178 lines
20 KiB
XML
178 lines
20 KiB
XML
<document id="AF45EA514E97336165CCD101F03F5C17" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.196005" ID-GBIF-Dataset="4a013300-d475-4db9-a5cf-bff30510ac4a" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="196005" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460236580651" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Castiglia, Riccardo, Annesi, Flavia, Bezerra, Alexandra M. R., García, Andrés & Flores-Villela, Oscar" docDate="2010" docId="03E2993FFFF3F45FFF48FB1A7FBAFD40" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02508p029.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2508" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Anolis (Norops) nebulosus Wiegmann" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="18" masterDocId="FFDBE147FFE3F44EFFDFFFF67F59FFFC" masterDocTitle="Cytotaxonomy and DNA taxonomy of lizards (Squamata, Sauria) from a tropical dry forest in the Chamela-Cuixmala Biosphere Reserve on the coast of Jalisco, Mexico" masterLastPageNumber="29" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="17" updateTime="1698239743649" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="F8D673E3EEF38A265C2ED1FF480444A1">Cytotaxonomy and DNA taxonomy of lizards (Squamata, Sauria) from a tropical dry forest in the Chamela-Cuixmala Biosphere Reserve on the coast of Jalisco, Mexico</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="920F0948312F381237D0DB4CF548E44F">Castiglia, Riccardo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="CB79BB367F8BCC950546EC133C513B7D">Annesi, Flavia</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="094F8340B4316C2C9154720C917B2E2B">Bezerra, Alexandra M. R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="02427D146474E09988AEC2E01127B42A">García, Andrés</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="518B7795D179CD44D1AE6C5C910CB19E">Flores-Villela, Oscar</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="1E0776E275E5BC9A4B1385A21E7B3881">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="953AE6A03805AF82CBFA657FB8E010C1">2010</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="5656A771B08286736FB7815E69ADB323">2508</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="429708D766D097D1771948D3AA08D2C1" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.196005</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03E2993FFFF3F45FFF48FB1A7FBAFD40" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6210586" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119388428" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6210586" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E2993FFFF3F45FFF48FB1A7FBAFD40" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E2993FFFF3F45FFF48FB1A7FBAFD40" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="18" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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<subSubSection id="C3517BA2FFF3F45EFF48FB1A7C41FAB2" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BF42829FFF3F45EFF48FB1A7C6EFAF9" blockId="16.[151,823,1259,1286]" box="[151,823,1259,1286]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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<heading id="D0BC9F45FFF3F45EFF48FB1A7C6EFAF9" bold="true" box="[151,823,1259,1286]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B93FF43BFFF3F45EFF48FB1A7C6EFAF9" bold="true" box="[151,823,1259,1286]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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<taxonomicName id="4C4B53AAFFF3F45EFF48FB1A7D31FAF9" authority="Wiegmann" authorityName="Wiegmann" box="[151,616,1259,1286]" class="Reptilia" family="Dactyloidae" genus="Anolis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nebulosus" subGenus="Norops">
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<emphasis id="B93FF43BFFF3F45EFF48FB1A7FBCFAFA" bold="true" box="[151,229,1260,1286]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Anolis</emphasis>
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(
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<emphasis id="B93FF43BFFF3F45EFF29FB1A7E17FAFA" bold="true" box="[246,334,1260,1286]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Norops</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis id="B93FF43BFFF3F45EFE80FB1A7E80FAFA" bold="true" box="[351,473,1260,1286]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">nebulosus</emphasis>
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Wiegmann
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</taxonomicName>
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(Clouded anole)
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BF42829FFF3F45EFF48FAC57C41FAB2" blockId="16.[151,1437,1331,2030]" box="[151,792,1331,1358]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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<emphasis id="B93FF43BFFF3F45EFF48FAC57EC0FAB1" bold="true" box="[151,409,1331,1357]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Specimens analysed:</emphasis>
