284 lines
31 KiB
XML
284 lines
31 KiB
XML
<document id="E2066EC294B1226BE0ECEA7A4E7A247F" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.191476" ID-GBIF-Dataset="8603d4d1-efc8-44bb-84ae-76d3d8dd8161" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="191476" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1461128727612" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Passos, Paulo, Mueses-Cisneros, Jonh Jairo, Lynch, John D. & Fernandes, Ronaldo" docDate="2009" docId="03D087ECAA59775FFF11B69C17F4210A" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02293p034.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2293" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Atractus echidna Passos, Mueses-Cisneros, Lynch & Fernandes, 2009, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="10" masterDocId="FFE9FF94AA5E7755FF86B32815112046" masterDocTitle="Pacific lowland snakes of the genus Atractus (Serpentes: Dipsadidae), with description of three new species" masterLastPageNumber="34" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="8" updateTime="1698597252759" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:mods id="BD18DC29E036A621A158FC6F8DAD3B02" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="FA13EFFD54060A5E514AC80BDC4C0208">
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<mods:title id="3D2BAA61B62B5BF2F06C04549BD23D4A">Pacific lowland snakes of the genus Atractus (Serpentes: Dipsadidae), with description of three new species</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="9B44B5FC6036209110B957086E5F71BA" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="3FD1F819D4BC7171934596F60EBF950C">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="9F6538F22C3224E8E7AF275CD763C3D8">Passos, Paulo</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:roleTerm id="C7943E75636AC5076A102AF3A9B041A1">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="5B8003C8E7D8D6B33685F3147F8F69DD">Mueses-Cisneros, Jonh Jairo</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="45E94582F0B8D1F6E58313D258030045" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="C63A3C09D7619E43DA682EBE5A76C21D">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="EAA10FB5444C34777D6CC10F87DA9E31">Lynch, John D.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="8C9838B969284A699DAC39836FA83B79" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="D4CA50CB19A6AD1BACDF652BF77E3B93">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="ED22F6676A052E41F270DE695B5F4D44">Fernandes, Ronaldo</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="B01DD7C33E2BDA6F1F1A7A7F7F2E90DF">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="D9016588FC4159F64C379AFFA7E2B730">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="8BB4F907F2507A59CD4A097754A9D7DB">
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<mods:date id="79CD5895C316D910E98900C1CE1508BC">2009</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="8A76F8E46C0BDAC30159BCC70D84274D" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="254AD6E50B79CD49FA0E21B6BDF2B6CA">2293</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="95454BC88FC6889A237D848995518CB5">1</mods:start>
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<mods:classification id="727F018FCCE1D8A628ED99BB05FDF9B5">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="17E841910D2BF07A9696791461917243" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.191476</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="12C59038F7B7EFDFAF36D3AC8F893CCA" type="GBIF-Dataset">8603d4d1-efc8-44bb-84ae-76d3d8dd8161</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="B0FB6CA6EA5B81913DB6F1C6F81A3A2B" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="300183F896DA232D158410C70A6DA973" type="Zenodo-Dep">191476</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03D087ECAA59775FFF11B69C17F4210A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6214657" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119626675" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6214657" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D087ECAA59775FFF11B69C17F4210A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D087ECAA59775FFF11B69C17F4210A" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<subSubSection id="C3636571AA597752FF11B69C15CA25B7" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BC636FAAA597752FF11B69C14D82588" blockId="7.[151,457,1460,1521]" box="[151,457,1460,1486]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<heading id="D08E8196AA597752FF11B69C14D82588" bold="true" box="[151,457,1460,1486]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B90DEAE8AA597752FF11B69C14D82588" bold="true" box="[151,457,1460,1486]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<taxonomicName id="4C794D79AA597752FF11B69C14742588" box="[151,357,1460,1486]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Atractus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="echidna" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B90DEAE8AA597752FF11B69C14742588" bold="true" box="[151,357,1460,1486]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Atractus echidna</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23E5793AA597752FEEAB69C14D82588" box="[364,457,1460,1486]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC636FAAA597752FF11B6FF15CA25B7" blockId="7.[151,457,1460,1521]" box="[151,219,1495,1521]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<figureCitation id="13422A7FAA597752FF11B6FF15CA25B7" box="[151,219,1495,1521]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,254,873,897]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,310,849]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,310,850]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views of the holotype of Atractus echidna sp. nov. (UV-C 7718). SVL 201 mm, CL 47 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/191481/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C3636571AA597752FF11B50C11312623" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BC636FAAA597752FF11B50C11312623" blockId="7.[151,1437,1572,2024]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<emphasis id="B90DEAE8AA597752FF11B50C14032678" bold="true" box="[151,274,1572,1598]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<typeStatus id="54C28858AA597752FF11B50C141F2678" box="[151,270,1572,1598]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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:
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</emphasis>
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Adult male, UV-C 7718, from estero San Antonio, Flor de la Briza, corregimiento Robles (
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<geoCoordinate id="EE4D503DAA597752FAB0B50D1086267B" box="[1334,1431,1573,1597]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" precision="925" value="1.7">01º42’N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE4D503DAA597752FF11B56415ED2622" box="[151,252,1612,1636]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" precision="925" value="-78.7">78º42’W</geoCoordinate>
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, ca.
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<quantity id="4C819B1FAA597752FEABB564147B2622" box="[301,362,1612,1636]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="m" value="10.0">10 m</quantity>
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), municipality of Tumaco, department of Nariño,
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<collectingCountry id="F36E766AAA597752FC23B563110D2623" box="[933,1052,1611,1637]" name="Colombia" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Colombia</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3636571AA59775DFF40B559149220B9" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BC636FAAA597752FF40B559161B2732" blockId="7.[151,1437,1572,2024]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<emphasis id="B90DEAE8AA597752FF40B559145926CD" bold="true" box="[198,328,1649,1675]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C794D79AA597752FED2B55A173126CD" box="[340,544,1650,1675]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Atractus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="echidna">
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<emphasis id="B90DEAE8AA597752FED2B55A173126CD" box="[340,544,1650,1675]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Atractus echidna</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is distinguished from all congeners by the combination of the following characters: (1) 15/15/15 smooth dorsals; (2) two postoculars; (3) long loreal; (4) temporals 1+2; (5) seven supralabials, third and fourth contacting orbit; (6) seven infralabials, first three contacting chinshields; (7) six maxillary teeth; (8) three gular scale rows; (9) three preventrals; (10) 127 ventrals in the single male; (11) 36 subcaudals; (12) dorsum light brown with irregular dark brown blotches decreasing in size posteriorly; (13) venter uniformly cream anteriorly and scattered with brown posteriorly; (14) small body size, male reaching
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<quantity id="4C819B1FAA597752FF11B47215E92732" box="[151,248,1882,1908]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.01" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="mm" value="201.0">201 mm</quantity>
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SVL; (15) tail long in male (23.4% of SVL).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC636FAAA59775DFF40B4A8149220B9" blockId="7.[151,1437,1572,2024]" lastBlockId="8.[151,1436,152,255]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<emphasis id="B90DEAE8AA597752FF40B4A8146727DC" bold="true" box="[198,374,1920,1946]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Comparisons:</emphasis>
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Among all congeners,
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<taxonomicName id="4C794D79AA597752FD08B4A9161C27DC" box="[654,781,1921,1946]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Atractus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="echidna">
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<emphasis id="B90DEAE8AA597752FD08B4A9161C27DC" box="[654,781,1921,1946]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">A. echidna</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C794D79AA597752FCCFB4A916F227DC" box="[841,995,1921,1946]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Atractus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="iridescens">
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<emphasis id="B90DEAE8AA597752FCCFB4A916F227DC" box="[841,995,1921,1946]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">A. iridescens</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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are the only species with fewer than 150 ventrals and more than 35 subcaudals in males, four or five prediastemal and two postdiastemal wellspaced teeth, and dorsum reddish brown with irregular pale-bordered dark blotches.
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<taxonomicName id="4C794D79AA597752FBF9B4E6105927A1" box="[1151,1352,1998,2023]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Atractus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="echidna">
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<emphasis id="B90DEAE8AA597752FBF9B4E6105927A1" box="[1151,1352,1998,2023]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Atractus echidna</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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differs from
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<taxonomicName id="4C794D79AA56775DFF5EB3B0146320F7" box="[216,370,152,177]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Atractus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="iridescens">
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<emphasis id="B90DEAE8AA56775DFF5EB3B0146320F7" box="[216,370,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">A. iridescens</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by having 15 dorsal scale rows, very long tail (23.4% of SVL), and venter with irregular dark spots posteriorly (vs. 17 dorsal scale rows, tail 14–18.9% SVL in males, and venter with a median dark line along all body).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<caption id="DF066672AA56775DFF11B041140323E5" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/191481/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" targetBox="[151,1434,310,849]" targetPageId="8">
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<paragraph id="8BC636FAAA56775DFF11B041140323E5" blockId="8.[151,1436,873,931]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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<emphasis id="B90DEAE8AA56775DFF11B041140B23C7" bold="true" box="[151,282,873,897]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
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Dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views of the holotype of
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<taxonomicName id="4C794D79AA56775DFCD7B042111623C7" box="[849,1031,874,897]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Atractus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="echidna" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B90DEAE8AA56775DFCD7B042111623C7" box="[849,1031,874,897]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Atractus echidna</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23E5793AA56775DFB88B042117323C7" box="[1038,1122,874,897]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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(UV-C 7718). SVL 201 mm, CL 47 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<subSubSection id="C3636571AA56775CFF40B0D416EE2248" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BC636FAAA56775DFF40B0D4145826B3" blockId="8.[151,1437,1020,2013]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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<emphasis id="B90DEAE8AA56775DFF40B0D414E32450" bold="true" box="[198,498,1020,1046]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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Description of
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<typeStatus id="54C28858AA56775DFEFBB0D414FC2450" box="[381,493,1020,1046]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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:
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</emphasis>
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Adult male, SVL
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<quantity id="4C819B1FAA56775DFD41B0D4163A2450" box="[711,811,1020,1046]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.01" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="mm" value="201.0">201 mm</quantity>
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||
; CL
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<quantity id="4C819B1FAA56775DFCE5B0D416A42450" box="[867,949,1020,1046]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.7" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="mm" value="47.0">47 mm</quantity>
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(23.4% SVL); head length
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||
<quantity id="4C819B1FAA56775DFB73B0D4105E2450" box="[1269,1359,1020,1046]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.5" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="mm" value="9.5">9.5 mm</quantity>
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(4.7% SVL); head width
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<quantity id="4C819B1FAA56775DFEF5B70B14DF247B" box="[371,462,1059,1085]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.3" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="mm" value="4.3">4.3 mm</quantity>
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(45.3% head length); interorbital distance
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||
<quantity id="4C819B1FAA56775DFC4CB70B1139247B" box="[970,1064,1059,1085]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.4" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="mm" value="3.4">3.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
; rostro-orbital distance
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||
<quantity id="4C819B1FAA56775DFAC7B70B108D247B" box="[1345,1436,1059,1085]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="mm" value="3.2">3.2 mm</quantity>
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||
(0.95 times interorbital distance); naso-orbital distance
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||
<quantity id="4C819B1FAA56775DFC98B762166A2422" box="[798,891,1098,1124]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="mm" value="2.7">2.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
; head arched in lateral view, rounded in dorsal view; snout truncate in lateral view, rounded in dorsal view; canthus rostralis well marked in lateral view; cervical constriction indistinct; rostral sub-triangular in frontal view,
|
||
<quantity id="4C819B1FAA56775DFC68B7BF115A24F7" box="[1006,1099,1175,1201]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="mm" value="1.7">1.7 mm</quantity>
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||
wide,
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||
<quantity id="4C819B1FAA56775DFB26B7BF11EF24F7" box="[1184,1278,1175,1201]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="mm" value="0.8">0.8 mm</quantity>
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||
high, poorly visible in dorsal view; internasal
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||
<quantity id="4C819B1FAA56775DFDBFB7961789249E" box="[569,664,1214,1240]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="mm" value="0.9">0.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="4C819B1FAA56775DFD6CB7961659249E" box="[746,840,1214,1240]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="mm" value="0.7">0.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide; internasal suture sinistral with respect to prefrontal suture; prefrontal
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||
<quantity id="4C819B1FAA56775DFE6CB7CC175424B8" box="[490,581,1252,1278]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="mm" value="2.1">2.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="4C819B1FAA56775DFD14B7CC17FC24B8" box="[658,749,1252,1278]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="mm" value="1.7">1.7 mm</quantity>
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||
wide; supraocular sub-rectangular,
|
||
<quantity id="4C819B1FAA56775DFB1FB7CC11E524B8" box="[1177,1268,1252,1278]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="mm" value="0.9">0.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="4C819B1FAA56775DFAC7B7CC108D24B8" box="[1345,1436,1252,1278]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide; frontal sub-pentagonal, 2,6 mm long, 2,4 mm wide; parietal 4.0 mm long, twice as long as wide; nasal divided; nostril located between prenasal and postnasal; prenasal
|
||
<quantity id="4C819B1FAA56775DFC23B61A1110250A" box="[933,1025,1330,1356]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="mm" value="0.7">0.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
high, about twice as high as long; postnasal
|
||
<quantity id="4C819B1FAA56775DFE89B671147B2535" box="[271,362,1369,1395]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
high, slightly higher than long; loreal
|
||
<quantity id="4C819B1FAA56775DFCB8B67116882535" box="[830,921,1369,1395]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="mm" value="2.3">2.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="4C819B1FAA56775DFC61B67111522535" box="[999,1091,1369,1395]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="mm" value="0.4">0.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
high, contacting second and third supralabials; eye diameter 1.0 mm; pupil subelliptical; two postoculars; upper postocular
|
||
<quantity id="4C819B1FAA56775DFA82B657104E25DF" box="[1284,1375,1407,1433]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
high and long, slightly longer than lower postocular; temporals 1+2; first temporal
|
||
<quantity id="4C819B1FAA56775DFBB3B68E11802586" box="[1077,1169,1446,1472]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="mm" value="1.5">1.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, about as long as high; upper posterior temporal elongate (
|
||
<quantity id="4C819B1FAA56775DFDFEB6E417C925A0" box="[632,728,1484,1510]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="mm" value="3.2">3.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
), about three times as long as high; seven supralabials, third and fourth contacting orbit; second supralabial higher than first and smaller than third; sixth supralabial higher and seventh longer than remaining supralabials; symphisial semicircular,
|
||
<quantity id="4C819B1FAA56775DFB85B532114E2672" box="[1027,1119,1562,1588]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="mm" value="1.3">1.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide,
|
||
<quantity id="4C819B1FAA56775DFB36B532101A2672" box="[1200,1291,1562,1588]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="mm" value="0.4">0.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
long; seven infralabials, first three contacting chinshields; first pair of infralabials contacting behind chinshields; chinshields
|
||
<quantity id="4C819B1FAA56775DFEA4B54F146A26C7" box="[290,379,1639,1665]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="mm" value="2.4">2.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="4C819B1FAA56775DFE43B54F170E26C7" box="[453,543,1639,1665]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="mm" value="0.8">0.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide; three gular scale rows; three preventrals; 127 ventrals; 36 subcaudals; 15/15/15 smooth dorsal scale rows; dorsals lacking apical pits, supra-anal tubercles, and keels; eight dorsal scale rows at level of second subcaudal; body diameter
|
||
<quantity id="4C819B1FAA56775DFCB7B59C169C2688" box="[817,909,1716,1742]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.4" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="mm" value="4.4">4.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
(2.2% of SVL); caudal spine large, conical, and acuminate.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC636FAAA56775DFF40B429146027D6" blockId="8.[151,1437,1020,2013]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90DEAE8AA56775DFF40B429149A275D" bold="true" box="[198,395,1793,1819]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Maxillary arch:</emphasis>
|
||
Arched in dorsal view, with four prediastemal and two postdiastemal teeth; prediastemal teeth large, curved, well spaced, decreasing gradually in size posteriorly, angular in cross section, robust at base, narrower at apices; maxillary diastema moderately long; postdiastemal teeth half of the size of last prediastemal ones.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC636FAAA56775CFF40B4B416EE2248" blockId="8.[151,1437,1020,2013]" lastBlockId="9.[151,1437,152,835]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90DEAE8AA56775DFF40B4B4179227F0" bold="true" box="[198,643,1948,1974]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
Colour in preservative of
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C28858AA56775DFD88B4B4176F27F0" box="[526,638,1948,1974]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Dorsum of head uniformly brown; background of head uniformly brown to dorsal margin of supralabials, except for beige temporal region constituting a light temporal stripe; dorsal edge of supralabials forming a dark postocular stripe interrupted posteriorly by beige pigmentation; supralabials with diagonal invasion of brown pigment on posterior region of each scale, reaching lip margins; symphisial, infralabials, gular region, and preventrals cream with disperse brown dots; venter ground colour cream with diffuse brown spots concentrated on posterior region of body; tail light brown with irregular invasion of cream pigment anteriorly and uniformly brown posteriorly; dorsal ground colour light brown with irregular dark brown blotches decreasing in size posteriorly; anterior blotches large (four or five scales long and four to six scales wide), weakly distinct from ground colour; anterior blotches alternate and extending above first six dorsal scale rows; blotches decreasing progressively in size, posterior blotches (one scale long and wide); posterior blotches clearly distinct from dorsal ground colour, bordered by beige pigment, and disposed in two longitudinal series above fifth and sixth dorsal scale rows.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3636571AA57775CFF40B13214A62289" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC636FAAA57775CFF40B13214A62289" blockId="9.[151,1437,152,835]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90DEAE8AA57775CFF40B13214462272" bold="true" box="[198,343,538,564]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Etymology:</emphasis>
|
||
The specific epithet “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C794D79AA57775CFDD1B13217A52275" box="[599,692,538,563]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Atractus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="echidna">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90DEAE8AA57775CFDD1B13217A52275" box="[599,692,538,563]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">echidna</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
” refers to the half woman–half snake monster goddess
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C794D79AA57775CFABCB132108D2275" box="[1338,1436,538,563]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Atractus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="9" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="echidna">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90DEAE8AA57775CFABCB132108D2275" box="[1338,1436,538,563]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Echidna</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Greek: ɩδνα) from Greek mythology. According to Greek legends,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C794D79AA57775CFC53B1691126221D" box="[981,1079,577,603]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Atractus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="9" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="echidna">Echidna</taxonomicName>
|
||
married the massive monster
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C794D79AA57775CFF11B14015E422C4" box="[151,245,616,642]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Atractus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="9" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="typhon">Typhon</taxonomicName>
|
||
, becoming mother of all major monsters of Greek myths (e.g., Hydra, Cerberus). Her name is used herein in reference to the contrastasting anterior/posterior coloration pattern of the new species, alluding to Echidna’s hybrid nature.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3636571AA57775CFF40B1F314272305" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC636FAAA57775CFF40B1F314272305" blockId="9.[151,1437,152,835]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90DEAE8AA57775CFF40B1F3147822B3" bold="true" box="[198,361,731,757]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Distribution:</emphasis>
|
||
Known only from the municipality of Robles, on the southwestern portion of the department of Nariño, Pacific lowlands of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36E766AAA57775CFD0AB02A1615235A" box="[652,772,770,796]" name="Colombia" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Colombia</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C794D79AA57775CFC88B02A16C7235D" box="[782,982,770,795]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Atractus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="echidna">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90DEAE8AA57775CFC88B02A16C7235D" box="[782,982,770,795]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Atractus echidna</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
apparently inhabits rainforest near sea level (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13422A7FAA57775CFF66B00114362305" box="[224,295,809,835]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="9.[151,254,1797,1821]" captionTargetBox="[153,1428,904,1773]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,890,1812]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 6. Geographical distribution of the Atractus paucidens species group." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/191482/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF066672AA57775CFF11B42D16F9275B" box="[151,1000,1797,1821]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/191482/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" targetBox="[153,1428,904,1773]" targetPageId="9">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC636FAAA57775CFF11B42D16F9275B" blockId="9.[151,1000,1797,1821]" box="[151,1000,1797,1821]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90DEAE8AA57775CFF11B42D1408275B" bold="true" box="[151,281,1797,1821]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">FIGURE 6.</emphasis>
|
||
Geographical distribution of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C794D79AA57775CFDFDB42E1659275B" box="[635,840,1798,1821]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Atractus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="paucidens">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90DEAE8AA57775CFDFDB42E1659275B" box="[635,840,1798,1821]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Atractus paucidens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species group.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3636571AA57775FFF40B45017F4210A" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="11" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC636FAAA57775FFF40B45017F4210A" blockId="9.[151,1437,1912,2015]" lastBlockId="10.[151,1437,152,332]" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="11" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90DEAE8AA57775CFF40B450145327D4" bold="true" box="[198,322,1912,1938]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Remarks:</emphasis>
|
||
On the basis of morphological similarity,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C794D79AA57775CFCDAB45016CE27D7" box="[860,991,1912,1937]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Atractus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="echidna">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90DEAE8AA57775CFCDAB45016CE27D7" box="[860,991,1912,1937]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">A. echidna</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
appears to be closely related to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C794D79AA57775CFA05B450140427FE" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Atractus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="iridescens">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90DEAE8AA57775CFA05B450140427FE" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">A. iridescens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. In fact, most characters displayed in the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C28858AA57775CFCA6B4B7169D27FF" box="[800,908,1951,1977]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<emphasis id="B90DEAE8AA57775CFC3EB4B7115427FE" box="[952,1093,1951,1976]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C794D79AA57775CFC3EB4B7115127FE" box="[952,1088,1951,1976]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Atractus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="echidna">A. echidna</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
except for some diagnostic features (see above), overlap the variation reported herein for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C794D79AA57775CFC0BB4EE113A2799" box="[909,1067,1990,2015]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Atractus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="iridescens">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90DEAE8AA57775CFC0BB4EE113A2799" box="[909,1067,1990,2015]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">A. iridescens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Although relative tail length, number of ventrals, and general colour pattern are susceptible to considerable intraspecific variation in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C794D79AA54775FFF11B39715EC209E" box="[151,253,191,216]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Atractus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90DEAE8AA54775FFF11B39715EC209E" box="[151,253,191,216]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Atractus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the occurance of both 15 and 17 dorsal scale rows within a single species is known only for one species (the Venezuelan
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C794D79AA54775FFE5EB3CD17B720B8" box="[472,678,229,254]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Atractus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="erythromelas">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90DEAE8AA54775FFE5EB3CD17B720B8" box="[472,678,229,254]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">A. erythromelas</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) among more than 130 currently recognized in the genus. Furthermore, the two species differ in relative tail size of males, which is generally correlated with the length of the hemipenial lobes in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C794D79AA54775FFE48B21A17F0210A" authority="Passos 2008" authorityName="Passos" authorityYear="2008" box="[462,737,306,332]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Atractus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90DEAE8AA54775FFE48B21A1720210D" box="[462,561,306,331]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Atractus</emphasis>
|
||
(Passos 2008)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |