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<document id="2E0D762F5364C928C8AF8502636A1BD3" ID-DOI="10.26515/rzsi/v121/i3/2021/157075" ID-ISSN="2581-8686" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13186199" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1722612606439" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Tripathy, Basudev, Sethy, Priyadarsi Girija Sankar &amp; Sajan, Sheikh" docDate="2021" docId="03A9C913FF8DFFC8FFAD5725FE1EFCA5" docLanguage="en" docName="RecZoolSurvIndia.121.3.347-354.pdf" docOrigin="Records of the Zoological Survey of India 121 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:30C78A88DFAFB68AE5A0604D5A6B2FFB.3:RecZoolSurvIndia.2017-.journal_article" docStyleId="30C78A88DFAFB68AE5A0604D5A6B2FFB" docStyleName="RecZoolSurvIndia.2017-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Spiraculum lamphunensis" docType="treatment" docVersion="1" lastPageNumber="351" masterDocId="FF90B16BFF89FFCDFF28512CFFC9FF95" masterDocTitle="Rediscovery of an endemic snail Spiraculum beddomei Blanford, 1866 (Mollusca: Cyclophoridae), with notes on its zoogeography and natural history" masterLastPageNumber="354" masterPageNumber="347" pageNumber="351" updateTime="1722663706500" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="0E30853DA572309B203E78675AB9EC2B">Rediscovery of an endemic snail Spiraculum beddomei Blanford, 1866 (Mollusca: Cyclophoridae), with notes on its zoogeography and natural history</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="EDA7021F833E8840758E64E3BC145C8D">Tripathy, Basudev</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="8A15AD83F129D2BD6DF98275C5FEC393">Malacology Division, Zoological Survey of India, Prani Vigyan Bhawan, M Block, New Alipore, Kolkata - 700053, West Bengal, India; Email: sksajan. sajan @ gmail. com</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="5D17C0BB1AF55078BDFF8BE4A007FDED">Sethy, Priyadarsi Girija Sankar</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="83565B55A7B1CABC67A0947D2B06C2B1">Herpetology Division, Zoological Survey of India, 27 JL Nehru Road, Kolkata - 700016, West Bengal, India</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="E28039D13E14B0951EE25AC3B6DBB38A">Sajan, Sheikh</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="EAF43630242303A5ED19CD0871699947">Malacology Division, Zoological Survey of India, Prani Vigyan Bhawan, M Block, New Alipore, Kolkata - 700053, West Bengal, India; Email: sksajan. sajan @ gmail. com</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="F965A1FAD36AE43A0D6F2A8BCBA107E4">Records of the Zoological Survey of India</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="629E0C78869CFBDB75FA0A5FCA38A0CF">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="2B3E84C263F2A565DD924A7235EA1A30">3</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="58A0E1F2CA54BCE557A63D2E1DBB1DAF" type="DOI">10.26515/rzsi/v121/i3/2021/157075</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="3CC0D5B25DD1EB5D98CB695B6CB3693A" type="ISSN">2581-8686</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="12D8A2971DDE8441F1C025BF35479775" type="Zenodo-Dep">13186199</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03A9C913FF8DFFC8FFAD5725FE1EFCA5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A9C913FF8DFFC8FFAD5725FE1EFCA5" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A9C913FF8DFFC8FFAD5725FE1EFCA5" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="351" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">
<subSubSection id="C31A2B8EFF8DFFC9FFAD5725FDF6F9DD" pageId="4" pageNumber="351" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BBF7805FF8DFFC9FFAD5725FDF6F9DD" blockId="4.[133,642,1545,1608]" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">
<heading id="D0F7CF69FF8DFFC9FFAD5725FDF6F9DD" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="351" reason="4">
<emphasis id="B974A417FF8DFFC9FFAD5725FE9BF9B6" bold="true" box="[133,338,1545,1571]" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">Comparison with</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C000386FF8DFFC9FE715725FDF6F9DD" ID-CoL="4Z6BP" authority="(Tumpeesuwan &amp; Tumpeesuwan, 2015)" baseAuthorityName="Tumpeesuwan &amp; Tumpeesuwan" baseAuthorityYear="2015" class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Spiraculum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="4" pageNumber="351" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="lamphunensis">
<emphasis id="B974A417FF8DFFC9FE715725FD4BF9B1" bold="true" box="[345,642,1545,1572]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">Spiraculum lamphunensis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF9105F4FF8DFFC9FFA55702FDF1F9DD" author="Tumpeesuwan, S. &amp; Tumpeesuwan, C." box="[141,568,1581,1608]" pageId="4" pageNumber="351" pagination="287 - 292" refId="ref5067" refString="Tumpeesuwan, S. and Tumpeesuwan, C. 2015. First record and description of a new species of the land snail genus Pearsonia Kobelt, 1902 (Cyclophoridae: Pterocyclinae) from Thailand, with a note on radula morphology. Raffles Bull. Zool., 63: 287 - 292." type="journal article" year="2015">Tumpeesuwan &amp; Tumpeesuwan, 2015</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31A2B8EFF8DFFC8FF855773FE1EFCA5" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="352" pageId="4" pageNumber="351" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BBF7805FF8DFFC9FF855773FEEBF8E0" blockId="4.[133,772,1631,1909]" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">
On systematic comparison with
<taxonomicName id="4C000386FF8DFFC9FD695773FD34F9EC" baseAuthorityName="Tumpeesuwan &amp; Tumpeesuwan" baseAuthorityYear="2015" box="[577,765,1631,1657]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Spiraculum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="4" pageNumber="351" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="lamphunensis">
<emphasis id="B974A417FF8DFFC9FD695773FD34F9EC" box="[577,765,1631,1657]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">S. lamphunensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, we did not found any significant difference in dentition formula, but there was the difference in the arrangement of cups and shape. The transverse rows are significantly more in
<taxonomicName id="4C000386FF8DFFC9FFDA57C3FEB4F89C" box="[242,381,1775,1801]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Spiraculum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="4" pageNumber="351" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="beddomei">
<emphasis id="B974A417FF8DFFC9FFDA57C3FEB4F89C" box="[242,381,1775,1801]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">S. beddomei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
than
<taxonomicName id="4C000386FF8DFFC9FEE357C3FD4AF89C" baseAuthorityName="Tumpeesuwan &amp; Tumpeesuwan" baseAuthorityYear="2015" box="[459,643,1775,1801]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Spiraculum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="4" pageNumber="351" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="lamphunensis">
<emphasis id="B974A417FF8DFFC9FEE357C3FD4AF89C" box="[459,643,1775,1801]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">S. lamphunensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; thus it is presumed that the shape and arrangement of the tooth could be the possible, reliable characters for species-level identification.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBF7805FF8DFFC9FC6B5537FBCDFBA0" blockId="4.[835,1028,1051,1077]" box="[835,1028,1051,1077]" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">
<emphasis id="B974A417FF8DFFC9FC6B5537FBCDFBA0" bold="true" box="[835,1028,1051,1077]" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">Shell Dimension</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBF7805FF8DFFC9FC6B5560FAD8FB1E" blockId="4.[835,1474,1100,1343]" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">
(1)
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<typeStatus id="54BBC6A7FF8DFFC9FC535560FC1DFBF3" box="[891,980,1100,1126]" pageId="4" pageNumber="351" type="syntype">Syntype</typeStatus>
<collectionCode id="ED11E0C0FF8DFFC9FCF25560FBDFFBF3" box="[986,1046,1100,1126]" country="India" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/7mhb-r8q3" name="Zoological Survey of India, National Zoological Collection" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">NZSI</collectionCode>
M.33334/9, D:
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, W:
<quantity id="4CF8D5E0FF8DFFC9FA7F5560FA75FBF2" box="[1367,1468,1100,1127]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.19" pageId="4" pageNumber="351" unit="mm" value="11.9">11.9 mm</quantity>
, AH:
<quantity id="4CF8D5E0FF8DFFC9FC98555CFBDCFB1E" box="[944,1045,1136,1163]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.04" pageId="4" pageNumber="351" unit="mm" value="10.4">10.4 mm</quantity>
, AW:
<quantity id="4CF8D5E0FF8DFFC9FB7E555CFB72FB1E" box="[1110,1211,1136,1163]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.04" pageId="4" pageNumber="351" unit="mm" value="10.4">10.4 mm</quantity>
, N: 5
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½.
</paragraph>
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(2) NZSI M.33335/9 (two shells) D:
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, W:
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBF7805FF8DFFC9FC555594FBC9FB62" blockId="4.[835,1474,1100,1343]" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">
<quantity id="4CF8D5E0FF8DFFC9FC555594FBEBFB46" box="[893,1058,1208,1235]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.315" metricValueMax="1.3199999999999998" metricValueMin="1.31" pageId="4" pageNumber="351" unit="mm" value="13.149999999999999" valueMax="13.2" valueMin="13.1">13.113.2 mm</quantity>
, AH:
<quantity id="4CF8D5E0FF8DFFC9FB415594FAC6FB46" box="[1129,1295,1208,1235]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.125" metricValueMax="1.24" metricValueMin="1.01" pageId="4" pageNumber="351" unit="mm" value="11.25" valueMax="12.4" valueMin="10.1">10.112.4 mm</quantity>
, AW:
<quantity id="4CF8D5E0FF8DFFC9FA7E5594FC62FB62" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.125" metricValueMax="1.24" metricValueMin="1.01" pageId="4" pageNumber="351" unit="mm" value="11.25" valueMax="12.4" valueMin="10.1">10.112.4 mm</quantity>
, N: 5½.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBF7805FF8DFFC9FC6B542CFA85FAAA" blockId="4.[835,1474,1100,1343]" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">
(3) NZSI M.33336/9 (single shells) D:
<quantity id="4CF8D5E0FF8DFFC9FBD4542CFAA8FA8E" box="[1276,1377,1280,1307]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.61" pageId="4" pageNumber="351" unit="mm" value="26.1">26.1 mm</quantity>
, W: 15.0 mm, AH:
<quantity id="4CF8D5E0FF8DFFC9FCC35408FB99FAAA" box="[1003,1104,1316,1343]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.01" pageId="4" pageNumber="351" unit="mm" value="10.1">10.1 mm</quantity>
, AW:
<quantity id="4CF8D5E0FF8DFFC9FBB95408FB3FFAAA" box="[1169,1270,1316,1343]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.01" pageId="4" pageNumber="351" unit="mm" value="10.1">10.1 mm</quantity>
, N: 5½.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBF7805FF8DFFC9FC6B5479FBB2FAFA" blockId="4.[833,1474,1365,1716]" box="[835,1147,1365,1391]" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">
<emphasis id="B974A417FF8DFFC9FC6B5479FBB2FAFA" bold="true" box="[835,1147,1365,1391]" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">Comparison with syntype</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBF7805FF8DFFC9FC435456FA43F921" blockId="4.[833,1474,1365,1716]" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">
<materialsCitation id="3B687258FF8DFFC9FC435456FA4FF921" collectionCode="NZSI" pageId="4" pageNumber="351" specimenCode="NHMUK 1906.1" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="syntype">
The recent specimen collected from Mahendragiri Hills, compared with the
<typeStatus id="54BBC6A7FF8DFFC9FB4454B2FB0BFA2D" box="[1132,1218,1438,1464]" pageId="4" pageNumber="351" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
<collectionCode id="ED11E0C0FF8DFFC9FBE554B2FAC0FA2D" box="[1229,1289,1438,1464]" country="India" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/7mhb-r8q3" name="Zoological Survey of India, National Zoological Collection" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">NZSI</collectionCode>
M.33334/9 and
<specimenCode id="DBA6D07EFF8DFFC9FC6B54EEFBC8FA4E" box="[835,1025,1473,1500]" collectionCode="NHMUK" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="4" pageNumber="351" type="Museum">NHMUK 1906.1</specimenCode>
.1.942 corresponds with type specimen, the most reliable characters being the direction of the sutural tube, which move towards the peristome. Specimens from type locality have flattened spire, whereas recent findings, we notice that the species had elevated spire. This species is easily distinguished by remarkably forward direction of the sutural tube (
<figureCitation id="133B6480FF8DFFC9FBC057B6FAB6F921" box="[1256,1407,1690,1716]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="3.[282,358,1411,1437]" captionTargetBox="[282,1376,212,1376]" captionTargetId="figure-28@3.[282,1376,212,1376]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figure 2. Radula of Spiraculum beddomei Blanford, 1866 (NZSI M.33336/9), A. Radula ribbon, B. C. radula (ct, central tooth; ilt, inner lateral teeth; olt, outer lateral teeth; mt, marginal tooth)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13186205" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13186205/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">Figure 2AC</figureCitation>
)
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.
</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="B974A417FF8DFFC9FC6B57E7FB45F970" bold="true" box="[835,1164,1739,1765]" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">Habitat and Natural History</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBF7805FF8DFFC9FC4357C3FA09F89C" blockId="4.[832,1472,1739,1909]" box="[875,1472,1775,1801]" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">
<materialsCitation id="3B687258FF8DFFC9FC4357C3FA09F89C" box="[875,1472,1775,1801]" collectionCode="NZSI, NHMUK" pageId="4" pageNumber="351" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="syntype">
The
<typeStatus id="54BBC6A7FF8DFFC9FC8457C3FBC4F89C" box="[940,1037,1775,1801]" pageId="4" pageNumber="351" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
(
<collectionCode id="ED11E0C0FF8DFFC9FB0457C3FBA3F89C" box="[1068,1130,1775,1801]" country="India" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/7mhb-r8q3" name="Zoological Survey of India, National Zoological Collection" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">NZSI</collectionCode>
M.33334/9 and
<collectionCode id="ED11E0C0FF8DFFC9FA7D57C3FA09F89C" box="[1365,1472,1775,1801]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="4" pageNumber="351" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBF7805FF8DFFC8FC6B563FFE1EFCA5" blockId="4.[832,1472,1739,1909]" lastBlockId="5.[158,799,214,816]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="352" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">
1906.1.1.942) were collected by Beddome from the Eastern Ghats range of Kimeky Hills near Vishakhapatnam and this hill is connecting
<collectingRegion id="49C4B6E7FF8DFFC9FB685677FB58F8E0" box="[1088,1169,1883,1909]" country="India" name="Odisha" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">Odisha</collectingRegion>
and
<collectingRegion id="49C4B6E7FF8DFFC9FBE45677FA09F8E0" box="[1228,1472,1883,1909]" country="India" name="Andhra Pradesh" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">Andhra Pradesh state</collectingRegion>
politically and cover with continuous forests and hill range of Eastern Ghats. In
<collectingRegion id="49C4B6E7FF8CFFC8FEFB51D6FDEFFE81" box="[467,550,250,276]" country="India" name="Odisha" pageId="5" pageNumber="352">Odisha</collectingRegion>
, this species was only reported from semi-evergreen forest of Mahendragiri Hills in the Gajapati district
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ASL (
<bibRefCitation id="EF9105F4FF8CFFC8FDC2506EFF11FE15" author="Ball, V." pageId="5" pageNumber="352" refId="ref3327" refString="Ball, V. 1880. Jungle life in India. London: Thomas de la Rue &amp; Co; p. 266" type="book" year="1880">Ball, 1880</bibRefCitation>
) and this area received an annual rainfall of ~
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(http://cgwb.gov.in). The existing habit in the study area has undergone tremendous modifications in the past from silviculture to shifting cultivation and in recent years, cash crop plantations in the hilltops, particularly coffee, cotton and cashew as well as cardamom (
<figureCitation id="133B6480FF8CFFC8FDFB5336FF2EFDCD" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="4.[259,335,960,986]" captionTargetBox="[259,1347,213,935]" captionTargetId="figure-25@4.[259,1347,213,935]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figure 3. Extended view of the valley and peculiar habitat of Spiraculum beddomei Blanford, 1866 in Mahendragiri Hills, Eastern Ghats, Odisha (AD)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13186207" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13186207/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="352">Figure 3AD</figureCitation>
). This alteration in the habitat has brought changes in the soil structure and composition as well as rainfall patterns (
<bibRefCitation id="EF9105F4FF8CFFC8FE2553AAFE35FD35" author="Agarwal, I. &amp; Datta-Roy, A. &amp; Bauer, A. M. &amp; Giri, V. B." box="[269,508,646,672]" pageId="5" pageNumber="352" pagination="17 - 24" refId="ref3242" refString="Agarwal, I., Datta-Roy, A., Bauer, A. M. and Giri, V. B. 2012. Rediscovery of Geckoella jeyporensis (Squamata: Gekkonidae), with notes on morphology, coloration and habitat. Hamadryad, 36 (1): 17 - 24." type="journal article" year="2012">
Agarwal
<emphasis id="B974A417FF8CFFC8FE5053ABFE63FD35" box="[376,426,646,672]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="352">et al</emphasis>
., 2012
</bibRefCitation>
). However, in our recent investigation, we observed the species crawling on decaying litter on moist area of the woodland in higher elevation zone of the hills of Mahendragiri in the relatively less human-disturbed areas.
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