374 lines
42 KiB
XML
374 lines
42 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1142.90097" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1142-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="1D4BDF04F72B59B9984E00D0B4FB338D" ID-ZooBank="A1129EE50F9941CFB73AE771B66E2486" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1142-1" checkinTime="1674655519517" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Tongkerd, Piyoros, Tumpeesuwan, Sakboworn, Inkhavilay, Khamla, Prasankok, Pongpun, Jeratthitikul, Ekgachai, Panha, Somsak & Sutcharit, Chirasak" docDate="2023" docId="0B7E01EDD09D5DE0B58D40609E34EC14" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1142: 1-144" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1142" docPubDate="2023-01-24" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1142.90097" docTitle="Rhiostoma haughtoni Benson 1860" docType="treatment" docVersion="1" id="1D4BDF04F72B59B9984E00D0B4FB338D" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="1D4BDF04F72B59B9984E00D0B4FB338D" masterDocTitle="Systematic revision of the snorkel snail genus Rhiostoma Benson, 1860 (Gastropoda, Caenogastropoda, Cyclophoridae) with descriptions of new species" masterLastPageNumber="144" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1674655519517" updateUser="pensoft">
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<mods:title>Systematic revision of the snorkel snail genus Rhiostoma Benson, 1860 (Gastropoda, Caenogastropoda, Cyclophoridae) with descriptions of new species</mods:title>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Tongkerd, Piyoros</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Animal Systematics Research Unit, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Tumpeesuwan, Sakboworn</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Animal Systematics Research Unit, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand & Present address: Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mahasarakham University, Kantharawichai, Maha Sarakham 44150 Thailand</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Inkhavilay, Khamla</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Science, National University of Laos, P. O. Box 7322, Dongdok, Vientiane, Laos</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Prasankok, Pongpun</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>School of Biology, Institute of Science, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Jeratthitikul, Ekgachai</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Animal Systematics and Molecular Ecology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart>Panha, Somsak</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Animal Systematics Research Unit, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Sutcharit, Chirasak</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Animal Systematics Research Unit, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">jirasak4@yahoo.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:date>2023</mods:date>
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<mods:number>2023-01-24</mods:number>
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<mods:number>1142</mods:number>
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>144</mods:end>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1142.90097</mods:url>
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<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0B7E01EDD09D5DE0B58D40609E34EC14" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0B7E01EDD09D5DE0B58D40609E34EC14" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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1.
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<taxonomicName ID-CoL="795G9" LSID="0B7E01ED-D09D-5DE0-B58D-40609E34EC14" authority="Benson, 1860" authorityName="Benson" authorityYear="1860" class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Rhiostoma" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhiostoma haughtoni" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="haughtoni">Rhiostoma haughtoni Benson, 1860</taxonomicName>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Live snails of the species group I A Rhiostoma haughtoni specimen CUMZ 10048 / 2 from Dhammathat Cave, Myanmar B-D Rhiostoma samuiense B specimen CUMZ 3989 from Samui Island, Surat Thani C specimen CUMZ 3996 from Perlis, Malaysia (topotype of Rhiostoma chupingense) D specimen CUMZ 4713 of " proboscis " morphotype from Surat Thani E, F copulation pair of Rhiostoma samuiense specimen CUMZ 4713 from Surat Thani shows unsuccessfully transferred spermatophore (female on the right in E and on the left in F), and the red arrows indicate a spermatophore illustrated in Fig. 7 D. All figures are not to scale." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1142.90097.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/799867" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 9A</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Distribution map of Rhiostoma haughtoni - species group." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1142.90097.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/799868" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 10</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Shell of Rhiostoma haughtoni A lectotype UMZC I. 103445. A from Moulmein B paralectotype UMZC I. 103445. B C specimen NHMUK 88.12.4.1985 - 1986 figured in Gude (1921, fig. 22) from Damaltha, Burma D-F specimens CUMZ 10048 from Dhammatat Cave, Mon, Myanmar." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1142.90097.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/799869" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 11</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 16. Radula morphology A Rhiostoma haughtoni specimen CUMZ 10048 / 2 from Dhammatat Cave, Mon, Myanmar B, C Rhiostoma samuiense B specimen CUMZ 3989 from Samui Island, Surat Thani and C specimen CUMZ 3996 from Bukit Chuping, Perlis, Malaysia D Rhiostoma rhothonotaphrosa sp. nov. paratype CUMZ 4710 from Klong Had, Srakeo." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1142.90097.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/799874" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 16A</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Benson" authorityYear="1860" class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Rhiostoma" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhiostoma haughtoni" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="haughtoni">Rhiostoma haughtoni</taxonomicName>
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Benson, 1860: 96, 97. Type locality: ad cavernam Damatha, non procul ab urbe Moulmein [Dhammathat Cave, Mawlamyine, Mon State, Myanmar].
