372 lines
53 KiB
XML
372 lines
53 KiB
XML
<document id="8673E31736B580D774220E3D696B9111" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.1127.1.1" ID-ISSN="11755334" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5057828" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1625188528868" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Samaai, Toufiek, Gibbons, Mark J. & Kelly, Michelle" docDate="2006" docId="038D1B08136EFF8AFED7FB323272FDFC" docLanguage="en" docName="zt01127p071.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1127 (1)" docSource="https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.1127.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:8B0D3ECF822058C8413568C103B59429.6:Zootaxa.2001-2006.monograph" docStyleId="8B0D3ECF822058C8413568C103B59429" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2001-2006.monograph" docStyleVersion="6" docTitle="Latrunculia (Biannulata) citharistae Vacelet, C 1969" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="52" masterDocId="FFB46370135EFFB9FFDFFFBE3668F90A" masterDocTitle="Revision of the genus Latrunculia du Bocage, 1869 Porifera: Demospongiae: Latrunculiidae) with descriptions of new species from New Caledonia and the Northeastern Pacific (" masterLastPageNumber="71" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="49" updateTime="1698982629527" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
|
||
<mods:mods id="E69AF6C37DC4BF76E5FC4C6BA65EF225" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="AB2B2DC217BB68DAB3E01BDD58150426">
|
||
<mods:title id="36ED4A4C4F56746EB9236D6CBCBD1040">Revision of the genus Latrunculia du Bocage, 1869 Porifera: Demospongiae: Latrunculiidae) with descriptions of new species from New Caledonia and the Northeastern Pacific (</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name id="BA8981BC389F521EBCBFD76BE933ED05" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="AE3BD41AB21DAD313577DC9EDD69E40D">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="828E16C312485B678068BADE4037F08A">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="37A26BE0E4E53CE1681A154385CD929F">Samaai, Toufiek</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="31CC96B4351511ADB58AA806B14E7744" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="F18EDB03E23F520687D0166FB73E8110">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="4C47DC146729E6905A4BCD7CC3C9523F">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="620D3E104BD9363BF486E8184D1654AF">Gibbons, Mark J.</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="D489A2BE34155F82FA2EFC0AE72060CF" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="B1DEF8E01DAB9B2974DAB90343D990A6">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="1DE3FBB2EAC5B6C77C734D62A7828062">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="03342E52C5F84DB6168B96985E793A33">Kelly, Michelle</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource id="FCEF950846D5E7297FE13D4B6EFF4F4F">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem id="3923ECBA7F24688C56E7FF99D6A12C5C" type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="4B36270A42255B79890E962320468BB2">
|
||
<mods:title id="C4D07FE2085B5ED27824D2BA051F0424">Zootaxa</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part id="F318976DCBD8BAD28811D1D317EE1743">
|
||
<mods:date id="4D4999C01A0E783228B35A272F5DCE4E">2006</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail id="F8E3A3B6618F8A9F7AB4D01C6163E93D" type="pubDate">
|
||
<mods:number id="471642C333449727E18974DFE6EFDF9D">2006-02-14</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="361723B9C80C9F64300C034B2C557736" type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number id="D07EC2CB9CC16280A04F1F01A8338098">1127</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="BBEB3545601C955072947456CFCA5E14" type="issue">
|
||
<mods:number id="677FF3C4BEFA2B39E29BD9F4A50A55D3">1</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent id="11FBE1ECD4E0C98C1DAD3F56E7BC53ED" unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start id="4E7BAEE127E7278C0708B578E89EADC2">1</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end id="C6310FF8205A8D55E39F69695A4CABFE">71</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:location id="B4964580DDA1DC497950FA9641451D03">
|
||
<mods:url id="02DFCF7B23618BD1C90430F75188F59B">https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.1127.1.1</mods:url>
|
||
</mods:location>
|
||
<mods:classification id="F6CC36B1DAD8CD764E54B97C9D6D1239">journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="200A54874DDC9BB79AAE395C76CD7F28" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.1127.1.1</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="8EBB9260D218CF283518BB32C8A54A65" type="ISSN">11755334</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="64F22F8F145475A6E2FE32F3FCB0C613" type="Zenodo-Dep">5057828</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="841DBB1F94EE8FB3E1B8983FB5B64EBF" type="ZooBank">E3B8BACE-1E5B-4E07-AB94-A4947F966483</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment id="038D1B08136EFF8AFED7FB323272FDFC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038D1B08136EFF8AFED7FB323272FDFC" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038D1B08136EFF8AFED7FB323272FDFC" lastPageId="51" lastPageNumber="52" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33EF995136EFF89FED7FB323504FDAC" box="[264,876,1164,1190]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9BAA1E136EFF89FED7FB323504FDAC" blockId="48.[264,876,1164,1225]" box="[264,876,1164,1190]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<heading id="D0D31D72136EFF89FED7FB323504FDAC" bold="true" box="[264,876,1164,1190]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" reason="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C24D19D136EFF89FED7FB323504FDAC" ID-CoL="3SLXN" authority="Vacelet, 1969" authorityName="Vacelet, C" authorityYear="1969" box="[264,876,1164,1190]" class="Demospongiae" family="Latrunculiidae" genus="Latrunculia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="citharistae" subGenus="Biannulata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B950760C136EFF89FED7FB323504FDAC" bold="true" box="[264,876,1164,1190]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<emphasis id="B950760C136EFF89FED7FB3237F1FDAC" bold="true" box="[264,409,1164,1190]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Latrunculia</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B950760C136EFF89FE75FB32345AFDAC" bold="true" box="[426,562,1164,1190]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Biannulata</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B950760C136EFF89FD9BFB3234ABFDAC" bold="true" box="[580,707,1164,1190]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">citharistae</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB5D7EF136EFF89FD15FB323504FDAC" author="Vacelet, J." box="[714,876,1164,1190]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="145 - 219" refId="ref37135" refString="Vacelet, J. (1969) Eponges de la Roche du Large et de l'etage bathyal de Mediterranee (recoltes de la Soucoupe plongeante Cousteau et gragages). Memoires du Museum national d'Histoire Naturelle (A, Zoologie), 59 (2), 145 - 219." type="journal article" year="1969">Vacelet, 1969</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33EF995136EFF89FED7FB1134F6FDC3" box="[264,670,1199,1225]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9BAA1E136EFF89FED7FB1134F6FDC3" blockId="48.[264,876,1164,1225]" box="[264,670,1199,1225]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="131FB69B136EFF89FECFFB113719FDC3" box="[272,369,1199,1225]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="10.[264,367,283,307]" captionText="FIGURE 1. Scanning electron micrographs or drawings comparing discorhabd microscleres of Latrunculia spp: A, Latrunculia cratera du Bocage, 1869 (REPRODUCED FROM DU BOCAGE 1869); B. Latrunculia bocagei Ridley and Dendy 1886; C, L. apicalis Ridley and Dendy 1886; D, L. biformis Kirkpatrick 1908; E, L. basilis Kirkpatrick 1908; F, L. brevis Ridley and Dendy 1886; G. Latrunculia palmata Lévi 1964 (REPRODUCED FROM LéVI 1964); H. Latrunculia multirotalis Topsent 1905 (REPRODUCED FROM TOPSENT 1905); I. Latrunculia crenulata Lévi 1993 (REPRODUCED FROM LéVI 1993); J. Latrunculia ikematsui Tanita 1968; K. Latrunculia oxydiscorhabda Alvarez et al. 2002; L. Latrunculia triverticillata Alvarez et al. 2002; M. Latrunculia fiordensis Alvarez et al. 2002 (REPRODUCED FROM ALVAREZ et al. 2002); N. Latrunculia novaecaledoniae sp. nov.; O. Latrunculia austini sp. nov (SEM IMAGES FROM BILL AUSTIN); P. Latrunculia spinispiraefera Brøndsted, 1924 (REPRODUCED FROM BRøNDSTED 1924); Q. Latrunculia citharistae Vacelet 1969; R. Latrunculia purpurea Carter 1881; S. Latrunculia oparinae Samaai and Krasokhin 2002; T. Latrunculia lunaviridis Samaai and Kelly 2003." pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Figs 1Q</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="131FB69B136EFF89FEA1FB1137C9FDC3" box="[382,417,1199,1225]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="39.[264,367,1581,1605]" captionTargetBox="[268,1318,291,1563]" captionTargetId="figure-89@39.[268,1318,291,1580]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="FIGURE 5. Photomicrographs of choanosomal architectures: A. Latrunculia ikematsui Tanita 1968; B. Latrunculia oxydiscorhabda Alvarez et al. 2002; C. Latrunculia triverticillata Alvarez et al. 2002; D. Latrunculia austini sp. nov.; E. Latrunculia citharistae Vacelet 1969; F. Latrunculia purpurea Carter 1881." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5057834" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5057834/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">5E</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="131FB69B136EFF89FE72FB1137D6FDC3" box="[429,446,1199,1225]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="46.[264,367,1650,1674]" captionTargetBox="[308,1246,1097,1601]" captionTargetId="figure-335@46.[308,1260,1092,1621]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="FIGURE 7. Worldwide distributions of Latrunculia (Biannulata) species. Distributions of A) Latrunculia spinispiraefera Brøndsted, B) Latrunculia citharistae Vacelet, C) Latrunculia purpurea Carter, D) Latrunculia oparinae Samaai and Krasokhin; E) Latrunculia lunaviridis Samaai and Kelly; F) Latrunculia microacanthoxea Samaai and Kelly; G) Latrunculia kaakaariki Alvarez et al.; H) Latrunculia duckworthi Alvarez et al.; I) Latrunculia procumbens Alvarez et al.; J) Latrunculia wellingtonensis Alvarez et al., 2002; K) Latrunculia kaikoura Alvarez et al.; L) Latrunculia millerae Alvarez et al.; M). Latrunculia austini sp. nov." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5057836" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5057836/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">7</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="131FB69B136EFF89FE15FB113799FDC3" box="[458,497,1199,1225]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="49.[264,367,1483,1507]" captionText="FIGURE 8. Gross morphology of Latrunculia spp: A. Latrunculia citharistae Vacelet 1969; Latrunculia purpurea Carter 1881; C. Latrunculia oparinae Samaai and Krasokhin 2002 (REPRODUCED FROM SAMAAI AND KRASOKHIN 2002); D. Latrunculia lunaviridis Samaai and Kelly 2003 (REPRODUCED FROM SAMAAI AND KELLY 2003); E. Latrunculia microacanthoxea Samaai and Kelly 2003 (REPRODUCED FROM SAMAAI AND KELLY 2003); F. Latrunculia duckworthi Alvarez et al. 2002 (REPRODUCED FROM ALVAREZ et al. 2002); G. Latrunculia kaakaariki Alvarez et al. 2002 (REPRODUCED FROM ALVAREZ et al. 2002); H. Latrunculia procumbens Alvarez et al. 2002 (REPRODUCED FROM ALVAREZ et al. 2002); I. Latrunculia wellingtonensis Alvarez et al. 2002 (REPRODUCED FROM ALVAREZ et al. 2002)" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">8A</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6A69FA5136EFF89FE21FB113408FDC3" box="[510,608,1199,1225]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="21.[264,352,283,307]" captionText="TABLE 2: Review of Latrunculia species worldwide, including material examined and new additions from recent collections and museum material. NE = Material not examined, dispersed in various collections worldwide." pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Tables 2</tableCitation>
|
||
&
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6A69FA5136EFF89FD5AFB1134FCFDC3" box="[645,660,1199,1225]" captionStart="TABLE 3" captionStartId="26.[264,352,723,747]" captionText="TABLE 3: Spicule dimensions of four morphometric variables measured in species of Latrunculia. Measurements in micrometers are ranges of 20 spicules with ranges in parentheses." pageId="48" pageNumber="49">3</tableCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33EF995136EFF89FED7FB4434A5FC1A" box="[264,717,1273,1297]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9BAA1E136EFF89FED7FB4434A5FC1A" blockId="48.[264,717,1273,1297]" box="[264,717,1273,1297]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB348D30136EFF89FED7FB4434A5FC1A" box="[264,717,1273,1297]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A858C0F136EFF89FED7FB4434A5FC1A" author="Vacelet, J." box="[264,717,1273,1297]" page="195" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" year="1969">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C24D19D136EFF89FED7FB4434A5FC1A" ID-CoL="3SLXN" authority="Vacelet, 1969: 195" authorityName="Vacelet, C" authorityPageNumber="195" authorityYear="1969" box="[264,717,1273,1297]" class="Demospongiae" family="Latrunculiidae" genus="Latrunculia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="citharistae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B950760C136EFF89FED7FB443796FC1B" box="[264,510,1274,1297]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Latrunculia citharistae</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB5D7EF136EFF89FDDAFB4734A5FC1A" author="Vacelet, J." box="[517,717,1273,1296]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="145 - 219" refId="ref37135" refString="Vacelet, J. (1969) Eponges de la Roche du Large et de l'etage bathyal de Mediterranee (recoltes de la Soucoupe plongeante Cousteau et gragages). Memoires du Museum national d'Histoire Naturelle (A, Zoologie), 59 (2), 145 - 219." type="journal article" year="1969">Vacelet, 1969: 195</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33EF995136EFF89FED7FAFF3370FF12" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9BAA1E136EFF89FED7FAFF336CFC50" blockId="48.[264,1325,1345,1881]" box="[264,1284,1345,1371]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<emphasis id="B950760C136EFF89FED7FAFF379AFC51" bold="true" box="[264,498,1345,1371]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<typeStatus id="549F14BC136EFF89FED7FAFF3712FC51" box="[264,378,1345,1371]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
material.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<typeStatus id="549F14BC136EFF89FE25FAFD3435FC50" box="[506,605,1347,1370]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
MNHNJV6814
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C24D19D136EFF89FCF8FAFD3297FC50" authority="(Vacelet, 1969: 195)" baseAuthorityName="Vacelet" baseAuthorityPageNumber="195" baseAuthorityYear="1969" box="[807,1279,1347,1370]" class="Demospongiae" family="Latrunculiidae" genus="Latrunculia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="citharistae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B950760C136EFF89FCF8FAFD3275FC50" box="[807,1053,1347,1370]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Latrunculia citharistae</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB5D7EF136EFF89FBF4FAFD329FFC50" author="Vacelet, J." box="[1067,1271,1347,1370]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="145 - 219" refId="ref37135" refString="Vacelet, J. (1969) Eponges de la Roche du Large et de l'etage bathyal de Mediterranee (recoltes de la Soucoupe plongeante Cousteau et gragages). Memoires du Museum national d'Histoire Naturelle (A, Zoologie), 59 (2), 145 - 219." type="journal article" year="1969">Vacelet, 1969: 195</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9BAA1E136EFF89FEE8FAD73370FF12" blockId="48.[264,1325,1345,1881]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<emphasis id="B950760C136EFF89FEE8FAD734EBFC89" bold="true" box="[311,643,1385,1411]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Other material examined.</emphasis>
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED3532DB136EFF89FD45FAD53482FC88" box="[666,746,1387,1410]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/9iye-t14j" name="Harbor Branch Oceanographic Museum" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">HBOM</collectionCode>
|
||
10VI914007 (cross ref. TS 44), Canary Islands, Hierro; S.
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E064FC136EFF89FEA8FA2F37DEFCA2" box="[375,438,1425,1448]" country="New Zealand" name="West Coast" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Coast</collectingRegion>
|
||
, 3.75
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED3532DB136EFF89FE2AFA2F3441FCA2" box="[501,553,1425,1448]" country="Poland" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/s9ds-6ng7" name="Bacteria collection of National Institute of Public Health, National Medicines Institute, Poland" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">NMI</collectionCode>
|
||
120 DEG to Puerto Naos, depth
|
||
<quantity id="4CDC07FB136EFF89FC59FA2F35A3FCA2" box="[902,971,1425,1448]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.47" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" unit="m" value="147.0">147 m</quantity>
|
||
, collected by
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED3532DB136EFF89FB82FA2F32C9FCA2" box="[1117,1185,1425,1448]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">HBOI</collectionCode>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED3532DB136EFF89FB6EFA2F3369FCA2" box="[1201,1281,1425,1448]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/9iye-t14j" name="Harbor Branch Oceanographic Museum" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">HBOM</collectionCode>
|
||
13 VI914012 (TS 45), Canary Islands, Tenerife; W. coast, 2.03
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED3532DB136EFF89FC43FA0835B9FCC7" box="[924,977,1462,1485]" country="Poland" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/s9ds-6ng7" name="Bacteria collection of National Institute of Public Health, National Medicines Institute, Poland" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">NMI</collectionCode>
|
||
120 Deg to
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E064FC136EFF89FB8BFA0832DEFCC7" box="[1108,1206,1462,1485]" country="Philippines" name="San Juan" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">San Juan</collectingRegion>
|
||
, depth 477 fathoms, collected by
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED3532DB136EFF89FE2CFA623450FCF9" box="[499,568,1500,1523]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">HBOI</collectionCode>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED3532DB136EFF89FD97FA6234F0FCF9" box="[584,664,1500,1523]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/9iye-t14j" name="Harbor Branch Oceanographic Museum" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">HBOM</collectionCode>
|
||
2VI914007 (Ts 42), Ilheus Selvagem, Selvagem Penuena; S. coast, 1.32
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED3532DB136EFF89FE42F9BF37B9FF12" box="[413,465,1537,1560]" country="Poland" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/s9ds-6ng7" name="Bacteria collection of National Institute of Public Health, National Medicines Institute, Poland" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">NMI</collectionCode>
|
||
350 Deg to Pt
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E064FC136EFF89FDADF9BF34F0FF12" box="[626,664,1537,1560]" country="South Korea" name="Seoul" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Sul</collectingRegion>
|
||
, de Ilheu, depth
|
||
<quantity id="4CDC07FB136EFF89FC97F9BF35E6FF12" box="[840,910,1537,1560]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.32" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" unit="m" value="232.0">232 m</quantity>
|
||
, collected by Harbour Branch, 1996.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33EF995136EFF88FEE7F998321DFDFC" lastPageId="49" lastPageNumber="50" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9BAA1E136EFF88FEE7F9983281F854" blockId="48.[264,1325,1345,1881]" lastBlockId="49.[264,1324,284,1270]" lastPageId="49" lastPageNumber="50" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<emphasis id="B950760C136EFF89FEE7F99837B8FF4A" bold="true" box="[312,464,1574,1600]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
Massive, spherical, 5 x 4 x
|
||
<quantity id="4CDC07FB136EFF89FCC3F999353EFF4B" box="[796,854,1575,1601]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" unit="cm" value="3.0">3 cm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter. Other specimens are small, semispherical, sponges up to
|
||
<quantity id="4CDC07FB136EFF89FDB2F9F134C2FF63" box="[621,682,1615,1641]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" unit="cm" value="2.0">2 cm</quantity>
|
||
high and
|
||
<quantity id="4CDC07FB136EFF89FCF8F9F1350CFF63" box="[807,868,1615,1641]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" unit="cm" value="2.0">2 cm</quantity>
|
||
wide (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131FB69B136EFF89FC65F9F13273FF63" box="[954,1051,1615,1641]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="49.[264,367,1483,1507]" captionText="FIGURE 8. Gross morphology of Latrunculia spp: A. Latrunculia citharistae Vacelet 1969; Latrunculia purpurea Carter 1881; C. Latrunculia oparinae Samaai and Krasokhin 2002 (REPRODUCED FROM SAMAAI AND KRASOKHIN 2002); D. Latrunculia lunaviridis Samaai and Kelly 2003 (REPRODUCED FROM SAMAAI AND KELLY 2003); E. Latrunculia microacanthoxea Samaai and Kelly 2003 (REPRODUCED FROM SAMAAI AND KELLY 2003); F. Latrunculia duckworthi Alvarez et al. 2002 (REPRODUCED FROM ALVAREZ et al. 2002); G. Latrunculia kaakaariki Alvarez et al. 2002 (REPRODUCED FROM ALVAREZ et al. 2002); H. Latrunculia procumbens Alvarez et al. 2002 (REPRODUCED FROM ALVAREZ et al. 2002); I. Latrunculia wellingtonensis Alvarez et al. 2002 (REPRODUCED FROM ALVAREZ et al. 2002)" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Fig. 8A</figureCitation>
|
||
). Surface smooth with numerous cylindricalshaped oscules; some at the apex larger than the rest,
|
||
<quantity id="4CDC07FB136EFF89FBA8F9C932D1FF9B" box="[1143,1209,1655,1681]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide and
|
||
<quantity id="4CDC07FB136EFF89FED7F9213725FFB3" box="[264,333,1695,1721]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" unit="mm" value="4.0">4 mm</quantity>
|
||
high. The remainder is volcanoshaped mammiform processes, each with a distinct small opening at the top,
|
||
<quantity id="4CDC07FB136EFF89FDE1F97934EDFFEB" box="[574,645,1735,1761]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
|
||
high,
|
||
<quantity id="4CDC07FB136EFF89FD0BF9793558FFEB" box="[724,816,1735,1761]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" unit="mm" value="0.1">0.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide. Ectosome thin and easily separable from underlying choanosome. Texture firm, resilient, soft but leathery. Colour in life is dark green; colour in preservative, choanosome dark brown and ectosome light brown (from
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB5D7EF136EFF89FE8AF8813793FE53" author="Vacelet, J." box="[341,507,1855,1881]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="145 - 219" refId="ref37135" refString="Vacelet, J. (1969) Eponges de la Roche du Large et de l'etage bathyal de Mediterranee (recoltes de la Soucoupe plongeante Cousteau et gragages). Memoires du Museum national d'Histoire Naturelle (A, Zoologie), 59 (2), 145 - 219." type="journal article" year="1969">Vacelet, 1969</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB5D7EF136EFF89FDCDF88134A8FE53" author="Vacelet, J." box="[530,704,1855,1881]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="145 - 219" refId="ref37135" refString="Vacelet, J. (1969) Eponges de la Roche du Large et de l'etage bathyal de Mediterranee (recoltes de la Soucoupe plongeante Cousteau et gragages). Memoires du Museum national d'Histoire Naturelle (A, Zoologie), 59 (2), 145 - 219." type="journal article" year="1969">Vacelet (1969)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described the fresh
|
||
<typeStatus id="549F14BC136EFF89FC67F8813276FE53" box="[952,1054,1855,1881]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
to have a dark brown colour and also possessing osculae and mammiform areolate porefields. Additionally,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB5D7EF136FFF88FED7FEFA37DBF854" author="Vacelet, J." box="[264,435,324,350]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="145 - 219" refId="ref37135" refString="Vacelet, J. (1969) Eponges de la Roche du Large et de l'etage bathyal de Mediterranee (recoltes de la Soucoupe plongeante Cousteau et gragages). Memoires du Museum national d'Histoire Naturelle (A, Zoologie), 59 (2), 145 - 219." type="journal article" year="1969">Vacelet (1969)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
noted that the
|
||
<typeStatus id="549F14BC136FFF88FDBEFEFA34A0F854" box="[609,712,324,350]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
contained reddish embryos,
|
||
<quantity id="4CDC07FB136FFF88FBC5FEFA321CF854" box="[1050,1140,324,350]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" unit="mm" value="500.0">500 µm</quantity>
|
||
diameter.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9BAA1E136FFF88FEE7FED535E8FB94" blockId="49.[264,1324,284,1270]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<emphasis id="B950760C136FFF88FEE7FED537C2F88F" bold="true" box="[312,426,363,389]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Skeleton.</emphasis>
|
||
The choanosomal skeleton consists of a loose, illdefined irregular polygonalmeshed reticulation formed by wispy tracts of styles, with no distinction between the primary and secondary tracts (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131FB69B136FFF88FCDDFE023535F8DC" box="[770,861,444,470]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="39.[264,367,1581,1605]" captionTargetBox="[268,1318,291,1563]" captionTargetId="figure-89@39.[268,1318,291,1580]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="FIGURE 5. Photomicrographs of choanosomal architectures: A. Latrunculia ikematsui Tanita 1968; B. Latrunculia oxydiscorhabda Alvarez et al. 2002; C. Latrunculia triverticillata Alvarez et al. 2002; D. Latrunculia austini sp. nov.; E. Latrunculia citharistae Vacelet 1969; F. Latrunculia purpurea Carter 1881." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5057834" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5057834/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Fig. 5E</figureCitation>
|
||
). The tracts range in width from
|
||
<quantity id="4CDC07FB136FFF88FB3EFE023758F8F4" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.75" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="4.5" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" unit="m" value="47.5" valueMax="50.0" valueMin="45.0">45–50 m</quantity>
|
||
in thickness, and may form meshes that are
|
||
<quantity id="4CDC07FB136FFF88FC88FE5A35DDF8F4" box="[855,949,484,510]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" unit="m" value="200.0">200 m</quantity>
|
||
wide. Towards the surface the tracts become more vertically arranged. Interstitial spicules absent in choanosome. The surface of the ectosome is lined with an erect layer of noninterlocking anisodiscorhabds. Beneath the discorhabds in the ectosome is a thin tangentialparatangential layer of interlocking megascleres, approximately
|
||
<quantity id="4CDC07FB136FFF88FD33FD3A3550FB94" box="[748,824,644,670]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" unit="m" value="75.0">75 m</quantity>
|
||
wide.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9BAA1E136FFF88FEE7FD1235CCFD5C" blockId="49.[264,1324,284,1270]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<emphasis id="B950760C136FFF88FEE7FD1237CDFBCC" bold="true" box="[312,421,684,710]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Spicules.</emphasis>
|
||
Megascleres: styles are smooth, thin, centrally thickest, hastately pointed with a slight sinuous curve, 356 (345–382) x 5 (5) m, n=20;
|
||
<typeStatus id="549F14BC136FFF88FC21FD6A3203FBE4" box="[1022,1131,724,750]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
310–460 x
|
||
<quantity id="4CDC07FB136FFF88FB21FD6A375BFA1C" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" unit="m" value="5.0" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="4.0">4–6 m</quantity>
|
||
. Microscleres (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131FB69B136FFF88FE39FD42342BFA1C" box="[486,579,764,790]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="10.[264,367,283,307]" captionText="FIGURE 1. Scanning electron micrographs or drawings comparing discorhabd microscleres of Latrunculia spp: A, Latrunculia cratera du Bocage, 1869 (REPRODUCED FROM DU BOCAGE 1869); B. Latrunculia bocagei Ridley and Dendy 1886; C, L. apicalis Ridley and Dendy 1886; D, L. biformis Kirkpatrick 1908; E, L. basilis Kirkpatrick 1908; F, L. brevis Ridley and Dendy 1886; G. Latrunculia palmata Lévi 1964 (REPRODUCED FROM LéVI 1964); H. Latrunculia multirotalis Topsent 1905 (REPRODUCED FROM TOPSENT 1905); I. Latrunculia crenulata Lévi 1993 (REPRODUCED FROM LéVI 1993); J. Latrunculia ikematsui Tanita 1968; K. Latrunculia oxydiscorhabda Alvarez et al. 2002; L. Latrunculia triverticillata Alvarez et al. 2002; M. Latrunculia fiordensis Alvarez et al. 2002 (REPRODUCED FROM ALVAREZ et al. 2002); N. Latrunculia novaecaledoniae sp. nov.; O. Latrunculia austini sp. nov (SEM IMAGES FROM BILL AUSTIN); P. Latrunculia spinispiraefera Brøndsted, 1924 (REPRODUCED FROM BRøNDSTED 1924); Q. Latrunculia citharistae Vacelet 1969; R. Latrunculia purpurea Carter 1881; S. Latrunculia oparinae Samaai and Krasokhin 2002; T. Latrunculia lunaviridis Samaai and Kelly 2003." pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Fig. 1Q</figureCitation>
|
||
): anisodiscorhabds, possessing identical median and subsidiary whorls symmetrically arranged around the shaft. The manubrium is a minute spinose base consisting of two or three whorls of spines, followed immediately by a smooth slender cylindrical shaft
|
||
<quantity id="4CDC07FB136FFF88FE0AFCCA344EFA84" box="[469,550,884,910]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" unit="m" value="12.0">12 m</quantity>
|
||
long and
|
||
<quantity id="4CDC07FB136FFF88FD78FCCA3497FA84" box="[679,767,884,910]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" unit="m" value="2.3">2.3 m</quantity>
|
||
wide. The median and subsidiary whorls are circular, flat, slanted slightly in opposite directions and similar in diameter,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D226197136FFF88FB50FC22328FFABC" box="[1167,1255,924,950]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="generic">
|
||
<quantity id="4CDC07FB136FFF88FB50FC22328BFABC" box="[1167,1251,924,950]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" unit="m" value="19.0">19 m</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
Each whorl is deeply notched and composed of eight spines, divided amongst three groups, which give three sets for each of them. The spines of the apical whorl are slanted slightly upwards, and divided, ending in a crownlike tuft of dichotomous spines. Acanthodiscorhabd length, 45 (41–48) x 5 (5) m, n=20.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9BAA1E136FFF88FEE7FBDA3226FDC4" blockId="49.[264,1324,284,1270]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<emphasis id="B950760C136FFF88FEE7FBDA3570FD74" bold="true" box="[312,792,1124,1150]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Substratum, depth range and ecology.</emphasis>
|
||
Stalk of sea whip; dredge from slope/ rock rubble seems to very common; Specimen HBOM 2VI914007 was dredged from mud slopes and was associated with other sponges. Depth range:
|
||
<quantity id="4CDC07FB136FFF88FC16FB0A3226FDC4" box="[969,1102,1204,1230]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.895" metricValueMax="2.32" metricValueMin="1.47" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" unit="m" value="189.5" valueMax="232.0" valueMin="147.0">147–232 m</quantity>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9BAA1E136FFF88FEE7FB62321DFDFC" blockId="49.[264,1324,284,1270]" box="[312,1141,1244,1270]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<emphasis id="B950760C136FFF88FEE7FB62340DFDFC" bold="true" box="[312,613,1244,1270]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Geographic distribution</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="131FB69B136FFF88FDA9FB6234D3FDFC" box="[630,699,1244,1270]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="46.[264,367,1650,1674]" captionTargetBox="[308,1246,1097,1601]" captionTargetId="figure-335@46.[308,1260,1092,1621]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="FIGURE 7. Worldwide distributions of Latrunculia (Biannulata) species. Distributions of A) Latrunculia spinispiraefera Brøndsted, B) Latrunculia citharistae Vacelet, C) Latrunculia purpurea Carter, D) Latrunculia oparinae Samaai and Krasokhin; E) Latrunculia lunaviridis Samaai and Kelly; F) Latrunculia microacanthoxea Samaai and Kelly; G) Latrunculia kaakaariki Alvarez et al.; H) Latrunculia duckworthi Alvarez et al.; I) Latrunculia procumbens Alvarez et al.; J) Latrunculia wellingtonensis Alvarez et al., 2002; K) Latrunculia kaikoura Alvarez et al.; L) Latrunculia millerae Alvarez et al.; M). Latrunculia austini sp. nov." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5057836" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5057836/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
). Canary Islands, Mediterranean Sea.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF5BFA96136FFF88FED7FA7534B9FFF2" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" startId="49.[264,367,1483,1507]">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9BAA1E136FFF88FED7FA7534B9FFF2" blockId="49.[264,1322,1483,1785]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<emphasis id="B950760C136FFF88FED7FA7537F9FCE9" bold="true" box="[264,401,1483,1507]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">FIGURE 8.</emphasis>
|
||
Gross morphology of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C24D19D136FFF88FD43FA723538FCE9" box="[668,848,1484,1507]" class="Demospongiae" family="Latrunculiidae" genus="Latrunculia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B950760C136FFF88FD43FA723572FCE9" box="[668,794,1484,1507]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Latrunculia</emphasis>
|
||
spp
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: A.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C24D19D136FFF88FC57FA72334EFCE9" authority="Vacelet 1969" authorityName="Vacelet, C" authorityYear="1969" box="[904,1318,1484,1507]" class="Demospongiae" family="Latrunculiidae" genus="Latrunculia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="citharistae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B950760C136FFF88FC57FA7232EDFCE9" box="[904,1157,1484,1507]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Latrunculia citharistae</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB5D7EF136FFF88FB4DFA72334EFCE9" author="Vacelet, J." box="[1170,1318,1484,1507]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="145 - 219" refId="ref37135" refString="Vacelet, J. (1969) Eponges de la Roche du Large et de l'etage bathyal de Mediterranee (recoltes de la Soucoupe plongeante Cousteau et gragages). Memoires du Museum national d'Histoire Naturelle (A, Zoologie), 59 (2), 145 - 219." type="journal article" year="1969">Vacelet 1969</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C24D19D136FFF88FED7FA5134F2FF0F" authority="Carter 1881" authorityName="Carter, Carter" authorityYear="1881" box="[264,666,1518,1542]" class="Demospongiae" family="Latrunculiidae" genus="Latrunculia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="purpurea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B950760C136FFF88FED7FA513792FF0C" box="[264,506,1519,1542]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Latrunculia purpurea</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB5D7EF136FFF88FDD3FA5034F2FF0F" author="Carter, H. J." box="[524,666,1518,1541]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="241 - 259" refId="ref35311" refString="Carter, H. J. (1881) Contribution to our knowledge of the Spongida. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, (5) 8, 101 - 112, 118 - 120, 241 - 259, pl. 9." type="journal article" year="1881">Carter 1881</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; C.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C24D19D136FFF88FD05FA513342FF0F" authority="Samaai and Krasokhin 2002" authorityName="Samaai and Krasokhin" authorityYear="2002" box="[730,1322,1518,1542]" class="Demospongiae" family="Latrunculiidae" genus="Latrunculia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="oparinae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B950760C136FFF88FD05FA5135A1FF0C" box="[730,969,1519,1542]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Latrunculia oparinae</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB5D7EF136FFF88FC03FA503342FF0F" author="Samaai, T. & Krasokhin, V." box="[988,1322,1518,1541]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="95 - 101" refId="ref36641" refString="Samaai, T. & Krasokhin, V. (2002) Latrunculia oparinae sp. nov. (Demospongiae, Poecilosclerida, Latrunculiidae) From The Kurile Islands, Sea of Okhotsk, Russia. Beaufortia, 52 (8), 95 - 101." type="journal article" year="2002">Samaai and Krasokhin 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(REPRODUCED FROM SAMAAI AND KRASOKHIN 2002); D.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C24D19D136FFF88FCB0F9AC3755FF41" authority="Samaai and Kelly 2003" authorityName="Samaai and Kelly" authorityYear="2003" class="Demospongiae" family="Latrunculiidae" genus="Latrunculia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="lunaviridis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B950760C136FFF88FCB0F9AC320FFF23" box="[879,1127,1554,1577]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Latrunculia lunaviridis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB5D7EF136FFF88FBB2F9AF3755FF41" author="Samaai, T. & Gibbons, M. J. & Kelly, M & Davies-Coleman, M." pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="1 - 26" refId="ref36688" refString="Samaai, T., Gibbons, M. J., Kelly, M & Davies-Coleman, M. (2003) South African Latrunculiidae (Porifera: Demospongiae: Poecilosclerida): descriptions of new species of Latrunculia du Bocage, Strongylodesma Levi, and Tsitsikamma Samaai & Kelly. Zootaxa, 371, 1 - 26" type="journal article" year="2003">Samaai and Kelly 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(REPRODUCED FROM SAMAAI AND KELLY 2003); E.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C24D19D136FFF88FCB2F98A3717FF67" authority="Samaai and Kelly 2003" authorityName="Samaai and Kelly" authorityYear="2003" class="Demospongiae" family="Latrunculiidae" genus="Latrunculia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="microacanthoxea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B950760C136FFF88FCB2F98A32C2FF41" box="[877,1194,1588,1611]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Latrunculia microacanthoxea</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB5D7EF136FFF88FB70F98A3717FF67" author="Samaai, T. & Gibbons, M. J. & Kelly, M & Davies-Coleman, M." pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="1 - 26" refId="ref36688" refString="Samaai, T., Gibbons, M. J., Kelly, M & Davies-Coleman, M. (2003) South African Latrunculiidae (Porifera: Demospongiae: Poecilosclerida): descriptions of new species of Latrunculia du Bocage, Strongylodesma Levi, and Tsitsikamma Samaai & Kelly. Zootaxa, 371, 1 - 26" type="journal article" year="2003">Samaai and Kelly 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(REPRODUCED FROM SAMAAI AND KELLY 2003); F.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C24D19D136FFF88FC68F9E93708FF9A" authority="Alvarez et al. 2002" authorityName="Alvarez" authorityYear="2002" class="Demospongiae" family="Latrunculiidae" genus="Latrunculia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="duckworthi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B950760C136FFF88FC68F9E932DCFF64" box="[951,1204,1623,1646]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Latrunculia duckworthi</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB5D7EF136FFF88FB64F9E83708FF9A" author="Alvarez, B. & Bergquist P. R. & Battershill C. N." pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="151 - 184" refId="ref34711" refString="Alvarez, B., Bergquist P. R. & Battershill C. N. (2002) Taxonomic revision of the genus Latrunculia du Bocage (Porifera: Demospongiae: Latrunculiidae) in New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research, 36, 151 - 184." type="journal article" year="2002">
|
||
Alvarez
|
||
<emphasis id="B950760C136FFF88FAC8F9E93775FF9B" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2002
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(REPRODUCED FROM
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB5D7EF136FFF88FD96F9C73546FF9A" author="Alvarez, B. & Bergquist P. R. & Battershill C. N." box="[585,814,1657,1681]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="151 - 184" refId="ref34711" refString="Alvarez, B., Bergquist P. R. & Battershill C. N. (2002) Taxonomic revision of the genus Latrunculia du Bocage (Porifera: Demospongiae: Latrunculiidae) in New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research, 36, 151 - 184." type="journal article" year="2002">
|
||
ALVAREZ
|
||
<emphasis id="B950760C136FFF88FD68F9C4348FFF9B" box="[695,743,1658,1681]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2002
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); G.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C24D19D136FFF88FC80F9C43342FF9A" authority="Alvarez et al. 2002" authorityName="Alvarez" authorityYear="2002" box="[863,1322,1657,1681]" class="Demospongiae" family="Latrunculiidae" genus="Latrunculia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="kaakaariki">
|
||
<emphasis id="B950760C136FFF88FC80F9C4323EFF9B" box="[863,1110,1658,1681]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Latrunculia kaakaariki</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB5D7EF136FFF88FB82F9C73342FF9A" author="Alvarez, B. & Bergquist P. R. & Battershill C. N." box="[1117,1322,1657,1681]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="151 - 184" refId="ref34711" refString="Alvarez, B., Bergquist P. R. & Battershill C. N. (2002) Taxonomic revision of the genus Latrunculia du Bocage (Porifera: Demospongiae: Latrunculiidae) in New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research, 36, 151 - 184." type="journal article" year="2002">
|
||
Alvarez
|
||
<emphasis id="B950760C136FFF88FB67F9C43280FF9B" box="[1208,1256,1658,1681]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2002
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(REPRODUCED FROM
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB5D7EF136FFF88FE29F9223487FFB9" author="Alvarez, B. & Bergquist P. R. & Battershill C. N." box="[502,751,1692,1715]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="151 - 184" refId="ref34711" refString="Alvarez, B., Bergquist P. R. & Battershill C. N. (2002) Taxonomic revision of the genus Latrunculia du Bocage (Porifera: Demospongiae: Latrunculiidae) in New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research, 36, 151 - 184." type="journal article" year="2002">
|
||
ALVAREZ
|
||
<emphasis id="B950760C136FFF88FDB3F92234C9FFB9" box="[620,673,1692,1715]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2002
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); H.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C24D19D136FFF88FCF0F9223342FFB9" authority="Alvarez et al. 2002" authorityName="Alvarez" authorityYear="2002" box="[815,1322,1692,1715]" class="Demospongiae" family="Latrunculiidae" genus="Latrunculia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="procumbens">
|
||
<emphasis id="B950760C136FFF88FCF0F9223254FFB9" box="[815,1084,1692,1715]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Latrunculia procumbens</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB5D7EF136FFF88FB95F9223342FFB9" author="Alvarez, B. & Bergquist P. R. & Battershill C. N." box="[1098,1322,1692,1715]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="151 - 184" refId="ref34711" refString="Alvarez, B., Bergquist P. R. & Battershill C. N. (2002) Taxonomic revision of the genus Latrunculia du Bocage (Porifera: Demospongiae: Latrunculiidae) in New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research, 36, 151 - 184." type="journal article" year="2002">
|
||
Alvarez
|
||
<emphasis id="B950760C136FFF88FB73F9223289FFB9" box="[1196,1249,1692,1715]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2002
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(REPRODUCED FROM
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB5D7EF136FFF88FE2DF900348CFFDF" author="Alvarez, B. & Bergquist P. R. & Battershill C. N." box="[498,740,1726,1750]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="151 - 184" refId="ref34711" refString="Alvarez, B., Bergquist P. R. & Battershill C. N. (2002) Taxonomic revision of the genus Latrunculia du Bocage (Porifera: Demospongiae: Latrunculiidae) in New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research, 36, 151 - 184." type="journal article" year="2002">
|
||
ALVAREZ
|
||
<emphasis id="B950760C136FFF88FDBAF90134F0FFDC" box="[613,664,1727,1750]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2002
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); I.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C24D19D136FFF88FCC9F9013342FFDF" authority="Alvarez et al. 2002" authorityName="Alvarez" authorityYear="2002" box="[790,1322,1726,1750]" class="Demospongiae" family="Latrunculiidae" genus="Latrunculia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="wellingtonensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B950760C136FFF88FCC9F901322DFFDC" box="[790,1093,1727,1750]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Latrunculia wellingtonensis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB5D7EF136FFF88FB8FF9003342FFDF" author="Alvarez, B. & Bergquist P. R. & Battershill C. N." box="[1104,1322,1726,1750]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="151 - 184" refId="ref34711" refString="Alvarez, B., Bergquist P. R. & Battershill C. N. (2002) Taxonomic revision of the genus Latrunculia du Bocage (Porifera: Demospongiae: Latrunculiidae) in New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research, 36, 151 - 184." type="journal article" year="2002">
|
||
Alvarez
|
||
<emphasis id="B950760C136FFF88FB6FF901328BFFDC" box="[1200,1251,1727,1750]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2002
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(REPRODUCED FROM
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB5D7EF136FFF88FE36F95F34A2FFF2" author="Alvarez, B. & Bergquist P. R. & Battershill C. N." box="[489,714,1761,1785]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="151 - 184" refId="ref34711" refString="Alvarez, B., Bergquist P. R. & Battershill C. N. (2002) Taxonomic revision of the genus Latrunculia du Bocage (Porifera: Demospongiae: Latrunculiidae) in New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research, 36, 151 - 184." type="journal article" year="2002">
|
||
ALVAREZ
|
||
<emphasis id="B950760C136FFF88FD88F95C34EDFFF3" box="[599,645,1762,1785]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2002
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33EF995136DFF8AFEE7FEA53272FDFC" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9BAA1E136DFF8AFEE7FEA5373CFA84" blockId="51.[264,1323,283,1270]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
|
||
<emphasis id="B950760C136DFF8AFEE7FEA537D9F83F" bold="true" box="[312,433,283,309]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB5D7EF136DFF8AFE17FEA23541F83C" author="Hinde, G. J. & Holmes, W. M." box="[456,809,284,310]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" pagination="177 - 262" refId="ref35692" refString="Hinde, G. J. & Holmes, W. M. (1892) On the sponge-remains in the lower Tertiary Strata near Oamaru, Otago, New Zealand. Journal of the Linnean Society. Zoology, 24, 177 - 262." type="journal article" year="1892">Hinde and Holmes (1892)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(P. 219, FIG. 39) recorded a fossil anisodiscorhabd structure from the Oamaru Diatomite,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F333EA8E136DFF8AFC6FFEFA323AF854" box="[944,1106,324,350]" name="New Zealand" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
|
||
of a species that occurred during the late Eoceneearly Oligocene era. These authors also suggested that this form was a modification of a common plane, which ultimately gave rise to the phyllamentoustype discorhabd. The discorhabd structure of the extant
|
||
<emphasis id="B950760C136DFF8AFB88FE023207F8DF" box="[1111,1135,444,469]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">L.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C24D19D136DFF8AFBA7FE023342F8DF" authorityName="Vacelet, C" authorityYear="1969" box="[1144,1322,444,470]" class="Demospongiae" family="Latrunculiidae" genus="Latrunculia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="citharistae" subGenus="Biannulata">
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B950760C136DFF8AFB5EFE0232FBF8DF" box="[1153,1171,444,469]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">B</emphasis>
|
||
.)
|
||
<emphasis id="B950760C136DFF8AFB72FE023342F8DF" box="[1197,1322,444,469]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">citharistae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
conforms very closely in detail to the illustration and description of the fossil spicule given by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB5D7EF136DFF8AFEF3FDB23434FB2C" author="Hinde, G. J. & Holmes, W. M." box="[300,604,524,550]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" pagination="177 - 262" refId="ref35692" refString="Hinde, G. J. & Holmes, W. M. (1892) On the sponge-remains in the lower Tertiary Strata near Oamaru, Otago, New Zealand. Journal of the Linnean Society. Zoology, 24, 177 - 262." type="journal article" year="1892">Hinde and Holmes (1892)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and could be considered as a recent flesh spicule of this
|
||
<typeStatus id="549F14BC136DFF8AFB2EFDB2334FFB2C" box="[1265,1319,524,550]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">type</typeStatus>
|
||
. The discorhabd structure of the extant
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C24D19D136DFF8AFD3FFD8A359AFB47" authorityName="Vacelet, C" authorityYear="1969" box="[736,1010,564,589]" class="Demospongiae" family="Latrunculiidae" genus="Latrunculia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="citharistae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B950760C136DFF8AFD3FFD8A359AFB47" box="[736,1010,564,589]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Latrunculia citharistae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs however from the fossil spicule in that the spines of the apical whorl are slanted slightly upwards, as appose to forming a distinctive crownlike structure as in the fossil species (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB5D7EF136DFF8AFB9AFD3A372EFBCC" author="Hinde, G. J. & Holmes, W. M." pageId="51" pageNumber="52" pagination="177 - 262" refId="ref35692" refString="Hinde, G. J. & Holmes, W. M. (1892) On the sponge-remains in the lower Tertiary Strata near Oamaru, Otago, New Zealand. Journal of the Linnean Society. Zoology, 24, 177 - 262." type="journal article" year="1892">Hinde and Holmes 1892</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C24D19D136DFF8AFE8DFD12346FFBCC" box="[338,519,684,710]" class="Demospongiae" family="Latrunculiidae" genus="Latrunculia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B950760C136DFF8AFE8DFD1237B4FBCF" box="[338,476,684,709]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Latrunculia</emphasis>
|
||
sp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, PL. XI, FIGS 39, 40). Apart from this
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C24D19D136DFF8AFC0DFD123206FBCF" authorityName="Vacelet, C" authorityYear="1969" box="[978,1134,684,709]" class="Demospongiae" family="Latrunculiidae" genus="Latrunculia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="citharistae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B950760C136DFF8AFC0DFD123206FBCF" box="[978,1134,684,709]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">L. citharistae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
the spicule also differ in length, being much smaller in size than what is recorded for the fossil species (
|
||
<quantity id="4CDC07FB136DFF8AFAD3FD6A375CFA1C" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" unit="mm" value="75.0">75 µm</quantity>
|
||
). It is difficult to say whether the fossil acanthodiscorhabds are homologous to that found in the extant species, but it does suggest that several species of “latrunculids” with this form must have coexisted at the source of this assemblage (See also
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB5D7EF136DFF8AFB58FCF2372FFA84" author="Wiedenmayer, F." pageId="51" pageNumber="52" pagination="1 - 147" refId="ref37348" refString="Wiedenmayer, F. (1994) Contributions to the knowledge of post-Palaeozoic neritic and archibenthal sponges (Porifera). The stratigraphic record, ecology, and global distribution of intermediate and higher taxa. Schweizerische Palaontologische Abhandlungen, 116, 1 - 147." type="journal article" year="1994">Wiedenmayer 1994</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9BAA1E136DFF8AFEE7FC22341CFD5C" blockId="51.[264,1323,283,1270]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
|
||
The occurrence of this species in both the North Atlantic and the Mediterranean Sea, and its affinities with
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F333EA8E136DFF8AFDC5FC7A34D4FAD4" box="[538,700,964,990]" name="New Zealand" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
|
||
(same flesh spicular structure) probably suggest a Tethyan origin of this species complex. At present
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C24D19D136DFF8AFCADFC523278FD0F" authorityName="Vacelet, C" authorityYear="1969" box="[882,1040,1004,1029]" class="Demospongiae" family="Latrunculiidae" genus="Latrunculia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="citharistae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B950760C136DFF8AFCADFC523278FD0F" box="[882,1040,1004,1029]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">L. citharistae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is here restricted to the deepwater North Atlantic and Mediterranean regions and has not been recorded in the southern hemisphere (
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6A69FA5136DFF8AFDD4FB82340EFD5C" box="[523,614,1084,1110]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="21.[264,352,283,307]" captionText="TABLE 2: Review of Latrunculia species worldwide, including material examined and new additions from recent collections and museum material. NE = Material not examined, dispersed in various collections worldwide." pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Table 2</tableCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9BAA1E136DFF8AFEE7FBDA3272FDFC" blockId="51.[264,1323,283,1270]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Structurally the anisodiscorhabd differs from the variety of forms presently found within the genus, in that it posses a slender cylindrical shaft with the two lobate whorls in the middle portion of the shaft. Its relationship to the other species with flesh spicules is one of assumption and could only be resolved with additional data.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |