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<document id="DBAB4151A2D9F042D97B3479C01D502E" ID-DOI="10.1093/zoolinnean/zlab050" ID-ISSN="0024-4082" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10115083" ID-ZooBank="9D60E284-31D3-4FBB-B6F1-88AB5AC91EAE" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1647258323461" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Atherton, Sarah &amp; Jondelius, Ulf" docDate="2022" docId="03908795FFE44B09FC5D8ED4DA8EFC2C" docLanguage="en" docName="zlab050.pdf" docOrigin="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 194" docStyle="DocumentStyle:36B3BD6A90C22AB4F7F465C853188CC8.7:ZoolJLinnSoc.2017-2023.journal_article" docStyleId="36B3BD6A90C22AB4F7F465C853188CC8" docStyleName="ZoolJLinnSoc.2017-2023.journal_article" docStyleVersion="7" docTitle="Faerlea tyleri Atherton &amp; Jondelius 2022, SP. NOV." docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="745" masterDocId="FFA9FFEDFFE34B00FF998B35D874FFAB" masterDocTitle="Phylogenetic assessment and systematic revision of the acoel family Isodiametridae" masterLastPageNumber="760" masterPageNumber="736" pageNumber="743" updateTime="1699759703321" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="314FB4C27A1ABF82E2167DF3A926993E">Phylogenetic assessment and systematic revision of the acoel family Isodiametridae</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="FABEFD647C8F6507725B7BE519D74A15">Atherton, Sarah</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="824724969FFDFA9BC35AEB46E33C0CC7">Jondelius, Ulf</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="C4A6581735167A4731B0071F2F870D58">Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="98B94366EF62B009DEC38C8B5E140E99">2022</mods:date>
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<treatment id="03908795FFE44B09FC5D8ED4DA8EFC2C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03908795FFE44B09FC5D8ED4DA8EFC2C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03908795FFE44B09FC5D8ED4DA8EFC2C" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="745" pageId="7" pageNumber="743">
<subSubSection id="C3236508FFE44B07FC5D8ED4DC81FA52" box="[964,1269,1505,1529]" pageId="7" pageNumber="743" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B863683FFE44B07FC5D8ED4DC81FA52" blockId="7.[964,1269,1505,1529]" box="[964,1269,1505,1529]" pageId="7" pageNumber="743">
<heading id="D0CE81EFFFE44B07FC5D8ED4DC81FA52" box="[964,1269,1505,1529]" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="743" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="4C394D00FFE44B07FC5D8ED4DCFFFA5C" authority="Atherton &amp; Jondelius, 2022" authorityName="Atherton &amp; Jondelius" authorityYear="2022" box="[964,1163,1505,1528]" family="Isodiametridae" genus="Faerlea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acoela" pageId="7" pageNumber="745" phylum="Xenacoelomorpha" rank="species" species="tyleri" status="sp. nov.">FAERLEA TYLERI</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B94DEA91FFE44B07FB0B8ED1DC81FA52" bold="true" box="[1170,1269,1505,1529]" pageId="7" pageNumber="743">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27E57EAFFE44B07FB0B8ED1DC81FA52" box="[1170,1269,1505,1529]" pageId="7" pageNumber="743" rank="species">SP. NOV.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C3236508FFE44B09FBAB8D32DA8EFC2C" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="745" pageId="7" pageNumber="743" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B863683FFE44B07FBAB8D32DCF3F98B" blockId="7.[1074,1159,1543,1568]" box="[1074,1159,1543,1568]" pageId="7" pageNumber="743">
(
<figureCitation id="13022A06FFE44B07FBA28D32DC0BF98B" box="[1083,1151,1543,1568]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="8.[163,242,1130,1152]" captionTargetBox="[164,1444,196,1089]" captionTargetId="figure-332@8.[163,1446,195,1091]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 4. Faerlea tyleri. A, whole body drawing, sagittal view. B, whole body drawing, frontal view. C, micropictograph of whole body. D, sagittal section of posterior end stained with haematoxylineosin. eg, egg; f, frontal organ; I, intestine; m, mouth; mco, male copulatory organ; p, penis; st, statocyst; sv, seminal vesicle; t, testis; v, vacuole." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10115091" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10115091/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="743">FIG. 4</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B863683FFE44B07FCB08D05DDFBF9CF" blockId="7.[809,1425,1584,1636]" pageId="7" pageNumber="743">
<emphasis id="B94DEA91FFE44B07FCB08D05DC02F9EE" box="[809,1142,1584,1605]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="743">Z o o b a n k r e g i s t r a t i o n:</emphasis>
u r n: l s i d: z o o b a n k. org:act:
<uuid id="FF9F0C56FFE44B07FCEC8D7BDDFBF9CF" box="[885,1423,1614,1636]" pageId="7" pageNumber="743">D7ACB50A-70AB-40E3-ADB7-86310945FB0F</uuid>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B863683FFE44B07FCB08DB7DBD1F95F" blockId="7.[809,1425,1666,1780]" pageId="7" pageNumber="743">
<emphasis id="B94DEA91FFE44B07FCB08DB7DC68F93C" box="[809,1052,1666,1687]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="743">Material examined:</emphasis>
<typeStatus id="54828821FFE44B07FBBF8DB7DCE0F933" box="[1062,1172,1666,1688]" pageId="7" pageNumber="743" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
(SMNH-Type-9336) and
<typeStatus id="54828821FFE44B07FCC58D94DBBBF91D" box="[860,975,1697,1718]" pageId="7" pageNumber="743" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
(SMNH-Type-9337): serially sectioned specimens. Digital video and photographs of original specimens.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B863683FFE44B07FCB08C26DC0BF8EC" blockId="7.[809,1424,1810,1863]" pageId="7" pageNumber="743">
<materialsCitation id="3B513CDEFFE44B07FCB08C26DC0FF8EC" country="United States of America" latitude="21.318954" location="Hawaii" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-157.66998" pageId="7" pageNumber="743" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Hawaii" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="B94DEA91FFE44B07FCB08C26DBACF88C" box="[809,984,1810,1832]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="743">
<typeStatus id="54828821FFE44B07FCB08C26DB17F883" box="[809,867,1811,1832]" pageId="7" pageNumber="743">Type</typeStatus>
locality:
</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F32E7613FFE44B07FC7F8C27DC56F88C" box="[998,1058,1810,1831]" name="United States of America" pageId="7" pageNumber="743">USA</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="49FDF861FFE44B07FBAD8C27DCE6F883" box="[1076,1170,1810,1832]" country="United States of America" name="Hawaii" pageId="7" pageNumber="743">Hawaii</collectingRegion>
, Waimanolo Beach.
<geoCoordinate id="EE0D5044FFE44B07FCB08C04DBC8F8ED" box="[809,956,1841,1862]" degrees="21" direction="north" minutes="19" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="743" precision="1" seconds="8.23" value="21.318954">21°198.23”N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE0D5044FFE44B07FC518C04DC0FF8EC" box="[968,1147,1841,1863]" degrees="157" direction="west" minutes="40" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="743" precision="1" seconds="11.92" value="-157.66998">157°4011.92”W</geoCoordinate>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF46660BFFEB4B08FF3A8F5FDCE4FB10" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10115091" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10115091" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10115091/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="744" startId="8.[163,242,1130,1152]" targetBox="[164,1444,196,1089]" targetPageId="8">
<paragraph id="8B863683FFEB4B08FF3A8F5FDCE4FB10" blockId="8.[163,1443,1130,1211]" pageId="8" pageNumber="744">
<emphasis id="B94DEA91FFEB4B08FF3A8F5FD978FBD4" bold="true" box="[163,268,1130,1152]" pageId="8" pageNumber="744">Figure 4.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C394D00FFEB4B08FE8E8F5ED9D7FB2A" authorityName="Atherton &amp; Jondelius" authorityYear="2022" box="[279,419,1131,1153]" family="Isodiametridae" genus="Faerlea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acoela" pageId="8" pageNumber="744" phylum="Xenacoelomorpha" rank="species" species="tyleri">
<emphasis id="B94DEA91FFEB4B08FE8E8F5ED9D7FB2A" box="[279,419,1131,1153]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="744">Faerlea tyleri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. A, whole body drawing, sagittal view. B, whole body drawing, frontal view. C, micropictograph of whole body. D, sagittal section of posterior end stained with haematoxylineosin. eg, egg; f, frontal organ; I, intestine; m, mouth; mco, male copulatory organ; p, penis; st, statocyst; sv, seminal vesicle; t, testis; v, vacuole.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B863683FFEB4B08FF3A8FDADAEEFA88" blockId="8.[163,778,1263,1315]" pageId="8" pageNumber="744">
<emphasis id="B94DEA91FFEB4B08FF3A8FDAD970FAAF" box="[163,260,1263,1284]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="744">Habitat:</emphasis>
Marine sediments; mixed fine and medium sand with some organic content;
<quantity id="4CC19B66FFEB4B08FD818E38DA23FA88" box="[536,599,1293,1315]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="8" pageNumber="744" unit="m" value="1.5">1.5 m</quantity>
deep.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B863683FFEB4B08FF3A8E72DA0DF9F9" blockId="8.[163,780,1351,1618]" pageId="8" pageNumber="744">
<emphasis id="B94DEA91FFEB4B08FF3A8E72D96AFAF7" box="[163,286,1351,1372]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="744">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
Species of
<taxonomicName id="4C394D00FFEB4B08FE3A8E72D98EFAF7" authorityName="Westblad" authorityYear="1945" box="[419,506,1351,1372]" family="Isodiametridae" genus="Faerlea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acoela" pageId="8" pageNumber="744" phylum="Xenacoelomorpha" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94DEA91FFEB4B08FE3A8E72D98EFAF7" box="[419,506,1351,1372]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="744">Faerlea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
without pigmentation, glassy. Body up to
<quantity id="4CC19B66FFEB4B08FEEB8E53D9C6FAD0" box="[370,434,1382,1403]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="744" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
long, vermiform with rounded anterior and posterior. Large vacuoles in posterior and laterally. Smaller vacuoles in the anterior. Frontal glands well developed. Rhabdoids absent. Testes and ovaries paired. Male copulatory organ located close the posterior end. Small, round seminal vesicle present with a penis as a simple inpocketing of the epidermis. Bursa or female accessory organs absent.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B863683FFEB4B08FF3A8D40D964F962" blockId="8.[163,778,1653,1737]" pageId="8" pageNumber="744">
<emphasis id="B94DEA91FFEB4B08FF3A8D40D95CF921" box="[163,296,1653,1674]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="744">Etymology:</emphasis>
This species is named after Seth Tyler in recognition of his contributions to the taxonomy of
<taxonomicName id="4C394D00FFEB4B08FF248D86D978F962" authorityName="ULJANIN" authorityYear="1870" box="[189,268,1715,1737]" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acoela" pageId="8" pageNumber="744" phylum="Xenacoelomorpha" rank="order">Acoela</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B863683FFEB4B08FF3A8DDAD95BF8AD" blockId="8.[163,303,1775,1798]" box="[163,303,1775,1798]" pageId="8" pageNumber="744">
<emphasis id="B94DEA91FFEB4B08FF3A8DDAD95BF8AD" box="[163,303,1775,1798]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="744">Description</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B863683FFEB4B08FF3A8C22DBA1F8C0" blockId="8.[163,778,1815,1898]" lastBlockId="8.[827,1443,1264,1899]" pageId="8" pageNumber="744">
Living specimens up to
<quantity id="4CC19B66FFEB4B08FE468C22DA52F887" box="[479,550,1815,1836]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="744" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
long. Glassy and without body pigmentation or eyespots. Body width ~67 µm at position of stylet and increasing toward posterior; ~100 µm at position of largest egg. Body shape vermiform with rounded anterior and posterior ends. Statocyst to 8 µm in diameter located 67 µm from anterior end. Frontal organ well developed. Large vacuoles present at the posterior end and extending laterally, decreasing in size toward the anterior; smaller vacuoles present in the anterior. Epidermis 45 µm thick, uniformly covered with cilia. Cilia 35 µm long. Rhabdoids absent. Mouth located at the second-quarter of the body. Ovaries paired, located in third-quarter of the body. Bursa or female accessory organs absent. Testes paired, located laterally approximately ~300 µm from the anterior end the body. Vas deferens more evident toward male copulatory organ, with clear sperm. Male copulatory organ small, ~20 µm long and ~25 µm deep in fixed specimens, spheroid. Present 55 µm from posterior end in living specimens. Penis present as a simple inpocketing of the epidermis, 9 µm long and projecting outward in fixed specimens. Male pore small, ~5 µm long, ciliated.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B863683FFEA4B09FF088BF0D88AFF76" blockId="9.[145,254,197,221]" box="[145,254,197,221]" pageId="9" pageNumber="745">
<emphasis id="B94DEA91FFEA4B09FF088BF0D88AFF76" box="[145,254,197,221]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="745">Remarks</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B863683FFEA4B09FF088BD8DA8EFC2C" blockId="9.[145,762,237,903]" pageId="9" pageNumber="745">
<taxonomicName id="4C394D00FFEA4B09FF088BD8D947FEA9" authorityName="Atherton &amp; Jondelius" authorityYear="2022" box="[145,307,237,258]" family="Isodiametridae" genus="Faerlea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acoela" pageId="9" pageNumber="745" phylum="Xenacoelomorpha" rank="species" species="tyleri">
<emphasis id="B94DEA91FFEA4B09FF088BD8D947FEA9" box="[145,307,237,258]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="745">Faerlea tyleri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is the first species of its genus to be documented from
<collectingRegion id="49FDF861FFEA4B09FEF38A39D9CBFE89" box="[362,447,268,290]" country="United States of America" name="Hawaii" pageId="9" pageNumber="745">Hawaii</collectingRegion>
or the Pacific. In general, the species fits well with the other known species of
<taxonomicName id="4C394D00FFEA4B09FF378A7CD971FEF5" authorityName="Westblad" authorityYear="1945" box="[174,261,329,350]" family="Isodiametridae" genus="Faerlea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acoela" pageId="9" pageNumber="745" phylum="Xenacoelomorpha" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94DEA91FFEA4B09FF378A7CD971FEF5" box="[174,261,329,350]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="745">Faerlea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName id="4C394D00FFEA4B09FE8D8A7CD9C6FEF5" authorityName="Atherton &amp; Jondelius" authorityYear="2022" box="[276,434,329,350]" family="Isodiametridae" genus="Faerlea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acoela" pageId="9" pageNumber="745" phylum="Xenacoelomorpha" rank="species" species="tyleri">
<emphasis id="B94DEA91FFEA4B09FE8D8A7CD9C6FEF5" box="[276,434,329,350]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="745">Faerlea tyleri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is fragile due to its heavily vacuolated parenchyma; the position of the testes is far toward the anterior; and the position and composition of the male copulatory organ is consistent with the other species. The species is most similar to
<taxonomicName id="4C394D00FFEA4B09FD128AF0DA8DFE72" authorityName="Westblad" authorityYear="1945" box="[651,761,452,474]" family="Isodiametridae" genus="Faerlea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acoela" pageId="9" pageNumber="745" phylum="Xenacoelomorpha" rank="species" species="fragilis">
<emphasis id="B94DEA91FFEA4B09FD128AF0DA8DFE72" box="[651,761,452,474]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="745">F. fragilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C394D00FFEA4B09FF5C8AD6D923FE53" authorityName="Westblad" authorityYear="1945" box="[197,343,483,504]" family="Isodiametridae" genus="Faerlea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acoela" pageId="9" pageNumber="745" phylum="Xenacoelomorpha" rank="species" species="glomerata">
<emphasis id="B94DEA91FFEA4B09FF5C8AD6D923FE53" box="[197,343,483,504]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="745">F. glomerata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in that it is non-parasitic and does not possess female accessory organs. However,
<taxonomicName id="4C394D00FFEA4B09FD3D8934D8BBFD9E" authorityName="Atherton &amp; Jondelius" authorityYear="2022" family="Isodiametridae" genus="Faerlea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acoela" pageId="9" pageNumber="745" phylum="Xenacoelomorpha" rank="species" species="tyleri">
<emphasis id="B94DEA91FFEA4B09FD3D8934D8BBFD9E" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="745">Faerlea tyleri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from either species in its general body shape, which is more strap-shaped with rounded anterior and posterior ends than either
<taxonomicName id="4C394D00FFEA4B09FDF1896BDAADFDD9" authorityName="Westblad" authorityYear="1945" box="[616,729,605,627]" family="Isodiametridae" genus="Faerlea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acoela" pageId="9" pageNumber="745" phylum="Xenacoelomorpha" rank="species" species="fragilis">
<emphasis id="B94DEA91FFEA4B09FDF1896BDAADFDD9" box="[616,729,605,627]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="745">F. fragilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
or
<taxonomicName id="4C394D00FFEA4B09FF088948D969FD3A" authorityName="Westblad" authorityYear="1945" box="[145,285,636,658]" family="Isodiametridae" genus="Faerlea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acoela" pageId="9" pageNumber="745" phylum="Xenacoelomorpha" rank="species" species="glomerata">
<emphasis id="B94DEA91FFEA4B09FF088948D969FD3A" box="[145,285,636,658]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="745">F. glomerata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and the small size of the male copulatory organ. Additionally,
<taxonomicName id="4C394D00FFEA4B09FEED89AEDA7EFD1B" authorityName="Atherton &amp; Jondelius" authorityYear="2022" box="[372,522,667,688]" family="Isodiametridae" genus="Faerlea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acoela" pageId="9" pageNumber="745" phylum="Xenacoelomorpha" rank="species" species="tyleri">
<emphasis id="B94DEA91FFEA4B09FEED89AEDA7EFD1B" box="[372,522,667,688]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="745">Faerlea tyleri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be distinguished from
<taxonomicName id="4C394D00FFEA4B09FF53898FD920FD65" authorityName="Westblad" authorityYear="1945" box="[202,340,697,719]" family="Isodiametridae" genus="Faerlea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acoela" pageId="9" pageNumber="745" phylum="Xenacoelomorpha" rank="species" species="glomerata">
<emphasis id="B94DEA91FFEA4B09FF53898FD920FD65" box="[202,340,697,719]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="745">F.glomerata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the size of the frontal organ, which, although well developed, is smaller in comparison, the more distinctly paired ovaries and wide separation between the ovaries and the male copulatory organ.
<taxonomicName id="4C394D00FFEA4B09FF088801D947FCE2" authorityName="Atherton &amp; Jondelius" authorityYear="2022" box="[145,307,820,841]" family="Isodiametridae" genus="Faerlea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acoela" pageId="9" pageNumber="745" phylum="Xenacoelomorpha" rank="species" species="tyleri">
<emphasis id="B94DEA91FFEA4B09FF088801D947FCE2" box="[145,307,820,841]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="745">Faerlea tyleri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be distinguished from
<taxonomicName id="4C394D00FFEA4B09FD1A8800DA8DFCE2" authorityName="Westblad" authorityYear="1945" box="[643,761,820,842]" family="Isodiametridae" genus="Faerlea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acoela" pageId="9" pageNumber="745" phylum="Xenacoelomorpha" rank="species" species="fragilis">
<emphasis id="B94DEA91FFEA4B09FD1A8800DA8DFCE2" box="[643,761,820,842]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="745">F. fragilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the relatively few vacuoles and the position of the ovaries, which begin further toward the posterior end.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>