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two males (CEAC20, CEAC21)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3517BA2FFF3F45FFF1BFAAF7FBAFD40" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="18" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="8BF42829FFF3F45EFF1BFAAF7C85FA64" blockId="16.[151,1437,1331,2030]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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<emphasis id="B93FF43BFFF3F45EFF1BFAAF7E29FA8F" bold="true" box="[196,368,1369,1395]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Distribution:</emphasis>
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Mexican endemic. Occurring from southern Sonora and northern Sinaloa, to western Guerrero, entering the Balsas Basin up to the southern State of
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<collectingCountry id="F35C68B9FFF3F45EFCA4FA887C81FA64" box="[891,984,1406,1432]" name="Mexico" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Mexico</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BF42829FFF3F45EFF1BFA557D48FA42" blockId="16.[151,1437,1331,2030]" box="[196,529,1443,1470]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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<emphasis id="B93FF43BFFF3F45EFF1BFA557E0CFA41" bold="true" box="[196,341,1443,1469]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Subspecies:</emphasis>
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not recognized.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BF42829FFF3F45EFF1BFA3F7A3DF8F2" blockId="16.[151,1437,1331,2030]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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The karyotype of
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<taxonomicName id="4C4B53AAFFF3F45EFE40FA3F7D62FA1E" box="[415,571,1481,1506]" class="Reptilia" family="Dactyloidae" genus="Anolis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nebulosus">
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<emphasis id="B93FF43BFFF3F45EFE40FA3F7D62FA1E" box="[415,571,1481,1506]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">A. nebulosus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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was briefly described by
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<bibRefCitation id="EFDA55D8FFF3F45EFCA6FA3F7B6FFA1F" author="Gorman" box="[889,1078,1481,1507]" pageId="16" pageNumber="27" refString="Gorman, G. C. (1973) The chromosomes of the Reptilia, a cytotaxonomic interpretation. In: Chiarelli, A. B. & Capanna, E. (Eds.), Cytotaxonomy and Vertebrate Evolution. Academic Press, New York, pp. 349 - 424." type="book chapter" year="1973">Gorman (1973)</bibRefCitation>
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from an individual male that shows 2n = 30, with 13 macro- and 17 microchromosomes, and this karyotype has been reported as a possible case of X-Y heteromophism. However,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFDA55D8FFF3F45EFD56F9E27C13F9D2" author="Gorman" box="[649,842,1556,1582]" pageId="16" pageNumber="27" refString="Gorman, G. C. (1973) The chromosomes of the Reptilia, a cytotaxonomic interpretation. In: Chiarelli, A. B. & Capanna, E. (Eds.), Cytotaxonomy and Vertebrate Evolution. Academic Press, New York, pp. 349 - 424." type="book chapter" year="1973">Gorman (1973)</bibRefCitation>
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did not show the karyotype.
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<bibRefCitation id="EFDA55D8FFF3F45EFB65F9E27A17F9D2" author="Lieb" box="[1210,1358,1556,1582]" pageId="16" pageNumber="28" refString="Lieb, C. S. (1981) Biochemical and karyological systematics of the Mexican lizards of the Anolis gadovi and A. nebulosus species groups (Reptilia: Iguanidae). PhD Dissertation, University of California, Los Angeles, USA." type="book" year="1981">Lieb (1981)</bibRefCitation>
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in his unpublished dissertation reported two different karyotypes for this species. Males from Sonora showed a karyotype with 2n = 36 chromosomes, 20 macro-chromosomes and 8 pairs of micro-chromosomes, including a pair of heteromorphic chromosomes. Males from Nayarit, Colima, Jalisco and Michoacán showed 2n = 30 chromosomes, of which 14 were macro-chromosomes, and the rest micro-chromosomes. A single pair of heterochromosomes was interpreted as XY sex chromosomes. Here we show for the first time the male karyotype of this species (
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<figureCitation id="137034ACFFF3F45EFE16F9027D48F8F2" box="[457,529,1780,1806]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="16.[151,254,1126,1150]" captionTargetBox="[225,1361,279,1078]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[188,1399,258,1105]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 9. Karyotype of Norops nebulosus, male (2 n = 30). Note the three pairs of heteromorphic chromosomes (pairs 5, 6 and 7)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/196015/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
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). Diploid number is 2n = 30 with 14 macro- and 16 microchromosomes.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BF42829FFF3F45EFF1BF8EF7FA4F85F" blockId="16.[151,1437,1331,2030]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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All the macrochromosomes are biarmed, metacentric or submetacentric, as well as the first two pairs of microchromosomes. Among the macrochromosomes, three pairs of heteromorphic chromosomes have been identified (tentatively pair numbers 5, 6 and 7,
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<figureCitation id="137034ACFFF3F45EFD06F8927C7DF882" box="[729,804,1892,1918]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="16.[151,254,1126,1150]" captionTargetBox="[225,1361,279,1078]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[188,1399,258,1105]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 9. Karyotype of Norops nebulosus, male (2 n = 30). Note the three pairs of heteromorphic chromosomes (pairs 5, 6 and 7)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/196015/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
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). These chromosomes differ in size and centromere position.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BF42829FFF3F45FFF1BF8587A56FF00" blockId="16.[151,1437,1331,2030]" lastBlockId="17.[151,1437,152,700]" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="18" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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The karyotype described here is probably identical to the one described by
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<bibRefCitation id="EFDA55D8FFF3F45EFB84F8587BB6F834" author="Lieb" box="[1115,1263,1966,1992]" pageId="16" pageNumber="28" refString="Lieb, C. S. (1981) Biochemical and karyological systematics of the Mexican lizards of the Anolis gadovi and A. nebulosus species groups (Reptilia: Iguanidae). PhD Dissertation, University of California, Los Angeles, USA." type="book" year="1981">Lieb (1981)</bibRefCitation>
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. However, we identified six unpaired chromosomes (rather than one). This is congruent with the complex system involving multiple sex chromosomes already described in other species of the genus (data from the ‘‘chromorep’’ database: http://www.scienze.univpm.it/professori/chromorep.pdf). Additional data on male and female individuals from this species are required to understand the significance of this bizarre karyotype.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BF42829FFF2F45FFF1BFEF17B08FE4B" blockId="17.[151,1437,152,700]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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<emphasis id="B93FF43BFFF2F45FFF1BFEF17EC8FEDD" bold="true" box="[196,401,263,289]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">DNA taxonomy:</emphasis>
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neither gene sequence for this species is present in GenBank. We used the NDH2 gene and flanking tRNAs (596 bp) to assess its phylogenetic affinity. This sequence was aligned with all the other species of
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<taxonomicName id="4C4B53AAFFF2F45FFEC8FEA47E37FE97" box="[279,366,338,363]" class="Squamata" family="Dactyloidae" genus="Norops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B93FF43BFFF2F45FFEC8FEA47E37FE97" box="[279,366,338,363]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Norops</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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present in GenBank (about 160 species). For ML the selected model was the Hasegawa, Kishino, Yano (HKY) model (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFDA55D8FFF2F45FFDD8FE8E7C48FE6E" author="Hasegawa" box="[519,785,376,402]" pageId="17" pageNumber="27" refString="Hasegawa, M., Kishino, H. & Yano, T. (1985) Dating the human-ape split by a molecular clock of mitochondrial DNA. Journal of Molecular Evolution, 22,160 - 174." type="book" year="1985">
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Hasegawa
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<emphasis id="B93FF43BFFF2F45FFD53FE8E7D93FE6D" box="[652,714,376,401]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">et al.</emphasis>
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1985
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</bibRefCitation>
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) with a proportion of invariable sites I = 0.2664, rate variation among sites (+G), and a gamma distribution shape parameter of 0.7310.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BF42829FFF2F45FFF1BFE347FBAFD40" blockId="17.[151,1437,152,700]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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The phylogenetic position of the species was not well supported probably due to the short sequence analysed (not shown). A relationship between
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<taxonomicName id="4C4B53AAFFF2F45FFD61FE1E7C0EFDFD" box="[702,855,488,513]" class="Reptilia" family="Dactyloidae" genus="Anolis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nebulosus">
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<emphasis id="B93FF43BFFF2F45FFD61FE1E7C0EFDFD" box="[702,855,488,513]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">N. nebulosus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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with
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<taxonomicName id="4C4B53AAFFF2F45FFC44FE1E7B67FDFD" box="[923,1086,488,513]" class="Squamata" family="Dactyloidae" genus="Norops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="quercorum">
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<emphasis id="B93FF43BFFF2F45FFC44FE1E7B67FDFD" box="[923,1086,488,513]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">N. quercorum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C4B53AAFFF2F45FFBA6FE1E7A45FDFD" box="[1145,1308,488,513]" class="Squamata" family="Dactyloidae" genus="Norops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nebuloides">
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<emphasis id="B93FF43BFFF2F45FFBA6FE1E7A45FDFD" box="[1145,1308,488,513]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">N. nebuloides</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, two other Mexican endemics, was supported with low bootstrap (50%) only by ML tree. These are the first data reporting the relationships of
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<taxonomicName id="4C4B53AAFFF2F45FFE28FDC47DC8FDB7" box="[503,657,562,587]" class="Reptilia" family="Dactyloidae" genus="Anolis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nebulosus">
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<emphasis id="B93FF43BFFF2F45FFE28FDC47DC8FDB7" box="[503,657,562,587]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">N. nebulosus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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with
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<taxonomicName id="4C4B53AAFFF2F45FFD0AFDC47C20FDB7" box="[725,889,562,587]" class="Squamata" family="Dactyloidae" genus="Norops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="quercorum">
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<emphasis id="B93FF43BFFF2F45FFD0AFDC47C20FDB7" box="[725,889,562,587]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">N. quercorum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<emphasis id="B93FF43BFFF2F45FFC6BFDC47B06FDB7" box="[948,1119,562,587]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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<taxonomicName id="4C4B53AAFFF2F45FFC6BFDC47B02FDB7" box="[948,1115,562,587]" class="Squamata" family="Dactyloidae" genus="Norops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nebuloides">N. nebuloides</taxonomicName>
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.
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</emphasis>
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In fact only
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<taxonomicName id="4C4B53AAFFF2F45FFB27FDC47AC5FDB7" box="[1272,1436,562,587]" class="Squamata" family="Dactyloidae" genus="Norops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="quercorum">
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<emphasis id="B93FF43BFFF2F45FFB27FDC47AC5FDB7" box="[1272,1436,562,587]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">N. quercorum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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was included in the same morphological species group with
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<taxonomicName id="4C4B53AAFFF2F45FFCB0FDAE7B53FD8D" box="[879,1034,600,625]" class="Reptilia" family="Dactyloidae" genus="Anolis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nebulosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FF43BFFF2F45FFCB0FDAE7B53FD8D" box="[879,1034,600,625]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">N. nebulosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
while
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4B53AAFFF2F45FFB82FDAE7A5BFD8D" box="[1117,1282,600,625]" class="Squamata" family="Dactyloidae" genus="Norops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nebuloides">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FF43BFFF2F45FFB82FDAE7A5BFD8D" box="[1117,1282,600,625]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">N. nebuloides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
belongs to a different group recognized on the basis of morphological characters (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDA55D8FFF2F45FFC10FD8B7BD5FD6B" author="Etheridge" box="[975,1164,637,663]" pageId="17" pageNumber="26" refString="Etheridge, R. E. (1960) The relationships of the anoles (Reptilia: Sauria: Iguanidae): an interpretation based on skeletal morphology. Ph. D Dissertation, University of Michigan, Univ. Microfilms, Ann Arbor, Michigan." type="book" year="1960">Etheridge 1960</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDA55D8FFF2F45FFB47FD8B7A4FFD6B" author="Lieb" box="[1176,1302,637,663]" pageId="17" pageNumber="28" refString="Lieb, C. S. (1981) Biochemical and karyological systematics of the Mexican lizards of the Anolis gadovi and A. nebulosus species groups (Reptilia: Iguanidae). PhD Dissertation, University of California, Los Angeles, USA." type="book" year="1981">Lieb 1981</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDA55D8FFF2F45FFAFDFD8B7F8EFD40" author="Nicholson" pageId="17" pageNumber="28" refString="Nicholson, K. E. (2002) Phylogenetic analysis and a test of the current infrageneric classification of Norops (beta Anolis). Herpetological Monographs, 16, 93 - 120." type="journal article" year="2002">Nicholson 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |