529 lines
72 KiB
XML
529 lines
72 KiB
XML
<document id="D66611D933342C41CDB9760F23D2EA61" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.174564" ID-GBIF-Dataset="8aaf86dc-5ac4-4f04-81aa-b9afe3f9a4ff" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="174564" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1459785534161" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Landry, Bernard & Roque-Albelo, Lazaro" docDate="2006" docId="273CDF1D1F17C34DFEA8FEDA5E41F9B8" docLanguage="en" docName="zt01354p056.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1354" docStyle="DocumentStyle:FA7E419B012A62B0FC3AC15A186C3DAF.3:Zootaxa.2001-2006.journal_article" docStyleId="FA7E419B012A62B0FC3AC15A186C3DAF" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2001-2006.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Undulambia lindbladi Landry, NEW SPECIES" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="54" masterDocId="DB05A7651F14C344FFA0FFC65A31FFDC" masterDocTitle="The Acentropinae and Musotiminae (Lepidoptera, Pyralidae) of the Galapagos Islands, Ecuador" masterLastPageNumber="56" masterPageNumber="45" pageNumber="48" updateTime="1698218405988" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="EA1A7746EE299DF89AA2052EEDAE3B25">The Acentropinae and Musotiminae (Lepidoptera, Pyralidae) of the Galapagos Islands, Ecuador</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="4136DD9BE33E07668466C40E8647F46D" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="C279FD682B2205C90E660FF82C55C885">Landry, Bernard</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="E9FED9FEE8DB912F8393E1021541AE78">Roque-Albelo, Lazaro</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="598EEE36278B28032AE73CCC0FA80101">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="28ED3224FDDA65A4A5A0E4CF2836F886">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="F4DE33D48D6F44107FCE1028C9B38C7E">
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<mods:date id="8F26437E57C700FA9C09D0F3DE1FBDC6">2006</mods:date>
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<treatment id="273CDF1D1F17C34DFEA8FEDA5E41F9B8" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6263844" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119348971" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6263844" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:273CDF1D1F17C34DFEA8FEDA5E41F9B8" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/273CDF1D1F17C34DFEA8FEDA5E41F9B8" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="54" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">
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<subSubSection id="E78F3D801F17C347FEA8FEDA5BBEFE85" pageId="3" pageNumber="48" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="AF2A6E0B1F17C347FEA8FEDA597DFEE9" blockId="3.[264,844,283,345]" box="[264,844,283,310]" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">
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<heading id="F462D9671F17C347FEA8FEDA597DFEE9" bold="true" box="[264,844,283,310]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="48" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="9DE1B2191F17C347FEA8FEDA597DFEE9" bold="true" box="[264,844,283,310]" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">
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<taxonomicName id="689515881F17C347FEA8FEDA5849FEE9" authority="Landry" authorityName="Landry" box="[264,632,283,310]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Undulambia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lindbladi" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="9DE1B2191F17C347FEA8FEDA5823FEEA" bold="true" box="[264,530,284,310]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">Undulambia lindbladi</emphasis>
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Landry
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="86D20F621F17C347FD25FEDD597DFEE9" box="[645,844,283,309]" pageId="3" pageNumber="48" rank="species">NEW SPECIES</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="AF2A6E0B1F17C347FEA8FEF95BBEFE85" blockId="3.[264,844,283,345]" box="[264,399,319,345]" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">
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(
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<figureCitation id="37AE728E1F17C347FEB0FEF95BB4FE85" box="[272,389,319,345]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 1 – 4. 1, 2" captionStart-1="FIGURE 5" captionStart-2="FIGURES 6 – 9" captionStart-3="FIGURES 10 – 11" captionStartId-0="2.[264,382,1342,1366]" captionStartId-1="3.[264,367,1865,1889]" captionStartId-2="4.[264,382,1331,1355]" captionStartId-3="7.[264,382,1795,1819]" captionTargetBox-0="[264,1322,486,1318]" captionTargetBox-2="[277,1318,355,1304]" captionTargetBox-3="[322,1283,322,1758]" captionTargetId-0="figure@2.[263,1323,486,1318]" captionTargetId-2="figure@4.[264,1323,326,1307]" captionTargetId-3="figure@7.[292,1307,290,1789]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionTargetPageId-2="4" captionTargetPageId-3="7" captionText-0="FIGURES 1 – 4. 1, 2: Parapoynx fluctuosalis (Zeller). 1, Female from Santa Cruz Island, Galapagos (FW = 9.0 mm, CNC); 2, Male from Papua New Guinea (FW = 8.0 mm, D. Agassiz Collection). 3, 4: Undulambia lindbladi Landry. 3, Holotype male; 4, Paratype female from Isabela (MHNG)." captionText-1="FIGURE 5. Undulambia lindbladi Landry, wing venation." captionText-2="FIGURES 6 – 9. Undulambia lindbladi Landry. 6, Male genitalia in ventral view, without phallus (slide BL 1183, CNC); 7, Phallus in laterodorsal view (slide BL 1183); 8, Phallus in side view (slide MHNG 3129); 9, Female genitalia, ventral view (slide MHNG 3039)." captionText-3="FIGURES 10 – 11. Undulambia lindbladi Landry. 10, Male genitalia in lateral view, without phallus, saccus partially deformed dorsally (slide MHNG 3036); 11, Female genitalia in lateral view (bursa broken proximally, from slide BMNH 21169)." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/174565/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/174566/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/174567/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">Figs 3–11</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="E78F3D801F17C347FEA8FE4859FEFAC5" pageId="3" pageNumber="48" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="AF2A6E0B1F17C347FEA8FE48581CFD95" blockId="3.[264,1323,398,1305]" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">
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<emphasis id="9DE1B2191F17C347FEA8FE485BF6FE74" bold="true" box="[264,455,398,424]" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">
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<typeStatus id="702ED0A91F17C347FEA8FE485B74FE74" box="[264,325,398,424]" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">Type</typeStatus>
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material
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</emphasis>
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.
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<typeStatus id="702ED0A91F17C347FE46FE4958B4FE75" box="[486,645,399,425]" pageId="3" pageNumber="48" type="holotype">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
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: ɗ with the following labels. 1- "
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<collectionCode id="C984F6CE1F17C347FBD7FE495E89FE75" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15848" box="[1143,1208,399,425]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15848" name="Edith Cowan University" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">ECU</collectionCode>
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[
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<collectionCode id="C984F6CE1F17C347FB1FFE495F2AFE75" box="[1215,1307,399,425]" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">ADOR</collectionCode>
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]., GALAPAGOS/
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<taxonomicName id="689515881F17C347FE6EFE715806FE0D" box="[462,567,439,465]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Santiago" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Santiago</taxonomicName>
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, Central/
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<quantity id="686DC3EE1F17C347FD18FE715938FE0D" box="[696,777,439,465]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="48" unit="m" value="700.0">700 m</quantity>
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elev[ation].,
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<date id="DB2B48CB1F17C347FC14FE715E11FE0D" box="[948,1056,439,465]" pageId="3" pageNumber="48" value="1992-04-09">9.iv.1992</date>
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/ M[ercury] V[apour] L[amp],
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<emphasis id="9DE1B2191F17C347FED8FE195BADFE24" box="[376,412,479,504]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">leg</emphasis>
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||
[
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<emphasis id="9DE1B2191F17C347FE06FE195B87FE24" box="[422,438,479,504]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">it</emphasis>
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]. B[ernard]. Landry" (typed on white card stock); 2- "
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<typeStatus id="702ED0A91F17C347FB24FE195F13FE25" box="[1156,1314,479,505]" pageId="3" pageNumber="48" type="holotype">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
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/
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||
<taxonomicName id="689515881F17C347FEA8FDC15BA9FDFD" box="[264,408,519,545]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Undulambia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Undulambia</taxonomicName>
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||
/
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||
<taxonomicName id="689515881F17C347FE12FDC15828FDFD" box="[434,537,519,545]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Undulambia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lindbladi">lindbladi</taxonomicName>
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||
/ Landry & Roque-Albelo" (hand-written on red card stock). Deposited in the
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<collectionCode id="C984F6CE1F17C347FE6FFDE95818FD95" box="[463,553,559,585]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/2jyg-xmd2" name="Museum d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">MHNG</collectionCode>
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||
.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="AF2A6E0B1F17C347FE98FD9159FEFAC5" blockId="3.[264,1323,398,1305]" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">
|
||
<typeStatus id="702ED0A91F17C347FE98FD915BEEFDAD" box="[312,479,599,625]" pageId="3" pageNumber="48" type="paratype">PARATYPES</typeStatus>
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||
: 28 ɗ, 7 Ψ from
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<collectingCountry id="D7822E9B1F17C347FD3DFD915930FDAD" box="[669,769,599,625]" name="Ecuador" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
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||
, Galapagos Islands.
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||
<emphasis id="9DE1B2191F17C347FC50FD915E77FDAC" box="[1008,1094,599,624]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">Isabela</emphasis>
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||
. 1 Ψ,
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||
<collectingCountry id="D7822E9B1F17C347FB2CFD915F17FDAD" box="[1164,1318,599,625]" name="Sao Tome and Principe" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">Santo Tomas</collectingCountry>
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||
,
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||
<quantity id="686DC3EE1F17C347FEA8FDB95B67FD45" box="[264,342,639,665]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.6" pageId="3" pageNumber="48" unit="m" value="360.0">360 m</quantity>
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, Jan[uary] 1971 [R. Perry & Tj. De Vries]; 2 Ψ, Volcan Sierra Negra, Corason [sic] Verde,
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<quantity id="686DC3EE1F17C347FEFAFD615B96FD1D" box="[346,423,679,705]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.6" pageId="3" pageNumber="48" unit="m" value="360.0">360 m</quantity>
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||
, L164,
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||
<date id="DB2B48CB1F17C347FE5EFD6158ACFD1D" box="[510,669,679,705]" pageId="3" pageNumber="48" value="1971-01">January 1971</date>
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||
, R. Perry & Tj. De Vries, B.M.
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<date id="DB2B48CB1F17C347FBAEFD615E42FD1D" box="[1038,1139,679,705]" pageId="3" pageNumber="48" value="1971" valueMax="1979">1971-79</date>
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; 1 Ψ (dissected, slide
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<collectionCode id="C984F6CE1F17C347FEECFD095B97FD35" box="[332,422,719,745]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/2jyg-xmd2" name="Museum d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">MHNG</collectionCode>
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||
3039), [Volcan] Alcedo, lado NE,
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||
<quantity id="686DC3EE1F17C347FCC0FD095981FD35" box="[864,944,719,745]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="48" unit="m" value="700.0">700 m</quantity>
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||
[elevation], camp guayabillos, u[ltra] v[iolet] l[ight],
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<date id="DB2B48CB1F17C347FDACFD3158BBFCCD" box="[524,650,759,785]" pageId="3" pageNumber="48" value="2002-04-16">16.iv.2002</date>
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||
,
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||
<emphasis id="9DE1B2191F17C347FD36FD31588BFCCC" box="[662,698,759,784]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">leg</emphasis>
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||
. B. Landry, L. Roque; 1 Ψ (dissected, B.M.
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<taxonomicName id="689515881F17C347FB1CFD315F1BFCCD" box="[1212,1322,759,785]" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Pyralidae</taxonomicName>
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||
slide 21171), Corazon Verde, xi-xii-1974, T. J. de Vries, B.M. 1976-58; 1 Ψ, Corazon Verde,
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||
<date id="DB2B48CB1F17C347FEFDFC81583DFCBD" box="[349,524,839,865]" pageId="3" pageNumber="48" value="1975-12-19" valueMax="1975-12-20" valueMin="1975-12-19">19-20.xii.1975</date>
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||
, T. J. de Vries, B.M. 1976-58.
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||
<emphasis id="9DE1B2191F17C347FC22FC8159F0FCBC" box="[898,961,839,864]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">Pinta</emphasis>
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||
. 10 ɗ (two dissected:
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<collectionCode id="C984F6CE1F17C347FB71FC815F1AFCBD" box="[1233,1323,839,865]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/2jyg-xmd2" name="Museum d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">MHNG</collectionCode>
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||
(wing) slide 3042,
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||
<collectionCode id="C984F6CE1F17C347FE4BFCA95874FC55" box="[491,581,879,905]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/2jyg-xmd2" name="Museum d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">MHNG</collectionCode>
|
||
(genitalia) slide 3037),
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||
<quantity id="686DC3EE1F17C347FCC5FCA959D7FC55" box="[869,998,879,905]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.25" metricValueMax="6.5" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="48" unit="m" value="525.0" valueMax="650.0" valueMin="400.0">400-650 m</quantity>
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||
elev., day,
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||
<date id="DB2B48CB1F17C347FBCFFCA95EC0FC55" box="[1135,1265,879,905]" pageId="3" pageNumber="48" value="1992-03-18">18.iii.1992</date>
|
||
,
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||
<emphasis id="9DE1B2191F17C347FB5FFCA95F12FC54" box="[1279,1315,879,904]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">leg</emphasis>
|
||
. B. Landry.
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||
<collectingCountry id="D7822E9B1F17C347FE2EFC515800FC6C" box="[398,561,919,944]" name="Saint Kitts and Nevis" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">
|
||
<emphasis id="9DE1B2191F17C347FE2EFC515800FC6C" box="[398,561,919,944]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">San Cristobal</emphasis>
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||
</collectingCountry>
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||
. 1 ɗ (dissected, slide BL 1639), pampa zone, MVL,
|
||
<date id="DB2B48CB1F17C347FB0CFC515F17FC6D" box="[1196,1318,919,945]" pageId="3" pageNumber="48" value="1989-02-15">15.ii.1989</date>
|
||
, B. Landry; 1 ɗ (dissected, slide BL 1183), same data except date:
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||
<date id="DB2B48CB1F17C347FBB2FC795EBCFC05" box="[1042,1165,959,985]" pageId="3" pageNumber="48" value="1989-02-18">18.ii.1989</date>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="9DE1B2191F17C347FB00FC795F12FC04" box="[1184,1315,959,984]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">Santa Cruz</emphasis>
|
||
. 1 ɗ (dissected, slide BL 1638), Media Luna, Pampa Zone, MVL,
|
||
<date id="DB2B48CB1F17C347FBB5FC215EB7FBDD" box="[1045,1158,999,1025]" pageId="3" pageNumber="48" value="1989-01-21">21.i.1989</date>
|
||
, B. Landry; 1 ɗ, ii-iii.1970, R. Perry & Tj. De Vries, Ref. No. L. BM. 1971-4; 1 ɗ (dissected, slide
|
||
<collectionCode id="C984F6CE1F17C347FEA8FBF15B50FB8D" box="[264,353,1079,1105]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/2jyg-xmd2" name="Museum d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">MHNG</collectionCode>
|
||
3038), Los Gemelos, MVL,
|
||
<date id="DB2B48CB1F17C347FD7DFBF15962FB8D" box="[733,851,1079,1105]" pageId="3" pageNumber="48" value="1992-05-27">27.v.1992</date>
|
||
, leg. B. Landry; 1 ɗ, Los Gemelos,
|
||
<date id="DB2B48CB1F17C347FEA8FB995BB6FBA5" box="[264,391,1119,1145]" pageId="3" pageNumber="48" value="2001-09-11">11.ix.2001</date>
|
||
, R. Boada; 1 ɗ, Media Luna, en
|
||
<taxonomicName id="689515881F17C347FCEFFB9959F7FBA5" box="[847,966,1119,1145]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Dennstaedtiaceae" genus="Pteridium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polypodiales" pageId="3" pageNumber="48" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Pteridium</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="DB2B48CB1F17C347FC78FB995E7CFBA5" box="[984,1101,1119,1145]" pageId="3" pageNumber="48" value="2001-10-23">23.x.2001</date>
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||
[L. Roque]; 1 ɗ (dissected, B.M.
