142 lines
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142 lines
13 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.123.1448" ID-GBIF-Dataset="f1dbd205-6f2f-4feb-867e-d52041258d12" ID-PMC="PMC3175121" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-123-1" ID-PubMed="21998529" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2011" ModsDocID="1313-2970-123-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 123" ModsDocTitle="Australian Assassins, Part I: A review of the Assassin Spiders (Araneae, Archaeidae) of mid-eastern Australia" checkinTime="1451249962699" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Rix, Michael G. & Harvey, Mark S." docDate="2011" docId="A7CDE94CB84E8366FD8773DE642E6F15" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 123: 1-100" docOrigin="ZooKeys 123" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.123.1448" docTitle="Austrarchaea smithae Blue Mountains Assassin Spider Rix & Harvey, sp. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="36" masterDocId="A428FFEAFD3A7353FFACFFBCFFFA6D47" masterDocTitle="Australian Assassins, Part I: A review of the Assassin Spiders (Araneae, Archaeidae) of mid-eastern Australia" masterLastPageNumber="100" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="34" updateTime="1668152002706" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Australian Assassins, Part I: A review of the Assassin Spiders (Araneae, Archaeidae) of mid-eastern Australia</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Rix, Michael G.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Harvey, Mark S.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2011</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>123</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>100</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.123.1448</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.123.1448</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-123-1</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152030491" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:A7583511-45FB-47A5-805F-1AA36E168237" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/A7CDE94CB84E8366FD8773DE642E6F15" lastPageId="35" lastPageNumber="36" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
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<subSubSection pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
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<taxonomicName LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:A7583511-45FB-47A5-805F-1AA36E168237" authority="Rix & Harvey" class="Arachnida" family="Archaeidae" genus="Austrarchaea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Austrarchaea smithae" name="Blue Mountains Assassin Spider" order="Araneae" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="vernacular name" species="smithae" vernacular="vernacular">Austrarchaea smithae Blue Mountains Assassin Spider Rix & Harvey</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="33" pageNumber="34">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Figs 7N9G2543
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="type material">
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<paragraph pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Type material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
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Holotype male: Blue Mountains National Park, Mount Wilson, off Mount Wilson Road, New South Wales, Australia,
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="-33.515556">33°30'56"S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="150.365">150°21'54"E</geoCoordinate>
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, sifting elevated leaf litter under
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<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Xanthorrhoea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Xanthorrhoea" order="Asparagales" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Xanthorrhoea</taxonomicName>
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, complex eucalypt forest with thick understory bordering rainforest, 948 m, 9.IV.2010, M. Rix, D. Harms (AMS KS114978).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Paratypes: Allotype female, same data as holotype (AMS KS114979); 2 females and 2 juveniles, same data as holotype (WAM T112576DNA: Ar32-116-F/Ar32-117-J/Ar32-118-J).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="34" lastPageNumber="35" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="additional material examined (of tentative identification)">
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<paragraph pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Additional material examined (of tentative identification).</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="34" lastPageNumber="35" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
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AUSTRALIA. New South Wales: Kanangra-Boyd National Park: Kanangra Walls, near lookout, 33°59'08"S, 150°06'40"E, sifting elevated leaf litter under
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<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Xanthorrhoea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Xanthorrhoea" order="Asparagales" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Xanthorrhoea</taxonomicName>
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, montane
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<pageBreakToken pageId="34" pageNumber="35" start="start">sclerophyll</pageBreakToken>
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forest/heathland with thick understory, 1091 m, 10.IV.2010, M. Rix, D. Harms, 4 juveniles (WAM T112578DNA: Ar33-119-J/Ar33-120-J/Ar33-121-J); Kanangra Waterfall, near Kanangra Walls,
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="-33.984444">33°59'04"S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="150.10918">150°06'33"E</geoCoordinate>
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, sifting elevated leaf litter under ferns, streamside vegetation next to Kanangra Brook, 1069 m, 10.IV.2010, M. Rix, D. Harms, 2 juveniles (WAM T112579DNA: Ar34-122-J/Ar34-123-J).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="additional material (not examined)">
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<paragraph pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Additional material (not examined).</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
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AUSTRALIA: New South Wales: Kanangra-Boyd National Park: Kanangra Walls, near lookout,
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="-33.985558">33°59'08"S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="150.11111">150°06'40"E</geoCoordinate>
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, sifting elevated leaf litter under
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<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Xanthorrhoea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Xanthorrhoea" order="Asparagales" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Xanthorrhoea</taxonomicName>
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, montane sclerophyll forest/heathland with thick understory, 6.XI.2008, H. Smith, 2 juveniles (AMS KS110500).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="34" pageNumber="35">The specific epithet is a patronym in honour of Dr Helen Smith, for first discovering archaeids in the Blue Mountains region west of Sydney.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Archaeidae" genus="Austrarchaea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Austrarchaea smithae" order="Araneae" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="smithae">Austrarchaea smithae</taxonomicName>
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can be distinguished from all other
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<taxonomicName family="Archaeidae" lsidName="" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" rank="family">Archaeidae</taxonomicName>
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from mid-eastern Australia by the unique shape of the male
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<normalizedToken originalValue="‘head’">'head'</normalizedToken>
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(Fig. 9G), which is strongly elevated dorsally (post-ocular ratio 0.39), with the highest point of the pars cephalica (HPC) closer to the middle of the
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<normalizedToken originalValue="‘head’">'head'</normalizedToken>
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than to the posterior margin of the carapace (ratio of HPC to post-ocular length <0.75).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="34" pageNumber="35">This species can also be distinguished from other genotyped taxa from mid-eastern Australia (see Fig. 3B) by the following 12 unique nucleotide substitutions for COI and COII (n = 3): C(42), A(45), A(81), G(120), G(288), G(456), A(708), G(758), G(1269), A(1346), C(1368), C(1590).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="35" lastPageNumber="36" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
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Holotype male: Total length 2.97; leg I femur 2.79; F1/CL ratio 2.48. Cephalothorax dark reddish-brown; legs tan-brown with darker annulations; abdomen mottled grey-brown and beige, with darker reddish-brown dorsal scute and sclerites (Fig. 25B). Carapace tall (CH/CL ratio 2.14); 1.13 long, 2.41 high, 1.05 wide;
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<normalizedToken originalValue="‘neck’">'neck'</normalizedToken>
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0.51 wide; bearing two pairs of rudimentary horns; highest point of pars cephalica (HPC) approaching posterior quarter of
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<normalizedToken originalValue="‘head’">'head'</normalizedToken>
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(ratio of HPC to post-ocular length 0.71), carapace gently sloping posterior to HPC;
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<normalizedToken originalValue="‘head’">'head'</normalizedToken>
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strongly elevated dorsally (post-ocular ratio 0.39) (Fig. 9G). Chelicerae with short brush of accessory setae on anterior face of paturon (Fig. 25C). Abdomen 1.59 long, 1.27 wide; with three pairs of dorsal hump-like tubercles (HT 1-6); dorsal scute fused anteriorly to epigastric sclerites, extending posteriorly to first pair of hump-like tubercles; HT 3-6 each covered by separate dorsal sclerites. Unexpanded pedipalp (Figs 25D-F) with thin, slightly-tapered, rectangular conductor; tegular sclerite 1 (TS 1) long, spiniform, obscured by conductor in retrolateral view; TS 2 spur-like, shorter than TS 1; TS 2a sinuous, largely obscured by TS 2; TS 3 embedded proximally within distal haematodocha, with arched dorsal margin and bluntly-pointed apex projecting ventrally beyond retro-distal rim of tegulum.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="35" lastPageNumber="36" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
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Allotype female: Total length 4.00; leg I femur 3.09; F1/CL ratio 2.30. Cephalothorax dark reddish-brown; legs tan-brown with darker annulations; abdomen mottled grey-brown and beige (Fig. 25A). Carapace tall (CH/CL ratio 2.13); 1.35 long, 2.87 high, 1.23 wide;
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<normalizedToken originalValue="‘neck’">'neck'</normalizedToken>
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0.65 wide; bearing two pairs of rudimentary horns; highest point of pars cephalica (HPC) near posterior third of
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<normalizedToken originalValue="‘head’">'head'</normalizedToken>
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(ratio of HPC to post-ocular length 0.66), carapace gently sloping posterior to HPC;
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<normalizedToken originalValue="‘head’">'head'</normalizedToken>
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moderately elevated dorsally (post-ocular ratio 0.34) (Fig. 7N). Chelicerae without accessory setae on
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<pageBreakToken pageId="35" pageNumber="36" start="start">anterior</pageBreakToken>
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face of paturon. Abdomen 2.56 long, 1.96 wide; with three pairs of dorsal hump-like tubercles (HT 1-6). Internal genitalia with cluster of ≤ 12 variably shaped spermathecae on either side of gonopore, clusters meeting near midline of genital plate (Fig. 25G); innermost (anterior) spermathecae longest, sausage-shaped, curved antero-laterally; outermost (posterior) spermathecae bulbous; other spermathecae variably pyriform, straight, directed antero-laterally.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Variation: Females (n=3): total length 3.74-4.00; carapace length 1.28-1.35; carapace height 2.62-2.92; CH/CL ratio 2.04-2.19.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Distribution and habitat.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Archaeidae" genus="Austrarchaea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Austrarchaea smithae" order="Araneae" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="smithae">Austrarchaea smithae</taxonomicName>
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is known only from wet eucalypt forest habitats in the Blue Mountains National Park west of Sydney, New South Wales (Fig. 43). Numerous juvenile specimens from the Kanangra Walls Plateau (Kanangra-Boyd National Park) may also belong to this species, but possess divergent mtDNA sequences indicative of possible speciation (Fig. 3B).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="conservation status">
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<paragraph pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Conservation status.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="35" pageNumber="36">This species has an imperfectly known distribution, and although potentially restricted, appears to be relatively abundant within the World Heritage-listed Blue Mountains National Park near Mount Wilson (M. Rix, pers. obs.). It is not considered to be of conservation concern.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |