651 lines
71 KiB
XML
651 lines
71 KiB
XML
<document id="BE4F357F4C952284FF48D114A483D29F" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.189620" ID-GBIF-Dataset="194aa81c-c3af-4b1d-b5e8-ac7e42be5d4b" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="189620" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1461103423115" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Gentile, Gabriele & Snell, Howard" docDate="2009" docId="E6230F40FFDBFF96FF5FF9BCA531F840" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02201p010.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2201" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Conolophus marthae Gentile & Snell, 2009, new species" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="8" masterDocId="1A1A7738FFDAFF91FFC8FFCCA670FF8E" masterDocTitle="Conolophus marthae sp. nov. (Squamata, Iguanidae), a new species of land iguana from the Galápagos archipelago" masterLastPageNumber="10" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="2" updateTime="1698592172058" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:mods id="BD09E90EA47B47283233E8B0940D83A3" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="C50D77DEC7EEA598E5C87D5DF7DE80CB">
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<mods:title id="929DB723429E963FBA69D0D6659ECD9D">Conolophus marthae sp. nov. (Squamata, Iguanidae), a new species of land iguana from the Galápagos archipelago</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="8F6A64C883C92DFB976FB1F14A94EF6C" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="AFD18F1F5EC6A15E7D9C645EC0A1E1F4">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="07DC0608EBFDE781C12D348DDACEC2FD">Gentile, Gabriele</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="27035E5215128CEF39E29E9024477EDF" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="288A8DFB29A928A84B6D981171983E2E">
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<mods:roleTerm id="C063F779F792A66BBB8F48484C85A290">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="A431323FF19E27BA72ABD6394E15F742">Snell, Howard</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="532EDA501331FDB915757EBC60F1E6F6">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="96159F65AC439B2D5838C6F0D202C8C3">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="2F74223A79A1ED6E7AA8CA8D4BC9147C">
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<mods:date id="3349D2ED30B9EE62649E2A3851FDA240">2009</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="D73F7B3850D8C21447C814040545409E" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="0ED4159D294A69B7A02AFDEB8B9FD1DB">2201</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="38DDD602BF8A64E4BD66F276DD33648E">1</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="58F8B71DA9077578BC41CBE7624CCBE9">10</mods:end>
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<mods:classification id="E9B1AA6D5EE6F781CD9AAD8AB04DDAB9">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="C744C7C9A8CFF05585941D6735DEFC6E" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.189620</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="D517CB96F94AB957F7C3EFFB0F1EB022" type="GBIF-Dataset">194aa81c-c3af-4b1d-b5e8-ac7e42be5d4b</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="DC326B60558B85950154A75AC0F9667C" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="300FC2A6055B7EB515364150789D1C35" type="Zenodo-Dep">189620</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="E6230F40FFDBFF96FF5FF9BCA531F840" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6213254" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119622439" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6213254" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E6230F40FFDBFF96FF5FF9BCA531F840" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E6230F40FFDBFF96FF5FF9BCA531F840" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
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<subSubSection id="2690EDDDFFDBFF90FF5FF9BCA774F95A" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="6E35BE56FFDBFF90FF5FF9BCA45DF904" blockId="1.[151,557,1648,1748]" box="[151,557,1648,1674]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
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<heading id="357D093AFFDBFF90FF5FF9BCA45DF904" bold="true" box="[151,557,1648,1674]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFDBFF90FF5FF9BCA45DF904" bold="true" box="[151,557,1648,1674]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
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<taxonomicName id="A98AC5D5FFDBFF90FF5FF9BCA7E6F904" box="[151,406,1648,1674]" class="Reptilia" family="Iguanidae" genus="Conolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="marthae" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFDBFF90FF5FF9BCA7E6F904" bold="true" box="[151,406,1648,1674]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Conolophus marthae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="47CDDF3FFFDBFF90FE55F9BCA45DF904" box="[413,557,1648,1674]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="6E35BE56FFDBFF90FF5FF95FA774F95A" blockId="1.[151,557,1648,1748]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
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Galápagos pink land iguana
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<figureCitation id="F6B1A2D3FFDBFF90FF5FF976A774F95A" box="[151,260,1722,1748]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 2" captionStart-1="FIGURE 3" captionStart-2="FIGURE 4" captionStart-3="FIGURE 5" captionStartId-0="2.[151,255,1291,1315]" captionStartId-1="4.[151,255,1871,1895]" captionStartId-2="5.[151,255,786,810]" captionStartId-3="5.[151,255,1881,1905]" captionTargetBox-0="[340,1246,583,1263]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1436,390,1845]" captionTargetBox-2="[150,1436,194,761]" captionTargetBox-3="[154,1431,898,1856]" captionTargetId-0="figure@2.[340,1248,583,1263]" captionTargetId-1="figure@4.[151,1436,390,1845]" captionTargetId-2="figure@5.[150,1436,194,762]" captionTargetId-3="figure@5.[154,1433,898,1857]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionTargetPageId-1="4" captionTargetPageId-2="5" captionTargetPageId-3="5" captionText-0="FIGURE 2. Conolophus marthae sp. nov. Holotype. Adult male with brand number 117 and PIT number 091 - 601 - 303. The individual is changing skin." captionText-1="FIGURE 3. Conolophus marthae sp. nov. Holotype. Adult male with brand number 117 and PIT number 091 - 601 - 303. A – D) views of the head: right, frontal, left, and from above, respectively; E) dorsal view; F) ventral view. The individual is changing skin." captionText-2="FIGURE 4. Conolophus marthae sp. nov. Adult male with brand number 118 and PIT number 091 - 062 - 369, held by A. Jaramillo, field assistant of the Charles Darwin Research Station. This individual is not the Holotype." captionText-3="FIGURE 5. Conolophus marthae sp. nov. Adult male with brand number 36 and PIT number 091 - 336 - 546. Details of the head. This individual is not the Holotype." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/189622/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/189623/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/189624/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/189625/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Figs. 2–5</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="2690EDDDFFDBFF93FF5FF8CBA575FD80" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="3" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="6E35BE56FFDBFF93FF5FF8CBA575FD80" blockId="1.[151,1436,1799,2021]" lastBlockId="2.[151,1437,152,526]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="3" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
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<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFDBFF90FF5FF8CBA767F8AF" bold="true" box="[151,279,1799,1825]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
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<typeStatus id="B13100F4FFDBFF90FF5FF8CBA762F8AF" box="[151,274,1799,1825]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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.
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</emphasis>
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A free-ranging adult male permanently branded with the number 117. A Passive Integrated Transponder (PIT) with the number 091-601-303 was hypodermically inserted in one of the posterior legs. The individual was captured and released approximately four km north of the Equator on the top of Volcan Wolf,
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<collectingCountry id="169DFEC6FFDBFF90FF28F8B7A77AF81B" box="[224,266,1915,1941]" name="Iceland" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Isla</collectingCountry>
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Isabela, Galápagos National Park,
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<collectingCountry id="169DFEC6FFDBFF90FD61F8B7A57BF81B" box="[681,779,1915,1941]" name="Ecuador" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
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(
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<geoCoordinate id="0BBED891FFDBFF90FCD3F8B7A5D8F81B" box="[795,936,1914,1941]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" precision="1" value="0.03792">0.03792° N</geoCoordinate>
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;
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<geoCoordinate id="0BBED891FFDBFF90FC7DF8B7A23AF81B" box="[949,1098,1914,1941]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" precision="1" value="-91.36324">91.36324°W</geoCoordinate>
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, datum WGS84, as recorded by a Garmin 12CX handheld GPS). The individual was captured by A. Jaramillo on
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<date id="1A349896FFDBFF90FBB2F868A368F830" box="[1146,1304,1953,1982]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" value="2006-06-08">June 8th 2006</date>
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, blood was drawn by G. Gentile. Photos were shot by G. Gentile. Blood in lysis buffer voucher n.
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<collectionCode id="089B2693FFDBFF90FB1EF807A332F86B" box="[1238,1346,1995,2021]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">MCZRR</collectionCode>
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450 (as reported in the Genbank records
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<accessionNumber id="71D923B5FFD8FF93FDD7FF54A4E4FF3C" box="[543,660,152,178]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/FJ716129" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">FJ716129</accessionNumber>
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and
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<accessionNumber id="71D923B5FFD8FF93FD07FF54A536FF3C" box="[719,838,152,178]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/FJ716130" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">FJ716130</accessionNumber>
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) is hosted in the reptile collection (as specimen n. R450) of the Civic Museum of Zoology (
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<collectionCode id="089B2693FFD8FF93FD02FF72A553FF56" box="[714,803,190,216]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/mmbj-pfva" name="Museo Civico di Zoologia" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">MCZR</collectionCode>
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, Rome,
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<collectingCountry id="169DFEC6FFD8FF93FC51FF72A5A6FF56" box="[921,982,190,216]" name="Italy" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Italy</collectingCountry>
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,). Original photo files, named as “Morphobank_m27772.jpg” (
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<figureCitation id="F6B1A2D3FFD8FF93FDEFFF29A4E9FF71" box="[551,665,229,255]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[151,255,1291,1315]" captionTargetBox="[340,1246,583,1263]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[340,1248,583,1263]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Conolophus marthae sp. nov. Holotype. Adult male with brand number 117 and PIT number 091 - 601 - 303. The individual is changing skin." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/189622/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Figure 2</figureCitation>
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), “Morphobank_m27773.jpg, Morphobank_m27774.jpg, M o r p h o b a n k_m 2 7 7 7 5. j p g, M o r p h o b a n k _m2 7 7 7 6. j p g, M o r p h o b a n k _m2 7 7 7 7. j p g, a n d Morphobank_m27778.jpg” (
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<figureCitation id="F6B1A2D3FFD8FF93FDD0FEFEA4E7FEC2" box="[536,663,306,332]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,255,1871,1895]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,390,1845]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,390,1845]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Conolophus marthae sp. nov. Holotype. Adult male with brand number 117 and PIT number 091 - 601 - 303. A – D) views of the head: right, frontal, left, and from above, respectively; E) dorsal view; F) ventral view. The individual is changing skin." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/189623/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Figures 3</figureCitation>
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A, 3B, 3C, 3D, 3E, and 3F, respectively), and the movie “Morphobank_m27779.wmv” are included in a project titled as the present paper, hosted in Morphobank (http://www.morphobank.org). Such photos and video form a basis of the description and should be considered also as illustrating the
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<typeStatus id="B13100F4FFD8FF93FDE6FE6AA411FE4E" box="[558,609,422,448]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">type</typeStatus>
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specimen, for purposes of Article 73.1.4 of the Code (
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<collectionCode id="089B2693FFD8FF93FB30FE6AA332FE4E" box="[1272,1346,422,448]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">ICZN</collectionCode>
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, 1999), but see also the paragraph “Notes added in proofs”. All material refers to the same individual (free ranging, with PIT number 091-601-303), elected as
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<typeStatus id="B13100F4FFD8FF93FD58FE38A571FD80" box="[656,769,500,526]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<caption id="3AF5EEDEFFD8FF93FF5FFAC7A79EFACB" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/189622/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" targetBox="[340,1246,583,1263]" targetPageId="2">
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<paragraph id="6E35BE56FFD8FF93FF5FFAC7A79EFACB" blockId="2.[151,1437,1291,1349]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFD8FF93FF5FFAC7A769FAAD" bold="true" box="[151,281,1291,1315]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="A98AC5D5FFD8FF93FEE9FAC7A472FAAC" box="[289,514,1291,1314]" class="Reptilia" family="Iguanidae" genus="Conolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="marthae" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFD8FF93FEE9FAC7A472FAAC" box="[289,514,1291,1314]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Conolophus marthae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFD8FF93FDC1FAC7A42FFAAD" bold="true" box="[521,607,1291,1315]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="47CDDF3FFFD8FF93FDC1FAC7A42FFAAD" box="[521,607,1291,1315]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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Holotype. Adult male with brand number 117 and PIT number 091-601-303. The individual is changing skin.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<subSubSection id="2690EDDDFFD8FF93FF0EFAB4A755F807" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="6E35BE56FFD8FF93FF0EFAB4A7E8F9A3" blockId="2.[151,1437,1400,2006]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFD8FF93FF0EFAB4A736FA1C" bold="true" box="[198,326,1400,1426]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="A98AC5D5FFD8FF93FE99FAB4A43CFA1F" box="[337,588,1400,1425]" class="Reptilia" family="Iguanidae" genus="Conolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="marthae" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFD8FF93FE99FAB4A43CFA1F" box="[337,588,1400,1425]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Conolophus marthae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFD8FF93FD9EFAB4A4C7FA1C" bold="true" box="[598,695,1400,1426]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="47CDDF3FFFD8FF93FD9EFAB4A4C7FA1C" box="[598,695,1400,1426]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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is distinguished from
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<taxonomicName id="A98AC5D5FFD8FF93FC04FAB4A221FA1F" box="[972,1105,1400,1425]" class="Reptilia" family="Iguanidae" genus="Conolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pallidus">
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<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFD8FF93FC04FAB4A221FA1F" box="[972,1105,1400,1425]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">C. pallidus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="A98AC5D5FFD8FF93FB59FAB4A335FA1F" box="[1169,1349,1400,1425]" class="Reptilia" family="Iguanidae" genus="Conolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="subcristatus">
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<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFD8FF93FB59FAB4A335FA1F" box="[1169,1349,1400,1425]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">C. subcristatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by the following color pattern: pinkish head, pinkish and black (dark) body and legs, with a typical black-striped pattern on the mid to posterior dorsal body; stripes are along the dorsal-ventral axis, may be irregular and their number variable; stripes may join to form a more complex pattern; stripes occur on the ventral body, but are less evident; dark tail.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="6E35BE56FFD8FF93FF0DF9F5A341F9F4" blockId="2.[151,1437,1400,2006]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Other distinctive, but slightly variable morphological traits co-occur in males: i) adipose nuchal crest with small or reduced conic scales, ii) poorly elevated (pyramid-shaped) or almost flat dorsal head scales.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="6E35BE56FFD8FF93FF0DF94BA253F949" blockId="2.[151,1437,1400,2006]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<taxonomicName id="A98AC5D5FFD8FF93FF0DF94BA7CCF92E" box="[197,444,1671,1696]" class="Reptilia" family="Iguanidae" genus="Conolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="marthae" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFD8FF93FF0DF94BA7CCF92E" box="[197,444,1671,1696]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Conolophus marthae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFD8FF93FE0CF94AA451F92E" bold="true" box="[452,545,1670,1696]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="47CDDF3FFFD8FF93FE0CF94AA451F92E" box="[452,545,1670,1696]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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is also distinguished from the other two congeneric species by a distinctive pattern of head-bob behavior (
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<figureCitation id="F6B1A2D3FFD8FF93FE32F961A431F949" box="[506,577,1709,1735]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="6.[151,255,1775,1799]" captionTargetBox="[442,1145,181,1752]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[380,1208,154,1763]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 6. Head-bob display of Conolophus marthae sp. nov. Multiple series (a, b, c, and d) of head-bob performed by the Holotype (June 2006). The series were performed with the following time intervals between each other: a – b, 27 seconds; b – c, 34 seconds; c – d, 11 seconds." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/189626/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
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, see Morphobank accession code: p241).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="6E35BE56FFD8FF93FF0DF918A755F807" blockId="2.[151,1437,1400,2006]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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The new species is unequivocally distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A98AC5D5FFD8FF93FCACF918A59DF963" box="[868,1005,1748,1773]" class="Reptilia" family="Iguanidae" genus="Conolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pallidus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFD8FF93FCACF918A59DF963" box="[868,1005,1748,1773]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">C. pallidus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A98AC5D5FFD8FF93FBE3F918A296F963" box="[1067,1254,1748,1773]" class="Reptilia" family="Iguanidae" genus="Conolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="subcristatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFD8FF93FBE3F918A296F963" box="[1067,1254,1748,1773]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">C. subcristatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the several diagnostic sites in the sequence of the control region and cytochrome
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFD8FF93FC00F937A5A7F89A" box="[968,983,1787,1812]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">b</emphasis>
|
||
gene of the mtDNA, reported in
|
||
<tableCitation id="23088BEDFFD8FF93FA93F937A6D6F8B5" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,241,345,369]" captionText="TABLE 1. Diagnostic sites in the sequence of the control region and cytochrome b gene in the mtDNA. Position are based on the Genbank records FJ 716129 (Control region) and FJ 716130 (cytochrome b). The sites 471 and 474 of the cytochrome b sequence are polymorphic in C. subcristatus, but still diagnostic." pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
, and by a completely different, non overlapping, size-range of alleles at the microsatellite locus CS7 (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0A1BC3A7FFD8FF93FA9FF8EDA76EF8EC" author="Tzika" pageId="2" pageNumber="9" refString="Tzika, A., Rosa, S., Marquez, C., Snell, H., Snell, H., Tapia, W., Gentile, G. & Milinkovitch, M. (2008) Population genetics of Galapagos land iguana (genus Conolophus) remnant populations. Molecular Ecology, 17, 4743 - 4952." type="journal article" year="2008">
|
||
Tzika
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFD8FF93FF5FF884A6A1F8EF" box="[151,209,1864,1889]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2008
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0A1BC3A7FFD8FF93FEE2F884A478F8EC" author="Gentile" box="[298,520,1864,1890]" pageId="2" pageNumber="9" refString="Gentile, G., Fabiani, A., Marquez, C., Snell, H. L., Snell, H. M., Tapia, W. & Sbordoni, V. (2009) An overlooked pink species of land iguana in the Galapagos. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 106, 507 - 511." type="journal article" year="2009">
|
||
Gentile
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFD8FF93FE4FF884A7B1F8EF" box="[391,449,1864,1889]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2009
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Alleles at locus CS7 range between 245 and 333 bases (as defined in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0A1BC3A7FFD8FF93FA8EF884A769F807" author="Gentile" pageId="2" pageNumber="9" refString="Gentile, G., Fabiani, A., Marquez, C., Snell, H. L., Snell, H. M., Tapia, W. & Sbordoni, V. (2009) An overlooked pink species of land iguana in the Galapagos. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 106, 507 - 511." type="journal article" year="2009">
|
||
Gentile
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFD8FF93FF5FF8A3A6A1F806" box="[151,209,1903,1928]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2009
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="2690EDDDFFD8FF96FF0EF859A282FE14" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="6E35BE56FFD8FF93FF0EF859A435F821" blockId="2.[151,1437,1400,2006]" box="[198,581,1941,1967]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFD8FF93FF0EF859A435F821" bold="true" box="[198,581,1941,1967]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
|
||
Description of
|
||
<typeStatus id="B13100F4FFD8FF93FEB6F859A780F821" box="[382,496,1941,1967]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
in life.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6E35BE56FFD8FF93FF0EF870A730F858" blockId="2.[151,1437,1400,2006]" box="[198,320,1980,2006]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFD8FF93FF0EF870A68CF858" bold="true" box="[198,252,1980,2006]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Sex:</emphasis>
|
||
Male
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6E35BE56FFD9FF92FF0DFF5BA738FF3C" blockId="3.[151,1435,151,294]" box="[197,328,151,178]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFD9FF92FF0DFF5BA68DFF3F" bold="true" box="[197,253,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A98AC5D5FFD9FF92FF0DFF5BA687FF3F" box="[197,247,151,177]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Age" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Age</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Adult
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6E35BE56FFD9FF92FF0DFF72A7F1FF56" blockId="3.[151,1435,151,294]" box="[197,385,190,216]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFD9FF92FF0DFF72A751FF56" bold="true" box="[197,289,190,216]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Weight:</emphasis>
|
||
5.0 Kg.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6E35BE56FFD9FF92FF0DFF29A5D2FEA8" blockId="3.[151,1435,151,294]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFD9FF92FF0DFF29A446FF71" bold="true" box="[197,566,229,255]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Morphological measurements:</emphasis>
|
||
SVL: 47.0 cm; VTL:
|
||
<quantity id="A97213B3FFD9FF92FCF4FF29A5EEFF71" box="[828,926,229,255]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.14" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="cm" value="61.4">61.4 cm</quantity>
|
||
; head length:
|
||
<quantity id="A97213B3FFD9FF92FB8AFF29A2CCFF71" box="[1090,1212,229,255]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.822" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="mm" value="78.22">78.22 mm</quantity>
|
||
; head width:
|
||
<quantity id="A97213B3FFD9FF92FA91FF29A6B8FEA8" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.3759999999999994" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="mm" value="63.76">63.76 mm</quantity>
|
||
; internostril distance:
|
||
<quantity id="A97213B3FFD9FF92FE03FEC0A435FEA8" box="[459,581,268,294]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.789" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="mm" value="17.89">17.89 mm</quantity>
|
||
; eye-eye distance:
|
||
<quantity id="A97213B3FFD9FF92FCEBFEC0A5EDFEA8" box="[803,925,268,294]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5189999999999997" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="mm" value="35.19">35.19 mm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="3AF5EEDEFFD9FF92FF5FFE95A593FE3B" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<paragraph id="6E35BE56FFD9FF92FF5FFE95A593FE3B" blockId="3.[151,1436,345,437]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFD9FF92FF5FFE95A77CFEFF" bold="true" box="[151,268,345,369]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">TABLE 1.</emphasis>
|
||
Diagnostic sites in the sequence of the control region and cytochrome
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFD9FF92FBD5FE95A25AFEFE" box="[1053,1066,345,368]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">b</emphasis>
|
||
gene in the mtDNA. Position are based on the Genbank records
|
||
<accessionNumber id="71D923B5FFD9FF92FE2FFEB0A421FE1D" box="[487,593,380,403]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/FJ716129" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">FJ716129</accessionNumber>
|
||
(Control region) and
|
||
<accessionNumber id="71D923B5FFD9FF92FCF7FEB0A5DAFE1D" box="[831,938,380,403]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/FJ716130" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">FJ716130</accessionNumber>
|
||
(cytochrome
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFD9FF92FB89FEB0A23EFE1D" box="[1089,1102,380,403]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">b</emphasis>
|
||
). The sites 471 and 474 of the cytochrome
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFD9FF92FED3FE52A758FE3B" box="[283,296,414,437]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">b</emphasis>
|
||
sequence are polymorphic in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A98AC5D5FFD9FF92FDA1FE52A579FE3B" box="[617,777,414,437]" class="Reptilia" family="Iguanidae" genus="Conolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="subcristatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFD9FF92FDA1FE52A579FE3B" box="[617,777,414,437]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">C. subcristatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but still diagnostic.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="6E35BE56FFD9FF92FC81FE11A590FE7C" blockId="3.[841,992,477,498]" box="[841,992,477,498]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFD9FF92FC81FE11A590FE7C" bold="true" box="[841,992,477,498]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Control region</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6E35BE56FFD9FF92FE0AFDEEA317FDB9" blockId="3.[160,1416,546,1657]" box="[450,1383,546,567]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFD9FF92FE0AFDEEA317FDB9" bold="true" box="[450,1383,546,567]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">786 465 12 24</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6E35BE56FFD9FF92FE0AFD81A317FDEC" blockId="3.[160,1416,546,1657]" box="[450,1383,589,610]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFD9FF92FE0AFD81A317FDEC" bold="true" box="[450,1383,589,610]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">795 471 51 25</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6E35BE56FFD9FF92FE0AFDB4A317FD03" blockId="3.[160,1416,546,1657]" box="[450,1383,632,653]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFD9FF92FE0AFDB4A317FD03" bold="true" box="[450,1383,632,653]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">796 474 69 63</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6E35BE56FFD9FF92FF68FD40A705FD2F" blockId="3.[160,1416,546,1657]" box="[160,373,652,673]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A98AC5D5FFD9FF92FF68FD40A740FD2F" box="[160,304,652,673]" class="Reptilia" family="Iguanidae" genus="Conolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="subcristatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFD9FF92FF68FD40A740FD2F" box="[160,304,652,673]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">C. subcristatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFD9FF92FE96FD40A705FD2F" box="[350,373,652,673]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">C.</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6E35BE56FFD9FF92FF68FD60A3F7FD62" blockId="3.[160,1416,546,1657]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A98AC5D5FFD9FF92FF68FD60A69EFD4F" box="[160,238,684,705]" class="Reptilia" family="Iguanidae" genus="Conolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pallidus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFD9FF92FF68FD60A69EFD4F" box="[160,238,684,705]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">pallidus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
G
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFD9FF92FE0AFD6FA796FD36" bold="true" box="[450,486,675,696]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">807</emphasis>
|
||
T T A C T C T
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFD9FF92FD29FD6FA575FD36" bold="true" box="[737,773,675,696]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">492</emphasis>
|
||
T A T C T G C
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFD9FF92FC37FD6FA267FD36" bold="true" box="[1023,1047,675,696]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">75</emphasis>
|
||
A G A C G G T C
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFD9FF92FA87FD6FA317FD36" bold="true" box="[1359,1383,675,696]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">85</emphasis>
|
||
T
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A98AC5D5FFD9FF92FF68FD1BA77CFD62" box="[160,268,727,748]" class="Reptilia" family="Iguanidae" genus="Conolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="marthae" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFD9FF92FF68FD1BA77CFD62" box="[160,268,727,748]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">C. marthae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFD9FF92FEDAFD1AA710FD65" bold="true" box="[274,352,726,747]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="47CDDF3FFFD9FF92FEDAFD1AA710FD65" box="[274,352,726,747]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
C
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFD9FF92FE0AFD02A796FD6D" bold="true" box="[450,486,718,739]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">814</emphasis>
|
||
C A T T G T C
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFD9FF92FD29FD02A575FD6D" bold="true" box="[737,773,718,739]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">498</emphasis>
|
||
A G C T A A A
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFD9FF92FC31FD02A26DFD6D" bold="true" box="[1017,1053,718,739]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">117</emphasis>
|
||
G A C T A A C T
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFD9FF92FA87FD02A317FD6D" bold="true" box="[1359,1383,718,739]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">92</emphasis>
|
||
C
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6E35BE56FFD9FF92FE0AFD35A317FC80" blockId="3.[160,1416,546,1657]" box="[450,1383,761,782]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFD9FF92FE0AFD35A317FC80" bold="true" box="[450,1383,761,782]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">831 525 135 93</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6E35BE56FFD9FF92FE0AFCE8A31DFCB7" blockId="3.[160,1416,546,1657]" box="[450,1389,804,825]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFD9FF92FE0AFCE8A31DFCB7" bold="true" box="[450,1389,804,825]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">847 528 147 167</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6E35BE56FFD9FF92FC85FCF4A5ADFCC3" blockId="3.[160,1416,546,1657]" box="[845,989,824,845]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFD9FF92FC85FCF4A5ADFCC3" bold="true" box="[845,989,824,845]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
Cytochrome
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFD9FF92FC19FCF4A5ADFCC3" bold="true" box="[977,989,824,845]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">b</emphasis>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6E35BE56FFD9FF92FE0AFC82A31DFCED" blockId="3.[160,1416,546,1657]" box="[450,1389,846,867]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFD9FF92FE0AFC82A31DFCED" bold="true" box="[450,1389,846,867]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">867 536 171 168</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6E35BE56FFD9FF92FE0AFCB5A31DFC00" blockId="3.[160,1416,546,1657]" box="[450,1389,889,910]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFD9FF92FE0AFCB5A31DFC00" bold="true" box="[450,1389,889,910]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">868 547 207 179</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6E35BE56FFD9FF92FE0AFC68A3F8FBB2" blockId="3.[160,1416,546,1657]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFD9FF92FE0AFC68A31DFC37" bold="true" box="[450,1389,932,953]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">873 550 249 198</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A98AC5D5FFD9FF92FF68FC1EA740FC69" box="[160,304,978,999]" class="Reptilia" family="Iguanidae" genus="Conolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="subcristatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFD9FF92FF68FC1EA740FC69" box="[160,304,978,999]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">C. subcristatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
C
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFD9FF92FE0AFC03A796FC6A" bold="true" box="[450,486,975,996]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">889</emphasis>
|
||
C C C C C C C
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFD9FF92FD29FC03A575FC6A" bold="true" box="[737,773,975,996]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">553</emphasis>
|
||
C C A T T T C
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFD9FF92FC31FC03A26DFC6A" bold="true" box="[1017,1053,975,996]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">255</emphasis>
|
||
A A A G C C T
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFD9FF92FA81FC03A31DFC6A" bold="true" box="[1353,1389,975,996]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">204</emphasis>
|
||
C G
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A98AC5D5FFD9FF92FF68FC30A779FB9F" box="[160,265,1020,1041]" class="Reptilia" family="Iguanidae" genus="Conolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pallidus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFD9FF92FF68FC30A779FB9F" box="[160,265,1020,1041]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">C. pallidus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFD9FF92FE0AFC37A796FB9E" bold="true" box="[450,486,1019,1040]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">890</emphasis>
|
||
.......
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFD9FF92FD29FC37A575FB9E" bold="true" box="[737,773,1019,1040]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">561</emphasis>
|
||
.......
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFD9FF92FC31FC37A26DFB9E" bold="true" box="[1017,1053,1019,1040]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">267</emphasis>
|
||
.......
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFD9FF92FA81FC37A31DFB9E" bold="true" box="[1353,1389,1019,1040]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">205</emphasis>
|
||
..
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A98AC5D5FFD9FF92FF68FBEBA77CFBB2" box="[160,268,1063,1084]" class="Reptilia" family="Iguanidae" genus="Conolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="marthae" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFD9FF92FF68FBEBA77CFBB2" box="[160,268,1063,1084]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">C. marthae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFD9FF92FEDAFBEAA710FBB5" bold="true" box="[274,352,1062,1083]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="47CDDF3FFFD9FF92FEDAFBEAA710FBB5" box="[274,352,1062,1083]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
T
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFD9FF92FE0AFBE9A796FBB4" bold="true" box="[450,486,1061,1082]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">891</emphasis>
|
||
T T T T T T T
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFD9FF92FD29FBE9A575FBB4" bold="true" box="[737,773,1061,1082]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">573</emphasis>
|
||
A T C C C C T
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFD9FF92FC31FBE9A26DFBB4" bold="true" box="[1017,1053,1061,1082]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">291</emphasis>
|
||
G T T A T T C
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFD9FF92FA81FBE9A31DFBB4" bold="true" box="[1353,1389,1061,1082]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">247</emphasis>
|
||
T A
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6E35BE56FFD9FF92FE0AFB9DA31DFBE8" blockId="3.[160,1416,546,1657]" box="[450,1389,1105,1126]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFD9FF92FE0AFB9DA31DFBE8" bold="true" box="[450,1389,1105,1126]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">914 600 295 318</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6E35BE56FFD9FF92FE0AFBB0A31DFB1F" blockId="3.[160,1416,546,1657]" box="[450,1389,1148,1169]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFD9FF92FE0AFBB0A31DFB1F" bold="true" box="[450,1389,1148,1169]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">948 633 315 335</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6E35BE56FFD9FF92FE0AFB6BA31DFB32" blockId="3.[160,1416,546,1657]" box="[450,1389,1191,1212]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFD9FF92FE0AFB6BA31DFB32" bold="true" box="[450,1389,1191,1212]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">967 666 321 338</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6E35BE56FFD9FF92FE74FB1EA3F8FB70" blockId="3.[160,1416,546,1657]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFD9FF92FE74FB1EA31DFB69" bold="true" box="[444,1389,1234,1255]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">1014 683 363 508</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A98AC5D5FFD9FF92FF68FB26A740FB71" box="[160,304,1258,1279]" class="Reptilia" family="Iguanidae" genus="Conolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="subcristatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFD9FF92FF68FB26A740FB71" box="[160,304,1258,1279]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">C. subcristatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
C Y R T C C C T G A C C T C T C T A A G T T G A
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6E35BE56FFD9FF92FE74FB31A30DFAA7" blockId="3.[160,1416,546,1657]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFD9FF92FE74FB31A31DFA9C" bold="true" box="[444,1389,1277,1298]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">1053 693 369 509</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A98AC5D5FFD9FF92FF68FAD8A779FAA7" box="[160,265,1300,1321]" class="Reptilia" family="Iguanidae" genus="Conolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pallidus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFD9FF92FF68FAD8A779FAA7" box="[160,265,1300,1321]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">C. pallidus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. T G.....................
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6E35BE56FFD9FF92FE74FAE4A3F7FADD" blockId="3.[160,1416,546,1657]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFD9FF92FE74FAE4A31DFAB3" bold="true" box="[444,1389,1320,1341]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">1059 700 372 512</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A98AC5D5FFD9FF92FF68FAF2A77CFADD" box="[160,268,1342,1363]" class="Reptilia" family="Iguanidae" genus="Conolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="marthae" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFD9FF92FF68FAF2A77CFADD" box="[160,268,1342,1363]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">C. marthae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFD9FF92FEDAFAF2A710FADD" bold="true" box="[274,352,1342,1363]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="47CDDF3FFFD9FF92FEDAFAF2A710FADD" box="[274,352,1342,1363]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
T G C C T T T C A G A T C T C A C G G C C C A C
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6E35BE56FFD9FF92FE74FA9FA31DFAE6" blockId="3.[160,1416,546,1657]" box="[444,1389,1363,1384]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFD9FF92FE74FA9FA31DFAE6" bold="true" box="[444,1389,1363,1384]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">1062 702 408 651</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6E35BE56FFD9FF92FE74FAB2A31DFA1D" blockId="3.[160,1416,546,1657]" box="[444,1389,1406,1427]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFD9FF92FE74FAB2A31DFA1D" bold="true" box="[444,1389,1406,1427]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">1068 706 411 696</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6E35BE56FFD9FF92FE74FA65A31DFA30" blockId="3.[160,1416,546,1657]" box="[444,1389,1449,1470]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFD9FF92FE74FA65A31DFA30" bold="true" box="[444,1389,1449,1470]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">1071 721 417 834</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6E35BE56FFD9FF92FE74FA18A31DFA67" blockId="3.[160,1416,546,1657]" box="[444,1389,1492,1513]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFD9FF92FE74FA18A31DFA67" bold="true" box="[444,1389,1492,1513]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">1081 723 426 850</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6E35BE56FFD9FF92FE74FA33A544F8F7" blockId="3.[160,1416,546,1657]" lastBlockId="3.[151,1436,1771,2029]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFD9FF92FE74FA33A303F99A" bold="true" box="[444,1395,1535,1556]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">1087 747 463 1098</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A98AC5D5FFD9FF92FF68F9C3A740F9AA" box="[160,304,1551,1572]" class="Reptilia" family="Iguanidae" genus="Conolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="subcristatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFD9FF92FF68F9C3A740F9AA" box="[160,304,1551,1572]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">C. subcristatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
A T T C C C T C C T C T C C T G C G C A T A G C
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A98AC5D5FFD9FF92FF68F9F6A779F9C1" box="[160,265,1594,1615]" class="Reptilia" family="Iguanidae" genus="Conolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pallidus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFD9FF92FF68F9F6A779F9C1" box="[160,265,1594,1615]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">C. pallidus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.... A...................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A98AC5D5FFD9FF92FF68F9A8A77CF9F7" box="[160,268,1636,1657]" class="Reptilia" family="Iguanidae" genus="Conolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="marthae" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFD9FF92FF68F9A8A77CF9F7" box="[160,268,1636,1657]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">C. marthae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFD9FF92FEDAF9A8A710F9F7" bold="true" box="[274,352,1636,1657]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="47CDDF3FFFD9FF92FEDAF9A8A710F9F7" box="[274,352,1636,1657]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
G C C T T T C T T C T C T G C A T A T G C G T A
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFD9FF92FF0DF927A799F88B" bold="true" box="[197,489,1771,1797]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Meristic characteristics:</emphasis>
|
||
N. supralabial scales: 7 (left side) and 9 (right side); n. infralabial scales: 10 (left side) and 9 (right side); n. scales around the parietal scale: 8; n. scales around the mental scale: 9; n. scales around the rostral scale: 8; n. scales along the middle-dorsal line: 17; n. scales around the inguinal scar: 46. Number of femoral pores: 19 (left leg) and 18 (right leg).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6E35BE56FFD9FF92FF0DF849A7C6F863" blockId="3.[151,1436,1771,2029]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFD9FF92FF0DF849A448F811" bold="true" box="[197,568,1925,1951]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Morphological characteristics:</emphasis>
|
||
Snout elongated, not shortened. Tympanum taller than wide. Scales flat or almost flat above the tympanum, in the post-orbital region. Slightly more elevated pyramid-shaped scales occur in the dorsal head.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6E35BE56FFDEFF95FF0DFF54A742FEC2" blockId="4.[151,1436,152,332]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Nuchal crest pronounced, adipose, with small conic scales which are reduced or almost flat along the ridge of the anterior half of the crest. Conic scales are more prominent, but not spinose, along the ridge of the posterior half. Dorsal crest less developed, with small conic scales along the ridge. Caudal crest poorly developed. Round-cross-section tail, not laterally compressed. Fingers of fore and hind legs with short claws, not recurved.</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="3AF5EEDEFFDEFF95FF5FF883A73CF825" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/189623/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" targetBox="[151,1436,390,1845]" targetPageId="4">
|
||
<paragraph id="6E35BE56FFDEFF95FF5FF883A73CF825" blockId="4.[151,1436,1871,1963]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFDEFF95FF5FF883A769F8E9" bold="true" box="[151,281,1871,1895]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A98AC5D5FFDEFF95FEE8F883A470F8E8" box="[288,512,1871,1894]" class="Reptilia" family="Iguanidae" genus="Conolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="marthae" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFDEFF95FEE8F883A470F8E8" box="[288,512,1871,1894]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Conolophus marthae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFDEFF95FDCFF883A42CF8E9" bold="true" box="[519,604,1871,1895]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="47CDDF3FFFDEFF95FDCFF883A42CF8E9" box="[519,604,1871,1895]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Holotype. Adult male with brand number 117 and PIT number 091-601-303. A–D) views of the head: right, frontal, left, and from above, respectively; E) dorsal view; F) ventral view. The individual is changing skin.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="3AF5EEDEFFDFFF94FF5FFCDEA2A0FCC2" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/189624/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" targetBox="[150,1436,194,761]" targetPageId="5">
|
||
<paragraph id="6E35BE56FFDFFF94FF5FFCDEA2A0FCC2" blockId="5.[151,1436,786,844]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFDFFF94FF5FFCDEA769FCA4" bold="true" box="[151,281,786,810]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A98AC5D5FFDFFF94FEE8FCDFA471FCA4" box="[288,513,787,810]" class="Reptilia" family="Iguanidae" genus="Conolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="marthae" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFDFFF94FEE8FCDFA471FCA4" box="[288,513,787,810]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Conolophus marthae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFDFFF94FDCFFCDEA42DFCA4" bold="true" box="[519,605,786,810]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="47CDDF3FFFDFFF94FDCFFCDEA42DFCA4" box="[519,605,786,810]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Adult male with brand number 118 and PIT number 091-062-369, held by A. Jaramillo, field assistant of the Charles Darwin Research Station. This individual is not the Holotype.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="3AF5EEDEFFDFFF94FF5FF895A40AF81D" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/189625/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" targetBox="[154,1431,898,1856]" targetPageId="5">
|
||
<paragraph id="6E35BE56FFDFFF94FF5FF895A40AF81D" blockId="5.[151,1435,1881,1939]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFDFFF94FF5FF895A76BF8FF" bold="true" box="[151,283,1881,1905]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A98AC5D5FFDFFF94FEEAF896A474F8FF" box="[290,516,1882,1905]" class="Reptilia" family="Iguanidae" genus="Conolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="marthae" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFDFFF94FEEAF896A474F8FF" box="[290,516,1882,1905]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Conolophus marthae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFDFFF94FDC4F895A413F8FF" bold="true" box="[524,611,1881,1905]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="47CDDF3FFFDFFF94FDC4F895A413F8FF" box="[524,611,1881,1905]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Adult male with brand number 36 and PIT number 091-336-546. Details of the head. This individual is not the Holotype.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="3AF5EEDEFFDCFF97FF5FF923A411F8C2" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/189626/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" targetBox="[442,1145,181,1752]" targetPageId="6">
|
||
<paragraph id="6E35BE56FFDCFF97FF5FF923A411F8C2" blockId="6.[151,1436,1775,1868]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFDCFF97FF5FF923A769F889" bold="true" box="[151,281,1775,1799]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">FIGURE 6.</emphasis>
|
||
Head-bob display of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A98AC5D5FFDCFF97FE37F93CA4AFF889" box="[511,735,1776,1799]" class="Reptilia" family="Iguanidae" genus="Conolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="marthae" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFDCFF97FE37F93CA4AFF889" box="[511,735,1776,1799]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Conolophus marthae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFDCFF97FD2EF923A54BF889" bold="true" box="[742,827,1775,1799]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="47CDDF3FFFDCFF97FD2EF923A54BF889" box="[742,827,1775,1799]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Multiple series (a, b, c, and d) of head-bob performed by the Holotype (June 2006). The series were performed with the following time intervals between each other: a–b, 27 seconds; b–c, 34 seconds; c–d, 11 seconds.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="6E35BE56FFDCFF96FF0DF851A22EFF56" blockId="6.[151,1437,1949,2014]" lastBlockId="7.[151,1437,152,1998]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFDCFF97FF0DF851A720F839" bold="true" box="[197,336,1949,1975]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Coloration:</emphasis>
|
||
pinkish head, pinkish and black (dark) body and legs, with a black-striped pattern on the mid to posterior dorsal body. On both sides, five vertical black stripes occur between forelimb and hind limb, along the dorsal-ventral axis. The first stripe is interrupted. Stripes 2–5 are joined horizontally, describing a complex pattern. Stripes are present but less evident on the ventral body. Dark tail.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6E35BE56FFDDFF96FF0DFF29A282FE14" blockId="7.[151,1437,152,1998]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFDDFF96FF0DFF29A47BFF71" bold="true" box="[197,523,229,255]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Behavioral characteristics:</emphasis>
|
||
The head-bob display (nodding behavior) consists of repeated modules. Each module comprises three series of multiple head movements (“ups and downs”;
|
||
<figureCitation id="F6B1A2D3FFDDFF96FB81FEC0A2FEFEA8" box="[1097,1166,268,294]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="6.[151,255,1775,1799]" captionTargetBox="[442,1145,181,1752]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[380,1208,154,1763]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 6. Head-bob display of Conolophus marthae sp. nov. Multiple series (a, b, c, and d) of head-bob performed by the Holotype (June 2006). The series were performed with the following time intervals between each other: a – b, 27 seconds; b – c, 34 seconds; c – d, 11 seconds." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/189626/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
a–c) and is completely executed within a time interval of 4–5 seconds. Frequency of movements performed in each series is high, with 4 to 6 movements per second. Two sub-series, separated by a few deciseconds, may be recognized within series 2. A fourth, additional series, similar to series 3, may be observed occasionally (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F6B1A2D3FFDDFF96FB45FE4CA2A4FE14" box="[1165,1236,384,410]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="6.[151,255,1775,1799]" captionTargetBox="[442,1145,181,1752]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[380,1208,154,1763]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 6. Head-bob display of Conolophus marthae sp. nov. Multiple series (a, b, c, and d) of head-bob performed by the Holotype (June 2006). The series were performed with the following time intervals between each other: a – b, 27 seconds; b – c, 34 seconds; c – d, 11 seconds." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/189626/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
d).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="2690EDDDFFDDFF96FF0EFE6AA468FD9F" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="6E35BE56FFDDFF96FF0EFE6AA468FD9F" blockId="7.[151,1437,152,1998]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFDDFF96FF0EFE6AA723FE4E" bold="true" box="[198,339,422,448]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
The new species is named in memory of Martha Rebecca Gentile, second daughter of the first author. Martha prematurely left this world. She was born dead, as consequence of a medical doctor’s negligence, on
|
||
<date id="1A349896FFDDFF96FE81FE3BA464FD9F" box="[329,532,499,529]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="2003-08-20">August 20th 2003</date>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="2690EDDDFFDDFF96FF0EFDD1A527FDD0" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="6E35BE56FFDDFF96FF0EFDD1A527FDD0" blockId="7.[151,1437,152,1998]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFDDFF96FF0EFDD1A717FDB9" bold="true" box="[198,359,541,567]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
Thus far, this species is known to occur only on Volcan Wolf (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F6B1A2D3FFDDFF96FBA5FDD1A2C4FDB9" box="[1133,1204,541,567]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="1.[151,255,1509,1533]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,583,1483]" captionTargetId="figure@1.[151,1436,583,1483]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1. Galápagos archipelago. Grey indicates islands were land iguana species occur or have occurred in historic times. Crosses indicate extinction in whole island. A dot indicates Volcan Wolf." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/189621/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
), the northernmost volcano of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="169DFEC6FFDDFF96FED3FD88A735FDD0" box="[283,325,580,606]" name="Iceland" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Isla</collectingCountry>
|
||
Isabela (Galápagos National Park,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="169DFEC6FFDDFF96FD2CFD88A53BFDD0" box="[740,843,580,606]" name="Ecuador" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="2690EDDDFFDDFF96FF0EFDA6A71FFBF5" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="6E35BE56FFDDFF96FF0EFDA6A579FC91" blockId="7.[151,1437,152,1998]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFDDFF96FF0EFDA6A74FFD0A" bold="true" box="[198,319,618,644]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
The new species is easily distinguished from the other two congeneric species. The color pattern is typical of the new species and was never observed in any of the populations of the other two named species. The origin and the nature of the pink pigmentation deserve further investigation. Nevertheless, it is instructive to note that when we surgically removed one pink scale, blood flowed out of the tissue of the removed scale, which immediately lost its pink color.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6E35BE56FFDDFF96FF0DFCE0A684FC34" blockId="7.[151,1437,152,1998]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
Traits i) and ii) in the diagnosis are more evident in males, whereas they are variable and generally less pronounced in females. Although in the Plaza Sur population of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A98AC5D5FFDDFF96FC44FC9FA24DFCE2" box="[908,1085,851,876]" class="Reptilia" family="Iguanidae" genus="Conolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="subcristatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFDDFF96FC44FC9FA24DFCE2" box="[908,1085,851,876]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">C. subcristatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
almost flat dorsal head scales may be observed, such a trait never co-occurs in combination with the other traits characteristic of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A98AC5D5FFDDFF96FAD0FCB5A3EBFC1C" box="[1304,1435,889,914]" class="Reptilia" family="Iguanidae" genus="Conolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="marthae" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFDDFF96FAD0FCB5A3EBFC1C" box="[1304,1435,889,914]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">C. marthae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFDDFF96FF5FFC6CA684FC34" bold="true" box="[151,244,928,954]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="47CDDF3FFFDDFF96FF5FFC6CA684FC34" box="[151,244,928,954]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6E35BE56FFDDFF96FF0DFC0BA71FFBF5" blockId="7.[151,1437,152,1998]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
Although the “head-bob” pattern is slightly different between
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A98AC5D5FFDDFF96FC75FC0BA205FC6E" box="[957,1141,967,992]" class="Reptilia" family="Iguanidae" genus="Conolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="subcristatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFDDFF96FC75FC0BA205FC6E" box="[957,1141,967,992]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">C. subcristatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
populations in different islands (Gentile, unpublished data), the nodding behavior of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A98AC5D5FFDDFF96FC42FC22A265FB89" box="[906,1045,1006,1031]" class="Reptilia" family="Iguanidae" genus="Conolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="marthae" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFDDFF96FC42FC22A265FB89" box="[906,1045,1006,1031]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">C. marthae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFDDFF96FBD6FC21A2F1FB89" bold="true" box="[1054,1153,1005,1031]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="47CDDF3FFFDDFF96FBD6FC21A2F1FB89" box="[1054,1153,1005,1031]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
is very distinctive and characteristic. This is particularly relevant since it is exhibited in sympatry (syntopy) with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A98AC5D5FFDDFF96FB28FBD8A3E5FBA3" box="[1248,1429,1044,1069]" class="Reptilia" family="Iguanidae" genus="Conolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="subcristatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFDDFF96FB28FBD8A3E5FBA3" box="[1248,1429,1044,1069]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">C. subcristatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. None of the other species of land iguanas or any marine iguanas show a similar pattern (see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0A1BC3A7FFDDFF96FB10FBF6A3E7FBDA" author="Carpenter" box="[1240,1431,1082,1108]" pageId="7" pageNumber="9" refString="Carpenter, C. C. (1982) The aggressive displays of iguanine lizards. In: Burghardt, G. M. & Rand, A. S. (Eds), Iguanas of the world. Their behavior, ecology, and conservation. Noyes Publications, Park Ridge, New Jersey, pp. 215 - 231." type="book chapter" year="1982">Carpenter, 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, for a comparison).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="2690EDDDFFDDFF96FF0DFB44A770F968" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="6E35BE56FFDDFF96FF0DFB44A302FA3F" blockId="7.[151,1437,152,1998]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A98AC5D5FFDDFF96FF0DFB44A7B7FB2F" box="[197,455,1160,1185]" class="Reptilia" family="Iguanidae" genus="Conolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="marthae" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFDDFF96FF0DFB44A7B7FB2F" box="[197,455,1160,1185]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Conolophus marthae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFDDFF96FE18FB44A443FB2C" bold="true" box="[464,563,1160,1186]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="47CDDF3FFFDDFF96FE18FB44A443FB2C" box="[464,563,1160,1186]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
is distinct from the other two congeners by about 7% mtDNA genetic divergence, much higher than genetic divergence between
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A98AC5D5FFDDFF96FCA1FB63A580FB46" box="[873,1008,1199,1224]" class="Reptilia" family="Iguanidae" genus="Conolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pallidus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFDDFF96FCA1FB63A580FB46" box="[873,1008,1199,1224]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">C. pallidus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A98AC5D5FFDDFF96FBE5FB63A296FB46" box="[1069,1254,1199,1224]" class="Reptilia" family="Iguanidae" genus="Conolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="subcristatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFDDFF96FBE5FB63A296FB46" box="[1069,1254,1199,1224]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">C. subcristatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(less than 2%,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0A1BC3A7FFDDFF96FF5FFB19A70EFB61" author="Gentile" box="[151,382,1237,1263]" pageId="7" pageNumber="9" refString="Gentile, G., Fabiani, A., Marquez, C., Snell, H. L., Snell, H. M., Tapia, W. & Sbordoni, V. (2009) An overlooked pink species of land iguana in the Galapagos. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 106, 507 - 511." type="journal article" year="2009">
|
||
Gentile
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFDDFF96FF3FFB1AA745FB61" box="[247,309,1238,1263]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2009
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Twenty-four nucleotide sites of the control region and seventy-two nucleotide sites in cyt
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFDDFF96FF74FB30A6BBFA9B" box="[188,203,1276,1301]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">b</emphasis>
|
||
gene sequences are diagnostically different and allow distinguishing between the new species and the other congeneric ones. The deep divergence is estimated to have started in a period when the Galápagos did not have their current configuration (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0A1BC3A7FFDDFF96FD9EFA85A54EFAED" author="Gentile" box="[598,830,1353,1379]" pageId="7" pageNumber="9" refString="Gentile, G., Fabiani, A., Marquez, C., Snell, H. L., Snell, H. M., Tapia, W. & Sbordoni, V. (2009) An overlooked pink species of land iguana in the Galapagos. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 106, 507 - 511." type="journal article" year="2009">
|
||
Gentile
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFDDFF96FD70FA85A485FAEC" box="[696,757,1353,1378]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2009
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The absence of alleles shared with the other two species at the microsatellite locus CS7 and the presence of several private alleles at other loci (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0A1BC3A7FFDDFF96FAC2FABCA6A5FA3F" author="Tzika" pageId="7" pageNumber="9" refString="Tzika, A., Rosa, S., Marquez, C., Snell, H., Snell, H., Tapia, W., Gentile, G. & Milinkovitch, M. (2008) Population genetics of Galapagos land iguana (genus Conolophus) remnant populations. Molecular Ecology, 17, 4743 - 4952." type="journal article" year="2008">
|
||
Tzika
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFDDFF96FA90FABCA3E4FA07" box="[1368,1428,1392,1417]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2008
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0A1BC3A7FFDDFF96FF29FA5BA7B4FA3F" author="Gentile" box="[225,452,1431,1457]" pageId="7" pageNumber="9" refString="Gentile, G., Fabiani, A., Marquez, C., Snell, H. L., Snell, H. M., Tapia, W. & Sbordoni, V. (2009) An overlooked pink species of land iguana in the Galapagos. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 106, 507 - 511." type="journal article" year="2009">
|
||
Gentile
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFDDFF96FEF6FA5BA709FA3E" box="[318,377,1431,1456]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2009
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) indicate genetic isolation, even with the syntopic population of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A98AC5D5FFDDFF96FB73FA5BA31BFA3E" box="[1211,1387,1431,1456]" class="Reptilia" family="Iguanidae" genus="Conolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="subcristatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFDDFF96FB73FA5BA31BFA3E" box="[1211,1387,1431,1456]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">C. subcristatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6E35BE56FFDDFF96FF0DFA71A770F968" blockId="7.[151,1437,152,1998]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
Occasional hybridization between marine (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A98AC5D5FFDDFF96FD1DFA72A2FDFA59" authority="Bell, 1825" authorityName="Bell" authorityYear="1825" box="[725,1165,1469,1495]" class="Reptilia" family="Iguanidae" genus="Amblyrhynchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cristatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFDDFF96FD1DFA72A273FA59" box="[725,1027,1470,1495]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Amblyrhynchus cristatus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0A1BC3A7FFDDFF96FBC4FA71A2FDFA59" author="Bell" box="[1036,1165,1469,1495]" pageId="7" pageNumber="9" refString="Bell, T. (1825) On a new genus of Iguanidae. Zoological Journal, 2, 204 - 207." type="journal article" year="1825">Bell, 1825</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and land iguanas (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A98AC5D5FFDDFF96FA48FA72A75BFA73" class="Reptilia" family="Iguanidae" genus="Conolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="subcristatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFDDFF96FA48FA72A75BFA73" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">C. subcristatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) may still occur on
|
||
<collectingCountry id="169DFEC6FFDDFF96FDEDFA28A421FA70" box="[549,593,1508,1534]" name="Iceland" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Isla</collectingCountry>
|
||
Plaza Sur, generating a black, brow-striped F1 hybrid (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0A1BC3A7FFDDFF96FB36FA28A771F9AA" author="Rassmann" pageId="7" pageNumber="9" refString="Rassmann K., Trillmich, F. & Tautz, D. (1997) Hybridization between the Galapagos land and marine iguana (Conolophus subcristatus and Amblyrhynchus cristatus) on Plaza Sur. Journal of Zoology, 242, 729 - 739." type="journal article" year="1997">
|
||
Rassmann
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFDDFF96FA4EFA28A6C7F9AA" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
,1997
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A98AC5D5FFDDFF96FED0F9C7A46CF9AA" box="[280,540,1547,1572]" class="Reptilia" family="Iguanidae" genus="Conolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="marthae" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFDDFF96FED0F9C7A46CF9AA" box="[280,540,1547,1572]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Conolophus marthae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="47CDDF3FFFDDFF96FDEDF9C6A4F9F9AA" box="[549,649,1546,1572]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFDDFF96FDEDF9C6A4F9F9AA" bold="true" box="[549,649,1546,1572]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
lacks in any of the adaptive traits exhibited by marine iguanas (shortened snout; laterally compressed tail; developed caudal crest; long, recurved claws) and genetic data (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0A1BC3A7FFDDFF96FF57F994A7FAF9FC" author="Gentile" box="[159,394,1624,1650]" pageId="7" pageNumber="9" refString="Gentile, G., Fabiani, A., Marquez, C., Snell, H. L., Snell, H. M., Tapia, W. & Sbordoni, V. (2009) An overlooked pink species of land iguana in the Galapagos. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 106, 507 - 511." type="journal article" year="2009">
|
||
Gentile
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFDDFF96FECCF994A732F9FF" box="[260,322,1624,1649]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2009
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) provide strong evidence that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A98AC5D5FFDDFF96FCC8F994A5FAF9FF" box="[768,906,1624,1649]" class="Reptilia" family="Iguanidae" genus="Conolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="marthae" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFDDFF96FCC8F994A5FAF9FF" box="[768,906,1624,1649]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">C. marthae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFDDFF96FC5BF994A585F9FC" bold="true" box="[915,1013,1624,1650]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="47CDDF3FFFDDFF96FC5BF994A585F9FC" box="[915,1013,1624,1650]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
did not originate by hybridization between marine and land (yellow) iguanas. A total of 120 individuals of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A98AC5D5FFDDFF96FC32F9B3A283F916" box="[1018,1267,1663,1688]" class="Reptilia" family="Iguanidae" genus="Conolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="marthae" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFDDFF96FC32F9B3A283F916" box="[1018,1267,1663,1688]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Conolophus marthae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFDDFF96FB33F9B2A32AF916" bold="true" box="[1275,1370,1662,1688]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="47CDDF3FFFDDFF96FB33F9B2A32AF916" box="[1275,1370,1662,1688]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
were observed and sampled in three field trips, in 2005, 2006, and 2009 (see the paragraph “Notes added in proofs”).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="2690EDDDFFDDFF96FF0DF93FA531F840" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="6E35BE56FFDDFF96FF0DF93FA531F840" blockId="7.[151,1437,152,1998]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
Besides the taxonomic implications,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A98AC5D5FFDDFF96FD49F93FA578F882" box="[641,776,1779,1804]" class="Reptilia" family="Iguanidae" genus="Conolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="marthae" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFDDFF96FD49F93FA578F882" box="[641,776,1779,1804]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">C. marthae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFDDFF96FCD9F93EA500F882" bold="true" box="[785,880,1778,1804]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="47CDDF3FFFDDFF96FCD9F93EA500F882" box="[785,880,1778,1804]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
is very important as it is the only evidence of deep divergence within the Galápagos land iguana lineage. In fact, the new species carries an ancient evolutionary legacy, being the only remnant of a lineage originated when the Galápagos archipelago did not have its present configuration.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A98AC5D5FFDDFF96FDCCF8ABA48CF80E" box="[516,764,1895,1920]" class="Reptilia" family="Iguanidae" genus="Conolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="marthae" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFDDFF96FDCCF8ABA48CF80E" box="[516,764,1895,1920]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Conolophus marthae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFDDFF96FCCCF8AAA512F80E" bold="true" box="[772,866,1894,1920]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="47CDDF3FFFDDFF96FCCCF8AAA512F80E" box="[772,866,1894,1920]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
is a narrow endemism and its population size is small. Its inclusion in the Red List of the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) as "critically endangered" has been recommended (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0A1BC3A7FFDDFF96FD9BF878A544F840" author="Gentile" box="[595,820,1972,1998]" pageId="7" pageNumber="9" refString="Gentile, G., Fabiani, A., Marquez, C., Snell, H. L., Snell, H. M., Tapia, W. & Sbordoni, V. (2009) An overlooked pink species of land iguana in the Galapagos. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 106, 507 - 511." type="journal article" year="2009">
|
||
Gentile
|
||
<emphasis id="5CFE6244FFDDFF96FD7BF878A49DF843" box="[691,749,1972,1997]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2009
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |