319 lines
38 KiB
XML
319 lines
38 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="1DD5E63E5AE3E3501D8E8A77D10432E1">Impact of increasing morphological information by micro-CT scanning on the phylogenetic placement of Darwin wasps (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae) in amber</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="E5C1EDAD3214C5E857BADEF1497BAFCF">Viertler, Alexandra</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="2A21DA8E2A835182D6D6E6CC8D615FCF">Natural History Museum Basel, Augustinergasse 2, 4051 Basel, Switzerland & Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, Baltzerstrasse 6, 3012 Bern, Switzerland</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="E1EC4233A4BBB5E114DC71FFFE2F2B7D">Urfer, Karin</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="2760777FC5E6B6D11A6ECE4C1C3BDD04">Natural History Museum St. Gallen, Rorschacher Strasse 263, 9016 St. Gallen, Switzerland</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="2F6867F025D50D11FF67EC510105A7DE">Schulz, Georg</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="95C1DF6FF40D387359B3DE7F3D7FC9EA">Core Facility Micro- and Nanotomography, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Hegenheimermattweg 167 B / C, & Biomaterials Science Center, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Hegenheimermattweg 167 B / C, 4123 Allschwil, Switzerland</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="52DC2313FD50A717B9606E45933FD540">Klopfstein, Seraina</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="7D9D620A4AB117720B5DE325A4C5DA07">Natural History Museum Basel, Augustinergasse 2, 4051 Basel, Switzerland & Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, Baltzerstrasse 6, 3012 Bern, Switzerland</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="4BC65A345C73C05021FF6D89DE559171">Spasojevic, Tamara</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="9E1AC138B79152C180E3D20C542B0227">Natural History Museum Basel, Augustinergasse 2, 4051 Basel, Switzerland & Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, Baltzerstrasse 6, 3012 Bern, Switzerland</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="3D393AA5E341375DE75C78727A2ED314">Swiss Journal of Palaeontology</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="7F86DB0F6D9DB4F63A51BB6D87C8F948">2023</mods:date>
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<treatment id="03E28783FFFBFFCAFCF5315A4364FA7A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12773766" ID-GBIF-Taxon="235609665" ID-Zenodo-Dep="12773766" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:8EA74EE3-B59E-474D-8F6A-E6A3A01FAA8A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E28783FFFBFFCAFCF5315A4364FA7A" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<materialsCitation id="3B233CC8FFFBFFCBFCF5315A40E6FEBA" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4906812302" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="13" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<heading id="D0BC81F9FFFBFFCCFCF5315A4132FE9C" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" reason="7">
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<subSubSection id="C351651EFFFBFFCCFCF5315A47D6FEBD" box="[813,1437,300,325]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BF43695FFFBFFCCFCF5315A47D6FEBD" blockId="11.[813,1437,300,357]" box="[813,1437,300,325]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D16FFFBFFCCFCF5315A470AFEBC" authority="Viertler, Klopfstein & Spasojevic" authorityName="Viertler, Klopfstein & Spasojevic" authorityYear="2023" box="[813,1345,300,325]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Triclistus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="levii" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B93FEA87FFFBFFCCFCF5315A419FFEBD" bold="true" box="[813,980,300,324]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Triclistus levii</emphasis>
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Viertler, Klopfstein & Spasojevic
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20C57FCFFFBFFCCFA91315B47D6FEBD" box="[1353,1437,301,324]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C351651EFFFBFFCCFCF5313B41ADFE3C" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BF43695FFFBFFCCFCF5313B4132FE9C" blockId="11.[813,1437,300,357]" box="[813,889,333,357]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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(
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||
<figureCitation id="13702A10FFFBFFCCFCEC313B413BFE9C" box="[820,880,333,357]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="11.[167,198,1848,1868]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,590,1835]" captionTargetId="figure-82@11.[189,1399,590,1835]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Fig. 6 Holotype of Triclistus levii sp.nov. A Partial fore wing. B Metasoma, posterior end with the parameres. C Habitus of specimen, lateral view. D Head and mesoscutum, dorsal view. E Head. F Interpretative drawing with an additional drawing of the propodeum and T1, in dorsal view, where photos and micro-CT scan were used as templates. Scale bars A: 1 mm, B: 0.5 mm C: 1 mm F: bottom 1 mm, top right 0.5 mm" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12003002" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12003002/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
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)
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BF43695FFFBFFCCFCF531FA41ADFE3C" blockId="11.[813,1436,396,453]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<uri id="FFDA3A97FFFBFFCCFCF531FA41ADFE3C" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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||
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
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||
<uuid id="FFED0C40FFFBFFCCFBE431FA41ADFE3C" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">8EA74EE3-B59E-474D-8F6A-E6A3A01FAA8A</uuid>
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</uri>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
</heading>
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||
<subSubSection id="C351651EFFFBFFCCFCF5319B4673FDDC" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="etymology">
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||
<paragraph id="8BF43695FFFBFFCCFCF5319B4673FDDC" blockId="11.[813,1437,493,549]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<emphasis id="B93FEA87FFFBFFCCFCF5319B41E2FDFC" bold="true" box="[813,937,493,517]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Etymology</emphasis>
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: This species is named in honour of A. Viertler’s loyal fur child Levi.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<caption id="DF34661DFFFBFFCCFF7F374E474FF87B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12003002" ID-Zenodo-Dep="12003002" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12003002/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" startId="11.[167,198,1848,1868]" targetBox="[189,1398,590,1835]" targetPageId="11" targetType="figure">
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<paragraph id="8BF43695FFFBFFCCFF7F374E474FF87B" blockId="11.[167,1382,1848,1922]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<emphasis id="B93FEA87FFFBFFCCFF7F374E4291F8B5" bold="true" box="[167,218,1848,1868]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 6</emphasis>
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Holotype of
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<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D16FFFBFFCCFE96374E43FEF8B5" authority="Viertler & Urfer & Schulz & Klopfstein & Spasojevic, 2023" authorityName="Viertler & Urfer & Schulz & Klopfstein & Spasojevic" authorityYear="2023" box="[334,437,1848,1868]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Triclistus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="levii" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B93FEA87FFFBFFCCFE96374E43FEF8B5" box="[334,437,1848,1868]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Triclistus levii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20C57FCFFFBFFCCFE62374E43B1F8B5" box="[442,506,1848,1868]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" rank="species">sp.nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<emphasis id="B93FEA87FFFBFFCCFE25374E4040F8B5" bold="true" box="[509,523,1848,1868]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">A</emphasis>
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Partial fore wing.
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<emphasis id="B93FEA87FFFBFFCCFD79374E40E6F8B5" bold="true" box="[673,685,1848,1868]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">B</emphasis>
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Metasoma, posterior end with the parameres.
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<emphasis id="B93FEA87FFFBFFCCFBE1374E460DF8B5" bold="true" box="[1081,1094,1848,1868]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">C</emphasis>
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Habitus of specimen, lateral view.
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<emphasis id="B93FEA87FFFBFFCCFF7F372542FDF89E" bold="true" box="[167,182,1875,1895]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">D</emphasis>
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Head and mesoscutum, dorsal view.
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<emphasis id="B93FEA87FFFBFFCCFE29372543B7F89E" bold="true" box="[497,508,1875,1895]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">E</emphasis>
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Head.
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<emphasis id="B93FEA87FFFBFFCCFDEE3725400AF89E" bold="true" box="[566,577,1875,1895]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">F</emphasis>
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Interpretative drawing with an additional drawing of the propodeum and T1, in dorsal view, where photos and micro-CT scan were used as templates. Scale bars A: 1 mm, B: 0.5 mm C: 1 mm F: bottom 1 mm, top right 0.5 mm
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</paragraph>
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||
</caption>
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||
<subSubSection id="C351651EFFFCFFCBFF4F309D4143FDFA" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="materials_examined">
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||
<paragraph id="8BF43695FFFCFFCBFF4F309D40E6FEBA" blockId="12.[151,775,235,323]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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||
<emphasis id="B93FEA87FFFCFFCBFF4F309D430EFEFA" bold="true" box="[151,325,235,259]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Type specimen</emphasis>
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||
:
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<materialsCitation id="3B233CC8FFFCFFCBFE8B309D40E6FEBA" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4906812301" country="Germany" county="Naturkunde in Stuttgart." location="Dominican" municipality="Staatliches Museum" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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||
<typeStatus id="54F08837FFFCFFCBFE8B309D43F0FEFA" box="[339,443,235,259]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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||
: male (DO-3441-M).
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||
<location id="8E94604EFFFCFFCBFD72309D42F6FEDA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E28783FFFBFFCAFCF5315A4364FA7A:8E94604EFFFCFFCBFD72309D42F6FEDA" country="Germany" county="Naturkunde in Stuttgart." municipality="Staatliches Museum" name="Dominican" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Dominican</location>
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amber.
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||
<location id="8E94604EFFFCFFCBFEC3317D4335FEDA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E28783FFFBFFCAFCF5315A4364FA7A:8E94604EFFFCFFCBFEC3317D4335FEDA" box="[283,382,267,291]" country="Germany" county="Naturkunde in Stuttgart." municipality="Staatliches Museum" name="Location" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Location</location>
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||
: unknown.
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||
<location id="8E94604EFFFCFFCBFDDB317D4038FEDA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E28783FFFBFFCAFCF5315A4364FA7A:8E94604EFFFCFFCBFDDB317D4038FEDA" box="[515,627,267,291]" country="Germany" county="Naturkunde in Stuttgart." municipality="Staatliches Museum" name="Deposited" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Deposited</location>
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||
in
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<collectingCountry id="F35C7605FFFCFFCBFD44317D4148FEDA" box="[668,771,267,291]" name="Germany" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Germany</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
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||
<collectingMunicipality id="6B90ACEFFFFCFFCBFF4F315D4338FEBA" box="[151,371,299,323]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Staatliches Museum</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
für
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<collectingCounty id="62954E19FFFCFFCBFE47315D40E6FEBA" box="[415,685,299,323]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Naturkunde in Stuttgart.</collectingCounty>
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||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BF43695FFFCFFCBFF4F311D4143FDFA" blockId="12.[151,777,363,515]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEA87FFFCFFCBFF4F311D430EFE7A" bold="true" box="[151,325,363,387]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F08837FFFCFFCBFF4F311D4285FE7A" box="[151,206,363,387]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Type</typeStatus>
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condition
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</emphasis>
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||
: The amber piece is partially darkened, obscuring parts of the fossil, with a drilled hole, made most likely for transforming the amber piece to jewellery. The surface of this amber piece partially cracked due to an accident and was cast in resin to stabilize it for future studies.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
</materialsCitation>
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||
<subSubSection id="C351651EFFFCFFCBFF4F325D43DDFB3A" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF43695FFFCFFCBFF4F325D40C2FCFA" blockId="12.[151,776,555,1219]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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||
<emphasis id="B93FEA87FFFCFFCBFF4F325D43DCFDBA" bold="true" box="[151,407,555,579]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Systematic placement</emphasis>
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||
: The following characters confidently place this fossil in
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D16FFFCFFCBFE7F323D406CFD9A" authorityName="Forster" authorityYear="1869" box="[423,551,587,611]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Metopiinae">Metopiinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
: A convex face without clypeal sulcus, a triangular process on the upper face between the antennal segments, stout and short legs, and shortened tarsal segments. With the interantennal high ridge that reaches to the frons, this fossil resembles
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D16FFFCFFCBFD0032BD42B4FCFA" authorityName="Holmgren" authorityYear="1856" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Colpotrochia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEA87FFFCFFCBFD0032BD42B4FCFA" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Colpotrochia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D16FFFCFFCBFED3329D431BFCFA" authorityName="Townes & Townes" authorityYear="1959" box="[267,336,747,771]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Cubus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEA87FFFCFFCBFED3329D431BFCFA" box="[267,336,747,771]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Cubus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D16FFFCFFCBFE53329D40CEFCFA" authority="Forster, 1869" authorityName="Forster" authorityYear="1869" box="[395,645,747,771]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Triclistus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEA87FFFCFFCBFE53329D43BBFCFA" box="[395,496,747,771]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Triclistus</emphasis>
|
||
Förster, 1869
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF43695FFFCFFCBFF75337A43DDFB3A" blockId="12.[151,776,555,1219]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
Important characters that support the affinity of the fossil to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D16FFFCFFCBFF24335D4317FCBA" authorityName="Forster" authorityYear="1869" box="[252,348,811,835]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Triclistus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEA87FFFCFFCBFF24335D4317FCBA" box="[252,348,811,835]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Triclistus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were visible before the scanning and include mandible dimensions (Character #1), number of flagellomeres (Character #40), presence of both lateromedian and lateral longitudinal carinae, and posterior transverse carina on the propodeum (Characters #76 & #79), one stout and one long spur on the hind tibia (Character #111), closed areolet with one bulla (Character #128), distally arched 4Rs (Character #137), several wing ratios (e.g. length ratio of Character #144: 2Cu and 1 M +1Rs and Character #145: 1 M +1Rs and r-rs), and moderately broad dimension of laterotergite 3 (Character #194). This placement is congruent with the results of the phylogenetic placement.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C351651EFFFCFFCBFF4F349D4300F8BA" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF43695FFFCFFCBFF4F349D42BEFA5A" blockId="12.[151,775,1259,1859]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEA87FFFCFFCBFF4F349D4341FAFA" bold="true" box="[151,266,1259,1283]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Diagnosis</emphasis>
|
||
: There are two other fossil
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D16FFFCFFCBFD92349D414CFAFA" box="[586,775,1259,1283]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEA87FFFCFFCBFD92349D40E4FAFA" box="[586,687,1259,1283]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Triclistus</emphasis>
|
||
species
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
described, both from sediments,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D16FFFCFFCBFDF4357D430EFABA" authority="(Khalaim, 2008)" baseAuthorityName="Khalaim" baseAuthorityYear="2008" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Triclistus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ventrator">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEA87FFFCFFCBFDF4357D414CFADA" box="[556,775,1291,1315]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Triclistus ventrator</emphasis>
|
||
(Khalaim, 2008)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the Biamo assemblage (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35C7605FFFCFFCBFD53355D409FFABA" box="[651,724,1323,1347]" name="Russia" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Russia</collectingCountry>
|
||
, late Eocene, or Early Oligocene), and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D16FFFCFFCBFDD7353D430CFA7A" authority="(Viertler et al. 2022 a)" baseAuthorityName="Viertler" baseAuthorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Triclistus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bibori">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEA87FFFCFFCBFDD7353D40F5FA9A" box="[527,702,1355,1379]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Triclistus bibori</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDA4B64FFFCFFCBFD16353D4375FA7A" author="Viertler, A. & Baur, H. & Spasojevic, T. & Mennecart, B. & Klopfstein, S." pageId="12" pageNumber="13" refId="ref19848" refString="Viertler, A., Baur, H., Spasojevic, T., Mennecart, B., & Klopfstein, S. (2022 a). Classifying fossil Darwin wasps (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) with geometric morphometrics of fore wings. PLoS ONE, 17 (11), e 0275570. https: // doi. org / 10.1371 / journal. pone. 0275570" type="journal volume" year="2022">Viertler et al. 2022a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the Fur formation (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35C7605FFFCFFCBFD82351D408EFA7A" box="[602,709,1387,1411]" name="Denmark" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Denmark</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Early Eocene).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF43695FFFCFFCBFF7535DD4300F8BA" blockId="12.[151,775,1259,1859]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
What stands out in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D16FFFCFFCBFE5E35DD406BFA3A" authority="Viertler & Urfer & Schulz & Klopfstein & Spasojevic, 2023" authorityName="Viertler & Urfer & Schulz & Klopfstein & Spasojevic" authorityYear="2023" box="[390,544,1451,1475]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Triclistus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="levii" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEA87FFFCFFCBFE5E35DD406BFA3A" box="[390,544,1451,1475]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Triclistus levii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20C57FCFFFCFFCBFDFF35DA4031FA3A" box="[551,634,1452,1475]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
is the length of the basal antennal segments, which are rather long, especially the first segment, which is 4 × longer than posteriorly wide. This was also observed in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D16FFFCFFCBFD58367A414AF9DA" baseAuthorityName="Khalaim" baseAuthorityYear="2008" box="[640,769,1548,1571]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Triclistus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ventrator">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEA87FFFCFFCBFD58367A414AF9DA" box="[640,769,1548,1571]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">T. ventrator</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Nevertheless,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D16FFFCFFCBFEEA365A4337F9BA" authority="Viertler & Urfer & Schulz & Klopfstein & Spasojevic, 2023" authorityName="Viertler & Urfer & Schulz & Klopfstein & Spasojevic" authorityYear="2023" box="[306,380,1579,1603]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Triclistus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="levii" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEA87FFFCFFCBFEEA365A4337F9BA" box="[306,380,1579,1603]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">T. levii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20C57FCFFFCFFCBFE5C365A4393F9BA" box="[388,472,1580,1603]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D16FFFCFFCBFDB1365A40A2F9BA" baseAuthorityName="Khalaim" baseAuthorityYear="2008" box="[617,745,1580,1603]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Triclistus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ventrator">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEA87FFFCFFCBFDB1365A40A2F9BA" box="[617,745,1580,1603]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">T. ventrator</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in having a straight 2m-cu vein with only one bulla. Other characters are difficult to compare since
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D16FFFCFFCBFDB0361A40A0F97A" baseAuthorityName="Khalaim" baseAuthorityYear="2008" box="[616,747,1644,1667]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Triclistus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ventrator">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEA87FFFCFFCBFDB0361A40A0F97A" box="[616,747,1644,1667]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">T. ventrator</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is more poorly preserved.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D16FFFCFFCBFE4636FA43B1F95A" box="[414,506,1675,1699]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Triclistus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bibori">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEA87FFFCFFCBFE4636FA43B1F95A" box="[414,506,1675,1699]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">T. bibori</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is generally much larger than
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D16FFFCFFCBFF0836DA4351F93A" authority="Viertler & Urfer & Schulz & Klopfstein & Spasojevic, 2023" authorityName="Viertler & Urfer & Schulz & Klopfstein & Spasojevic" authorityYear="2023" box="[208,282,1707,1731]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Triclistus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="levii" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEA87FFFCFFCBFF0836DA4351F93A" box="[208,282,1707,1731]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">T. levii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20C57FCFFFCFFCBFEFA36DA433DF93A" box="[290,374,1708,1731]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
and has much stouter antennal segments and
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED5AAE50FFFCFFCBFECC36BD4361F91A" box="[276,298,1739,1763]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">T</collectionCode>
|
||
1. While
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D16FFFCFFCBFE5436BA439CF91A" authority="Viertler & Urfer & Schulz & Klopfstein & Spasojevic, 2023" authorityName="Viertler & Urfer & Schulz & Klopfstein & Spasojevic" authorityYear="2023" box="[396,471,1739,1763]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Triclistus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="levii" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEA87FFFCFFCBFE5436BA439CF91A" box="[396,471,1739,1763]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">T. levii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20C57FCFFFCFFCBFE0736BA4078F91A" box="[479,563,1740,1763]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
has either none or very weak and short latero-median carina on
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED5AAE50FFFCFFCBFD5A369D40DCF8FA" box="[642,663,1771,1795]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">T</collectionCode>
|
||
1,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D16FFFCFFCBFD74369A414CF8FA" box="[684,775,1771,1795]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Triclistus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bibori">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEA87FFFCFFCBFD74369A414CF8FA" box="[684,775,1771,1795]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">T. bibori</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
shows a prominent latero-median carina that exceed half the length of
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED5AAE50FFFCFFCBFEFF375D4376F8BA" box="[295,317,1835,1859]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">T</collectionCode>
|
||
1.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C351651EFFFCFFCAFCF5309D4364FA7A" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF43695FFFCFFCBFCF5309D4670FEBD" blockId="12.[813,1436,235,324]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEA87FFFCFFCBFCF5309D41F6FEFA" bold="true" box="[813,957,235,259]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Description:</emphasis>
|
||
Body
|
||
<quantity id="4CB39B70FFFCFFCBFBD3309D462DFEFA" box="[1035,1126,235,259]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.6" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="mm" value="5.6">5.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Head, antenna, mesosoma and metasoma seem dark brown or black. Legs appear bright, yellow, or orange.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF43695FFFCFFCBFCF5311B4706FC3D" blockId="12.[813,1437,365,964]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEA87FFFCFFCBFCF5311B413AFE7C" bold="true" box="[813,881,365,389]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Head.</emphasis>
|
||
Face not separated from clypeus, evenly convex to slightly inflated. Mandibles bidentate, length 1.5–2 × base width, apex width 0.4–0.5× base width, not twisted. Malar space short, 0.35 × mandible base width, without modifications. Maxillary palps with five segments, labial palps with four segments. Clypeus flat, without transverse division, apical margin appears simple. Labrum concealed. Apical tentorial pits small. Upper face with triangular process. Inner orbit appears parallel in frontal view, weakly concave opposite antennal sockets. Eyes without setae, height 0.88 × head height in lateral view. Ocelli seem normal-sized. Genae smooth. Occipital carina complete. Vertex precipitously declivous behind posterior ocelli, flat to concave. Antennae
|
||
<quantity id="4CB39B70FFFCFFCBFADF337A4714FCDD" box="[1287,1375,780,804]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="mm" value="4.5">4.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
, with 23–24 segments; scape length 1.2 × width, laterally 1.1–1.2 × pedicle length; first antennal segment length 4.3 × apical width; other antennal segment lengths about 2.8 × apical width. Frons with high lamella between antennal sockets, almost reaching median ocellus.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF43695FFFCFFCBFCF53398468AF91C" blockId="12.[813,1438,1006,1861]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEA87FFFCFFCBFCF5339841E7FBFF" bold="true" box="[813,940,1006,1030]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Mesosoma.</emphasis>
|
||
Pronotum moderately long, about same length as depth, upper posterior corner overhanging sclerite partially or completely; epomia appears absent. Mesoscutum evenly pubescent, finely punctate, carina along lateral margin seems complete; notaulus short, present only on frontal vertical part, shallow. Scutellum more or less flat, with lateral longitudinal carina absent. Mesopleuron strongly convex antero-dorsally; epicnemical carina extends to subtegular ridge; mesopleural furrow more or less straight with isolated puncture; sternaulus absent, posterior ventral corner with a lobe. Mesosternum appears transverse in front of fore coxa, posterior transverse carina absent in front of mid coxa, but with two small lobes protruding on inner side in front of mid coxa. Metapleuron about as long as wide; submetapleural carina complete, anterior section modified into broad lobe; pleural carina present as distinct carina on whole length; juxtacoxal carina absent. Propodeum rounded laterally, about as long as wide; smooth or with weak punctures; hind margin simple; lateromedian and lateral longitudinal carinae present; anterior transverse carina absent, without modifications at junction of lateral longitudinal and posterior transverse carina; posterior transverse carina complete; spiracle separated from pleural carina by less than minimum diameter.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF43695FFFCFFCAFC9A36984003FE5A" blockId="12.[813,1438,1006,1861]" lastBlockId="13.[151,775,235,419]" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fore legs ventrally unspecialized; tibia without tooth; 4th tarsomere about as wide as long. Fore and mid trochantellus appear fused with trochanters. Mid tibia with two spurs, inner spur longer than outer. Hind coxa slightly longer than deep; femur 2.4 × longer than wide, without modification; two tibial spurs, inner slender and about 3 ×as long as outer; 1st tarsomere 5.6 × longer than apically wide. Claws appear simple; orbicula seems slender, more than 3.5 × as long as wide.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF43695FFFDFFCAFF4F31BD40FFFC7A" blockId="13.[151,775,459,899]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEA87FFFDFFCAFF4F31BD42A3FE1A" bold="true" box="[151,232,459,483]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Wings.</emphasis>
|
||
Fore wing
|
||
<quantity id="4CB39B70FFFDFFCAFEBD31BD43F0FE1A" box="[357,443,459,483]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.9" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="mm" value="3.9">3.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
, stalked areolet, closed, quadratic shape, with 4M very short and 3rs-m similar length as 2 + 3M; 2m-cu straight with one bulla anteriorly, which covers 40% of 2m-cu; 4Cu and 5Cu equal in length; 4Rs distally arched; 1m-cu&2Rs + M vein evenly arched, with ramulus absent; 1cu-a strongly postfurcal to 1M + 1Rs with 1Cu 3.5 × 2Cu width, angle to vein 2Cu clearly smaller than 65–70°; pterostigma 2.7 × longer than wide; 2
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED5AAE50FFFDFFCAFF7D32BD42F2FD1A" box="[165,185,715,739]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">R</collectionCode>
|
||
1 3 × longer as wide; 5M tubular through the whole length; 2Cu 0.64 × 1M + 1Rs, 1.16 × r-rs; 3Cu longer than 2cu-a. Hind wing with M + CU curved around middle or curved along entire length; 1Cu slightly longer than cu-a; 2Rs and 2Cu veins partly spectral; vein 2M completely spectral; 1Rs about 1.6 × rs-m; eight distal hamuli.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF43695FFFDFFCAFF4F33DD4364FA7A" blockId="13.[151,775,939,1411]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEA87FFFDFFCAFF4F33DD4353FC3A" bold="true" box="[151,280,939,963]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Metasoma.</emphasis>
|
||
<quantity id="4CB39B70FFFDFFCAFEC533DD4339FC3A" box="[285,370,939,963]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="mm" value="3.2">3.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
, depressed.
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED5AAE50FFFDFFCAFE2D33DD4041FC3A" box="[501,522,939,963]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">T</collectionCode>
|
||
1 slightly tapering anteriorly in dorsal view, 1.5–1.6 × as long as posteriorly wide, shape laterally evenly but weakly rounded throughout whole length, but narrower anteriorly; spiracle in anterior half, dorso-lateral carina more or less complete, above or at spiracle; glymma present, rather shallow; laterotergite 1 absent. S1 short, about 0.3–0.4 × length of
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED5AAE50FFFDFFCAFD51341D40D4FB7A" box="[649,671,1131,1155]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">T</collectionCode>
|
||
1.
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED5AAE50FFFDFFCAFD6F341D4087FB7A" box="[695,716,1131,1155]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">T</collectionCode>
|
||
1 and
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED5AAE50FFFDFFCAFF4F34FD42E3FB5A" box="[151,168,1163,1187]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">T</collectionCode>
|
||
2 separated by normal joint.
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED5AAE50FFFDFFCAFE3134FD43B1FB5A" box="[489,506,1163,1187]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">T</collectionCode>
|
||
2 without latero-median carina, sculpture either smooth, evenly shagreened, or finely punctured; laterotergite creased, about 0.2 × as long as wide.
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED5AAE50FFFDFFCAFF22349D4340FAFA" box="[250,267,1259,1283]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">T</collectionCode>
|
||
2–
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED5AAE50FFFDFFCAFEF0349D4372FAFA" box="[296,313,1259,1283]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">T</collectionCode>
|
||
5 similar in size and dimension, about as long as posteriorly wide.
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED5AAE50FFFDFFCAFE61357D4380FADA" box="[441,459,1291,1315]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">T</collectionCode>
|
||
3 with laterotergite creased, 0.43 × as wide as long.
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED5AAE50FFFDFFCAFE7C355A43FDFABA" box="[420,438,1324,1347]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">T</collectionCode>
|
||
7 seems flat and evenly sclerotized, 0.67 × length of
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED5AAE50FFFDFFCAFE44353D43E4FA9A" box="[412,431,1355,1379]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">T</collectionCode>
|
||
6. Parameres 2 × as long as wide at mid length.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |