174 lines
19 KiB
XML
174 lines
19 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.544.6074" ID-GBIF-Dataset="0e5e47a0-f8f3-4039-b0e1-c159fef0b9f6" ID-PMC="PMC4714384" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-544-1" ID-PubMed="26798289" ID-ZBK="C5978BD0145B40F8ACDEB27371B7B9A4" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2015" ModsDocID="1313-2970-544-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 544" ModsDocTitle="The Mecyclothorax beetles (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Moriomorphini) of Haleakala-, Maui: Keystone of a hyperdiverse Hawaiian radiation" checkinTime="1451243640953" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Liebherr, James K." docDate="2015" docId="94975DB64113FC5B6FB8B49F1CF82F9B" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 544: 1-407" docOrigin="ZooKeys 544" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.544.6074" docTitle="Mecyclothorax cymindulus Liebherr, 2015, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="2F914232-3664-4139-AB0A-AC7ADA9DBC8C" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="70" masterDocId="FF92FFC2FF9FFFC7191EFFB8FF91AF5D" masterDocTitle="The Mecyclothorax beetles (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Moriomorphini) of Haleakala-, Maui: Keystone of a hyperdiverse Hawaiian radiation" masterLastPageNumber="407" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="67" updateTime="1668162300918" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>The Mecyclothorax beetles (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Moriomorphini) of Haleakala-, Maui: Keystone of a hyperdiverse Hawaiian radiation</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Liebherr, James K.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2015</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>544</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>407</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.544.6074</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.544.6074</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-544-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZBK">C5978BD0145B40F8ACDEB27371B7B9A4</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">C5978BD0145B40F8ACDEB27371B7B9A4</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="127853577" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:2F914232-3664-4139-AB0A-AC7ADA9DBC8C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/94975DB64113FC5B6FB8B49F1CF82F9B" lastPageId="69" lastPageNumber="70" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
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<subSubSection pageId="66" pageNumber="67" type="multiple">
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<paragraph pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Taxon classification Animalia Coleoptera Carabidae</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="66" pageNumber="67" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
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(024)
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/2F914232-3664-4139-AB0A-AC7ADA9DBC8C" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mecyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecyclothorax cymindulus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cymindulus">Mecyclothorax cymindulus</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="66" pageNumber="67">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Figs 34N, 37C, 38B, 39A, 40
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="66" pageNumber="67" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
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Differing from its most similar species group member
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mecyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecyclothorax cymindicus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cymindicus">Mecyclothorax cymindicus</taxonomicName>
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(Fig. 38
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<normalizedToken originalValue="A–B">A-B</normalizedToken>
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) by: 1, pronotal hind angles obtuse due to rounded basal margin posterad angle, the pronotal lateral margin subparallel anterad angle; 2, broad, minutely punctate discal elytral striae over basal half of length; 3, elytra with transverse-mesh microsculpture on the sutural interval, and parallel-lined microsculpture laterally on disc and at apex. If a male is available, the aedeagal median lobe of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mecyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecyclothorax cymindulus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cymindulus">Mecyclothorax cymindulus</taxonomicName>
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has a more flattened apex with a subangulate, ventrally angled tip (Fig. 34N), versus the more rounded apex with ventrally expanded tip of male
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mecyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecyclothorax cymindicus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cymindicus">Mecyclothorax cymindicus</taxonomicName>
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(Fig. 34 M). Setal formula 2 2 2 2. Standardized body length 4.1-4.6 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="68" lastPageNumber="69" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Description</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="68" lastPageNumber="69" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
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(n = 5). Head capsule with frontal grooves straight, a lateral carina to anterior supraorbital seta; dorsal surface of neck flat to slightly concave; ocular lobe moderately extended from gena, eyes not covering posterior portion of lobe, ocular ratio = 1.34-1.41, ocular lobe ratio = 0.70-0.76; labral anterior margin subangulately excavated medially to 0.2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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length; antennae broader in apical half, submoniliform, antennomeres 2-3 with sparse pelage of short setae; mentum tooth with sides acute, apex tightly rounded. Pronotum moderately transverse, MPW/PL = 1.21-1.25, base broad, MPW/BPW = 1.41-1.49; median base depressed relative to disc, covered with irregular punctures and longitudinal wrinkles; basal margin slightly convex between laterobasal depressions; median longitudinal impression shallow, very finely incised at depth; anterior transverse impression very shallow, broad, crossed by fine longitudinal wrinkles; anterior callosity slightly convex, crossed by numerous wrinkles; front angles not projected, rounded; anterior and basal widths subequal, APW/BPW = 0.95-1.04; lateral marginal depression broader, beaded at front angle, evenly expanded along midlength, moderately broad and upturned toward basal angle; laterobasal depression smooth, broad, with or without convex median extension from disc. Proepisternum with 6 punctures along hind marginal groove; prosternal process medially depressed, a broad marginal bead laterally. Elytra with convex disc, sides more sloped; basal groove
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<pageBreakToken pageId="67" pageNumber="68" start="start">straight</pageBreakToken>
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from sutural stria laterally to subangulate humeri; elytral slightly narrowed basally, subquadrate, MEW/HuW = 1.83-1.95; parascutellar seta present; parascutellar striole with 4-5 punctures, continuous between punctures; sutural interval more convex than lateral intervals; sutural and 2nd striae of subequal depth from base to apex; discal striae 1-5 and base of 6 minutely punctate, striae slightly irregular, associated intervals slightly convex; 7th and 8th interval of similar convexity mesad subapical sinuation; 2 dorsal elytral setae at 0. 25
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–0.27×">-0.27x</normalizedToken>
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and 0.57
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–0.59×">-0.59x</normalizedToken>
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elytral length, setal impressions extended over 2/3 width of interval 3; apical and subapical setae present; lateral elytral setae arranged as anterior series of 7 setae, posterior series of 6 setae; ely
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<pageBreakToken pageId="68" pageNumber="69" start="start">tral</pageBreakToken>
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marginal depression broadest at humerus, gradually narrowed to a beadlike margin at subapical sinuation; subapical sinuation shallow, abruptly incurved anteriorly. Mesepisternum with ~10 punctures in 2 rows; metepisternal width to length ratio = 0.79; metepisternum/metepimeron suture distinct. Abdomen with irregular lateral wrinkles on ventrites 1-5; suture between ventrites 2 and 3 reduced, effaced laterally; apical male ventrite with 2 marginal setae, apical female ventrite with 4 equally spaced marginal setae and a median trapezoid of 4 subequally short setae. Legs-metatarsomere 1/metatibial length ratio = 0.17; metatarsomere 4 length along outer lobe 1.35
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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medial tarsomere length, apical and subapical setae present; metatarsal dorsolateral sulci deep, broad, basal tarsomeres medially carinate. Microsculpture of vertex transverse, sculpticell breadth 2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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length; pronotal disc with transverse mesh, sculpticell breadth 3
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–4×">-4x</normalizedToken>
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length; pronotal median base with distinct isodiametric and transverse sculpticells; metasternum with distinct transverse mesh; laterobasal abdominal ventrites with swirling isodiametric and transverse microsculpture. Coloration of vertex rufobrunneous; antennomeres 1-3 flavous, 4-11 rufobrunneous; pronotal disc rufobrunneous, pronotal margins slightly paler; proepipleuron and proepisternum rufoflavous; elytral disc rufobrunneous, metallic reflection present due to microsculpture; sutural interval rufous basally, flavous apically; elytral marginal depression narrowly flavous, apex flavous to juncture of intervals 3 and 4; elytral epipleuron flavous, metepisternum rufoflavous; abdomen with ventrites 1-6 medially rufoflavous, laterally flavous, ventrite 6 with apical half flavous; metafemur flavous; metatibia rufoflavous.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="68" pageNumber="69">
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Male genitalia (n = 1). Aedeagal median lobe gracile, distance from parameral articulation to tip 4.0
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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depth at midlength (Fig. 34N); apex moderately extended beyond ostial opening, apical face flat, tip distinctly angulate at juncture of apical face and ventral margin; internal sac with lightly sclerotized dorsal microtrichial patch, and ventral face covered with fine spicules; flagellar plate length 0.47
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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parameral articulation-tip distance.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="68" pageNumber="69">
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Female reproductive tract (n = 1). Bursa copulatrix columnar with rounded apex, narrowed along midlength, length 0.93 mm, medial breadth 0.31 mm, basal breadth at vagina 0.43 mm (Fig. 39A); bursal walls translucent with thin wrinkles; gonocoxite 1 with 2-3 apical fringe setae and 6-7 smaller setae on medial surface (Fig. 37C); gonocoxite 2 narrowly subtriangular with broad apex, tip tightly rounded, 1-2 lateral ensiform setae, apical nematiform setae on medioventral surface at 0.76
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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gonocoxite length.
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="68" pageNumber="69">
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<paragraph pageId="68" pageNumber="69">
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Figure 39. Female bursa copulatrix and associated reproductive structures,
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mecyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecyclothorax robustus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="robustus">Mecyclothorax robustus</taxonomicName>
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group species, ventral view (for abbreviations see Table 2, p. 23). A
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mecyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecyclothorax cymindulus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cymindulus">Mecyclothorax cymindulus</taxonomicName>
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(Kīpahulu, 1950 m) B
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mecyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecyclothorax robustus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="robustus">Mecyclothorax robustus</taxonomicName>
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(Waikamoi, 1310 m) C
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mecyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecyclothorax haydeni" order="Coleoptera" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="haydeni">Mecyclothorax haydeni</taxonomicName>
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(Kīpahulu, 1500 m). Scale bar = 0.50 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="68" pageNumber="69" type="holotype">
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<paragraph pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Holotype.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="68" pageNumber="69">
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Female (BPBM) labeled: Kipahulu Valley / Maui Camp 1 / 945 m, 6-12.VIII.67 // N. Wilson / Collector / BISHOP //?
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<taxonomicName lsidName="cymindicus" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" rank="species" species="cymindicus">cymindicus</taxonomicName>
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(E.C.Z. handwriting) // HOLOTYPE /
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mecyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecyclothorax" order="Coleoptera" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Mecyclothorax</taxonomicName>
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/
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<taxonomicName lsidName="cymindulus" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" rank="species" species="cymindulus">cymindulus</taxonomicName>
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/ Liebherr / J.K. Liebherr 2015 (black-margined red label).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="68" pageNumber="69" type="paratypes">
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<paragraph pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Paratypes.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="68" pageNumber="69">
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HI: Maui: Haleakala N.P., Kipahulu Vy., sift litter, 1500 m el., 09-v-1991 lot 03, Jessel/Medeiros (CUIC, 1), Mauka Ridge, pyrethrin fog
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Metrosideros" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Metrosideros" order="Myrtales" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Metrosideros</taxonomicName>
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/moss, 2055 m el., 21-v-1998 lot 01, Polhemus (NMNH, 1), West Camp, pyrethrin fog
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Metrosideros" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Metrosideros" order="Myrtales" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Metrosideros</taxonomicName>
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/moss, 1960 m el., 20-v-1998 lot 01, Polhemus (CUIC, 1; NMNH, 2).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="69" lastPageNumber="70" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="69" lastPageNumber="70" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">
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This epithet is taken from the Latin noun cymindis, meaning night hawk, modified with the diminutive ending -ule. Beetles of this species are the same size as those of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mecyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecyclothorax cymindicus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cymindicus">Mecyclothorax cymindicus</taxonomicName>
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, but use of the common stem for the epithet is meant to
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<pageBreakToken pageId="69" pageNumber="70" start="start">connote</pageBreakToken>
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the two
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<normalizedToken originalValue="species’">species'</normalizedToken>
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affinities; a convention used by
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<bibRefCitation author="Perrault, GG" journalOrPublisher="Nouvelle Revue d'Entomologie (NS)" pageId="309" pageNumber="310" pagination="19 - 31" title="La faune desCarabidae de Tahiti VI. revision du genre Mecyclothorax (Sharp) (Psydrini). 1. le groupe de M. muriauxi Perrault (Coleoptera)." volume="1" year="1984">Perrault (1984</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation author="Perrault, GG" journalOrPublisher="Nouvelle Revue d'Entomologie (NS)" pageId="309" pageNumber="310" pagination="439 - 455" title="La faune desCarabidae de Tahiti VII. revision du genre Mecyclothorax (Sharp) (Psydrini). 2. les groupes de M. striatopunctatus n. sp., M. dannieae Perrault, M. marginatus Perrault et M. viridis Perrault (Coleoptera)." volume="3" year="1986">1986</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation author="Perrault, GG" journalOrPublisher="Nouvelle Revue d'Entomologie (NS)" pageId="309" pageNumber="310" pagination="229 - 245" title="La faune desCarabidae de Tahiti. VIII. revision du genre Mecyclothorax Sharp (Psydrini) 3. les groups de M. altiusculus Britton et de M. gourvesi Perrault (Coleoptera)." volume="5" year="1988">1988</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation author="Perrault, GG" journalOrPublisher="Nouvelle Revue d'Entomologie (NS)" pageId="309" pageNumber="310" pagination="57 - 70" title="La faune desCarabidae de Tahiti: IX. revision du genre Mecyclothorax (Sharp) (Psydrini) 4. le groupe de M. globosus Britton (Coleoptera)." volume="6" year="1989">1989</bibRefCitation>
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) to deal with the rampant
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mecyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecyclothorax" order="Coleoptera" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Mecyclothorax</taxonomicName>
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diversity of Tahiti.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="69" pageNumber="70" type="distribution and habitat">
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<paragraph pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Distribution and habitat.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="69" pageNumber="70">
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Beetles of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mecyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecyclothorax cymindulus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cymindulus">Mecyclothorax cymindulus</taxonomicName>
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are recorded only from
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Kīpahulu">Kīpahulu</normalizedToken>
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Valley, 945-2055 m elevations (Fig. 40). They have been discovered in sifted leaf litter or on mossy
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<normalizedToken originalValue="‘ōhi‘a">'ōhi'a</normalizedToken>
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trunks.
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="69" pageNumber="70">
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<paragraph pageId="69" pageNumber="70">
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Figure 40. Recorded geographic distributions of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mecyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecyclothorax robustus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="robustus">Mecyclothorax robustus</taxonomicName>
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group species.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |