332 lines
41 KiB
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332 lines
41 KiB
XML
<document ID-CLB-Dataset="5935" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1047.65735" ID-GBIF-Dataset="4078b31d-4bb5-4803-8dc6-8d0549f7a8f3" ID-PMC="PMC8257565" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1047-101" ID-Pensoft-UUID="199EAC1979F8501BB42D0A51CD52BB67" ID-PubMed="34248368" ID-ZooBank="12E8706355C44D5F821853F867E27908" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1047-101" checkinTime="1624985779365" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Sutcharit, Chirasak & Panha, Somsak" docDate="2021" docId="7B5832749EFD5408BE905A11F79615A0" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1047: 101-154" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1047" docPubDate="2021-06-28" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1047.65735" docTitle="Hemiplecta Albers 1850" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" id="199EAC1979F8501BB42D0A51CD52BB67" lastPageNumber="101" masterDocId="199EAC1979F8501BB42D0A51CD52BB67" masterDocTitle="Systematic review of the dextral Hemiplecta Albers, 1850 (Eupulmonata, Ariophantidae) from Thailand with description of a new species and list of all the Indochinese species" masterLastPageNumber="154" masterPageNumber="101" pageNumber="101" updateTime="1732754143931" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="7E36EA205751CD00079FC59DD5E83B73">Systematic review of the dextral Hemiplecta Albers, 1850 (Eupulmonata, Ariophantidae) from Thailand with description of a new species and list of all the Indochinese species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="6270167687F503E9D88F3F1DE9ACFD49">Sutcharit, Chirasak</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="FAA12B9B1D9D4F6D59D2BFAC1EC1F6C0">Animal Systematics Research Unit, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="0793420711668A2550CE920CDAC1DE91" type="email">jirasak4@yahoo.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="B9733D01A6DC104CC56C75CADD62F8E3">Panha, Somsak</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="B469B2EEBDDD297210E1BF5E7A4DDDB4">Animal Systematics Research Unit, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand & Academy of Science, The Royal Society of Thailand, Bangkok 10300, Thailand</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="A80DC9CF3A2E2B4D5528052508B0BE8A">ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="7665B3E01C3484EDE22F5EE00497D617">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="4519F053B6CA4C9F0EBCC2A79831ECEE">2021-06-28</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="43DFA51A6899582F8A4425CD7CB85956">1047</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="ABCC9F4CD3663A71C987BD6356043710">101</mods:start>
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<mods:identifier id="8E9001B94745A970C5F39A43BF8A2E59" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1047.65735</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="7B5832749EFD5408BE905A11F79615A0" ID-GBIF-Taxon="183203206" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7B5832749EFD5408BE905A11F79615A0" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/7B5832749EFD5408BE905A11F79615A0" lastPageNumber="101" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" scope_family="Ariophantidae" scope_superOrder="Eupulmonata">
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<subSubSection id="0A96CAF31BEC6ABBC62774B46CAA7FD1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="B81BB9C7A3CA25DC51A3E647010A9D28" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName id="89E44B94C550639DCD58785B9A88F663" ID-CoL="7P524" LSID="7B583274-9EFD-5408-BE90-5A11F79615A0" authority="Albers, 1850" authorityName="Albers" authorityYear="1850" class="Gastropoda" family="Ariophantidae" genus="Hemiplecta" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hemiplecta" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Hemiplecta Albers, 1850</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="FC037FF13D1042DFB46283BED839ECB3" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="AF4B3D84535C523755517ECEA44167F5" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
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<taxonomicName id="2DE9475C3BB5710C85ED1E94A886891C" authorityName="Albers" authorityYear="1850" class="Gastropoda" family="Ariophantidae" genus="Hemiplecta" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hemiplecta" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Hemiplecta</taxonomicName>
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Albers, 1850: 60, 61.
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<bibRefCitation id="98FF23603F6C93FCC79662119CE1E39E" DOI="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.11218" author="Albers, JC" journalOrPublisher="Verlag von Wilhem Engelmann, Berlin" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" refId="B4" refString="Albers, JC, 1860. Die Heliceen, nach Natuerlicher Verwandtschaft Systematisch Geordnet. Verlag von Wilhem Engelmann, Berlin, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.11218" title="Die Heliceen, nach Natuerlicher Verwandtschaft Systematisch Geordnet." url="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.11218" year="1860">Albers 1860</bibRefCitation>
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: 52, 53.
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<bibRefCitation id="AAA115757D78EA079003C22C64E96555" author="Godwin-Austen, HH" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" pagination="151 - 158" refId="B29" refString="Godwin-Austen, HH, 1888b. Notes on and drawings of the animals of various Indian land Mollusca (Pulmonifera). Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal 49: 151 - 158" title="Notes on and drawings of the animals of various Indian land Mollusca (Pulmonifera)." volume="49" year="1888 b">Godwin-Austen 1888b</bibRefCitation>
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: 155-157. Godwin-Austen 1898: 70, 71.
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<bibRefCitation id="B329CDFF95BBBF39240830BEC21E3B62" author="Zilch, A" journalOrPublisher="Folia Malacologica" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" refId="B135" refString="Zilch, A, 1959. Gastropoda, Euthyneura. In: Schindewolf OH (Ed.) Handbuch der Palaeozoologie 6: 1-400. Gebrueder Borntraeger, Berlin." title="Gastropoda, Euthyneura. In: Schindewolf OH (Ed.) Handbuch der Palaeozoologie 6: 1 - 400. Gebrueder Borntraeger, Berlin." year="1959">Zilch 1959</bibRefCitation>
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: 317.
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<bibRefCitation id="AE6083AC2CE715C41437459856EF805F" author="Schileyko, AA" journalOrPublisher="Materialien zur Naturgeschichte der Insel Celebes" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" refId="B106" refString="Schileyko, AA, 2002. Treatise on Recent terrestrial pulmonate molluscs: Helicarionidae, Gymnarionidae, Rhysotinidae, Ariophantidae. Ruthenica, Supplement 2, Part 9: 1167-1307." title="Treatise on Recent terrestrial pulmonate molluscs: Helicarionidae, Gymnarionidae, Rhysotinidae, Ariophantidae. Ruthenica, Supplement 2, Part 9: 1167 - 1307." year="2002">Schileyko 2002</bibRefCitation>
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: 1282, 1283.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="3D1AE8FDAF957F04FD71A1043C325F7C" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
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<taxonomicName id="11D20485DF32897D10D28923FD87AC8A" authority="" class="Gastropoda" family="Ariophantidae" genus="Nanina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nanina (Hemiplecta)" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Hemiplecta">Nanina (Hemiplecta)</taxonomicName>
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-
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<bibRefCitation id="B72B8CF075A635434DEF2BC6EBF05ED3" author="Adams, H" journalOrPublisher="John Van Voorst, Paternoster Row, London" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" refId="B2" refString="Adams, H, Adams, A, 1858. The Genera of Recent Mollusca (Vol. 2). John Van Voorst, Paternoster Row, London" title="The Genera of Recent Mollusca (Vol. 2)." year="1858">Adams and Adams 1858</bibRefCitation>
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: 222.
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<bibRefCitation id="CA3A1E559E2781FA09F716F0C04E3D1B" DOI="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.11957" author="Nevill, G" journalOrPublisher="Calcutta, Trustees" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" refId="B77" refString="Nevill, G, 1878. Hand list of Mollusca in the Indian Museum, Calcutta. Calcutta, Trustees, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.11957" title="Hand list of Mollusca in the Indian Museum, Calcutta." url="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.11957" year="1878">Nevill 1878</bibRefCitation>
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: 46-48.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="68C2DD0BFB2BAAFD042B412E5801F485" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
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<taxonomicName id="DC17077CC1E85056F3609C9BC2528323" authorityName="Godwin-Austen" authorityYear="1919" class="Gastropoda" family="Ariophantidae" genus="Koratia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Koratia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Koratia</taxonomicName>
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Godwin-Austen, 1919: 202. Type species:
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<taxonomicName id="E199C66AFF852402C85A2A8446BC6F0F" authorityName="L. Pfeiffer" authorityYear="1850" class="Gastropoda" family="Ariophantidae" genus="Helix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helix distincta" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="distincta">Helix distincta</taxonomicName>
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Pfeiffer, 1850, by monotypy.
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<bibRefCitation id="A37C65ECDA23722C4679C495FDB58DB7" author="Schileyko, AA" journalOrPublisher="Materialien zur Naturgeschichte der Insel Celebes" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" refId="B106" refString="Schileyko, AA, 2002. Treatise on Recent terrestrial pulmonate molluscs: Helicarionidae, Gymnarionidae, Rhysotinidae, Ariophantidae. Ruthenica, Supplement 2, Part 9: 1167-1307." title="Treatise on Recent terrestrial pulmonate molluscs: Helicarionidae, Gymnarionidae, Rhysotinidae, Ariophantidae. Ruthenica, Supplement 2, Part 9: 1167 - 1307." year="2002">Schileyko 2002</bibRefCitation>
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: 1281, 1282.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8003ECC8C502F1AB9A1B234A64329A85" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
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<taxonomicName id="E2CA3BA30C0A8E69395BE2B1C54E4863" authority="" class="Gastropoda" family="Ariophantidae" genus="Hemiplecta" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hemiplecta (Koratia)" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Koratia">Hemiplecta (Koratia)</taxonomicName>
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-
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<bibRefCitation id="16C843968EDDF213C21FAEE66D92F040" author="Zilch, A" journalOrPublisher="Folia Malacologica" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" refId="B135" refString="Zilch, A, 1959. Gastropoda, Euthyneura. In: Schindewolf OH (Ed.) Handbuch der Palaeozoologie 6: 1-400. Gebrueder Borntraeger, Berlin." title="Gastropoda, Euthyneura. In: Schindewolf OH (Ed.) Handbuch der Palaeozoologie 6: 1 - 400. Gebrueder Borntraeger, Berlin." year="1959">Zilch 1959</bibRefCitation>
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: 317. Vaught 1989: 97.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8E117F9714BC78F7EB5AF4F02BC0EA6D" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
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<taxonomicName id="64593B9857A606B36FBCBCA5D1C3B55D" authority="" class="Gastropoda" family="Ariophantidae" genus="Ariophanta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ariophanta (Semperia)" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Semperia">Ariophanta (Semperia)</taxonomicName>
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Godwin-Austen, 1898: 82 [non
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<bibRefCitation id="54E2C03CB239196FB8367AB690B3BD66" author="Crosse, H" journalOrPublisher="Journal de Conchyliologie" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" pagination="74 - 78" refId="B21" refString="Crosse, H, 1867. Description ďun genre nouveau de la famille des Fissurellidae. Journal de Conchyliologie 15: 74 - 78" title="Description ďun genre nouveau de la famille des Fissurellidae." volume="15" year="1867">Crosse 1867</bibRefCitation>
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: 74, 75]. Type species.
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<taxonomicName id="70C1CD33D7C9229F8F61AE0ADC9634D9" authorityName="A.A.Gould" authorityYear="1843" class="Gastropoda" family="Ariophantidae" genus="Helix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helix retrorsa" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="retrorsa">Helix retrorsa</taxonomicName>
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Gould, 1843; by original designation.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8BC128919BFAC7F5973FEDC36DE431DF" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" type="type species">
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<paragraph id="C4FCAA4CA1FE97F15A5E2A9B646A9342" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Type species.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="5109F89F7E20A4FBC417235700515418" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
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<taxonomicName id="652CEEAFEFEFEFCCC4D367F28149D64D" class="Gastropoda" family="Ariophantidae" genus="Helix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helix humphreysiana" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="humphreysiana">
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<emphasis id="E9FD6298E84DAAA79A605D6C23EBA87B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Helix humphreysiana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Lea, 1840; subsequent designation by Martens in
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<bibRefCitation id="49EA68AAE58FC246FB6DD2CEAD96CFEF" DOI="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.11218" author="Albers, JC" journalOrPublisher="Verlag von Wilhem Engelmann, Berlin" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" refId="B4" refString="Albers, JC, 1860. Die Heliceen, nach Natuerlicher Verwandtschaft Systematisch Geordnet. Verlag von Wilhem Engelmann, Berlin, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.11218" title="Die Heliceen, nach Natuerlicher Verwandtschaft Systematisch Geordnet." url="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.11218" year="1860">Albers (1860)</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C7CB3FAAADBEA30991232B3681EF33E3" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="E7300397092230C58865FB9913409655" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="6AC29A9BDC4ED2C50748677CFAE0C9FA" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Shell dextral or sinistral, medium to large in size (width about 25 to 75 mm) and monochrome to with stripes, or banding patterns. Apertural lip simple to slightly thickened in adult snails; umbilicus open. Genitalia include penial sheath, straight or coiled epiphallic caecum and short flagellum; penial verge may be present or absent. Dart apparatus well developed; gametolytic sac bulbous to elliptical-shaped (without distinct duct). Mantle edge well developed with or without shell lobes. Jaw smooth (without vertical ribs) and crescentic. Radula with unicuspid central teeth, and bicuspid lateral and marginal teeth.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="73AE9E02E7E54243D8391807A215A3C5" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" type="remarks">
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<paragraph id="8191C47756F9EF475C0052A049D07C62" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="DEC37964D7067679DF64833DCC6287C8" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
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Due to the high degree of similarity in shell morphology, the specific and generic classification within
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<taxonomicName id="F0E2C93D46BA4ABF27896656B1A47C18" class="Gastropoda" family="Ariophantidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Mollusca" rank="family">Ariophantidae</taxonomicName>
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is usually problematic. There are at least three nominal genera that are often confused,
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<taxonomicName id="4B306524F0DBACDDECB6E3FE51F70EE0" class="Gastropoda" family="Ariophantidae" genus="Nanina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nanina" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="57EF3FC7345873593DA62C5FF4B088E8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Nanina</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Gray, 1834,
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<taxonomicName id="74F9C4F1BFF6B5F7DC83BCC373F3A9C5" authorityName="Des Moulins" authorityYear="1829" class="Gastropoda" family="Ariophantidae" genus="Ariophanta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ariophanta" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="774A2C588843AA67733FC4CF93815470" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Ariophanta</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Des Moulins, 1829 and
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<taxonomicName id="45A48FDB102844D498A8D153E3462A2F" authorityName="Morch" authorityYear="1872" class="Gastropoda" family="Ariophantidae" genus="Cryptozona" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cryptozona" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="63D2812443136E6F3D9EFBA5FB6CDA5E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Cryptozona</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<normalizedToken id="0A0F548B1856C731598D9DB9DF3A2FCD" originalValue="Mörch">Moerch</normalizedToken>
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, 1872. The genitalia have proved to be the distinguishing characters for specific or generic recognition among the
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<taxonomicName id="6A0376A6B8CDEC996C73909968B280E6" class="Gastropoda" family="Ariophantidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Mollusca" rank="family">Ariophantidae</taxonomicName>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="97710FE7AD0CCB9E0F8DB0A5DF3FCB78" author="Laidlaw, FF" journalOrPublisher="Proceeding of the Malacological Society of London" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" pagination="80 - 94" refId="B54" refString="Laidlaw, FF, 1932a. Notes on Ariophantidae from the Malay Peninsula, with descriptions of new genera. Proceeding of the Malacological Society of London 20: 80 - 94" title="Notes on Ariophantidae from the Malay Peninsula, with descriptions of new genera." volume="20" year="1932 a">Laidlaw 1932a</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="3C94459D419E687DF057D2618B8553A1" author="Solem, A" journalOrPublisher="Spolia Zoologica Musei Hauniensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" pagination="1 - 110" refId="B114" refString="Solem, A, 1966. Some non-marine mollusks from Thailand, with notes on classification of the Helicarionidae. Spolia Zoologica Musei Hauniensis 24: 1 - 110" title="Some non-marine mollusks from Thailand, with notes on classification of the Helicarionidae." volume="24" year="1966">Solem 1966</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="FFB85615DB9EB40E0E4027F048FF750B" author="Sutcharit, C" journalOrPublisher="Raffles Bulletin of Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" pagination="95 - 100" refId="B120" refString="Sutcharit, C, Panha, S, 2008. Taxonomic revaluation of Sarika diadema (Dall, 1897) and Sarika asamurai (Panha, 1997), two endemic land snails from Thailand (Pulmonata: Ariophantidae: Macrochlamydinae). Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 56: 95 - 100" title="Taxonomic revaluation of Sarika diadema (Dall, 1897) and Sarika asamurai (Panha, 1997), two endemic land snails from Thailand (Pulmonata: Ariophantidae: Macrochlamydinae)." volume="56" year="2008">Sutcharit and Panha 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
|
). However, only a few species of each genus have been anatomically examined. Based on this limited anatomical information, the unique characters taken from the type species are summarized in Table
|
|
<tableCitation id="CDD0ACB953E90176B6D174426FF7F8AF" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="T1" captionText="Table 1. Comparison of shell and genitalia characters among four genera of Ariophantidae, mainly based on the characteristics of the type species. The superscript numbers are the references: 1 = Schileyko (2002), Thiele (1931), Zilch (1959), 2 = Blanford and Godwin-Austen (1908), 3 = Wiegmann (1898), Sarasin and Sarasin (1899), 4 = Godwin-Austen (1899), and 5 = Sutcharit et al. (2021), present study." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/63501D9B2BFA5D42294B07CBA85FE5D1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" tableUuid="63501D9B2BFA5D42294B07CBA85FE5D1">1</tableCitation>
|
|
. The genus
|
|
<taxonomicName id="1EFB46E7E4CE07A77346C7EECB758D97" authorityName="Albers" authorityYear="1850" class="Gastropoda" family="Ariophantidae" genus="Hemiplecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hemiplecta" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
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|
<emphasis id="BA9DF5D58913419FA916AF5AD94F02EF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Hemiplecta</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
can be differentiated from these three genera by lacking a gametolytic duct, while the others possess a short to long gametolytic duct.
|
|
<taxonomicName id="045ACD1B2CA1469EFC1B3197A2766422" authorityName="Albers" authorityYear="1850" class="Gastropoda" family="Ariophantidae" genus="Hemiplecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hemiplecta" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
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|
<emphasis id="E25A4205B706C47301C7B61141F5F20B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Hemiplecta</emphasis>
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|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
also differs from
|
|
<taxonomicName id="923F78E298C070EFD6A77317DA1F60F8" authorityName="Des Moulins" authorityYear="1829" class="Gastropoda" family="Ariophantidae" genus="Ariophanta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ariophanta" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
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|
<emphasis id="D32C9B41EA98AD54181C817C47177A9F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Ariophanta</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
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|
<taxonomicName id="07B574060EC4258AF574554E5873118E" authorityName="Morch" authorityYear="1872" class="Gastropoda" family="Ariophantidae" genus="Cryptozona" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cryptozona" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="749428BE84920010D39AC2FF8CC4CCCC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Cryptozona</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
by having unicuspid central teeth, very short or absent flagellum, and a mantle edge with shell lobes; while the latter two genera have tricuspid central teeth, long flagellum, and a mantle edge without shell lobes. In addition,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="F7E4C1B5ABB329CC2979A3CE8091164D" authorityName="Albers" authorityYear="1850" class="Gastropoda" family="Ariophantidae" genus="Hemiplecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hemiplecta" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
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|
<emphasis id="83458AC7FC196AF9F0A96A94CC2A6B09" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Hemiplecta</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
can be distinguished from
|
|
<taxonomicName id="1A859E49B6E75A80E933F43F53AB629C" class="Gastropoda" family="Ariophantidae" genus="Nanina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nanina" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
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|
<emphasis id="68952A336D80D8929AAA53A39A373142" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Nanina</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
by its short flagellum (Table
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|
<tableCitation id="5BDBF7BFC0A61746BF785B6BB5341F11" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="T1" captionText="Table 1. Comparison of shell and genitalia characters among four genera of Ariophantidae, mainly based on the characteristics of the type species. The superscript numbers are the references: 1 = Schileyko (2002), Thiele (1931), Zilch (1959), 2 = Blanford and Godwin-Austen (1908), 3 = Wiegmann (1898), Sarasin and Sarasin (1899), 4 = Godwin-Austen (1899), and 5 = Sutcharit et al. (2021), present study." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/63501D9B2BFA5D42294B07CBA85FE5D1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" tableUuid="63501D9B2BFA5D42294B07CBA85FE5D1">1</tableCitation>
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).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<caption id="63501D9B2BFA5D42294B07CBA85FE5D1" ID-Table-UUID="63501D9B2BFA5D42294B07CBA85FE5D1" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/63501D9B2BFA5D42294B07CBA85FE5D1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" start="Table 1" startId="T1">
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|
<paragraph id="98A49B59574C34848F1C56BFC87AF9D3" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
|
|
<emphasis id="E086B10B29379AD6CE14DC0D85C1BD08" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Table 1.</emphasis>
|
|
Comparison of shell and genitalia characters among four genera of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="342F4E785F4487800908F718F366BBB4" class="Gastropoda" family="Ariophantidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Mollusca" rank="family">Ariophantidae</taxonomicName>
|
|
, mainly based on the characteristics of the type species. The superscript numbers are the references: 1 =
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="BF000B2FE0AD4F501154358930D6ED64" author="Schileyko, AA" journalOrPublisher="Materialien zur Naturgeschichte der Insel Celebes" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" refId="B106" refString="Schileyko, AA, 2002. Treatise on Recent terrestrial pulmonate molluscs: Helicarionidae, Gymnarionidae, Rhysotinidae, Ariophantidae. Ruthenica, Supplement 2, Part 9: 1167-1307." title="Treatise on Recent terrestrial pulmonate molluscs: Helicarionidae, Gymnarionidae, Rhysotinidae, Ariophantidae. Ruthenica, Supplement 2, Part 9: 1167 - 1307." year="2002">Schileyko (2002)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
,
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="DC30BB5A08A0215E1901ECE332B49395" author="Thiele, J" journalOrPublisher="Gustav Fischer, Jena" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" refId="B129" refString="Thiele, J, 1931. Handbuch der systematischen Weichtierkunde Theil 1. Gustav Fischer, Jena" title="Handbuch der systematischen Weichtierkunde Theil 1." year="1931">Thiele (1931)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
,
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="0FDE039F58F9DA3748E9B24417EF6851" author="Zilch, A" journalOrPublisher="Folia Malacologica" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" refId="B135" refString="Zilch, A, 1959. Gastropoda, Euthyneura. In: Schindewolf OH (Ed.) Handbuch der Palaeozoologie 6: 1-400. Gebrueder Borntraeger, Berlin." title="Gastropoda, Euthyneura. In: Schindewolf OH (Ed.) Handbuch der Palaeozoologie 6: 1 - 400. Gebrueder Borntraeger, Berlin." year="1959">Zilch (1959)</bibRefCitation>
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|
, 2 =
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|
<bibRefCitation id="19AA851F4EF141D24ED95454019B4897" author="Blanford, WT" journalOrPublisher="Taylor and Francis, London" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" refId="B16" refString="Blanford, WT, Godwin-Austen, HH, 1908. The Fauna of British India, Including Ceylon and Burma. Mollusca. Testacellidae and Zonitidae. Taylor and Francis, London" title="The Fauna of British India, Including Ceylon and Burma. Mollusca. Testacellidae and Zonitidae." year="1908">Blanford and Godwin-Austen (1908)</bibRefCitation>
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|
, 3 =
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|
<bibRefCitation id="EAB50C5E37785555679F46E8E35B7568" author="Wiegmann, F" journalOrPublisher="Abhandlungen der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" pagination="289 - 557" refId="B133" refString="Wiegmann, F, 1898. Ergebnisse Einer Zoologischen Forschungsreise in den Molukken und Borneo. Landmollusken (Stylommatophoren). Zootomischer Teil. Abhandlungen der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft 24: 289 - 557" title="Ergebnisse Einer Zoologischen Forschungsreise in den Molukken und Borneo. Landmollusken (Stylommatophoren). Zootomischer Teil." volume="24" year="1898">Wiegmann (1898)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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|
<bibRefCitation id="F1AF60E7981508B5971A1925DE4A9095" DOI="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.53476" author="Sarasin, P" journalOrPublisher="Materialien zur Naturgeschichte der Insel Celebes" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" pagination="1 - 248" refId="B105" refString="Sarasin, P, Sarasin, F, 1899. Die Land-Mollusken von Celebes. Materialien zur Naturgeschichte der Insel Celebes 2: 1 - 248, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.53476" title="Die Land-Mollusken von Celebes." url="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.53476" volume="2" year="1899">Sarasin and Sarasin (1899)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
, 4 = Godwin-Austen (1899), and 5 =
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="3A741E4C63FB875CC1A60345133CCE8F" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1163/18759866-BJA10016" author="Sutcharit, C" journalOrPublisher="Contributions to Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" pagination="183 - 215" refId="B119" refString="Sutcharit, C, Jeratthitikul, E, Tongkerd, P, Panha, S, 2021. Reassessment and systematic position of the sinistral snails of genus Hemiplecta from Thailand (Eupulmonata: Ariophantidae), with description of two new species. Contributions to Zoology 90: 183 - 215, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1163/18759866-BJA10016" title="Reassessment and systematic position of the sinistral snails of genus Hemiplecta from Thailand (Eupulmonata: Ariophantidae), with description of two new species." url="https://doi.org/10.1163/18759866-BJA10016" volume="90" year="2021">Sutcharit et al. (2021)</bibRefCitation>
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, present study.
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|
</paragraph>
|
|
</caption>
|
|
<paragraph id="6CB3AEA9CFD42DBABF04C4512C5A0430" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
|
|
<table id="F83EA108ABEE0203B5F40E33078847DF" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
|
|
<tr id="6F80814ED776DC02D4E5AC8E2FBC85AA" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
|
|
<td id="E7089A17E792900205B1DD164FBF0E4D" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">
|
|
<emphasis id="0406D43593B31C8D34183F57CCE57843" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Characters</emphasis>
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|
</td>
|
|
<td id="629F7934822C9688115CCCFD698EE732" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">
|
|
<emphasis id="DEFF08519F074155A47249F482F79683" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
|
|
<taxonomicName id="27F9E5BAE47A8811BF61D19F3680101F" authorityName="Des Moulins" authorityYear="1829" class="Gastropoda" family="Ariophantidae" genus="Ariophanta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ariophanta" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="7D093FB6C47443FC3FD508A2FFA9F3CC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Ariophanta</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
Des Moulins, 18291,2
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td id="AECADDFB7332E484004AA6EDF3A770B3" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">
|
|
<emphasis id="6FD26440DD93C1260B20F48B64F98E29" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
|
|
<taxonomicName id="DC557D80BAF4D37BCC6235034C99CFAE" class="Gastropoda" family="Ariophantidae" genus="Nanina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nanina" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="2B736CDB7EFACC0D5F346A7FDB866C9E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Nanina</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
Gray, 18341,3
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td id="6EE2AA3D6593105DD8461788E1EDD9DC" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">
|
|
<emphasis id="702673EA7EEDBDD4D69A514DFCDFCD1E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
|
|
<taxonomicName id="47503EA359DD040AB2F4403215E91678" authorityName="Albers" authorityYear="1850" class="Gastropoda" family="Ariophantidae" genus="Hemiplecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hemiplecta" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="411266843C961DA3AC5E841F82FDA74D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Hemiplecta</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
Albers, 18501,2,5
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td id="9C060CEA1007CAFCC2C26C086FC692C0" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">
|
|
<emphasis id="0ED7D93A16B7410403ABEA6ADD5DBBA7" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
|
|
<taxonomicName id="8CD6D110A9D2E56242C6CB339796A2CE" authorityName="Morch" authorityYear="1872" class="Gastropoda" family="Ariophantidae" genus="Cryptozona" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cryptozona" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="8BB1CF0FA044E469A50807EC07DA8E77" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Cryptozona</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
<normalizedToken id="FD91A3E8FB53A8F2FCD9727343528601" originalValue="Mörch">Moerch</normalizedToken>
|
|
, 18721,4
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr id="E1BBB1CE1491043184DC818A373614CF" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
|
|
<td id="9576F449AF07C19850FFD19DB73029C0" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">Gametolytic duct</td>
|
|
<td id="F7AFC6760397007EBB38A67160B93EA7" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">Short</td>
|
|
<td id="BCE52E1185430CC343201A19D772CF35" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">long</td>
|
|
<td id="866C2BF261D6192787EDB26CCDF969CD" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">absent</td>
|
|
<td id="03E83AE4FD63B71A675ADFC6DB2B2891" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">short / absent</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr id="950F1834AFBA09AA8B4A37E89E0DECAE" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
|
|
<td id="A24ED86BD37D81E51D5DF38641BC9B45" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">Gametolytic sac</td>
|
|
<td id="4E5874C1B3E4C7033708C34383EA7370" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">Bulbous</td>
|
|
<td id="B5A5303ECB5C89252C07271C59D93548" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">bulbous</td>
|
|
<td id="AC676D9D12796184FC1D117E30E139F4" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">bulbous</td>
|
|
<td id="CE90D15ED4038F50107BC59490D4CD15" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">bulbous</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr id="C0DED59E980654B3E8558E8A97F41020" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
|
|
<td id="B509479E3D33F3957F6A23C16133707B" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">Epiphallus</td>
|
|
<td id="9E89811F44F8CE3308914C42E6F7416B" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">short, nearly absent</td>
|
|
<td id="089C91E5AC15FB9F0D8F99E85DA25B2A" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">long</td>
|
|
<td id="296EF81A66A8B4A724C2E305528AB8AF" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">long</td>
|
|
<td id="A197F85ABBE659DE3467778C1534EE06" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">long</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr id="525320A54AFA779EAA92ECF211E6F93C" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
|
|
<td id="D824037777CA19582810C25BCDFB603D" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">Epiphallic caecum</td>
|
|
<td id="82BCC2D25B93F185DBC90CC8277DC62F" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">long and straight</td>
|
|
<td id="166694F61AA457FA336BD14852F32320" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">short and straight</td>
|
|
<td id="3E5706F9AD9EE496955FB174D36F9113" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">long and straight or coiled</td>
|
|
<td id="5A7F63ACC20A78698F6414BC524031C6" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">long and straight</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr id="3EE34F57532ADBD744420733CCD508BD" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
|
|
<td id="8D8C5B43014BB462EA789CF708C0C569" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">Flagellum</td>
|
|
<td id="8F860E26FB17790EDCD7C7639EDA6175" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">very short or absent</td>
|
|
<td id="D498A0DC81883891156A2F9037F52793" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">long</td>
|
|
<td id="6C967908AC9D78C3EA25D7F5C6AE2F5A" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">short</td>
|
|
<td id="40823D8B1BE232FA8A2DFD15A33B9B02" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">short</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr id="ECDC3ADDAB64F54809BFEB866F4CEC12" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
|
|
<td id="81D4AFC41ABC7CD6C20547D8915C945A" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">Shell lobe</td>
|
|
<td id="B94384FBD12CB1B969599313E80F80B9" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">Absent</td>
|
|
<td id="8593E4A78F10C9068FD38CD70F6FBB98" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">present</td>
|
|
<td id="580520CFEA11760D1B13725B33256D16" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">present / absent</td>
|
|
<td id="1FFF5A28E6DB7FF7F3A3FFD0F2116F47" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">absent</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr id="D04262DAE05AC524557C87E348C96512" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
|
|
<td id="2A466B293199B21B1C626B70D1EDC27C" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">Shell coiling</td>
|
|
<td id="AB0F2018C4E775DAF446B995EC5A7D79" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">dextral / sinistral</td>
|
|
<td id="B833066FBFD6C9DB8CCDC6B2809F2E92" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">dextral</td>
|
|
<td id="96FC06C90128F820CEAD1713304840F4" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">dextral / sinistral</td>
|
|
<td id="4AC5517D0AD6E61198911052B2E471B1" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">dextral</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr id="330AFB9C3FAF4F14B895829E05CC4654" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
|
|
<td id="24C6F84F114E0608AEA84178DD205310" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">Central teeth</td>
|
|
<td id="C6175C44D85409274358B1AA75792117" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">Tricuspid</td>
|
|
<td id="264A2B0696316FF825DA68707F3C4601" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">unicuspid</td>
|
|
<td id="E7BB486ACCE8BF3A934DB6175DA4C534" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">unicuspid / tricuspid</td>
|
|
<td id="D4308A67EE92FB1180863C9D5CD324C2" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">tricuspid</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr id="5F9F5206A38BE3C9DEFD8108D399B72E" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
|
|
<td id="708784484B9B26025C8ABC7F5EB27C0C" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">Distribution</td>
|
|
<td id="C040361EAB80EB176D14106184ABA168" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">South Asia</td>
|
|
<td id="48F7E0E2AD972309846FA6E31AB6206C" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">Indonesia, New Guinea</td>
|
|
<td id="82307EE679AA155A25FC37EBB41427BA" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">Southeast Asia, New Guinea</td>
|
|
<td id="A0108202ED0E4280D6C4E0393EEE065C" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">South Asia, Indochina</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr id="A4BE3044A99063F20E353717B2A91254" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
|
|
<td id="D699951E86F564F6F8A9150D5D229623" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">Type species</td>
|
|
<td id="1921DFBB2FF682A23E5E8C6DED6228D9" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">
|
|
<taxonomicName id="7D08D8B8CC15ADC52DECB794EFB856C7" authorityName="O.F.Muller" authorityYear="1774" class="Gastropoda" family="Ariophantidae" genus="Helix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helix laevipes" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="laevipes">
|
|
<emphasis id="B9C7B95518FC5DC908942AA0D3A0F477" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Helix laevipes</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
<normalizedToken id="C7BE27F9F7D026530E8912600606B599" originalValue="Müller">Mueller</normalizedToken>
|
|
, 1774
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td id="1945C0E6A1D34936E4EFB73EAB98CAF1" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">
|
|
<taxonomicName id="B7B89B06BB15332D7C9F63D116595F1B" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Gastropoda" family="Ariophantidae" genus="Helix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helix citrina" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="citrina">
|
|
<emphasis id="DC49DB0A5BAAC668EEA96E75F2A53D47" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Helix citrina</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
Linnaeus, 1758
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td id="C9B218DFD6442DCB4762D81A34433D68" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">
|
|
<taxonomicName id="67EA63F8EA5A443D49B50973E62D986E" class="Gastropoda" family="Ariophantidae" genus="Helix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helix humphreysiana" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="humphreysiana">
|
|
<emphasis id="C142100AD9F1013FD9FCCBE62B02B445" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Helix humphreysiana</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
Lea, 1840
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td id="74934FC5FE51C6BC60FF0D591E251B75" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">
|
|
<taxonomicName id="9FBBD5DF669002625CB3D83739635F99" authorityName="Ferussac" authorityYear="1821" class="Gastropoda" family="Ariophantidae" genus="Helix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helix ligulata" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="ligulata">
|
|
<emphasis id="6E03DAFAC4FE74E690DDDB2B17D24834" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Helix ligulata</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
<normalizedToken id="004C58982A2B2D928846DB35312D8C5A" originalValue="Férussac">Ferussac</normalizedToken>
|
|
, 1819
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
</table>
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="03D23C11471D16852222EFD94BE3FC31" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" type="dextral species in thailand">
|
|
<paragraph id="2F076EA4B851F69EB3DBBFCF4BC2ECD0" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Dextral species in Thailand</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
|
|
</document> |