter species is recorded so far only from
<collectingCountry id="F34865B9E06AFF82C65DFB1EA947157A" box="[269,358,1268,1293]" name="Mexico" pageId="31" pageNumber="533">Mexico</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>