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.10621" author="Pfeiffer, L" journalOrPublisher="Supplementum Secundum, Volume 3. Cassellis: Theodori Fischeri" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B136" refString="Pfeiffer, L, 1865. Monographia Pneumonopomorum viventium. Supplementum Secundum, Volume 3. Cassellis: Theodori Fischeri, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.10621" title="Monographia Pneumonopomorum viventium." url="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.10621" year="1865">Pfeiffer 1865</bibRefCitation>
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: 39, 40.
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<bibRefCitation author="Stoliczka, F" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="143 - 177" refId="B158" refString="Stoliczka, F, 1871. Notes on terrestrial Mollusca from the neighbourhood of Moulmein (Tenasserim Province). Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal 40: 143 - 177" title="Notes on terrestrial Mollusca from the neighbourhood of Moulmein (Tenasserim Province)." volume="40" year="1871">Stoliczka 1871</bibRefCitation>
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: 150. Kobelt and
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Möllendorff">Moellendorff</normalizedToken>
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1897: 115.
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<bibRefCitation author="Kobelt, W" journalOrPublisher="Das Tierreich" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 663" refId="B71" refString="Kobelt, W, 1902. Cyclophoridae. Das Tierreich 16: 1 - 663" title="Cyclophoridae." volume="16" year="1902">Kobelt 1902</bibRefCitation>
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: 177, 178, fig. 38. Kobelt 1911: 759, 760, pl. 110, fig. 14; pl. 111, figs 14-16.
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<bibRefCitation author="Gude, GK" editor="Shipley, AS" journalOrPublisher="Taylor and Francis, Red Lion Court, Fleet, Street, Bombay" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 386" refId="B52" refString="Gude, GK, 1921. Land operculates (Cyclophoridae, Truncatellidae, Assiminidae, Helicinidae). In: Shipley, AS, Mashall, GAK, Eds., The Fauna of British India including Ceylon and Burma, Mollusca III. Taylor and Francis, Red Lion Court, Fleet, Street, Bombay: 1 - 386" title="Land operculates (Cyclophoridae, Truncatellidae, Assiminidae, Helicinidae)." volumeTitle="The Fauna of British India including Ceylon and Burma, Mollusca III." year="1921">Gude 1921</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 128, 129, fig. 22.
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<bibRefCitation author="Wenz, W" editor="Schindewolf, OH" journalOrPublisher="Gebrueder Borntraeger, Berlin" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 480" refId="B182" refString="Wenz, W, 1938. Teil 1: Allgemeiner Teil und Prosobranchia. In: Schindewolf, OH, Ed., Handbuch Der Palaeozoologie. Gebrueder Borntraeger, Berlin: 1 - 480" title="Teil 1: Allgemeiner Teil und Prosobranchia." volumeTitle="Handbuch Der Palaeozoologie." year="1938">Wenz 1938</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 462, fig. 1166.
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||
<bibRefCitation author="Zilch, A" journalOrPublisher="Archiv fuer Molluskenkunde" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="171 - 196" refId="B188" refString="Zilch, A, 1956. Die typen und typoide des Natur-Museums Senckenberg, 18, Mollusca Cyclophoridae, Cyclophorinae (4). Archiv fuer Molluskenkunde 85: 171 - 196" title="Die typen und typoide des Natur-Museums Senckenberg, 18, Mollusca Cyclophoridae, Cyclophorinae (4)." volume="85" year="1956">Zilch 1956</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 174.
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||
<bibRefCitation author="Rees, WJ" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Malacological Society of London" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="55 - 67" refId="B144" refString="Rees, WJ, 1964. A review of breathing devices in land operculated snail. Proceedings of the Malacological Society of London 36: 55 - 67" title="A review of breathing devices in land operculated snail." volume="36" year="1964">Rees 1964</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 67, pl. 4, fig. 14.
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<bibRefCitation author="Preece, RC" journalOrPublisher="Journal and Proceedings of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, new series" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B142" refString="Preece, RC, White, TS, Raheem, DC, Ketchum, H, Ablett, J, Taylor, H, Webb, K, Naggs, F, 2022. William Benson and the origins of the golden age of malacology in British India: Biography, illustrated catalogue and evaluation of his molluscan types. Tropical Natural History (Supplement 6): 1-434." title="William Benson and the origins of the golden age of malacology in British India: Biography, illustrated catalogue and evaluation of his molluscan types. Tropical Natural History (Supplement 6): 1 - 434." year="2022">Preece et al. 2022</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 77, 78, fig. 29e, f.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Pterocyclos" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pterocyclos (Rhiostoma) haughtoni" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="haughtoni" subGenus="Rhiostoma">Pterocyclos (Rhiostoma) haughtoni</taxonomicName>
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-
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.14456" author="Hanley, SCT" journalOrPublisher="Nature and Life in Southeast Asia, Kyoto" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B55" refString="Hanley, SCT, Theobald, W, 1870. Conchologia Indica: Illustrations of the Land and Freshwater Shells of British India. London, i-xviii + 1-65 pp. [pp. 1-18, pls 1-40 (1870)] [Published in parts, dates follow Prashad (1927)] https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.14456" title="Conchologia Indica: Illustrations of the Land and Freshwater Shells of British India. London, i-xviii + 1 - 65 pp. [pp. 1 - 18, pls 1 - 40 (1870)] [Published in parts, dates follow Prashad (1927)]" url="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.14456" year="1870">Hanley and Theobald 1870</bibRefCitation>
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: 3, pl. 5, fig. 10.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Pterocyclus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pterocyclus" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Pterocyclus</taxonomicName>
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[sig] (
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Benson" authorityYear="1860" class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Rhiostoma" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhiostoma" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Rhiostoma</taxonomicName>
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)
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Benson" authorityYear="1860" class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Rhiostoma" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhiostoma haughtoni" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="haughtoni">Rhiostoma haughtoni</taxonomicName>
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-
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.11957" author="Nevill, G" journalOrPublisher="Calcutta, Trustees" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B114" refString="Nevill, G, 1878. Hand list of Mollusca in the Indian Museum, Calcutta. Calcutta, Trustees, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.11957" title="Hand list of Mollusca in the Indian Museum, Calcutta." url="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.11957" year="1878">Nevill 1878</bibRefCitation>
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: 262.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Pterocyclos" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pterocyclos haughtoni" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="haughtoni">Pterocyclos haughtoni</taxonomicName>
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-
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<bibRefCitation author="Reeve, LA" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Malacological Society of London" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B145" refString="Reeve, LA, 1863. Conchologia Iconica: Illustrations of the shells of molluscous animals. Volume 14, Pterocyclos, plates 1-5. Lovell Reeve and Co., London." title="Conchologia Iconica: Illustrations of the shells of molluscous animals. Volume 14, Pterocyclos, plates 1 - 5. Lovell Reeve and Co., London." year="1863">Reeve 1863</bibRefCitation>
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:
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Benson" authorityYear="1832" class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Pterocyclos" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pterocyclos" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Pterocyclos</taxonomicName>
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pl. 5, species 30.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type material">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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The W.H. Benson collections are mainly held in UMZC, Cambridge, and most are considered the primary type specimens. However,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Benson’s">Benson's</normalizedToken>
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type specimens were not very explicit, and difficult to specify due to mislaid labels and subsequent substitution of the original labels (see
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3366/anh.1997.24.1.37" author="Naggs, F" journalOrPublisher="Archives of Natural History" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="37 - 88" refId="B110" refString="Naggs, F, 1997. William Benson and the early study of land snails in British India and Ceylon. Archives of Natural History 24 (1): 37 - 88, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3366/anh.1997.24.1.37" title="William Benson and the early study of land snails in British India and Ceylon." url="https://doi.org/10.3366/anh.1997.24.1.37" volume="24" year="1997">Naggs 1997</bibRefCitation>
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||
and
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||
<bibRefCitation author="Preece, RC" journalOrPublisher="Journal and Proceedings of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, new series" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B142" refString="Preece, RC, White, TS, Raheem, DC, Ketchum, H, Ablett, J, Taylor, H, Webb, K, Naggs, F, 2022. William Benson and the origins of the golden age of malacology in British India: Biography, illustrated catalogue and evaluation of his molluscan types. Tropical Natural History (Supplement 6): 1-434." title="William Benson and the origins of the golden age of malacology in British India: Biography, illustrated catalogue and evaluation of his molluscan types. Tropical Natural History (Supplement 6): 1 - 434." year="2022">Preece et al. 2022</bibRefCitation>
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for more detail). However, in the original description of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="R. haughtoni" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="haughtoni">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">R. haughtoni</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, Benson stated that he had received several specimens, and one was alive. The W.H. Benson ex. R. MacAndrews collection contains one lot of two specimens. One specimen with a mummified soft body remaining inside the shell corresponds with
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Benson’s">Benson's</normalizedToken>
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statement (
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/00222936008697183" author="Benson, WH" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B14" refString="Benson, WH, 1860. On Clostophis and Rhiostoma, new Burmese genera of land shells. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 3 5(26): 95-97. https://doi.org/10.1080/00222936008697183" title="On Clostophis and Rhiostoma, new Burmese genera of land shells. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 3 5 (26): 95 - 97." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/00222936008697183" year="1860">Benson 1860</bibRefCitation>
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: 96). This specimen lot was designated as the
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">lectotype</emphasis>
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UMZC I.103445.A (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Shell of Rhiostoma haughtoni A lectotype UMZC I. 103445. A from Moulmein B paralectotype UMZC I. 103445. B C specimen NHMUK 88.12.4.1985 - 1986 figured in Gude (1921, fig. 22) from Damaltha, Burma D-F specimens CUMZ 10048 from Dhammatat Cave, Mon, Myanmar." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1142.90097.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/799869" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">11A</figureCitation>
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) by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Preece, RC" journalOrPublisher="Journal and Proceedings of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, new series" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B142" refString="Preece, RC, White, TS, Raheem, DC, Ketchum, H, Ablett, J, Taylor, H, Webb, K, Naggs, F, 2022. William Benson and the origins of the golden age of malacology in British India: Biography, illustrated catalogue and evaluation of his molluscan types. Tropical Natural History (Supplement 6): 1-434." title="William Benson and the origins of the golden age of malacology in British India: Biography, illustrated catalogue and evaluation of his molluscan types. Tropical Natural History (Supplement 6): 1 - 434." year="2022">Preece et al. (2022</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 78), and another shell, UMZC I.103445.B (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Shell of Rhiostoma haughtoni A lectotype UMZC I. 103445. A from Moulmein B paralectotype UMZC I. 103445. B C specimen NHMUK 88.12.4.1985 - 1986 figured in Gude (1921, fig. 22) from Damaltha, Burma D-F specimens CUMZ 10048 from Dhammatat Cave, Mon, Myanmar." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1142.90097.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/799869" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">11 B</figureCitation>
|
||
), becomes the paralectotype.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Other material examined.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingCountry name="Myanmar">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
: Damaltha, Burma: NHMUK 88.12.4.1985-1986 (specimen with
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="“x”">"x"</normalizedToken>
|
||
was figured in
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Gude, GK" editor="Shipley, AS" journalOrPublisher="Taylor and Francis, Red Lion Court, Fleet, Street, Bombay" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 386" refId="B52" refString="Gude, GK, 1921. Land operculates (Cyclophoridae, Truncatellidae, Assiminidae, Helicinidae). In: Shipley, AS, Mashall, GAK, Eds., The Fauna of British India including Ceylon and Burma, Mollusca III. Taylor and Francis, Red Lion Court, Fleet, Street, Bombay: 1 - 386" title="Land operculates (Cyclophoridae, Truncatellidae, Assiminidae, Helicinidae)." volumeTitle="The Fauna of British India including Ceylon and Burma, Mollusca III." year="1921">Gude 1921</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, fig. 22; Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Shell of Rhiostoma haughtoni A lectotype UMZC I. 103445. A from Moulmein B paralectotype UMZC I. 103445. B C specimen NHMUK 88.12.4.1985 - 1986 figured in Gude (1921, fig. 22) from Damaltha, Burma D-F specimens CUMZ 10048 from Dhammatat Cave, Mon, Myanmar." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1142.90097.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/799869" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">11C</figureCitation>
|
||
), SMF 130508. Moulmein, Tenasserim, Burma: NHMUK 75.06.5.5 (4 shells), NHMUK 1903.7.1.1566 (2 shells), NHMUK ex. E.R. Sykes coll. Acc. 1825 (1 shell), NHMUK ex. Cuming coll. (1 shell), NHMUK ex. Oldham coll. (1 shell). Damatha, Burma: NHMUK ex. McAndrew coll. (4 shells). Dhammatat Cave, Mawlamyine District,
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Myanmar" name="Mon">Mon State</collectingRegion>
|
||
: CUMZ 10048 (Figs
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Live snails of the species group I A Rhiostoma haughtoni specimen CUMZ 10048 / 2 from Dhammathat Cave, Myanmar B-D Rhiostoma samuiense B specimen CUMZ 3989 from Samui Island, Surat Thani C specimen CUMZ 3996 from Perlis, Malaysia (topotype of Rhiostoma chupingense) D specimen CUMZ 4713 of " proboscis " morphotype from Surat Thani E, F copulation pair of Rhiostoma samuiense specimen CUMZ 4713 from Surat Thani shows unsuccessfully transferred spermatophore (female on the right in E and on the left in F), and the red arrows indicate a spermatophore illustrated in Fig. 7 D. All figures are not to scale." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1142.90097.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/799867" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">9A</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Shell of Rhiostoma haughtoni A lectotype UMZC I. 103445. A from Moulmein B paralectotype UMZC I. 103445. B C specimen NHMUK 88.12.4.1985 - 1986 figured in Gude (1921, fig. 22) from Damaltha, Burma D-F specimens CUMZ 10048 from Dhammatat Cave, Mon, Myanmar." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1142.90097.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/799869" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">11D-F</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 16. Radula morphology A Rhiostoma haughtoni specimen CUMZ 10048 / 2 from Dhammatat Cave, Mon, Myanmar B, C Rhiostoma samuiense B specimen CUMZ 3989 from Samui Island, Surat Thani and C specimen CUMZ 3996 from Bukit Chuping, Perlis, Malaysia D Rhiostoma rhothonotaphrosa sp. nov. paratype CUMZ 4710 from Klong Had, Srakeo." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1142.90097.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/799874" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">16A</figureCitation>
|
||
), CUMZ 10049.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1142.90097.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/799867" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 9" startId="F9">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 9.</emphasis>
|
||
Live snails of the species group I
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Benson" authorityYear="1860" class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Rhiostoma" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhiostoma haughtoni" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="haughtoni">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Rhiostoma haughtoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
specimen CUMZ 10048/2 from Dhammathat Cave,
|
||
<collectingCountry name="Myanmar">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B-D</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Tomlin" authorityYear="1932" class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Rhiostoma" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhiostoma samuiense" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="samuiense">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Rhiostoma samuiense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||
specimen CUMZ 3989 from Samui Island, Surat Thani
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||
specimen CUMZ 3996 from
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Malaysia" name="Perlis">Perlis</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry name="Malaysia">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
|
||
(topotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Tomlin" authorityYear="1938" class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Rhiostoma" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhiostoma chupingense" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="chupingense">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Rhiostoma chupingense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
|
||
specimen CUMZ 4713 of
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="“proboscis”">"proboscis"</normalizedToken>
|
||
morphotype from Surat Thani
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E, F</emphasis>
|
||
copulation pair of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Tomlin" authorityYear="1932" class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Rhiostoma" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhiostoma samuiense" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="samuiense">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Rhiostoma samuiense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
specimen CUMZ 4713 from Surat Thani shows unsuccessfully transferred spermatophore (female on the right in
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
|
||
and on the left in
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
|
||
), and the red arrows indicate a spermatophore illustrated in Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. A-C Internal anatomy of Rhiostoma housei specimen CUMZ 3982 from Tham Sriwilai, Saraburi, A inside view of lung cavity shows an arrangement of the kidney, circulatory system and the terminal part of the digestive tract B male genitalia and C female genitalia D spermatophore of Rhiostoma samuiense specimen CUMZ 4713 from Kanchanadit, Surat Thani with its cross sections showing spermatophore shape in each position. Abbreviations: an, anus; bc, bursa copulatrix; fc, faeces; go, genital opening; h, heart; kd, kidney; mc, mantle collar; od, oviduct; pg, prostate gland; re, rectum; sr, seminal receptacle; ut, uterus; v, vein; vd, vas deferens." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1142.90097.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/799865" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">7D</figureCitation>
|
||
. All figures are not to scale.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Shell thick and depressed. Detached whorl short, curved and slightly descending. Breathing device notch-shaped. Shell colour uniformly brownish or with dark zigzag pattern.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="differential diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Differential diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
In addition, the shell morphology of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="R. haughtoni" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="haughtoni">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">R. haughtoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="R. housei" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="housei">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">R. housei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in having a notch-shaped breathing device, and a short detached whorl, while
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="R. housei" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="housei">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">R. housei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
bears a tubular breathing device and the detached whorl is medium in length.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Shell</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Shell small to medium, cW 16.9-20.4 mm, cH 8.7-10.9 mm, thickened, and sub-discoidal to discoidal shape; detached-whorl length 3.0-8.0 mm. Apex acute; spire slightly elevated. Whorls 5 to 6, convex, increasing regularly; suture wide and deep; last whorl rounded. Shell surface with fine growth lines. Periostracum thick or thin, corneous, and transparent. Shell colour uniformly brownish, sometimes with dark brown zigzag pattern; ventral shell surface paler in colour; with or without a dark brown spiral band on periphery. Detached whorl shorter than apertural width, curved and descending. Peristome circular and double; lip thickened, slightly expanded and multi-layered. Aperture opened sub-laterally. Breathing device notch-shaped; outer lip protruding, with narrow groove; inner lip with shallow to deep incision. Umbilicus widely open and deep. Operculum calcareous, tall cup-shaped, and multispiral (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Shell of Rhiostoma haughtoni A lectotype UMZC I. 103445. A from Moulmein B paralectotype UMZC I. 103445. B C specimen NHMUK 88.12.4.1985 - 1986 figured in Gude (1921, fig. 22) from Damaltha, Burma D-F specimens CUMZ 10048 from Dhammatat Cave, Mon, Myanmar." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1142.90097.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/799869" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">11</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Radula</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Taenioglossate radula arranged in inverted V-shaped rows. Central tooth with well-developed central cusp and two lateral cusps on each side; central cusp large with pointed tip; lateral cusps triangular and tapering in size. Lateral teeth consisting of four cusps; central cusp large, elongate, and flanked by pointed tip of two small inner cusps and one small outer cusp. Inner and outer marginal teeth each composed of three cusps; central cusp large and with dull tip, and flanked by pointed tip of one inner cusp and one outer cusp (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 16. Radula morphology A Rhiostoma haughtoni specimen CUMZ 10048 / 2 from Dhammatat Cave, Mon, Myanmar B, C Rhiostoma samuiense B specimen CUMZ 3989 from Samui Island, Surat Thani and C specimen CUMZ 3996 from Bukit Chuping, Perlis, Malaysia D Rhiostoma rhothonotaphrosa sp. nov. paratype CUMZ 4710 from Klong Had, Srakeo." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1142.90097.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/799874" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">16A</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
This species is currently known only from the type locality in Mon State, southern Myanmar (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Distribution map of Rhiostoma haughtoni - species group." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1142.90097.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/799868" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">10</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1142.90097.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/799868" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 10" startId="F10">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 10.</emphasis>
|
||
Distribution map of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Benson" authorityYear="1860" class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Rhiostoma" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhiostoma haughtoni" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="haughtoni">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Rhiostoma haughtoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-species group.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Benson" authorityYear="1860" class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Rhiostoma" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhiostoma haughtoni" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="haughtoni">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Rhiostoma haughtoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is often regarded as a junior synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="R. housei" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="housei">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">R. housei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from central Thailand (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Habe, T" journalOrPublisher="Nature and Life in Southeast Asia, Kyoto" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="111 - 128" refId="B53" refString="Habe, T, 1965. Operculated land molluscs from Southeast Asia. Nature and Life in Southeast Asia, Kyoto 4: 111 - 128" title="Operculated land molluscs from Southeast Asia." volume="4" year="1965">Habe 1965</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Abbott, RT" journalOrPublisher=", Melbourne, Florida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B1" refString="Abbott, RT, 1989. Compendium of Landshells. American Malacologists Inc., Melbourne, Florida" title="Compendium of Landshells. American Malacologists Inc." year="1989">Abbott 1989</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). However,
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="R. housei" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="housei">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">R. housei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
exhibits significant intra-specific variation in shell morphology across its range. Furthermore, recent allozyme studies have suggested that
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="R. housei" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="housei">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">R. housei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is likely to represent a complex of cryptic species (
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bse.2011.08.005" author="Prasankok, P" journalOrPublisher="Biochemical Systematics and Ecology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="834 - 840" refId="B140" refString="Prasankok, P, Tongkerd, P, Sutcharit, C, Panha, S, 2011. Genetic divergence in the snorkel snail, Rhiostoma housei, a species complex in Thailand (Caenogastropoda: Cyclophoridae). Biochemical Systematics and Ecology 39 (4-6): 834 - 840, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bse.2011.08.005" title="Genetic divergence in the snorkel snail, Rhiostoma housei, a species complex in Thailand (Caenogastropoda: Cyclophoridae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bse.2011.08.005" volume="39" year="2011">Prasankok et al. 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). In this study, the topotypic specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="R. haughtoni" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="haughtoni">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">R. haughtoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
clearly show a significant genetic distance from
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="R. housei" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="housei">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">R. housei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, proving it to be clearly distinct from
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="R. housei" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="housei">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">R. housei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
The shell of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="R. haughtoni" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="haughtoni">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">R. haughtoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can vary from monochrome brownish or whitish without a peripheral band (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Shell of Rhiostoma haughtoni A lectotype UMZC I. 103445. A from Moulmein B paralectotype UMZC I. 103445. B C specimen NHMUK 88.12.4.1985 - 1986 figured in Gude (1921, fig. 22) from Damaltha, Burma D-F specimens CUMZ 10048 from Dhammatat Cave, Mon, Myanmar." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1142.90097.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/799869" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">11D</figureCitation>
|
||
) to brownish zigzag patterns or blotches and thin peripheral band (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Shell of Rhiostoma haughtoni A lectotype UMZC I. 103445. A from Moulmein B paralectotype UMZC I. 103445. B C specimen NHMUK 88.12.4.1985 - 1986 figured in Gude (1921, fig. 22) from Damaltha, Burma D-F specimens CUMZ 10048 from Dhammatat Cave, Mon, Myanmar." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1142.90097.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/799869" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">11E, F</figureCitation>
|
||
). The length of the detached whorl and shape of breathing device are relatively conserved, at least in the topotype population.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1142.90097.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/799869" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 11" startId="F11">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 11.</emphasis>
|
||
Shell of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Benson" authorityYear="1860" class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Rhiostoma" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhiostoma haughtoni" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="haughtoni">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Rhiostoma haughtoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||
lectotype UMZC I.103445.A from Moulmein
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||
paralectotype UMZC I.103445.B
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||
specimen NHMUK 88.12.4.1985-1986 figured in
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Gude, GK" editor="Shipley, AS" journalOrPublisher="Taylor and Francis, Red Lion Court, Fleet, Street, Bombay" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 386" refId="B52" refString="Gude, GK, 1921. Land operculates (Cyclophoridae, Truncatellidae, Assiminidae, Helicinidae). In: Shipley, AS, Mashall, GAK, Eds., The Fauna of British India including Ceylon and Burma, Mollusca III. Taylor and Francis, Red Lion Court, Fleet, Street, Bombay: 1 - 386" title="Land operculates (Cyclophoridae, Truncatellidae, Assiminidae, Helicinidae)." volumeTitle="The Fauna of British India including Ceylon and Burma, Mollusca III." year="1921">Gude (1921</bibRefCitation>
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, fig. 22) from Damaltha, Burma
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D-F</emphasis>
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specimens CUMZ 10048 from Dhammatat Cave, Mon, Myanmar.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |