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<mods:title id="D5ACC4D965F4EF6CDE98C20D2D6F25D3">New species and new records of dendrochirotid and dactylochirotid holothuroids (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea) from off the east coast of South Africa</mods:title>
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<treatment id="1E5A87CB0A77574AFF3791E5F172F95B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5674046" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119345876" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5674046" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1E5A87CB0A77574AFF3791E5F172F95B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1E5A87CB0A77574AFF3791E5F172F95B" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="16" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<subSubSection id="DEE965560A775757FF3791E5F149FAFB" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="964C36DD0A775757FF3791E5F2D5FADE" blockId="13.[264,758,433,494]" box="[264,758,433,459]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<heading id="CD0481B10A775757FF3791E5F2D5FADE" bold="true" box="[264,758,433,459]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="51F34D5E0A775757FF3791E5F2D5FADE" ID-CoL="6YBWD" authority="Cherbonnier, 1970" authorityName="Cherbonnier" authorityYear="1970" box="[264,758,433,459]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Phyllophoridae" genus="Selenkiella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="paradoxa">
<emphasis id="A487EACF0A775757FF3791E5F2D5FADE" bold="true" box="[264,758,433,459]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<emphasis id="A487EACF0A775757FF3791E5F224FADE" bold="true" box="[264,519,433,459]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Selenkiella paradoxa</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="F2624B2C0A775757FC3191E5F2D5FADE" author="Cherbonnier" box="[526,758,433,459]" pageId="13" pageNumber="47" refString="Cherbonnier, G. (1970) Nouvelles especes d' holothuries des cotes d' Afrique du Sud et du Mozambique. Bulletin du Museum national d' Histoire Naturelle, 2 nd series 42, 280 - 299." type="book chapter" year="1970">Cherbonnier, 1970</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="964C36DD0A775757FF379180F149FAFB" blockId="13.[264,758,433,494]" box="[264,362,468,494]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<figureCitation id="0EC82A580A775757FF379180F149FAFB" box="[264,362,468,494]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="14.[264,368,1224,1248]" captionTargetBox="[548,1021,533,1206]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[538,1050,523,1209]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 4. Selenkiella paradoxa Cherbonnier, 1970. SAM­A 27900. A. pseudobuttons from lateral body wall; B. side view of pseudobuttons from lateral body wall; C. reduced tables from body wall; D. three types from rosettes from body wall; E. rods from body wall; F. plates from ventral podia; G. plates from dorsal podia; H. rods from dorsal podia; I. plate­like rods from dorsal podia; J. rods from ventral podia; K. minute rods from ventral podia; L. rosettes from introvert; M. mulberry­like rosettes from tentacles; N. rods from tentacles; O. rods from gonad; P. tables from anal region; Q. side view of tables from anal tables; R. rosette­like plates and rods from cloacal muscles; S. part of end­plate; T. madreporite; U. calcareous ring. A­R scale a." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/172921/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Figure 4</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="DEE965560A775757FF379270F18DF9B3" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="964C36DD0A775757FF379270F11FF968" blockId="13.[264,1323,548,678]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="B6E311F30A775757FF379270F11FF968" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<taxonomicName id="51F34D5E0A775757FF379270F2C8F92E" ID-CoL="6YBWD" authority="Cherbonnier, 1970: 291" authorityName="Cherbonnier" authorityPageNumber="291" authorityYear="1970" box="[264,747,548,571]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Phyllophoridae" genus="Selenkiella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="paradoxa">
<emphasis id="A487EACF0A775757FF379270F1CAF92E" box="[264,489,548,571]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Selenkiella paradoxa</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="175210CC0A775757FFD09270F2C8F92E" author="Cherbonnier" box="[495,747,548,571]" page="291" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" year="1970">
<bibRefCitation id="F2624B2C0A775757FFD09270F29AF92E" author="Cherbonnier" box="[495,697,548,571]" pageId="13" pageNumber="47" refString="Cherbonnier, G. (1970) Nouvelles especes d' holothuries des cotes d' Afrique du Sud et du Mozambique. Bulletin du Museum national d' Histoire Naturelle, 2 nd series 42, 280 - 299." type="book chapter" year="1970">Cherbonnier, 1970</bibRefCitation>
: 291
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
–293, fig. 6 (A–P);
<treatmentCitation id="175210CC0A775757FD859270F471F92E" author="Day" box="[954,1106,548,571]" page="94" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" year="1974">
<bibRefCitation id="F2624B2C0A775757FD859270F409F92E" author="Day" box="[954,1066,548,571]" pageId="13" pageNumber="47" refString="Day, J. H. (1974) The ecology of Morrumbene Estuary, Mozambique. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Africa, 41, 43 - 97." type="journal article" year="1974">Day, 1974</bibRefCitation>
: 94
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="175210CC0A775757FA639270F142F94E" author="Cherbonnier" page="234" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" year="1988">
<bibRefCitation id="F2624B2C0A775757FA639270F505F92E" author="Cherbonnier" box="[1116,1318,548,571]" pageId="13" pageNumber="47" refString="Cherbonnier, G. (1988) Faune de Madagascar. Publice sous les auspices du Gouvernment de la Republique Malgache, 70, O. R. S. T. O. M, Paris, 292 pp." type="book" year="1988">Cherbonnier, 1988</bibRefCitation>
: 234
</treatmentCitation>
–235, fig. 103;
<treatmentCitation id="175210CC0A775757FC3C9210F2EEF94E" author="Thandar" box="[515,717,580,603]" page="219" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" year="1990">
<bibRefCitation id="F2624B2C0A775757FC3C9210F283F94E" author="Thandar" box="[515,672,580,603]" pageId="13" pageNumber="50" refString="Thandar, A. S. (1990) The phyllophorid holothurians of southern Africa with the erection of a new genus. South African Journal of Zoology, 25, 207 - 223." type="journal article" year="1990">Thandar, 1990</bibRefCitation>
:219
</treatmentCitation>
–221, fig. 9 a–f.
<emphasis id="A487EACF0A775757FF379230F11FF968" box="[264,316,612,637]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<typeStatus id="4948887F0A775757FF379230F11FF968" box="[264,316,612,637]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Type</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="964C36DD0A775757FF0092D8F18DF9B3" blockId="13.[264,1323,548,678]" box="[319,430,652,678]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">MNHNP.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="DEE965560A775757FF379288F1CEFF93" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="964C36DD0A775757FF379288F1BDF9E0" blockId="13.[264,736,732,798]" box="[264,414,732,757]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<emphasis id="A487EACF0A775757FF379288F1BDF9E0" box="[264,414,732,757]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<typeStatus id="4948887F0A775757FF379288F11CF9E0" box="[264,319,732,757]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Type</typeStatus>
locality
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="964C36DD0A775757FF009350F2C3F80B" blockId="13.[264,736,732,798]" box="[319,736,772,798]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
Morrumbene,
<collectingCountry id="EEE4764D0A775757FFD99350F2A7F80B" box="[486,644,772,798]" name="Mozambique" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Mozambique</collectingCountry>
,
<quantity id="510B9B380A775757FCAF9350F2FFF80B" box="[656,732,772,798]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="cm" value="35.0">35 cm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="964C36DD0A775757FF379300F24FF878" blockId="13.[264,620,852,918]" box="[264,620,852,877]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<emphasis id="A487EACF0A775757FF379300F24FF878" box="[264,620,852,877]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Previous South African record</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="964C36DD0A775757FF079328F154F883" blockId="13.[264,620,852,918]" box="[312,375,892,918]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">None</paragraph>
<paragraph id="964C36DD0A775757FF379398F1C5F8F0" blockId="13.[264,1323,972,1158]" box="[264,486,972,997]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<emphasis id="A487EACF0A775757FF379398F1C5F8F0" box="[264,486,972,997]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Material examined</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="964C36DD0A775757FF0793A0F1CEFF93" blockId="13.[264,1323,972,1158]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
SAM­A27900, SE of Durban Bluff,
<geoCoordinate id="F3C7501A0A775757FCDF93A0F345FF1B" box="[736,870,1012,1038]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" precision="92" value="-29.998333">29 59.9’ S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="F3C7501A0A775757FD4C93A0F3D9FF1B" box="[883,1018,1012,1038]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" precision="92" value="31.063334">31 03.8’ E</geoCoordinate>
, ‘Meiring Naude’, St. XX 146, R. Kilburn,
<date id="E24D101D0A775757FFE59448F241FF23" box="[474,610,1052,1078]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1989-06-13">
13 vi
<quantity id="510B9B380A775757FC1A9448F241FF23" box="[549,610,1052,1078]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9895999999999998" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="m" value="1989.6">1989</quantity>
</date>
, 60 m, 1 spec. (female); SAM­A27901, off Mngeni River Mouth, Durban,
<geoCoordinate id="F3C7501A0A775757FFF29410F275FF4B" box="[461,598,1092,1118]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" precision="92" value="-29.83">29 49.8’ S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="F3C7501A0A775757FC5B9410F2CCFF4B" box="[612,751,1092,1118]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" precision="92" value="31.203333">31 12.2’ E</geoCoordinate>
, ‘Meiring Naude’, St.XX 149, R. Kilburn,
<date id="E24D101D0A775757FAD19410F166FF93" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1989-06-13">
13 vi
<quantity id="510B9B380A775757FF379438F166FF93" box="[264,325,1132,1158]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9899499999999999" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="m" value="1989.95">1989</quantity>
</date>
, 95 m, 1 spec.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="DEE965560A775755FF3794E8F2B8FE0B" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="16" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="description">
<paragraph id="964C36DD0A775757FF3794E8F1B1FFC0" blockId="13.[264,1323,1212,1878]" box="[264,402,1212,1237]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<emphasis id="A487EACF0A775757FF3794E8F1B1FFC0" box="[264,402,1212,1237]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Description</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="964C36DD0A775757FF0794B0F211FD03" blockId="13.[264,1323,1212,1878]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
Larger of the two specimens barrel­shaped, slightly bloated ventrally; length approximately
<quantity id="510B9B380A775757FF879558F22EFE33" box="[440,525,1292,1318]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.1" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="mm" value="41.0">41 mm</quantity>
, width of mid­body
<quantity id="510B9B380A775757FCC69558F36DFE33" box="[761,846,1292,1318]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="mm" value="10.0">10 mm</quantity>
, height about
<quantity id="510B9B380A775757FDCE9558F465FE33" box="[1009,1094,1292,1318]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="mm" value="14.0">14 mm</quantity>
. Colour, in alcohol, a variegated greyish­brown, suckers white; skin wrinkled. Mouth anterior, anus terminal, the latter flanked by minute calcareous teeth, not easily visible. Podia scattered, not confined to ambulacra, more numerous ventrally, suckers well developed. Tentacles 25, retracted, arranged in three rings of 10+10+5, however, first and second rings not clearly defined. All tentacles well branched, brownish in colour with lighter stalks. Body wall soft, smooth to the touch.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="964C36DD0A775754FF079670F2EDFAC3" blockId="13.[264,1323,1212,1878]" lastBlockId="14.[264,1321,284,470]" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
Calcareous ring complex (
<figureCitation id="0EC82A580A775757FC489670F2C3FD2B" box="[631,736,1572,1598]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="14.[264,368,1224,1248]" captionTargetBox="[548,1021,533,1206]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[538,1050,523,1209]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 4. Selenkiella paradoxa Cherbonnier, 1970. SAM­A 27900. A. pseudobuttons from lateral body wall; B. side view of pseudobuttons from lateral body wall; C. reduced tables from body wall; D. three types from rosettes from body wall; E. rods from body wall; F. plates from ventral podia; G. plates from dorsal podia; H. rods from dorsal podia; I. plate­like rods from dorsal podia; J. rods from ventral podia; K. minute rods from ventral podia; L. rosettes from introvert; M. mulberry­like rosettes from tentacles; N. rods from tentacles; O. rods from gonad; P. tables from anal region; Q. side view of tables from anal tables; R. rosette­like plates and rods from cloacal muscles; S. part of end­plate; T. madreporite; U. calcareous ring. A­R scale a." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/172921/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Figure 4</figureCitation>
U), tubular, with unbroken radial plates, slightly higher than interradial plates and carrying short, thick, paired, inwardly curled processes fragmented into few segments, several anterior notches and a depression for insertion of retractor muscle; interradial plates roughly triangular, not notched, but anteriorly pointed, and broken into two pieces; calcareous ring, including processes, about
<quantity id="510B9B380A775757FA6D9690F4B5FDCB" box="[1106,1174,1732,1758]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="mm" value="7.0">7 mm</quantity>
long. Polian vesicle single, large, sac­like. Stone canal short, white, embedded in dorsal mesentery; madreporic body (
<figureCitation id="0EC82A580A775757FFD89740F273FC3B" box="[487,592,1812,1838]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="14.[264,368,1224,1248]" captionTargetBox="[548,1021,533,1206]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[538,1050,523,1209]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 4. Selenkiella paradoxa Cherbonnier, 1970. SAM­A 27900. A. pseudobuttons from lateral body wall; B. side view of pseudobuttons from lateral body wall; C. reduced tables from body wall; D. three types from rosettes from body wall; E. rods from body wall; F. plates from ventral podia; G. plates from dorsal podia; H. rods from dorsal podia; I. plate­like rods from dorsal podia; J. rods from ventral podia; K. minute rods from ventral podia; L. rosettes from introvert; M. mulberry­like rosettes from tentacles; N. rods from tentacles; O. rods from gonad; P. tables from anal region; Q. side view of tables from anal tables; R. rosette­like plates and rods from cloacal muscles; S. part of end­plate; T. madreporite; U. calcareous ring. A­R scale a." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/172921/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Figure 4</figureCitation>
T) somewhat oval, well calcified, also lodged in mesentery. Respiratory trees well branched, right one slightly longer than left, both reaching anterior third of body, uniting before opening into cloaca. Cloaca narrow, elongate, suspensors well developed. Gonad (ovary) in two tufts of short, unbranched tubules full of eggs, left tuft better developed than right. Longitudinal muscles thick, unbranched. Retractor muscles well developed, originating from anterior third of longitudinal bands, slightly more anteriorly in the two dorsal ambulacra.
</paragraph>
<caption id="C28C66550A745754FF37949CF467FEC7" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/172921/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" targetBox="[548,1021,533,1206]" targetPageId="14">
<paragraph id="964C36DD0A745754FF37949CF467FEC7" blockId="14.[264,1323,1224,1490]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<emphasis id="A487EACF0A745754FF37949CF1B2FFF5" bold="true" box="[264,401,1224,1248]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="51F34D5E0A745754FF9F949DF34BFFF5" authority="Cherbonnier, 1970" authorityName="Cherbonnier" authorityYear="1970" box="[416,872,1225,1248]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Phyllophoridae" genus="Selenkiella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="paradoxa">
<emphasis id="A487EACF0A745754FF9F949DF2AAFFF5" box="[416,649,1225,1248]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Selenkiella paradoxa</emphasis>
Cherbonnier, 1970
</taxonomicName>
. SAM­A27900. A. pseudobuttons from lateral body wall; B. side view of pseudobuttons from lateral body wall; C. reduced tables from body wall; D. three types from rosettes from body wall; E. rods from body wall; F. plates from ventral podia; G. plates from dorsal podia; H. rods from dorsal podia; I. plate­like rods from dorsal podia; J. rods from ventral podia; K. minute rods from ventral podia; L. rosettes from introvert; M. mulberry­like rosettes from tentacles; N. rods from tentacles; O. rods from gonad; P. tables from anal region; Q. side view of tables from anal tables; R. rosette­like plates and rods from cloacal muscles; S. part of end­plate; T. madreporite; U. calcareous ring. A­R scale a.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="964C36DD0A745755FF079652F217FF13" blockId="14.[264,1325,1542,1888]" lastBlockId="15.[264,1322,284,1030]" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="16" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
Spicules of the dorsal, lateral and ventral body wall identical, comprising minute rods (29–76 µm, mean 54 µm), pseudobuttons, tables with reduced spires (47–69 µm, mean 63 µm) and rosettes (36–61 µm, mean 45 µm). Rods (
<figureCitation id="0EC82A580A745754FD5F9602F3E5FD65" box="[864,966,1622,1648]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="14.[264,368,1224,1248]" captionTargetBox="[548,1021,533,1206]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[538,1050,523,1209]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 4. Selenkiella paradoxa Cherbonnier, 1970. SAM­A 27900. A. pseudobuttons from lateral body wall; B. side view of pseudobuttons from lateral body wall; C. reduced tables from body wall; D. three types from rosettes from body wall; E. rods from body wall; F. plates from ventral podia; G. plates from dorsal podia; H. rods from dorsal podia; I. plate­like rods from dorsal podia; J. rods from ventral podia; K. minute rods from ventral podia; L. rosettes from introvert; M. mulberry­like rosettes from tentacles; N. rods from tentacles; O. rods from gonad; P. tables from anal region; Q. side view of tables from anal tables; R. rosette­like plates and rods from cloacal muscles; S. part of end­plate; T. madreporite; U. calcareous ring. A­R scale a." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/172921/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Figure 4</figureCitation>
E.) numerous, smooth, with or without perforations, either representing complete spicules or developmental stages of pseudobuttons and tables. Pseudobuttons (
<figureCitation id="0EC82A580A745754FCC496F2F342FDD5" box="[763,865,1702,1728]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="14.[264,368,1224,1248]" captionTargetBox="[548,1021,533,1206]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[538,1050,523,1209]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 4. Selenkiella paradoxa Cherbonnier, 1970. SAM­A 27900. A. pseudobuttons from lateral body wall; B. side view of pseudobuttons from lateral body wall; C. reduced tables from body wall; D. three types from rosettes from body wall; E. rods from body wall; F. plates from ventral podia; G. plates from dorsal podia; H. rods from dorsal podia; I. plate­like rods from dorsal podia; J. rods from ventral podia; K. minute rods from ventral podia; L. rosettes from introvert; M. mulberry­like rosettes from tentacles; N. rods from tentacles; O. rods from gonad; P. tables from anal region; Q. side view of tables from anal tables; R. rosette­like plates and rods from cloacal muscles; S. part of end­plate; T. madreporite; U. calcareous ring. A­R scale a." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/172921/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Figure 4</figureCitation>
A, B) numerous, with 1–6 holes. Table discs (
<figureCitation id="0EC82A580A745754FF6B969AF198FDFD" box="[340,443,1742,1768]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="14.[264,368,1224,1248]" captionTargetBox="[548,1021,533,1206]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[538,1050,523,1209]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 4. Selenkiella paradoxa Cherbonnier, 1970. SAM­A 27900. A. pseudobuttons from lateral body wall; B. side view of pseudobuttons from lateral body wall; C. reduced tables from body wall; D. three types from rosettes from body wall; E. rods from body wall; F. plates from ventral podia; G. plates from dorsal podia; H. rods from dorsal podia; I. plate­like rods from dorsal podia; J. rods from ventral podia; K. minute rods from ventral podia; L. rosettes from introvert; M. mulberry­like rosettes from tentacles; N. rods from tentacles; O. rods from gonad; P. tables from anal region; Q. side view of tables from anal tables; R. rosette­like plates and rods from cloacal muscles; S. part of end­plate; T. madreporite; U. calcareous ring. A­R scale a." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/172921/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Figure 4</figureCitation>
C) subcircular to oval, with usually a smooth rim, two or more holes and commonly a pair of nodules indicating reduced spires. Rosettes (
<figureCitation id="0EC82A580A745754FA0396A2F48BFC05" box="[1084,1192,1782,1808]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="14.[264,368,1224,1248]" captionTargetBox="[548,1021,533,1206]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[538,1050,523,1209]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 4. Selenkiella paradoxa Cherbonnier, 1970. SAM­A 27900. A. pseudobuttons from lateral body wall; B. side view of pseudobuttons from lateral body wall; C. reduced tables from body wall; D. three types from rosettes from body wall; E. rods from body wall; F. plates from ventral podia; G. plates from dorsal podia; H. rods from dorsal podia; I. plate­like rods from dorsal podia; J. rods from ventral podia; K. minute rods from ventral podia; L. rosettes from introvert; M. mulberry­like rosettes from tentacles; N. rods from tentacles; O. rods from gonad; P. tables from anal region; Q. side view of tables from anal tables; R. rosette­like plates and rods from cloacal muscles; S. part of end­plate; T. madreporite; U. calcareous ring. A­R scale a." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/172921/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Figure 4</figureCitation>
D) equally developed dorsally and ventrally, originating from branched, anastomosing rods, which may or may not leave perforations — larger rosettes usually with perforations, smaller ones without. Anal region with better­developed tables (
<figureCitation id="0EC82A580A755755FD8A9148F43EFA23" box="[949,1053,284,310]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="14.[264,368,1224,1248]" captionTargetBox="[548,1021,533,1206]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[538,1050,523,1209]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 4. Selenkiella paradoxa Cherbonnier, 1970. SAM­A 27900. A. pseudobuttons from lateral body wall; B. side view of pseudobuttons from lateral body wall; C. reduced tables from body wall; D. three types from rosettes from body wall; E. rods from body wall; F. plates from ventral podia; G. plates from dorsal podia; H. rods from dorsal podia; I. plate­like rods from dorsal podia; J. rods from ventral podia; K. minute rods from ventral podia; L. rosettes from introvert; M. mulberry­like rosettes from tentacles; N. rods from tentacles; O. rods from gonad; P. tables from anal region; Q. side view of tables from anal tables; R. rosette­like plates and rods from cloacal muscles; S. part of end­plate; T. madreporite; U. calcareous ring. A­R scale a." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/172921/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Figure 4</figureCitation>
P, Q), with usually an oval to round disc (50–98 µm, mean 76 µm) with an undulating rim, four central holes and a short (14–25 µm, mean 21 µm) spire of four pillars, ending in usually a quadrangular crown bearing a few blunt teeth. Podial deposits include rods (
<figureCitation id="0EC82A580A755755FA0991C0F487FABB" box="[1078,1188,404,430]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="14.[264,368,1224,1248]" captionTargetBox="[548,1021,533,1206]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[538,1050,523,1209]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 4. Selenkiella paradoxa Cherbonnier, 1970. SAM­A 27900. A. pseudobuttons from lateral body wall; B. side view of pseudobuttons from lateral body wall; C. reduced tables from body wall; D. three types from rosettes from body wall; E. rods from body wall; F. plates from ventral podia; G. plates from dorsal podia; H. rods from dorsal podia; I. plate­like rods from dorsal podia; J. rods from ventral podia; K. minute rods from ventral podia; L. rosettes from introvert; M. mulberry­like rosettes from tentacles; N. rods from tentacles; O. rods from gonad; P. tables from anal region; Q. side view of tables from anal tables; R. rosette­like plates and rods from cloacal muscles; S. part of end­plate; T. madreporite; U. calcareous ring. A­R scale a." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/172921/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Figure 4</figureCitation>
H, K) and pseudobuttons, identical to those of body wall but slightly larger (31–164 µm, mean 79 µm), other more specialized plate­like rods (82–200 µm, mean 130 µm) (
<figureCitation id="0EC82A580A755755FAB791B0F4D2FAEB" box="[1160,1265,484,510]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="14.[264,368,1224,1248]" captionTargetBox="[548,1021,533,1206]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[538,1050,523,1209]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 4. Selenkiella paradoxa Cherbonnier, 1970. SAM­A 27900. A. pseudobuttons from lateral body wall; B. side view of pseudobuttons from lateral body wall; C. reduced tables from body wall; D. three types from rosettes from body wall; E. rods from body wall; F. plates from ventral podia; G. plates from dorsal podia; H. rods from dorsal podia; I. plate­like rods from dorsal podia; J. rods from ventral podia; K. minute rods from ventral podia; L. rosettes from introvert; M. mulberry­like rosettes from tentacles; N. rods from tentacles; O. rods from gonad; P. tables from anal region; Q. side view of tables from anal tables; R. rosette­like plates and rods from cloacal muscles; S. part of end­plate; T. madreporite; U. calcareous ring. A­R scale a." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/172921/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
Figure
<date id="E24D101D0A755755FADE91B0F4D2FAEB" box="[1249,1265,484,510]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">4</date>
</figureCitation>
I, J), better developed ventrally, with a series of perforations along their length or with one or two perforations at ends, as well as typical, elongated (112–216 µm, mean 156 µm), multilocular plates (
<figureCitation id="0EC82A580A755755FFCA9208F279F963" box="[501,602,604,630]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="14.[264,368,1224,1248]" captionTargetBox="[548,1021,533,1206]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[538,1050,523,1209]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 4. Selenkiella paradoxa Cherbonnier, 1970. SAM­A 27900. A. pseudobuttons from lateral body wall; B. side view of pseudobuttons from lateral body wall; C. reduced tables from body wall; D. three types from rosettes from body wall; E. rods from body wall; F. plates from ventral podia; G. plates from dorsal podia; H. rods from dorsal podia; I. plate­like rods from dorsal podia; J. rods from ventral podia; K. minute rods from ventral podia; L. rosettes from introvert; M. mulberry­like rosettes from tentacles; N. rods from tentacles; O. rods from gonad; P. tables from anal region; Q. side view of tables from anal tables; R. rosette­like plates and rods from cloacal muscles; S. part of end­plate; T. madreporite; U. calcareous ring. A­R scale a." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/172921/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Figure 4</figureCitation>
F, G). Endplates up to 407 µm in diameter, with an irregular margin and numerous small to large holes scattered without any regular order (
<figureCitation id="0EC82A580A755755FA9C92D0F52AF98B" box="[1187,1289,644,670]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="14.[264,368,1224,1248]" captionTargetBox="[548,1021,533,1206]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[538,1050,523,1209]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 4. Selenkiella paradoxa Cherbonnier, 1970. SAM­A 27900. A. pseudobuttons from lateral body wall; B. side view of pseudobuttons from lateral body wall; C. reduced tables from body wall; D. three types from rosettes from body wall; E. rods from body wall; F. plates from ventral podia; G. plates from dorsal podia; H. rods from dorsal podia; I. plate­like rods from dorsal podia; J. rods from ventral podia; K. minute rods from ventral podia; L. rosettes from introvert; M. mulberry­like rosettes from tentacles; N. rods from tentacles; O. rods from gonad; P. tables from anal region; Q. side view of tables from anal tables; R. rosette­like plates and rods from cloacal muscles; S. part of end­plate; T. madreporite; U. calcareous ring. A­R scale a." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/172921/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Figure 4</figureCitation>
S). Tentacle deposits only comprise straight or curved slender rods (
<figureCitation id="0EC82A580A755755FA3C92F8F44BF9D3" box="[1027,1128,684,710]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="14.[264,368,1224,1248]" captionTargetBox="[548,1021,533,1206]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[538,1050,523,1209]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 4. Selenkiella paradoxa Cherbonnier, 1970. SAM­A 27900. A. pseudobuttons from lateral body wall; B. side view of pseudobuttons from lateral body wall; C. reduced tables from body wall; D. three types from rosettes from body wall; E. rods from body wall; F. plates from ventral podia; G. plates from dorsal podia; H. rods from dorsal podia; I. plate­like rods from dorsal podia; J. rods from ventral podia; K. minute rods from ventral podia; L. rosettes from introvert; M. mulberry­like rosettes from tentacles; N. rods from tentacles; O. rods from gonad; P. tables from anal region; Q. side view of tables from anal tables; R. rosette­like plates and rods from cloacal muscles; S. part of end­plate; T. madreporite; U. calcareous ring. A­R scale a." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/172921/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Figure 4</figureCitation>
N) (40–168 µm, mean 85 µm) with slightly expanded, digitated ends carrying one or two perforations, and rosettes (
<figureCitation id="0EC82A580A755755FF4E92A8F1F5F803" box="[369,470,764,790]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="14.[264,368,1224,1248]" captionTargetBox="[548,1021,533,1206]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[538,1050,523,1209]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 4. Selenkiella paradoxa Cherbonnier, 1970. SAM­A 27900. A. pseudobuttons from lateral body wall; B. side view of pseudobuttons from lateral body wall; C. reduced tables from body wall; D. three types from rosettes from body wall; E. rods from body wall; F. plates from ventral podia; G. plates from dorsal podia; H. rods from dorsal podia; I. plate­like rods from dorsal podia; J. rods from ventral podia; K. minute rods from ventral podia; L. rosettes from introvert; M. mulberry­like rosettes from tentacles; N. rods from tentacles; O. rods from gonad; P. tables from anal region; Q. side view of tables from anal tables; R. rosette­like plates and rods from cloacal muscles; S. part of end­plate; T. madreporite; U. calcareous ring. A­R scale a." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/172921/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Figure 4</figureCitation>
M) similar to those of body wall but slightly larger (26–93 µm, mean 51 µm). Introvert with only rosettes developed as minute (44–76 µm, mean 55 µm) branched rods (
<figureCitation id="0EC82A580A755755FF6F9318F19EF873" box="[336,445,844,870]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="14.[264,368,1224,1248]" captionTargetBox="[548,1021,533,1206]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[538,1050,523,1209]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 4. Selenkiella paradoxa Cherbonnier, 1970. SAM­A 27900. A. pseudobuttons from lateral body wall; B. side view of pseudobuttons from lateral body wall; C. reduced tables from body wall; D. three types from rosettes from body wall; E. rods from body wall; F. plates from ventral podia; G. plates from dorsal podia; H. rods from dorsal podia; I. plate­like rods from dorsal podia; J. rods from ventral podia; K. minute rods from ventral podia; L. rosettes from introvert; M. mulberry­like rosettes from tentacles; N. rods from tentacles; O. rods from gonad; P. tables from anal region; Q. side view of tables from anal tables; R. rosette­like plates and rods from cloacal muscles; S. part of end­plate; T. madreporite; U. calcareous ring. A­R scale a." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/172921/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Figure 4</figureCitation>
L). Cloacal suspensors with branched rods (35–82 µm, mean 52 µm) developed as ‘pseudobuttons’ or rosette­like spicules (
<figureCitation id="0EC82A580A755755FD9F9320F429F89B" box="[928,1034,884,910]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="14.[264,368,1224,1248]" captionTargetBox="[548,1021,533,1206]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[538,1050,523,1209]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 4. Selenkiella paradoxa Cherbonnier, 1970. SAM­A 27900. A. pseudobuttons from lateral body wall; B. side view of pseudobuttons from lateral body wall; C. reduced tables from body wall; D. three types from rosettes from body wall; E. rods from body wall; F. plates from ventral podia; G. plates from dorsal podia; H. rods from dorsal podia; I. plate­like rods from dorsal podia; J. rods from ventral podia; K. minute rods from ventral podia; L. rosettes from introvert; M. mulberry­like rosettes from tentacles; N. rods from tentacles; O. rods from gonad; P. tables from anal region; Q. side view of tables from anal tables; R. rosette­like plates and rods from cloacal muscles; S. part of end­plate; T. madreporite; U. calcareous ring. A­R scale a." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/172921/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Figure 4</figureCitation>
R). Gonad with slender rods bearing one or more processes (
<figureCitation id="0EC82A580A755755FCE993C8F362F8A3" box="[726,833,924,950]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="14.[264,368,1224,1248]" captionTargetBox="[548,1021,533,1206]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[538,1050,523,1209]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 4. Selenkiella paradoxa Cherbonnier, 1970. SAM­A 27900. A. pseudobuttons from lateral body wall; B. side view of pseudobuttons from lateral body wall; C. reduced tables from body wall; D. three types from rosettes from body wall; E. rods from body wall; F. plates from ventral podia; G. plates from dorsal podia; H. rods from dorsal podia; I. plate­like rods from dorsal podia; J. rods from ventral podia; K. minute rods from ventral podia; L. rosettes from introvert; M. mulberry­like rosettes from tentacles; N. rods from tentacles; O. rods from gonad; P. tables from anal region; Q. side view of tables from anal tables; R. rosette­like plates and rods from cloacal muscles; S. part of end­plate; T. madreporite; U. calcareous ring. A­R scale a." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/172921/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Figure 4</figureCitation>
O), sometimes developed as apophyses, resembling those of the spicules of some elasipodids, notably
<taxonomicName id="51F34D5E0A755755FDC89390F46EF8C8" box="[1015,1101,964,989]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Elpidiidae" genus="Elpidia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Elasipodida" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A487EACF0A755755FDC89390F46EF8C8" box="[1015,1101,964,989]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Elpidia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species. Retractor muscles without spicules.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="964C36DD0A755755FF379468F20AFFB3" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<table id="E4F3C47D0A75A8A5FF379468F50AFFB3" box="[264,1321,1084,1190]" gridcols="10" gridrows="3" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<tr id="28C3349F0A75A8A5FF379468F50AFF40" box="[264,1321,1084,1109]" gridrow="0" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-7="1" rowspan-8="1" rowspan-9="1">
<th id="6B125DE30A75A8A5FF379468F270FF40" box="[264,595,1084,1109]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<emphasis id="A487EACF0A755755FF379468F1B4FF40" box="[264,407,1084,1109]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Distribution</emphasis>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="28C3349F0A75A8A5FF379430F50AFF6B" box="[264,1321,1124,1150]" gridrow="1" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<th id="6B125DE30A75A8A5FF379430F270FF6B" box="[264,595,1124,1150]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">East coast of southern</th>
<td id="6B125DE30A75A8A5FC5C9430F2DEFF6B" box="[611,765,1124,1150]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Mozambique</td>
<td id="6B125DE30A75A8A5FD329430F314FF6B" box="[781,823,1124,1150]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">and</td>
<td id="6B125DE30A75A8A5FD789430F3A8FF6B" box="[839,907,1124,1150]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">South</td>
<td id="6B125DE30A75A8A5FDA49430F3C5FF6B" box="[923,998,1124,1150]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Africa</td>
<td id="6B125DE30A75A8A5FDC99430F403FF6B" box="[1014,1056,1124,1150]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">and</td>
<td id="6B125DE30A75A8A5FA0F9430F445FF6B" box="[1072,1126,1124,1150]" gridcol="6" gridrow="1" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">west</td>
<td id="6B125DE30A75A8A5FA4A9430F492FF6B" box="[1141,1201,1124,1150]" gridcol="7" gridrow="1" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">coast</td>
<td id="6B125DE30A75A8A5FAFE9430F4F9FF6B" box="[1217,1242,1124,1150]" gridcol="8" gridrow="1" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">of</td>
<td id="6B125DE30A75A8A5FAD69430F50AFF6B" box="[1257,1321,1124,1150]" gridcol="9" gridrow="1" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">south</td>
</tr>
<tr id="28C3349F0A75A8A5FF3794D8F50AFFB3" box="[264,1321,1164,1190]" gridrow="2" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-7="1" rowspan-8="1" rowspan-9="1">
<th id="6B125DE30A75A8A5FF3794D8F270FFB3" box="[264,595,1164,1190]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Madagascar, up to 95 m.</th>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="964C36DD0A755755FF379488F142FFE0" blockId="15.[264,667,1244,1310]" box="[264,353,1244,1269]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<emphasis id="A487EACF0A755755FF379488F142FFE0" box="[264,353,1244,1269]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Habitat</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="964C36DD0A755755FF079550F2B8FE0B" blockId="15.[264,667,1244,1310]" box="[312,667,1284,1310]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fine sand, mud and seaweeds.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="DEE965560A75574AFF379500F172F95B" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="17" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="964C36DD0A755755FF379500F14DFE78" blockId="15.[264,1323,1364,1870]" box="[264,366,1364,1389]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<emphasis id="A487EACF0A755755FF379500F14DFE78" box="[264,366,1364,1389]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Remarks</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="964C36DD0A75574AFF079528F172F95B" blockId="15.[264,1323,1364,1870]" lastBlockId="16.[264,1323,284,590]" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="17" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
This species was based only on the
<typeStatus id="4948887F0A755755FD7B9528F388FE83" box="[836,939,1404,1430]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
collected from Morrumbene (
<collectingCountry id="EEE4764D0A755755FF2F95F0F18CFEAB" box="[272,431,1444,1470]" name="Mozambique" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Mozambique</collectingCountry>
) at
<quantity id="510B9B380A755755FFD695F0F219FEAB" box="[489,570,1444,1470]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="cm" value="35.0">35 cm</quantity>
(
<bibRefCitation id="F2624B2C0A755755FC6E95F0F313FEAB" author="Cherbonnier" box="[593,816,1444,1470]" pageId="15" pageNumber="47" refString="Cherbonnier, G. (1970) Nouvelles especes d' holothuries des cotes d' Afrique du Sud et du Mozambique. Bulletin du Museum national d' Histoire Naturelle, 2 nd series 42, 280 - 299." type="book chapter" year="1970">Cherbonnier 1970</bibRefCitation>
) but
<bibRefCitation id="F2624B2C0A755755FD4395F0F44EFEAB" author="Cherbonnier" box="[892,1133,1444,1470]" pageId="15" pageNumber="47" refString="Cherbonnier, G. (1988) Faune de Madagascar. Publice sous les auspices du Gouvernment de la Republique Malgache, 70, O. R. S. T. O. M, Paris, 292 pp." type="book" year="1988">Cherbonnier (1988)</bibRefCitation>
states that the
<typeStatus id="4948887F0A755755FF379598F14DFEF3" box="[264,366,1484,1510]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
came from a depth of
<specimenCount id="80F5FD540A755755FC439598F29CFEF3" box="[636,703,1484,1510]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="generic">
<quantity id="510B9B380A755755FC439598F298FEF3" box="[636,699,1484,1510]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="m" value="35.0">35 m</quantity>
.
</specimenCount>
The latter depth record hence appears to be a lapsus calami as is also Thandar’ s (1990) depth record of
<quantity id="510B9B380A755755FD5795A0F390FD1B" box="[872,947,1524,1550]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="m" value="4.0" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="3.0">3–5 m</quantity>
for the
<typeStatus id="4948887F0A755755FA2F95A0F459FD1B" box="[1040,1146,1524,1550]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
. The species is also reported to occur at Inhaca Island, off Maputo (
<collectingCountry id="EEE4764D0A755755FD439648F43EFD23" box="[892,1053,1564,1590]" name="Mozambique" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Mozambique</collectingCountry>
), but this could not be confirmed. Hence the second definite record of the species is that of
<bibRefCitation id="F2624B2C0A755755FA059610F505FD4B" author="Cherbonnier" box="[1082,1318,1604,1630]" pageId="15" pageNumber="47" refString="Cherbonnier, G. (1988) Faune de Madagascar. Publice sous les auspices du Gouvernment de la Republique Malgache, 70, O. R. S. T. O. M, Paris, 292 pp." type="book" year="1988">Cherbonnier (1988)</bibRefCitation>
, based on seven specimens collected from Tuléar (
<collectingCountry id="EEE4764D0A755755FD4F9638F420FD93" box="[880,1027,1644,1670]" name="Madagascar" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
). The present specimens from around Durban thus extend the known distribution of the species, and also double its recorded size. Both
<bibRefCitation id="F2624B2C0A755755FC2796E8F32EFDC3" author="Cherbonnier" box="[536,781,1724,1750]" pageId="15" pageNumber="47" refString="Cherbonnier, G. (1970) Nouvelles especes d' holothuries des cotes d' Afrique du Sud et du Mozambique. Bulletin du Museum national d' Histoire Naturelle, 2 nd series 42, 280 - 299." type="book chapter" year="1970">Cherbonnier (1970)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="F2624B2C0A755755FD6096E8F400FDC3" author="Thandar" box="[863,1059,1724,1750]" pageId="15" pageNumber="50" refString="Thandar, A. S. (1990) The phyllophorid holothurians of southern Africa with the erection of a new genus. South African Journal of Zoology, 25, 207 - 223." type="journal article" year="1990">Thandar (1990)</bibRefCitation>
compare this wellcharacterised species with its two congenors,
<taxonomicName id="51F34D5E0A755755FD1496B0F4DBFDEB" authority="Heding and Panning 1954" authorityName="Heding and Panning" authorityYear="1954" box="[811,1272,1764,1790]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Phyllophoridae" genus="Selenkiella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="siamense">
<emphasis id="A487EACF0A755755FD1496B0F396FDE8" box="[811,949,1764,1789]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">S. siamense</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="F2624B2C0A755755FD8096B0F4DBFDEB" author="Heding" box="[959,1272,1764,1790]" pageId="15" pageNumber="48" refString="Heding, S. G. &amp; Panning, A. (1954) Phyllophoridae. Eine Bearbeitung der polytentaculaten dendrochiroten holothurien des Zoologischen Museums in Kopenhagen. Spolia Zooligica Museums, Hauniensis, 13, 7 - 209." type="journal article" year="1954">Heding and Panning 1954</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, the
<typeStatus id="4948887F0A755755FF379758F119FC33" box="[264,314,1804,1830]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">type</typeStatus>
species, and
<taxonomicName id="51F34D5E0A755755FFEA9758F384FC33" authority="Heding and Panning 1954" authorityName="Heding and Panning" authorityYear="1954" box="[469,935,1804,1830]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Phyllophoridae" genus="Selenkiella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="malayense">
<emphasis id="A487EACF0A755755FFEA9758F24EFC30" box="[469,621,1804,1829]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">S. malayense</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="F2624B2C0A755755FC4B9758F384FC33" author="Heding" box="[628,935,1804,1830]" pageId="15" pageNumber="48" refString="Heding, S. G. &amp; Panning, A. (1954) Phyllophoridae. Eine Bearbeitung der polytentaculaten dendrochiroten holothurien des Zoologischen Museums in Kopenhagen. Spolia Zooligica Museums, Hauniensis, 13, 7 - 209." type="journal article" year="1954">Heding and Panning 1954</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
<bibRefCitation id="F2624B2C0A755755FD8C9758F4B1FC33" author="Cherbonnier" box="[947,1170,1804,1830]" pageId="15" pageNumber="47" refString="Cherbonnier, G. (1970) Nouvelles especes d' holothuries des cotes d' Afrique du Sud et du Mozambique. Bulletin du Museum national d' Histoire Naturelle, 2 nd series 42, 280 - 299." type="book chapter" year="1970">Cherbonnier (1970</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="F2624B2C0A755755FAA19758F4F9FC33" author="Cherbonnier" box="[1182,1242,1804,1830]" pageId="15" pageNumber="47" refString="Cherbonnier, G. (1988) Faune de Madagascar. Publice sous les auspices du Gouvernment de la Republique Malgache, 70, O. R. S. T. O. M, Paris, 292 pp." type="book" year="1988">1988</bibRefCitation>
) states that the tentacles are in two circles of 15 large tentacles on the outside and 10 small tentacles on the inside. However, in the large specimen, described above, there are clearly five very small tentacles on the inside and 20 large tentacles, apparently arranged in two rings, on the outside. This difference may not be very significant as the arrangement cannot be clearly discerned if the tentacles are retracted. Also insignificant is the fragmentation of the interradial plates. These differences and a few others concerning the spicules may be geographic variations in this species which is well characterised by its pseudobuttons and rosettes in the body wall, and elongated multilocular plates in the podia.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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