170 lines
15 KiB
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170 lines
15 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6454695" ID-ISSN="2073-2333" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6454695" approvalRequired="20" approvalRequired_for_textStreams="19" approvalRequired_for_treatments="1" checkinTime="1649784809647" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Marusik, Yu. M. & Larsen, N." docDate="2018" docId="0B471279FFBBFFC0FF49FA7EB5AFFC4C" docLanguage="en" docName="VestnikZoologii.52.3.205-216.pdf" docOrigin="Vestnik Zoologii (Vestn. Zool.) 52 (3)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/vzoo-2018-0021" docStyle="DocumentStyle:9FE6554C034D0A4D8EA9CEAE255F4368.2:VestnikZoologii.2014-2019.journal_article" docStyleId="9FE6554C034D0A4D8EA9CEAE255F4368" docStyleName="VestnikZoologii.2014-2019.journal_article" docStyleVersion="2" docTitle="Metellina Chamberlin & Ivie 1941" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="208" masterDocId="F77E6A01FFB9FFC4FFEFFF96B41FFF8C" masterDocTitle="A Synopsis Of African Metellina (Aranei, Tetragnathidae, Metainae) With Description Of A New Species From South Africa" masterLastPageNumber="216" masterPageNumber="205" pageId="2" pageNumber="207" updateTime="1649785336253" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>A Synopsis Of African Metellina (Aranei, Tetragnathidae, Metainae) With Description Of A New Species From South Africa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Marusik, Yu. M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Larsen, N.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Vestnik Zoologii</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2018</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="series">
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<mods:title>Vestn. Zool.</mods:title>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2018-06-01</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>52</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="issue">
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<mods:number>3</mods:number>
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<mods:start>205</mods:start>
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<mods:end>216</mods:end>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/vzoo-2018-0021</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.2478/vzoo-2018-0021</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISSN">2073-2333</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">6454685</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">65B0A77E-FA5E-487D-96DB-C266EE3071C0</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6454695" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6454695" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0B471279FFBBFFC0FF49FA7EB5AFFC4C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0B471279FFBBFFC0FF49FA7EB5AFFC4C" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="208" pageId="2" pageNumber="207">
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<subSubSection box="[166,578,1512,1540]" pageId="2" pageNumber="207" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="2.[166,578,1512,1540]" box="[166,578,1512,1540]" pageId="2" pageNumber="207">
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<heading box="[166,578,1512,1540]" fontSize="36" level="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="207" reason="3">
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<taxonomicName authority="Chamberlin & Ivie, 1941" authorityName="Chamberlin & Ivie" authorityYear="1941" box="[166,578,1512,1540]" class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Metellina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="207" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[166,282,1512,1539]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="207">Metellina</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation author="Chamberlin, R. V. & Ivie, W." box="[289,578,1513,1540]" pageId="2" pageNumber="207" pagination="1 - 49" refId="ref4510" refString="Chamberlin, R. V., Ivie, W. 1941. Spiders collected by L. W. Saylor and others, mostly in California. Bulletin of the University of Utah, 31 (8), 1 - 49." type="journal article" year="1941">Chamberlin & Ivie, 1941</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[166,1059,1559,1581]" pageId="2" pageNumber="207" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph blockId="2.[166,1059,1559,1581]" box="[166,1059,1559,1581]" pageId="2" pageNumber="207">
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<treatmentCitationGroup box="[166,1059,1559,1581]" pageId="2" pageNumber="207">
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<treatmentCitation author="Chamberlin, R. V. & Ivie, W." box="[166,535,1559,1581]" page="14" pageId="2" pageNumber="207" year="1941">
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<taxonomicName authority="Chamberlin & Ivie, 1941: 14" authorityName="Chamberlin & Ivie" authorityPageNumber="14" authorityYear="1941" box="[166,535,1559,1581]" class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Metellina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="207" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[166,257,1559,1580]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="207">Metellina</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation author="Chamberlin, R. V. & Ivie, W." box="[262,535,1559,1581]" pageId="2" pageNumber="207" pagination="1 - 49" refId="ref4510" refString="Chamberlin, R. V., Ivie, W. 1941. Spiders collected by L. W. Saylor and others, mostly in California. Bulletin of the University of Utah, 31 (8), 1 - 49." type="journal article" year="1941">Chamberlin & Ivie, 1941: 14</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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;
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<treatmentCitation author="Levi, H. W." box="[544,678,1559,1581]" page="32" pageId="2" pageNumber="207" year="1980">
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<bibRefCitation author="Levi, H. W." box="[544,678,1559,1581]" pageId="2" pageNumber="207" pagination="1 - 74" refId="ref4891" refString="Levi, H. W. 1980. The orb-weaver genus Mecynogea, the subfamily Metinae and the genera Pachygnatha, Glenognatha and Azilia of the subfamily Tetragnathinae north of Mexico (Araneae: Araneidae). Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, 149, 1 - 74." type="journal article" year="1980">Levi, 1980: 32</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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;
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<treatmentCitation author="Alvarez-Padilla, F. & Hormiga, G." box="[687,1055,1559,1581]" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/7D5E87ADC02B5542FC844CF8D128F9F7" page="779" pageId="2" pageNumber="207" year="2011">
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<bibRefCitation author="Alvarez-Padilla, F. & Hormiga, G." box="[687,1055,1559,1581]" pageId="2" pageNumber="207" pagination="713 - 879" refId="ref4283" refString="Alvarez-Padilla, F., Hormiga, G. 2011. Morphological and phylogenetic atlas of the orb-weaving spider family Tetragnathidae (Araneae: Araneoidea). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 162, 713 - 879." type="journal article" year="2011">Álvarez-Padilla & Hormiga, 2011: 779</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="209" pageId="2" pageNumber="207" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph blockId="2.[166,957,1603,1630]" box="[166,957,1603,1630]" pageId="2" pageNumber="207">
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<materialsCitation box="[166,953,1603,1630]" location="California" pageId="2" pageNumber="207" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="California" typeStatus="holotype">
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<typeStatus box="[166,225,1603,1630]" pageId="2" pageNumber="207">Type</typeStatus>
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species:
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<taxonomicName authority="McCook, 1894" authorityName="McCook" authorityYear="1894" box="[328,738,1603,1630]" class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Pachygnatha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="207" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curtisi">Pachygnatha curtisi McCook, 1894</taxonomicName>
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(from
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<collectingRegion box="[821,945,1603,1630]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="2" pageNumber="207">California</collectingRegion>
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)
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="2.[166,1225,1667,1854]" pageId="2" pageNumber="207">
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Comments. Seven species were considered to belong in this genus (
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<bibRefCitation author="WSC" box="[1031,1170,1667,1694]" pageId="2" pageNumber="207" refId="ref5187" refString="WSC, 2017. World Spider Catalog. Natural History Museum Bern. (http: // wsc. nmbe. ch, version 18.0; accessed: 28.02.2017)." type="url" year="2017">WSC, 2017</bibRefCitation>
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). All of them are known from the Holarctic: Western and Central
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<collectingCountry box="[894,950,1699,1726]" name="United States of America" pageId="2" pageNumber="207">USA</collectingCountry>
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and Europe to Central Asia. None were reported from Africa or adjacent islands. Before the revision by
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<bibRefCitation author="Levi, H. W." pageId="2" pageNumber="207" pagination="1 - 74" refId="ref4891" refString="Levi, H. W. 1980. The orb-weaver genus Mecynogea, the subfamily Metinae and the genera Pachygnatha, Glenognatha and Azilia of the subfamily Tetragnathinae north of Mexico (Araneae: Araneidae). Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, 149, 1 - 74." type="journal article" year="1980">Levi (1980)</bibRefCitation>
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, all species of the genus were considered in
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="WSC" baseAuthorityYear="2017" box="[757,818,1764,1789]" class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Meta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="207" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[757,818,1764,1789]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="207">Meta</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="2.[166,1225,1667,1854]" lastBlockId="3.[174,1232,175,426]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="208" pageId="2" pageNumber="207">
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Diagnosis.
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Chamberlin & Ivie" authorityYear="1941" box="[378,489,1795,1821]" class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Metellina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="207" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[378,489,1795,1821]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="207">Metellina</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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can be distinguished from
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="WSC" baseAuthorityYear="2017" box="[833,894,1796,1821]" class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Meta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="207" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[833,894,1796,1821]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="207">Meta</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by an oval abdomen vs. a subglobular abdomen, the ventral position of conductor hiding the embolus vs. the prolateral conductor not hiding the embolus and a lack of a ventral projection of epigyne covered by hairs vs. presence. The copulatory organs suggest that
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Chamberlin & Ivie" authorityYear="1941" box="[800,911,207,233]" class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Metellina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="208" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[800,911,207,233]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="208">Metellina</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is most similar to
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<taxonomicName authority="Chikuni, 1955" authorityName="Chikuni" authorityYear="1955" class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Menosira" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="208" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[1122,1232,208,233]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="208">Menosira</emphasis>
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Chikuni, 1955
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</taxonomicName>
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, a monotypic genus known from Far
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<collectingCountry box="[797,910,239,266]" name="China" pageId="3" pageNumber="208">East Asia</collectingCountry>
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. The two genera well differ by the abdominal pattern:
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Chikuni" authorityYear="1955" box="[494,604,272,297]" class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Menosira" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="208" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[494,604,272,297]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="208">Menosira</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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has 2 longitudinal white spots on the abdomen that are lacking in
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Chamberlin & Ivie" authorityYear="1941" box="[338,449,303,329]" class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Metellina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="208" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[338,449,303,329]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="208">Metellina</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. In addition,
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Chikuni" authorityYear="1955" box="[607,717,304,329]" class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Menosira" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="208" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[607,717,304,329]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="208">Menosira</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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has a thick embolus vs. a gradually tapering embolus in
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Chamberlin & Ivie" authorityYear="1941" box="[311,422,335,361]" class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Metellina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="208" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[311,422,335,361]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="208">Metellina</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, and the epigyne lacks the membranous part present in all
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Chamberlin & Ivie" authorityYear="1941" box="[1113,1224,335,361]" class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Metellina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="208" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[1113,1224,335,361]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="208">Metellina</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="3.[174,1232,175,426]" lastBlockId="4.[166,1225,836,960]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="209" pageId="3" pageNumber="208">
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Remarks. When trying to identify our specimens, we checked all
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<taxonomicName box="[996,1145,367,394]" pageId="3" pageNumber="208">
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<emphasis box="[996,1057,368,393]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="208">Meta</emphasis>
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species
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</taxonomicName>
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known from Africa and adjacent islands and recognized that none are congeneric with
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<taxonomicName authority="(Latreille, 1804)" baseAuthorityName="Latreille" baseAuthorityYear="1804" class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Meta" kingdom="Animalia" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="209" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="208" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="menardi">
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<emphasis italics="true" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="209" pageId="3" pageNumber="208">Meta menardi</emphasis>
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(Latreille, 1804)
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</taxonomicName>
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, the
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<typeStatus box="[511,561,837,864]" pageId="4" pageNumber="209">type</typeStatus>
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species of the genus. Below, we list these species. Eight of nine species found in the region are known by a single taxonomic entry, and six are known from the
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<typeStatus box="[280,330,901,928]" pageId="4" pageNumber="209">type</typeStatus>
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locality only. A survey of these species (in alphabetic order of the specific names) is given below.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |