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<document id="C4D39210E250ECF3551D3D28DE2673A1" ID-CLB-Dataset="46051" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3785.3.2" ID-GBIF-Dataset="d4a48a59-b60d-4700-a64d-f2f53b7df12c" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="250508" ID-ZooBank="730A6AE5-C1C1-414E-8AF6-3C38139B5AE1" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460406569024" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Heller, Klaus-Gerhard, Hemp, Claudia, Liu, Chunxiang &amp; Volleth, Marianne" docDate="2014" docId="6C7D87A0736DFFE0629AFA0EFCE6124A" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03785p376.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3785 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Leproscirtus granulosus Karsch 1886" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="368" masterDocId="9044FFD87375FFF9620DFFBCFE46154D" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic, bioacoustic and faunistic data on a collection of Tettigonioidea from Eastern Congo (Insecta: Orthoptera)" masterLastPageNumber="376" masterPageNumber="343" pageNumber="367" updateTime="1698299863175" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="B3C49DF7D959513447E4C5536288FB53">Taxonomic, bioacoustic and faunistic data on a collection of Tettigonioidea from Eastern Congo (Insecta: Orthoptera)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="ED2D1E112F98AB4588FA34BDE723229C">Heller, Klaus-Gerhard</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="8C4A29C1913BD3A8BA5C8F6B06B94EFE">Hemp, Claudia</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="A43B7B6011B97C7BF87C45F06656EF9E">Liu, Chunxiang</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="936D0D335DFE383345ADBE702CE53ED6">Volleth, Marianne</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="CC0F9ECDD5B2CD2C2E9E6E257EC5989A">2014</mods:date>
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<treatment id="6C7D87A0736DFFE0629AFA0EFCE6124A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6143055" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119421919" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6143055" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6C7D87A0736DFFE0629AFA0EFCE6124A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/6C7D87A0736DFFE0629AFA0EFCE6124A" lastPageId="25" lastPageNumber="368" pageId="24" pageNumber="367">
<subSubSection id="ACCE653D736DFFE1629AFA0EFC211086" box="[151,615,1458,1483]" pageId="24" pageNumber="367" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="E46B36B6736DFFE1629AFA0EFC211086" blockId="24.[151,615,1458,1483]" box="[151,615,1458,1483]" pageId="24" pageNumber="367">
<heading id="BF2381DA736DFFE1629AFA0EFC211086" bold="true" box="[151,615,1458,1483]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="24" pageNumber="367" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="23D44D35736DFFE1629AFA0EFC211086" authority="Karsch, 1886" authorityName="Karsch" authorityYear="1886" box="[151,615,1458,1483]" class="Insecta" family="Phaneropteridae" genus="Leproscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="367" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="granulosus">
<emphasis id="D6A0EAA4736DFFE1629AFA0EFC211086" bold="true" box="[151,615,1458,1483]" pageId="24" pageNumber="367">
<emphasis id="D6A0EAA4736DFFE1629AFA0EFFE91086" bold="true" box="[151,431,1458,1483]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="367">Leproscirtus granulosus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="80454B47736DFFE163B3FA0EFC181086" author="Karsch" box="[446,606,1458,1483]" pageId="24" pageNumber="367" refString="Karsch, F. (1886) Eine neue westafrikanische Mecopode. Entomologische Nachrichten, Berlin, 12, 316 - 318." type="journal article" year="1886">Karsch, 1886</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="ACCE653D736DFFE0629AFA47FCE6124A" lastPageId="25" lastPageNumber="368" pageId="24" pageNumber="367" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="E46B36B6736DFFE1629AFA47FC76135D" blockId="24.[151,680,1530,1613]" box="[151,560,1530,1552]" pageId="24" pageNumber="367">
<taxonomicName id="23D44D35736DFFE1629AFA47FFA4135D" authority="Karny, 1919" authorityName="Karny" authorityYear="1919" box="[151,482,1530,1552]" class="Insecta" family="Phaneropteridae" genus="Leproscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="367" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ebneri">
<emphasis id="D6A0EAA4736DFFE1629AFA47FF1B135D" box="[151,349,1530,1552]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="367">Leproscirtus ebneri</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="80454B47736DFFE1636EFA47FFA4135D" author="Karny" box="[355,482,1530,1552]" pageId="24" pageNumber="367" refString="Karny, H. H. (1919) Revision der Gattung Leproscirtus (Orthoptera, Mecopodinae). Zoologischer Anzeiger, 50, 287 - 289." type="journal article" year="1919">Karny, 1919</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="CD9357DF736DFFE163E0FA47FC76135D" box="[493,560,1531,1552]" pageId="24" pageNumber="367">syn. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E46B36B6736DFFE1629AF9A6FC7F1362" blockId="24.[151,680,1530,1613]" box="[151,569,1561,1583]" pageId="24" pageNumber="367">
<taxonomicName id="23D44D35736DFFE1629AF9A6FFAA1362" authority="Karny, 1919" authorityName="Karny" authorityYear="1919" box="[151,492,1561,1583]" class="Insecta" family="Phaneropteridae" genus="Leproscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="367" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="karschi">
<emphasis id="D6A0EAA4736DFFE1629AF9A6FF211362" box="[151,359,1561,1583]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="367">Leproscirtus karschi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="80454B47736DFFE16360F9A6FFAA1362" author="Karny" box="[365,492,1561,1583]" pageId="24" pageNumber="367" refString="Karny, H. H. (1919) Revision der Gattung Leproscirtus (Orthoptera, Mecopodinae). Zoologischer Anzeiger, 50, 287 - 289." type="journal article" year="1919">Karny, 1919</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="CD9357DF736DFFE163FBF9A6FC7F1362" box="[502,569,1562,1583]" pageId="24" pageNumber="367">syn. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E46B36B6736DFFE1629AF984FCEE1300" blockId="24.[151,680,1530,1613]" box="[151,680,1591,1613]" pageId="24" pageNumber="367">
<taxonomicName id="23D44D35736DFFE1629AF984FC1D1300" authority="Karny, 1919" authorityName="Karny" authorityYear="1919" box="[151,603,1591,1613]" class="Insecta" family="Phaneropteridae" genus="Leproscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="367" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="granulosus" subSpecies="aptera">
<emphasis id="D6A0EAA4736DFFE1629AF984FF931300" box="[151,469,1591,1613]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="367">Leproscirtus granulosus aptera</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="80454B47736DFFE163D1F984FC1D1300" author="Karny" box="[476,603,1591,1613]" pageId="24" pageNumber="367" refString="Karny, H. H. (1919) Revision der Gattung Leproscirtus (Orthoptera, Mecopodinae). Zoologischer Anzeiger, 50, 287 - 289." type="journal article" year="1919">Karny, 1919</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="CD9357DF736DFFE16068F984FCEE1300" box="[613,680,1592,1613]" pageId="24" pageNumber="367">syn. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E46B36B6736DFFE1629AF9C6FD5413DF" blockId="24.[151,1436,1658,1971]" box="[151,786,1658,1682]" pageId="24" pageNumber="367">
[A]
<collectingCountry id="9CC37626736DFFE162C8F9C6FEAA13DF" box="[197,236,1658,1682]" name="Switzerland" pageId="24" pageNumber="367">CH</collectingCountry>
4983–4 2 ♂♂,
<collectingCountry id="9CC37626736DFFE16399F9C6FFFA13DF" box="[404,444,1658,1682]" name="Switzerland" pageId="24" pageNumber="367">CH</collectingCountry>
4938,
<collectingCountry id="9CC37626736DFFE1600DF9C6FC6E13DF" box="[512,552,1658,1682]" name="Switzerland" pageId="24" pageNumber="367">CH</collectingCountry>
4989,
<collectingCountry id="9CC37626736DFFE16060F9C6FCD213DF" box="[621,660,1658,1682]" name="Switzerland" pageId="24" pageNumber="367">CH</collectingCountry>
4993 3 ♀♀
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E46B36B6736DFFE162CAF922FC5D12FE" blockId="24.[151,1436,1658,1971]" pageId="24" pageNumber="367">
While the arrangement of the specimens in this genus is quite clear, the identification to species level is difficult from two reasons, from the variation of the diagnostic characters and from the definition of the species. The genus was considered as monotypic, until
<bibRefCitation id="80454B47736DFFE160AFF95BFD7F13B2" author="Karny" box="[674,825,1767,1791]" pageId="24" pageNumber="367" refString="Karny, H. H. (1919) Revision der Gattung Leproscirtus (Orthoptera, Mecopodinae). Zoologischer Anzeiger, 50, 287 - 289." type="journal article" year="1919">Karny (1919)</bibRefCitation>
described four new species. One of them,
<taxonomicName id="23D44D35736DFFE16718F95BFBD313B2" box="[1301,1429,1766,1791]" class="Insecta" family="Phaneropteridae" genus="Leproscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="367" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brunneri">
<emphasis id="D6A0EAA4736DFFE16718F95BFBD313B2" box="[1301,1429,1766,1791]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="367">L. brunneri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, seems to differ from all others by a double tooth on each tergite. In the same paper Karny described another new species from literature,
<emphasis id="D6A0EAA4736DFFE163ACF893FC5A120B" box="[417,540,1838,1862]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="367">
<taxonomicName id="23D44D35736DFFE163ACF893FC5E120B" box="[417,536,1838,1862]" class="Insecta" family="Phaneropteridae" genus="Leproscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="367" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="griffinii">L. griffinii</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
but the sole diagnostic character, the unusual length of tegmina, was obviously based on a printing error, and the species was synonymised by
<bibRefCitation id="80454B47736DFFE1618DF8EEFA5A1227" author="Ebner" box="[896,1052,1874,1899]" pageId="24" pageNumber="367" refString="Ebner, R. (1943) Einige Orthoptera Saltatoria von Fernando Po (Spanisch Guinea). Zoologischer Anzeiger, 143, 259 - 274." type="journal article" year="1943">Ebner (1943)</bibRefCitation>
. The remaining three species are relatively similar to each other, and differ according to the descriptions in the colour of some body parts and the shape of the male subgenital plate.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E46B36B6736CFFE062CAFF24FFF516A1" blockId="25.[151,1436,151,1799]" pageId="25" pageNumber="368">
Our female specimens (habitus
<figureCitation id="7CEF2A33736CFFE06021FF2BFC3B15FD" box="[556,637,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="21.[151,250,1940,1962]" captionTargetBox="[205,1336,193,1857]" captionTargetId="figure@21.[205,1337,193,1858]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 13. Habitus. A— Oxyaspis congensis, active, B— Oxyaspis congensis, nearly at rest, C— Zabalius apicalis inversus, D— Pantecphylus (P.) helleri, E— Batodromeus subulo, F— Lichenochrus congicus, G— Leproscirtus granulosus ♂, H— Leproscirtus granulosus ♀, I— Karniella crassicerca, J— Plastocorypha ituriana." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250521/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="368">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
H) agree exactly with the description of the
<typeStatus id="3B6F8814736CFFE06675FF2BFA9C15FD" box="[1144,1242,151,176]" pageId="25" pageNumber="368" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="23D44D35736CFFE0670CFF25FF7C1598" authority="Karsch (1886)" authorityName="Karsch" authorityYear="1886" class="Insecta" family="Phaneropteridae" genus="Leproscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="368" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="granulosus">
<emphasis id="D6A0EAA4736CFFE0670CFF25FBDA15FD" box="[1281,1436,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="368">L. granulosus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="80454B47736CFFE0629AFF00FF7C1598" author="Karsch" box="[151,314,188,213]" pageId="25" pageNumber="368" refString="Karsch, F. (1886) Eine neue westafrikanische Mecopode. Entomologische Nachrichten, Berlin, 12, 316 - 318." type="journal article" year="1886">Karsch (1886)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(single known specimen at that time;
<typeStatus id="3B6F8814736CFFE060FBFF00FD1E1598" box="[758,856,188,213]" pageId="25" pageNumber="368" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
probably lost, missing in MfN at least since 1974 according to a note in the collection) having rudimentary tegmina, the tip of the ovipositor not reaching knees of hind legs (except one leg; see below) and face and other parts not bright yellow (no yellow markings mentioned in description in contrast to specimens described later (1891) by Karsch). The tegmina overlap the caudal edge of the mesonotum, longer than described for
<taxonomicName id="23D44D35736CFFE06044FEF1FCFF1428" box="[585,697,332,357]" class="Insecta" family="Phaneropteridae" genus="Leproscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="368" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="karschi">
<emphasis id="D6A0EAA4736CFFE06044FEF1FCFF1428" box="[585,697,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="368">L. karschi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="80454B47736CFFE060C5FEF0FDED1429" author="Karny" box="[712,939,332,356]" pageId="25" pageNumber="368" refString="Karny, H. H. (1919) Revision der Gattung Leproscirtus (Orthoptera, Mecopodinae). Zoologischer Anzeiger, 50, 287 - 289." type="journal article" year="1919" yearSuffix="p">Karny, 1919: p. 288</bibRefCitation>
) in which also the hind femora reach the tip of the ovipositor.
<bibRefCitation id="80454B47736CFFE06367FECCFC4E14C5" author="Karny" box="[362,520,368,392]" pageId="25" pageNumber="368" refString="Karny, H. H. (1919) Revision der Gattung Leproscirtus (Orthoptera, Mecopodinae). Zoologischer Anzeiger, 50, 287 - 289." type="journal article" year="1919">Karny (1919)</bibRefCitation>
, however, defines
<taxonomicName id="23D44D35736CFFE060EBFECDFD9914C5" authority="Karsch" authorityName="Karsch" box="[742,991,367,392]" class="Insecta" family="Phaneropteridae" genus="Leproscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="368" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="granulosus">
<emphasis id="D6A0EAA4736CFFE060EBFECDFDC314C5" box="[742,901,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="368">L. granulosus</emphasis>
Karsch
</taxonomicName>
as having face, genae, lower edge of pronotum and mesopleura bright yellow, probably influenced by a series of specimens (from Barombi Station,
<collectingCountry id="9CC37626736CFFE0629AFE04FF48149D" box="[151,270,440,464]" name="Cameroon" pageId="25" pageNumber="368">Cameroun</collectingCountry>
) described by
<bibRefCitation id="80454B47736CFFE063BDFE0BFC16149D" author="Karsch" box="[432,592,439,464]" pageId="25" pageNumber="368" refString="Karsch, F. (1891) Uebersicht der von Herrn Dr. Paul Preuss auf der Barombi-Station in Kamerun gesammelten Locustodeen. Anhang: Ueber die Mecopodiden. Berliner Entomologische Zeitschrift, 36, 317 - 346." type="journal article" year="1891">Karsch (1891)</bibRefCitation>
which all show this character, and own new material (at least two females). According to the material in MfN, the coloration can be variable even in individuals of the same locality (yellow in 2 of
<specimenCount id="F2D2FD3F736CFFE062DCFDBCFF191755" box="[209,351,511,536]" pageId="25" pageNumber="368" type="generic">8 specimens</specimenCount>
(and in female deposited in Geneve;
<bibRefCitation id="80454B47736CFFE06117FE43FDE81755" author="Hollier" box="[794,942,511,536]" pageId="25" pageNumber="368" refString="Hollier, J. A. (2010) An annotated list of type specimens of Orthoptera (Insecta) described by Ferdinand Karsch and deposited in the collections of the Museum d'histoire naturelle de la Ville de Geneve. Revue Suisse de Zoologie, 117, 17 - 22." type="journal article" year="2010">Hollier 2010</bibRefCitation>
) from Buea,
<collectingCountry id="9CC37626736CFFE06641FDBCFA851755" box="[1100,1219,512,536]" name="Cameroon" pageId="25" pageNumber="368">Cameroun</collectingCountry>
, and in 7 out of
<specimenCount id="F2D2FD3F736CFFE06783FDBCFF4A1770" pageId="25" pageNumber="368" type="generic">8 specimens</specimenCount>
from Victoria,
<collectingCountry id="9CC37626736CFFE063B3FD98FC7E1771" box="[446,568,548,572]" name="Cameroon" pageId="25" pageNumber="368">Cameroun</collectingCountry>
). Only from Barombi, all specimens in MfN are yellow as noted by
<bibRefCitation id="80454B47736CFFE06741FD98FEA3172D" author="Karsch" pageId="25" pageNumber="368" refString="Karsch, F. (1891) Uebersicht der von Herrn Dr. Paul Preuss auf der Barombi-Station in Kamerun gesammelten Locustodeen. Anhang: Ueber die Mecopodiden. Berliner Entomologische Zeitschrift, 36, 317 - 346." type="journal article" year="1891">Karsch (1891)</bibRefCitation>
.
<bibRefCitation id="80454B47736CFFE062F9FDF4FFD6172D" author="Karny" box="[244,400,584,608]" pageId="25" pageNumber="368" refString="Karny, H. H. (1919) Revision der Gattung Leproscirtus (Orthoptera, Mecopodinae). Zoologischer Anzeiger, 50, 287 - 289." type="journal article" year="1919">Karny (1919)</bibRefCitation>
splits the former
<taxonomicName id="23D44D35736CFFE06065FDF5FD41172D" box="[616,775,583,608]" class="Insecta" family="Phaneropteridae" genus="Leproscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="368" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="granulosus">
<emphasis id="D6A0EAA4736CFFE06065FDF5FD41172D" box="[616,775,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="368">L. granulosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in three species distinguished by the shape of the male subgenital plate and colour (yellow body parts diagnostic for ‘true’
<taxonomicName id="23D44D35736CFFE061A2FDD1FA0A17C8" box="[943,1100,620,645]" class="Insecta" family="Phaneropteridae" genus="Leproscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="368" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="granulosus">
<emphasis id="D6A0EAA4736CFFE061A2FDD1FA0A17C8" box="[943,1100,620,645]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="368">L. granulosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). Unfortunately, however, as mentioned above, the
<typeStatus id="3B6F8814736CFFE06383FD33FFB617E5" box="[398,496,655,680]" pageId="25" pageNumber="368" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="23D44D35736CFFE0601BFD2DFCF717E5" box="[534,689,655,680]" class="Insecta" family="Phaneropteridae" genus="Leproscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="368" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="granulosus">
<emphasis id="D6A0EAA4736CFFE0601BFD2DFCF717E5" box="[534,689,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="368">L. granulosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was very probably not yellow. The females of Karny’s
<taxonomicName id="23D44D35736CFFE06712FD33FBDA17E5" box="[1311,1436,655,680]" class="Insecta" family="Phaneropteridae" genus="Leproscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="368" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="granulosus">
<emphasis id="D6A0EAA4736CFFE06712FD33FBDA17E5" box="[1311,1436,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="368">granulosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have also clearly longer hind femora than the
<typeStatus id="3B6F8814736CFFE06094FD09FC8F1780" box="[665,713,693,717]" pageId="25" pageNumber="368">type</typeStatus>
(
<quantity id="232C9B53736CFFE060D5FD08FD391781" box="[728,895,692,717]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.065" metricValueMax="3.08" metricValueMin="3.05" pageId="25" pageNumber="368" unit="mm" value="30.65" valueMax="30.8" valueMin="30.5">30.5–30.8 mm</quantity>
,
<typeStatus id="3B6F8814736CFFE06186FD09FDFD1780" box="[907,955,693,717]" pageId="25" pageNumber="368">type</typeStatus>
<quantity id="232C9B53736CFFE061CFFD08FA6E1781" box="[962,1064,692,717]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.68" pageId="25" pageNumber="368" unit="mm" value="26.8">26.8 mm</quantity>
, our specimens
<collectingCountry id="9CC37626736CFFE066D1FD08FB451781" box="[1244,1283,692,716]" name="Switzerland" pageId="25" pageNumber="368">CH</collectingCountry>
4993 left side 24 (shorter), right 25 (longer than ovipositor),
<collectingCountry id="9CC37626736CFFE060A9FD64FC8D17BD" box="[676,715,728,752]" name="Switzerland" pageId="25" pageNumber="368">CH</collectingCountry>
4989 both sides 26,
<collectingCountry id="9CC37626736CFFE061A2FD64FD9017BD" box="[943,982,728,752]" name="Switzerland" pageId="25" pageNumber="368">CH</collectingCountry>
4938 left side 25, right
<quantity id="232C9B53736CFFE066D2FD6BFB0217A2" box="[1247,1348,727,752]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.45" pageId="25" pageNumber="368" unit="mm" value="24.5">24.5 mm</quantity>
(longer than ovipositor)). So our specimens seem to be true
<taxonomicName id="23D44D35736CFFE060D4FD40FD131658" box="[729,853,764,789]" class="Insecta" family="Phaneropteridae" genus="Leproscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="368" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="granulosus">
<emphasis id="D6A0EAA4736CFFE060D4FD40FD131658" box="[729,853,764,789]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="368">granulosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Possibly
<bibRefCitation id="80454B47736CFFE061C5FD40FA2E1659" author="Karsch" box="[968,1128,764,789]" pageId="25" pageNumber="368" refString="Karsch, F. (1891) Uebersicht der von Herrn Dr. Paul Preuss auf der Barombi-Station in Kamerun gesammelten Locustodeen. Anhang: Ueber die Mecopodiden. Berliner Entomologische Zeitschrift, 36, 317 - 346." type="journal article" year="1891">Karsch (1891)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="80454B47736CFFE06693FD41FB731659" author="Karny" box="[1182,1333,764,789]" pageId="25" pageNumber="368" refString="Karny, H. H. (1919) Revision der Gattung Leproscirtus (Orthoptera, Mecopodinae). Zoologischer Anzeiger, 50, 287 - 289." type="journal article" year="1919">Karny (1919)</bibRefCitation>
assumed a second species (?) to be
<taxonomicName id="23D44D35736CFFE063C6FCA3FC011675" box="[459,583,799,824]" class="Insecta" family="Phaneropteridae" genus="Leproscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="368" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="granulosus">
<emphasis id="D6A0EAA4736CFFE063C6FCA3FC011675" box="[459,583,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="368">granulosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which is larger (no measurements in
<bibRefCitation id="80454B47736CFFE06608FCA3FADE1675" author="Karsch" box="[1029,1176,799,824]" pageId="25" pageNumber="368" refString="Karsch, F. (1891) Uebersicht der von Herrn Dr. Paul Preuss auf der Barombi-Station in Kamerun gesammelten Locustodeen. Anhang: Ueber die Mecopodiden. Berliner Entomologische Zeitschrift, 36, 317 - 346." type="journal article" year="1891">Karsch 1891</bibRefCitation>
, but according to own measurements
<quantity id="232C9B53736CFFE06332FCF8FFD61611" box="[319,400,836,860]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2" pageId="25" pageNumber="368" unit="mm" value="32.0">32 mm</quantity>
(one female) and
<quantity id="232C9B53736CFFE0606CFCF8FC901611" box="[609,726,836,860]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.85" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.7" pageId="25" pageNumber="368" unit="mm" value="28.5" valueMax="30.0" valueMin="27.0">27-30 mm</quantity>
(
<specimenCount id="F2D2FD3F736CFFE060EBFCF8FD051610" box="[742,835,836,861]" pageId="25" pageNumber="368" type="male">4 males</specimenCount>
; specimens from Barombi)) than the original species and which has bright yellow markings. Karny was aware of this possibility, however, he was erroneously asking, if Karsch’s animal from 1886 (
<typeStatus id="3B6F8814736CFFE063DAFC30FC7D16E8" box="[471,571,908,933]" pageId="25" pageNumber="368" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="23D44D35736CFFE0606DFC30FC9A16E8" box="[608,732,908,933]" class="Insecta" family="Phaneropteridae" genus="Leproscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="368" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="granulosus">
<emphasis id="D6A0EAA4736CFFE0606DFC30FC9A16E8" box="[608,732,908,933]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="368">granulosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) might be in fact his new
<taxonomicName id="23D44D35736CFFE0660FFC30FA1216E8" authority="The" authorityName="The" box="[1026,1108,908,933]" class="Insecta" family="Phaneropteridae" genus="Leproscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="368" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="karschi">
<emphasis id="D6A0EAA4736CFFE0660FFC30FA1216E8" box="[1026,1108,908,933]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="368">karschi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
! The combined data from all specimens in MHB (
<specimenCount id="F2D2FD3F736CFFE0638DFC0CFFA11685" box="[384,487,943,968]" pageId="25" pageNumber="368" type="male">13 males</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="F2D2FD3F736CFFE063FEFC0CFC291685" box="[499,623,943,968]" pageId="25" pageNumber="368" type="female">17 females</specimenCount>
) do not show a clear bimodality, although the yellow individuals tend to belong to the larger ones.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E46B36B6736CFFE062CAFC44FD601042" blockId="25.[151,1436,151,1799]" pageId="25" pageNumber="368">
In the males from
<collectingCountry id="9CC37626736CFFE0639FFC44FC4F115D" box="[402,521,1016,1040]" name="Cameroon" pageId="25" pageNumber="368">Cameroun</collectingCountry>
,
<bibRefCitation id="80454B47736CFFE06019FC44FCEC115D" author="Karny" box="[532,682,1016,1040]" pageId="25" pageNumber="368" refString="Karny, H. H. (1919) Revision der Gattung Leproscirtus (Orthoptera, Mecopodinae). Zoologischer Anzeiger, 50, 287 - 289." type="journal article" year="1919">Karny (1919)</bibRefCitation>
distinguished three
<typeStatus id="3B6F8814736CFFE06186FC44FD80115D" box="[907,966,1016,1040]" pageId="25" pageNumber="368">types</typeStatus>
of subgenital plates. In his ‘
<taxonomicName id="23D44D35736CFFE0670DFC4BFB01115D" box="[1280,1351,1015,1040]" class="Insecta" family="Phaneropteridae" genus="Leproscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="368" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ebneri">
<emphasis id="D6A0EAA4736CFFE0670DFC4BFB01115D" box="[1280,1351,1015,1040]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="368">ebneri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
’ (some
<typeStatus id="3B6F8814736CFFE0629AFB9CFEBF1175" box="[151,249,1056,1080]" pageId="25" pageNumber="368" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
in MfN, although not mentioned by Karny as
<typeStatus id="3B6F8814736CFFE060F2FB9CFD7B1175" box="[767,829,1056,1080]" pageId="25" pageNumber="368">types</typeStatus>
, but same place, date and collector (Buea,
<date id="906A1076736CFFE06716FBA3FE971116" pageId="25" pageNumber="368" value="1891-04-01" valueMax="1891-04-10" valueMin="1891-04-01">1-10th April 1891</date>
, Preuss; determined by
<bibRefCitation id="80454B47736CFFE063D3FBFEFC2B1116" author="Karsch" box="[478,621,1090,1115]" pageId="25" pageNumber="368" refString="Karsch, F. (1892) Verzeichniss der von Herrn Dr Paul Preuss im Kamerungebirge erbeuteten Orthopteren. Berliner Entomologische Zeitschrift, 37, 65 - 78. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1002 / mmnd. 18920370112" type="journal article" year="1892">Karsch 1892</bibRefCitation>
as
<taxonomicName id="23D44D35736CFFE0609EFBF8FD6B1116" box="[659,813,1090,1115]" class="Insecta" family="Phaneropteridae" genus="Leproscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="368" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="granulosus">
<emphasis id="D6A0EAA4736CFFE0609EFBF8FD6B1116" box="[659,813,1090,1115]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="368">L. granulosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
)), the median incision of the narrow subgenital plate is very short, much shorter than the lobes carrying the styli (
<figureCitation id="7CEF2A33736CFFE06114FBDAFD241132" box="[793,866,1126,1151]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="22.[151,250,907,929]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,519,885]" captionTargetId="figure@22.[151,1435,519,885]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 14. A—Subgenital plate of male Lichenochrus congicus. B—Subgenital plate of male Lichenochrus marmoratus (part of photo in OSF; Source: Sweden, Stockholm, Naturhistoriska Riksmuseet (NHRS);. C-F—Subgenital plate of male Leproscirtus granulosus. C ‘ ebneri’ syntype, D ‘ granulosus’ Barombi-Station, E ‘ karschi’ Cameroun MfN _ 6194, F CH 4983; details see text. Scales 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250522/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="368">Fig 14</figureCitation>
C). In ‘
<taxonomicName id="23D44D35736CFFE061B4FBDAFA4D1132" box="[953,1035,1126,1151]" class="Insecta" family="Phaneropteridae" genus="Leproscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="368" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="karschi">
<emphasis id="D6A0EAA4736CFFE061B4FBDAFA4D1132" box="[953,1035,1126,1151]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="368">karschi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
’ this incision is much larger, longer than the lobes (as in
<figureCitation id="7CEF2A33736CFFE06381FB36FF9911EE" box="[396,479,1162,1187]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="22.[151,250,907,929]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,519,885]" captionTargetId="figure@22.[151,1435,519,885]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 14. A—Subgenital plate of male Lichenochrus congicus. B—Subgenital plate of male Lichenochrus marmoratus (part of photo in OSF; Source: Sweden, Stockholm, Naturhistoriska Riksmuseet (NHRS);. C-F—Subgenital plate of male Leproscirtus granulosus. C ‘ ebneri’ syntype, D ‘ granulosus’ Barombi-Station, E ‘ karschi’ Cameroun MfN _ 6194, F CH 4983; details see text. Scales 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250522/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="368">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
E, F). In Karny’s ‘
<taxonomicName id="23D44D35736CFFE060CCFB36FD7B11EE" box="[705,829,1162,1187]" class="Insecta" family="Phaneropteridae" genus="Leproscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="368" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="granulosus">
<emphasis id="D6A0EAA4736CFFE060CCFB36FD7B11EE" box="[705,829,1162,1187]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="368">granulosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
’ the situation is intermediate (
<figureCitation id="7CEF2A33736CFFE066AFFB36FAB311EE" box="[1186,1269,1162,1187]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="22.[151,250,907,929]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,519,885]" captionTargetId="figure@22.[151,1435,519,885]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 14. A—Subgenital plate of male Lichenochrus congicus. B—Subgenital plate of male Lichenochrus marmoratus (part of photo in OSF; Source: Sweden, Stockholm, Naturhistoriska Riksmuseet (NHRS);. C-F—Subgenital plate of male Leproscirtus granulosus. C ‘ ebneri’ syntype, D ‘ granulosus’ Barombi-Station, E ‘ karschi’ Cameroun MfN _ 6194, F CH 4983; details see text. Scales 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250522/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="368">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
D; male from Barombi Station). In Dibongo, both
<typeStatus id="3B6F8814736CFFE0603AFB0CFC341185" box="[567,626,1200,1224]" pageId="25" pageNumber="368">types</typeStatus>
(and/or yellow and not yellow specimens) are possibly found together (same locality for both species; Karsch 1919). Our males (
<figureCitation id="7CEF2A33736CFFE0613BFB6EFDCE11A6" box="[822,904,1234,1259]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="22.[151,250,907,929]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,519,885]" captionTargetId="figure@22.[151,1435,519,885]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 14. A—Subgenital plate of male Lichenochrus congicus. B—Subgenital plate of male Lichenochrus marmoratus (part of photo in OSF; Source: Sweden, Stockholm, Naturhistoriska Riksmuseet (NHRS);. C-F—Subgenital plate of male Leproscirtus granulosus. C ‘ ebneri’ syntype, D ‘ granulosus’ Barombi-Station, E ‘ karschi’ Cameroun MfN _ 6194, F CH 4983; details see text. Scales 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250522/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="368">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
F; both very similar to each other) are clearly nearest to ‘
<taxonomicName id="23D44D35736CFFE0631EFB4AFF231042" box="[275,357,1270,1295]" class="Insecta" family="Phaneropteridae" genus="Leproscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="368" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="karschi">
<emphasis id="D6A0EAA4736CFFE0631EFB4AFF231042" box="[275,357,1270,1295]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="368">karschi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
’, although they have special characters.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E46B36B6736CFFE062CAFAA6FFD610D2" blockId="25.[151,1436,151,1799]" pageId="25" pageNumber="368">
Instead of describing a new species, we propose to consider
<taxonomicName id="23D44D35736CFFE06195FAA0FA44107E" box="[920,1026,1306,1331]" class="Insecta" family="Phaneropteridae" genus="Leproscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="368" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ebneri">
<emphasis id="D6A0EAA4736CFFE06195FAA0FA44107E" box="[920,1026,1306,1331]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="368">L. ebneri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and L.
<taxonomicName id="23D44D35736CFFE06669FAA6FAF0107E" box="[1124,1206,1306,1331]" class="Insecta" family="Phaneropteridae" genus="Leproscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="368" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="karschi">
<emphasis id="D6A0EAA4736CFFE06669FAA6FAF0107E" box="[1124,1206,1306,1331]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="368">karschi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as synonyms of
<taxonomicName id="23D44D35736CFFE06788FAA0FF52101A" class="Insecta" family="Phaneropteridae" genus="Leproscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="368" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="granulosus">
<emphasis id="D6A0EAA4736CFFE06788FAA0FF52101A" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="368">L. granulosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
due to the above mentioned taxonomic problems and missing clear diagnostic characters. The high variability within
<collectingCountry id="9CC37626736CFFE06352FADFFF921036" box="[351,468,1379,1403]" name="Cameroon" pageId="25" pageNumber="368">Cameroun</collectingCountry>
requires detailed studies throughout the range of this widespread species (see long list of references in OSF).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E46B36B6736CFFE062CAFA16FB691346" blockId="25.[151,1436,151,1799]" pageId="25" pageNumber="368">
If the above mentioned second large and yellow species should turn out to be a good species, it must be called
<taxonomicName id="23D44D35736CFFE0629AFA6CFFDC10AA" authority="Karny, 1919" authorityName="Karny" authorityYear="1919" box="[151,410,1487,1512]" class="Insecta" family="Phaneropteridae" genus="Leproscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="368" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aptera">
<emphasis id="D6A0EAA4736CFFE0629AFA6CFF4610AA" box="[151,256,1488,1511]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="368">L. aptera</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="80454B47736CFFE06307FA6CFFDC10AA" author="Karny" box="[266,410,1487,1512]" pageId="25" pageNumber="368" refString="Karny, H. H. (1919) Revision der Gattung Leproscirtus (Orthoptera, Mecopodinae). Zoologischer Anzeiger, 50, 287 - 289." type="journal article" year="1919">Karny, 1919</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. The name was coined for the missing female tegmina, but the diagnostic characteristics would be colouration and size. Otherwise
<taxonomicName id="23D44D35736CFFE06062FA48FCFE1346" box="[623,696,1524,1547]" class="Insecta" family="Phaneropteridae" genus="Leproscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="368" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aptera">
<emphasis id="D6A0EAA4736CFFE06062FA48FCFE1346" box="[623,696,1524,1547]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="368">aptera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
characterises a variety, but not a geographic subspecies.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E46B36B6736CFFE062CAF9ABFAB813D6" blockId="25.[151,1436,151,1799]" pageId="25" pageNumber="368">
Song. The calling song (
<figureCitation id="7CEF2A33736CFFE063DAF9AAFC611362" box="[471,551,1558,1583]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="22.[151,250,1979,2001]" captionTargetBox="[171,1415,1116,1946]" captionTargetId="figure@22.[151,1436,1071,1957]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 15. Oscillograms of the calling songs of pseudophylline, mecopodine and tettigoniid species (Leproscirtus granulosus two males calling; 2 s sequence)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250523/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="368">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
) consisted of isolated syllables, repeated at intervals of 10–15 s, and was heard only at night. One syllable contained ca. 35 clearly separated (im)pulses with a frequency peak at 9 kHz. We recorded two males singing closely together (in captivity). The song of the leader was followed by that of the second male usually within ca.
<geoCoordinate id="81E05071736CFFE063FBF93FFC6D13D7" box="[502,555,1667,1691]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="25" pageNumber="368" precision="5555" value="-0.7">0.7 s</geoCoordinate>
and often not only by one, but by several (up to three) syllables.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E46B36B6736CFFE062CAF91AFCE6124A" blockId="25.[151,1436,151,1799]" pageId="25" pageNumber="368">
The stridulatory file on the lower side of the left tegmen carries a dense series of broad teeth and ends distally in an unusual knob (
<figureCitation id="7CEF2A33736CFFE0638BF976FF9C13AE" box="[390,474,1738,1763]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="26.[151,250,1224,1246]" captionTargetBox="[340,1247,555,1202]" captionTargetId="figure@26.[340,1247,555,1202]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURE 16. A—Stridulatory file Leproscirtus granulosus (three-quarter view; articulation below); B—Right tegmen of Leproscirtus granulosus; C—Stridulatory file of Plastocorypha ituriana (articulation below). Scales 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250524/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="368">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
A). In contrast to the upper, leather-like appearing left tegmen the lower right one presents a large transparent mirror (
<figureCitation id="7CEF2A33736CFFE0602BF952FC30124A" box="[550,630,1774,1799]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="26.[151,250,1224,1246]" captionTargetBox="[340,1247,555,1202]" captionTargetId="figure@26.[340,1247,555,1202]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURE 16. A—Stridulatory file Leproscirtus granulosus (three-quarter view; articulation below); B—Right tegmen of Leproscirtus granulosus; C—Stridulatory file of Plastocorypha ituriana (articulation below). Scales 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250524/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="368">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
B).
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</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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