treatments-xml/data/03/D0/87/03D087C8D477FF97A59946870CABFC75.xml

<document id="D2DE8CC5200413EBC2ABA3A7CF7F6368" ID-CLB-Dataset="7929" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4903.1.7" ID-GBIF-Dataset="dea5368a-ea89-41d0-a4d6-ea5191f1bc79" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4574000" ID-ZooBank="9AC78082-AB5E-45C3-993B-456640390493" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1610011027880" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Oliver, Paul, Günther, Rainer, Tjaturadi, Burhan &amp; Richards, Stephen J." docDate="2021" docId="03D087C8D477FF97A59946870CABFC75" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4903.1.7.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4903 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Litoria lubisi Oliver &amp; Günther &amp; Tjaturadi &amp; Richards 2021, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="124" masterDocId="FFE9FFB0D476FF90A50E434C0873FF98" masterDocTitle="A new species of large green treefrog (Litoria, Pelodryadidae) from Papua Indonesia" masterLastPageNumber="126" masterPageNumber="117" pageNumber="118" updateTime="1698920103178" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="F8E1E8F248B98661FB20A4D4DF492CE5">A new species of large green treefrog (Litoria, Pelodryadidae) from Papua Indonesia</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="5DBFD7713594282E00051142669FC02E">Oliver, Paul</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="0DE9D37B2A03E6C114480092F7333FB8">Environmental Futures Research Institute and School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Rd, Brisbane, Queensland 4121, and Biodiversity and Geosciences Program, Queensland Museum, South Brisbane, Queensland, 4101 Australia. p. oliver @ griffith. edu. au; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 4291 - 257 X</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="27CB15491E914318A67E4BF8106F6253">Günther, Rainer</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="A11C00897B37121B6510CAC0DC617BE6">Museum für Naturkunde, Berlin, Germany.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="7D5F2A9A09AD0A571664EEB384B62B97">Center for Environmental Studies, Sanata Dharma University (CESSDU), Yogyakarta, Indonesia.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="18E703EECFD6CC3F2E6CD65F1FF9261C">Richards, Stephen J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="DA0185B8C0EFD5A92D4C9DC94FEDBAD8">South Australian Museum, North Terrace, Adelaide, S. A. 5000, Australia.</mods:affiliation>
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<treatment id="03D087C8D477FF97A59946870CABFC75" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4574105" ID-GBIF-Taxon="180323408" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4574105" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D087C8D477FF97A59946870CABFC75" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D087C8D477FF97A59946870CABFC75" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="124" pageId="1" pageNumber="118">
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<taxonomicName id="4C794D5DD477FF91A59946870946FA7D" authority="Oliver &amp; Günther &amp; Tjaturadi &amp; Richards, 2021" authorityName="Oliver &amp; Günther &amp; Tjaturadi &amp; Richards" authorityYear="2021" box="[151,309,1482,1509]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="1" pageNumber="118" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lubisi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B90DEACCD477FF91A59946870946FA7D" bold="true" box="[151,309,1482,1509]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="118">Litoria lubisi</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C794D5DD477FF91A59946A30AE2F991" authority="(Richards et al. 2015)" baseAuthorityName="Richards" baseAuthorityYear="2015" box="[151,657,1518,1545]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="1" pageNumber="118" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="infrafrenata">
<emphasis id="B90DEACCD477FF91A59946A30896F990" box="[151,229,1519,1544]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="118">Litoria</emphasis>
cf. 
<emphasis id="B90DEACCD477FF91A41E46A309E5F991" box="[272,406,1519,1545]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="118">infrafrenata</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFE84B2FD477FF91A4AA46A30AF9F991" author="Richards, S. J. &amp; Tjaturadi, B. &amp; Mumpuni &amp; Puradyatmika, P." box="[420,650,1518,1545]" pageId="1" pageNumber="118" refId="ref6168" refString="Richards, S. J., Tjaturadi, B., Mumpuni &amp; Puradyatmika, P. (2015) Field guide to Frogs of the Mimika region-Papua, Indonesia. PT Freeport Indonesia, Mimika." type="book" year="2015">
Richards 
<emphasis id="B90DEACCD477FF91A71F46A30A3AF991" box="[529,585,1519,1545]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="118">et al.</emphasis>
2015
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)
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<paragraph id="8BC636DED477FF91A599455F0922F9B5" blockId="1.[151,657,1482,1617]" box="[151,337,1555,1581]" pageId="1" pageNumber="118">Lubis’s Treefrog</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC636DED477FF91A599457B0944F9C9" blockId="1.[151,657,1482,1617]" box="[151,311,1591,1617]" pageId="1" pageNumber="118">
<figureCitation id="13422A5BD477FF91A599457B0972F9C9" box="[151,257,1591,1617]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStartId-0="2.[151,250,1444,1468]" captionStartId-1="3.[151,250,1709,1733]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1436,561,1421]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1436,453,1686]" captionTargetId-0="figure-196@2.[151,1436,561,1421]" captionTargetId-1="figure-145@3.[151,1436,453,1686]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionTargetPageId-1="3" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Litoria lubisi sp. nov. holotype (MZB Amph. 13.358) from near Timika, Indonesia, in life. Photograph S.J. Richards." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Details of holotype of Litoria lubisi sp. nov. holotype (MZB Amph. 13.358), A) ventral view of fingers and webbing, B) ventral view of toes and webbing, C) nuptial excrescences, and D) hidden colouration of thighs. All photographs by S.J. Richards." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4574002" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4574004" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/4574002/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/4574004/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="118">Figs. 1–2</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13422A5BD477FF91A403457B0940F9C9" box="[269,307,1591,1617]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1145,1169]" captionTargetBox="[152,1435,275,1121]" captionTargetId="figure-69@5.[151,1436,273,1122]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Predominently green species in the L. infrafrenata Group in life. A) L. lubisi sp. nov., B) L. infrafrenata from the Kikori River Basin, Papua New Guinea, C) L. purpureolata from the Cyclops Mountains, Indonesia, and D) L. sanguinolenta from the Timika area, Indonesia. All photographs by S.J. Richards." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4574010" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4574010/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="118">4A</figureCitation>
.
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<paragraph id="8BC636DED477FF91A59945330943F979" blockId="1.[151,1436,1662,2013]" pageId="1" pageNumber="118">
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<emphasis id="B90DEACCD477FF91A59945330978F901" bold="true" box="[151,267,1663,1689]" pageId="1" pageNumber="118">
<typeStatus id="54C2887CD477FF91A59945330975F901" box="[151,262,1663,1689]" pageId="1" pageNumber="118" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
.
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<collectionCode id="ED68AE1BD477FF91A41D45330923F901" box="[275,336,1663,1689]" country="Indonesia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/b9gz-izvg" name="Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense" pageId="1" pageNumber="118" type="Museum">MZB</collectionCode>
Amph. 13.358 (FN 
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). 
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male, calling when collected, 
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south of 
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, 
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(
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, 
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; 
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a.s.l.
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), collected by 
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and 
<collectorName id="268C5308D477FF91A1A445EF0D41F925" box="[1194,1330,1699,1725]" pageId="1" pageNumber="118">B. Tjaturadi</collectorName>
on 
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<collectingDate id="EF83E9F6D477FF91A05345EF095EF979" pageId="1" pageNumber="118" value="2006-12-08">8 December 2006</collectingDate>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C3636555D477FF92A5C945A60AE6FF4D" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="119" pageId="1" pageNumber="118" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BC636DED477FF92A5C945A60AE6FF4D" blockId="1.[151,1436,1662,2013]" lastBlockId="2.[151,1437,150,537]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="119" pageId="1" pageNumber="118">
<emphasis id="B90DEACCD477FF91A5C945A60937F89C" bold="true" box="[199,324,1770,1796]" pageId="1" pageNumber="118">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
A large treefrog that differs from other New Guinean 
<taxonomicName id="4C794D5DD477FF91A69945A70B96F89C" box="[919,997,1771,1796]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="1" pageNumber="118" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90DEACCD477FF91A69945A70B96F89C" box="[919,997,1771,1796]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="118">Litoria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the following unique combination of characters: body large (adult male SVL to at least 
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), moderately robust; vomero-palatines large, conspicuous, each with ten small teeth; labial stripe indistinct and not reaching rictus of jaw; dorsum uniformly bright green; parotoid glands absent; scapular region lacking deep skin creases; webbing between Fingers 3 and 4 extending halfway along penultimate phalanges; webbing on feet extending to discs on all toes except Toe 4; discs wide (3FD/SVL 0.071; 4TD/SVL 0.061); nuptial pads crescentic and broader anteriorly than posteriorly; ventral and lateral surfaces yellow suffused with pale blue along skin creases; iris pale reddish brown; upper half of nictitating membrane clear with dark dorsal margin; and advertisement call a single rasping note lasting 0.18– 
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uttered in very long (&gt;5 min) series with irregular inter-note intervals.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3636555D474FF96A5C943920B27FE12" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="123" pageId="2" pageNumber="119" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BC636DED474FF92A5C943920D19FD81" blockId="2.[151,1437,150,537]" pageId="2" pageNumber="119">
<emphasis id="B90DEACCD474FF92A5C943920998FF61" bold="true" box="[199,491,222,249]" pageId="2" pageNumber="119">
Description of 
<typeStatus id="54C2887CD474FF92A47343930995FF61" box="[381,486,223,249]" pageId="2" pageNumber="119" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
Habitus moderately robust, limbs moderately long (TL/SVL 0.54); snout broadly rounded in dorsal aspect, blunt, steeply sloping in lateral aspect. Canthus long, poorly defined, nearly straight; loreal region sloping, distinctly concave; nostrils near tip of snout. Eyes moderately small (EYE/SVL = 0.10) (
<figureCitation id="13422A5BD474FF92A061426B08D7FEFD" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1444,1468]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,561,1421]" captionTargetId="figure-196@2.[151,1436,561,1421]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Litoria lubisi sp. nov. holotype (MZB Amph. 13.358) from near Timika, Indonesia, in life. Photograph S.J. Richards." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4574002" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4574002/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="119">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
), nictitating membrane without flecks or lines of pigmentation. Tongue oval with shallow posterior notch; vocal slits long, extending from near angle of jaw half way to front of mouth. Ten small teeth on each of two prominent, slightly postero-medially directed vomero-palatine ridges. Tympanum moderately large (EAR/SVL = 0.082), annulus distinct except postero-dorsal edge obscured by thick, curved, postocular fold that extends from posterior edge of eye to above axillary junction. Skin finely but distinctly granular dorsally, slightly coarser on head. Lateral surfaces with large, flat tubercles; throat finely ridged, belly and ventral surfaces of thighs coarsely tubercular.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF066656D474FF92A59946E808BAFA79" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4574002" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4574002" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4574002/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="119" startId="2.[151,250,1444,1468]" targetBox="[151,1436,561,1421]" targetPageId="2">
<paragraph id="8BC636DED474FF92A59946E808BAFA79" blockId="2.[151,1436,1444,1505]" pageId="2" pageNumber="119">
<emphasis id="B90DEACCD474FF92A59946E8097DFA24" bold="true" box="[151,270,1444,1468]" pageId="2" pageNumber="119">FIGURE 1</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C794D5DD474FF92A41446E909D3FA25" authority="Oliver &amp; Günther &amp; Tjaturadi &amp; Richards, 2021" authorityName="Oliver &amp; Günther &amp; Tjaturadi &amp; Richards" authorityYear="2021" box="[282,416,1445,1469]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="119" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lubisi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B90DEACCD474FF92A41446E909D3FA25" box="[282,416,1445,1469]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="119">Litoria lubisi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B90DEACCD474FF92A4A946E9098BFA25" bold="true" box="[423,504,1445,1469]" pageId="2" pageNumber="119">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23E57B7D474FF92A4A946E9098BFA25" box="[423,504,1445,1469]" pageId="2" pageNumber="119" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
holotype (MZB Amph. 13.358) from near Timika, Indonesia, in life. Photograph S.J. Richards.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BC636DED474FF92A5C945430D65F8BD" blockId="2.[151,1437,1551,2009]" pageId="2" pageNumber="119">
Prominent dermal ridges along posterior edge of forearms and along shanks and ankles extending to toe 5 (
<figureCitation id="13422A5BD474FF92A06A454308D6F9D5" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1444,1468]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,561,1421]" captionTargetId="figure-196@2.[151,1436,561,1421]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Litoria lubisi sp. nov. holotype (MZB Amph. 13.358) from near Timika, Indonesia, in life. Photograph S.J. Richards." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4574002" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4574002/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="119">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13422A5BD474FF92A5BA457F08B1F9D5" box="[180,194,1587,1613]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1709,1733]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,453,1686]" captionTargetId="figure-145@3.[151,1436,453,1686]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Details of holotype of Litoria lubisi sp. nov. holotype (MZB Amph. 13.358), A) ventral view of fingers and webbing, B) ventral view of toes and webbing, C) nuptial excrescences, and D) hidden colouration of thighs. All photographs by S.J. Richards." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4574004" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4574004/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="119">2</figureCitation>
A–2B). Fingers short, partially webbed, terminal discs wide (3FD/SVL 0.071), with circum-marginal grooves (
<figureCitation id="13422A5BD474FF92A5AE451B088AF9E9" box="[160,249,1623,1649]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1709,1733]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,453,1686]" captionTargetId="figure-145@3.[151,1436,453,1686]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Details of holotype of Litoria lubisi sp. nov. holotype (MZB Amph. 13.358), A) ventral view of fingers and webbing, B) ventral view of toes and webbing, C) nuptial excrescences, and D) hidden colouration of thighs. All photographs by S.J. Richards." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4574004" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4574004/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="119">Fig. 2C</figureCitation>
). Webbing reaches to half-way between penultimate subarticular tubercle and disc between Fingers 4 and 3, half way between penultimate and third subarticular tubercle on inner side of Finger 3, to disc on outer side of Finger 2, and is restricted to thin basal strip between Fingers 1 and 2 (
<figureCitation id="13422A5BD474FF92A6BA45D30C63F921" box="[948,1040,1695,1721]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1709,1733]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,453,1686]" captionTargetId="figure-145@3.[151,1436,453,1686]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Details of holotype of Litoria lubisi sp. nov. holotype (MZB Amph. 13.358), A) ventral view of fingers and webbing, B) ventral view of toes and webbing, C) nuptial excrescences, and D) hidden colouration of thighs. All photographs by S.J. Richards." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4574004" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4574004/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="119">Fig. 2A</figureCitation>
). Subarticular tubercles prominent, undivided. Relative lengths of fingers 3&gt;4&gt;2&gt;1. Nuptial excrescences a narrow, unbroken patch extending along approximately half length of Finger 1, with distal half approximately equal in height to minimum width of Finger 1 and proximal half much narrower and tapering proximally, forming an approximate crescent (
<figureCitation id="13422A5BD474FF92A1BE44470D7AF8BD" box="[1200,1289,1803,1829]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1709,1733]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,453,1686]" captionTargetId="figure-145@3.[151,1436,453,1686]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Details of holotype of Litoria lubisi sp. nov. holotype (MZB Amph. 13.358), A) ventral view of fingers and webbing, B) ventral view of toes and webbing, C) nuptial excrescences, and D) hidden colouration of thighs. All photographs by S.J. Richards." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4574004" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4574004/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="119">Fig. 2C</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC636DED474FF92A5C944630CDAF80A" blockId="2.[151,1437,1551,2009]" pageId="2" pageNumber="119">
Toes fully webbed, terminal discs moderately wide (4TD/SVL 0.061) with circum-marginal grooves. Webbing reaches discs on Toes 1–3 and 5, and to half-way between penultimate tubercle and disc on Toe 4. Inner metatarsal tubercle and subarticular tubercles prominent (
<figureCitation id="13422A5BD474FF92A7AF443B0A89F809" box="[673,762,1911,1937]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1709,1733]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,453,1686]" captionTargetId="figure-145@3.[151,1436,453,1686]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Details of holotype of Litoria lubisi sp. nov. holotype (MZB Amph. 13.358), A) ventral view of fingers and webbing, B) ventral view of toes and webbing, C) nuptial excrescences, and D) hidden colouration of thighs. All photographs by S.J. Richards." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4574004" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4574004/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="119">Fig. 2B</figureCitation>
). Relative lengths of toes 4&gt;5&gt;3&gt;2&gt;1.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC636DED474FF93A5C944D70C3DFE35" blockId="2.[151,1437,1551,2009]" lastBlockId="3.[151,1437,151,429]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="120" pageId="2" pageNumber="119">
In life, dorsal and upper-lateral surfaces of torso and head uniformly green without any pattern; tympanic membrane with a distinct unpigmented U-shaped region (
<figureCitation id="13422A5BD474FF92A7D344F30B6DF841" box="[733,798,1983,2009]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1444,1468]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,561,1421]" captionTargetId="figure-196@2.[151,1436,561,1421]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Litoria lubisi sp. nov. holotype (MZB Amph. 13.358) from near Timika, Indonesia, in life. Photograph S.J. Richards." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4574002" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4574002/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="119">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
); mid-lateral surfaces of torso yellow with extensive pale blue reticulations along skin creases; ventral surfaces of torso and inner surfaces of limbs yellow or yellowish brown (
<figureCitation id="13422A5BD475FF93A5AE43F70889FF4D" box="[160,250,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1709,1733]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,453,1686]" captionTargetId="figure-145@3.[151,1436,453,1686]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Details of holotype of Litoria lubisi sp. nov. holotype (MZB Amph. 13.358), A) ventral view of fingers and webbing, B) ventral view of toes and webbing, C) nuptial excrescences, and D) hidden colouration of thighs. All photographs by S.J. Richards." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4574004" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4574004/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="120">Fig. 2D</figureCitation>
). Dorsal surfaces of digits light brown or yellowish green, ventral surface of digits yellowish, except discs unpigmented; webbing light purplish-blue, nuptial excrescences light brown. Dermal ridges on, and posterior edges of, forearm and hindlimb yellowish white. Labial stripe indistinct, pale yellow, extending to approximately level with posterior edge of eye. Lower half of nictitating membrane green, upper half clear with a dark-brown dorsal margin. Iris with light-grey base colouration, densely stippled with light brown to give an overall reddish-brown appearance, with scattered sparse darker-brown vermiculations; sclera with thin dark-brown inner ring and slightly wider pale-blue outer ring. Skin above eye with very thin pale yellowish-white band.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF066656D475FF93A59945E10957F895" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4574004" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4574004" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4574004/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="120" startId="3.[151,250,1709,1733]" targetBox="[151,1436,453,1686]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="8BC636DED475FF93A59945E10957F895" blockId="3.[151,1437,1709,1805]" pageId="3" pageNumber="120">
<emphasis id="B90DEACCD475FF93A59945E1097EF95D" bold="true" box="[151,269,1709,1733]" pageId="3" pageNumber="120">FIGURE 2</emphasis>
. Details of holotype of 
<taxonomicName id="4C794D5DD475FF93A70E45E20AF6F95D" authority="Oliver &amp; Günther &amp; Tjaturadi &amp; Richards, 2021" authorityName="Oliver &amp; Günther &amp; Tjaturadi &amp; Richards" authorityYear="2021" box="[512,645,1709,1733]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="120" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lubisi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B90DEACCD475FF93A70E45E20AF6F95D" box="[512,645,1709,1733]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="120">Litoria lubisi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B90DEACCD475FF93A78245E10AAEF95D" bold="true" box="[652,733,1709,1733]" pageId="3" pageNumber="120">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23E57B7D475FF93A78245E10AAEF95D" box="[652,733,1709,1733]" pageId="3" pageNumber="120" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
holotype (MZB Amph. 13.358), A) ventral view of fingers and webbing, B) ventral view of toes and webbing, C) nuptial excrescences, and D) hidden colouration of thighs. All photographs by S.J. Richards.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BC636DED475FF93A5C944700C59F87D" blockId="3.[151,1437,1851,2022]" pageId="3" pageNumber="120">In preservative, most dorsal and upper lateral surfaces mottled light to medium blue, including torso, head, outer forearms, shanks, Finger 4 and Toe 5; tympanic membrane heavily pigmented apart from broad U-shaped unpigmented mark; inner edge of forearm light buff, digits and webbing buff with faint purplish tinge. Lower lateral surfaces of torso buff with indistinct purplish-blue vermiculations. Ventral surfaces light buff and largely unpatterned, with exception of purplish tinge on webbing and digits, especially on feet.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC636DED472FF94A5C943DA09B4FF4C" blockId="4.[151,1437,150,717]" pageId="4" pageNumber="121">
<emphasis id="B90DEACCD472FF94A5C943DA0995FF28" bold="true" box="[199,486,150,176]" pageId="4" pageNumber="121">Summary meristic data.</emphasis>
SVL 69.1; TL 37.4; HW 26.5; HL 23.7; EYE 7.2; TYM 5.7; IN 5.7; EN 4.7; 3FD 4.9; 3FP 3.1; 4TD 4.2; 4TP 3.8.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC636DED472FF94A5C943920B13FD55" blockId="4.[151,1437,150,717]" pageId="4" pageNumber="121">
<emphasis id="B90DEACCD472FF94A5C9439209DDFF60" bold="true" box="[199,430,222,248]" pageId="4" pageNumber="121">Advertisement call.</emphasis>
The call of 
<taxonomicName id="4C794D5DD472FF94A73A43930AB5FF60" authority="Oliver &amp; Günther &amp; Tjaturadi &amp; Richards, 2021" authorityName="Oliver &amp; Günther &amp; Tjaturadi &amp; Richards" authorityYear="2021" box="[564,710,222,248]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="121" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lubisi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B90DEACCD472FF94A73A43930AB5FF60" box="[564,710,222,248]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="121">Litoria lubisi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B90DEACCD472FF94A7C343920B55FF60" bold="true" box="[717,806,222,248]" pageId="4" pageNumber="121">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23E57B7D472FF94A7C343920B55FF60" box="[717,806,222,248]" pageId="4" pageNumber="121" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
is a single rasping note, produced in long call series that can last at least five minutes without interruption. Fifty-four calls from a longer series produced by the 
<typeStatus id="54C2887CD472FF94A034424E0DEFFE84" box="[1338,1436,258,284]" pageId="4" pageNumber="121" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
at an air temperature of 26.5°C have a length of 0.18– 
<geoCoordinate id="EE4D5019D472FF94A7F4426A0B4DFED9" box="[762,830,294,321]" degrees="0.30" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="121" precision="555" value="-0.3">0.30 s</geoCoordinate>
(mean = 0.22, SD = 0.031) and were uttered over the course of 
<geoCoordinate id="EE4D5019D472FF94A4064206093FFEFD" box="[264,332,330,357]" degrees="66.7" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="121" precision="5555" value="-66.7">66.7 s</geoCoordinate>
at a rate of 0.79 calls/s. However, calls within the series tend to be ‘clumped’ into groups of 2–4 (
<figureCitation id="13422A5BD472FF94A5AE4222088BFE10" box="[160,248,366,392]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1150,1174]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,740,1123]" captionTargetId="figure-316@4.[184,1403,737,1127]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Calls of Litoria lubisi sp. nov.: A) oscillogram (top) and spectrogram (bottom) of fifteen consecutive calls of L. lubisi recorded at an air temperature of 26.5°C, illustrating clumped pattern of call production in a long series; B) expanded view of the last three calls of the series illustrated in A, showing pattern of energy distribution within each call." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4574006" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4574006/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="121">Fig. 3A</figureCitation>
), with intervals between calls ranging from 0.40– 
<geoCoordinate id="EE4D5019D472FF94A62E42220B12FE11" box="[800,865,366,393]" degrees="3.17" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="121" precision="555" value="-3.17">3.17 s</geoCoordinate>
(mean = 1.08, SD = 0.82). Energy increases gradually during each call, reaching maximum amplitude approximately halfway or slightly more than halfway through the call, before declining again (
<figureCitation id="13422A5BD472FF94A70A42FA0A2EFE48" box="[516,605,438,464]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1150,1174]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,740,1123]" captionTargetId="figure-316@4.[184,1403,737,1127]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Calls of Litoria lubisi sp. nov.: A) oscillogram (top) and spectrogram (bottom) of fifteen consecutive calls of L. lubisi recorded at an air temperature of 26.5°C, illustrating clumped pattern of call production in a long series; B) expanded view of the last three calls of the series illustrated in A, showing pattern of energy distribution within each call." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4574006" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4574006/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="121">Fig. 3B</figureCitation>
). Although call length is as much as 
<geoCoordinate id="EE4D5019D472FF94A6F142FA0C45FE49" box="[1023,1078,438,465]" degrees="0.3" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="121" precision="5555" value="-0.3">0.3 s</geoCoordinate>
, most energy is concentrated in the first 0.15– 
<geoCoordinate id="EE4D5019D472FF94A43C42960907FE6D" box="[306,372,474,501]" degrees="0.20" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="121" precision="555" value="-0.2">0.20 s</geoCoordinate>
of each call followed by an initially steep but then gradually more shallow decline in amplitude with a long, tapering ‘tail’ of low but detectable energy (e.g. 
<figureCitation id="13422A5BD472FF94A63F42B20BF4FD80" box="[817,903,510,536]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1150,1174]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,740,1123]" captionTargetId="figure-316@4.[184,1403,737,1127]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Calls of Litoria lubisi sp. nov.: A) oscillogram (top) and spectrogram (bottom) of fifteen consecutive calls of L. lubisi recorded at an air temperature of 26.5°C, illustrating clumped pattern of call production in a long series; B) expanded view of the last three calls of the series illustrated in A, showing pattern of energy distribution within each call." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4574006" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4574006/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="121">Fig. 3B</figureCitation>
). Dominant frequency ranges from 
<geoCoordinate id="EE4D5019D472FF94A01E42B20D3CFD80" box="[1296,1359,510,536]" degrees="1.480" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="121" precision="55" value="1.48">1.480</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE4D5019D472FF94A04142B20DEFFD80" box="[1359,1436,510,536]" degrees="1.838" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="121" precision="55" value="-1.838">–1.838</geoCoordinate>
kHz (mean = 1.651, SD = 80.794 among calls. Calls are finely pulsed, and pulses are uniformly distributed, but pulses are of differing intensity, including ‘primary’ (strong) and ‘secondary’ (weak) pulses (
<bibRefCitation id="EFE84B2FD472FF94A1B7410A0DE2FDF8" author="Kohler, J. &amp; Jansen, M. &amp; Rodriguez, A. &amp; Kok, P. J. R. &amp; Toledo, L. F. &amp; Emmrich, M. &amp; Glaw, F. &amp; Haddad, C. F. B. &amp; Rodel, M. - O. &amp; Vences, M." box="[1209,1425,582,608]" pageId="4" pageNumber="121" pagination="1 - 124" refId="ref5437" refString="Kohler, J., Jansen, M., Rodriguez, A., Kok, P. J. R., Toledo, L. F., Emmrich, M., Glaw, F., Haddad, C. F. B., Rodel, M. - O. &amp; Vences, M. (2017) The use of bioacoustics in anuran taxonomy: theory, terminology, methods and recommendations for best prac- tice. Zootaxa, 4251 (1), 1 - 124. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4251.1.1" type="journal article" year="2017">
Köhler 
<emphasis id="B90DEACCD472FF94A01F410B0D38FDF8" box="[1297,1355,582,608]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="121">et al.</emphasis>
2017
</bibRefCitation>
). Resolution of the secondary pulses in particular is insufficient to permit pulse counts within calls, particularly in the terminal half, so it has not been possible to calculate pulse rates within calls. To the human ear the call of 
<taxonomicName id="4C794D5DD472FF94A04E41C30DEFFD30" authority="Oliver &amp; Günther &amp; Tjaturadi &amp; Richards, 2021" authorityName="Oliver &amp; Günther &amp; Tjaturadi &amp; Richards" authorityYear="2021" box="[1344,1436,654,680]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="121" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lubisi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B90DEACCD472FF94A04E41C30DEFFD30" box="[1344,1436,654,680]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="121">L. lubisi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B90DEACCD472FF94A59941FE0882FD54" bold="true" box="[151,241,690,716]" pageId="4" pageNumber="121">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23E57B7D472FF94A59941FE0882FD54" box="[151,241,690,716]" pageId="4" pageNumber="121" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
resembles a rapidly repeated short, harsh, rasping note.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF066656D472FF94A59947320CB6FB47" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4574006" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4574006" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4574006/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="121" startId="4.[151,250,1150,1174]" targetBox="[189,1399,740,1123]" targetPageId="4">
<paragraph id="8BC636DED472FF94A59947320CB6FB47" blockId="4.[151,1437,1150,1247]" pageId="4" pageNumber="121">
<emphasis id="B90DEACCD472FF94A5994732097DFB0E" bold="true" box="[151,270,1150,1174]" pageId="4" pageNumber="121">FIGURE 3</emphasis>
. Calls of 
<taxonomicName id="4C794D5DD472FF94A47A47330989FB0F" authority="Oliver &amp; Günther &amp; Tjaturadi &amp; Richards, 2021" authorityName="Oliver &amp; Günther &amp; Tjaturadi &amp; Richards" authorityYear="2021" box="[372,506,1151,1175]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="121" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lubisi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B90DEACCD472FF94A47A47330989FB0F" box="[372,506,1151,1175]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="121">Litoria lubisi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23E57B7D472FF94A70C47330A25FB0E" box="[514,598,1151,1175]" pageId="4" pageNumber="121" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B90DEACCD472FF94A70C47330A3CFB0F" bold="true" box="[514,591,1151,1175]" pageId="4" pageNumber="121">sp. nov</emphasis>
.
</taxonomicNameLabel>
: A) oscillogram (top) and spectrogram (bottom) of fifteen consecutive calls of 
<taxonomicName id="4C794D5DD472FF94A086473308BCFB23" authorityName="Oliver &amp; Günther &amp; Tjaturadi &amp; Richards" authorityYear="2021" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="121" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lubisi">
<emphasis id="B90DEACCD472FF94A086473308BCFB23" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="121">L. lubisi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
recorded at an air temperature of 26.5°C, illustrating clumped pattern of call production in a long series; B) expanded view of the last three calls of the series illustrated in A, showing pattern of energy distribution within each call.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BC636DED472FF94A5C94641097AFA0B" blockId="4.[151,1437,1293,2040]" pageId="4" pageNumber="121">
<emphasis id="B90DEACCD472FF94A5C94641091EFABF" bold="true" box="[199,365,1293,1319]" pageId="4" pageNumber="121">Comparisons.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C794D5DD472FF94A47B46420A7AFABF" authority="Oliver &amp; Günther &amp; Tjaturadi &amp; Richards, 2021" authorityName="Oliver &amp; Günther &amp; Tjaturadi &amp; Richards" authorityYear="2021" box="[373,521,1293,1319]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="121" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lubisi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B90DEACCD472FF94A47B46420A7AFABF" box="[373,521,1293,1319]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="121">Litoria lubisi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B90DEACCD472FF94A71F46410A1FFABF" bold="true" box="[529,620,1293,1319]" pageId="4" pageNumber="121">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23E57B7D472FF94A71F46410A1FFABF" box="[529,620,1293,1319]" pageId="4" pageNumber="121" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
differs from all other 
<taxonomicName id="4C794D5DD472FF94A66746420BC4FABF" box="[873,951,1294,1319]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="121" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90DEACCD472FF94A66746420BC4FABF" box="[873,951,1294,1319]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="121">Litoria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
except taxa in the 
<taxonomicName id="4C794D5DD472FF94A19E46420D47FABF" box="[1168,1332,1293,1319]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="121" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="infrafrenata">
<emphasis id="B90DEACCD472FF94A19E46420D47FABF" box="[1168,1332,1293,1319]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="121">L. infrafrenata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group in having the following set of characters; adult size large (&gt; 
<quantity id="4C819B3BD472FF94A619467D0B16FAD3" box="[791,869,1329,1356]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="121" unit="mm" value="55.0">55 mm</quantity>
SVL), dorsal colouration uniform and green, paratoid glands not evident pupil horizontal, and webbing not extending to discs on the fingers, but extending discs on most toes.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC636DED472FF95A5C946D20B31FF61" blockId="4.[151,1437,1293,2040]" lastBlockId="5.[151,1436,151,249]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="122" pageId="4" pageNumber="121">
<taxonomicName id="4C794D5DD472FF94A5C946D2092AFA2F" authority="Oliver &amp; Günther &amp; Tjaturadi &amp; Richards, 2021" authorityName="Oliver &amp; Günther &amp; Tjaturadi &amp; Richards" authorityYear="2021" box="[199,345,1437,1463]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="121" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lubisi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B90DEACCD472FF94A5C946D2092AFA2F" box="[199,345,1437,1463]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="121">Litoria lubisi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B90DEACCD472FF94A46E46D109CBFA2F" bold="true" box="[352,440,1437,1463]" pageId="4" pageNumber="121">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23E57B7D472FF94A46E46D109CBFA2F" box="[352,440,1437,1463]" pageId="4" pageNumber="121" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13422A5BD472FF94A4C946D10A6EFA2F" box="[455,541,1437,1463]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1145,1169]" captionTargetBox="[152,1435,275,1121]" captionTargetId="figure-69@5.[151,1436,273,1122]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Predominently green species in the L. infrafrenata Group in life. A) L. lubisi sp. nov., B) L. infrafrenata from the Kikori River Basin, Papua New Guinea, C) L. purpureolata from the Cyclops Mountains, Indonesia, and D) L. sanguinolenta from the Timika area, Indonesia. All photographs by S.J. Richards." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4574010" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4574010/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="121">Fig. 4A</figureCitation>
) differs from the four other species in the 
<taxonomicName id="4C794D5DD472FF94A6E146D20CE1FA2F" box="[1007,1170,1437,1463]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="121" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="infrafrenata">
<emphasis id="B90DEACCD472FF94A6E146D20CE1FA2F" box="[1007,1170,1437,1463]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="121">L. infrafrenata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Group as follows: from 
<taxonomicName id="4C794D5DD472FF94A599468E0949FA43" box="[151,314,1473,1499]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="121" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="infrafrenata">
<emphasis id="B90DEACCD472FF94A599468E0949FA43" box="[151,314,1473,1499]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="121">L. infrafrenata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="13422A5BD472FF94A446468D09EEFA43" box="[328,413,1473,1499]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1145,1169]" captionTargetBox="[152,1435,275,1121]" captionTargetId="figure-69@5.[151,1436,273,1122]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Predominently green species in the L. infrafrenata Group in life. A) L. lubisi sp. nov., B) L. infrafrenata from the Kikori River Basin, Papua New Guinea, C) L. purpureolata from the Cyclops Mountains, Indonesia, and D) L. sanguinolenta from the Timika area, Indonesia. All photographs by S.J. Richards." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4574010" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4574010/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="121">Fig. 4B</figureCitation>
) by having sides yellow suffused with pale blue (versus plain light yellow or off white), pale labial stripe indistinct, ending before posterior edge of lower jaw (versus distinct and extending to tympanum), and advertisement call a single rasping note lasting 0.18– 
<geoCoordinate id="EE4D5019D472FF94A7EF45450B50F9BB" box="[737,803,1545,1571]" degrees="0.30" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="121" precision="555" value="-0.3">0.30 s</geoCoordinate>
(versus call comprising two notes lasting in total ~ 
<geoCoordinate id="EE4D5019D472FF94A05D45450DE5F9BB" box="[1363,1430,1545,1571]" degrees="0.11" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="121" precision="555" value="-0.11">0.11 s</geoCoordinate>
, each note lasting 0.04– 
<geoCoordinate id="EE4D5019D472FF94A49745610998F9DF" box="[409,491,1581,1608]" degrees="0.045" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="121" precision="55" value="-0.045">0.045 s</geoCoordinate>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFE84B2FD472FF94A4F945610A83F9DF" author="De la Riva, I. &amp; Bosch, J. &amp; Marquez, R." box="[503,752,1581,1607]" pageId="4" pageNumber="121" pagination="173 - 178" refId="ref5256" refString="De la Riva, I., Bosch, J. &amp; Marquez, R. (2004) The advertisement calls of two New Guinean species of Litoria (Amphibia, Anura, Hylidae). Amphibia-Reptilia, 25, 173 - 178. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / 1568538041231175" type="journal article" year="2004">
De la Riva 
<emphasis id="B90DEACCD472FF94A77A45620ADFF9DF" box="[628,684,1581,1607]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="121">et al.</emphasis>
2004
</bibRefCitation>
); from 
<taxonomicName id="4C794D5DD472FF94A63145620BA1F9DF" authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="2004" box="[831,978,1581,1607]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="121" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="multicolor">
<emphasis id="B90DEACCD472FF94A63145620BA1F9DF" box="[831,978,1581,1607]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="121">L. multicolor</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in its larger size (adult male SVL 
<quantity id="4C819B3BD472FF94A04045610DEEF9DF" box="[1358,1437,1581,1607]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.9" pageId="4" pageNumber="121" unit="mm" value="69.0">69 mm</quantity>
versus SVL of 
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, n = 14; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFE84B2FD472FF94A733451D0AA9F9F3" author="Gunther, R." box="[573,730,1617,1643]" pageId="4" pageNumber="121" pagination="251 - 260" refId="ref5311" refString="Gunther, R. (2004) Description of a new treefrog species from western New Guinea showing extreme colour polymorphism (Anura, Hylidae, Litoria). Zoosystematics and Evolution, 80, 251 - 260. https: // doi. org / 10.1002 / mmnz. 20040800205" type="journal article" year="2004">Günther 2004</bibRefCitation>
), dorsal colouration uniformly green (versus green, grey, brown or yellow, and often patterned with black spots), red spots on venter and thighs absent (versus present), webbing extending to beyond penultimate subarticular tubercle on Fingers 3 and 4 (versus ending at subarticular tubercle on Finger 4 and before subarticular tubercle on Finger 3), and advertisement call consisting of a single rasping note lasting 0.18– 
<geoCoordinate id="EE4D5019D472FF94A42645AD091FF963" box="[296,364,1761,1787]" degrees="0.30" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="121" precision="555" value="-0.3">0.30 s</geoCoordinate>
(versus ‘wooden rattles’ containing 7–10 notes and lasting 0.53– 
<geoCoordinate id="EE4D5019D472FF94A14745AD0CFDF963" box="[1097,1166,1761,1788]" degrees="0.86" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="121" precision="555" value="-0.86">0.86 s</geoCoordinate>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFE84B2FD472FF94A19545AD0D4FF963" author="Gunther, R." box="[1179,1340,1761,1787]" pageId="4" pageNumber="121" pagination="251 - 260" refId="ref5311" refString="Gunther, R. (2004) Description of a new treefrog species from western New Guinea showing extreme colour polymorphism (Anura, Hylidae, Litoria). Zoosystematics and Evolution, 80, 251 - 260. https: // doi. org / 10.1002 / mmnz. 20040800205" type="journal article" year="2004">Günther 2004</bibRefCitation>
); from 
<taxonomicName id="4C794D5DD472FF94A08345AE0959F887" authorityName="Oliver, Richards, Tjaturadi &amp; Iskandar" authorityYear="2007" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="121" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="purpureolata">
<emphasis id="B90DEACCD472FF94A08345AE0959F887" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="121">L purpureolata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="13422A5BD472FF94A435444909E1F887" box="[315,402,1797,1823]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1145,1169]" captionTargetBox="[152,1435,275,1121]" captionTargetId="figure-69@5.[151,1436,273,1122]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Predominently green species in the L. infrafrenata Group in life. A) L. lubisi sp. nov., B) L. infrafrenata from the Kikori River Basin, Papua New Guinea, C) L. purpureolata from the Cyclops Mountains, Indonesia, and D) L. sanguinolenta from the Timika area, Indonesia. All photographs by S.J. Richards." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4574010" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4574010/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="121">Fig. 4C</figureCitation>
) in having head broader (HW/SVL 0.38 versus 0.33–0.37; n = 10), discs wider (3FD/SVL 0.071 versus 
<geoCoordinate id="EE4D5019D472FF94A42144650903F8DC" box="[303,368,1833,1860]" degrees="0.054" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="121" precision="55" value="0.054">0.054</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE4D5019D472FF94A47E446509CDF8DC" box="[368,446,1833,1860]" degrees="0.066" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="121" precision="55" value="-0.066">–0.066</geoCoordinate>
; n = 10), venter yellow (versus purple), sides yellow suffused with purple (versus predominately purple), webbing extending distal to penultimate tubercle between Fingers 3 and 4 (versus ending at tubercle), and single-note rasping calls lasting 0.18– 
<geoCoordinate id="EE4D5019D472FF94A7EB443D0B5AF813" box="[741,809,1905,1931]" degrees="0.30" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="121" precision="555" value="-0.3">0.30 s</geoCoordinate>
at a rate of 0.79 calls/s (versus single-note calls lasting 0.11– 
<geoCoordinate id="EE4D5019D472FF94A5DB44D9096BF837" box="[213,280,1941,1967]" degrees="0.17" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="121" precision="555" value="-0.17">0.17 s</geoCoordinate>
uttered at a rate of 1.76 calls/s at the same temperature) (
<bibRefCitation id="EFE84B2FD472FF94A69544D90C2CF837" author="Oliver, P. &amp; Richards, S. J. &amp; Tjaturadi, B. &amp; Iskandar, D." box="[923,1119,1941,1967]" pageId="4" pageNumber="121" pagination="17 - 26" refId="ref5921" refString="Oliver, P., Richards, S. J., Tjaturadi, B. &amp; Iskandar, D. (2007) A new large green species of Litoria (Anura: Hylidae) from western New Guinea. Zootaxa, 1519 (1) 17 - 26. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 1519.1.2" type="journal article" year="2007">Oliver et al 2007</bibRefCitation>
); and from 
<taxonomicName id="4C794D5DD472FF94A1EE44DA0DEEF837" baseAuthorityName="Van Kampen" baseAuthorityYear="1909" box="[1248,1437,1941,1967]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="121" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sanguinolenta">
<emphasis id="B90DEACCD472FF94A1EE44DA0DEEF837" box="[1248,1437,1941,1967]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="121">L. sanguinolenta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="13422A5BD472FF94A5AE44F5088BF84B" box="[160,248,1977,2003]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1145,1169]" captionTargetBox="[152,1435,275,1121]" captionTargetId="figure-69@5.[151,1436,273,1122]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Predominently green species in the L. infrafrenata Group in life. A) L. lubisi sp. nov., B) L. infrafrenata from the Kikori River Basin, Papua New Guinea, C) L. purpureolata from the Cyclops Mountains, Indonesia, and D) L. sanguinolenta from the Timika area, Indonesia. All photographs by S.J. Richards." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4574010" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4574010/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="121">Fig. 4D</figureCitation>
) by its larger size (male SVL 
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versus maximum male SVL 
<quantity id="4C819B3BD472FF94A6E444F50C4FF84B" box="[1002,1084,1977,2004]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="121" unit="mm" value="55.0">55 mm</quantity>
; n = 10), latero-ventral regions of torso yellow with light purple reticulations (versus white), webbing extending beyond penultimate subarticular tubercle on Fingers 3 and 4 (versus ending at subarticular tubercle on Finger 4, and before subarticular tubercle on Finger 3) and advertisement call consisting of a single rasping note lasting 0.18– 
<geoCoordinate id="EE4D5019D473FF95A11F43F70C20FF4D" box="[1041,1107,187,213]" degrees="0.30" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="122" precision="555" value="-0.3">0.30 s</geoCoordinate>
(versus call consisting of 6–8 pulsed notes and lasting 0.31– 
<geoCoordinate id="EE4D5019D473FF95A4E743930A5CFF61" box="[489,559,223,249]" degrees="0.47" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="122" precision="555" value="-0.47">0.47 s</geoCoordinate>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFE84B2FD473FF95A73543930B45FF61" author="De la Riva, I. &amp; Bosch, J. &amp; Marquez, R." box="[571,822,223,249]" pageId="5" pageNumber="122" pagination="173 - 178" refId="ref5256" refString="De la Riva, I., Bosch, J. &amp; Marquez, R. (2004) The advertisement calls of two New Guinean species of Litoria (Amphibia, Anura, Hylidae). Amphibia-Reptilia, 25, 173 - 178. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / 1568538041231175" type="journal article" year="2004">
De la Riva 
<emphasis id="B90DEACCD473FF95A7B443930A81FF61" box="[698,754,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="122">et al.</emphasis>
2004
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF066656D473FF95A59947350B4EFB41" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4574010" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4574010" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4574010/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="122" startId="5.[151,250,1145,1169]" targetBox="[152,1435,275,1121]" targetPageId="5">
<paragraph id="8BC636DED473FF95A59947350B4EFB41" blockId="5.[151,1437,1145,1241]" pageId="5" pageNumber="122">
<emphasis id="B90DEACCD473FF95A59947350960FB09" bold="true" box="[151,275,1145,1169]" pageId="5" pageNumber="122">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
Predominently green species in the 
<taxonomicName id="4C794D5DD473FF95A78B47360B69FB09" box="[645,794,1145,1169]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="122" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="infrafrenata">
<emphasis id="B90DEACCD473FF95A78B47360B69FB09" box="[645,794,1145,1169]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="122">L. infrafrenata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Group in life. A) 
<taxonomicName id="4C794D5DD473FF95A6DF47360C57FB09" authority="Oliver &amp; Günther &amp; Tjaturadi &amp; Richards, 2021" authorityName="Oliver &amp; Günther &amp; Tjaturadi &amp; Richards" authorityYear="2021" box="[977,1060,1145,1169]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="122" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lubisi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B90DEACCD473FF95A6DF47360C57FB09" box="[977,1060,1145,1169]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="122">L. lubisi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B90DEACCD473FF95A12547350C0FFB09" bold="true" box="[1067,1148,1145,1169]" pageId="5" pageNumber="122">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23E57B7D473FF95A12547350C0FFB09" box="[1067,1148,1145,1169]" pageId="5" pageNumber="122" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, B) 
<taxonomicName id="4C794D5DD473FF95A1A447360D4CFB09" box="[1194,1343,1145,1169]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="122" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="infrafrenata">
<emphasis id="B90DEACCD473FF95A1A447360D4CFB09" box="[1194,1343,1145,1169]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="122">L. infrafrenata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the Kikori River Basin, Papua New Guinea, C) 
<taxonomicName id="4C794D5DD473FF95A75447D20A89FB2D" authorityName="Oliver, Richards, Tjaturadi &amp; Iskandar" authorityYear="2007" box="[602,762,1181,1205]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="122" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="purpureolata">
<emphasis id="B90DEACCD473FF95A75447D20A89FB2D" box="[602,762,1181,1205]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="122">L. purpureolata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the Cyclops Mountains, Indonesia, and D) 
<taxonomicName id="4C794D5DD473FF95A1FF47D20DEEFB2D" baseAuthorityName="Van Kampen" baseAuthorityYear="1909" box="[1265,1437,1181,1205]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="122" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sanguinolenta">
<emphasis id="B90DEACCD473FF95A1FF47D20DEEFB2D" box="[1265,1437,1181,1205]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="122">L. sanguinolenta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the Timika area, Indonesia. All photographs by S.J. Richards.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BC636DED473FF96A5C946440B27FE12" blockId="5.[151,1437,1287,2034]" lastBlockId="6.[151,1437,151,646]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="123" pageId="5" pageNumber="122">
<taxonomicName id="4C794D5DD473FF95A5C946440928FAB9" authority="Oliver &amp; Günther &amp; Tjaturadi &amp; Richards, 2021" authorityName="Oliver &amp; Günther &amp; Tjaturadi &amp; Richards" authorityYear="2021" box="[199,347,1287,1313]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="122" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lubisi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B90DEACCD473FF95A5C946440928FAB9" box="[199,347,1287,1313]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="122">Litoria lubisi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B90DEACCD473FF95A46A464B09CDFAB9" bold="true" box="[356,446,1287,1313]" pageId="5" pageNumber="122">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23E57B7D473FF95A46A464B09CDFAB9" box="[356,446,1287,1313]" pageId="5" pageNumber="122" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
is also similar in size and build to members of the 
<taxonomicName id="4C794D5DD473FF95A10946440CE2FAB9" baseAuthorityName="Boulenger" baseAuthorityYear="1905" box="[1031,1169,1288,1313]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="122" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="graminea">
<emphasis id="B90DEACCD473FF95A10946440CE2FAB9" box="[1031,1169,1288,1313]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="122">L. graminea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Group but differs from all known species in that group by having webbing on hands not extending to penultimate tubercle on inner side of Finger 3 (versus extending beyond penultimate tubercle). 
<taxonomicName id="4C794D5DD473FF95A64F461C0BA7FAF1" authority="Oliver &amp; Günther &amp; Tjaturadi &amp; Richards, 2021" authorityName="Oliver &amp; Günther &amp; Tjaturadi &amp; Richards" authorityYear="2021" box="[833,980,1359,1385]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="122" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lubisi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B90DEACCD473FF95A64F461C0BA7FAF1" box="[833,980,1359,1385]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="122">Litoria lubisi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B90DEACCD473FF95A6D246030C45FAF1" bold="true" box="[988,1078,1359,1385]" pageId="5" pageNumber="122">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23E57B7D473FF95A6D246030C45FAF1" box="[988,1078,1359,1385]" pageId="5" pageNumber="122" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
further differs from 
<taxonomicName id="4C794D5DD473FF95A011461C09DFFA15" authority="Richards &amp; Oliver, 2006" authorityName="Richards &amp; Oliver" authorityYear="2006" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="122" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dux">
<emphasis id="B90DEACCD473FF95A011461C0DEFFAF1" box="[1311,1436,1359,1385]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="122">Litoria dux</emphasis>
Richards &amp; Oliver, 
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</taxonomicName>
in having nuptial pads elongate and larger than disc on Finger 1 (versus rounded and half size of disc), iris reddish brown (versus white and reddish), and advertisement calls produced at much shorter intervals (every 0.4– 
<geoCoordinate id="EE4D5019D473FF95A44546F709F3FA4E" box="[331,384,1467,1494]" degrees="3.2" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="122" precision="5555" value="-3.2">3.2 s</geoCoordinate>
versus every 7–30 s) at similar temperatures, with evenly distributed (versus clumped) pulses (Richards &amp; Oliver 2006); from 
<taxonomicName id="4C794D5DD473FF95A70546AC0B18FA62" authority="(Boulenger, 1905)" baseAuthorityName="Boulenger" baseAuthorityYear="1905" box="[523,875,1503,1530]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="122" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="graminea">
<emphasis id="B90DEACCD473FF95A70546AC0AE6FA61" box="[523,661,1504,1529]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="122">L. graminea</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFE84B2FD473FF95A7AB46930B10FA62" author="Boulenger, G. A." box="[677,867,1503,1530]" pageId="5" pageNumber="122" pagination="180 - 184" refId="ref5204" refString="Boulenger, G. A. (1905) Descriptions of new tailless batrachians in the collections of the British Museum. Annals of the Magazine of Natural History, Series 7, 16 (92), 180 - 184. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 03745480509443666" type="journal article" year="1905">Boulenger, 1905</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
by having nuptial pads elongate, larger than disc on Finger 1 (versus rounded and half size of disc), iris reddish brown (versus ‘tan/pale gray with red margin, finely stippled with black’; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFE84B2FD473FF95A48D45640A7BF9D9" author="Kraus, F." box="[387,520,1575,1602]" pageId="5" pageNumber="122" pagination="264 - 284" refId="ref5545" refString="Kraus, F. (2018) Taxonomy of Litoria graminea (Anura: Hylidae), with descriptions of two closely related new species. Zootaxa, 4457 (2), 264 - 284. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4457.2.3" type="journal article" year="2018">Kraus 2018</bibRefCitation>
), and the sole specimen lacks deep skin creases extending to shoulder (versus usually present); from 
<taxonomicName id="4C794D5DD473FF95A46145000BB8F9FD" authority="Richards, Oliver, Dahl &amp; Tjaturadi 2006" authorityName="Richards, Oliver, Dahl &amp; Tjaturadi" authorityYear="2006" box="[367,971,1611,1637]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="122" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="huntorum">
<emphasis id="B90DEACCD473FF95A46145000989F9FD" box="[367,506,1611,1637]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="122">L. huntorum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFE84B2FD473FF95A70F45070BB8F9FD" author="Richards, S. J. &amp; Oliver, P. &amp; Dahl, C. &amp; Tjaturadi, B." box="[513,971,1611,1637]" pageId="5" pageNumber="122" pagination="57 - 68" refId="ref6028" refString="Richards, S. J., Oliver, P., Dahl, C. &amp; Tjaturadi, B. (2006) A new species of large green treefrog (Anura: Hylidae: Litoria) from northern New Guinea. Zootaxa, 1208 (1), 57 - 68. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 1208.1.4" type="journal article" year="2006">Richards, Oliver, Dahl &amp; Tjaturadi 2006</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, by iris reddish brown (versus white with reddish outer rim), size larger (male SVL 
<quantity id="4C819B3BD473FF95A77645230ABAF912" box="[632,713,1647,1674]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.9" pageId="5" pageNumber="122" unit="mm" value="69.0">69 mm</quantity>
versus 
<quantity id="4C819B3BD473FF95A62C45230BD3F912" box="[802,928,1647,1674]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.65" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="5.3" pageId="5" pageNumber="122" unit="mm" value="56.5" valueMax="60.0" valueMin="53.0">53–60 mm</quantity>
; n = 5), lateral edges of venter and webbing yellow suffused with purplish-blue (versus orange), indistinct labial stripe ending before rictus (versus extending to below tympanum), and advertisement call a short, rasping note lasting 0.18– 
<geoCoordinate id="EE4D5019D473FF95A11145FB0C17F94A" box="[1055,1124,1719,1746]" degrees="0.30" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="122" precision="555" value="-0.3">0.30 s</geoCoordinate>
(versus long guttural grunt lasting 0.7– 
<geoCoordinate id="EE4D5019D473FF95A41245970926F96E" box="[284,341,1755,1782]" degrees="0.9" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="122" precision="5555" value="-0.9">0.9 s</geoCoordinate>
; Richards 
<emphasis id="B90DEACCD473FF95A4DE45900A78F96D" box="[464,523,1755,1781]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="122">et al.</emphasis>
2006); from 
<taxonomicName id="4C794D5DD473FF95A7AB45900BABF96D" authority="Kraus, 2018" authorityName="Kraus" authorityYear="2018" box="[677,984,1755,1782]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="122" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nullicedens">
<emphasis id="B90DEACCD473FF95A7AB45900B37F96D" box="[677,836,1755,1781]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="122">L. nullicedens</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFE84B2FD473FF95A64345900BABF96D" author="Kraus, F." box="[845,984,1755,1782]" pageId="5" pageNumber="122" pagination="264 - 284" refId="ref5545" refString="Kraus, F. (2018) Taxonomy of Litoria graminea (Anura: Hylidae), with descriptions of two closely related new species. Zootaxa, 4457 (2), 264 - 284. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4457.2.3" type="journal article" year="2018">Kraus, 2018</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
by nuptial pads elongate (versus round and small), labial stripe weak, white (versus absent), iris predominately reddish brown (versus reticulated black and dark brown), nictitating membrane without flecking (versus present), and sides, abdomen, and webbing of hands and feet yellow and purple (versus bright orange-red; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFE84B2FD473FF95A7F444040BF1F8F9" author="Kraus, F." box="[762,898,1863,1890]" pageId="5" pageNumber="122" pagination="264 - 284" refId="ref5545" refString="Kraus, F. (2018) Taxonomy of Litoria graminea (Anura: Hylidae), with descriptions of two closely related new species. Zootaxa, 4457 (2), 264 - 284. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4457.2.3" type="journal article" year="2018">Kraus 2018</bibRefCitation>
); from 
<taxonomicName id="4C794D5DD473FF95A6DB44040D57F8F9" authority="Kraus, 2018" authorityName="Kraus" authorityYear="2018" box="[981,1316,1863,1890]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="122" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pallidofemora">
<emphasis id="B90DEACCD473FF95A6DB44040CE1F8F9" box="[981,1170,1863,1889]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="122">L. pallidofemora</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFE84B2FD473FF95A19444040D57F8F9" author="Kraus, F." box="[1178,1316,1863,1890]" pageId="5" pageNumber="122" pagination="264 - 284" refId="ref5545" refString="Kraus, F. (2018) Taxonomy of Litoria graminea (Anura: Hylidae), with descriptions of two closely related new species. Zootaxa, 4457 (2), 264 - 284. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4457.2.3" type="journal article" year="2018">Kraus, 2018</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
by having a narrower snout (EN/IN = 0.82 versus 0.97–1.04; n = 6, 
<bibRefCitation id="EFE84B2FD473FF95A61044200BD7F81D" author="Kraus, F." box="[798,932,1899,1926]" pageId="5" pageNumber="122" pagination="264 - 284" refId="ref5545" refString="Kraus, F. (2018) Taxonomy of Litoria graminea (Anura: Hylidae), with descriptions of two closely related new species. Zootaxa, 4457 (2), 264 - 284. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4457.2.3" type="journal article" year="2018">Kraus 2018</bibRefCitation>
), lateral edges of venter and webbing yellow suffused with purplish-blue (versus yellow or orange), and iris predominately reddish-brown (versus tan or reddish with a wide black outer margin), and may also be a smaller species (adult male SVL 
<quantity id="4C819B3BD473FF95A13344FF0CD3F856" box="[1085,1184,1971,1998]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.909999999999999" pageId="5" pageNumber="122" unit="mm" value="69.1">69.1 mm</quantity>
versus 
<quantity id="4C819B3BD473FF95A1FD44FF0DEBF856" box="[1267,1432,1971,1998]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.659999999999999" metricValueMax="7.97" metricValueMin="7.35" pageId="5" pageNumber="122" unit="mm" value="76.6" valueMax="79.7" valueMin="73.5">73.5–79.7 mm</quantity>
; n = 6), although larger sample sizes are required to confirm this; from 
<taxonomicName id="4C794D5DD473FF96A694449408BCFF29" authority="Oliver, Donnellan &amp; Richards, 2019" authorityName="Oliver, Donnellan &amp; Richards" authorityYear="2019" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="123" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="122" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pterodactyla">
<emphasis id="B90DEACCD473FF95A69444940C37F869" box="[922,1092,2007,2033]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="122">L. pterodactyla</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFE84B2FD473FF96A147449B08BCFF29" author="Oliver, P. M. &amp; Richards, S. J. &amp; Donnellan, S. C." lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="123" pageId="5" pageNumber="122" pagination="469 - 484" refId="ref5781" refString="Oliver, P. M., Richards, S. J. &amp; Donnellan, S. C. (2019 b) Two new species of treefrog (Pelodrydidae: Litoria) from southern New Guinea elucidated by DNA barcoding. Zootaxa, 4609 (3), 469 - 484. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4609.3.4" type="journal article" year="2019">Oliver, Donnellan &amp; Richards, 2019</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
by its venter and webbing yellow suffused with light blue (versus overall blue), calls shorter (0.18–3.0 versus 0.95– 
<geoCoordinate id="EE4D5019D470FF96A5D743F60969FF4D" box="[217,282,186,213]" degrees="1.01" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="123" precision="555" value="-1.01">1.01 s</geoCoordinate>
) with uniformly distributed (versus clumped) pulses (S. Richards unpublished data from four calls associated with the 
<taxonomicName id="4C794D5DD470FF96A46E43930A7FFF61" authorityName="Oliver, Donnellan &amp; Richards" authorityYear="2019" box="[352,524,223,249]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="123" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pterodactyla">
<emphasis id="B90DEACCD470FF96A46E43930A7FFF61" box="[352,524,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="123">L. pterodactyla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<typeStatus id="54C2887CD470FF96A71D43930A06FF61" box="[531,629,223,249]" pageId="6" pageNumber="123" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
that are of insufficient quality for more detailed analysis); and from 
<taxonomicName id="4C794D5DD470FF96A08843930A74FE85" authority="Richards &amp; Oliver, 2006" authorityName="Richards &amp; Oliver" authorityYear="2006" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="123" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sauroni">
<emphasis id="B90DEACCD470FF96A0884393089FFE84" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="123">L. sauroni</emphasis>
Richards &amp; Oliver, 
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</taxonomicName>
in having iris reddish-brown (versus with red and black vermiculations), pigment flecks across lower eyelid absent (versus present), nuptial pads elongate (versus small and round), and advertisement calls with much shorter intervals (every 0.4– 
<geoCoordinate id="EE4D5019D470FF96A7DA42070B79FEFD" box="[724,778,331,357]" degrees="3.2" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="123" precision="5555" value="-3.2">3.2 s</geoCoordinate>
versus every 7–30 s) at similar temperatures, with evenly distributed (versus clumped) pulses (Richards &amp; Oliver 2006).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3636555D470FF96A5C942DE0A4EF966" pageId="6" pageNumber="123" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BC636DED470FF96A5C942DE0ACFFD1E" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,646]" pageId="6" pageNumber="123">
<emphasis id="B90DEACCD470FF96A5C942DE0A23FE34" bold="true" box="[199,592,402,429]" pageId="6" pageNumber="123">Distribution and natural history.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C794D5DD470FF96A75942DF0A99FE35" authority="Oliver &amp; Günther &amp; Tjaturadi &amp; Richards, 2021" authorityName="Oliver &amp; Günther &amp; Tjaturadi &amp; Richards" authorityYear="2021" box="[599,746,403,429]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="123" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lubisi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B90DEACCD470FF96A75942DF0A99FE35" box="[599,746,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="123">Litoria lubisi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B90DEACCD470FF96A7FC42DF0B3FFE35" bold="true" box="[754,844,403,429]" pageId="6" pageNumber="123">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23E57B7D470FF96A7FC42DF0B3FFE35" box="[754,844,403,429]" pageId="6" pageNumber="123" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
is currently known only from a single locality south of Timika in 
<collectingRegion id="49BDF83CD470FF96A42742FB09A9FE49" box="[297,474,439,465]" country="Indonesia" name="Papua Barat" pageId="6" pageNumber="123">Papua Province</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingCountry id="F36E764ED470FF96A4E842FB0A20FE49" box="[486,595,439,465]" name="Indonesia" pageId="6" pageNumber="123">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
(
<figureCitation id="13422A5BD470FF96A76C42FB0AD5FE49" box="[610,678,438,465]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1514,1538]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,669,1491]" captionTargetId="figure-256@6.[151,1436,669,1491]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 5. Distribution of species in the Litoria infrafrenata Group: L. lubisi sp. nov. (red star); L. sanguinolenta (green squares): L. multicolor (purple circle); L. purpureolata (blue triangles); and L. infrafrenata (orange outline spanning from Australia, New Guinea and eastern Wallacea)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4574012" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4574012/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="123">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
). The single animal was calling from ~ 
<quantity id="4C819B3BD470FF96A15342FB0CFBFE49" box="[1117,1160,439,465]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="123" unit="m" value="8.0">8 m</quantity>
high between the fronds of a Sago Palm 
<taxonomicName id="4C794D5DD470FF96A44142970A02FE6D" authority="Rottboll" authorityName="Rottboll" box="[335,625,475,501]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Metroxylon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="6" pageNumber="123" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sagu">
<emphasis id="B90DEACCD470FF96A44142970A7EFE6C" box="[335,525,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="123">Metroxylon sagu</emphasis>
Rottbøll
</taxonomicName>
at night in a densely vegetated, flooded swamp. One other animal was heard calling nearby but the deep water and spiny vegetation prevented its capture. It was producing a vocalisation that to the ear was indistinguishable from that produced by the 
<typeStatus id="54C2887CD470FF96A65A416F0BC9FDA5" box="[852,954,547,573]" pageId="6" pageNumber="123" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
. This species probably breeds in these lowland rainforest swamps; it was not detected during extensive surveys in non-swamp rainforest habitats near the type locality (S. Richards and B. Tjaturadi pers. obs.).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF066656D470FF96A59946A60A31F9D2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4574012" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4574012" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4574012/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="123" startId="6.[151,250,1514,1538]" targetBox="[151,1436,669,1491]" targetPageId="6">
<paragraph id="8BC636DED470FF96A59946A60A31F9D2" blockId="6.[151,1436,1514,1610]" pageId="6" pageNumber="123">
<emphasis id="B90DEACCD470FF96A59946A60965F99A" bold="true" box="[151,278,1514,1538]" pageId="6" pageNumber="123">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
Distribution of species in the 
<taxonomicName id="4C794D5DD470FF96A75646A70B52F99A" box="[600,801,1514,1538]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="123" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="infrafrenata">
<emphasis id="B90DEACCD470FF96A75646A70B52F99A" box="[600,801,1514,1538]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="123">Litoria infrafrenata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Group: 
<taxonomicName id="4C794D5DD470FF96A67546A70BA3F99A" authority="Oliver &amp; Günther &amp; Tjaturadi &amp; Richards, 2021" authorityName="Oliver &amp; Günther &amp; Tjaturadi &amp; Richards" authorityYear="2021" box="[891,976,1514,1538]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="123" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lubisi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B90DEACCD470FF96A67546A70BA3F99A" box="[891,976,1514,1538]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="123">L. lubisi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B90DEACCD470FF96A6D446A60C5EF99A" bold="true" box="[986,1069,1514,1538]" pageId="6" pageNumber="123">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23E57B7D470FF96A6D446A60C5EF99A" box="[986,1069,1514,1538]" pageId="6" pageNumber="123" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(red star); 
<taxonomicName id="4C794D5DD470FF96A1AB46A70D20F99A" baseAuthorityName="Van Kampen" baseAuthorityYear="1909" box="[1189,1363,1514,1538]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="123" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sanguinolenta">
<emphasis id="B90DEACCD470FF96A1AB46A70D20F99A" box="[1189,1363,1514,1538]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="123">L. sanguinolenta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(green squares): 
<taxonomicName id="4C794D5DD470FF96A5F74543090DF9BE" authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="2004" box="[249,382,1550,1574]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="123" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="multicolor">
<emphasis id="B90DEACCD470FF96A5F74543090DF9BE" box="[249,382,1550,1574]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="123">L. multicolor</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(purple circle); 
<taxonomicName id="4C794D5DD470FF96A72F45430AB3F9BE" authorityName="Oliver, Richards, Tjaturadi &amp; Iskandar" authorityYear="2007" box="[545,704,1550,1574]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="123" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="purpureolata">
<emphasis id="B90DEACCD470FF96A72F45430AB3F9BE" box="[545,704,1550,1574]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="123">L. purpureolata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(blue triangles); and 
<taxonomicName id="4C794D5DD470FF96A69645430C5EF9BE" box="[920,1069,1550,1574]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="123" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="infrafrenata">
<emphasis id="B90DEACCD470FF96A69645430C5EF9BE" box="[920,1069,1550,1574]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="123">L. infrafrenata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(orange outline spanning from Australia, New Guinea and eastern Wallacea).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BC636DED470FF96A5C945340A4EF966" blockId="6.[151,1437,1656,1898]" pageId="6" pageNumber="123">
<emphasis id="B90DEACCD470FF96A5C94534099AF90A" bold="true" box="[199,489,1656,1682]" pageId="6" pageNumber="123">Suggested IUCN Status.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C794D5DD470FF96A4FF45350AF6F90A" authority="Oliver &amp; Günther &amp; Tjaturadi &amp; Richards, 2021" authorityName="Oliver &amp; Günther &amp; Tjaturadi &amp; Richards" authorityYear="2021" box="[497,645,1656,1682]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="123" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lubisi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B90DEACCD470FF96A4FF45350AF6F90A" box="[497,645,1656,1682]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="123">Litoria lubisi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B90DEACCD470FF96A78345350A9BF90B" bold="true" box="[653,744,1657,1683]" pageId="6" pageNumber="123">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23E57B7D470FF96A78345350A9BF90B" box="[653,744,1657,1683]" pageId="6" pageNumber="123" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
is only known from a single specimen. There are large areas of suitable lowland habitat across southern 
<collectingRegion id="49BDF83CD470FF96A78845D10B4AF92E" box="[646,825,1692,1719]" country="Indonesia" name="Papua Barat" pageId="6" pageNumber="123">Papua Province</collectingRegion>
, and human population density in most of this region remains low. However, until its distribution and potential threats (if any) are better documented, we suggest that the species be assessed at Data Deficient.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3636555D470FF96A5C944450AEBF8DF" pageId="6" pageNumber="123" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BC636DED470FF96A5C944450AEBF8DF" blockId="6.[151,1437,1656,1898]" pageId="6" pageNumber="123">
<emphasis id="B90DEACCD470FF96A5C944450921F8BB" bold="true" box="[199,338,1801,1827]" pageId="6" pageNumber="123">Etymology:</emphasis>
This species is named for Pak Rusdian Lubis in gratitude for his support of our field survey in the PT Freeport 
<collectingCountry id="F36E764ED470FF96A42A446009E2F8DE" box="[292,401,1836,1862]" name="Indonesia" pageId="6" pageNumber="123">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
Contract of Work area.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3636555D470FF97A599441C0CABFC75" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="124" pageId="6" pageNumber="123" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BC636DED470FF96A599441C0968F8F2" blockId="6.[151,1437,1656,1898]" box="[151,283,1872,1898]" pageId="6" pageNumber="123">
<emphasis id="B90DEACCD470FF96A599441C0968F8F2" bold="true" box="[151,283,1872,1898]" pageId="6" pageNumber="123">Discussion</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC636DED470FF97A59944D40992FE6E" blockId="6.[151,1437,1944,2043]" lastBlockId="7.[151,1437,151,1005]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="124" pageId="6" pageNumber="123">
The description of 
<taxonomicName id="4C794D5DD470FF96A46944D5098AF82A" authority="Oliver &amp; Günther &amp; Tjaturadi &amp; Richards, 2021" authorityName="Oliver &amp; Günther &amp; Tjaturadi &amp; Richards" authorityYear="2021" box="[359,505,1944,1970]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="123" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lubisi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B90DEACCD470FF96A46944D5098AF82A" box="[359,505,1944,1970]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="123">Litoria lubisi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B90DEACCD470FF96A4F144D50A24F82B" bold="true" box="[511,599,1945,1971]" pageId="6" pageNumber="123">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23E57B7D470FF96A4F144D50A24F82B" box="[511,599,1945,1971]" pageId="6" pageNumber="123" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
brings the number of recognised species in the 
<taxonomicName id="4C794D5DD470FF96A16F44D50C88F82B" box="[1121,1275,1945,1971]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="123" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="infrafrenata">
<emphasis id="B90DEACCD470FF96A16F44D50C88F82B" box="[1121,1275,1945,1971]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="123">L infrafrenata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Group to five. 
<taxonomicName id="4C794D5DD470FF96A59944F1095FF84E" authority="Oliver &amp; Günther &amp; Tjaturadi &amp; Richards, 2021" authorityName="Oliver &amp; Günther &amp; Tjaturadi &amp; Richards" authorityYear="2021" box="[151,300,1980,2006]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="123" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lubisi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B90DEACCD470FF96A59944F1095FF84E" box="[151,300,1980,2006]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="123">Litoria lubisi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B90DEACCD470FF96A43A44F109E3F84F" bold="true" box="[308,400,1981,2007]" pageId="6" pageNumber="123">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23E57B7D470FF96A43A44F109E3F84F" box="[308,400,1981,2007]" pageId="6" pageNumber="123" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C794D5DD470FF96A4C744F10A2EF84E" authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="2004" box="[457,605,1980,2006]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="123" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="multicolor">
<emphasis id="B90DEACCD470FF96A4C744F10A2EF84E" box="[457,605,1980,2006]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="123">L. multicolor</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have only been reported from their 
<typeStatus id="54C2887CD470FF96A6F244F10C5FF84F" box="[1020,1068,1981,2007]" pageId="6" pageNumber="123">type</typeStatus>
localities in the western portion of New 
<collectingCountry id="F36E764ED470FF96A5FD44AC0937F862" box="[243,324,2016,2042]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="6" pageNumber="123">Guinea</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFE84B2FD470FF96A45D44AC0986F863" author="Gunther, R." box="[339,501,2016,2043]" pageId="6" pageNumber="123" pagination="251 - 260" refId="ref5311" refString="Gunther, R. (2004) Description of a new treefrog species from western New Guinea showing extreme colour polymorphism (Anura, Hylidae, Litoria). Zoosystematics and Evolution, 80, 251 - 260. https: // doi. org / 10.1002 / mmnz. 20040800205" type="journal article" year="2004">Günther 2004</bibRefCitation>
; this paper) (
<figureCitation id="13422A5BD470FF96A78644AC0ABEF863" box="[648,717,2016,2043]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1514,1538]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,669,1491]" captionTargetId="figure-256@6.[151,1436,669,1491]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 5. Distribution of species in the Litoria infrafrenata Group: L. lubisi sp. nov. (red star); L. sanguinolenta (green squares): L. multicolor (purple circle); L. purpureolata (blue triangles); and L. infrafrenata (orange outline spanning from Australia, New Guinea and eastern Wallacea)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4574012" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4574012/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="123">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
). 
<taxonomicName id="4C794D5DD470FF96A7ED44AD0BBFF862" authorityName="Oliver, Richards, Tjaturadi &amp; Iskandar" authorityYear="2007" box="[739,972,2016,2042]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="123" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="purpureolata">
<emphasis id="B90DEACCD470FF96A7ED44AD0BBFF862" box="[739,972,2016,2042]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="123">Litoria purpureolata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C794D5DD470FF96A10A44AD0CB2F862" baseAuthorityName="Van Kampen" baseAuthorityYear="1909" box="[1028,1217,2016,2042]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="123" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sanguinolenta">
<emphasis id="B90DEACCD470FF96A10A44AD0CB2F862" box="[1028,1217,2016,2042]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="123">L. sanguinolenta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
occur more widely across Indonesian New 
<collectingCountry id="F36E764ED471FF97A49043DB099CFF29" box="[414,495,151,177]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="7" pageNumber="124">Guinea</collectingCountry>
and into far western 
<collectingCountry id="F36E764ED471FF97A7D843DB0BC3FF29" box="[726,944,151,177]" name="Papua New Guinea" pageId="7" pageNumber="124">Papua New Guinea</collectingCountry>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C794D5DD471FF97A6B743DB0CE1FF29" box="[953,1170,151,177]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="124" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="infrafrenata">
<emphasis id="B90DEACCD471FF97A6B743DB0CE1FF29" box="[953,1170,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="124">Litoria infrafrenata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a broad distribution across all of lowland New 
<collectingCountry id="F36E764ED471FF97A4CB43F70A6AFF4D" box="[453,537,187,213]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="7" pageNumber="124">Guinea</collectingCountry>
, far northern 
<collectingRegion id="49BDF83CD471FF97A7BF43F70B4BFF4D" box="[689,824,187,213]" country="Australia" name="Queensland" pageId="7" pageNumber="124">Queensland</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingCountry id="F36E764ED471FF97A64C43F70BDFFF4D" box="[834,940,187,213]" name="Australia" pageId="7" pageNumber="124">Australia</collectingCountry>
, and many nearby islands (
<figureCitation id="13422A5BD471FF97A1D343F70D51FF4D" box="[1245,1314,186,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1514,1538]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,669,1491]" captionTargetId="figure-256@6.[151,1436,669,1491]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 5. Distribution of species in the Litoria infrafrenata Group: L. lubisi sp. nov. (red star); L. sanguinolenta (green squares): L. multicolor (purple circle); L. purpureolata (blue triangles); and L. infrafrenata (orange outline spanning from Australia, New Guinea and eastern Wallacea)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4574012" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4574012/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="124">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
). The high proportion of species in the 
<taxonomicName id="4C794D5DD471FF97A4DE43930A07FF61" box="[464,628,223,249]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="124" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="infrafrenata">
<emphasis id="B90DEACCD471FF97A4DE43930A07FF61" box="[464,628,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="124">L. infrafrenata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Group recorded only from the western portion of New 
<collectingCountry id="F36E764ED471FF97A1EF43930D41FF61" box="[1249,1330,223,249]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="7" pageNumber="124">Guinea</collectingCountry>
contrasts with the morphologically and ecologically similar 
<taxonomicName id="4C794D5DD471FF97A7D3424F0B1AFE84" baseAuthorityName="Boulenger" baseAuthorityYear="1905" box="[733,873,259,284]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="124" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="graminea">
<emphasis id="B90DEACCD471FF97A7D3424F0B1AFE84" box="[733,873,259,284]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="124">L. graminea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Group, for which most diversity has been documented to the east in 
<collectingCountry id="F36E764ED471FF97A48D426B0A29FED9" box="[387,602,295,321]" name="Papua New Guinea" pageId="7" pageNumber="124">Papua New Guinea</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFE84B2FD471FF97A766426B0A9DFED9" author="Kraus, F." box="[616,750,295,321]" pageId="7" pageNumber="124" pagination="264 - 284" refId="ref5545" refString="Kraus, F. (2018) Taxonomy of Litoria graminea (Anura: Hylidae), with descriptions of two closely related new species. Zootaxa, 4457 (2), 264 - 284. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4457.2.3" type="journal article" year="2018">Kraus 2018</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFE84B2FD471FF97A7F7426B0BA3FEDA" author="Oliver, P. M. &amp; Richards, S. J. &amp; Donnellan, S. C." box="[761,976,295,322]" pageId="7" pageNumber="124" pagination="469 - 484" refId="ref5781" refString="Oliver, P. M., Richards, S. J. &amp; Donnellan, S. C. (2019 b) Two new species of treefrog (Pelodrydidae: Litoria) from southern New Guinea elucidated by DNA barcoding. Zootaxa, 4609 (3), 469 - 484. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4609.3.4" type="journal article" year="2019">
Oliver 
<emphasis id="B90DEACCD471FF97A649426B0B0CFED9" box="[839,895,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="124">et al.</emphasis>
2019b
</bibRefCitation>
). Assuming that these two species groups are monophyletic, this pattern suggests different geographic centres of historical diversification. Members of the 
<taxonomicName id="4C794D5DD471FF97A5994223094FFE11" box="[151,316,367,393]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="124" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="infrafrenata">
<emphasis id="B90DEACCD471FF97A5994223094FFE11" box="[151,316,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="124">L. infrafrenata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Group also appear to be more often associated with swampy lowland forest habitats where at least some taxa congregate near the forest floor, while members of the 
<taxonomicName id="4C794D5DD471FF97A66042DF0B85FE34" baseAuthorityName="Boulenger" baseAuthorityYear="1905" box="[878,1014,403,428]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="124" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="graminea">
<emphasis id="B90DEACCD471FF97A66042DF0B85FE34" box="[878,1014,403,428]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="124">L. graminea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Group are associated with lowland or hill forest habitats and are not observed in large numbers below the forest canopy (Richards &amp; Oliver 2006; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFE84B2FD471FF97A05742FB08A1FE6D" author="Kraus, F." pageId="7" pageNumber="124" pagination="264 - 284" refId="ref5545" refString="Kraus, F. (2018) Taxonomy of Litoria graminea (Anura: Hylidae), with descriptions of two closely related new species. Zootaxa, 4457 (2), 264 - 284. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4457.2.3" type="journal article" year="2018">Kraus 2018</bibRefCitation>
; S. Richards, pers. obs).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC636DED471FF97A5C942B30CABFC75" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1005]" pageId="7" pageNumber="124">
Recent fieldwork and taxonomic investigations have revealed that multiple species of large green treefrogs within both the 
<taxonomicName id="4C794D5DD471FF97A449416F09BCFDA4" baseAuthorityName="Boulenger" baseAuthorityYear="1905" box="[327,463,547,572]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="124" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="graminea">
<emphasis id="B90DEACCD471FF97A449416F09BCFDA4" box="[327,463,547,572]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="124">L. graminea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C794D5DD471FF97A70B416F0B72FDA5" authority="Groups" authorityName="Groups" box="[517,769,547,573]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="124" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="infrafrenata">
<emphasis id="B90DEACCD471FF97A70B416F0ADBFDA5" box="[517,680,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="124">L. infrafrenata</emphasis>
Groups
</taxonomicName>
have overlapping ranges across large areas of New 
<collectingCountry id="F36E764ED471FF97A04A416F0DEBFDA5" box="[1348,1432,547,573]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="7" pageNumber="124">Guinea</collectingCountry>
, especially south of the Central Cordillera. To the east in 
<collectingCountry id="F36E764ED471FF97A62D410B0C73FDF9" box="[803,1024,583,609]" name="Papua New Guinea" pageId="7" pageNumber="124">Papua New Guinea</collectingCountry>
this includes three species in the 
<taxonomicName id="4C794D5DD471FF97A088410B0971FD1C" baseAuthorityName="Boulenger" baseAuthorityYear="1905" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="124" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="graminea">
<emphasis id="B90DEACCD471FF97A088410B0971FD1C" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="124">L. graminea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Group (
<taxonomicName id="4C794D5DD471FF97A46E41270A68FD1D" authorityName="Kraus" authorityYear="2018" box="[352,539,619,645]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="124" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pallidofemora">
<emphasis id="B90DEACCD471FF97A46E41270A68FD1D" box="[352,539,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="124">L. pallidofemora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C794D5DD471FF97A72641270AA1FD1D" authorityName="Oliver, Donnellan &amp; Richards" authorityYear="2019" box="[552,722,619,645]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="124" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pterodactyla">
<emphasis id="B90DEACCD471FF97A72641270AA1FD1D" box="[552,722,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="124">L. pterodactyla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C794D5DD471FF97A60841270B0BFD1C" authorityName="Richards &amp; Oliver" authorityYear="2006" box="[774,888,619,644]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="124" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sauroni">
<emphasis id="B90DEACCD471FF97A60841270B0BFD1C" box="[774,888,619,644]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="124">L. sauroni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) that are relatively similar in body size (Richards &amp; Oliver 2006; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFE84B2FD471FF97A44741C309BDFD31" author="Kraus, F." box="[329,462,655,681]" pageId="7" pageNumber="124" pagination="264 - 284" refId="ref5545" refString="Kraus, F. (2018) Taxonomy of Litoria graminea (Anura: Hylidae), with descriptions of two closely related new species. Zootaxa, 4457 (2), 264 - 284. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4457.2.3" type="journal article" year="2018">Kraus 2018</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFE84B2FD471FF97A4D441C30AC1FD32" author="Oliver, P. M. &amp; Richards, S. J. &amp; Donnellan, S. C." box="[474,690,655,682]" pageId="7" pageNumber="124" pagination="469 - 484" refId="ref5781" refString="Oliver, P. M., Richards, S. J. &amp; Donnellan, S. C. (2019 b) Two new species of treefrog (Pelodrydidae: Litoria) from southern New Guinea elucidated by DNA barcoding. Zootaxa, 4609 (3), 469 - 484. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4609.3.4" type="journal article" year="2019">
Oliver 
<emphasis id="B90DEACCD471FF97A72641C30A13FD31" box="[552,608,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="124">et al.</emphasis>
2019b
</bibRefCitation>
). These are all highly arboreal, and their breeding ecology remains poorly understood. With the description of 
<taxonomicName id="4C794D5DD471FF97A77B41FF0B74FD55" authority="Oliver &amp; Günther &amp; Tjaturadi &amp; Richards, 2021" authorityName="Oliver &amp; Günther &amp; Tjaturadi &amp; Richards" authorityYear="2021" box="[629,775,691,717]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="124" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lubisi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B90DEACCD471FF97A77B41FF0B74FD55" box="[629,775,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="124">Litoria lubisi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B90DEACCD471FF97A60341FF0B15FD55" bold="true" box="[781,870,691,717]" pageId="7" pageNumber="124">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23E57B7D471FF97A60341FF0B15FD55" box="[781,870,691,717]" pageId="7" pageNumber="124" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, three species in the 
<taxonomicName id="4C794D5DD471FF97A14341FF0C9CFD55" box="[1101,1263,691,717]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="124" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="infrafrenata">
<emphasis id="B90DEACCD471FF97A14341FF0C9CFD55" box="[1101,1263,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="124">L. infrafrenata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Group are now also known from south of the cordillera in the western (Indonesian) portion of New 
<collectingCountry id="F36E764ED471FF97A150419B0CC0FD69" box="[1118,1203,727,753]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="7" pageNumber="124">Guinea</collectingCountry>
. These three species show clearer differentiation in size than species in the 
<taxonomicName id="4C794D5DD471FF97A60E41B70BF9FC8C" baseAuthorityName="Boulenger" baseAuthorityYear="1905" box="[768,906,763,789]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="124" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="graminea">
<emphasis id="B90DEACCD471FF97A60E41B70B63FC8C" box="[768,784,763,788]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="124">L</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B90DEACCD471FF97A61141B70BF9FC8C" box="[799,906,763,788]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="124">graminea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Group, providing at least one potential axis of ecological differentiation between these putatively related species. Furthermore, there is at least some evidence of habitat differentiation. 
<taxonomicName id="4C794D5DD471FF97A499400F0A5AFCC5" authority="Oliver &amp; Günther &amp; Tjaturadi &amp; Richards, 2021" authorityName="Oliver &amp; Günther &amp; Tjaturadi &amp; Richards" authorityYear="2021" box="[407,553,835,861]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="124" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lubisi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B90DEACCD471FF97A499400F0A5AFCC5" box="[407,553,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="124">Litoria lubisi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B90DEACCD471FF97A73E400F0AFAFCC5" bold="true" box="[560,649,835,861]" pageId="7" pageNumber="124">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23E57B7D471FF97A73E400F0AFAFCC5" box="[560,649,835,861]" pageId="7" pageNumber="124" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
has only been observed in flooded lowland swamp habitats dominated by Sago palm and 
<taxonomicName id="4C794D5DD471FF97A46A402B09A7FC19" box="[356,468,871,897]" class="Liliopsida" family="Pandanaceae" genus="Pandanus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pandanales" pageId="7" pageNumber="124" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90DEACCD471FF97A46A402B09A7FC19" box="[356,468,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="124">Pandanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species. This habitat 
<typeStatus id="54C2887CD471FF97A7CC402B0A81FC19" box="[706,754,871,897]" pageId="7" pageNumber="124">type</typeStatus>
is likely to be under-surveyed because it is often flooded, has few roads and supports large populations of both mosquitos and crocodiles, making it extremely difficult to access. In contrast 
<taxonomicName id="4C794D5DD471FF97A41940E309A7FC51" baseAuthorityName="Van Kampen" baseAuthorityYear="1909" box="[279,468,943,969]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="124" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sanguinolenta">
<emphasis id="B90DEACCD471FF97A41940E309A7FC51" box="[279,468,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="124">L. sanguinolenta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
breeds in shallow pools in flooded lowland rainforest (Richards pers. obs.), while the extremely large 
<taxonomicName id="4C794D5DD471FF97A443409F0983FC75" box="[333,496,979,1005]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="124" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="infrafrenata">
<emphasis id="B90DEACCD471FF97A443409F0983FC75" box="[333,496,979,1005]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="124">L. infrafrenata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is widespread and common in both natural and disturbed habitats.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>