|
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<taxonomicName id="689515881F17C347FE7BFB41587BFB7D" box="[475,586,1159,1185]" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Pyralidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
slide 21170), 1 Ψ (dissected, B.M.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="689515881F17C347FBB1FB415EB1FB7D" box="[1041,1152,1159,1185]" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Pyralidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
slide 21169), Camote,
|
||
<date id="DB2B48CB1F17C347FED4FB695BFEFB15" box="[372,463,1199,1225]" pageId="3" pageNumber="48" value="1974-11">xi.1974</date>
|
||
, B.M. 1975-7, Ref. No. L.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="689515881F17C347FCBBFB6959B2FB14" box="[795,899,1199,1224]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Santiago" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="9DE1B2191F17C347FCBBFB6959B2FB14" box="[795,899,1199,1224]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">Santiago</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. 8 ɗ (two dissected,
|
||
<collectionCode id="C984F6CE1F17C347FB25FB695EEEFB15" box="[1157,1247,1199,1225]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/2jyg-xmd2" name="Museum d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">MHNG</collectionCode>
|
||
3036,
|
||
<collectionCode id="C984F6CE1F17C347FEA8FB115B53FB2D" box="[264,354,1239,1265]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/2jyg-xmd2" name="Museum d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">MHNG</collectionCode>
|
||
3129), same data as
|
||
<typeStatus id="702ED0A91F17C347FDF9FB1158F2FB2D" box="[601,707,1239,1265]" pageId="3" pageNumber="48" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
; 2 ɗ, same data as
|
||
<typeStatus id="702ED0A91F17C347FC05FB115E3AFB2D" box="[933,1035,1239,1265]" pageId="3" pageNumber="48" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
except date:
|
||
<date id="DB2B48CB1F17C347FB08FB115F16FB2D" box="[1192,1319,1239,1265]" pageId="3" pageNumber="48" value="1992-04-10">10.iv.1992</date>
|
||
. Deposited in the
|
||
<collectionCode id="C984F6CE1F17C347FE6FFB39581BFAC5" box="[463,554,1279,1305]" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">BMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="C984F6CE1F17C347FD96FB3958B4FAC5" box="[566,645,1279,1305]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rhcv-mdhf" name="Invertebrate Collection" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">CDRS</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="C984F6CE1F17C347FD31FB3958E1FAC5" box="[657,720,1279,1305]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/y2kv-9w3k" name="Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids, and Nematodes" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">CNC</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="C984F6CE1F17C347FD7CFB395904FAC5" box="[732,821,1279,1305]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/2jyg-xmd2" name="Museum d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">MHNG</collectionCode>
|
||
, and
|
||
<collectionCode id="C984F6CE1F17C347FCD2FB3959FAFAC5" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[882,971,1279,1305]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">USNM</collectionCode>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="FBEA3E831F17C347FEA8F88F594DF8BD" box="[264,892,1865,1889]" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">
|
||
<paragraph id="AF2A6E0B1F17C347FEA8F88F594DF8BD" blockId="3.[264,892,1865,1889]" box="[264,892,1865,1889]" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">
|
||
<emphasis id="9DE1B2191F17C347FEA8F88F5BBAF8BD" bold="true" box="[264,395,1865,1889]" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="689515881F17C347FE31F88C58E3F8BD" authority="Landry" authorityName="Landry" box="[401,722,1866,1889]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Undulambia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lindbladi">
|
||
<emphasis id="9DE1B2191F17C347FE31F88C584FF8BD" box="[401,638,1866,1889]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">Undulambia lindbladi</emphasis>
|
||
Landry
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, wing venation.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="FBEA3E831F10C340FEA8FAF559C1FA4C" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/174566/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="49" targetBox="[277,1318,355,1304]" targetPageId="4">
|
||
<paragraph id="AF2A6E0B1F10C340FEA8FAF559C1FA4C" blockId="4.[264,1323,1331,1424]" pageId="4" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<emphasis id="9DE1B2191F10C340FEA8FAF55B87FA97" bold="true" box="[264,438,1331,1355]" pageId="4" pageNumber="49">FIGURES 6–9.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="689515881F10C340FE1FFAF25938FA97" authority="Landry." authorityName="Landry." box="[447,777,1332,1355]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Undulambia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lindbladi">
|
||
<emphasis id="9DE1B2191F10C340FE1FFAF2589CFA97" box="[447,685,1332,1355]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="49">Undulambia lindbladi</emphasis>
|
||
Landry.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
6, Male genitalia in ventral view, without phallus (slide BL 1183, CNC); 7, Phallus in laterodorsal view (slide BL 1183); 8, Phallus in side view (slide MHNG 3129); 9, Female genitalia, ventral view (slide MHNG 3039).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="E78F3D801F10C340FE98FA055946F912" pageId="4" pageNumber="49" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="AF2A6E0B1F10C340FE98FA055946F912" blockId="4.[264,1322,1475,1902]" pageId="4" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<emphasis id="9DE1B2191F10C340FE98FA055B81FA01" bold="true" box="[312,432,1475,1501]" pageId="4" pageNumber="49">Diagnosis</emphasis>
|
||
. Among the other members of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="689515881F10C340FC84FA025986FA01" box="[804,951,1476,1501]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Undulambia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="9DE1B2191F10C340FC84FA025986FA01" box="[804,951,1476,1501]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="49">Undulambia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, this species has male genitalia similar to those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="689515881F10C340FE49FA2A591EF9DA" authority="Hampson" authorityName="Hampson" box="[489,815,1516,1542]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Undulambia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fulvitinctalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="9DE1B2191F10C340FE49FA2A5891F9D9" box="[489,672,1516,1541]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="49">U. fulvitinctalis</emphasis>
|
||
(Hampson)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, described from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="D7822E9B1F10C340FC56FA2A5E1FF9DA" box="[1014,1070,1516,1542]" name="Peru" pageId="4" pageNumber="49">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||
, but the wing pattern differs. The male and female genitalia are also very similar to the illustrations provided in the original description of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="689515881F10C340FDE3F9FA5996F98A" authority="Capps (1965)" authorityName="Capps" authorityYear="1965" box="[579,935,1596,1622]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Undulambia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="polystichalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="9DE1B2191F10C340FDE3F9FA58CCF989" box="[579,765,1596,1621]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="49">U. polystichalis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CB0413FA1F10C340FCA4F9FA5996F98A" author="Capps" box="[772,935,1596,1622]" pageId="4" pageNumber="55" refString="Capps, H. W. (1965) A new Undulambia species on leather-leaf fern in Florida, and note on a closely related Central American species (Lepidoptera: Pyraustidae, Nymphulinae). Florida Entomologist, 48, 155 - 157." type="journal article" year="1965">Capps (1965)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, described from Florida,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="D7822E9B1F10C340FB72F9FA5F14F98A" box="[1234,1317,1596,1622]" name="United States of America" pageId="4" pageNumber="49">U.S.A.</collectingCountry>
|
||
, but the two species differ in details of the wing pattern, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="689515881F10C340FC53F9A25EB5F9A1" box="[1011,1156,1636,1661]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Undulambia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lindbladi">
|
||
<emphasis id="9DE1B2191F10C340FC53F9A25EB5F9A1" box="[1011,1156,1636,1661]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="49">U. lindbladi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has the wing margins less excised (see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CB0413FA1F10C340FDE1F94A58D4F97A" author="Munroe" box="[577,741,1676,1702]" pageId="4" pageNumber="55" refString="Munroe, E. G. (1972) Pyraloidea, Pyralidae (part). In: Dominick, R. B. et al. (Eds.), The Moths of America North of Mexico, Fascicles 13.1 A & 13.1 C. The Curwen Press, London, pp. 1 - 134 (Fasc. 13.1 A), 253 - 304 + 24 plates + xx (Fasc. 13.1 C)." type="book chapter" year="1972">Munroe 1972</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, pl. 4). Other species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="689515881F10C340FBB5F94A5E99F979" box="[1045,1192,1676,1701]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Undulambia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="9DE1B2191F10C340FBB5F94A5E99F979" box="[1045,1192,1676,1701]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="49">Undulambia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have even greater differences in wing pattern from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="689515881F10C340FD43F9725940F911" box="[739,881,1716,1741]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Undulambia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lindbladi">
|
||
<emphasis id="9DE1B2191F10C340FD43F9725940F911" box="[739,881,1716,1741]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="49">U. lindbladi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="E78F3D801F10C34DFE98F91D5E41F9B8" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="54" pageId="4" pageNumber="49" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="AF2A6E0B1F10C342FE98F91D5939FD2D" blockId="4.[264,1322,1475,1902]" lastBlockId="6.[264,1323,284,1873]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="51" pageId="4" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<emphasis id="9DE1B2191F10C340FE98F91D5BF8F929" bold="true" box="[312,457,1755,1781]" pageId="4" pageNumber="49">Description</emphasis>
|
||
. Male (n = 29) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="37AE728E1F10C340FD0DF91A5931F92A" box="[685,768,1756,1782]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 4. 1, 2" captionStartId="2.[264,382,1342,1366]" captionTargetBox="[264,1322,486,1318]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[263,1323,486,1318]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 4. 1, 2: Parapoynx fluctuosalis (Zeller). 1, Female from Santa Cruz Island, Galapagos (FW = 9.0 mm, CNC); 2, Male from Papua New Guinea (FW = 8.0 mm, D. Agassiz Collection). 3, 4: Undulambia lindbladi Landry. 3, Holotype male; 4, Paratype female from Isabela (MHNG)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/174565/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="49">Figs 3</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="37AE728E1F10C340FCB4F91A5972F92A" box="[788,835,1756,1782]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 5" captionStart-1="FIGURES 6 – 9" captionStartId-0="3.[264,367,1865,1889]" captionStartId-1="4.[264,382,1331,1355]" captionTargetBox-1="[277,1318,355,1304]" captionTargetId-1="figure@4.[264,1323,326,1307]" captionTargetPageId-1="4" captionText-0="FIGURE 5. Undulambia lindbladi Landry, wing venation." captionText-1="FIGURES 6 – 9. Undulambia lindbladi Landry. 6, Male genitalia in ventral view, without phallus (slide BL 1183, CNC); 7, Phallus in laterodorsal view (slide BL 1183); 8, Phallus in side view (slide MHNG 3129); 9, Female genitalia, ventral view (slide MHNG 3039)." httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/174566/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="49">5–8</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="37AE728E1F10C340FCF6F91A5946F92A" box="[854,887,1756,1782]" captionStart="FIGURES 10 – 11" captionStartId="7.[264,382,1795,1819]" captionTargetBox="[322,1283,322,1758]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[292,1307,290,1789]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 10 – 11. Undulambia lindbladi Landry. 10, Male genitalia in lateral view, without phallus, saccus partially deformed dorsally (slide MHNG 3036); 11, Female genitalia in lateral view (bursa broken proximally, from slide BMNH 21169)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/174567/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="49">10</figureCitation>
|
||
). Head with labial palpi upturned, reaching upper margin of eye; second palpomere about 1.3X length of third palpomere and as long as larger diameter of eye; greyish brown laterally on first palpomere and base or most of second, whitish-beige elsewhere. Maxillary palpi dark brown laterally at base, beige medially and on apical segment. Fronto-clypeus usually white with brown laterally, but usually descaled; brown in darker specimens from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="D7822E9B1F11C341FC39FE825E0FFE82" box="[921,1086,324,350]" name="Saint Kitts and Nevis" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">San Cristobal</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Vertex and occiput white with light brown to yellowish brown longer and thinner scales apicolaterally, and shorter and wider scales behind eyes; all brown in darker specimens from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="D7822E9B1F11C341FB22FE525F16FE72" box="[1154,1319,404,430]" name="Saint Kitts and Nevis" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">San Cristobal</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Antenna about 10% shorter than forewing (n = 6); each antennomere with apical ring of short scales and with additional basal set of about 8 scales dorsally; scales dark brown on first half of antenna, grey on apical half. Thorax anteriorly mostly light brown with slight ochreous tinge, with scales darker brown at their apex, dark brown at base of tegulae, whitish beige on mesothorax; darker brown in darker specimens from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="D7822E9B1F11C341FBF3FD9A5EC9FDAA" box="[1107,1272,604,630]" name="Saint Kitts and Nevis" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">San Cristobal</collectingCountry>
|
||
. All legs beige medially, laterally as follows, but darker greyish brown in darker specimens from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="D7822E9B1F11C341FEEAFD6A5BDFFD1A" box="[330,494,684,710]" name="Saint Kitts and Nevis" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">San Cristobal</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Foreleg light greyish brown on coxa; darker greyish brown on other segments. Midleg femur and three apical tarsomeres light greyish brown, tibia and first two tarsomeres darker greyish brown except for beige tip of tibia. Hindleg mostly beige, or with light greyish brown on tibia and all or only first two tarsomeres. Forewing length
|
||
<quantity id="686DC3EE1F11C341FEA8FC8A5B84FCBA" box="[264,437,844,870]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.285" metricValueMax="6.38" metricValueMin="4.19" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" unit="mm" value="5.285" valueMax="6.38" valueMin="4.19">4.19–6.38 mm</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<typeStatus id="702ED0A91F11C341FE67FC8A580BFCBA" box="[455,570,844,870]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
:
|
||
<quantity id="686DC3EE1F11C341FDE7FC8A5886FCBA" box="[583,695,844,870]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.56" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" unit="mm" value="5.56">5.56 mm</quantity>
|
||
). Forewing outer margin (
|
||
<figureCitation id="37AE728E1F11C341FC52FC8A5E0BFCBA" box="[1010,1082,844,870]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 4. 1, 2" captionStartId="2.[264,382,1342,1366]" captionTargetBox="[264,1322,486,1318]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[263,1323,486,1318]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 4. 1, 2: Parapoynx fluctuosalis (Zeller). 1, Female from Santa Cruz Island, Galapagos (FW = 9.0 mm, CNC); 2, Male from Papua New Guinea (FW = 8.0 mm, D. Agassiz Collection). 3, 4: Undulambia lindbladi Landry. 3, Holotype male; 4, Paratype female from Isabela (MHNG)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/174565/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
) slightly undulated, slightly more concave between M1 and M2; venation (
|
||
<figureCitation id="37AE728E1F11C341FC01FCB259DAFC52" box="[929,1003,884,910]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="3.[264,367,1865,1889]" captionText="FIGURE 5. Undulambia lindbladi Landry, wing venation." pageId="5" pageNumber="50">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
) with Sc ending at costal glandular swelling medially; R1 short, also ending at costal glandular swelling; R2 and R3 stalked, originating from about ¼ length of R4; R5 free, ending at apex; M1 free from R5, originating slightly below anterior angle of cell; M2 free, originating slightly above posterior corner of cell; cell open; M3 from posterior angle of cell; Cu1 from slightly before posterior angle of cell; Cu2 from about 2/3 cubital stem; CuP absent (diagnostic for subfamily); 1A represented by fold; 2A strong; 3A represented by short rudiment. Hindwing outer margin as in forewing; venation with Sc+R1 and Rs stalked from before 2/ 3 wing length; M1 arising slightly before middle of wing; cell open; M2 free, from above posterior angle of cell; M3 from posterior angle of cell; CuA1 from before posterior angle of cell; CuA2 from 3/5 length of cell; CuP absent; 1A weak, distinct only in its distal half; 2A shown as distinct line of stain, but not forming tube, except for base; 3A absent. Forewing colour dark brown with white and orange markings (obscured in darker specimens from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="D7822E9B1F11C341FE78FA5F58B5FA6F" box="[472,644,1433,1459]" name="Saint Kitts and Nevis" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">San Cristobal</collectingCountry>
|
||
); darker brown at base along costa and as outwardly concave crescent-shaped spot marking end of discal cell; with white, oblong, subcostal fovea medially; with four transverse white lines lined with dark brown: basal line usually incomplete towards costa, submedian line at 1/3 and nearly straight, postmedian line from 2/3 dorsum, straight to discal cell, surrounding apex of cell and ending straight on costa at 2/3, subapical line less conspicuous and made of separated spots between veins; orange markings as basal spot medially, along main veins before postmedian line, and as transverse lines following postmedian and subapical white lines although apical orange line separated into spots between veins; fringe with line of shorter scales dark greyish brown and line of longer scales light greyish brown. Hindwing mostly white with dark brown and orange lines, or mostly dark brown with inconspicuous lines in darker specimens from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="D7822E9B1F11C341FE71F8975849F8B7" box="[465,632,1873,1899]" name="Saint Kitts and Nevis" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">San Cristobal</collectingCountry>
|
||
; with three thin lines, latter most conspicuous, before ¼ wing length; median dark brown line similar in shape to white postmedian line; with dark brown spot at end of discal cell; with somewhat diffuse and irregular postmedian band of light greyish brown or dark brown (especially towards anal margin) and light orange projecting towards termen along some veins and between M1 and M2; with subapical dark brown line sometimes interrupted along veins, followed by light orange or white; sometimes with dark brown spots terminally; fringe on termen as in forewing, lighter greyish brown on anal margin. Abdomen dorsally banded greyish brown (on most of segments’ surfaces) and beige (at apices of segments II to VII and base of segment II) except for white base and apex of segment I, but darker specimens from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="D7822E9B1F12C342FB28FD995F1AFDA5" box="[1160,1323,607,633]" name="Saint Kitts and Nevis" pageId="6" pageNumber="51">San Cristobal</collectingCountry>
|
||
entirely greyish brown except for thin row of white at apices of segments I to VII; ventrally banded as on dorsal surfaces of segments, but darker areas much paler, especially so on darker specimens from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="D7822E9B1F12C342FDC1FD115935FD2D" box="[609,772,727,753]" name="Saint Kitts and Nevis" pageId="6" pageNumber="51">San Cristobal</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="AF2A6E0B1F12C342FE98FD395EDDF96D" blockId="6.[264,1323,284,1873]" pageId="6" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<emphasis id="9DE1B2191F12C342FE98FD395BDFFCC5" bold="true" box="[312,494,767,793]" pageId="6" pageNumber="51">Male genitalia</emphasis>
|
||
(n = 9) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="37AE728E1F12C342FDC6FD3958E5FCC5" box="[614,724,767,793]" captionStart="FIGURES 6 – 9" captionStartId="4.[264,382,1331,1355]" captionTargetBox="[277,1318,355,1304]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[264,1323,326,1307]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 6 – 9. Undulambia lindbladi Landry. 6, Male genitalia in ventral view, without phallus (slide BL 1183, CNC); 7, Phallus in laterodorsal view (slide BL 1183); 8, Phallus in side view (slide MHNG 3129); 9, Female genitalia, ventral view (slide MHNG 3039)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/174566/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="51">Figs 6–8</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="37AE728E1F12C342FD44FD395934FCC5" box="[740,773,767,793]" captionStart="FIGURES 10 – 11" captionStartId="7.[264,382,1795,1819]" captionTargetBox="[322,1283,322,1758]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[292,1307,290,1789]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 10 – 11. Undulambia lindbladi Landry. 10, Male genitalia in lateral view, without phallus, saccus partially deformed dorsally (slide MHNG 3036); 11, Female genitalia in lateral view (bursa broken proximally, from slide BMNH 21169)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/174567/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="51">10</figureCitation>
|
||
). Uncus narrow, slightly down-curved, about 10% shorter than valva measured on dorsal margin, with sparse setae of short to moderate length, apically gently pointed. Gnathos almost straight, only slightly down-curved, about ¾ length of uncus, with 4–10 small, shark-tooth-like spines on apical 1/5; bases extended ventrally. Tegumen in dorsal view with anterior margin forming broad, thickly sclerotized V; dorsally about half as wide as laterally; posterior margin laterally weakly sclerotized on dorsal 2/3, thickly sclerotized, strenghtened, on ventral 1/3. With moderately sclerotized narrow plate (t–v plate of Yoshiyasu (1985), stated to be absent in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="689515881F12C342FB82FBD15E8EFBED" box="[1058,1215,1047,1073]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Musotiminae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Musotiminae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) situated along lateroposterior margins of tegumen and connected between lateroventral angles of uncus and short dorsobasal projections of valvae as well as dorsal point of strenghtened posteroventral edges of tegumen. Vinculum laterally narrow, with bulbous saccus directed upward, almost as long as and almost at right angle from lateral branches of vinculum. Subscaphium lightly sclerotized ventrally, scobinated. Juxta long, about
|
||
<date id="DB2B48CB1F12C342FBDDFB195E90FB25" box="[1149,1185,1247,1273]" pageId="6" pageNumber="51">3X</date>
|
||
as long as wide, slightly shorter than gnathos, with narrow and low longitudinal crest dorsomedially from 1/5 to 3/5. Manica with minute setulae and spined ridges. Valva elongate, 2.5X longer than width at widest point situated near middle of convex ventral margin; dorsal edge on basal 1/3 wide, flattened and bare, with narrow, thickly sclerotized bar on medial edge; bar finely pointed apically and with short upward projection at base; medially with sparse short setae; apically rounded. Phallus slightly shorter than valva; apical third slightly down-curved; lateral margins mostly straight although irregular; basal 2/3 (from base to zone) dorsoventrally compressed, with lateral margins strongly sclerotized, but without sclerotization between margins for part or most of basal 2/3; beyond zone with partial (broken in diagonal dorsally), more strongly sclerotized ring of about 1/10 total length, apical 1/5 with longitudinal ridges all around; vesica without ornamentations.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="AF2A6E0B1F12C34CFE98F9795B89FBDA" blockId="6.[264,1323,284,1873]" lastBlockId="8.[264,1323,284,1876]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="53" pageId="6" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<emphasis id="9DE1B2191F12C342FE98F9795BA2F905" bold="true" box="[312,403,1727,1753]" pageId="6" pageNumber="51">Female</emphasis>
|
||
(n = 7) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="37AE728E1F12C342FDA9F979586BF905" box="[521,602,1727,1753]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 4. 1, 2" captionStartId="2.[264,382,1342,1366]" captionTargetBox="[264,1322,486,1318]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[263,1323,486,1318]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 4. 1, 2: Parapoynx fluctuosalis (Zeller). 1, Female from Santa Cruz Island, Galapagos (FW = 9.0 mm, CNC); 2, Male from Papua New Guinea (FW = 8.0 mm, D. Agassiz Collection). 3, 4: Undulambia lindbladi Landry. 3, Holotype male; 4, Paratype female from Isabela (MHNG)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/174565/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="51">Figs 4</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="37AE728E1F12C342FDCAF979584AF905" box="[618,635,1727,1753]" captionStart="FIGURES 6 – 9" captionStartId="4.[264,382,1331,1355]" captionTargetBox="[277,1318,355,1304]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[264,1323,326,1307]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 6 – 9. Undulambia lindbladi Landry. 6, Male genitalia in ventral view, without phallus (slide BL 1183, CNC); 7, Phallus in laterodorsal view (slide BL 1183); 8, Phallus in side view (slide MHNG 3129); 9, Female genitalia, ventral view (slide MHNG 3039)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/174566/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="51">9</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="37AE728E1F12C342FD2CF979589AF905" box="[652,683,1727,1753]" captionStart="FIGURES 10 – 11" captionStartId="7.[264,382,1795,1819]" captionTargetBox="[322,1283,322,1758]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[292,1307,290,1789]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 10 – 11. Undulambia lindbladi Landry. 10, Male genitalia in lateral view, without phallus, saccus partially deformed dorsally (slide MHNG 3036); 11, Female genitalia in lateral view (bursa broken proximally, from slide BMNH 21169)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/174567/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="51">11</figureCitation>
|
||
). Labial palpi projected straight ahead, only slightly upturned apically, longer than male’s, with second palpomere 1.5X longer than third palpomere and 1.8X longer than largest diameter of eye. Antenna about 25% shorter than forewing (n=3; range=16%–37%); antennomeres thinner than male’s. Colour (
|
||
<figureCitation id="37AE728E1F12C342FB76F8F15F2DF88D" box="[1238,1308,1847,1873]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 4. 1, 2" captionStartId="2.[264,382,1342,1366]" captionTargetBox="[264,1322,486,1318]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[263,1323,486,1318]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 4. 1, 2: Parapoynx fluctuosalis (Zeller). 1, Female from Santa Cruz Island, Galapagos (FW = 9.0 mm, CNC); 2, Male from Papua New Guinea (FW = 8.0 mm, D. Agassiz Collection). 3, 4: Undulambia lindbladi Landry. 3, Holotype male; 4, Paratype female from Isabela (MHNG)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/174565/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="51">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
) generally darker brown than in males. Forewing length
|
||
<quantity id="686DC3EE1F1CC34CFC3CFEDA5E7BFEEA" box="[924,1098,284,310]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.529999999999999" metricValueMax="6.25" metricValueMin="4.81" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" unit="mm" value="5.529999999999999" valueMax="6.25" valueMin="4.81">4.81–6.25 mm</quantity>
|
||
; pattern with more or less distinct white transverse markings, and with variable amounts of orange scaling; forewing and hindwing shape as males’, but without glandular swelling and fovea; frenulum with one acantha. Female genitalia (n = 3) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="37AE728E1F1CC34CFCDDFE5259F8FE72" box="[893,969,404,430]" captionStart="FIGURES 6 – 9" captionStartId="4.[264,382,1331,1355]" captionTargetBox="[277,1318,355,1304]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[264,1323,326,1307]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 6 – 9. Undulambia lindbladi Landry. 6, Male genitalia in ventral view, without phallus (slide BL 1183, CNC); 7, Phallus in laterodorsal view (slide BL 1183); 8, Phallus in side view (slide MHNG 3129); 9, Female genitalia, ventral view (slide MHNG 3039)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/174566/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">Figs 9</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="37AE728E1F1CC34CFC77FE5259C7FE72" box="[983,1014,404,430]" captionStart="FIGURES 10 – 11" captionStartId="7.[264,382,1795,1819]" captionTargetBox="[322,1283,322,1758]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[292,1307,290,1789]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 10 – 11. Undulambia lindbladi Landry. 10, Male genitalia in lateral view, without phallus, saccus partially deformed dorsally (slide MHNG 3036); 11, Female genitalia in lateral view (bursa broken proximally, from slide BMNH 21169)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/174567/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">11</figureCitation>
|
||
). Papillae anales rounded, about
|
||
<date id="DB2B48CB1F1CC34CFEF4FE7A5B48FE0A" box="[340,377,444,470]" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">2X</date>
|
||
longer than wide at largest width, dorsally, with basal sclerotized band wide dorsally (about 1/3 total width) to very narrow ventrally, with irregular margins; with setae of medium length to long mostly on apical margin and few long setae along margin of basal sclerotized band. Posterior apophyses slender, pointed, reaching basal margin of segment VIII. Segment VIII with narrow sclerotized basal band disconnected ventrally, also with band of few short setae laterally and dorsally at apex of segment; anterior apophyses slender, slightly curved, blunt, reaching about middle of segment VII. Ostium in middle of intersegmental membrane VII-VIII ventrally, without associated sclerotization, but with minute spinulae. Ductus bursae long and moderately wide, dorsoventrally compressed, reaching basal margin of segment VII, with spinulae next to connection with ductus seminalis (close to entrance of corpus bursae). Corpus bursae elongate, about 20% shorter than ductus bursae, slightly wider on proximal half, about twice as long as wide (width measured at proximal half), with spinulae on most of surface except proximal third. Spermatophore perfectly rounded except for short and slightly narrower neck.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="FBEA3E831F13C343FEA8F8C55948F8BC" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/174567/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" targetBox="[322,1283,322,1758]" targetPageId="7">
|
||
<paragraph id="AF2A6E0B1F13C343FEA8F8C55948F8BC" blockId="7.[264,1323,1795,1888]" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">
|
||
<emphasis id="9DE1B2191F13C343FEA8F8C55BE5F8C7" bold="true" box="[264,468,1795,1819]" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">FIGURES 10–11.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="689515881F13C343FE42F8C55907F8C6" authority="Landry." authorityName="Landry." box="[482,822,1795,1818]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Undulambia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lindbladi">
|
||
<emphasis id="9DE1B2191F13C343FE42F8C558E4F8C6" box="[482,725,1795,1818]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">Undulambia lindbladi</emphasis>
|
||
Landry.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
10, Male genitalia in lateral view, without phallus, saccus partially deformed dorsally (slide MHNG 3036); 11, Female genitalia in lateral view (bursa broken proximally, from slide BMNH 21169).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="AF2A6E0B1F1CC34CFE98FBD25E90FB7A" blockId="8.[264,1323,284,1876]" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<emphasis id="9DE1B2191F1CC34CFE98FBD25BFBFBF2" bold="true" box="[312,458,1044,1070]" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">Life history</emphasis>
|
||
. One specimen was reared by the second author from a larva mining a stem of the fern
|
||
<taxonomicName id="689515881F1CC34CFE7EFBFA58E9FB89" box="[478,728,1084,1109]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Dennstaedtiaceae" genus="Pteridium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polypodiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aquilinum">
|
||
<emphasis id="9DE1B2191F1CC34CFE7EFBFA58E9FB89" box="[478,728,1084,1109]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">Pteridium aquilinum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="689515881F1CC34CFD44FBFA5EDCFB8A" authority="Herter" authorityName="Herter" box="[740,1261,1084,1110]" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" rank="variety" variety="arachnoideum">
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis id="9DE1B2191F1CC34CFCBCFBFA59F4FB89" box="[796,965,1084,1109]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">arachnoideum</emphasis>
|
||
Herter (Polypodiaceae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The moths fly in the day time and at night, and they are attracted to light. Most of the available specimens were collected at higher elevations, mostly in fern covered habitats.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="AF2A6E0B1F1CC34DFE98FB725938FD32" blockId="8.[264,1323,284,1876]" lastBlockId="9.[264,1323,284,1636]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="54" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<emphasis id="9DE1B2191F1CC34CFE98FB725B4FFB12" bold="true" box="[312,382,1204,1230]" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">Notes</emphasis>
|
||
. The identification of this species to genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="689515881F1CC34CFCDDFB725E21FB11" box="[893,1040,1204,1229]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Undulambia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="9DE1B2191F1CC34CFCDDFB725E21FB11" box="[893,1040,1204,1229]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">Undulambia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was originally made by E. G. Munroe after his examination of the first specimens collected by BL in 1989. Its morphology generally agrees with the description of the genus provided by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CB0413FA1F1CC34CFB2BFAC25F1BFAC2" author="Lange" box="[1163,1322,1284,1310]" pageId="8" pageNumber="55" refString="Lange Jr., W. H. (1956) A generic revision of the aquatic moths of North America: (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae, Nymphulinae). Wasmann Journal of Biology, 14, 59 - 144." type="journal article" year="1956">Lange (1956)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CB0413FA1F1CC34CFE9CFAEA5BC4FA9A" author="Munroe" box="[316,501,1324,1350]" pageId="8" pageNumber="55" refString="Munroe, E. G. (1972) Pyraloidea, Pyralidae (part). In: Dominick, R. B. et al. (Eds.), The Moths of America North of Mexico, Fascicles 13.1 A & 13.1 C. The Curwen Press, London, pp. 1 - 134 (Fasc. 13.1 A), 253 - 304 + 24 plates + xx (Fasc. 13.1 C)." type="book chapter" year="1972">Munroe (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, and the characters mentioned by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CB0413FA1F1CC34CFC36FAEA5E54FA9A" box="[918,1125,1324,1350]" pageId="8" pageNumber="56" refString="Yen, S. - H., Solis, M. A. & Goolsby, J. A. (2004) Austromusotima, a new musotimine genus (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) feeding on Old World climbing fern, Lygodium microphyllum (Schizaeaceae). Annals ot the Entomological Society of America, 97, 397 - 410. Yoshiyasu, Y. (1985) A systematic study of the Nymphulinae and the Musotiminae of Japan. Scientific Reports of the Kyoto Prefectural University (Agriculture), 37, 1 - 172. Zimmerman, E. C. (1958) Lepidoptera: Pyraloidea. Insects of Hawaii, Vol. 8. University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu, ix + 456 pp." type="book chapter">
|
||
Yen
|
||
<emphasis id="9DE1B2191F1CC34CFC6EFAEA5E3DFA99" box="[974,1036,1324,1349]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2004)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
in their Table 2 which compares most of the genera of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="689515881F1CC34CFD4AFA9259B8FAB2" box="[746,905,1364,1390]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Musotiminae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Musotiminae</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Of particular importance to us in assigning
|
||
<taxonomicName id="689515881F1CC34CFEDFFABA583FFA49" box="[383,526,1404,1429]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Undulambia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lindbladi">
|
||
<emphasis id="9DE1B2191F1CC34CFEDFFABA583FFA49" box="[383,526,1404,1429]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">U. lindbladi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="689515881F1CC34CFD95FABA58F9FA49" box="[565,712,1404,1429]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Undulambia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="9DE1B2191F1CC34CFD95FABA58F9FA49" box="[565,712,1404,1429]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">Undulambia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
when comparing it with the generic description are the presence of a median costal swelling and fovea on the male forewing, the absence of cataclystiform wing pattern elements (especially terminal dots on the hindwing as found in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="689515881F1CC34CFEA8FA325814F9D2" authority="Hampson" authorityName="Hampson" box="[264,549,1524,1550]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Neurophyseta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="9DE1B2191F1CC34CFEA8FA325B9BF9D1" box="[264,426,1524,1549]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">Neurophyseta</emphasis>
|
||
Hampson
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), the simple male valva with a narrower apex, and the similarity in shape of the phallus.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="689515881F1CC34CFDA4F9DA5938F9E9" box="[516,777,1564,1589]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Undulambia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lindbladi">
|
||
<emphasis id="9DE1B2191F1CC34CFDA4F9DA5938F9E9" box="[516,777,1564,1589]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">Undulambia lindbladi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from the
|
||
<typeStatus id="702ED0A91F1CC34CFC73F9DA5E37F9EA" box="[979,1030,1564,1590]" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">type</typeStatus>
|
||
species of the genus (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="689515881F1CC34CFAAEF9DA5B88F982" authority="Dyar" authorityName="Dyar" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Undulambia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="striatalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="9DE1B2191F1CC34CFAAEF9DA5B41F981" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">U. striatalis</emphasis>
|
||
Dyar
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) in the less incised wing margins, the wing pattern (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="689515881F1CC34CFBEDF9825EEFF981" box="[1101,1246,1604,1629]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Undulambia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="striatalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="9DE1B2191F1CC34CFBEDF9825EEFF981" box="[1101,1246,1604,1629]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">U. striatalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a striking pattern of longitudinal stripes), the stalking of forewing veins R2 and R3 before their common stem is stalked with R4 (R2 and R3 are separately stalked with R
|
||
<quantity id="686DC3EE1F1CC34CFB77F9615F32F96D" box="[1239,1283,1687,1717]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.016" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" unit="in" value="4.0">4 in</quantity>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="689515881F1CC34CFAAEF9515B41F907" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Undulambia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="striatalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="9DE1B2191F1CC34CFAAEF9515B41F907" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">U. striatalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), the apparent absence of 3A in the hindwing, the less bifid juxta in the male genitalia, and the narrower ductus bursae. This comparison suffers from the coarse description of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="689515881F1CC34CFE63F8D45866F8F7" box="[451,599,1810,1835]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Undulambia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="striatalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="9DE1B2191F1CC34CFE63F8D45866F8F7" box="[451,599,1810,1835]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">U. striatalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and our lack of material, but we believe that no other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="689515881F1CC34CFEA8F8FC5B92F888" box="[264,419,1850,1876]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Musotiminae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Musotiminae</taxonomicName>
|
||
genus of the New World would make a better choice for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="689515881F1CC34CFBC3F8FC5EC2F88F" box="[1123,1267,1850,1875]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Undulambia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lindbladi">
|
||
<emphasis id="9DE1B2191F1CC34CFBC3F8FC5EC2F88F" box="[1123,1267,1850,1875]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">U. lindbladi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. We feel especially confident in E. G. Munroe’s initial assignment of this species to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="689515881F1DC34DFEA8FE825BAAFE81" box="[264,411,324,349]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Undulambia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="9DE1B2191F1DC34DFEA8FE825BAAFE81" box="[264,411,324,349]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">Undulambia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as he described two of the seven recognized
|
||
<taxonomicName id="689515881F1DC34DFC11FE825E7DFE82" box="[945,1100,324,350]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Musotiminae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Musotiminae</taxonomicName>
|
||
genera in the New World (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="689515881F1DC34DFEC1FEAA5BF9FE59" box="[353,456,364,389]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Malleria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="9DE1B2191F1DC34DFEC1FEAA5BF9FE59" box="[353,456,364,389]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">Malleria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="689515881F1DC34DFDA0FEAA58B8FE59" box="[512,649,364,389]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Midilambia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="9DE1B2191F1DC34DFDA0FEAA58B8FE59" box="[512,649,364,389]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">Midilambia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="689515881F1DC34DFD38FEAA595BFE5A" authority="Guenee" authorityName="Guenee" box="[664,874,364,390]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Cymoriza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="9DE1B2191F1DC34DFD38FEAA593BFE59" box="[664,778,364,389]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">Cymoriza</emphasis>
|
||
Guenée
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
having been synonymized by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CB0413FA1F1DC34DFB6EFEAA5B66FE72" author="Munroe" pageId="9" pageNumber="55" refString="Munroe, E. G. (1995) Nymphulinae. pp. 48 - 51. In: Heppner, J. B. (Ed.), Atlas of Neotropical Lepidoptera, Volume 3. Association for Tropical Lepidoptera and Scientific Publishers, Gainesville, liv + 243 pp." type="book chapter" year="1995">Munroe (1995)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
by placing its
|
||
<typeStatus id="702ED0A91F1DC34DFDA8FE52580AFE72" box="[520,571,404,430]" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">type</typeStatus>
|
||
species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="689515881F1DC34DFD08FE525982FE72" authority="Guenee" authorityName="Guenee" box="[680,947,404,430]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Cymoriza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="damescalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="9DE1B2191F1DC34DFD08FE52597FFE71" box="[680,846,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">C. damescalis</emphasis>
|
||
Guenée
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="689515881F1DC34DFC7FFE525EB0FE71" box="[991,1153,404,429]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Neurophyseta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="9DE1B2191F1DC34DFC7FFE525EB0FE71" box="[991,1153,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">Neurophyseta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and he listed all the species, introducing 41 new combinations (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CB0413FA1F1DC34DFCF0FE7A59C4FE0A" author="Munroe" box="[848,1013,444,470]" pageId="9" pageNumber="55" refString="Munroe, E. G. (1995) Nymphulinae. pp. 48 - 51. In: Heppner, J. B. (Ed.), Atlas of Neotropical Lepidoptera, Volume 3. Association for Tropical Lepidoptera and Scientific Publishers, Gainesville, liv + 243 pp." type="book chapter" year="1995">Munroe 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Also, if one considers
|
||
<taxonomicName id="689515881F1DC34DFAAEFE7A5BC0FE22" authority="Capps" authorityName="Capps" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Undulambia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="polystichalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="9DE1B2191F1DC34DFAAEFE7A5BADFE21" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">U. polystichalis</emphasis>
|
||
Capps
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, from Florida, to be a member of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="689515881F1DC34DFC2BFE225E2FFE21" box="[907,1054,484,509]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Undulambia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="9DE1B2191F1DC34DFC2BFE225E2FFE21" box="[907,1054,484,509]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">Undulambia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, then the wing pattern similarity is another character in favour of assigning
|
||
<taxonomicName id="689515881F1DC34DFC61FDCA5E68FDF9" box="[961,1113,524,549]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Undulambia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lindbladi">
|
||
<emphasis id="9DE1B2191F1DC34DFC61FDCA5E68FDF9" box="[961,1113,524,549]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">U. lindbladi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="689515881F1DC34DFB31FDCA5F15FDF9" box="[1169,1316,524,549]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Undulambia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="9DE1B2191F1DC34DFB31FDCA5F15FDF9" box="[1169,1316,524,549]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">Undulambia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. However, a phylogenetic analysis of the New World genera would be desirable, although clearly beyond the scope of this study, to properly evaluate the placement of this species and all other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="689515881F1DC34DFE0AFD42580CFD41" box="[426,573,644,669]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Undulambia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="9DE1B2191F1DC34DFE0AFD42580CFD41" box="[426,573,644,669]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">Undulambia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species with regards to their similarities and differences from the
|
||
<typeStatus id="702ED0A91F1DC34DFE93FD6A5B57FD1A" box="[307,358,684,710]" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">type</typeStatus>
|
||
species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="689515881F1DC34DFE4AFD6A584CFD19" box="[490,637,684,709]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Undulambia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="9DE1B2191F1DC34DFE4AFD6A584CFD19" box="[490,637,684,709]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">Undulambia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. With this in mind we prefer the conservative approach of considering the differences as intra-generic.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="AF2A6E0B1F1DC34DFE98FD3A591DFC52" blockId="9.[264,1323,284,1636]" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">
|
||
In order to determine that the Galapagos Islands’ species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="689515881F1DC34DFC53FD3A5EB4FCC9" box="[1011,1157,764,789]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Undulambia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="9DE1B2191F1DC34DFC53FD3A5EB4FCC9" box="[1011,1157,764,789]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">Undulambia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was new, BL examined the
|
||
<typeStatus id="702ED0A91F1DC34DFE0FFCE25BDCFCE2" box="[431,493,804,830]" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">types</typeStatus>
|
||
of 15 of the 29 described species in the BMNH and Munroe’s (1972) treatment of North
|
||
<collectingCountry id="D7822E9B1F1DC34DFE4EFC8A5862FCBA" box="[494,595,844,870]" name="United States of America" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">America</collectingCountry>
|
||
(3 species), and M. A. Solis (pers. comm.) compared it with the
|
||
<typeStatus id="702ED0A91F1DC34DFE93FCB25B40FC52" box="[307,369,884,910]" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">types</typeStatus>
|
||
of the other 11 species in the USNM.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="AF2A6E0B1F1DC34DFE98FC5A587BFAC2" blockId="9.[264,1323,284,1636]" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">
|
||
The name of this species honours Sven-Olof Lindblad of Lindblad Expeditions, based in New York,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="D7822E9B1F1DC34DFE61FC025822FC02" box="[449,531,964,990]" name="United States of America" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">U.S.A.</collectingCountry>
|
||
, for his multiple generous contributions to conservation in the Galapagos Islands. The species has been found so far on the islands of Isabela, Pinta,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="D7822E9B1F1DC34DFB5EFC2A5B47FBF2" name="Saint Kitts and Nevis" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">San Cristobal</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Santa Cruz, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="689515881F1DC34DFDEDFBD25886FBF2" box="[589,695,1044,1070]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Santiago" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Santiago</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The sexual dimorphism reflected by the longer and forward directed labial palpi of the female hasn’t been recorded for the North American species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="689515881F1DC34DFE24FBA258EDFBA2" authority="Munroe 1972" authorityName="Munroe" authorityYear="1972" box="[388,732,1124,1150]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Musotiminae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
Musotiminae (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CB0413FA1F1DC34DFD8EFBA258E2FBA2" author="Munroe" box="[558,723,1124,1150]" pageId="9" pageNumber="55" refString="Munroe, E. G. (1972) Pyraloidea, Pyralidae (part). In: Dominick, R. B. et al. (Eds.), The Moths of America North of Mexico, Fascicles 13.1 A & 13.1 C. The Curwen Press, London, pp. 1 - 134 (Fasc. 13.1 A), 253 - 304 + 24 plates + xx (Fasc. 13.1 C)." type="book chapter" year="1972">Munroe 1972</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="689515881F1DC34DFC94FBA259E7FBA1" box="[820,982,1124,1149]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Neurophyseta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="9DE1B2191F1DC34DFC94FBA259E7FBA1" box="[820,982,1124,1149]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">Neurophyseta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="689515881F1DC34DFBCCFBA25874FB7A" authority="Hampson" authorityName="Hampson" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Austromusotima" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="camptozonale">
|
||
<emphasis id="9DE1B2191F1DC34DFBCCFBA25B9AFB79" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">Austromusotima camptozonale</emphasis>
|
||
(Hampson)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
the labial palps are sexually dimorphic, although the dimorphism is different than that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="689515881F1DC34DFD71FB725E0DFB12" authority="Landry" authorityName="Landry" box="[721,1084,1204,1230]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Undulambia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lindbladi">
|
||
<emphasis id="9DE1B2191F1DC34DFD71FB7259EAFB11" box="[721,987,1204,1229]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">Undulambia lindbladi</emphasis>
|
||
Landry
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CB0413FA1F1DC34DFBF0FB725B77FB2A" author="Phillips" pageId="9" pageNumber="55" refString="Phillips R. E. & Solis, M. A. (1996) Neurophyseta (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) de Costa Rica. Revista de Biologia Tropical, 44, 693 - 717." type="journal article" year="1996">Phillips and Solis 1996</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CB0413FA1F1DC34DFEF6FB1A582AFB2A" author="Yen" box="[342,539,1244,1270]" pageId="9" pageNumber="56" refString="Yen, S. - H., Solis, M. A. & Goolsby, J. A. (2004) Austromusotima, a new musotimine genus (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) feeding on Old World climbing fern, Lygodium microphyllum (Schizaeaceae). Annals ot the Entomological Society of America, 97, 397 - 410. Yoshiyasu, Y. (1985) A systematic study of the Nymphulinae and the Musotiminae of Japan. Scientific Reports of the Kyoto Prefectural University (Agriculture), 37, 1 - 172. Zimmerman, E. C. (1958) Lepidoptera: Pyraloidea. Insects of Hawaii, Vol. 8. University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu, ix + 456 pp." type="book chapter" year="2004">
|
||
Yen
|
||
<emphasis id="9DE1B2191F1DC34DFE30FB1A5BF9FB29" box="[400,456,1244,1269]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2004
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Wing colour dimorphism has been noted also for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="689515881F1DC34DFB38FB1A5877FAC2" authority="Capps (1965)" authorityName="Capps" authorityYear="1965" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Undulambia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="polystichalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="9DE1B2191F1DC34DFB38FB1A5BADFAC1" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">Undulambia polystichalis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CB0413FA1F1DC34DFE04FAC25877FAC2" author="Capps" box="[420,582,1284,1310]" pageId="9" pageNumber="55" refString="Capps, H. W. (1965) A new Undulambia species on leather-leaf fern in Florida, and note on a closely related Central American species (Lepidoptera: Pyraustidae, Nymphulinae). Florida Entomologist, 48, 155 - 157." type="journal article" year="1965">Capps (1965)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="AF2A6E0B1F1DC34DFE98FAEA5E41F9B8" blockId="9.[264,1323,284,1636]" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">
|
||
In the Galapagos Islands this species can be differentiated from the other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="689515881F1DC34DFB3DFAEA5F1AFA9A" box="[1181,1323,1324,1350]" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Lepidoptera</taxonomicName>
|
||
species by the characters that identify it as a
|
||
<taxonomicName id="689515881F1DC34DFC82FA9259A0FAB2" box="[802,913,1364,1390]" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Pyralidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
(scaled proboscis and presence of abdominal tympanal organs) and, among the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="689515881F1DC34DFCBAFABA59BDFA4A" box="[794,908,1404,1430]" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Pyralidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, by the wing pattern, especially the presence in the forewing of two paler, usually white, transverse lines bordered by dark brown scales, i.e., an almost straight submedian line and a curved postmedian line from about 2/3 dorsal margin to 2/3 costa. The slight incision of the outer margin between M1 and M
|
||
<quantity id="686DC3EE1F1DC34DFEF4F9E95B4AF9E5" box="[340,379,1567,1597]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.08" pageId="9" pageNumber="54" unit="in" value="2.0">2 in</quantity>
|
||
both wings is also diagnostic, as well as the presence in the male of a glandular swelling on the forewing costa associated with a subcostal fovea medially.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |