196 lines
21 KiB
XML
196 lines
21 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="F50DCB1773F3F3772FED6BD3A4D5546F">The first Early Cretaceous representative of the fly family Tipulidae from the lower Barremian dysodiles of Lebanon (Diptera)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="A3A64DE052A4F3E627FC96CEDECF3469">Azar, Dany</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="762C7ABE28D6A461E89F1754031869A5">State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy, Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, China & Department of Natural Sciences, Faculty of Sciences II, Lebanese University, P. O. Box: 26110217, Fanar, Matn, Lebanon</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="69724CB9BCE750BD78FAC9FA9A5CB0C3">Nel, André</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="1637C06C78192D5079F8F150DB7CD696">Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité, ISYEB - UMR 7205 - CNRS, MNHN, UPMC, EPHE, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Sorbonne Universités, 57 Rue Cuvier, CP 50, Entomologie, F- 75005, Paris, France</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="982B4E82BEB30760040FE5A0AB1A26B9">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="12DD81D0533A92ED77E5100D62FADF8B">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="5882F94983C26AF4390C7CFE1697109B">2023-12-29</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03D4A5302470FFC0FF14853808FAF940" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10441169" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10441169" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D4A5302470FFC0FF14853808FAF940" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D4A5302470FFC0FF14853808FAF940" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="60" pageId="1" pageNumber="59">
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<paragraph id="8BC214262470FFC3FF14853809A5F987" blockId="1.[151,447,1549,1611]" box="[151,447,1549,1576]" pageId="1" pageNumber="59">
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<heading id="D08AA34A2470FFC3FF14853809A5F987" bold="true" box="[151,447,1549,1576]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="59" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B909C8342470FFC3FF14853809A5F987" bold="true" box="[151,447,1549,1576]" pageId="1" pageNumber="59">
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<taxonomicName id="4C7D6FA52470FFC3FF1485380940F987" authority="Azar & Nel, 2023" authorityName="Azar & Nel" authorityYear="2023" box="[151,346,1549,1576]" class="Insecta" family="Tipulidae" genus="Leptotarsus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reyi" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B909C8342470FFC3FF1485380940F987" bold="true" box="[151,346,1549,1576]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="59">Leptotarsus reyi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23A754F2470FFC3FEE2853B09A5F987" box="[353,447,1549,1575]" pageId="1" pageNumber="59" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C36747AD2470FFC3FF14850708C3F9EB" box="[151,217,1585,1611]" pageId="1" pageNumber="59" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BC214262470FFC3FF14850708C3F9EB" blockId="1.[151,447,1549,1611]" box="[151,217,1585,1611]" pageId="1" pageNumber="59">
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<figureCitation id="134608A32470FFC3FF14850708C3F9EB" box="[151,217,1585,1611]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1160,1184]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,179,1069]" captionTargetId="figure-17@2.[151,1436,179,1134]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Leptotarsus reyi sp. nov. A, Wing photograph. B, Line drawing of wing. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10441175" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10441175/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="59">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C36747AD2470FFC3FF14854F0C55F917" pageId="1" pageNumber="59" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BC214262470FFC3FF14854F0C55F917" blockId="1.[151,1436,1657,2008]" pageId="1" pageNumber="59">
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<emphasis id="B909C8342470FFC3FF14854F091CF933" bold="true" box="[151,262,1657,1683]" pageId="1" pageNumber="59">Material.</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="3B151E7B2470FFC3FE8F854F0C55F917" collectorName="Sciences II" country="Lebanon" location="Faculty of Sciences" pageId="1" pageNumber="59" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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<typeStatus id="54C6AA842470FFC3FE8F854F096EF933" box="[268,372,1657,1683]" pageId="1" pageNumber="59" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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F-INS-63124/5 (a complete forewing with pattern of coloration preserved), stored in the Natural History Museum of the Lebanese University,
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<location id="8EA242FD2470FFC3FD1585AB0B6BF917" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D4A5302470FFC0FF14853808FAF940:8EA242FD2470FFC3FD1585AB0B6BF917" box="[662,881,1693,1719]" country="Lebanon" name="Faculty of Sciences" pageId="1" pageNumber="59">
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Faculty of
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<collectorName id="268871F02470FFC3FC8C85AB0B6BF917" box="[783,881,1693,1719]" pageId="1" pageNumber="59">Sciences</collectorName>
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</location>
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II, Fanar,
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<collectingCountry id="F36A54B62470FFC3FC6685AB0C51F917" box="[997,1099,1693,1719]" name="Lebanon" pageId="1" pageNumber="59">Lebanon</collectingCountry>
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.
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C36747AD2470FFC3FF4485F708CDF95F" pageId="1" pageNumber="59" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="8BC214262470FFC3FF4485F708CDF95F" blockId="1.[151,1436,1657,2008]" pageId="1" pageNumber="59">
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<emphasis id="B909C8342470FFC3FF4485F70954F97B" bold="true" box="[199,334,1729,1755]" pageId="1" pageNumber="59">Etymology.</emphasis>
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After Dr Kevin Rey, who found the specimen during the field work in Jdeidet Bkassine in
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<date id="FFC332E62470FFC3FAC185F708C9F95F" pageId="1" pageNumber="59" value="2023-10">October 2023</date>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C36747AD2470FFC3FF44843F09C3F877" pageId="1" pageNumber="59" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BC214262470FFC3FF44843F0C9DF8CB" blockId="1.[151,1436,1657,2008]" pageId="1" pageNumber="59">
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<emphasis id="B909C8342470FFC3FF44843F0958F883" bold="true" box="[199,322,1801,1827]" pageId="1" pageNumber="59">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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Wing characters only. A darkened zone around Sc and R/R1 up to pterostigma; area between C and Sc hyaline; a short-curved stem of Rs, as long as R2+3+4; discal cell as long as wide; R2 very short, R5 distinctly curved; M3+4 making an opened angle with part of M3 posteriorly closing the discal cell.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC214262470FFC3FF44844309C3F877" blockId="1.[151,1436,1657,2008]" pageId="1" pageNumber="59">
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<emphasis id="B909C8342470FFC3FF44844309D6F82F" bold="true" box="[199,460,1909,1935]" pageId="1" pageNumber="59">Locality and horizon.</emphasis>
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Jdeidet Bkassine, Caza (District) Jezzine, Mouhafazet (Governorate) South
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<collectingCountry id="F36A54B62470FFC3FAB984430D86F82F" box="[1338,1436,1909,1935]" name="Lebanon" pageId="1" pageNumber="59">Lebanon</collectingCountry>
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(for map and outcrop illustrations see
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEC69D72470FFC3FDB984AC0B36F813" author="Azar, D. & De La Ferte, C. & El Hajj, L. & Nel, A. & Maksoud, S." box="[570,812,1945,1972]" pageId="1" pageNumber="59" pagination="192 - 198" refId="ref2891" refString="Azar, D., De La Ferte, C., El Hajj, L., Nel, A. & Maksoud, S. (2019) An exceptional ephemeropteran larva from the Lower Cretaceous dysodiles of Lebanon. Palaeoentomology, 2 (2), 192 - 198. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / palaeoentomology. 2.2.9" type="journal article" year="2019">
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Azar
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<emphasis id="B909C8342470FFC3FDF584AC0ABDF813" box="[630,679,1945,1971]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="59">et al</emphasis>
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., 2019: 193
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</bibRefCitation>
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, fig. 1; and
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEC69D72470FFC3FC2D84AF0CC9F813" author="Maksoud, S. & Granier, B. R. C. & Azar, D." box="[942,1235,1945,1972]" pageId="1" pageNumber="59" pagination="699 - 743" refId="ref4081" refString="Maksoud, S., Granier, B. R. C. & Azar, D. (2022) Palaeoentomological (fossil insects) outcrops in Lebanon. Carnets de Geologie, 22 (16), 699 - 743. https: // doi. org / 10.2110 / carnets. 2022.2216" type="journal article" year="2022">
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Maksoud
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<emphasis id="B909C8342470FFC3FB9F84AC0C56F813" box="[1052,1100,1945,1971]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="59">et al</emphasis>
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., 2022: 712
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</bibRefCitation>
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, fig. 11A and 716, fig. 15B); Lower Barremian.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<caption id="DF0244AE2473FFC0FF1487BE0CDBFB3F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10441175" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10441175" box="[151,1217,1160,1184]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10441175/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="60" startId="2.[151,250,1160,1184]" targetBox="[151,1436,179,1069]" targetPageId="2" targetType="figure">
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<paragraph id="8BC214262473FFC0FF1487BE0CDBFB3F" blockId="2.[151,1217,1160,1184]" box="[151,1217,1160,1184]" pageId="2" pageNumber="60">
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<emphasis id="B909C8342473FFC0FF1487BE0909FB00" bold="true" box="[151,275,1160,1184]" pageId="2" pageNumber="60">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C7D6FA52473FFC0FE9A87BF09A7FB00" authority="Azar & Nel, 2023" authorityName="Azar & Nel" authorityYear="2023" box="[281,445,1161,1184]" class="Insecta" family="Tipulidae" genus="Leptotarsus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reyi" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B909C8342473FFC0FE9A87BF09A7FB00" box="[281,445,1161,1184]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="60">Leptotarsus reyi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="B909C8342473FFC0FE4787BE0A36FB00" bold="true" box="[452,556,1160,1184]" pageId="2" pageNumber="60">
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23A754F2473FFC0FE4787BE0A0FFB00" box="[452,533,1160,1184]" pageId="2" pageNumber="60" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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A
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</emphasis>
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, Wing photograph.
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<emphasis id="B909C8342473FFC0FD7487BE0B12FB00" bold="true" box="[759,776,1160,1184]" pageId="2" pageNumber="60">B</emphasis>
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, Line drawing of wing. Scale bars = 1 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<subSubSection id="C36747AD2473FFC0FF4487C40D31F9D4" pageId="2" pageNumber="60" type="description">
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||
<paragraph id="8BC214262473FFC0FF4487C40D31F9D4" blockId="2.[151,1437,1266,1760]" pageId="2" pageNumber="60">
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<emphasis id="B909C8342473FFC0FF4487C40943FAAC" bold="true" box="[199,345,1266,1292]" pageId="2" pageNumber="60">Description.</emphasis>
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Wing
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<quantity id="4C85B9C32473FFC0FE2887C40A3BFAAD" box="[427,545,1266,1293]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.315" pageId="2" pageNumber="60" unit="mm" value="13.15">13.15 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
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||
<quantity id="4C85B9C32473FFC0FDEC87C40AD3FAAD" box="[623,713,1266,1293]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.1" pageId="2" pageNumber="60" unit="mm" value="3.1">3.1 mm</quantity>
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||
wide, hyaline, except for a double dark line along radial and subcostal veins and an elliptic pterostigmal spot,
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<quantity id="4C85B9C32473FFC0FD4786200B1FFA91" box="[708,773,1302,1329]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="60" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
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||
long,
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||
<quantity id="4C85B9C32473FFC0FCCD86200BBEFA91" box="[846,932,1302,1329]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="60" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.5 mm</quantity>
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||
wide, situated
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<quantity id="4C85B9C32473FFC0FBD386200CBDFA91" box="[1104,1191,1302,1329]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.7" pageId="2" pageNumber="60" unit="mm" value="9.7">9.7 mm</quantity>
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from wing base; area between vein Sc and C hyaline; vein Sc appressed to R/R1, ending into R1 at base of pterostigma, almost at level of first bifurcation of Rs, and re-emerging as a very short crossvein between R1 and C; base of Rs at
|
||
<quantity id="4C85B9C32473FFC0FA8A86680D45FAD9" box="[1289,1375,1374,1401]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.2" pageId="2" pageNumber="60" unit="mm" value="8.2">8.2 mm</quantity>
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||
from wing base; stem of Rs making a very open angle with R1 and a strong curve, short, as long as stem of R2+3+4; R2 very short, inclined upwards, shorter than R3, and ending into R1; R3
|
||
<quantity id="4C85B9C32473FFC0FC3286900C1DFA61" box="[945,1031,1446,1473]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="60" unit="mm" value="0.9">0.9 mm</quantity>
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||
long, obliquely directed towards C; R4 longer than R3,
|
||
<quantity id="4C85B9C32473FFC0FEF986FC09C8FA45" box="[378,466,1482,1509]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" pageId="2" pageNumber="60" unit="mm" value="2.1">2.1 mm</quantity>
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||
long; R5 making an opened angle at point of contact with crossvein r-m, then
|
||
<quantity id="4C85B9C32473FFC0FAD986FC0D87FA45" box="[1370,1437,1482,1509]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="60" unit="mm" value="4.0">4 mm</quantity>
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||
long, curved and ending at wing apex; r-m
|
||
<quantity id="4C85B9C32473FFC0FDF886D80ACBF9A9" box="[635,721,1518,1545]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="60" unit="mm" value="0.3">0.3 mm</quantity>
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long; discal cell dm very short, pentagonal, longer than wide,
|
||
<quantity id="4C85B9C32473FFC0FA0D86D808D9F98D" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="60" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="4C85B9C32473FFC0FE8485240946F98D" box="[263,348,1554,1581]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="60" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide; M1+2
|
||
<quantity id="4C85B9C32473FFC0FE7285240A4EF98D" box="[497,596,1554,1581]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="60" unit="mm" value="0.45">0.45 mm</quantity>
|
||
long distal of cell dm, M1
|
||
<quantity id="4C85B9C32473FFC0FCFE85240BC8F98D" box="[893,978,1554,1581]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" pageId="2" pageNumber="60" unit="mm" value="2.1">2.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, M2
|
||
<quantity id="4C85B9C32473FFC0FBC085240C82F98D" box="[1091,1176,1554,1581]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="2" pageNumber="60" unit="mm" value="1.6">1.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, M3
|
||
<quantity id="4C85B9C32473FFC0FA8A85240D44F98D" box="[1289,1374,1554,1581]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" pageId="2" pageNumber="60" unit="mm" value="1.9">1.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, M4
|
||
<quantity id="4C85B9C32473FFC0FF4685000900F9F1" box="[197,282,1590,1617]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="2" pageNumber="60" unit="mm" value="1.4">1.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
long; m-cu quite long,
|
||
<quantity id="4C85B9C32473FFC0FD9C85000A6EF9F1" box="[543,628,1590,1617]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="2" pageNumber="60" unit="mm" value="1.3">1.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, not in contact with cell dm; cell bm
|
||
<quantity id="4C85B9C32473FFC0FBC885000CB5F9F1" box="[1099,1199,1590,1617]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.55" pageId="2" pageNumber="60" unit="mm" value="6.55">6.55 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="4C85B9C32473FFC0FB7785000D42F9F1" box="[1268,1368,1590,1617]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.15" pageId="2" pageNumber="60" unit="mm" value="1.15">1.15 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide; vein CuA not making a pronounced angle at base of m-cu; CuA and CuP parallel; anal lobe rather broad.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C36747AD2473FFC0FF44854808FAF940" pageId="2" pageNumber="60" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC214262473FFC0FF44854808FAF940" blockId="2.[151,1437,1266,1760]" pageId="2" pageNumber="60">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909C8342473FFC0FF4485480921F938" bold="true" box="[199,315,1662,1688]" pageId="2" pageNumber="60">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
The other late Jurassic and early Cretaceous tipulid genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D6FA52473FFC0FC6885490D86F939" authority="Krzeminski & Ansorge, 1995" authorityName="Krzeminski & Ansorge" authorityYear="1995" box="[1003,1436,1662,1689]" class="Insecta" family="Tipulidae" genus="Tipunia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909C8342473FFC0FC6885490C5BF938" box="[1003,1089,1663,1688]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="60">Tipunia</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEC69D72473FFC0FBC985480D86F939" author="Krzeminski, W. & Ansorge, J." box="[1098,1436,1662,1689]" pageId="2" pageNumber="60" pagination="1 - 7" refId="ref3794" refString="Krzeminski, W. & Ansorge, J. (1995) New Upper Jurassic Diptera (Limoniidae, Eoptychopteridae) from the Solnhofen Lithographic limestone) (Bavaria, Germany). Stuttgarter Beitrage fur Naturkunde, (B), 221, 1 - 7." type="journal article" year="1995">Krzemiński & Ansorge, 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
strongly differs from the new fossil in the elongate stem of Rs (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEC69D72473FFC0FCC285940C93F91D" author="Krzeminski, W. & Ansorge, J." box="[833,1161,1698,1725]" pageId="2" pageNumber="60" pagination="1 - 7" refId="ref3794" refString="Krzeminski, W. & Ansorge, J. (1995) New Upper Jurassic Diptera (Limoniidae, Eoptychopteridae) from the Solnhofen Lithographic limestone) (Bavaria, Germany). Stuttgarter Beitrage fur Naturkunde, (B), 221, 1 - 7." type="journal article" year="1995">Krzemiński &Ansorge, 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEC69D72473FFC0FB10859408CEF940" author="Ribeiro, G. C. & Lukashevich, E. D." pageId="2" pageNumber="60" pagination="335 - 346" refId="ref4359" refString="Ribeiro, G. C. & Lukashevich, E. D. (2014) New Leptotarsus from the Early Cretaceous of Brazil and Spain: the oldest members of the family Tipulidae (Diptera). Zootaxa, 3753 (4), 335 - 346. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3753.4.4" type="journal article" year="2014">Ribeiro & Lukashevich, 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |