415 lines
54 KiB
XML
415 lines
54 KiB
XML
<document id="5828C74E381F0DF006BDF7BBA8306D8C" ID-CLB-Dataset="22494" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4765.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="8af5a092-f062-48c7-8d7c-f96ae6282bfa" ID-ISSN="1175-5334" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3774174" ID-ZooBank="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:C442D94C-0EB4-4509-B762-913707214819" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1588094957734" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Hodgson, Chris" docDate="2020" docId="03B2EA640AB646CE2CFCFAFCFEABD248" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4765.1.1.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4765 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Allokermes galliformis" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="157" masterDocId="FF8B921C0A2F46522C6BFF8EFFCBD747" masterDocTitle="A review of neococcid scale insects (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Coccomorpha) based on the morphology of the adult males" masterLastPageNumber="264" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="154" updateTime="1698837970293" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="C9867E89F506649910629268E24437EC">A review of neococcid scale insects (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Coccomorpha) based on the morphology of the adult males</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="819F378528F59D4750ED5870AE8411B0">Hodgson, Chris</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="894337876C3E40EF4018936F19B82C6B">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="7D142CAF8DB2A2B27A634CDE5F828983">2020</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="C137281DB76535CBB56D83A33F915B83">4765</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03B2EA640AB646CE2CFCFAFCFEABD248" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3796841" ID-GBIF-Taxon="163857776" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3796841" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B2EA640AB646CE2CFCFAFCFEABD248" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B2EA640AB646CE2CFCFAFCFEABD248" lastPageId="156" lastPageNumber="157" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">
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<subSubSection id="C30108F90AB646CB2CFCFAFCFDBCD2CB" box="[151,631,1394,1421]" pageId="153" pageNumber="154" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BA45B720AB646CB2CFCFAFCFDBCD2CB" blockId="153.[151,631,1394,1421]" box="[151,631,1394,1421]" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">
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<heading id="D0ECEC1E0AB646CB2CFCFAFCFDBCD2CB" bold="true" box="[151,631,1394,1421]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="153" pageNumber="154" reason="2">
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<emphasis id="B96F87600AB646CB2CFCFAFCFDBCD2CB" bold="true" box="[151,631,1394,1421]" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">
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<taxonomicName id="4C1B20F10AB646CB2CFCFAFCFDC3D2CB" ID-CoL="BX7Z" authority="(Riley)" baseAuthorityName="Riley" baseAuthorityYear="1881" box="[151,520,1394,1421]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Allokermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="153" pageNumber="154" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="galliformis">
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<emphasis id="B96F87600AB646CB2CFCFAFCFE60D2CA" bold="true" box="[151,427,1394,1421]" italics="true" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">Allokermes galliformis</emphasis>
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(Riley)
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<figureCitation id="132047F70AB646CB2E72FAFCFDA4D2CB" box="[537,623,1394,1420]" captionStart="FIGURE 62" captionStartId="155.[151,248,1903,1928]" captionTargetBox="[157,1430,191,1874]" captionTargetId="figure@155.[151,1436,181,1878]" captionTargetPageId="155" captionText="FIGURE 62. Allokermes galliformis (Riley). Macropterous male. (Kermesidae). Where A=cranial apophysis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3774298" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3774298/files/figure.png" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">Fig. 62</figureCitation>
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)
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C30108F90AB646CB2CFCFA3FFBE4D1FA" pageId="153" pageNumber="154" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BA45B720AB646CB2CFCFA3FFDD1D2A1" blockId="153.[151,1437,1455,1725]" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB0B7C5C0AB646CB2CFCFA3FFDD1D2A1" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">
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<treatmentCitation id="0ABA7D630AB646CB2CFCFA3FFDC5D28F" box="[151,526,1455,1480]" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">
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<taxonomicName id="4C1B20F10AB646CB2CFCFA3FFDC5D28F" ID-CoL="6NKTJ" authority="Riley 1881" authorityName="Riley" authorityYear="1881" box="[151,526,1455,1480]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="153" pageNumber="154" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="galliformis">
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<emphasis id="B96F87600AB646CB2CFCFA3FFE97D28F" box="[151,348,1456,1480]" italics="true" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">Kermes galliformis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF8A26830AB646CB2D0FFA21FDC5D28F" author="Riley, C. V." box="[356,526,1455,1480]" pageId="153" pageNumber="154" pagination="482" refId="ref210741" refString="Riley, C. V. (1881) A new species of oak coccid mistaken for a gall. American Naturalist, 15, 482. https: // doi. org / 10.1086 / 272839" type="journal article" year="1881">Riley 1881, 482</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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. Type data:
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<emphasis id="B96F87600AB646CB2EE6FA21FD0DD28F" bold="true" box="[653,710,1455,1480]" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">
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<collectingCountry id="F30C1BE20AB646CB2EE6FA21FD0AD28F" box="[653,705,1455,1480]" name="United States of America" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">USA</collectingCountry>
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,
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</emphasis>
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<collectingRegion id="49DF95900AB646CB2EA5FA21FCE0D28F" box="[718,811,1455,1480]" country="United States of America" name="Missouri" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">Missouri</collectingRegion>
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, Iron Mountain, on
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<taxonomicName id="4C1B20F10AB646CB2F97FA3EFB79D28F" ID-CoL="4R5QY" box="[1020,1202,1456,1480]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="153" pageNumber="154" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="palustris">
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<emphasis id="B96F87600AB646CB2F97FA3EFB79D28F" box="[1020,1202,1456,1480]" italics="true" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">Quercus palustris</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, by Warder.
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<typeStatus id="54A0E5D00AB646CB2952FA3EFA53D28F" box="[1337,1432,1456,1480]" pageId="153" pageNumber="154" type="syntype">Syntypes</typeStatus>
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, female. Type depository: USNM.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BA45B720AB646CB2CFCFA60FBB9D163" blockId="153.[151,1437,1455,1725]" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB0B7C5C0AB646CB2CFCFA60FBB9D163" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">
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<treatmentCitation id="0ABA7D630AB646CB2CFCFA60FE23D142" box="[151,488,1516,1541]" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">
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<taxonomicName id="4C1B20F10AB646CB2CFCFA60FE23D142" ID-CoL="6NKTH" authority="King 1914" authorityName="King" authorityYear="1914" box="[151,488,1516,1541]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="153" pageNumber="154" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="waldeni">
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<emphasis id="B96F87600AB646CB2CFCFA60FEF7D142" box="[151,316,1517,1541]" italics="true" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">Kermes waldeni</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF8A26830AB646CB2D2FFA62FE23D142" author="King, G. B." box="[324,488,1516,1541]" pageId="153" pageNumber="154" pagination="150 - 151" refId="ref205455" refString="King, G. B. (1914) A new species of Kermes from Connecticut. Journal of Economic Entomology, 7, 150 - 151. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / jee / 7.1.150" type="journal article" year="1914">King 1914, 150</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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–151. Type data:
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<emphasis id="B96F87600AB646CB2EF2FA62FD07D142" bold="true" box="[665,716,1516,1541]" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">
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||
<collectingCountry id="F30C1BE20AB646CB2EF2FA62FD07D142" box="[665,716,1516,1541]" name="United States of America" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">USA</collectingCountry>
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||
</emphasis>
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||
,
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||
<collectingRegion id="49DF95900AB646CB2EB1FA62FC9CD142" box="[730,855,1516,1541]" country="United States of America" name="Connecticut" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">Connecticut</collectingRegion>
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, Portland, on
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<taxonomicName id="4C1B20F10AB646CB2F83FA60FBF6D142" ID-CoL="8W2YL" box="[1000,1085,1518,1541]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="153" pageNumber="154" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B96F87600AB646CB2F83FA60FBF6D142" box="[1000,1085,1518,1541]" italics="true" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">Quercus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
sp.,
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||
<date id="FFA57DB20AB646CB2804FA63FB2ED142" box="[1135,1253,1517,1541]" pageId="153" pageNumber="154" value="1913-08-12">12/08/1913</date>
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||
, by B.H. Walden.
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<typeStatus id="54A0E5D00AB646CB2CACF982FEEDD163" box="[199,294,1548,1572]" pageId="153" pageNumber="154" type="syntype">Syntypes</typeStatus>
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||
, female. Type depository: USNM. Junior synonym,
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||
<treatmentCitation id="0ABA7D630AB646CB2F53F985FBA5D163" box="[824,1134,1547,1572]" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8A26830AB646CB2F53F985FBA5D163" author="Bullington & Kosztarab" box="[824,1134,1547,1572]" firstAuthor="Bullington" pageId="153" pageNumber="154" pagination="1 - 118" refId="ref198602" refString="Bullington, S. W. & Kosztarab, M. P. (1985) Studies on the morphology and systematics of scale insects-No. 12. I. Revision of the family Kermesidae (Homoptera) in the Nearctic region based on adult and third-instar females. Bulletin of the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Agricultural Experiment Station, 85 - 11, 1 - 118." type="journal article" year="1985">Bullington & Kosztarab, 1985</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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||
.
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA45B720AB646CB2CFCF9A5FE1DD1C7" blockId="153.[151,1437,1455,1725]" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">
|
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB0B7C5C0AB646CB2CFCF9A5FE1DD1C7" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">
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<treatmentCitation id="0ABA7D630AB646CB2CFCF9A5FE23D105" box="[151,488,1578,1603]" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B20F10AB646CB2CFCF9A5FE23D105" ID-CoL="3R653" authority="Ferris 1955" authorityName="Ferris" authorityYear="1955" box="[151,488,1578,1603]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="153" pageNumber="154" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="emoryi">
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<emphasis id="B96F87600AB646CB2CFCF9A5FEFFD105" box="[151,308,1579,1602]" italics="true" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">Kermes emoryi</emphasis>
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8A26830AB646CB2D51F9A4FE23D105" author="Ferris, G. F." box="[314,488,1578,1603]" pageId="153" pageNumber="154" refId="ref200753" refString="Ferris, G. F. (1955) Atlas of the Scale Insects of North America, v. 7, the Families Aclerdidae, Asterolecaniidae, Conchaspididae, Dactylopiidae and Lacciferidae. Stanford University Press, Palo Alto, California, 233 pp." type="book" year="1955">Ferris 1955, 197</bibRefCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
–198. Type data:
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||
<emphasis id="B96F87600AB646CB2EF5F9A4FD1AD104" bold="true" box="[670,721,1578,1603]" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30C1BE20AB646CB2EF5F9A4FD1AD104" box="[670,721,1578,1603]" name="United States of America" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
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||
,
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||
<collectingRegion id="49DF95900AB646CB2EB4F9A4FCF8D104" box="[735,819,1578,1603]" country="United States of America" name="Arizona" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">Arizona</collectingRegion>
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||
, near Prescott, on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B20F10AB646CB2F9DF9A5FB51D105" ID-CoL="6X3QX" box="[1014,1178,1579,1602]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="153" pageNumber="154" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="emoryi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96F87600AB646CB2F9DF9A5FB51D105" box="[1014,1178,1579,1602]" italics="true" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">Quercus emoryi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
.
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A0E5D00AB646CB28C1F9A4FAC2D105" box="[1194,1289,1578,1602]" pageId="153" pageNumber="154" type="syntype">Syntypes</typeStatus>
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||
, female. Type depository: The Bohart Museum of Entomology, University of
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||
<collectingRegion id="49DF95900AB646CB2F25F9C6FC7CD126" box="[846,951,1608,1633]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">California</collectingRegion>
|
||
, Davis,
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||
<collectingRegion id="49DF95900AB646CB2861F9C6FBB8D126" box="[1034,1139,1608,1633]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">California</collectingRegion>
|
||
, USA. Junior synonym,
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||
<treatmentCitation id="0ABA7D630AB646CB2904F9C6FE19D1C7" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8A26830AB646CB2904F9C6FE19D1C7" author="Bullington & Kosztarab" firstAuthor="Bullington" pageId="153" pageNumber="154" pagination="1 - 118" refId="ref198602" refString="Bullington, S. W. & Kosztarab, M. P. (1985) Studies on the morphology and systematics of scale insects-No. 12. I. Revision of the family Kermesidae (Homoptera) in the Nearctic region based on adult and third-instar females. Bulletin of the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Agricultural Experiment Station, 85 - 11, 1 - 118." type="journal article" year="1985">Bullington & Kosztarab 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA45B720AB646CB2CFCF909FC43D1D8" blockId="153.[151,1437,1455,1725]" box="[151,904,1670,1695]" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB0B7C5C0AB646CB2CFCF909FC43D1D8" box="[151,904,1670,1695]" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B20F10AB646CB2CFCF909FE2CD1D8" ID-CoL="6NL6S" authority="(Riley)" baseAuthorityName="Riley" box="[151,487,1670,1695]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermococcus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="153" pageNumber="154" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="galliformis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96F87600AB646CB2CFCF909FE5DD1D9" box="[151,406,1670,1694]" italics="true" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">Kermococcus galliformis</emphasis>
|
||
(Riley)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0ABA7D630AB646CB2D99F908FD42D1D9" box="[498,649,1670,1695]" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8A26830AB646CB2D99F908FD42D1D9" author="Kawai, S." box="[498,649,1670,1695]" pageId="153" pageNumber="154" pagination="1 - 54" refId="ref205360" refString="Kawai, S. (1972) Diagnostic notes and biology of the coccid species occurring on cultivated or wild trees and shrubs in Japan (Homoptera: Coccoidea). Bulletin of the Tokyo Agricultural Experiment Station, 6, 1 - 54." type="journal article" year="1972">Kawai 1972, 4</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
. Change of combination.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA45B720AB646CB2CFCF92BFBE4D1FA" blockId="153.[151,1437,1455,1725]" box="[151,1071,1700,1725]" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB0B7C5C0AB646CB2CFCF92BFBE4D1FA" box="[151,1071,1700,1725]" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B20F10AB646CB2CFCF92BFE04D1FA" ID-CoL="BX7Z" authority="(Riley)" baseAuthorityName="Riley" baseAuthorityYear="1881" box="[151,463,1700,1725]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Allokermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="153" pageNumber="154" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="galliformis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96F87600AB646CB2CFCF92BFEB5D1FA" box="[151,382,1701,1725]" italics="true" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">Allokermes galliformis</emphasis>
|
||
(Riley)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0ABA7D630AB646CB2DB1F92AFCE4D1FA" box="[474,815,1700,1725]" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8A26830AB646CB2DB1F92AFCE4D1FA" author="Bullington, S. W. & Kosztarab, M. P." box="[474,815,1700,1725]" pageId="153" pageNumber="154" pagination="1 - 118" refId="ref198602" refString="Bullington, S. W. & Kosztarab, M. P. (1985) Studies on the morphology and systematics of scale insects-No. 12. I. Revision of the family Kermesidae (Homoptera) in the Nearctic region based on adult and third-instar females. Bulletin of the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Agricultural Experiment Station, 85 - 11, 1 - 118." type="journal article" year="1985">Bullington & Kosztarab 1985, 45</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
. Change of combination.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C30108F90AB646CB2CFCF96DFC92D065" pageId="153" pageNumber="154" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA45B720AB646CB2CFCF96DFC92D065" blockId="153.[151,1436,1763,2037]" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96F87600AB646CB2CFCF96DFEB7D1B9" bold="true" box="[151,380,1763,1790]" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">Material examined</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96F87600AB646CB2DE6F96DFE0ED1B9" bold="true" box="[397,453,1763,1790]" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30C1BE20AB646CB2DE6F96DFE0ED1B9" box="[397,453,1763,1790]" name="United States of America" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49DF95900AB646CB2DBEF96AFDE2D1B9" box="[469,553,1764,1790]" country="United States of America" name="Florida" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">Florida</collectingRegion>
|
||
, Mataee Co., Fort De Soto National Memorial, on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B20F10AB646CB2813F96AFF1ED065" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="153" pageNumber="154" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="viginiana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96F87600AB646CB2813F96AFA81D1B9" box="[1144,1354,1764,1790]" italics="true" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">Quercus viginiana</emphasis>
|
||
(Fagaceae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFA57DB20AB646CB2C8BF889FE87D066" box="[224,332,1799,1825]" pageId="153" pageNumber="154" value="1977-01-10">10.i.1977</date>
|
||
, Avas Hamon (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED0AC3B70AB646CB2D9DF889FD85D066" box="[502,590,1799,1825]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="153" pageNumber="154" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
|
||
): 2/4 ad
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D1D90FB0AB646CB2EC6F889FD1ED065" box="[685,725,1799,1826]" pageId="153" pageNumber="154" type="male">♂♂</specimenCount>
|
||
(fair-good).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C30108F90AB646CE2CACF8A4FCD7D4E0" lastPageId="156" lastPageNumber="157" pageId="153" pageNumber="154" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA45B720AB646CB2CACF8A4FD89D002" blockId="153.[151,1436,1763,2037]" box="[199,578,1834,1861]" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96F87600AB646CB2CACF8A4FD89D002" bold="true" box="[199,578,1834,1861]" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">
|
||
Described from all
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D1D90FB0AB646CB2DC7F8A4FDF7D002" box="[428,572,1834,1861]" pageId="153" pageNumber="154" type="generic">4 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA45B720AB646CB2CACF8C0FB1FD0E9" blockId="153.[151,1436,1763,2037]" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96F87600AB646CB2CACF8C0FE69D02F" bold="true" box="[199,418,1869,1896]" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">Mounted material</emphasis>
|
||
: of moderate to small size, total body length
|
||
<quantity id="4CE3F6970AB646CB2FC7F8C0FB9FD02F" box="[940,1108,1870,1896]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2149999999999999" metricValueMax="1.23" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="153" pageNumber="154" unit="mm" value="1.2149999999999999" valueMax="1.23" valueMin="1.2">1.20–1.23 mm</quantity>
|
||
; antennae slightly more than half body length; body with few setae, fleshy setae (fs) few and sometimes hard to separate from hs; length of fs on antennae about twice width of flagellate antennal segments. Wings longer than total body length.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA45B720AB646C82CACF839FD1ED51D" blockId="153.[151,1436,1763,2037]" lastBlockId="154.[151,1437,153,2010]" lastPageId="154" lastPageNumber="155" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96F87600AB646CB2CACF839FECCD096" bold="true" box="[199,263,1975,2001]" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">Head</emphasis>
|
||
: appearing roundly triangular in dorsal view; width across genae
|
||
<quantity id="4CE3F6970AB646CB2F88F838FBBED095" box="[995,1141,1974,2002]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.075" metricValueMax="2.15" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="153" pageNumber="154" unit="mm" value="207.5" valueMax="215.0" valueMin="200.0">200–215 µm</quantity>
|
||
. Median crest (mc) poorly demarcated and not apparently reticulated. Preoccipital ridge (por) distinct and sclerotised, bifurcated laterally, posterior ridges slightly longer than anterior ridges; with (on each side) 4–6 fs + 6 hs dorsal head setae (dhs); pores absent. Mid-cranial ridge: dorsal ridge (dmcr) possibly absent; ventral ridge (vmcr) distinct and short, extending only about half-way to preocular ridge; lateral arms (lmcr) well developed; area ventral/posterior to vmcr not reticulated, broadest posteriorly, with 5–7 fs + 3–5 hs ventral mid-cranial ridge setae (vmcrs) on each side. Genae (g) not reticulated and without genal setae (gs). Eyes: with five pairs of round simple eyes: a large dorsal pair (dse) placed rather laterally, each
|
||
<quantity id="4CE3F6970AB546C82DB9FEC6FD8ED624" box="[466,581,328,355]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.75" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="4.5" pageId="154" pageNumber="155" unit="mm" value="47.5" valueMax="50.0" valueMin="45.0">45–50 µm</quantity>
|
||
wide; 3 pairs of small lateral eyes, each
|
||
<quantity id="4CE3F6970AB546C82865FEC7FB4AD624" box="[1038,1153,329,355]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.05" metricValueMax="3.3" metricValueMin="2.8" pageId="154" pageNumber="155" unit="mm" value="30.5" valueMax="33.0" valueMin="28.0">28–33 µm</quantity>
|
||
wide, in a line extending ventrally to larger ventral eyes (vse), each
|
||
<quantity id="4CE3F6970AB546C82E18FEE5FD2ED6C0" box="[627,741,363,391]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.6" metricValueMax="4.7" metricValueMin="4.5" pageId="154" pageNumber="155" unit="mm" value="46.0" valueMax="47.0" valueMin="45.0">45–47 µm</quantity>
|
||
wide. Ocelli (o) obvious; just about touching postocular ridge (pocr) posteriorly. Ocular sclerite (ocs) sclerotised and indistinctly polygonally reticulated. Preocular ridge (procr) very short dorsally, but extending ventrally to just mesad of each ventral eye. Postocular ridge (pocr) strongly developed, extending dorsally past posterior margin of each dorsal eye, not nearly reaching preoccipital ridge (por) medially. Dorsal ocular setae (docs) absent. Ventral head setae (vhs): none anterior to ventral eyes but with 2 or 3 setae between ventral eyes. Preoral ridge (pror) quite well developed. Cranial apophysis (ca) quite short and trifid but occasionally appearing bifid; length
|
||
<quantity id="4CE3F6970AB546C82E30FDB0FD1AD51D" box="[603,721,574,602]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.4" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="3.3" pageId="154" pageNumber="155" unit="mm" value="34.0" valueMax="35.0" valueMin="33.0">33–35 µm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA45B720AB546C82CACFDECFE70D434" blockId="154.[151,1437,153,2010]" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96F87600AB546C82CACFDECFEF1D53A" bold="true" box="[199,314,610,637]" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">Antennae</emphasis>
|
||
: 10-segmented and filiform;
|
||
<quantity id="4CE3F6970AB546C82EEDFDECFCDED53A" box="[646,789,610,637]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.375" metricValueMax="7.5" metricValueMin="7.25" pageId="154" pageNumber="155" unit="mm" value="737.5" valueMax="750.0" valueMin="725.0">725–750 µm</quantity>
|
||
long (ratio of total body length to antennal length 1:0.6). Scape (scp):
|
||
<quantity id="4CE3F6970AB546C82D43FD08FE50D5E7" box="[296,411,646,672]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.15" metricValueMax="3.3" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="154" pageNumber="155" unit="mm" value="31.5" valueMax="33.0" valueMin="30.0">30–33 µm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE3F6970AB546C82D89FD08FDE0D5E7" box="[482,555,646,672]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.6" pageId="154" pageNumber="155" unit="mm" value="46.0">46 µm</quantity>
|
||
wide, with 3 hs. Pedicel (pdc): length
|
||
<quantity id="4CE3F6970AB546C82FB7FD0BFB9AD5E7" box="[988,1105,645,672]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.05" metricValueMax="6.3" metricValueMin="5.8" pageId="154" pageNumber="155" unit="mm" value="60.5" valueMax="63.0" valueMin="58.0">58–63 µm</quantity>
|
||
, width
|
||
<quantity id="4CE3F6970AB546C828CFFD0BFAD1D5E7" box="[1188,1306,645,672]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.4" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="3.3" pageId="154" pageNumber="155" unit="mm" value="34.0" valueMax="35.0" valueMin="33.0">33–35 µm</quantity>
|
||
; with a few concentric ridges across whole width of segment; with 12 or 13 fs + 2–4 hs. Segments III–X all
|
||
<quantity id="4CE3F6970AB546C828A2FD27FAF7D584" box="[1225,1340,681,707]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" metricValueMax="2.8" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="154" pageNumber="155" unit="mm" value="24.0" valueMax="28.0" valueMin="20.0">20–28 µm</quantity>
|
||
wide: fs
|
||
<quantity id="4CE3F6970AB546C82CFCFD45FEC0D5A0" box="[151,267,715,743]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.25" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="3.5" pageId="154" pageNumber="155" unit="mm" value="42.5" valueMax="50.0" valueMin="35.0">35–50 µm</quantity>
|
||
long; lengths of segments (µm): III 138–142; IV 105–111; V 90–92; VI 90–92; VII 63–75; VIII 54–60 and IX 40–55; approximate number of setae per segment: III–VI each with 16–19 fs + 1 or 2 hs; VII 11–15 fs + 0 or 1 hs; VIII 10 or 11 fs, 0 or 1 hs + 1 bristle (ab); IX 12–14 fs, 0 or 1 hs + 1 ab. Segment X elongate oval, length 45–52 μm; not constricted apically; with 4 capitate setae (caps), 4–8 fs, 0 hs, 3 large + probably 2 small ab + 1 sensilla basiconica (sb) near apex.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA45B720AB546C82CACFCF2FD98D364" blockId="154.[151,1437,153,2010]" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96F87600AB546C82CACFCF2FEEBD4D1" bold="true" box="[199,288,892,918]" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">Thorax</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96F87600AB546C82D44FCF2FE62D4D1" bold="true" box="[303,425,892,918]" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">Prothorax</emphasis>
|
||
: pronotal ridge (prnr) well-developed but probably not fused dorsally; with a well-developed, striated, lateral pronotal sclerite (prn), without lateral pronotal (lpns) setae. Medial pronotal and post-tergital setae apparently absent. Post-tergites not detected. Sternum with a narrow transverse ridge, each with an apophysis; median ridge quite long and narrow, with 1 fs prosternal setae (stn
|
||
<subScript id="179F59370AB546C82FC4FC79FC7CD342" attach="both" box="[943,951,1015,1029]" fontSize="6" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">1</subScript>
|
||
s) on each side. Anteprosternal (astn
|
||
<subScript id="179F59370AB546C8293BFC79FA93D342" attach="both" box="[1360,1368,1015,1029]" fontSize="6" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">1</subScript>
|
||
s) and antemesospiracular setae (am
|
||
<subScript id="179F59370AB546C82D8AFB94FE22D36F" attach="both" box="[481,489,1050,1064]" fontSize="6" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">2</subScript>
|
||
s) absent.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA45B720AB546C82CACFBA2FC2CD111" blockId="154.[151,1437,153,2010]" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96F87600AB546C82CACFBA2FE9DD301" bold="true" box="[199,342,1068,1094]" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">Mesothorax</emphasis>
|
||
: prescutum (prsc) wider than long,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE3F6970AB546C82E92FBA2FCA4D300" box="[761,879,1068,1095]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.25" metricValueMax="8.7" metricValueMin="7.8" pageId="154" pageNumber="155" unit="mm" value="82.5" valueMax="87.0" valueMin="78.0">78–87 µm</quantity>
|
||
long;
|
||
<quantity id="4CE3F6970AB546C82FD7FBA5FB85D300" box="[956,1102,1067,1095]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.535" metricValueMax="1.58" metricValueMin="1.49" pageId="154" pageNumber="155" unit="mm" value="153.5" valueMax="158.0" valueMin="149.0">149–158 µm</quantity>
|
||
wide; sclerotised but not reticulated; with 1–4 pairs of small setae on outer margins; prescutal ridges (pscr) and prescutal suture (pscs) well developed. Scutum (sct): median membranous area quite large and quadrate,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE3F6970AB546C8286CFBFCFBB7D3CA" box="[1031,1148,1138,1165]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.25" metricValueMax="7.5" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="154" pageNumber="155" unit="mm" value="72.5" valueMax="75.0" valueMin="70.0">70–75 µm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE3F6970AB546C828ADFBFCFA9DD3CA" box="[1222,1366,1138,1165]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.555" metricValueMax="1.58" metricValueMin="1.53" pageId="154" pageNumber="155" unit="mm" value="155.5" valueMax="158.0" valueMin="153.0">153–158 µm</quantity>
|
||
wide, with sclerotised ridges along lateral margins, without setae; lateral margins of scutum sclerotised but not apparently reticulated; with 1 scutal seta (scts) on each side laterad to membranous area; prealare ridge (prar) quite well developed. Scutellum (scl)
|
||
<quantity id="4CE3F6970AB546C82DA2FB52FD93D3B0" box="[457,600,1244,1271]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.755" metricValueMax="1.83" metricValueMin="1.68" pageId="154" pageNumber="155" unit="mm" value="175.5" valueMax="183.0" valueMin="168.0">168–183 µm</quantity>
|
||
wide and
|
||
<quantity id="4CE3F6970AB546C82EA0FB52FCF5D3B0" box="[715,830,1244,1271]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.05" metricValueMax="8.3" metricValueMin="7.8" pageId="154" pageNumber="155" unit="mm" value="80.5" valueMax="83.0" valueMin="78.0">78–83 µm</quantity>
|
||
long; with an inverted U-shaped scutellar ridge (sclr); probably not tubular but with a large foramen; with 1 pair of small setae (scls) but no small pores. Basisternum (stn
|
||
<subScript id="179F59370AB546C829E0FA9FFA58D258" attach="left" box="[1419,1427,1297,1311]" fontSize="6" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">2</subScript>
|
||
)
|
||
<quantity id="4CE3F6970AB546C82CFCFAACFEEED27A" box="[151,293,1314,1341]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.65" metricValueMax="2.8" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="154" pageNumber="155" unit="mm" value="265.0" valueMax="280.0" valueMin="250.0">250–280 µm</quantity>
|
||
wide,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE3F6970AB546C82D05FAACFE37D27A" box="[366,508,1314,1341]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="1.65" metricValueMin="1.35" pageId="154" pageNumber="155" unit="mm" value="150.0" valueMax="165.0" valueMin="135.0">135–165 µm</quantity>
|
||
long; without any signs of a median ridge (mdr), but bounded anteriorly by a strong marginal ridge (mr) and posteriorly by strong precoxal ridges (pcr
|
||
<subScript id="179F59370AB546C82FEAFAD9FC42D222" attach="left" box="[897,905,1367,1381]" fontSize="6" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">2</subScript>
|
||
); basisternal setae (stn
|
||
<subScript id="179F59370AB546C828E7FAD9FB5FD222" attach="both" box="[1164,1172,1367,1381]" fontSize="6" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">2</subScript>
|
||
s) absent; lateropleurite (lpl) quite broad, with a strong extension from marginal ridge along anterior margin; furca (f) well developed, narrow-waisted, arms very divergent and extending just anterior to point where marginal and precoxal ridges meet. Mesopostnotum (pn
|
||
<subScript id="179F59370AB546C82D10FA4FFE48D288" attach="left" box="[379,387,1473,1487]" fontSize="6" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">2</subScript>
|
||
) and postnotal apophysis (pna) well developed. Area bounded anteriorly by scutellum and laterally and posteriorly by mesopostnotum membranous. Mesepisternum (eps
|
||
<subScript id="179F59370AB546C82869FA6AFBC1D2B5" attach="left" box="[1026,1034,1508,1522]" fontSize="6" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">2</subScript>
|
||
) not reticulated; subepisternal ridge (ser) long and well developed. Postalare (pa) with radial ridges dorsally near posterior notal wing process; without postalare setae (pas). Mesothoracic spiracle (sp
|
||
<subScript id="179F59370AB546C82EC4F9A4FD7CD17F" attach="left" box="[687,695,1578,1592]" fontSize="6" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">2</subScript>
|
||
): width of peritreme
|
||
<quantity id="4CE3F6970AB546C82FC7F996FBEFD174" box="[940,1060,1560,1587]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.35" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="3.2" pageId="154" pageNumber="155" unit="mm" value="33.5" valueMax="35.0" valueMin="32.0">32–35 µm</quantity>
|
||
. Postmesospiracular setae (pm
|
||
<subScript id="179F59370AB546C829EBF9A4FA43D17F" attach="right" box="[1408,1416,1578,1592]" fontSize="6" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">2</subScript>
|
||
s) absent. Tegula (teg) present, with 3 or 4 hs tegular setae (tegs) on each side.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA45B720AB546C82CACF9EEFF20D037" blockId="154.[151,1437,153,2010]" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96F87600AB546C82CACF9EEFE9ED13D" bold="true" box="[199,341,1632,1658]" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">Metathorax</emphasis>
|
||
: metatergal setae (mts) and dorsospiracular setae (dss) absent. Metapostnotal sclerite indistinct. Dorsal part of metapleural ridge (plr
|
||
<subScript id="179F59370AB546C82E55F91AFD8DD1E5" attach="left" box="[574,582,1684,1698]" fontSize="6" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">3</subScript>
|
||
) well developed, with an indistinct suspensorial sclerite (ss). Ventral part of metapleural ridge well developed; precoxal ridge (pcr
|
||
<subScript id="179F59370AB546C82F42F939FCFAD182" attach="left" box="[809,817,1719,1733]" fontSize="6" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">3</subScript>
|
||
) broad and sclerotised but not apparently fused with metapleural ridge; metepisternum (eps
|
||
<subScript id="179F59370AB546C82E20F954FD98D1AF" attach="left" box="[587,595,1754,1768]" fontSize="6" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">3</subScript>
|
||
) membranous, with 0–4 hs postmetaspiracular setae (eps
|
||
<subScript id="179F59370AB546C828B5F954FB2DD1AF" attach="both" box="[1246,1254,1754,1768]" fontSize="6" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">3</subScript>
|
||
s) on either side near precoxal ridge. Metepimeron (epm
|
||
<subScript id="179F59370AB546C82E34F970FDACD04B" attach="left" box="[607,615,1790,1804]" fontSize="6" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">3</subScript>
|
||
) sclerotised, but without setae. Antemetaspiracular setae (am
|
||
<subScript id="179F59370AB546C82943F970FAFBD04B" attach="both" box="[1320,1328,1790,1804]" fontSize="6" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">3</subScript>
|
||
s) absent. Metathoracic spiracle (sp
|
||
<subScript id="179F59370AB546C82DD1F8AFFE09D068" attach="left" box="[442,450,1825,1839]" fontSize="6" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">3</subScript>
|
||
): width of peritreme
|
||
<quantity id="4CE3F6970AB546C82EAAF881FCF0D06D" box="[705,827,1807,1834]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.15" metricValueMax="3.3" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="154" pageNumber="155" unit="mm" value="31.5" valueMax="33.0" valueMin="30.0">30–33 µm</quantity>
|
||
. Metasternum (stn
|
||
<subScript id="179F59370AB546C82878F8AFFBD0D068" attach="left" box="[1043,1051,1825,1839]" fontSize="6" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">3</subScript>
|
||
) lightly sclerotised, with distinct metasternal apophyses (st
|
||
<subScript id="179F59370AB546C82DDDF8CAFE75D015" attach="both" box="[438,446,1860,1874]" fontSize="6" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">3</subScript>
|
||
a); with 9–17 fs anterior metasternal setae (amss) and 7–15 fs posterior metasternal setae (pmss).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA45B720AB546C82CACF8F6FBBDD09E" blockId="154.[151,1437,153,2010]" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96F87600AB546C82CACF8F6FED8D0D4" bold="true" box="[199,275,1912,1939]" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">Wings</emphasis>
|
||
: hyaline, quite broad,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE3F6970AB546C82E7BF8F6FD70D0D4" box="[528,699,1912,1939]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2875" metricValueMax="1.325" metricValueMin="1.25" pageId="154" pageNumber="155" unit="mm" value="1287.5" valueMax="1325.0" valueMin="1250.0">
|
||
<date id="FFA57DB20AB546C82E7BF8F6FD45D0D4" box="[528,654,1912,1939]" pageId="154" pageNumber="155" value="1250" valueMax="1325">1250–1325</date>
|
||
µm
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
long and
|
||
<quantity id="4CE3F6970AB546C82F40F8F6FC71D0D4" box="[811,954,1912,1939]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.575" metricValueMax="5.65" metricValueMin="5.5" pageId="154" pageNumber="155" unit="mm" value="557.5" valueMax="565.0" valueMin="550.0">550–565 µm</quantity>
|
||
wide (ratio of length to width 1:0.43; ratio of total body length to wing length 1:1.06); alar lobe (al) distinct; without alar setae (als). Hamulohalteres each
|
||
<quantity id="4CE3F6970AB546C82CFCF830FEEDD09D" box="[151,294,1982,2010]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.025" metricValueMax="1.05" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="154" pageNumber="155" unit="mm" value="102.5" valueMax="105.0" valueMin="100.0">100–105 µm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE3F6970AB546C82D06F830FE2BD09D" box="[365,480,1982,2010]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.35" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="2.2" pageId="154" pageNumber="155" unit="mm" value="23.5" valueMax="25.0" valueMin="22.0">22–25 µm</quantity>
|
||
wide; each with a single hooked hamulus,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE3F6970AB546C82FA8F831FBFDD09D" box="[963,1078,1983,2010]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.2" metricValueMax="6.4" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="154" pageNumber="155" unit="mm" value="62.0" valueMax="64.0" valueMin="60.0">60–64 µm</quantity>
|
||
long.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF640BFA0AB446C92CFCF8E1FB1AD0CF" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3774298" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3774298" box="[151,1233,1903,1928]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3774298/files/figure.png" pageId="155" pageNumber="156" startId="155.[151,248,1903,1928]" targetBox="[157,1430,191,1874]" targetPageId="155">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA45B720AB446C92CFCF8E1FB1AD0CF" blockId="155.[151,1233,1903,1928]" box="[151,1233,1903,1928]" pageId="155" pageNumber="156">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96F87600AB446C92CFCF8E1FED6D0CF" bold="true" box="[151,285,1903,1928]" pageId="155" pageNumber="156">FIGURE 62.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B20F10AB446C92D49F8FEFD99D0CF" authority="(Riley)" baseAuthorityName="Riley" baseAuthorityYear="1881" box="[290,594,1903,1928]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Allokermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="155" pageNumber="156" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="galliformis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96F87600AB446C92D49F8FEFDC8D0CF" box="[290,515,1904,1928]" italics="true" pageId="155" pageNumber="156">Allokermes galliformis</emphasis>
|
||
(Riley)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Macropterous male. (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B20F10AB446C92F46F8E1FC62D0CF" authorityName="Signoret" authorityYear="1875" box="[813,937,1903,1928]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="155" pageNumber="156" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Kermesidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Where A=cranial apophysis.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA45B720AB446C92CACF839FA57D096" blockId="155.[151,1436,1974,2037]" box="[199,1436,1974,2001]" pageId="155" pageNumber="156">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96F87600AB446C92CACF839FF34D096" bold="true" box="[199,255,1975,2001]" pageId="155" pageNumber="156">Legs</emphasis>
|
||
: prothoracic legs perhaps marginally longest. Coxae (cx): I 90–100; II 90–95; III
|
||
<quantity id="4CE3F6970AB446C928C3F838FAD6D096" box="[1192,1309,1974,2001]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.4" metricValueMax="8.5" metricValueMin="8.3" pageId="155" pageNumber="156" unit="mm" value="84.0" valueMax="85.0" valueMin="83.0">83–85 µm</quantity>
|
||
long; coxa
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA45B720AB446CE2CFCF855FA46D6CC" blockId="155.[151,1436,1974,2037]" lastBlockId="156.[151,1437,153,1295]" lastPageId="156" lastPageNumber="157" pageId="155" pageNumber="156">
|
||
III with 9–12 fs + 6–8 hs. Trochanter (tr) + femur (fm): I 230–245; II 218–222; III
|
||
<quantity id="4CE3F6970AB446C92859F854FB0AD0B2" box="[1074,1217,2010,2037]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2649999999999997" metricValueMax="2.28" metricValueMin="2.25" pageId="155" pageNumber="156" unit="mm" value="226.5" valueMax="228.0" valueMin="225.0">225–228 µm</quantity>
|
||
long; trochanter III with about 6 fs + 2 or 3 hs; long trochanter seta undifferentiated but seta in this position about
|
||
<quantity id="4CE3F6970AB346CE28ACFF17FADBD7F4" box="[1223,1296,153,179]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="156" pageNumber="157" unit="mm" value="40.0">40 µm</quantity>
|
||
long; femur III with 26–33 fs + 19–21 hs. Tibia (ti): I 230–253; II 200–230; III
|
||
<quantity id="4CE3F6970AB346CE2FEDFF32FBDCD790" box="[902,1047,188,215]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" metricValueMax="2.45" metricValueMin="2.35" pageId="156" pageNumber="157" unit="mm" value="240.0" valueMax="245.0" valueMin="235.0">235–245 µm</quantity>
|
||
; tibia III with 41–45 fs + 17–20 hs but many becoming spur-like on distal third; with 2 apical spurs (tibs), length
|
||
<quantity id="4CE3F6970AB346CE2865FF6FFB4ED7BC" box="[1038,1157,225,251]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" metricValueMax="3.3" metricValueMin="2.1" pageId="156" pageNumber="157" unit="mm" value="27.0" valueMax="33.0" valueMin="21.0">21–33 µm</quantity>
|
||
. Tarsi (ta): I 102–108; II 90–110; III
|
||
<quantity id="4CE3F6970AB346CE2D76FE8BFE55D658" box="[285,414,261,287]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.85" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="9.7" pageId="156" pageNumber="157" unit="mm" value="98.5" valueMax="100.0" valueMin="97.0">97–100 µm</quantity>
|
||
long (ratio of length of tibia III to tarsus III 1:0.41); tarsus III with 10–19 fs + 5–10 hs but many setae spur-like; tarsal spurs not differentiated; tarsal campaniform pore present; tarsal digitules (tdt) slightly shorter than claw. Claws (c) robust, distinctly longer than width of tarsi (
|
||
<quantity id="4CE3F6970AB346CE2FABFEC3FBFDD620" box="[960,1078,333,359]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="1.6" pageId="156" pageNumber="157" unit="mm" value="17.0" valueMax="18.0" valueMin="16.0">16–18 µm</quantity>
|
||
), slightly curved, with a distinct small denticle at apex; length: III
|
||
<quantity id="4CE3F6970AB346CE2E7AFEFFFD4CD6CC" box="[529,647,369,395]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" metricValueMax="2.8" metricValueMin="2.6" pageId="156" pageNumber="157" unit="mm" value="27.0" valueMax="28.0" valueMin="26.0">26–28 µm</quantity>
|
||
; claw digitules (cdt) slightly longer than claw, capitate and very thin.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA45B720AB346CE2CACFE1AFD15D578" blockId="156.[151,1437,153,1295]" pageId="156" pageNumber="157">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96F87600AB346CE2CACFE1AFEF7D6E8" bold="true" box="[199,316,404,431]" pageId="156" pageNumber="157">Abdomen</emphasis>
|
||
: segments I–VII: tergites (at) and sternites (as) not apparently sclerotised. Caudal extension (ce) of segment VII absent. Dorsal abdominal setae (ads): segments I–VII each with 1 pair hs; ventral abdominal setae (avs) (totals): II 6–16 fs +4 or 5 hs; III–V each with 7–14 fs + 4 or 5 hs; VI & VII each with 3–7 fs + 2 or 4 hs. Pleural setae: dorsopleural setae (dps) (on each side): I–VI each with 2–4 fs + 1 hs; V–VII each with 4 fs + 1 hs; ventropleural setae (vps) I 0 or 1 hs; III–VII each with 1 fs + 1 hs.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA45B720AB346CE2CACFDC7FA49D588" blockId="156.[151,1437,153,1295]" pageId="156" pageNumber="157">
|
||
Segment VIII: sternite (as) clearly sclerotised; tergite apparently unsclerotised; latter with 2 pairs of long hs dorsal abdominal setae; sternite with 2–5 hs ventral abdominal setae (avs); caudal extensions (ce) rounded, each with 1 very long seta,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE3F6970AB346CE2DFFFD1EFDC3D5EC" box="[404,520,656,683]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.75" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="7.5" pageId="156" pageNumber="157" unit="mm" value="77.5" valueMax="80.0" valueMin="75.0">75–80 µm</quantity>
|
||
long + 2 short hs dorsal pleural setae + 1 or 2 hs ventral pleural setae. Glandular pouches (gp) present, deep, pores restricted to within each pouch; glandular pouch setae each
|
||
<quantity id="4CE3F6970AB346CE28D9FD3BFA8AD588" box="[1202,1345,693,719]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.305" metricValueMax="1.33" metricValueMin="1.28" pageId="156" pageNumber="157" unit="mm" value="130.5" valueMax="133.0" valueMin="128.0">128–133 µm</quantity>
|
||
long.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA45B720AB346CE2CACFD56FCD7D4E0" blockId="156.[151,1437,153,1295]" pageId="156" pageNumber="157">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96F87600AB346CE2CACFD56FE5FD5B4" bold="true" box="[199,404,728,755]" pageId="156" pageNumber="157">Genital segments</emphasis>
|
||
: segment IX sclerotised, broad,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE3F6970AB346CE2E96FD56FCB5D5B4" box="[765,894,728,755]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.75" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="9.5" pageId="156" pageNumber="157" unit="mm" value="97.5" valueMax="100.0" valueMin="95.0">95–100 µm</quantity>
|
||
wide,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE3F6970AB346CE2FA2FD56FBF7D5B4" box="[969,1084,728,755]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.75" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="7.5" pageId="156" pageNumber="157" unit="mm" value="77.5" valueMax="80.0" valueMin="75.0">75–80 µm</quantity>
|
||
long; anal opening present medially on anterior border; with 2 or 3 hs on postero-dorsal surface and about 7 ventrally. Style quite broad anteriorly (
|
||
<quantity id="4CE3F6970AB346CE2CF4FCAEFEDED47C" box="[159,277,800,827]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="156" pageNumber="157" unit="mm" value="45.0" valueMax="50.0" valueMin="40.0">40–50 µm</quantity>
|
||
wide), tapering to a blunt point; sclerotised; length from base of style
|
||
<quantity id="4CE3F6970AB346CE2856FCAEFB79D47C" box="[1085,1202,800,827]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.75" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="8.5" pageId="156" pageNumber="157" unit="mm" value="87.5" valueMax="90.0" valueMin="85.0">85–90 µm</quantity>
|
||
long; total length of penial sheath
|
||
<quantity id="4CE3F6970AB346CE2D5AFCCAFE0AD418" box="[305,449,836,863]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.625" metricValueMax="1.65" metricValueMin="1.6" pageId="156" pageNumber="157" unit="mm" value="162.5" valueMax="165.0" valueMin="160.0">160–165 µm</quantity>
|
||
(ratio of total body length to length of penial sheath 1:0.13); style with a few very short setae (pss) anteriorly and a few small sensilla (psp) near apex. Aedeagus (aed) elongate, narrowing to a blunt point, length about
|
||
<quantity id="4CE3F6970AB346CE2D42FC03FE48D4E0" box="[297,387,909,935]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="156" pageNumber="157" unit="mm" value="100.0">100 µm</quantity>
|
||
; basal rod (bra) length about
|
||
<quantity id="4CE3F6970AB346CE2EA7FC02FCD3D4E0" box="[716,792,908,935]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.2" pageId="156" pageNumber="157" unit="mm" value="52.0">52 µm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C30108F90AB346CE2CACFC3EFEABD248" pageId="156" pageNumber="157" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA45B720AB346CE2CACFC3EFEABD248" blockId="156.[151,1437,153,1295]" pageId="156" pageNumber="157">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96F87600AB346CE2CACFC3EFE8FD48C" bold="true" box="[199,324,944,971]" pageId="156" pageNumber="157">Comment.</emphasis>
|
||
Recently,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8A26830AB346CE2DD1FC3FFD40D48C" author="Krutil" box="[442,651,945,971]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Krutil" pageId="156" pageNumber="157" pagination="250" refId="ref206659" refString="Krutil, K. D., Hall, A. L., Cranshaw, W. S., Kondratieff, B. C. & Sitz, R. A. (2019) First decription of the adult male of the gall-like scale insect Allokermes galliformis (Riley) (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Kermesidae). Insects, 10, 250. https: // doi. org / 10.3390 / insects 10080250" type="journal article" year="2019">
|
||
Krutil
|
||
<emphasis id="B96F87600AB346CE2E68FC3CFDF1D48C" box="[515,570,945,971]" italics="true" pageId="156" pageNumber="157">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2019)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
also redescribed the adult male of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B20F10AB346CE2866FC3FFB6CD48C" baseAuthorityName="Riley" baseAuthorityYear="1881" box="[1037,1191,945,971]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Allokermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="156" pageNumber="157" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="galliformis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96F87600AB346CE2866FC3FFB6CD48C" box="[1037,1191,945,971]" italics="true" pageId="156" pageNumber="157">A. galliformis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. However, their interpretation of the structure is rather different to that given above. In particular, their description of the thorax makes no mention of the membranous area medially on the dorsum of the scutum (even though it is clearly shown in their
|
||
<figureCitation id="132047F70AB346CE2CFCFB93FF23D37F" box="[151,232,1053,1080]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="36.[151,250,1507,1532]" captionTargetBox="[251,1339,181,1480]" captionTargetId="figure@36.[248,1340,181,1481]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="FIGURE 10. Paracoccus glaucus (Maskell). Macropterous male. (Pseudococcidae, Pseudococcinae). Where C=loculate pores, D=simple pore, J=dorsal view of penial sheath, K1=tibio-tarsal articulation, and K2=proximal end of metathoracic leg, L=ventral view of penial sheath and N=side view of penial sheath. For abbreviations, see p. 8." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3774194" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3774194/files/figure.png" pageId="156" pageNumber="157">Fig.10</figureCitation>
|
||
!), a particularly important feature. There are a number of other significant misinterpretations of the structure of other parts of the thorax as well. In addition, they also considered that the dorsal and ventral simple eyes had a granular structure but their photomicrograph of a dorsal simple eyes (their
|
||
<figureCitation id="132047F70AB346CE2FA5FBEBFBC4D3C7" box="[974,1039,1125,1152]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="29.[151,250,1946,1971]" captionTargetBox="[164,1424,183,1918]" captionTargetId="figure@29.[163,1425,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURE 6. Neochavesia nr. trinadadensis (Beardsley). Apterous adult male. (Xenococcidae). H=apex on antenna, K=tibia and tarsus of metathoracic leg, and N=ventral view of penial sheath. For abbreviations, see p. 8." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3774186" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3774186/files/figure.png" pageId="156" pageNumber="157">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
) clearly shows that the granulations are also present on structures next to the simple eye, suggesting that the granulations are an aberration introduced during mounting. However, their photomicrographs of the head (their
|
||
<figureCitation id="132047F70AB346CE2FD8FB23FBDAD380" box="[947,1041,1196,1223]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 3" captionStart-1="FIGURE 4" captionStart-2="FIGURE 5" captionStartId-0="23.[151,250,1945,1970]" captionStartId-1="25.[151,250,1749,1774]" captionStartId-2="26.[151,250,1904,1929]" captionTargetBox-0="[213,1378,181,1917]" captionTargetBox-1="[164,1423,182,1723]" captionTargetBox-2="[165,1423,184,1879]" captionTargetId-0="figure@23.[206,1381,181,1919]" captionTargetId-1="figure@25.[164,1423,181,1723]" captionTargetId-2="figure@26.[164,1423,181,1879]" captionTargetPageId-0="23" captionTargetPageId-1="25" captionTargetPageId-2="26" captionText-0="FIGURE 3. Ripersiella hibisci (Kawai & Takagi). Macropterous male. (Rhizoecidae, Ripersiellina). Where A=hair-like seta, B=fleshy seta, C =loculate pores, F=alar sensoria, and K=proximal end of metathoracic leg. For abbreviations, see p. 8." captionText-1="FIGURE 4. Rhizoecus dianthi Green. Brachypterous male. (Rhizoecidae, Rhizoecina). Where A=hair-like seta, B=fleshy seta, C=loculate pore, D=simple pore, and G=wing microtrichia. For abbreviations, see p. 8." captionText-2="FIGURE 5. Kissrhizoecus hungaricus Kozár & Konczné Benedicty. Apterous male. (Rhizoecidae, Rhizoecina). WhereA=hairlike seta, B=fleshy seta, C=loculate pore and K=tibio and tarsus. For abbreviations, see p. 8." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3774180" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3774182" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3774184" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/3774180/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/3774182/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/3774184/files/figure.png" pageId="156" pageNumber="157">Figs 3-5</figureCitation>
|
||
) clearly suggest that polygonal reticulation might be more widespread than noted here, with reticulation present on the dorsal mid-cranial ridge and also on the genae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |