treatments-xml/data/03/90/87/039087D7C0284616FF68F915FC523470.xml

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<mods:title id="8F8518B120774D043EC0412B6DD84315">Revision of the Bivalvia from the Upper Jurassic Reuchenette Formation, Northwest Switzerland — Ostreoidea</mods:title>
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<subSubSection id="C323654AC0284613FF68F915FB0234B3" lastPageId="51" lastPageNumber="52" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C0284611FF68F915FD5A35F3" blockId="49.[151,681,1750,1810]" box="[151,681,1750,1776]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
<heading id="D0CE81ADC0284611FF68F915FD5A35F3" bold="true" box="[151,681,1750,1776]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C0284611FF68F915FD5A35F3" authority="J. Sowerby, 1815" authorityName="J. Sowerby" authorityYear="1815" box="[151,681,1750,1776]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Actinostreon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gregareum">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C0284611FF68F915FD5A35F3" bold="true" box="[151,681,1750,1776]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C0284611FF68F915FE4D35F3" bold="true" box="[151,446,1750,1776]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Actinostreon gregareum</emphasis>
(J. Sowerby, 1815)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C0284611FF68F93AFDCF3412" blockId="49.[151,681,1750,1810]" box="[151,572,1785,1810]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
<figureCitation id="13022A44C0284611FF68F93AFF1A3412" box="[151,233,1785,1810]" captionStart="FIGURE 20" captionStartId="49.[151,250,1591,1613]" captionTargetBox="[172,1413,850,1563]" captionTargetId="figure@49.[168,1419,844,1570]" captionTargetPageId="49" captionText="FIGURE 20. Actinostreon gregareum (J. Sowerby, 1815). 1. RV, VTT 006 - 77, lateral. 2. LV, VTT 001 - 1455, lateral. 3. LV, VTT 009 - 41, interior. 4. Both valves, VTT 001 - 1700, ventral; all specimens from Vâ Tche Tchâ near Courtedoux, Switzerland, Lower Kimmeridgian." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/288054/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Fig. 20</figureCitation>
; Pls. 16–18; Pl. 19.1–2; Pl. 22
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C0284611FF60F892FC3A3464" blockId="49.[159,1160,1873,2019]" box="[159,969,1873,1895]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
* 1815 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C0284611FE9EF891FDF53464" box="[353,518,1874,1895]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Ostrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gregarea" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C0284611FE9EF891FDF53464" box="[353,518,1874,1895]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Ostrea gregarea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27E57A8C0284611FDF3F891FDB13464" box="[524,578,1874,1895]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
—J. Sowerby: p. 19, pl. 111, figs. 1, 3.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C0284611FF31F8B9FC573493" blockId="49.[159,1160,1873,2019]" box="[206,932,1914,1936]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
1815 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C0284611FE9EF8B8FDF73493" box="[353,516,1914,1936]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Ostrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="palmetta" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C0284611FE9EF8B8FDF73493" box="[353,516,1914,1936]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Ostrea palmetta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27E57A8C0284611FDF5F8B8FDCC3493" box="[522,575,1915,1936]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
—J. Sowerby: p. 20, pl. 111, fig. 2.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C0284611FF31F867FC0134E0" blockId="49.[159,1160,1873,2019]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
1817 
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C0284611FE9EF867FDEF34B9" box="[353,540,1956,1978]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C0284611FE9EF867FE5634BA" box="[353,421,1956,1977]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Ostrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Ostrea</taxonomicName>
crista-galli
</emphasis>
n. sp. —W. Smith: p. 20, Coral Rag and Pisolite plate, fig. 4. 1822 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C0284611FE9EF80DFDF034E0" box="[353,515,1998,2019]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Ostrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gregaria">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C0284611FE9EF80DFDF034E0" box="[353,515,1998,2019]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Ostrea gregaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C0284611FDEDF80DFDDD34E0" box="[530,558,1998,2019]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">sic</emphasis>
] Sow.—Young &amp; Bird: p. 238, pl. 9, fig. 16.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C02B4612FF31FF63FC67320B" blockId="50.[159,1374,160,2000]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
1824 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02B4612FE9EFF62FDF233B5" box="[353,513,160,182]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Ostrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="solitaria" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02B4612FE9EFF62FDF233B5" box="[353,513,160,182]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Ostrea solitaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27E57A8C02B4612FDF8FF62FDCF33B5" box="[519,572,161,182]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
—J. de C. Sowerby: p. 105, pl. 468, fig. 1. 1825 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02B4612FE9EFF09FDF433DC" box="[353,519,202,223]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Ostrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="costatum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02B4612FE9EFF09FDF433DC" box="[353,519,202,223]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Ostrea costatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27E57A8C02B4612FDF2FF09FDB133DC" box="[525,578,202,223]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
—J. de C. Sowerby: p. 143, pl. 488, fig. 3. 1831 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02B4612FE9EFF30FDCD320B" authority="Sow." authorityName="Sow." box="[353,574,242,264]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Ostrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gregarea">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02B4612FE9EFF30FDF5320B" box="[353,518,243,264]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Ostrea gregarea</emphasis>
Sow.
</taxonomicName>
—Deshayes: p. 106, pl. 13, fig. 2.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C02B4612FF60FEDEFC6F3231" blockId="50.[159,1374,160,2000]" box="[159,924,284,306]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
p 1833b 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02B4612FE9EFEDFFDC83231" authority="Sow." authorityName="Sow." box="[353,571,284,306]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Ostrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gregaria">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02B4612FE9EFEDFFDF03231" box="[353,515,284,306]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Ostrea gregaria</emphasis>
Sow.
</taxonomicName>
—Goldfuss: p. 7, pl. 74, figs. 2a 
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02B4612FC7FFEDFFC7E3231" bold="true" box="[896,909,284,306]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">–</emphasis>
f.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C02B4612FF60FE86FC583258" blockId="50.[159,1374,160,2000]" box="[159,939,325,347]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
? 1833b 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02B4612FE9EFE85FDFB3258" box="[353,520,325,347]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Ostrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pulligera">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02B4612FE9EFE85FDFB3258" box="[353,520,325,347]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Ostrea pulligera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
nob.—Goldfuss: p. 5, pl. 72, figs. 11a–c.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C02B4612FF31FEADFC2432AD" blockId="50.[159,1374,160,2000]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
1835 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02B4612FE9EFEACFDCB3287" authority="Sow." authorityName="Sow." box="[353,568,366,388]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Ostrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="solitaria">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02B4612FE9EFEACFDF23287" box="[353,513,366,388]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Ostrea solitaria</emphasis>
Sow.
</taxonomicName>
—Roemer: p. 58, pl. 3, figs. 2a–c, pl. 13, fig. 4. 1836 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02B4612FE9EFE5AFDF032AD" box="[353,515,409,430]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Ostrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gregaria">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02B4612FE9EFE5AFDF032AD" box="[353,515,409,430]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Ostrea gregaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02B4612FDEDFE5AFDDD32AD" box="[530,558,409,430]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">sic</emphasis>
] Sow.—Bronn: p. 314, pl. 18, figs. 16a,b.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C02B4612FF60FE01FC613103" blockId="50.[159,1374,160,2000]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
n 1837 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02B4612FE9EFE01FDF032D4" box="[353,515,450,471]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Ostrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gregaria">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02B4612FE9EFE01FDF032D4" box="[353,515,450,471]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Ostrea gregaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02B4612FDEDFE01FDDD32D4" box="[530,558,450,471]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">sic</emphasis>
] Goldfuß—Koch &amp; Dunker: p. 50, pl. 6, fig. 2. 1840c 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02B4612FE9EFE28FDF23103" box="[353,513,491,512]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Ostrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="carinata" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02B4612FE9EFE28FDF23103" box="[353,513,491,512]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Ostrea carinata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27E57A8C02B4612FDF8FE28FDCF3103" box="[519,572,491,512]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
—J. de C. Sowerby: pl. 22, fig. 8.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C02B4612FF60FDD6FC24317F" blockId="50.[159,1374,160,2000]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
n 1853 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02B4612FE9EFDD7FDBB3129" authority="Sow." authorityName="Sow." box="[353,584,532,554]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Ostrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gregarea">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02B4612FE9EFDD7FDF53129" box="[353,518,532,554]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Ostrea gregarea</emphasis>
, Sow.
</taxonomicName>
, var.—Morris &amp; Lycett: p. 4, pl. 1, fig. 2.? 1853 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02B4612FE9EFDFDFDB73150" authority="Sow." authorityName="Sow." box="[353,580,573,595]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Ostrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gregarea">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02B4612FE9EFDFDFDF53150" box="[353,518,574,595]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Ostrea gregarea</emphasis>
, Sow.
</taxonomicName>
—de Verneuil &amp; Collomb: p. 164, pl. 3, fig. 6.? 1857b 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02B4612FE9EFDA4FDF0317E" box="[353,515,615,637]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Ostrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gregaria">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02B4612FE9EFDA4FDF0317E" box="[353,515,615,637]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Ostrea gregaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02B4612FDEDFDABFDDD317E" box="[530,558,616,637]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">sic</emphasis>
] Sow.—Quenstedt: p. 751, pl. 41, fig. 28.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C02B4612FF31FD53FC2931CC" blockId="50.[159,1374,160,2000]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
1857b 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02B4612FE9EFD52FC9B31A5" authority="Quenstedt-Quenstedt" authorityName="Quenstedt-Quenstedt" box="[353,872,656,678]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Ostrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subSpecies" species="pulligera" subSpecies="ascendens">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02B4612FE9EFD52FD8531A5" box="[353,630,656,678]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Ostrea pulligera ascendens</emphasis>
Quenstedt—Quenstedt
</taxonomicName>
: p. 751, pl. 91, fig. 29.? 1859 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02B4612FE9EFD79FDF031CC" box="[353,515,698,719]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Ostrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gregaria">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02B4612FE9EFD79FDF031CC" box="[353,515,698,719]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Ostrea gregaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02B4612FDEDFD79FDDD31CC" box="[530,558,698,719]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">sic</emphasis>
] Sow.—Trautschold: p. 115, pl. 2, fig. 15.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C02B4612FF31FD21FCAA31FB" blockId="50.[159,1374,160,2000]" box="[206,857,738,760]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
1861 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02B4612FE9EFD20FDCE31FB" authority="Sow." authorityName="Sow." box="[353,573,738,760]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Ostrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="solitaria">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02B4612FE9EFD20FDF231FB" box="[353,513,738,760]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Ostrea solitaria</emphasis>
, Sow.
</taxonomicName>
—Thurmann &amp; Etallon: 53.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C02B4612FF60FCCFFC743077" blockId="50.[159,1374,160,2000]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
? 1862 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02B4612FE9EFCCFFDA43021" authority="Et." authorityName="Et." box="[353,599,780,802]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Ostrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="semisolitaria">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02B4612FE9EFCCFFDDC3021" box="[353,559,780,802]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Ostrea semisolitaria</emphasis>
, Et.
</taxonomicName>
—Etallon 
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02B4612FD3DFCCEFD253021" box="[706,726,781,802]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">in</emphasis>
Thurmann &amp; Etallon: p. 279, pl. 40, fig. 1. 1862 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02B4612FE9EFCF5FDCE3048" authority="Sow." authorityName="Sow." box="[353,573,821,843]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Ostrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="solitaria">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02B4612FE9EFCF5FDF23048" box="[353,513,821,843]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Ostrea solitaria</emphasis>
, Sow.
</taxonomicName>
—Thurmann &amp; Etallon: p. 281, pl. 40, fig. 4.? 1862 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02B4612FE9EFC9CFCC43077" authority="Etallon-Thurmann &amp; Etallon" authorityName="Etallon-Thurmann &amp; Etallon" box="[353,823,862,884]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Ostrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="vallata">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02B4612FE9EFC9CFE023077" box="[353,497,862,884]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Ostrea vallata</emphasis>
, Etallon—Thurmann &amp; Etallon
</taxonomicName>
: p. 278.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C02B4612FF31FC4BFC7E309D" blockId="50.[159,1374,160,2000]" box="[206,909,904,926]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
1871 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02B4612FE9EFC4AFDCD309D" authority="Sow." authorityName="Sow." box="[353,574,904,926]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Ostrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gregarea">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02B4612FE9EFC4AFDF5309D" box="[353,518,905,926]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Ostrea gregarea</emphasis>
Sow.
</taxonomicName>
—Phillips: p. 323, pl. 13, fig. 19.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C02B4612FF60FC72FC6130C4" blockId="50.[159,1374,160,2000]" box="[159,914,945,967]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
? 1871 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02B4612FE9EFC71FDA330C4" authority="Sow." authorityName="Sow." box="[353,592,945,967]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Ostrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gregarea">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02B4612FE9EFC71FDF530C4" box="[353,518,946,967]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Ostrea gregarea</emphasis>
? Sow.
</taxonomicName>
—Phillips: p. 181, pl. 10, fig. 4.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C02B4612FF31FC19FC8330F3" blockId="50.[159,1374,160,2000]" box="[206,880,986,1008]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
1871 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02B4612FE9EFC18FDB130F3" authority="Sow." authorityName="Sow." box="[353,578,986,1008]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Ostrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gregarea">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02B4612FE9EFC18FDF530F3" box="[353,518,987,1008]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Ostrea gregarea</emphasis>
, Sow.
</taxonomicName>
—Terquem &amp; Jourdy: p. 131.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C02B4612FF31FBC7FC733795" blockId="50.[159,1374,160,2000]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
1872 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02B4612FE9EFBC7FDFB3719" box="[353,520,1028,1050]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Ostrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pulligera">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02B4612FE9EFBC7FDFB3719" box="[353,520,1028,1050]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Ostrea pulligera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Goldfuss—de Loriol 
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02B4612FD18FBC6FCE73719" box="[743,788,1028,1050]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">et al</emphasis>
.: p. 402, pl. 24, figs. 
<date id="FF871001C02B4612FC13FBC7FEF33740" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" value="1875-06-01">1–6. 1875</date>
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02B4612FE9EFBEDFDFB3740" box="[353,520,1069,1091]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Ostrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pulligera">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02B4612FE9EFBEDFDFB3740" box="[353,520,1069,1091]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Ostrea pulligera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Goldfuss—de Loriol &amp; Pellat: p. 377, pl. 24, figs. 
<date id="FF871001C02B4612FBF2FBEEFEF3376F" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" value="1875-05-04">4–5. 1875</date>
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02B4612FE9EFB94FD9F376F" authority="Pulligera (Quenst.)" authorityName="Pulligera (Quenst." box="[353,620,1110,1132]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Ostrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02B4612FE9EFB94FDF8376F" box="[353,523,1110,1132]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Ostrea Pulligera</emphasis>
(Quenst.)
</taxonomicName>
—Pillet &amp; Frommentel: p. 133, pl. 14, figs. 24–25. 1878 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02B4612FE9EFB43FD303795" authority="Potieri, Bayle-Bayle" authorityName="Potieri, Bayle-Bayle" box="[353,707,1152,1174]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Alectryonia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreida" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02B4612FE9EFB43FDD93795" box="[353,554,1152,1174]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Alectryonia Potieri,</emphasis>
Bayle—Bayle
</taxonomicName>
: pl. 131, figs. 2–5.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C02B4612FF31FB6AFCD337EB" blockId="50.[159,1374,160,2000]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
1878 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02B4612FE9EFB69FD4437BC" authority="Sowerby" authorityName="Sowerby" box="[353,695,1193,1215]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Actinostreon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="solitarium">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02B4612FE9EFB69FDA337BC" box="[353,592,1193,1215]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Actinostreon solitarium</emphasis>
, Sowerby
</taxonomicName>
, sp.—Bayle: p. 132, figs. 
<date id="FF871001C02B4612FC41FB6AFEF337EB" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" value="1880-06-02">2–6. 1880</date>
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02B4612FE9EFB10FDCA37EB" authority="Sow." authorityName="Sow." box="[353,569,1234,1256]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Ostrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="solitaria">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02B4612FE9EFB10FDF237EB" box="[353,513,1234,1256]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Ostrea solitaria</emphasis>
Sow.
</taxonomicName>
—Damon: pl. 9, fig. 2.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C02B4612FF31FB3FFC7A3611" blockId="50.[159,1374,160,2000]" box="[206,905,1276,1298]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
1882 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02B4612FE9EFB3FFDF03611" box="[353,515,1276,1298]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Ostrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gregaria">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02B4612FE9EFB3FFDF03611" box="[353,515,1276,1298]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Ostrea gregaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02B4612FDEDFB3EFDDD3611" box="[530,558,1277,1298]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">sic</emphasis>
] Sow.—Roeder: pl. 3, figs. 12a,b.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C02B4612FF31FAE6FC5B3509" blockId="50.[159,1374,160,2000]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
1883 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02B4612FE9EFAE5FCF23638" authority="Munster" authorityName="Munster" box="[353,769,1317,1339]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Ostrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="rastellaris" subGenus="Alectryonia">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02B4612FE9EFAE5FE563638" box="[353,421,1318,1339]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Ostrea</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02B4612FE4BFAE6FDD93638" box="[436,554,1317,1339]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Alectryonia</emphasis>
) 
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02B4612FDC6FAE6FD523638" box="[569,673,1317,1339]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">rastellaris</emphasis>
, Münster
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02B4612FCF7FAE5FBB93638" authority="Boehm-Boehm" authorityName="Boehm-Boehm" box="[776,1098,1317,1339]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" rank="variety" variety="moravica">
var. 
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02B4612FCCBFAE5FC673638" box="[820,916,1318,1339]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">moravica</emphasis>
Boehm—Boehm
</taxonomicName>
: p. 658, pl. 70, figs. 27–30. 1888 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02B4612FE9EFA8CFD043667" authority="Sow., 1825" authorityName="Sow." authorityYear="1825" box="[353,759,1358,1381]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Ostrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="costata" subGenus="Alectryonia">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02B4612FE9EFA8CFE563667" box="[353,421,1359,1380]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Ostrea</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02B4612FE4BFA8DFDD93667" box="[436,554,1358,1380]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Alectryonia</emphasis>
) 
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02B4612FDC6FA93FD713666" box="[569,642,1360,1381]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">costata</emphasis>
Sow., 1825
</taxonomicName>
—Schlippe: p. 112, pl. 1, figs. 11–12.? 1888 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02B4612FE9EFABAFD0B368D" authority="Marshi Sow., 1814" authorityName="Marshi Sow." authorityYear="1814" box="[353,760,1400,1422]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Ostrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Alectryonia">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02B4612FE9EFABAFE56368D" box="[353,421,1401,1422]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Ostrea</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02B4612FE4BFABBFDD9368D" box="[436,554,1400,1422]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Alectryonia</emphasis>
) 
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02B4612FDC6FABBFD71368D" box="[569,642,1400,1422]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Marshi</emphasis>
Sow., 1814
</taxonomicName>
—Schlippe: p. 114, pl. 1, fig. 14–18. 1892 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02B4612FE9EFA61FCFA36B4" authority="Pulligera (Goldfuss)" authorityName="Pulligera (Goldfuss" box="[353,777,1441,1463]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Ostrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Alectryonia">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02B4612FE9EFA61FE5636B4" box="[353,421,1442,1463]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Ostrea</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02B4612FE4BFA62FDD936B4" box="[436,554,1441,1463]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Alectryonia</emphasis>
) 
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02B4612FDC6FA62FD6A36B4" box="[569,665,1441,1463]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Pulligera</emphasis>
(Goldfuss)
</taxonomicName>
—de Loriol: p. 342, pl. 36, fig. 4. 1892 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02B4612FE9EFA08FD3F36E3" authority="Sow." authorityName="Sow." box="[353,716,1482,1504]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Ostrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="solitaria" subGenus="Alectryonia">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02B4612FE9EFA08FE5636E3" box="[353,421,1483,1504]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Ostrea</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02B4612FE4BFA09FDD936E3" box="[436,554,1482,1504]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Alectryonia</emphasis>
) 
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02B4612FDC6FA09FD7C36E3" box="[569,655,1482,1504]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">solitaria</emphasis>
, Sow.
</taxonomicName>
—de Loriol: p. 313, pl. 36, figs. 5, 6. 1893 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02B4612FE9EFA37FDCB3509" authority="Sow." authorityName="Sow." box="[353,568,1524,1546]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Ostrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="solitaria">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02B4612FE9EFA37FDF23509" box="[353,513,1524,1546]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Ostrea solitaria</emphasis>
Sow.
</taxonomicName>
—Fiebelkorn: p. 396, pl. 13, fig. 14.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C02B4612FF31F9DEFD3C3585" blockId="50.[159,1374,160,2000]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
1893 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02B4612FE9EF9DDFC9B3530" authority="Goldfuss-Greppin" authorityName="Goldfuss-Greppin" box="[353,872,1565,1587]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Ostrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pulligera" subGenus="Alectryonia">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02B4612FE9EF9DDFE563530" box="[353,421,1566,1587]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Ostrea</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02B4612FE4BF9DEFDD93530" box="[436,554,1565,1587]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Alectryonia</emphasis>
) 
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02B4612FDC6F9DEFD653530" box="[569,662,1565,1587]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">pulligera</emphasis>
Goldfuss—Greppin
</taxonomicName>
: p. 87, pl. 6, fig. 17, 18. 1894 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02B4612FE9EF984FD8C355F" box="[353,639,1606,1628]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Ostrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="vallata" subGenus="Alectryonia">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02B4612FE9EF984FE56355F" box="[353,421,1607,1628]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Ostrea</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02B4612FE4BF985FDD9355F" box="[436,554,1606,1628]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Alectryonia</emphasis>
) 
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02B4612FDC6F985FD8C355F" box="[569,639,1606,1628]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">vallata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Etallon—de Loriol: p. 75, pl. 9, figs. 5, 6. 1897 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02B4612FE9EF9B2FDC83585" authority="Sow." authorityName="Sow." box="[353,571,1648,1670]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Ostrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gregaria">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02B4612FE9EF9B2FDF03585" box="[353,515,1649,1670]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Ostrea gregaria</emphasis>
Sow.
</taxonomicName>
—Reed: p. 45.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C02B4612FF31F95AFD3E35AC" blockId="50.[159,1374,160,2000]" box="[206,717,1689,1711]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
1897 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02B4612FE9EF959FDCA35AC" authority="Sow." authorityName="Sow." box="[353,569,1689,1711]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Ostrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="solitaria">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02B4612FE9EF959FDF235AC" box="[353,513,1689,1711]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Ostrea solitaria</emphasis>
Sow.
</taxonomicName>
—Reed: p. 45.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C02B4612FF31F901FC3535DB" blockId="50.[159,1374,160,2000]" box="[206,966,1730,1752]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
1900 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02B4612FE9EF900FDA235DB" authority="Goldf." authorityName="Goldf." box="[353,593,1730,1752]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Ostrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pulligera">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02B4612FE9EF900FDFB35DB" box="[353,520,1730,1752]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Ostrea pulligera</emphasis>
Goldf.
</taxonomicName>
—Müller: p. 532, pl. 18, figs. 13–14.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C02B4612FF31F92FFCA3347D" blockId="50.[159,1374,160,2000]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
1900 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02B4612FE9EF92FFDCC3401" authority="Sow." authorityName="Sow." box="[353,575,1772,1794]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Ostrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gregarea">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02B4612FE9EF92FFDF53401" box="[353,518,1772,1794]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Ostrea gregarea</emphasis>
Sow.
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02B4612FDBBF92EFD123401" box="[580,737,1772,1794]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" rank="variety" variety="pterophora">
var. 
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02B4612FD8FF92FFD123401" box="[624,737,1772,1794]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">pterophora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, nob.—Cossmann: p. 47, pl. 5, figs. 3, 6. 1900 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02B4612FE9EF8D6FD8F3428" authority="Asellus, Merian" authorityName="Asellus, Merian" box="[353,636,1813,1835]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Alectryonia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreida" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02B4612FE9EF8D6FDD53428" box="[353,550,1813,1835]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Alectryonia Asellus</emphasis>
, Merian
</taxonomicName>
sp.—Greppin: p. 147, pl. 17, fig. 1–2, 5. 1900 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02B4612FE9EF8FDFE243457" box="[353,471,1854,1876]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Alectryonia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreida" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02B4612FE9EF8FDFE243457" box="[353,471,1854,1876]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Alectryonia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
cfr. 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02B4612FDFAF8FDFD2B3457" authority="Munster" authorityName="Munster" box="[517,728,1854,1876]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Ostrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="rastellaris">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02B4612FDFAF8FDFD9E3457" box="[517,621,1854,1876]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">rastellaris</emphasis>
(Münster)
</taxonomicName>
—Greppin: p. 149, pl. 16, fig. 8. n 1901 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02B4612FE9EF8AAFDA3347D" authority="Sow." authorityName="Sow." box="[353,592,1896,1918]" class="Bivalvia" family="Gryphaeidae" genus="Exogyra" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gregarea">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02B4612FE9EF8AAFDEB347D" box="[353,536,1897,1918]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Exogyra gregarea</emphasis>
Sow.
</taxonomicName>
—Raspail: pl. 12, fig. 11.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C02B4612FF31F852FC5134A4" blockId="50.[159,1374,160,2000]" box="[206,930,1937,1959]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
1901 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02B4612FE9EF852FD5D34A4" authority="Schloth." authorityName="Schloth." box="[353,686,1937,1959]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Alectryonia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreida" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="flabelloides">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02B4612FE9EF852FDA034A4" box="[353,595,1937,1959]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Alectryonia flabelloides</emphasis>
Schloth.
</taxonomicName>
—Raspail: pl. 12, fig. 3.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C02B4612FF31F879FB3934D3" blockId="50.[159,1374,160,2000]" box="[206,1226,1978,2000]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
1903 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02B4612FE9EF878FD3834D3" authority="Sow." authorityName="Sow." box="[353,715,1978,2000]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Ostrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gregarea" subGenus="Alectryonia">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02B4612FE9EF878FE5634D3" box="[353,421,1979,2000]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Ostrea</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02B4612FE4BF879FDD934D3" box="[436,554,1978,2000]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Alectryonia</emphasis>
) 
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02B4612FDC6F878FD6734D3" box="[569,660,1979,2000]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">gregarea</emphasis>
Sow.
</taxonomicName>
—Remeš: p. 218, pl. 21 (4), figs. 8a,b (Tithonian).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C02A4613FF31FF63FB0033B5" blockId="51.[206,1431,160,2010]" box="[206,1267,160,182]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
1903 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02A4613FE9EFF62FCC733B5" authority="Qu." authorityName="Qu." box="[353,820,160,182]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Ostrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subSpecies" species="pulligera" subGenus="Alectryonia" subSpecies="ascendens">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02A4613FE9EFF62FE5633B5" box="[353,421,161,182]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Ostrea</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02A4613FE4BFF63FDD933B5" box="[436,554,160,182]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Alectryonia</emphasis>
) 
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02A4613FDC6FF63FCF733B5" box="[569,772,160,182]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">pulligera ascendens</emphasis>
, Qu.
</taxonomicName>
—Remeš: p. 218, pl. 21 (4), figs. 6a,b, 7a,b.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C02A4613FF31FF0AFB8733DC" blockId="51.[206,1431,160,2010]" box="[206,1140,201,223]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
1903 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02A4613FE9EFF09FD1D33DC" authority="Sow." authorityName="Sow." box="[353,750,201,223]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Ostrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="solitaria" subGenus="Alectryonia">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02A4613FE9EFF09FE5633DC" box="[353,421,202,223]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Ostrea</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02A4613FE4BFF0AFDD933DC" box="[436,554,201,223]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Alectryonia</emphasis>
) aff. 
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02A4613FD9EFF0AFD4433DC" box="[609,695,201,223]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">solitaria</emphasis>
Sow.
</taxonomicName>
—Remeš: p. 217, pl. 21 (4), figs. 5a,b.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C02A4613FF31FF31FC1E320B" blockId="51.[206,1431,160,2010]" box="[206,1005,242,264]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
1910 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02A4613FE9EFF31FCE5320B" authority="Sowerby-Lissajous" authorityName="Sowerby-Lissajous" box="[353,790,242,264]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Alectryonia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreida" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gregarea">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02A4613FE9EFF31FDCB320B" box="[353,568,242,264]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Alectryonia gregarea</emphasis>
Sowerby—Lissajous
</taxonomicName>
: p. 343, pl. 8, fig. 17.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C02A4613FF31FEDFFC043231" blockId="51.[206,1431,160,2010]" box="[206,1015,284,306]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
1910 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02A4613FE9EFEDFFD6F3231" authority="Goldfuss" authorityName="Goldfuss" box="[353,668,284,306]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Alectryonia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreida" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pulligera">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02A4613FE9EFEDFFDC93231" box="[353,570,284,306]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Alectryonia pulligera</emphasis>
Goldfuss
</taxonomicName>
—Lissajous: p. 334, pl. 8, fig. 18.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C02A4613FF31FE86FC9D3258" blockId="51.[206,1431,160,2010]" box="[206,878,325,347]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
1911 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02A4613FE9EFE85FD493258" authority="Sow." authorityName="Sow." box="[353,698,325,347]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Ostrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gregarea" subGenus="Rastellum">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02A4613FE9EFE85FE563258" box="[353,421,326,347]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Ostrea</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02A4613FE4BFE86FDEA3258" box="[436,537,325,347]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Rastellum</emphasis>
) 
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02A4613FDD7FE85FD703258" box="[552,643,326,347]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">gregarea</emphasis>
Sow.
</taxonomicName>
—Rollier: p. 277.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C02A4613FF31FEADFB163287" blockId="51.[206,1431,160,2010]" box="[206,1253,366,389]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
1911 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02A4613FE9EFEACFC913287" authority="Etallon-Flamand" authorityName="Etallon-Flamand" box="[353,866,366,389]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Ostrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="semisolitaria" subGenus="Exogyra">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02A4613FE9EFEACFE563287" box="[353,421,367,388]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Ostrea</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02A4613FE4BFEB3FDF93286" box="[436,522,368,389]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Exogyra</emphasis>
) 
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02A4613FDE7FEADFD6F3287" box="[536,668,366,388]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">semisolitaria</emphasis>
Etallon—Flamand
</taxonomicName>
: p. 924, pl. 9, figs. 2, 2a, 3–4, 5, 5a, 6.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C02A4613FF31FE5BFC0732AD" blockId="51.[206,1431,160,2010]" box="[206,1012,408,430]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
1922 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02A4613FE9EFE5BFD6432AD" authority="Sowerby" authorityName="Sowerby" box="[353,663,408,430]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Alectryonia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreida" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="costata">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02A4613FE9EFE5BFDD532AD" box="[353,550,408,430]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Alectryonia costata</emphasis>
(Sowerby)
</taxonomicName>
—Cossmann: p. 4, pl. 5, figs. 5–8.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C02A4613FF31FE02FCA832D4" blockId="51.[206,1431,160,2010]" box="[206,859,449,471]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
1924 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02A4613FE9EFE02FDC932D4" box="[353,570,449,471]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Alectryonia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreida" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pulligera">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02A4613FE9EFE02FDC932D4" box="[353,570,449,471]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Alectryonia pulligera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
—Jourdy: pl. 1, fig. 3, no. 2.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C02A4613FF31FE29FC583103" blockId="51.[206,1431,160,2010]" box="[206,939,490,512]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
1925 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02A4613FE9EFE29FD633103" authority="Goldf." authorityName="Goldf." box="[353,656,490,512]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Alectryonia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreida" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pulligera">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02A4613FE9EFE29FDC93103" box="[353,570,490,512]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Alectryonia pulligera</emphasis>
(Goldf.)
</taxonomicName>
—Weir: p. 86, pl. 12, fig. 5.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C02A4613FF31FDD7FBF53129" blockId="51.[206,1431,160,2010]" box="[206,1030,532,554]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
1925 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02A4613FE9EFDD7FD433129" authority="Munster" authorityName="Munster" box="[353,688,532,554]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Alectryonia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreida" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="rastellaris">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02A4613FE9EFDD7FDB63129" box="[353,581,532,554]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Alectryonia rastellaris</emphasis>
(Münster)
</taxonomicName>
—Weir: p. 86, pl. 12, figs. 15–17.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C02A4613FF31FDFEFC663150" blockId="51.[206,1431,160,2010]" box="[206,917,573,595]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
1925 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02A4613FE9EFDFEFD8B3150" authority="Sow." authorityName="Sow." box="[353,632,573,595]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Alectryonia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreida" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="solitaria">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02A4613FE9EFDFEFDC03150" box="[353,563,573,595]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Alectryonia solitaria</emphasis>
(Sow.)
</taxonomicName>
—Weir: p. 85, pl. 12, fig. 9.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C02A4613FF31FDA5FC4E317F" blockId="51.[206,1431,160,2010]" box="[206,957,614,636]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
1925 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02A4613FE9EFDA5FD53317F" authority="Sow." authorityName="Sow." box="[353,672,614,636]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Alectryonia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreida" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="solitaria">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02A4613FE9EFDA5FE24317F" box="[353,471,614,636]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Alectryonia</emphasis>
aff. 
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02A4613FDF9FDA5FDAF317F" box="[518,604,614,636]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">solitaria</emphasis>
(Sow.)
</taxonomicName>
—Weir: p. 86, pl. 12, fig. 8.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C02A4613FF31FD53FB6631A5" blockId="51.[206,1431,160,2010]" box="[206,1173,656,678]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
1931 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02A4613FE9EFD52FD6331A5" box="[353,656,656,678]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Ostrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gregaria" subGenus="Alectryonia">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02A4613FE9EFD52FE5631A5" box="[353,421,657,678]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Ostrea</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02A4613FE4BFD53FDD931A5" box="[436,554,656,678]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Alectryonia</emphasis>
) 
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02A4613FDC6FD52FD6331A5" box="[569,656,657,678]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">gregaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02A4613FD60FD52FD4831A5" box="[671,699,657,678]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">sic</emphasis>
], Sow.—Yin Tsan-hsun: p. 123, pl. 11, fig. 17.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C02A4613FF31FD7AFB9331CC" blockId="51.[206,1431,160,2010]" box="[206,1120,697,719]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
1931 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02A4613FE9EFD79FD3831CC" authority="Sow." authorityName="Sow." box="[353,715,697,719]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Ostrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="solitaria" subGenus="Alectryonia">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02A4613FE9EFD79FE5631CC" box="[353,421,698,719]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Ostrea</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02A4613FE4BFD7AFDD931CC" box="[436,554,697,719]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Alectryonia</emphasis>
) 
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02A4613FDC6FD7AFD7C31CC" box="[569,655,697,719]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">solitaria</emphasis>
, Sow.
</taxonomicName>
—Yin Tsan-hsun: p. 124, pl. 11, fig. 18.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C02A4613FF31FD21FC0631FB" blockId="51.[206,1431,160,2010]" box="[206,1013,738,760]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
1931 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02A4613FE9EFD21FDA931FB" authority="Goldf." authorityName="Goldf." box="[353,602,738,760]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Lopha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pulligera">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02A4613FE9EFD21FDF631FB" box="[353,517,738,760]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Lopha pulligera</emphasis>
(Goldf.)
</taxonomicName>
—Diaz-Romero: p. 40, pl. 3, fig. 12, 13.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C02A4613FF31FCCFFB233021" blockId="51.[206,1431,160,2010]" box="[206,1232,780,802]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
1933 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02A4613FE9EFCCFFDB83021" authority="Sow." authorityName="Sow." box="[353,587,780,802]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Lopha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gregarea">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02A4613FE9EFCCFFDF03021" box="[353,515,780,802]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Lopha gregarea</emphasis>
(Sow.)
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02A4613FDADFCCEFD273021" box="[594,724,780,802]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" rank="variety" variety="solitaria">
var. 
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02A4613FD81FCCFFD273021" box="[638,724,780,802]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">solitaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
—Oria: p. 34, pl. 2, figs. 7, 1 
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02A4613FC06FCCFFBF63021" bold="true" box="[1017,1029,780,802]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">–</emphasis>
3, pl. 4, figs. 4–6, 8.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C02A4613FF31FCF6FB7C3048" blockId="51.[206,1431,160,2010]" box="[206,1167,821,843]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
1933 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02A4613FE9EFCF6FD783048" authority="J. Sowerby" authorityName="J. Sowerby" box="[353,651,821,843]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Lopha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gregarea">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02A4613FE9EFCF6FDF03048" box="[353,515,821,843]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Lopha gregarea</emphasis>
(J. Sowerby)
</taxonomicName>
—Arkell: p. 183, pl. 22, figs. 5, 6, pl. 23, figs. 1–4.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C02A4613FF31FC9DFBA33077" blockId="51.[206,1431,160,2010]" box="[206,1104,862,884]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
1933 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02A4613FE9EFC9DFD9D3077" authority="Sowerby" authorityName="Sowerby" box="[353,622,862,884]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Lopha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="solitaria">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02A4613FE9EFC9DFE0D3077" box="[353,510,862,884]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Lopha solitaria</emphasis>
(Sowerby)
</taxonomicName>
—Arkell: p. 185, pl. 22, fig. 4, pl. 23, figs. 5 
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02A4613FBCFFC9DFBCF3077" bold="true" box="[1072,1084,862,884]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">–</emphasis>
7.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C02A4613FF31FC4BFC65309D" blockId="51.[206,1431,160,2010]" box="[206,918,904,926]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
1935 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02A4613FE9EFC4BFDB6309D" authority="Sow." authorityName="Sow." box="[353,581,904,926]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Lopha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="solitaria">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02A4613FE9EFC4BFE0D309D" box="[353,510,904,926]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Lopha solitaria</emphasis>
(Sow.)
</taxonomicName>
—Cox: p. 171, pl. 17, figs. 9 
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02A4613FC96FC4BFC85309D" bold="true" box="[873,886,904,926]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">–</emphasis>
12.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C02A4613FF31FC72FC9F30C4" blockId="51.[206,1431,160,2010]" box="[206,876,945,967]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
1936 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02A4613FE9EFC72FD8330C4" authority="Sow." authorityName="Sow." box="[353,624,945,967]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Alectryonia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreida" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gregarea">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02A4613FE9EFC72FDCB30C4" box="[353,568,945,967]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Alectryonia gregarea</emphasis>
Sow.
</taxonomicName>
—Besairie: pl. 7, fig. 17.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C02A4613FF31FC19FBBB30F3" blockId="51.[206,1431,160,2010]" box="[206,1096,986,1008]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
1938 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02A4613FE9EFC19FC6D30F3" authority="Sowerby-Chavan &amp; Montocchio" authorityName="Sowerby-Chavan &amp; Montocchio" box="[353,926,986,1008]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Alectryonia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreida" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gregarea">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02A4613FE9EFC19FDCB30F3" box="[353,568,986,1008]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Alectryonia gregarea</emphasis>
Sowerby—Chavan &amp; Montocchio
</taxonomicName>
: p. 72, fig. 122a.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C02A4613FF31FBC7FC1C3719" blockId="51.[206,1431,160,2010]" box="[206,1007,1028,1050]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
1939 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02A4613FE9EFBC7FDD73719" authority="Perdalianae" authorityName="Perdalianae" box="[353,548,1028,1050]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Lopha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02A4613FE9EFBC7FDD73719" box="[353,548,1028,1050]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Lopha Perdalianae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(MGH.)—Stefanini: p. 195, pl. 22, figs. 4, 5.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C02A4613FF31FBEEFC493740" blockId="51.[206,1431,160,2010]" box="[206,954,1069,1091]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
1939 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02A4613FE9EFBEEFDB03740" authority="Sow." authorityName="Sow." box="[353,579,1069,1091]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Lopha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="solitaria">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02A4613FE9EFBEEFE0D3740" box="[353,510,1069,1091]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Lopha solitaria</emphasis>
(Sow.)
</taxonomicName>
—Stefanini: p. 197, pl. 22, figs. 6 
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02A4613FC65FBEEFC543740" bold="true" box="[922,935,1069,1091]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">–</emphasis>
7.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C02A4613FF31FB95FBBA376F" blockId="51.[206,1431,160,2010]" box="[206,1097,1110,1133]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
1952 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02A4613FE9EFB95FD7F376F" authority="J. Sowerby" authorityName="J. Sowerby" box="[353,652,1110,1133]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Lopha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gregarea">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02A4613FE9EFB95FDF0376E" box="[353,515,1110,1133]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Lopha gregarea</emphasis>
(J. Sowerby)
</taxonomicName>
—Cox: p. 96, pl. 4, fig. 2, pl. 10, figs. 7–13.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C02A4613FF31FB43FC513795" blockId="51.[206,1431,160,2010]" box="[206,930,1152,1174]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
1956 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02A4613FE9EFB43FD933795" authority="J. Sow." authorityName="J. Sow." box="[353,608,1152,1174]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Lopha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gregarea">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02A4613FE9EFB43FDF03795" box="[353,515,1152,1174]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Lopha gregarea</emphasis>
(J. Sow.)
</taxonomicName>
—Agrawal: p. 89, pl. 9, fig. 13.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C02A4613FF31FB6AFC7537BC" blockId="51.[206,1431,160,2010]" box="[206,902,1193,1215]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
1959 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02A4613FE9EFB6AFD9C37BC" authority="Sowerby" authorityName="Sowerby" box="[353,623,1193,1215]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Lopha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="solitaria">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02A4613FE9EFB6AFE0D37BC" box="[353,510,1193,1215]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Lopha solitaria</emphasis>
(Sowerby)
</taxonomicName>
—Jaboli: p. 36, pl. 5, fig. 1.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C02A4613FF31FB11FC1C37EB" blockId="51.[206,1431,160,2010]" box="[206,1007,1234,1256]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
1960 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02A4613FE9EFB11FE0D37EB" box="[353,510,1234,1256]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Lopha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="solitaria">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02A4613FE9EFB11FE0D37EB" box="[353,510,1234,1256]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Lopha solitaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(J. de C. Sowerby)—Joubert: pl. 9, figs. 1, 2a–c.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C02A4613FF31FB3FFC3E3611" blockId="51.[206,1431,160,2010]" box="[206,973,1276,1298]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
1960 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02A4613FE9EFB3FFD793611" authority="J. Sowerby" authorityName="J. Sowerby" box="[353,650,1276,1298]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Lopha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gregarea">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02A4613FE9EFB3FFDF03611" box="[353,515,1276,1298]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Lopha gregarea</emphasis>
(J. Sowerby)
</taxonomicName>
—Tamura: p. 239, pl. 2, fig. 24.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C02A4613FF31FAE6FB843638" blockId="51.[206,1431,160,2010]" box="[206,1143,1317,1339]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
1961 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02A4613FE9EFAE6FD3C3638" authority="Sowerby, 1815" authorityName="Sowerby" authorityYear="1815" box="[353,719,1317,1339]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Lopha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gregarea">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02A4613FE9EFAE6FE513638" box="[353,418,1317,1339]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Lopha</emphasis>
cf. 
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02A4613FE37FAE5FDD03638" box="[456,547,1318,1339]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">gregarea</emphasis>
(Sowerby, 1815)
</taxonomicName>
—Sibiriakova: p. 102, pl. 13, figs. 11–13.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C02A4613FF31FA8DFC2B3667" blockId="51.[206,1431,160,2010]" box="[206,984,1358,1380]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
1964 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02A4613FE9EFA8DFD7B3667" authority="Solitaria (J. Sowerby)" authorityName="Solitaria (J. Sowerby" box="[353,648,1358,1380]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Lopha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02A4613FE9EFA8DFDF23667" box="[353,513,1358,1380]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Lopha Solitaria</emphasis>
(J. Sowerby)
</taxonomicName>
—Maithani: p. 510, pl. 31, fig. 2.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C02A4613FF31FABBFC63368D" blockId="51.[206,1431,160,2010]" box="[206,912,1400,1422]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
1965 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02A4613FE9EFABBFD7F368D" authority="J. Sowerby" authorityName="J. Sowerby" box="[353,652,1400,1422]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Lopha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gregarea">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02A4613FE9EFABBFDF0368D" box="[353,515,1400,1422]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Lopha gregarea</emphasis>
(J. Sowerby)
</taxonomicName>
—Cox: p. 68, pl. 9, fig. 5.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C02A4613FF31FA62FC3436B4" blockId="51.[206,1431,160,2010]" box="[206,967,1441,1463]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
1965 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02A4613FE9EFA62FE0D36B4" box="[353,510,1441,1463]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Lopha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="solitaria">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02A4613FE9EFA62FE0D36B4" box="[353,510,1441,1463]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Lopha solitaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(J. de C. Sowerby)—Cox: p. 69, pl. 9, fig. 4.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C02A4613FF31FA09FBE136E3" blockId="51.[206,1431,160,2010]" box="[206,1042,1482,1504]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
1965 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02A4613FE9EFA09FD9C36E3" authority="Sowerby" authorityName="Sowerby" box="[353,623,1482,1504]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Lopha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" sensu="stricto" species="solitaria">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02A4613FE9EFA09FE0D36E3" box="[353,510,1482,1504]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Lopha solitaria</emphasis>
(Sowerby)
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27E57A8C02A4613FD8AFA09FD7D36E3" box="[629,654,1482,1504]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" sensu="stricto">s.s.</taxonomicNameLabel>
—Freneix: p. 72 (24), pl. 3, figs. 1, 2.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C02A4613FF31FA37FA653509" blockId="51.[206,1431,160,2010]" box="[206,1430,1524,1546]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
1965 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02A4613FE9EFA37FD003509" box="[353,755,1524,1546]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Lopha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subSpecies" species="solitaria" status="subsp. nov." subSpecies="matmatensis">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02A4613FE9EFA37FE0D3509" box="[353,510,1524,1546]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Lopha solitaria</emphasis>
(Sowerby) 
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02A4613FD8AFA36FD003509" box="[629,755,1525,1546]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">matmatensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27E57A8C02A4613FD05FA36FCCB3509" box="[762,824,1524,1546]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" rank="subSpecies">n. ssp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
—Freneix: p. 73 (25), pl. 3, figs. 4a,b, 5a,b, 6a,b, 7a,b, text-
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C02A4613FE9EF9D1FE33352B" blockId="51.[206,1431,160,2010]" box="[353,448,1554,1576]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">fig. 7a, c.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C02A4613FF31F9FFFA653551" blockId="51.[206,1431,160,2010]" box="[206,1430,1596,1618]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
1965 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02A4613FE9EF9FFFD9C3551" authority="Sowerby" authorityName="Sowerby" box="[353,623,1596,1618]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Lopha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="solitaria">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02A4613FE9EF9FFFE0D3551" box="[353,510,1596,1618]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Lopha solitaria</emphasis>
(Sowerby)
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02A4613FD8AF9FFFD063551" box="[629,757,1596,1618]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">subpulligera</emphasis>
n. ssp—Freneix: p. 76 (28), pl. 3, figs. 3a,b, 5, 9a,b, 10, 11, 12a,b,
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C02A4613FE9EF999FD833573" blockId="51.[206,1431,160,2010]" box="[353,624,1626,1648]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">13, 14, text-fig. 7b, d1, d2.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C02A4613FF31F947FC393599" blockId="51.[206,1431,160,2010]" box="[206,970,1668,1690]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
1969 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02A4613FE9EF947FD793599" authority="J. Sowerby" authorityName="J. Sowerby" box="[353,650,1668,1690]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Lopha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gregarea">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02A4613FE9EF947FDF03599" box="[353,515,1668,1690]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Lopha gregarea</emphasis>
(J. Sowerby)
</taxonomicName>
—Fischer: p. 96, pl. 10, fig. 28.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C02A4613FF31F96EFBAA35C0" blockId="51.[206,1431,160,2010]" box="[206,1113,1709,1731]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
1971 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02A4613FE9EF96EFE0D35C0" box="[353,510,1709,1731]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Lopha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="solitaria">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02A4613FE9EF96EFE0D35C0" box="[353,510,1709,1731]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Lopha solitaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(J. de C. Sowerby)— 
<collectingCountry id="F32E7651C02A4613FD23F96EFCD135C0" box="[732,802,1709,1731]" name="Jordan" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Jordan</collectingCountry>
: p. 152, pl. 20, figs. 4a,b, 5a,b.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C02A4613FF31F915FB7E35EF" blockId="51.[206,1431,160,2010]" box="[206,1165,1750,1772]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
1971 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02A4613FE9EF915FD1935EF" authority="Goldfuss, 1834" authorityName="Goldfuss" authorityYear="1834" box="[353,746,1750,1772]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Alectryonia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreida" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pulligera">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02A4613FE9EF915FDC935EF" box="[353,570,1750,1772]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Alectryonia pulligera</emphasis>
(Goldfuss, 1834)
</taxonomicName>
—Pugaczewska: p. 234, pl. 8, figs. 1–15.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C02A4613FF31F8C3FAEF3415" blockId="51.[206,1431,160,2010]" box="[206,1308,1792,1814]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
1971 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02A4613FE9EF8C3FD963415" box="[353,613,1792,1814]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Alectryonia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreida" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="flabelliformis">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02A4613FE9EF8C3FD963415" box="[353,613,1792,1814]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Alectryonia flabelliformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Nilson 
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02A4613FD41F8C2FD213415" box="[702,722,1793,1814]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">in</emphasis>
Goldfuss, 1840)—Pugaczewska: p. 238, pl. 4, figs. 1 
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02A4613FB10F8C3FB0F3415" bold="true" box="[1263,1276,1792,1814]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">–</emphasis>
10.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C02A4613FF31F8EAFA64343C" blockId="51.[206,1431,160,2010]" box="[206,1431,1833,1855]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
1971 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02A4613FE9EF8EAFD16343C" authority="Sowerby, 1816" authorityName="Sowerby" authorityYear="1816" box="[353,741,1833,1855]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Alectryonia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreida" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gregarea">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02A4613FE9EF8EAFDCB343C" box="[353,568,1833,1855]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Alectryonia gregarea</emphasis>
(Sowerby, 1816)
</taxonomicName>
—Pugaczewska: p. 227, pl. 3, fig. 7, pl. 5, figs. 1–8, pl. 6, figs. 1–8,
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C02A4613FE9EF88BFD71345D" blockId="51.[206,1431,160,2010]" box="[353,642,1864,1886]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">pl. 9, figs. 2–3, pl. 10, fig. 3.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C02A4613FF31F8B2FAC13484" blockId="51.[206,1431,160,2010]" box="[206,1330,1905,1927]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
1971 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02A4613FE9EF8B2FD1F3484" authority="Munster, 1833" authorityName="Munster" authorityYear="1833" box="[353,748,1905,1927]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Alectryonia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreida" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="rastellaris">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02A4613FE9EF8B2FDB63484" box="[353,581,1905,1927]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Alectryonia rastellaris</emphasis>
(Münster, 1833)
</taxonomicName>
—Pugaczewska: p. 232, pl. 6, fig. 9, pl. 7, figs. 
<date id="FF871001C02A4613FB2DF8B2FB0A3484" box="[1234,1273,1905,1927]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" value="1971-07">1–3</date>
, 5–7.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C02A4613FF31F859FB0234B3" blockId="51.[206,1431,160,2010]" box="[206,1265,1946,1968]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
1971 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02A4613FE9EF859FD2C34B3" authority="Sowerby, 1825" authorityName="Sowerby" authorityYear="1825" box="[353,735,1946,1968]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Alectryonia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreida" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="solitaria">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02A4613FE9EF859FDC034B3" box="[353,563,1946,1968]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Alectryonia solitaria</emphasis>
(Sowerby, 1825)
</taxonomicName>
—Pugaczewska: p. 230, pl. 3, figs. 1–6, pl. 9, fig. 1.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C323654AC02A4614FF31F807FD1B36D8" lastPageId="52" lastPageNumber="53" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C02A4613FF31F807FB8D34D9" blockId="51.[206,1431,160,2010]" box="[206,1150,1988,2010]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
1971 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02A4613FE9EF807FD3234D9" authority="Etallon, 1862" authorityName="Etallon" authorityYear="1862" box="[353,705,1988,2010]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Alectryonia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreida" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="vallata">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02A4613FE9EF807FDD034D9" box="[353,547,1988,2010]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Alectryonia vallata</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B30C02A4613FDCEF807FD4934D9" author="Etallon" box="[561,698,1988,2010]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" refString="Etallon, A. (1862) Etudes paleontologique sur le Haut-Jura. Memoires de la Societe d'Emulation du Departement du Doubs, Serie 3., 6, 53 - 260." type="journal article" year="1862">Etallon, 1862</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
—Pugaczewska: p. 236, pl. 19, fig. 3a–b, 4.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C02D4614FF31FF63FC3533B5" blockId="52.[159,1360,160,1339]" box="[206,966,160,182]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
1973 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02D4614FE9EFF62FDCB33B5" authority="Sow." authorityName="Sow." box="[353,568,160,182]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Ostrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="solitaria">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02D4614FE9EFF62FDF233B5" box="[353,513,160,182]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Ostrea solitaria</emphasis>
Sow.
</taxonomicName>
—Contini &amp; Hantzpergue: p. 150, 152.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C02D4614FF31FF0AFC5233DC" blockId="52.[159,1360,160,1339]" box="[206,929,201,223]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
1973 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02D4614FE9EFF09FDB633DC" authority="Gold." authorityName="Gold." box="[353,581,201,223]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Ostrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pulligera">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02D4614FE9EFF09FDFB33DC" box="[353,520,201,223]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Ostrea pulligera</emphasis>
Gold.
</taxonomicName>
—Contini &amp; Hantzpergue: p. 175.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C02D4614FF31FF31FB1F320B" blockId="52.[159,1360,160,1339]" box="[206,1260,242,264]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
1976 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02D4614FE9EFF31FD9E320B" authority="Sowerby" authorityName="Sowerby" box="[353,621,242,264]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Lopha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="solitaria">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02D4614FE9EFF31FE0D320B" box="[353,510,242,264]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Lopha solitaria</emphasis>
(Sowerby)
</taxonomicName>
—Ma Qi-hong in Gu Zhi-wei 
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02D4614FC5EFF30FC3E320B" box="[929,973,242,264]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">et al</emphasis>
.: p. 323, pl. 35, figs. 34–35.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C02D4614FF31FEDFFC193231" blockId="52.[159,1360,160,1339]" box="[206,1002,284,306]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
1977 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02D4614FE9EFEDFFD373231" authority="Sow." authorityName="Sow." box="[353,708,284,306]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Lopha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gregarea" subGenus="Rastellum">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02D4614FE9EFEDFFE513231" box="[353,418,284,306]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Lopha</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02D4614FE4FFEDFFDE63231" box="[432,533,284,306]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Rastellum</emphasis>
) 
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02D4614FDDBFEDEFD8C3231" box="[548,639,285,306]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">gregarea</emphasis>
(Sow.)
</taxonomicName>
—Andreeva: pl. 5, figs. 1–5.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C02D4614FF31FE86FC003258" blockId="52.[159,1360,160,1339]" box="[206,1011,325,347]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
1979 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02D4614FE9EFE86FD983258" authority="Sowerby" authorityName="Sowerby" box="[353,619,325,347]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Lopha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="solitaria">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02D4614FE9EFE86FE0D3258" box="[353,510,325,347]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Lopha solitaria</emphasis>
(Sowerby)
</taxonomicName>
—Wen Shi-xuan: p. 303, pl. 92, fig. 8.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C02D4614FF31FEADFB4E3287" blockId="52.[159,1360,160,1339]" box="[206,1213,366,389]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
1984 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02D4614FE9EFEADFD813287" authority="Sowerby" authorityName="Sowerby" box="[353,626,366,389]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Lopha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gregarea">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02D4614FE9EFEADFDF03286" box="[353,515,366,389]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Lopha gregarea</emphasis>
(Sowerby)
</taxonomicName>
—Radulović &amp; Mitrović-Petrović: p. 110, pl. 3, figs. 4–5.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C02D4614FF31FE5BFB8932AD" blockId="52.[159,1360,160,1339]" box="[206,1146,408,430]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
1985 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02D4614FE9EFE5BFD0832AD" authority="Reed-Zhang" authorityName="Reed-Zhang" box="[353,763,408,430]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Lopha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subSpecies" species="asellus" subSpecies="namtuensis">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02D4614FE9EFE5BFD9432AD" box="[353,615,408,430]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Lopha asellus namtuensis</emphasis>
Reed—Zhang
</taxonomicName>
Zuo-ming 
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02D4614FC92FE5AFC6A32AD" box="[877,921,408,430]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">et al</emphasis>
.: p. 115, pl. 45, fig. 5.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C02D4614FF31FE02FB7432D4" blockId="52.[159,1360,160,1339]" box="[206,1159,449,471]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
1985 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02D4614FE9EFE02FD6132D4" authority="Sowerby" authorityName="Sowerby" box="[353,658,449,471]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Lopha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gregarea">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02D4614FE9EFE02FE5132D4" box="[353,418,449,471]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Lopha</emphasis>
cf. 
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02D4614FE37FE01FDD032D4" box="[456,547,450,471]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">gregarea</emphasis>
(Sowerby)
</taxonomicName>
—Zhang Zuo-ming 
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02D4614FC9FFE01FC7E32D4" box="[864,909,449,471]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">et al</emphasis>
.: p. 115, pl. 45, fig. 3, 4.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C02D4614FF31FE29FC5B3103" blockId="52.[159,1360,160,1339]" box="[206,936,490,512]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
1988 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02D4614FE9EFE28FDDB3103" box="[353,552,491,512]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Arctostrea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pterioida" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gregaria">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02D4614FE9EFE28FDDB3103" box="[353,552,491,512]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Arctostrea gregaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02D4614FDC8FE28FDA03103" box="[567,595,491,512]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">sic</emphasis>
] (Sowerby)—Reiff: pl. 29, fig. 3.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C02D4614FF60FDD7FB9D3129" blockId="52.[159,1360,160,1339]" box="[159,1134,532,554]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
? 1989 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02D4614FE9EFDD7FD803129" authority="Sowerby" authorityName="Sowerby" box="[353,627,532,554]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Lopha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gregarea">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02D4614FE9EFDD7FDF03129" box="[353,515,532,554]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Lopha gregarea</emphasis>
(Sowerby)
</taxonomicName>
—Matyia, Gutowski &amp; Wierzbowski: pl. 3, fig. 4.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C02D4614FF31FDFEFB2F3150" blockId="52.[159,1360,160,1339]" box="[206,1244,573,595]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
1990 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02D4614FE9EFDFEFCC33150" authority="J. Sow. 1816" authorityName="J. Sow." authorityYear="1816" box="[353,816,573,595]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Lopha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gregarea" subGenus="Actinostreon">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02D4614FE9EFDFEFE513150" box="[353,418,573,595]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Lopha</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02D4614FE4FFDFDFDC23150" box="[432,561,574,595]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Actinostreon</emphasis>
) 
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02D4614FDBFFDFDFD683150" box="[576,667,574,595]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">gregarea</emphasis>
(J. Sow. 1816)
</taxonomicName>
—Clausen &amp; Wignall: p. 124, pl. 6, fig. c.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C02D4614FF31FDA5FAA3317F" blockId="52.[159,1360,160,1339]" box="[206,1360,614,637]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
1990 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02D4614FE9EFDA5FCD8317F" authority="Sowerby, 1815" authorityName="Sowerby" authorityYear="1815" box="[353,811,614,637]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Lopha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gregarea" subGenus="Rastellum">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02D4614FE9EFDA5FE51317F" box="[353,418,614,636]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Lopha</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02D4614FE4FFDA5FDE6317F" box="[432,533,614,636]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Rastellum</emphasis>
) 
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02D4614FDDBFDABFD8C317E" box="[548,639,616,637]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">gregarea</emphasis>
(Sowerby, 1815)
</taxonomicName>
—Dykan &amp; Makarenko: p. 83, pl. 16, figs. 13, 15–20.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C02D4614FF31FD53FB4F31FB" blockId="52.[159,1360,160,1339]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
1990 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02D4614FE9EFD53FCFF31A5" authority="Goldfuss, 1834" authorityName="Goldfuss" authorityYear="1834" box="[353,780,656,678]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Lopha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pulligera" subGenus="Lopha">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02D4614FE9EFD53FE5131A5" box="[353,418,656,678]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Lopha</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02D4614FE4FFD53FE0231A5" box="[432,497,656,678]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Lopha</emphasis>
) 
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02D4614FDFFFD53FDAE31A5" box="[512,605,656,678]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">pulligera</emphasis>
(Goldfuss, 1834)
</taxonomicName>
—Dykan &amp; Makarenko: p. 82, pl. 16, figs. 11, 12.? 1994 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02D4614FE9EFD79FDA331CC" box="[353,592,697,719]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Actinostreon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="solitarium">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02D4614FE9EFD79FDA331CC" box="[353,592,697,719]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Actinostreon solitarium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(J. de C. Sowerby 1824)—Aberhan: p. 30, pl. 12, figs. 8–10. n 1995 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02D4614FE9EFD21FDA531FB" box="[353,598,738,760]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Lopha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="solitaria" subGenus="Lopha">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02D4614FE9EFD21FE5131FB" box="[353,418,738,760]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Lopha</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02D4614FE4FFD21FE0231FB" box="[432,497,738,760]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Lopha</emphasis>
) 
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02D4614FDFFFD21FDA531FB" box="[512,598,738,760]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">solitaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(J. de C. Sowerby, 1824)—Monari: p. 166 
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02D4614FBF8FD21FBE731FB" bold="true" box="[1031,1044,738,760]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">–</emphasis>
167, pl. 2, fig. 7.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C02D4614FF31FCCFFAC13021" blockId="52.[159,1360,160,1339]" box="[206,1330,780,802]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
1995 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02D4614FE9EFCCFFCE03021" authority="J. Sowerby 1815" authorityName="J. Sowerby" authorityYear="1815" box="[353,787,780,802]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Actinostreon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gregareum">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02D4614FE9EFCCFFDA63021" box="[353,597,780,802]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Actinostreon gregareum</emphasis>
(J. Sowerby 1815)
</taxonomicName>
—Jaitly 
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02D4614FC93FCCEFC6B3021" box="[876,920,780,802]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">et al</emphasis>
.: p. 186, pl. 13, fig. 13, pl. 14, figs. 1–5.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C02D4614FF31FCF6FC033048" blockId="52.[159,1360,160,1339]" box="[206,1008,821,843]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
1997 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02D4614FE9EFCF6FD433048" authority="Sowerby, 1815" authorityName="Sowerby" authorityYear="1815" box="[353,688,821,843]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Lopha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gregarea">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02D4614FE9EFCF6FDF03048" box="[353,515,821,843]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Lopha gregarea</emphasis>
(Sowerby, 1815)
</taxonomicName>
—Bernad: p. 14, pl. 2, fig. 4–7.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C02D4614FF31FC9DFB623077" blockId="52.[159,1360,160,1339]" box="[206,1169,862,885]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
1998 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02D4614FE9EFC9CFCEB3077" authority="J. Sowerby, 1816" authorityName="J. Sowerby" authorityYear="1816" box="[353,792,862,885]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Actinostreon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gregareum">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02D4614FE9EFC9CFDA63076" box="[353,597,863,885]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Actinostreon gregareum</emphasis>
(J. Sowerby, 1816)
</taxonomicName>
—Machalski: p. 614, fig. 4a–d, g–m.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C02D4614FF31FC4BFCA3309D" blockId="52.[159,1360,160,1339]" box="[206,848,904,926]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
1998 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02D4614FE9EFC4AFE11309D" box="[353,482,905,926]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Actinostreon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02D4614FE9EFC4AFE11309D" box="[353,482,905,926]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Actinostreon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp.—Machalski: p. 627, fig. 11A–I.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C02D4614FF31FC72FD0230C4" blockId="52.[159,1360,160,1339]" box="[206,753,945,967]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
1998 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02D4614FE9EFC72FE0D30C4" box="[353,510,945,967]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Lopha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="solitaria">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02D4614FE9EFC72FE0D30C4" box="[353,510,945,967]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Lopha solitaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
—Breton: pl. 1, fig. 11.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C02D4614FF31FC19FB3730F3" blockId="52.[159,1360,160,1339]" box="[206,1220,986,1008]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
1998 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02D4614FE9EFC18FCE030F3" authority="J. Sowerby 1815" authorityName="J. Sowerby" authorityYear="1815" box="[353,787,986,1008]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Actinostreon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gregareum">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02D4614FE9EFC18FDA630F3" box="[353,597,987,1008]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Actinostreon gregareum</emphasis>
(J. Sowerby 1815)
</taxonomicName>
—Holzapfel: p. 105, pl. 6, figs. 18–19, 21.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C02D4614FF31FBC7FB4F3719" blockId="52.[159,1360,160,1339]" box="[206,1212,1028,1050]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
1998 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02D4614FE9EFBC7FDB73719" box="[353,580,1028,1050]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Actinostreon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="costatum">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02D4614FE9EFBC7FDB73719" box="[353,580,1028,1050]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Actinostreon costatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(J. de C. Sowerby 1825)—Holzapfel: p. 104, pl. 6, figs. 8–14.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C02D4614FF31FBEEFBC83740" blockId="52.[159,1360,160,1339]" box="[206,1083,1069,1091]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
1999 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02D4614FE9EFBEDFCE03740" authority="J. Sowerby 1815" authorityName="J. Sowerby" authorityYear="1815" box="[353,787,1069,1091]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Actinostreon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gregareum">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02D4614FE9EFBEDFDA63740" box="[353,597,1070,1091]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Actinostreon gregareum</emphasis>
(J. Sowerby 1815)
</taxonomicName>
—Ahmad: p. 15, pl. 6, fig. 3.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C02D4614FF31FB95FBCE376F" blockId="52.[159,1360,160,1339]" box="[206,1085,1110,1133]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
2002 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02D4614FE9EFB94FCE7376F" authority="J. Sowerby 1815" authorityName="J. Sowerby" authorityYear="1815" box="[353,788,1110,1133]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Actinostreon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gregareum">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02D4614FE9EFB94FDA6376E" box="[353,597,1111,1133]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Actinostreon gregareum</emphasis>
(J. Sowerby 1815)
</taxonomicName>
—Gahr: p. 123, pl. 3, fig. 12.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C02D4614FF31FB43FAE73795" blockId="52.[159,1360,160,1339]" box="[206,1300,1152,1174]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
2002 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02D4614FE9EFB42FCEB3795" authority="J. Sowerby, 1815" authorityName="J. Sowerby" authorityYear="1815" box="[353,792,1152,1174]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Actinostreon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gregareum">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02D4614FE9EFB42FDA63795" box="[353,597,1153,1174]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Actinostreon gregareum</emphasis>
(J. Sowerby, 1815)
</taxonomicName>
—Sha, Smith &amp; Fürsich: p. 433, figs. 6, 7.1–7.14.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C02D4614FF31FB6AFBA037BC" blockId="52.[159,1360,160,1339]" box="[206,1107,1193,1215]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
2005 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02D4614FE9EFB69FCE737BC" authority="J. Sowerby, 1824" authorityName="J. Sowerby" authorityYear="1824" box="[353,788,1193,1215]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Actinostreon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="solitarium">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02D4614FE9EFB69FDA337BC" box="[353,592,1193,1215]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Actinostreon solitarium</emphasis>
(J. Sowerby, 1824)
</taxonomicName>
—Scholz: p. 26, pl.4, figs. 4–7.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C02D4614FF31FB11FD2B37EB" blockId="52.[159,1360,160,1339]" box="[206,728,1234,1256]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
2006 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02D4614FE9EFB11FE1737EB" box="[353,484,1234,1256]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Actinostreon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Actinostreon</taxonomicName>
gregareum—Hicks: 36.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C02D4614FF31FB3FFC223611" blockId="52.[159,1360,160,1339]" box="[206,977,1276,1298]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
2006 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02D4614FE9EFB3FFCEB3611" authority="J. Sowerby, 1816" authorityName="J. Sowerby" authorityYear="1816" box="[353,792,1276,1298]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Actinostreon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gregareum">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02D4614FE9EFB3FFDA63611" box="[353,597,1276,1298]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Actinostreon gregareum</emphasis>
(J. Sowerby, 1816)
</taxonomicName>
—Richardt: 9, 18.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C02D4614FF31FAE6FB853638" blockId="52.[159,1360,160,1339]" box="[206,1142,1317,1339]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
2011 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02D4614FE9EFAE5FDA33638" box="[353,592,1317,1339]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Actinostreon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="solitarium">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02D4614FE9EFAE5FDA33638" box="[353,592,1317,1339]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Actinostreon solitarium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(J. de C. Sowerby)—Kiessling 
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02D4614FC6CFAE5FC4C3638" box="[915,959,1317,1339]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">et al</emphasis>
.: p. 209, fig. 13G.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C02D4614FF68FAB9FD1B36D8" blockId="52.[151,1437,1402,2003]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02D4614FF68FAB9FE743690" bold="true" box="[151,391,1402,1427]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
<typeStatus id="54828863C02D4614FF68FAB9FEFE3690" box="[151,269,1402,1427]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
(not seen)
</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02D4614FE6BFAB8FDB83690" box="[404,587,1403,1427]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Ostrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gregarea">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02D4614FE6BFAB8FDB83690" box="[404,587,1403,1427]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Ostrea gregarea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
J. de Sowerby, 1815: p. 19, pl. 111, fig. 3; subsequent designation by 
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B30C02D4614FAAAFAB9FF2036B4" author="Arkell" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" refString="Arkell, W. J. (1933) The Jurassic system in Great Britain. Oxford University Press, London, xi + 681 pp." type="book" year="1933">Arkell 1933</bibRefCitation>
: p. 185, pl. 22, fig. 5, BM. 44120a (NHMUK). Westbrook near Bromham, Wiltshire, 
<collectingCountry id="F32E7651C02D4614FB3EFA5DFAD236B4" box="[1217,1313,1438,1463]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">England</collectingCountry>
, Berkshire Oolite Series?, Coral rag, Oxfordian, Upper Jurassic.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C323654AC02D4614FF38FA25FDD83544" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C02D4614FF38FA25FDD83544" blockId="52.[151,1437,1402,2003]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02D4614FF38FA25FEDC36FC" bold="true" box="[199,303,1510,1535]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Material</emphasis>
. More than 1000, mostly articulated specimens, including numerous juvenile specimens, from the Banné Marls of the Reuchenette Formation of Vâ Tche Tchâ near Courtedoux (Ajoie, 
<collectingCountry id="F32E7651C02D4614FB4FF9C9FAC93520" box="[1200,1338,1546,1571]" name="Switzerland" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Switzerland</collectingCountry>
), Lower Kimmeridgian (Appendix, 
<tableCitation id="C6BB037AC02D4614FE38F9EDFDEF3544" box="[455,540,1582,1607]" captionStart="TABLE 8" captionStartId="72.[151,239,982,1005]" captionTargetBox="[159,1372,1033,1964]" captionTargetPageId="72" captionText="TABLE 8. Actinostreon gregareum (J. Sowerby, 1815)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF466649C0514668FF68FC15FD1B30EE" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" tableUuid="DF466649C0514668FF68FC15FD1B30EE">Table 8</tableCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C323654AC02D4615FF38F991FD7034BA" lastPageId="53" lastPageNumber="54" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C02D4614FF38F991FAD435D4" blockId="52.[151,1437,1402,2003]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02D4614FF38F991FEA23568" bold="true" box="[199,337,1618,1643]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Description</emphasis>
. Shape, size—LV slightly larger and more inflated than RV; shape largely influenced by attachment size; rather undisturbed growth broadly curved with posteroventral branchitellum; otherwise round, oval, elongated, trigonal to sickle-shaped; umbones small, acute, slightly recurved; opisthogyrate, rarely prosogyrate (e.g., Pl. 16.5a–b, d). Examined specimens between 
<quantity id="4CC19B24C02D4614FC93F97CFC2735D5" box="[876,980,1727,1751]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.2" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="1.4" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" unit="cm" value="4.2" valueMax="7.0" valueMin="1.4">1.4–7 cm</quantity>
in height (Appendix, 
<tableCitation id="C6BB037AC02D4614FB34F97DFAED35D4" box="[1227,1310,1726,1751]" captionStart="TABLE 8" captionStartId="72.[151,239,982,1005]" captionTargetBox="[159,1372,1033,1964]" captionTargetPageId="72" captionText="TABLE 8. Actinostreon gregareum (J. Sowerby, 1815)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF466649C0514668FF68FC15FD1B30EE" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" tableUuid="DF466649C0514668FF68FC15FD1B30EE">Table 8</tableCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C02D4614FF38F921FBA43464" blockId="52.[151,1437,1402,2003]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Sculpture—Attached portion of shell often with replicates of overgrown objects (Pls. 16.3a,b, 4; 17.1a, c, 4b; 18.1a, 2a,c, 4a,b). Detached shell margin plicate; plicae growth direction roughly antimarginal, initially often with wavy, later typically with chevron shaped cross section; number of plicae increasing by splitting and intercalation; number variable (ca. 5–35), usually more than 20; plicae become squamous ventrally.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C02D4614FF38F8B1FB2D34D0" blockId="52.[151,1437,1402,2003]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
Ligament area—Well developed, initially curved, prosodetic, later growing anteroventrally, bourrelets in LV thick, convex, in adults almost as wide as resilifer; bourrelets in RV less convex, resilifer less sunken, may become convex tending to alivincular-arcuate (see definition in 
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B30C02D4614FCFBF878FC2934D0" box="[772,986,1978,2003]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" refString="Carter, J. G., Harries, P. J., Malchus, N., Sartori, A. F., Anderson, L. C., Bieler, R., Bogan, A. E., Coan, E. V., Cope, J. C. W., Cragg, S. M., Garcia-March, J. R., Hylleberg, J., Kelley, P., Kleemann, K., Kriz, J., McRoberts, C., Mikkelsen, P. M., Pojeta, J. jr., Temkin, I., Yancey, T. &amp; Zieritz, A. (2012) Part N, Revised, Volume 1, Chapter 31: Illustrated Glossary of the Bivalvia. Treatise Online, 48, 1 - 209." type="book chapter">
Carter 
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02D4614FCAFF87FFC7134D0" box="[848,898,1978,2003]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">et al</emphasis>
. (2012)
</bibRefCitation>
(Pl. 17.3a–d, Pl. 18.6).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C02C4615FF38FF54FDBD3243" blockId="53.[151,1437,151,1977]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
Internal shell characters—Umbonal cavity small to absent. Adductor scar large, weakly raised ventrally, position slightly posterodorsal. Quenstedt muscle scar present in both valves, but rarely observable (Pl. 17.3b–c). Chomata present in all (eco)phenotypes, straight 
<typeStatus id="54828863C02C4615FD36FF23FD0F33FB" box="[713,764,224,248]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">type</typeStatus>
, rather small (length between 
<quantity id="4CC19B24C02C4615FBA6FF1CFB1733F4" box="[1113,1252,223,248]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" unit="mm" value="0.44999999999999996" valueMax="0.6" valueMin="0.3">0.3–0.6 mm</quantity>
, width 
<quantity id="4CC19B24C02C4615FAC5FF23FF37321F" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.95" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="0.8999999999999999" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" unit="mm" value="0.195" valueMax="0.3" valueMin="0.09">0.09–0.3 mm</quantity>
) and faint, on anterior and posterior dorsal shell margin, occasionally reaching further ventral than adductor scar, especially in juveniles (Pl. 17.4a).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C02C4615FF38FE8FFE07311B" blockId="53.[151,1437,151,1977]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
Microstructure—Both valves with light-weight shell architecture; outermost prismatic shell layer not seen in either valve (eroded?); visible (non-chambered) outer-middle layers homogeneous “mosaic” to complex cross foliated (
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02C4615FEFFFE56FED232AF" box="[256,289,405,428]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">ca.</emphasis>
500 µm thick); middle-inner layers with many small and medium large chambers, small chambers especially below rib crests, convex or biconvex in cross-section; chambers typically empty (or filled diagenetically with sparry cement), mocret absent or very rare (Pl. 22), chamber walls predominantly regular foliated, walls of void chambers often collapsed.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C02C4615FF38FDE7FEA531AB" blockId="53.[151,1437,151,1977]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Prodissoconch, juvenile—Prodissoconch and earliest postlarval shell unknown (but see Pl. 19.4a–d). Small juveniles tend to have a stronger coiled umbo than adults (Pl. 18.4a–b, 5). The PAM of juveniles is oval (Pl. 18.3b); however, it rotates during ontogeny so that the anterior margin of the juvenile PAM becomes the adult dorsal adductor margin.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C02C4615FF38FD77FB4830A6" blockId="53.[151,1437,151,1977]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02C4615FF38FD77FEAC31CE" bold="true" box="[199,351,692,717]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Paleoecology</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02C4615FE92FD77FD8831CF" box="[365,635,692,716]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Actinostreon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gregareum">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02C4615FE92FD77FD8831CF" box="[365,635,692,716]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Actinostreon gregareum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is typical of the marls and marly limestones of the Banné Marls (Ajoie, 
<collectingCountry id="F32E7651C02C4615FF68FD14FEEC31F3" box="[151,287,727,752]" name="Switzerland" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Switzerland</collectingCountry>
) where specimens are often found articulated. 
<collectingCountry id="F32E7651C02C4615FCA4FD1BFC8931F3" box="[859,890,728,752]" name="American Samoa" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">As</collectingCountry>
its name suggests, the species is gregarious, occasionally forming aggregates of dozens of specimens (Pls. 16.2a,b; 17.2a,b; 19.2a–d) (compare with the often solitary growth of the ecomorph “ 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02C4615FDDFFCE3FD46303B" box="[544,693,799,824]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Actinostreon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="solitarium">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02C4615FDDFFCE3FD46303B" box="[544,693,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">A. solitarium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
”). Individuals or small clusters often settle on large bivalve and gastropod shells. Elongate morphotypes are commonly attached to the spines of the gastropod 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02C4615FB2CFC87FAAD305E" box="[1235,1374,836,861]" class="Gastropoda" family="Harpagodidae" genus="Harpagodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caenogastropoda" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02C4615FB2CFC87FAAD305E" box="[1235,1374,836,861]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Harpagodes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
or to the delicate stems (Pl. 16.3a,b; Pl. 17.4a,b) and thalli of 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02C4615FCF0FCA4FC723083" box="[783,897,871,896]" class="Ulvophyceae" family="Dasycladaceae" genus="Goniolina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Dasycladales" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chlorophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02C4615FCF0FCA4FC723083" box="[783,897,871,896]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Goniolina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(calcareous algae) (Pls. 17.4; 18.1–3) (compare also 
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B30C02C4615FF34FC4FFE5030A7" author="Pugaczewska" box="[203,419,908,933]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" refString="Pugaczewska, H. (1971) Jurassic Ostreidae of Poland. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica, 16 (3), 195 - 311." type="journal article" year="1971">Pugaczewska 1971</bibRefCitation>
, pl. 6, figs. 2a,b, 8a,b; for specimens settling on spines of sea urchins).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C02C4615FF68FC73FE9B375B" blockId="53.[151,1437,151,1977]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
Present sedimentary and biogenic evidence suggests that 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02C4615FCADFC73FC0130CB" box="[850,1010,944,968]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Actinostreon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gregareum">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02C4615FCADFC73FC0130CB" box="[850,1010,944,968]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">A. gregareum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
thrived in relatively calm subtidal environments. 
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B30C02C4615FEBBFC17FDB730EF" author="Arkell" box="[324,580,980,1005]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" refString="Arkell, W. J. (1933) The Jurassic system in Great Britain. Oxford University Press, London, xi + 681 pp." type="book" year="1933" yearSuffix="p">Arkell (1933, p. 184)</bibRefCitation>
associated the species with coral reef settings (the 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02C4615FB46FC16FE663713" authority="Limestones, Corallian" authorityName="Limestones, Corallian" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Trigoniaceae" genus="Trigonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Malpighiales" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hudlestoni">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02C4615FB46FC16FA6F30EE" box="[1209,1436,980,1005]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Trigonia hudlestoni</emphasis>
Limestones, Corallian
</taxonomicName>
, Upper Oxfordian, 
<collectingCountry id="F32E7651C02C4615FD85FC34FD2E3713" box="[634,733,1015,1040]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">England</collectingCountry>
). 
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B30C02C4615FD0CFC34FC6F3713" author="Fursich" box="[755,924,1015,1040]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" refString="Fursich, F. T. (1977) Corallian (Upper Jurassic) marine benthic associations from England and Normandy. Palaeontology, 20 (2), 337 - 385." type="journal article" year="1977">Fürsich (1977)</bibRefCitation>
and 
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B30C02C4615FC24FC34FB513713" box="[987,1186,1015,1040]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" refString="Sha, J., Smith, P. L. &amp; Fursich, F. T. (2002) Jurassic Ostreoida (Bivalvia) from China (Tanggula Mountains, Qinghai-Xizang plateau) and their paleobiogeographic context. Journal of Paleontology, 76 (3), 431 - 446. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1666 / 0022 - 3360 (2002) 076 &lt;0431: JOBFCT&gt; 2.0. CO; 2" type="journal article">
Sha 
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02C4615FBEFFC3AFBBF3713" box="[1040,1100,1015,1040]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">et al.</emphasis>
(2002)
</bibRefCitation>
reported high-energy conditions as the favoured environment. All settings from which the species has been described indicate fully marine conditions.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C02C4615FF38FBA7FEA43633" blockId="53.[151,1437,151,1977]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02C4615FF38FBA7FEA0377E" bold="true" box="[199,339,1124,1149]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Occurrence</emphasis>
. In 
<collectingCountry id="F32E7651C02C4615FE7BFBA7FDFE377E" box="[388,525,1124,1149]" name="Switzerland" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Switzerland</collectingCountry>
, in the Lower Kimmeridgian Vabenau and Banné Members of the Reuchenette Formation, Bathonian–Tithonian of Central and Eastern Europe, Toarcian–Kimmeridgian of 
<collectingCountry id="F32E7651C02C4615FB40FB44FAF137A3" box="[1215,1282,1159,1184]" name="Spain" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Spain</collectingCountry>
, Tithonian of 
<collectingCountry id="F32E7651C02C4615FF68FB6FFEBE37C6" box="[151,333,1196,1221]" name="Czech Republic" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Czech Republic</collectingCountry>
, Bajocian–Kimmeridgian of 
<collectingCountry id="F32E7651C02C4615FD6AFB6FFD2537C6" box="[661,726,1196,1221]" name="Israel" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Israel</collectingCountry>
, Oxfordian–Kimmeridgian of Arabia, Toarcian–Kimmeridgian of East Africa, Bajocian–Bathonian of 
<collectingCountry id="F32E7651C02C4615FD5EFB13FD2237E4" box="[673,721,1232,1255]" name="Iran" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Iran</collectingCountry>
, Bajocian of 
<collectingCountry id="F32E7651C02C4615FC68FB0CFBF337EB" box="[919,1024,1231,1256]" name="Australia" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Australia</collectingCountry>
, Sinemurian–Aalenian of 
<collectingCountry id="F32E7651C02C4615FAA7FB0CFA6437EB" box="[1368,1431,1231,1256]" name="Chile" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Chile</collectingCountry>
, Bathonian–Oxfordian of 
<collectingCountry id="F32E7651C02C4615FE4FFB37FE19360E" box="[432,490,1268,1293]" name="India" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">India</collectingCountry>
and 
<collectingCountry id="F32E7651C02C4615FDE0FB37FD96360E" box="[543,613,1268,1293]" name="China" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">China</collectingCountry>
, Oxfordian–Kimmeridgian of 
<collectingCountry id="F32E7651C02C4615FC46FB36FBFB360F" box="[953,1032,1269,1292]" name="Myanmar" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Burma</collectingCountry>
, Upper Jurassic of 
<collectingCountry id="F32E7651C02C4615FB22FB36FAEE360F" box="[1245,1309,1269,1292]" name="Japan" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Japan</collectingCountry>
(see 
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B30C02C4615FAA8FB37FF053633" author="Sha" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" refString="Sha, J., Smith, P. L. &amp; Fursich, F. T. (2002) Jurassic Ostreoida (Bivalvia) from China (Tanggula Mountains, Qinghai-Xizang plateau) and their paleobiogeographic context. Journal of Paleontology, 76 (3), 431 - 446. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1666 / 0022 - 3360 (2002) 076 &lt;0431: JOBFCT&gt; 2.0. CO; 2" type="journal article" year="2002">
Sha 
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02C4615FA77FB36FF473633" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">et al.</emphasis>
2002
</bibRefCitation>
, p. 435).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C02C4615FF38FAFFFD8436C3" blockId="53.[151,1437,151,1977]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02C4615FF38FAFFFE963656" bold="true" box="[199,357,1340,1365]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Comparisons</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02C4615FE7BFAFFFD573657" box="[388,676,1340,1364]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Actinostreon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gregareum">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02C4615FE7BFAFFFD573657" box="[388,676,1340,1364]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Actinostreon gregareum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is remarkably polymorphic even within the rather calm paleoenvironments of the Banné Marls. Because of its many transitional forms with populations described from more turbulent regimes, it is virtually impossible to separate the numerous alleged morphospecies described by 
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B30C02C4615FF68FA64FE8C36C3" author="Pugaczewska" box="[151,383,1447,1472]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" refString="Pugaczewska, H. (1971) Jurassic Ostreidae of Poland. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica, 16 (3), 195 - 311." type="journal article" year="1971">Pugaczewska (1971)</bibRefCitation>
and previous authors.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C02C4615FF38FA0FFA6E3553" blockId="53.[151,1437,151,1977]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
The present approach largely agrees with the assessments and extensive synonymies given by 
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B30C02C4615FB1CFA0FFA6436E7" author="Aberhan" box="[1251,1431,1484,1509]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" refString="Aberhan, M. (1994) Early Jurassic Bivalvia of northern Chile. Part. I. Subclasses Palaeotaxodonta, Pteriomorphia, and Isofilibranchia. Beringeria, 13, 3 - 115." type="journal article" year="1994">Aberhan (1994)</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B30C02C4615FF68FA33FEEE350B" author="Cox" box="[151,285,1519,1544]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" refString="Cox, L. R. (1952) The Jurassic lamellibranch fauna of Cutch (Kachh). No. 3, Families Pectinidae, Amusiidae, Plicatulidae, Limidae, Ostreidae and Trigoniidae (Supplement). Memoirs of the Geological Survey of India, Palaeontologica Indica, Series 9, 3 (4), 1 - 128." type="journal article" year="1952">Cox (1952)</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B30C02C4615FED1FA2CFE4D350B" author="Gahr" box="[302,446,1519,1544]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" refString="Gahr, M. E. (2002) Palokologie des Makrobenthos aus dem Unter-Toarc SW-Europas. Beringeria, 31, 3 - 204." type="journal article" year="2002">Gahr (2002)</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B30C02C4615FE31FA2CFD59350B" box="[462,682,1519,1544]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" refString="Jaitly, A. K., Fursich, F. T. &amp; Heinze, M. (1995) Contributions to the Jurassic of Kauchchh, western India. IV. The bivalve fauna. Part I. Subclasses Palaeotaxodonta, Pteriomorphia, and Isofilibranchia. Beringeria, 16, 147 - 257." type="journal article">
Jaitly 
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02C4615FDE9FA32FDA0350B" box="[534,595,1519,1544]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">et al.</emphasis>
(1995)
</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B30C02C4615FD45FA2CFC77350B" box="[698,900,1519,1544]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" refString="Sha, J., Smith, P. L. &amp; Fursich, F. T. (2002) Jurassic Ostreoida (Bivalvia) from China (Tanggula Mountains, Qinghai-Xizang plateau) and their paleobiogeographic context. Journal of Paleontology, 76 (3), 431 - 446. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1666 / 0022 - 3360 (2002) 076 &lt;0431: JOBFCT&gt; 2.0. CO; 2" type="journal article">
Sha 
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02C4615FD10FA32FCDF350B" box="[751,812,1519,1544]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">et al.</emphasis>
(2002)
</bibRefCitation>
, and 
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B30C02C4615FC37FA2CFB85350B" author="Siewert" box="[968,1142,1519,1544]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" refString="Siewert, W. (1972) Schalenbau und Stammesgeschichte der Austern. Stuttgarter Beitrage zur Naturkunde, B, 1, 1 - 57." type="journal article" year="1972">Siewert (1972)</bibRefCitation>
. However, this makes 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02C4615FA7BFA33FEE3352F" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Actinostreon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gregareum">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02C4615FA7BFA33FEE3352F" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">A. gregareum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
a stratigraphically suspiciously wide-ranging species which still requires corroboration. The following list briefly discusses presumably distinct species in alphabetic order and with more doubtful cases towards the end.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C02C4615FF38F99FFB1635E3" blockId="53.[151,1437,151,1977]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02C4615FF38F99FFD693577" authority="J. Sowerby, 1814" authorityName="J. Sowerby" authorityYear="1814" box="[199,666,1628,1653]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Actinostreon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="marshii">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02C4615FF38F99FFE473576" box="[199,436,1628,1653]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Actinostreon marshii</emphasis>
(J. Sowerby, 1814)
</taxonomicName>
(p. 103, pl. 48)—The species was first described from the Upper Cornbrash (Bathonian) in the neighbourhood of Felmersham near Bedford (Bedfordshire, 
<collectingCountry id="F32E7651C02C4615FB54F9BCFAFE359B" box="[1195,1293,1663,1688]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">England</collectingCountry>
), but is also known from the Bajocian to Oxfordian in Europe (Pl. 19.3–4 for specimens of the Callovian of 
<collectingCountry id="F32E7651C02C4615FB43F967FADA35BE" box="[1212,1321,1700,1725]" name="Lithuania" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Lithuania</collectingCountry>
) and from the Upper Bathonian to the Kimmeridgian of 
<collectingCountry id="F32E7651C02C4615FD69F904FD3C35E3" box="[662,719,1735,1760]" name="India" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">India</collectingCountry>
(see 
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B30C02C4615FCF5F90BFC8835E3" author="Cox" box="[778,891,1735,1760]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" refString="Cox, L. R. (1952) The Jurassic lamellibranch fauna of Cutch (Kachh). No. 3, Families Pectinidae, Amusiidae, Plicatulidae, Limidae, Ostreidae and Trigoniidae (Supplement). Memoirs of the Geological Survey of India, Palaeontologica Indica, Series 9, 3 (4), 1 - 128." type="journal article" year="1952">Cox 1952</bibRefCitation>
, for synonymy and occurrence).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C02C4615FF38F92FFD7034BA" blockId="53.[151,1437,151,1977]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
The species is characterized by few (7 or 8) strongly developed plicae and reaches a larger adult size with thicker shells than 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02C4615FE8FF8D3FDF9342B" box="[368,522,1808,1832]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Actinostreon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gregareum">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02C4615FE8FF8D3FDF9342B" box="[368,522,1808,1832]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">A. gregareum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Pl. 19.3). Adult specimens seem to lack chomata. The figured small specimen from 
<collectingCountry id="F32E7651C02C4615FF29F8F7FEB2344E" box="[214,321,1844,1869]" name="Lithuania" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Lithuania</collectingCountry>
also lacks them (Pl. 19.4a–d) but this should be tested for juvenile shells in general. Usually the species does not form clusters, but exceptions are known, e.g., in the Oxfordian of the Vaches Noires (Normandy, 
<collectingCountry id="F32E7651C02C4615FF68F8BFFF163497" box="[151,229,1916,1940]" name="France" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">France</collectingCountry>
) (Fürsich, pers. comm. 2014). It occurs in relatively calm and, judged by its common association with ammonites, also deeper paleoenvironments.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C323654AC02F4616FF38FF5BFC523470" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C02F4616FF38FF5BFBDB321F" blockId="54.[151,1437,151,1907]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02F4616FF38FF5BFD7333B3" authority="Reed, 1936" authorityName="Reed" authorityYear="1936" box="[199,640,151,176]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Actinostreon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="namtuensis">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02F4616FF38FF5BFE2D33B3" box="[199,478,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Actinostreon namtuensis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B30C02F4616FE0EFF54FD8B33B3" author="Reed" box="[497,632,151,176]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" refString="Reed, F. R. C (1936) Jurassic lamellibranchs from the Namyan Series, Northern Shan States. The Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 10, 18, 1 - 28." type="journal article" year="1936">Reed, 1936</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
(p. 9, pl. 1, fig. 1, 1a–b)—The species was originally described as 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02F4616FF68FF7FFE7F33D6" authority="Merian" authorityName="Merian" box="[151,396,188,213]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Lopha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="asellus">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02F4616FF68FF7FFEC733D6" box="[151,308,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Lopha asellus</emphasis>
Merian
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02F4616FE6BFF7EFDB133D7" box="[404,578,189,212]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Lopha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Mollusca" rank="variety" species="asellus" variety="namtuensis">
var. 
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02F4616FE3BFF7EFDB133D7" box="[452,578,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">namtuensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the Bathonian of 
<collectingCountry id="F32E7651C02F4616FCB3FF7EFC6F33D7" box="[844,924,189,212]" name="Myanmar" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Burma</collectingCountry>
. 
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B30C02F4616FC59FF7FFB9033D7" box="[934,1123,188,213]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" refString="Sha, J., Smith, P. L. &amp; Fursich, F. T. (2002) Jurassic Ostreoida (Bivalvia) from China (Tanggula Mountains, Qinghai-Xizang plateau) and their paleobiogeographic context. Journal of Paleontology, 76 (3), 431 - 446. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1666 / 0022 - 3360 (2002) 076 &lt;0431: JOBFCT&gt; 2.0. CO; 2" type="journal article">
Sha 
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02F4616FC27FF7EFBE333D6" box="[984,1040,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">et al.</emphasis>
(2002)
</bibRefCitation>
considered it a synonym of 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02F4616FF68FF23FEDC33FB" box="[151,303,224,248]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Actinostreon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gregareum">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02F4616FF68FF23FEDC33FB" box="[151,303,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">A. gregareum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. However, unlike 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02F4616FE02FF23FD6633FB" box="[509,661,224,248]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Actinostreon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gregareum">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02F4616FE02FF23FD6633FB" box="[509,661,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">A. gregareum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, this species has a non-curved shell (despite a small attachment area) and develops more than 30 plications which are much finer than in 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02F4616FC76FEC7FBD2321F" box="[905,1057,260,284]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Actinostreon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gregareum">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02F4616FC76FEC7FBD2321F" box="[905,1057,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">A. gregareum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C02F4616FF38FEEBFDF032F6" blockId="54.[151,1437,151,1907]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
? 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02F4616FF2CFEEBFD9B3243" authority="Schafle, 1929" authorityName="Schafle" authorityYear="1929" box="[211,616,295,320]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Actinostreon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="arietis">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02F4616FF2CFEEBFE413243" box="[211,434,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Actinostreon arietis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B30C02F4616FE3EFEE4FD933243" author="Schafle" box="[449,608,295,320]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" refString="Schafle, L. (1929) Uber Lias- und Doggeraustern. Geologische und palaontologische Abhandlungen, Neue Folge, 17, 65 - 150." type="journal article" year="1929">Schäfle, 1929</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
(p. 63, pl. 6, figs. 2–3)—The species was originally described from the Lower Sinemurian (
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02F4616FE7EFE8FFD973266" ID-CoL="BT3M3" authority="Limestone" authorityName="Limestone" box="[385,612,332,357]" class="Cephalopoda" family="Arietitidae" genus="Arietites" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ammonitida" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02F4616FE7EFE8FFE133260" box="[385,480,332,355]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Arietites</emphasis>
Limestone
</taxonomicName>
) of Vaihingen (Stuttgart, 
<collectingCountry id="F32E7651C02F4616FC6DFE8FFBF33267" box="[914,1024,332,356]" name="Germany" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Germany</collectingCountry>
). The only figured specimen is the 
<typeStatus id="54828863C02F4616FF68FEACFF0A328B" box="[151,249,367,392]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
which lacks the umbo and ventral shell portions. The remaining shell (
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02F4616FBE4FEB2FBCE328B" box="[1051,1085,369,392]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">ca.</emphasis>
<quantity id="4CC19B24C02F4616FBBBFEACFB633284" box="[1092,1168,367,392]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.6" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" unit="cm" value="6.6">6.6 cm</quantity>
high) is not curved and shows about 12 coarse plications (
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B30C02F4616FDE9FE57FD5D32AF" author="Schafle" box="[534,686,404,429]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" refString="Schafle, L. (1929) Uber Lias- und Doggeraustern. Geologische und palaontologische Abhandlungen, Neue Folge, 17, 65 - 150." type="journal article" year="1929">Schäfle 1929</bibRefCitation>
). Internal features and microstructures are unknown. In the light of the poor remains of the species, Schäfle’s allusion to the essentially crescentic genus 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02F4616FB94FE7BFB2C32CC" box="[1131,1247,440,463]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Arctostrea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pterioida" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02F4616FB94FE7BFB2C32CC" box="[1131,1247,440,463]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Arctostrea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the Lower Cretaceous is incomprehensible.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C02F4616FF38FDC3FD543017" blockId="54.[151,1437,151,1907]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
? 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02F4616FF2CFDC3FD64311B" authority="Defrance, 1821" authorityName="Defrance" authorityYear="1821" box="[211,663,511,536]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Actinostreon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="erucum">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02F4616FF2CFDC3FE30311B" box="[211,451,512,536]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Actinostreon erucum</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B30C02F4616FE27FE3CFD7D311B" author="Defrance" box="[472,654,511,536]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" refString="Defrance, M. J. L. (1821) Huitres (pp. 20 - 33). Dictionnaire des Sciences Naturelles, HUIT - IDYE, 22, 1 - 500. [Imprimerie de LB Normant, Paris, available from google books]" type="journal article" year="1821">Defrance, 1821</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
(p. 31)— 
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B30C02F4616FCF1FE3CFC23311B" author="Defrance" box="[782,976,511,536]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" refString="Defrance, M. J. L. (1821) Huitres (pp. 20 - 33). Dictionnaire des Sciences Naturelles, HUIT - IDYE, 22, 1 - 500. [Imprimerie de LB Normant, Paris, available from google books]" type="journal article" year="1821">Defrance (1821)</bibRefCitation>
introduced the name as 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02F4616FAFCFDC3FA6F311B" box="[1283,1436,512,536]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Ostrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="eruca">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02F4616FAFCFDC3FA6F311B" box="[1283,1436,512,536]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Ostrea eruca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
without figure and information about the origin of the 
<typeStatus id="54828863C02F4616FCD7FDE6FCAB313E" box="[808,856,549,573]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">type</typeStatus>
material in his oyster chapter of the Dictionaire Scientifique Naturelle. The species is known from the Upper Callovian to Lower Oxfordian of the “falaise du Calvados” (Normandie, 
<collectingCountry id="F32E7651C02F4616FE53FDAFFE093187" box="[428,506,620,644]" name="France" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">France</collectingCountry>
) (
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B30C02F4616FDEDFDAFFD653187" author="Bigot" box="[530,662,620,645]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" refString="Bigot, A. (1893) Observations sur l'Ammonites coronatus Brug. et sur les Ostrea eruca et rustica Defr. Bulletin du Laboratoire de Geologie de la Faculte des Sciences de Caen, 3, 133 - 138." type="journal article" year="1893">Bigot 1893</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B30C02F4616FD5CFDAFFD2D3187" author="Bigot" box="[675,734,620,644]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" refString="Bigot, A. (1904) Ostrea rustica Defrance, 1821, et Ostrea eruca Defrance, 1821. Palaeontologia universalis, Serie 2, 1, fiche 72, 72 a, fiche 73, 73 a." type="journal article" year="1904">1904</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B30C02F4616FD14FDAFFC713187" author="Raspail" box="[747,898,620,645]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" refString="Raspail, J. (1901) Contribution a l'etude de la falaise jurassique de Villers-sur-Mer. Feuille des jeunes Naturalistes, Serie 4, 31, 125 - 126, 169 - 172, 193 - 198." type="journal article" year="1901">Raspail 1901</bibRefCitation>
, pl. 11, fig. 8). 
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B30C02F4616FBC8FDAFFB313187" author="Bigot" box="[1079,1218,620,645]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" refString="Bigot, A. (1893) Observations sur l'Ammonites coronatus Brug. et sur les Ostrea eruca et rustica Defr. Bulletin du Laboratoire de Geologie de la Faculte des Sciences de Caen, 3, 133 - 138." type="journal article" year="1893">Bigot (1893</bibRefCitation>
, p. 136, pl. 2, figs. 4–6; 1904, Palaeontologia universalis, 73, 73a) figured the 
<typeStatus id="54828863C02F4616FCD6FD53FCAA31AB" box="[809,857,656,680]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">type</typeStatus>
material of 
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B30C02F4616FC1FFD4CFB6431AB" author="Defrance" box="[992,1175,655,680]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" refString="Defrance, M. J. L. (1821) Huitres (pp. 20 - 33). Dictionnaire des Sciences Naturelles, HUIT - IDYE, 22, 1 - 500. [Imprimerie de LB Normant, Paris, available from google books]" type="journal article" year="1821">Defrance (1821)</bibRefCitation>
and supposed Patrie (= Le Mesnil-Patry?) close to Villers-sur-Mer as the most likely 
<typeStatus id="54828863C02F4616FC97FD76FC6B31CE" box="[872,920,693,717]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">type</typeStatus>
locality. The species was suggested by 
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B30C02F4616FA92FD77FEC831F3" author="Cox" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" refString="Cox, L. R. (1952) The Jurassic lamellibranch fauna of Cutch (Kachh). No. 3, Families Pectinidae, Amusiidae, Plicatulidae, Limidae, Ostreidae and Trigoniidae (Supplement). Memoirs of the Geological Survey of India, Palaeontologica Indica, Series 9, 3 (4), 1 - 128." type="journal article" year="1952" yearSuffix="p">Cox (1952, p. 105)</bibRefCitation>
as a replacement name for 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02F4616FD7FFD1BFBDB31F3" authority="Schlotheim, 1820" authorityName="Schlotheim" authorityYear="1820" box="[640,1064,727,752]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Ostrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="hastellata">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02F4616FD7FFD1BFCB031F3" box="[640,835,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Ostrea hastellata</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B30C02F4616FCAAFD14FBD331F3" author="Schlotheim" box="[853,1056,727,752]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" refString="Schlotheim, E. F. von (1820) Die Petrefactenkunde. Becker, Gotha, lxii + 437 pp." type="book" year="1820">Schlotheim, 1820</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
[itself an invalid short form for 
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02F4616FF68FD3EFE393016" box="[151,458,764,789]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Ostracites cristahastellatus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B30C02F4616FE2EFD3FFD6F3017" author="Schlotheim" box="[465,668,764,789]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" refString="Schlotheim, E. F. von (1820) Die Petrefactenkunde. Becker, Gotha, lxii + 437 pp." type="book" year="1820">Schlotheim, 1820</bibRefCitation>
].
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C02F4616FF38FCDCFE5330EF" blockId="54.[151,1437,151,1907]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
The species is narrowly sickle-shaped without being attached to a cylindrical object, thin-shelled, and the central area lacks plicae. This species was attributed to several other oyster genera such as 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02F4616FB6DFC87FAF53058" box="[1170,1286,836,859]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Arctostrea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pterioida" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02F4616FB6DFC87FAF53058" box="[1170,1286,836,859]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Arctostrea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
or 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02F4616FAD3FC87FA6F305E" box="[1324,1436,836,861]" class="Bivalvia" family="Myalinidae" genus="Rastellum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pterioida" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02F4616FAD3FC87FA6F305E" box="[1324,1436,836,861]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Rastellum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B30C02F4616FF60FCABFE593083" author="Cox" box="[159,426,871,896]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" refString="Cox, L. R. (1952) The Jurassic lamellibranch fauna of Cutch (Kachh). No. 3, Families Pectinidae, Amusiidae, Plicatulidae, Limidae, Ostreidae and Trigoniidae (Supplement). Memoirs of the Geological Survey of India, Palaeontologica Indica, Series 9, 3 (4), 1 - 128." type="journal article" year="1952" yearSuffix="p">
Cox, 1952, p. 103 
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02F4616FE91FCA4FE8F3083" bold="true" box="[366,380,871,896]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">–</emphasis>
106
</bibRefCitation>
). In fact, the shape and plicae pattern are more reminiscent of the 
<typeStatus id="54828863C02F4616FB5CFCABFB203083" box="[1187,1235,872,896]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">type</typeStatus>
species of Upper Cretaceous 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02F4616FEE5FC4FFD8330A6" authority="Flemingostreinae" authorityName="Flemingostreinae" box="[282,624,908,933]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Agerostrea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02F4616FEE5FC4FFE6630A0" box="[282,405,908,931]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Agerostrea</emphasis>
(Flemingostreinae)
</taxonomicName>
which is a compact foliated genus (
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B30C02F4616FBFEFC4FFA6130A7" author="Malchus" box="[1025,1426,908,933]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" refString="Malchus, N. (1990) Revision der Kreide-Austern (Bivalvia: Pteriomorphia) Agyptens (Biostratigraphie, Systematik). Berliner Geowissenschaftliche Abhandlungen, Reihe A, 125, 1 - 231." type="journal article" year="1990" yearSuffix="p">Malchus, 1990, p. 160, pl. 15, fig. 8</bibRefCitation>
) (see also, 
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B30C02F4616FEF6FC6CFDC330CB" author="Klinger" box="[265,560,943,968]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" refString="Klinger, H. C. &amp; Malchus, N. (2008) The first record of Agerostrea ungulata (von Schlotheim, 1813) (Bivalvia: Ostreoidea) from the Maastrichtian of KwaZulu, South Africa, with a discussion of its distribution in southeast Africa and Madagascar. African Natural History, 4, 11 - 16." type="journal article" year="2008">Klinger &amp; Malchus, 2008</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B30C02F4616FDC1FC6CFD2A30CB" author="Stenzel" box="[574,729,943,968]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" refString="Stenzel, H. B. (1971) Oysters. In: Moore, R. C. (Eds.), Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology. Part N, Mollusca 6 (Bivalvia). Vol. 3. Geological Society of America, University of Kansas, Boulder, pp. N 953 - N 1124." type="journal article" year="1971">Stenzel, 1971</bibRefCitation>
, fig. J133). However, there are no further characters available for a sound assessment.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C02F4616FF38FC3BFC0F377E" blockId="54.[151,1437,151,1907]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
? 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02F4616FF2CFC3BFD4B3713" authority="Goldfuss, 1833" authorityName="Goldfuss" authorityYear="1833" box="[211,696,1015,1040]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Actinostreon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pulligerum">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02F4616FF2CFC3BFE1B3713" box="[211,488,1015,1040]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Actinostreon pulligerum</emphasis>
(Goldfuss, 1833)
</taxonomicName>
(p. 5, pl. 72, fig. 11a–c)—The 
<typeStatus id="54828863C02F4616FBC6FC3BFB9A3713" box="[1081,1129,1016,1040]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">type</typeStatus>
material, from the Upper Kimmeridgian Corallian facies of Nattheim (Swabian Alb, 
<collectingCountry id="F32E7651C02F4616FCA6FBDFFC353737" box="[857,966,1052,1076]" name="Germany" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Germany</collectingCountry>
), compares well with a juvenile, round variation of 
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02F4616FED0FB83FE25375B" box="[303,470,1088,1112]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02F4616FED0FB83FE21375B" box="[303,466,1088,1112]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Actinostreon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gregareum">A. gregareum</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
attached to a small object (Pl. 16, 
<figureCitation id="13022A44C02F4616FC68FBFCFBF0375B" box="[919,1027,1087,1112]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 5" captionStart-1="FIGURE 6" captionStartId-0="16.[151,250,1484,1506]" captionStartId-1="18.[151,250,1477,1499]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1436,179,1464]" captionTargetBox-1="[211,1368,207,1437]" captionTargetId-0="figure@16.[151,1436,179,1464]" captionTargetId-1="figure@18.[202,1384,195,1456]" captionTargetPageId-0="16" captionTargetPageId-1="18" captionText-0="FIGURE 5. Circunula n. gen. cotyledon (Contejean, 1859). 1 – 4. Lectotype: 1, idealized drawing of a bivalved specimen, refigured from Contejean (1859, pl. 24, fig. 15), MC 27 E- 105, Rôce in Montbéliard, Lower Kimmeridgian; 2, anteroventral view of LV attached on a Trichites fragment (refigured from Contejean 1859, pl. 24, fig. 16); 3, external view of RV (with attached paralectotype, revealed during preparation); 4, anteroventral view. 5 – 6. Paralectotype, small LV (MC 27 E- 105 a), attached on lectotype: 5, interior view; 6, prosodetic ligament area. 7. Paralectotype, RV interior, with opisthodetic ligament area, MC 27 E- 104, same locality and age as the lectotype. 8 – 9. Paralectotype, MC 27 E- 108, Arbouans near Montbéliard, France, Upper Oxfordian; 8, thick-shelled LV, idealized drawing refigured from Contejean (1859, pl. 24, fig. 17); 9, same LV, interior view. Scale bars 5 mm and 10 mm." captionText-1="FIGURE 6. Circunula n. gen. cotyledon (Contejean, 1859). 1 – 3. Drawings of three juvenile specimens originally attached close together on a Trichites - shell (CGN-ALO 009 - 1, see Fig. 8; Pl. 3.2 – 3), Alombre aux Vaches near Courgenay, Lower Kimmeridgian: 1, LV, umbo prosogyrate, ALO 009 - 1 - II; 2, LV, opisthogyrate, ALO 009 - 1 - I; 3, LV, opisthogyrate, ALO 009 - 1 - III. Scale x 5." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/288039/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/288040/files/figure.png" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Figs. 5-6</figureCitation>
) (see also 
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B30C02F4616FB6DFBFCFAD8375B" author="Arkell" box="[1170,1323,1087,1112]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" refString="Arkell, W. J. (1933) The Jurassic system in Great Britain. Oxford University Press, London, xi + 681 pp." type="book" year="1933">Arkell, 1933</bibRefCitation>
, p. 186). Unfortunately, little else is known about this species (
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B30C02F4616FD11FBA7FC68377F" author="Sha" box="[750,923,1124,1149]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" refString="Sha, J., Smith, P. L. &amp; Fursich, F. T. (2002) Jurassic Ostreoida (Bivalvia) from China (Tanggula Mountains, Qinghai-Xizang plateau) and their paleobiogeographic context. Journal of Paleontology, 76 (3), 431 - 446. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1666 / 0022 - 3360 (2002) 076 &lt;0431: JOBFCT&gt; 2.0. CO; 2" type="journal article" year="2002">
Sha 
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02F4616FCDEFBA6FCAA377E" box="[801,857,1124,1149]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">et al.</emphasis>
2002
</bibRefCitation>
, p. 436).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C02F4616FF38FB48FC7B369C" blockId="54.[151,1437,151,1907]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
? 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02F4616FF2CFB49FD7637A0" authority="Choffat" authorityName="Choffat" box="[211,645,1162,1187]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Ambigostrea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="boucaudensis">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02F4616FF2CFB49FDFF37A0" box="[211,524,1162,1187]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Ambigostrea boucaudensis</emphasis>
(Choffat)
</taxonomicName>
(manuscript name of the unpublished 3rd volume of Choffat’s monograph; according to Fürsich &amp; Werner, 1988, p. 103)—According to 
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B30C02F4616FBD6FB6DFA9537C4" author="Malchus" box="[1065,1382,1198,1223]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" refString="Malchus, N. (1990) Revision der Kreide-Austern (Bivalvia: Pteriomorphia) Agyptens (Biostratigraphie, Systematik). Berliner Geowissenschaftliche Abhandlungen, Reihe A, 125, 1 - 231." type="journal article" year="1990" yearSuffix="p">Malchus (1990, p. 68–70)</bibRefCitation>
, the 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02F4616FF68FB11FEE137E8" box="[151,274,1234,1259]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Agerostrea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="54" pageNumber="70" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="geological">Geological</taxonomicName>
Museum in Lisbon (
<collectingCountry id="F32E7651C02F4616FE06FB11FDA837E8" box="[505,603,1234,1259]" name="Portugal" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Portugal</collectingCountry>
) holds some specimens (nrs. 
<date id="FF871001C02F4616FC5DFB11FBD037E8" box="[930,1059,1234,1259]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" value="2593" valueMax="2598">2593–2598</date>
, 2600) from the Kimmeridgian of the Lusitanian Basin which were originally labelled as “ 
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02F4616FCE0FB34FCC9360D" box="[799,826,1271,1294]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
<collectingCountry id="F32E7651C02F4616FCE0FB34FCC5360D" box="[799,822,1271,1294]" name="Iceland" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">O</collectingCountry>
.
</emphasis>
” 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02F4616FCAFFB35FC44360C" box="[848,951,1270,1295]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Lopha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pulligera">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02F4616FCAFFB35FC44360C" box="[848,951,1270,1295]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">pulligera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02F4616FC3FFB3BFAB5360C" authority="Choffat. Unlike" authorityName="Choffat. Unlike" box="[960,1350,1270,1295]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" rank="variety" variety="boucaudensis">
var. 
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02F4616FC0CFB35FB7F360C" box="[1011,1164,1270,1295]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">boucaudensis</emphasis>
Choffat. Unlike
</taxonomicName>
typical 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02F4616FF68FAD8FED63631" box="[151,293,1307,1330]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Actinostreon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02F4616FF68FAD8FED63631" box="[151,293,1307,1330]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Actinostreon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species, this apparently undescribed variant or species is essentially compact foliated, develops nodular plicae, shows plenty of small but well developed relict chomata on its dorsal flanks, and has an ostreoid adductor scar. 
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B30C02F4616FEC3FAA1FE1C3678" author="Malchus" box="[316,495,1378,1403]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" refString="Malchus, N. (1990) Revision der Kreide-Austern (Bivalvia: Pteriomorphia) Agyptens (Biostratigraphie, Systematik). Berliner Geowissenschaftliche Abhandlungen, Reihe A, 125, 1 - 231." type="journal article" year="1990">Malchus (1990)</bibRefCitation>
hypothesized that “ 
<collectingCountry id="F32E7651C02F4616FD2EFAA0FD163679" box="[721,741,1379,1402]" name="Iceland" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02F4616FD2EFAA0FD163679" box="[721,741,1379,1402]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">O</emphasis>
</collectingCountry>
.” 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02F4616FCFEFAA1FBF83678" authority="Choffat" authorityName="Choffat" box="[769,1035,1378,1403]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Lopha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pulligera">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02F4616FCFEFAA1FC9B3678" box="[769,872,1378,1403]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">pulligera</emphasis>
sensu Choffat
</taxonomicName>
could be the earliest representative of his newly established genus 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02F4616FE0BFA45FD71369C" box="[500,642,1414,1439]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Ambigostrea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02F4616FE0BFA45FD71369C" box="[500,642,1414,1439]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Ambigostrea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B30C02F4616FD6EFA45FC88369C" author="Malchus" box="[657,891,1414,1439]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" refString="Malchus, N. (1990) Revision der Kreide-Austern (Bivalvia: Pteriomorphia) Agyptens (Biostratigraphie, Systematik). Berliner Geowissenschaftliche Abhandlungen, Reihe A, 125, 1 - 231." type="journal article" year="1990" yearSuffix="p">Malchus 1990, p. 85</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C02F4616FF38FA69FEDF3509" blockId="54.[151,1437,151,1907]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
Small straight chomata and an ostreoid adductor scar are also present on the original figure of Goldfuss (pl. 72, fig. 11c) which may suggest that both Choffat’s and Goldfuss’ specimens belong to 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02F4616FB7BFA0DFAE136E4" box="[1156,1298,1486,1511]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Ambigostrea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02F4616FB7BFA0DFAE136E4" box="[1156,1298,1486,1511]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Ambigostrea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
rather than 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02F4616FF68FA30FED63509" box="[151,293,1523,1546]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Actinostreon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02F4616FF68FA30FED63509" box="[151,293,1523,1546]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Actinostreon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C02F4616FF38F9D4FC693599" blockId="54.[151,1437,151,1907]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
? 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02F4616FF2CF9D5FD73352C" authority="Defrance, 1821" authorityName="Defrance" authorityYear="1821" box="[211,640,1558,1583]" class="Bivalvia" family="Myalinidae" genus="Rastellum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pterioida" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="rusticum">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02F4616FF2CF9D5FE42352C" box="[211,433,1558,1583]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Rastellum rusticum</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B30C02F4616FE3BF9D5FD84352C" author="Defrance" box="[452,631,1558,1583]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" refString="Defrance, M. J. L. (1821) Huitres (pp. 20 - 33). Dictionnaire des Sciences Naturelles, HUIT - IDYE, 22, 1 - 500. [Imprimerie de LB Normant, Paris, available from google books]" type="journal article" year="1821">Defrance, 1821</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
(p. 31)—The 
<typeStatus id="54828863C02F4616FCD2F9DBFC9B3533" box="[813,872,1560,1584]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">types</typeStatus>
of 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02F4616FC68F9D4FB09352C" authority="Defrance, 1821" authorityName="Defrance" authorityYear="1821" box="[919,1274,1558,1583]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Ostrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="rustica">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02F4616FC68F9D4FBC8352C" box="[919,1083,1559,1583]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Ostrea rustica</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B30C02F4616FBB8F9D5FB09352C" author="Defrance" box="[1095,1274,1558,1583]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" refString="Defrance, M. J. L. (1821) Huitres (pp. 20 - 33). Dictionnaire des Sciences Naturelles, HUIT - IDYE, 22, 1 - 500. [Imprimerie de LB Normant, Paris, available from google books]" type="journal article" year="1821">Defrance, 1821</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, are from the Middle Callovian of Gâprée (Basse-Normandie, Department Orne, 
<collectingCountry id="F32E7651C02F4616FC24F9F8FBDA3550" box="[987,1065,1595,1619]" name="France" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">France</collectingCountry>
) (
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B30C02F4616FBB4F9F9FDBA3574" author="Bigot" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" refString="Bigot, A. (1904) Ostrea rustica Defrance, 1821, et Ostrea eruca Defrance, 1821. Palaeontologia universalis, Serie 2, 1, fiche 72, 72 a, fiche 73, 73 a." type="journal article" year="1904" yearSuffix="a">Bigot, 1904, Palaeontologia universalis, 72, 72a, figs. C.1–3, P.1–3</bibRefCitation>
) (Fig. 21.1–2). The species is identical with 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02F4616FBBDF99CFA6F3574" authority="d'Orbigny, 1850" authorityName="d'Orbigny" authorityYear="1850" box="[1090,1436,1630,1655]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Ostrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="amata">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02F4616FBBDF99CFB283574" box="[1090,1243,1631,1655]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Ostrea amata</emphasis>
d’Orbigny, 1850
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B30C02F4616FF61F941FED33598" author="Bigot" box="[158,288,1666,1691]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" refString="Bigot, A. (1904) Ostrea rustica Defrance, 1821, et Ostrea eruca Defrance, 1821. Palaeontologia universalis, Serie 2, 1, fiche 72, 72 a, fiche 73, 73 a." type="journal article" year="1904">Bigot 1904</bibRefCitation>
, p. 72a) and is morphologically similar to 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02F4616FD04F940FC603598" box="[763,915,1667,1691]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Actinostreon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gregareum">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02F4616FD04F940FC603598" box="[763,915,1667,1691]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">A. gregareum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636C1C02F4616FF38F965FC523470" blockId="54.[151,1437,151,1907]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
Main differences are a narrower shape, a thinner shell and the larger number of plicae (30–50), covering the whole shell including the umbonal area, absence of chomata, and the more posterodorsally situated oval adductor scar (Fig. 21.3–7). The shell was chambered as indicated by a collapsed shell layer on the inner (depositional) surface of a specimen from Villers-sur-Mer, 
<collectingCountry id="F32E7651C02F4616FD75F8D0FD243429" box="[650,727,1811,1834]" name="France" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">France</collectingCountry>
(Calvados, Middle Oxfordian, 
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02F4616FBC9F8D1FB6B3428" box="[1078,1176,1810,1835]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">plicatilis</emphasis>
Zone) (FPJ-collection, nr. 5369; Fig. 21.5–6) and Liesberg, 
<collectingCountry id="F32E7651C02F4616FDCFF8F5FD45344C" box="[560,694,1846,1871]" name="Switzerland" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Switzerland</collectingCountry>
(Middle Callovian, 
<taxonomicName id="4C394D42C02F4616FC67F8FBFBA1344C" ID-CoL="6GQJ5" authority="Zone" authorityName="Zone" box="[920,1106,1847,1871]" class="Cephalopoda" family="Pachyceratidae" genus="Erymnoceras" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ammonitida" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="coronatum">
<emphasis id="B94DEAD3C02F4616FC67F8FBFBE3344C" box="[920,1040,1848,1871]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">coronatum</emphasis>
Zone
</taxonomicName>
) (FPJ, nr. 5367). This 
<typeStatus id="54828863C02F4616FAB2F8FBFA8E3453" box="[1357,1405,1848,1872]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">type</typeStatus>
of breakage is typical of specimens with larger (hollow) shell chambers.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>