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<document id="8692DB5C7777397190591B618E760BA6" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.199882" ID-GBIF-Dataset="efb4281f-a3cb-44f7-857e-75432dce8562" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="199882" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460347854172" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Constantino, Luis Miguel &amp; Salazar, Julian A." docDate="2010" docId="03CF8A540044FFD290FEFBEEFD7912C3" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02720p027.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2720" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Philaethria neildi subsp. neildi Constantino &amp; Salazar, n. sp." docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="14" masterDocId="FFF6F22C004FFFDF9069FF93FFC61337" masterDocTitle="A review of the Philaethria dido species complex (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Heliconiinae) and description of three new sibling species from Colombia and Venezuela" masterLastPageNumber="27" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="12" updateTime="1698265939421" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="94EDBE24AE5DCAB7C2585B7B4025B42D">A review of the Philaethria dido species complex (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Heliconiinae) and description of three new sibling species from Colombia and Venezuela</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="83DF8E92ECE2CB7E5F593209B18266B2">Constantino, Luis Miguel</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="94615EC86B809230B3E8EABF1B68830D">Salazar, Julian A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="087043D0048853BCC556C0C70817426F">2010</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="BB9A94D531FF29F7C84D85A770484E8E" type="volume">
<mods:number id="974FB0EA02FB7D8F4C08610476F1453C">2720</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="F9ABCF1C5F13DC127E49BB5DAF2F1207" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.199882</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="D882BAEE2FE42101616778036A155689" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="D07D2131C76009E68A93C668F7CE6D78" type="Zenodo-Dep">199882</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03CF8A540044FFD290FEFBEEFD7912C3" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6211187" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119407552" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6211187" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03CF8A540044FFD290FEFBEEFD7912C3" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03CF8A540044FFD290FEFBEEFD7912C3" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<subSubSection id="C37C68C90044FFD490FEFBEEFEDA178F" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BD93B420044FFD490FEFBEEFCED17A0" blockId="11.[151,811,1149,1208]" box="[151,811,1149,1175]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<heading id="D0918C2E0044FFD490FEFBEEFCED17A0" bold="true" box="[151,811,1149,1175]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B912E7500044FFD490FEFBEEFCED17A0" bold="true" box="[151,811,1149,1175]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<taxonomicName id="4C6640C10044FFD490FEFBEEFD1D17A0" authority="Constantino &amp; Salazar" authorityName="Constantino &amp; Salazar" box="[151,731,1149,1175]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Philaethria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="neildi" status="sp. nov." subSpecies="neildi">
<emphasis id="B912E7500044FFD490FEFBEEFE7017A0" bold="true" box="[151,438,1149,1175]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Philaethria neildi neildi</emphasis>
Constantino &amp; Salazar
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2215A2B0044FFD49281FBEEFCED17A0" box="[744,811,1149,1175]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD93B420044FFD490FEFB33FEDA178F" blockId="11.[151,811,1149,1208]" box="[151,284,1184,1208]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">(Fig. 13,14)</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37C68C90044FFD490FEFB71FBCC16C0" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BD93B420044FFD490FEFB71FBCC16C0" blockId="11.[151,1436,1250,2031]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<emphasis id="B912E7500044FFD490FEFB71FED717CC" bold="true" box="[151,273,1250,1275]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B912E7500044FFD49170FB77FEB717CC" box="[281,369,1251,1275]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">P. n e i l d i</emphasis>
is one of the largest
<taxonomicName id="4C6640C10044FFD4920BFB70FD2717CC" box="[610,737,1251,1275]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Philaethria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B912E7500044FFD4920BFB70FD2717CC" box="[610,737,1251,1275]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Philaethria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species reaching a wingspan of
<quantity id="4C9E96A70044FFD49438FB71FB0C17CD" box="[1105,1226,1250,1274]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.8" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="5.6" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="58.0" valueMax="60.0" valueMin="56.0">56–60 mm</quantity>
from base to apex (
<taxonomicName id="4C6640C10044FFD490C9FA9BFEE91628" box="[160,303,1287,1311]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Philaethria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="dido" subSpecies="dido">
<emphasis id="B912E7500044FFD490C9FA9BFEE91628" box="[160,303,1287,1311]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">P. dido dido</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a mean wingspan of
<quantity id="4C9E96A70044FFD4920DFA94FD7A1628" box="[612,700,1287,1311]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.9" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="49.0">49 mm</quantity>
).
<taxonomicName id="4C6640C10044FFD492BAFA9BFCF51628" box="[723,819,1287,1311]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Philaethria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="neildi">
<emphasis id="B912E7500044FFD492BAFA9BFCF51628" box="[723,819,1287,1311]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">P. neildi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is recognized from
<taxonomicName id="4C6640C10044FFD4944DFA9BFB721628" box="[1060,1204,1287,1311]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Philaethria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="dido" subSpecies="dido">
<emphasis id="B912E7500044FFD4944DFA9BFB721628" box="[1060,1204,1287,1311]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">P. dido dido</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the VHW inner postdiscal band terracotta, (red in
<taxonomicName id="4C6640C10044FFD49278FABFFD981674" box="[529,606,1323,1347]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Philaethria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dido">
<emphasis id="B912E7500044FFD49278FABFFD981674" box="[529,606,1323,1347]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">P. dido</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and brown in
<emphasis id="B912E7500044FFD4936DFABFFCA41674" box="[772,866,1324,1347]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">P. o s t a r a</emphasis>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C6640C10044FFD493F5FABFFBC21674" box="[924,1028,1323,1347]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Philaethria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="browni">
<emphasis id="B912E7500044FFD493F5FABFFBC21674" box="[924,1028,1323,1347]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">P. browni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), medial postdiscal band white, HW postcellular spots very large and FW postmedial green area very large. VHW submarginal cellular spots white and well developed and separated by a black line. DFW green subapical spot well developed. Discal, medial and postmedial green areas on ventral side of wings do not have silver reflection as in
<taxonomicName id="4C6640C10044FFD4943FFA0BFB631698" box="[1110,1189,1431,1455]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Philaethria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dido">
<emphasis id="B912E7500044FFD4943FFA0BFB631698" box="[1110,1189,1431,1455]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">P. dido</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. This species flies in premontane and montane forest habitats between
<quantity id="4C9E96A70044FFD492AFFA29FC9516E5" box="[710,851,1466,1490]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" metricValueMax="15.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="m" value="800.0" valueMax="1500.0" valueMin="100.0">100–1500 m</quantity>
along the Cordillera de Merida in
<collectingCountry id="F3717BD20044FFD494B2FA29FA8816E5" box="[1243,1358,1466,1490]" name="Venezuela" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
unlike
<taxonomicName id="4C6640C10044FFD490FEFA73FEDB16C0" box="[151,285,1503,1527]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Philaethria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="dido" subSpecies="dido">
<emphasis id="B912E7500044FFD490FEFA73FEDB16C0" box="[151,285,1503,1527]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">P. dido dido</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
that flies in lowland rain forest in the Amazon basin (
<quantity id="4C9E96A70044FFD49310FA4CFC3B16C0" box="[889,1021,1503,1527]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="m" value="150.0" valueMax="200.0" valueMin="100.0">100–200 m</quantity>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37C68C90044FFD490ACF991FBE114D8" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BD93B420044FFD490ACF991FEE81420" blockId="11.[151,1436,1250,2031]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<emphasis id="B912E7500044FFD490ACF991FE90152C" bold="true" box="[197,342,1538,1563]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Description.</emphasis>
Forewing length
<quantity id="4C9E96A70044FFD49249F991FD5C152D" box="[544,666,1538,1562]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.7" metricValueMax="5.8" metricValueMin="5.6" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="57.0" valueMax="58.0" valueMin="56.0">56–58 mm</quantity>
in males and
<quantity id="4C9E96A70044FFD49353F991FC59152D" box="[826,927,1538,1562]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4986" metricValueMax="1.524" metricValueMin="1.4731999999999998" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="in" value="59.0" valueMax="60.0" valueMin="58.0">58–60 in</quantity>
females. Dorsal side of thorax and abdomen black, ventral side of abdomen and thorax white. Dorsal forewing ground color black with green-lemon bands like in
<emphasis id="B912E7500044FFD490DDF9DFFECE1554" box="[180,264,1611,1635]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<taxonomicName id="4C6640C10044FFD490DDF9DFFEC21554" box="[180,260,1611,1635]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Philaethria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dido">P. dido</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
Ventral surface of hind wings with sub marginal band terracotta with scattered white scales. VHW inner postdiscal band terracotta and wide (brown and very narrow in
<emphasis id="B912E7500044FFD49305F9E3FC1815B0" box="[876,990,1648,1671]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">P. ro m e ro i</emphasis>
), medial postdiscal band white (cream and wide in
<taxonomicName id="4C6640C10044FFD4914AF907FE51159C" box="[291,407,1684,1707]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Philaethria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="romeroi">
<emphasis id="B912E7500044FFD4914AF907FE51159C" box="[291,407,1684,1707]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">P. romeroi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and narrow in
<taxonomicName id="4C6640C10044FFD4922DF907FD69159C" box="[580,687,1683,1707]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Philaethria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="browni">
<emphasis id="B912E7500044FFD4922DF907FD69159C" box="[580,687,1683,1707]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">P. browni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), HW postcellular spots very large and FW postmedial green area very large (in
<emphasis id="B912E7500044FFD4915EF92BFE4715F8" box="[311,385,1719,1743]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">P. d i d o</emphasis>
are small). The forewing anal cell bar is brown (black in
<taxonomicName id="4C6640C10044FFD4947DF92BFBA415F8" box="[1044,1122,1719,1743]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Philaethria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dido">
<emphasis id="B912E7500044FFD4947DF92BFBA415F8" box="[1044,1122,1719,1743]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">P. dido</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).VFW medial cell bar terra cotta with scattered white scales. VHW inner radial sector bar terracotta. Both sexes similar, but female much larger in size.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD93B420044FFD490ACF8B1FBB9140D" blockId="11.[151,1436,1250,2031]" box="[197,1151,1826,1851]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<emphasis id="B912E7500044FFD490ACF8B1FDF5140C" bold="true" box="[197,563,1826,1851]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Haploid chromosome number:</emphasis>
n=52 (voucher specimen fig.15) from N.
<collectingCountry id="F3717BD20044FFD49460F8B1FBBD140D" box="[1033,1147,1826,1850]" name="Colombia" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Colombia</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD93B420044FFD490ACF8D4FBE114D8" blockId="11.[151,1436,1250,2031]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<emphasis id="B912E7500044FFD490ACF8D4FE211468" bold="true" box="[197,487,1862,1887]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
Male genitalia (
<figureCitation id="135D27C70044FFD491E8F8D5FE1E1468" box="[385,472,1862,1887]" captionStart="FIGURES 32 – 41" captionStartId="20.[151,269,1935,1959]" captionTargetBox="[283,1299,213,1890]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[274,1316,194,1910]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 32 – 41. Male genitalia, with aedeagus removed in lateral view. 32. P. diatonica. 33. P. dido 34. P. constantinoi. 35. P. wernickei. 36. P. pygmalion. 37. P. neildi. 38. P. andrei. 39. P. o s t a r a. 40. P. browni. 41. P. romeroi. Scale line 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/199889/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 37</figureCitation>
):
</emphasis>
As illustrated. Saccus long and slightly curved distally (short in
<taxonomicName id="4C6640C10044FFD494A2F8DBFADC1468" box="[1227,1306,1863,1887]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Philaethria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dido">
<emphasis id="B912E7500044FFD494A2F8DBFADC1468" box="[1227,1306,1863,1887]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">P. dido</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), vinculum stout, slightly curved and swollen, tegumen rounded distally with setae at the base of the uncus; uncus long and straight, tapering gradually to pointed tip; gnathos long and curved distally; valvae with a long basal hook curved forward, reaching the medial area of the uncus; valvae with a swollen arm with a round head armed with microspines all over; aedeagus long and straight, tapering gadually to pointed tip.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF196BCA0043FFD390FEF88BFDBC14C4" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/199885/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" targetBox="[226,1345,206,1771]" targetPageId="12">
<paragraph id="8BD93B420043FFD390FEF88BFDBC14C4" blockId="12.[151,1437,1816,2035]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<emphasis id="B912E7500043FFD390FEF88BFE9C1407" bold="true" box="[151,346,1816,1840]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">FIGURES 12-21.</emphasis>
12.
<emphasis id="B912E7500043FFD391FDF88BFD511418" box="[404,663,1816,1839]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<taxonomicName id="4C6640C10043FFD391FDF88BFD521418" box="[404,660,1816,1839]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Philaethria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="pygmalion" status="subsp. nov." subSpecies="metaensis">P. pygmalion metaensis</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B912E7500043FFD392F6F88BFD391407" bold="true" box="[671,767,1816,1840]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2215A2B0043FFD392F6F88BFD3C1407" box="[671,762,1816,1840]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" rank="subSpecies">ssp.nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
,
</emphasis>
3 Holotype. Rio Ariari, Meta, Colombia. 13.
<taxonomicName id="4C6640C10043FFD39491F88BFA531418" box="[1272,1429,1816,1839]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Philaethria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="neildi" status="sp. nov." subSpecies="neildi">
<emphasis id="B912E7500043FFD39491F88BFA531418" box="[1272,1429,1816,1839]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">P. neildi neildi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="B912E7500043FFD390FEF8ABFF331467" bold="true" box="[151,245,1848,1872]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2215A2B0043FFD390FEF8ABFF361467" box="[151,240,1848,1872]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
,
</emphasis>
3 Holotype. Barinas, Venezuela. 14.
<emphasis id="B912E7500043FFD392F1F8ABFCF81478" box="[664,830,1848,1871]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<taxonomicName id="4C6640C10043FFD392F1F8ABFCFC1478" box="[664,826,1848,1871]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Philaethria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="neildi" status="sp. nov." subSpecies="neildi">P. neildi neildi</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2215A2B0043FFD3932EF8ABFC581478" box="[839,926,1848,1872]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B912E7500043FFD3932EF8ABFC5E1467" bold="true" box="[839,920,1848,1872]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">sp. nov</emphasis>
.
</taxonomicNameLabel>
, Ƥ Allotype. Barinas, Venezuela. 15.
<emphasis id="B912E7500043FFD3952BF8ABFF3B1458" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<taxonomicName id="4C6640C10043FFD3952BF8ABFF3F1458" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Philaethria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="neildi" status="subsp. nov." subSpecies="winhardi">P. neildi winhardi</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2215A2B0043FFD3916AF8CBFEA71458" box="[259,353,1880,1904]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" rank="subSpecies">
<emphasis id="B912E7500043FFD3916AF8CBFE9C1447" bold="true" box="[259,346,1880,1904]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">ssp. nov</emphasis>
.
</taxonomicNameLabel>
, 3 Holotype. Sierra Nevada de Sta Marta, Colombia. 16.
<emphasis id="B912E7500043FFD393AFF8CBFB6A1458" box="[966,1196,1880,1903]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<taxonomicName id="4C6640C10043FFD393AFF8CBFB6E1458" box="[966,1192,1880,1903]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Philaethria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="neildi" status="subsp. nov." subSpecies="tachiraensis">P. neildi tachiraensis</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B912E7500043FFD394DBF8CBFAD41447" bold="true" box="[1202,1298,1880,1904]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2215A2B0043FFD394DBF8CBFAD41447" box="[1202,1298,1880,1904]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" rank="subSpecies">ssp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
Holotype. 3 N. Tamá, Tachira, Venezuela. 17.
<emphasis id="B912E7500043FFD3926DF8EBFD2B14B8" box="[516,749,1912,1935]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<taxonomicName id="4C6640C10043FFD3926DF8EBFD2F14B8" box="[516,745,1912,1935]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Philaethria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="neildi" status="subsp. nov." subSpecies="tachiraensis">P. neildi tachiraensis</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B912E7500043FFD3929CF8EBFC9114A7" bold="true" box="[757,855,1912,1936]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2215A2B0043FFD3929CF8EBFC9114A7" box="[757,855,1912,1936]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" rank="subSpecies">ssp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
Allotype. Ƥ San Cristobal, Tachira, Venezuela. 18.
<emphasis id="B912E7500043FFD395E1F8EBFEE81498" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<taxonomicName id="4C6640C10043FFD395E1F8EBFEEC1498" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Philaethria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="andrei" subSpecies="andrei">P. andrei andrei</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
holotype 3 Carapa, Macouria. Fr. Guiana. 19.
<taxonomicName id="4C6640C10043FFD3934EF80BFC171498" box="[807,977,1944,1967]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Philaethria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="andrei" subSpecies="andrei">
<emphasis id="B912E7500043FFD3934EF80BFC171498" box="[807,977,1944,1967]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">P. andrei andrei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, allotype Ƥ Carapa, Macouria, Fr. Guiana. 20.
<emphasis id="B912E7500043FFD390D7F82BFE6314F8" box="[190,421,1976,1999]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<taxonomicName id="4C6640C10043FFD390D7F82BFE6614F8" box="[190,416,1976,1999]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Philaethria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="andrei" status="subsp. nov." subSpecies="orinocensis">P. andrei orinocensis</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2215A2B0043FFD391C2F82BFDCF14F8" box="[427,521,1976,2000]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" rank="subSpecies">
<emphasis id="B912E7500043FFD391C2F82BFDC514E7" bold="true" box="[427,515,1976,2000]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">ssp. nov</emphasis>
.
</taxonomicNameLabel>
, 3 Holotype. Delta Amacuro, Rio Orinoco, Venezuela. 21.
<emphasis id="B912E7500043FFD394E2F82BFAAD14F8" box="[1163,1387,1976,1999]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<taxonomicName id="4C6640C10043FFD394E2F82BFAAE14F8" box="[1163,1384,1976,1999]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Philaethria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="ostara" status="subsp. nov." subSpecies="araguensis">P. ostara araguensis</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2215A2B0043FFD3951BF82BFF0214C4" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" rank="subSpecies">
<emphasis id="B912E7500043FFD3951BF82BFF7914C4" bold="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">ssp. nov</emphasis>
.
</taxonomicNameLabel>
, Ƥ Allotype. Catica, Aragua, Venezuela.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C37C68C90042FFD290ACFF0BFD7912C3" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BD93B420042FFD290ACFF0BFB4012F8" blockId="13.[151,1436,151,500]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<emphasis id="B912E7500042FFD290ACFF0BFEB21387" bold="true" box="[197,372,151,176]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<typeStatus id="54DD85E00042FFD290ACFF0BFEC61387" box="[197,256,152,176]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Type</typeStatus>
material.
</emphasis>
<typeStatus id="54DD85E00042FFD29115FF04FE221398" box="[380,484,151,175]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
male:
<collectingCountry id="F3717BD20042FFD2925AFF0BFD181387" box="[563,734,152,176]" name="Venezuela" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">VENEZUELA</collectingCountry>
: Barinas, ca. km 20 San Miguel,
<quantity id="4C9E96A70042FFD29433FF04FB631398" box="[1114,1189,151,175]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.5" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="m" value="950.0">950 m</quantity>
,
<date id="FFD81D820042FFD294DBFF04FAB21398" box="[1202,1396,151,175]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1998-10-26">26 October 1998</date>
, A. Neild
<emphasis id="B912E7500042FFD290B5FF2FFEC313E3" box="[220,261,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">leg.</emphasis>
Deposited in
<collectionCode id="ED77A3870042FFD291C9FF2FFE2D13E3" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33834" box="[416,491,188,212]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33834" name="Museo del Instituto de Zoologia Agricola Francisco Fernandez Yepez" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">MIZA</collectionCode>
. Alotype female:
<collectingCountry id="F3717BD20042FFD292D8FF2FFC9A13E3" box="[689,860,188,212]" name="Venezuela" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">VENEZUELA</collectingCountry>
: Barinas, ca. km 20 San Miguel,
<quantity id="4C9E96A70042FFD294A2FF2FFAD213E3" box="[1227,1300,188,212]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.5" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="m" value="950.0">950 m</quantity>
,
<date id="FFD81D820042FFD29576FF2FFF1413C0" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1998-10-26">26 October 1998</date>
, A. Neild
<emphasis id="B912E7500042FFD29121FF73FEB713CF" box="[328,369,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">leg.</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED77A3870042FFD291EBFF4CFE1613C0" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33834" box="[386,464,223,247]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33834" name="Museo del Instituto de Zoologia Agricola Francisco Fernandez Yepez" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">MIZA</collectionCode>
).
<typeStatus id="54DD85E00042FFD2918AFF73FD9213CF" box="[483,596,224,248]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
:
<collectingCountry id="F3717BD20042FFD29209FF73FCCD13CF" box="[608,779,224,248]" name="Venezuela" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">VENEZUELA</collectingCountry>
:
<specimenCount id="9D60F0CB0042FFD2937FFF4CFCA313C0" box="[790,869,223,247]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
, Barinas, La Chimenea,
<quantity id="4C9E96A70042FFD29417FF4CFB1013C0" box="[1150,1238,223,247]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="m" value="1500.0">1500 m</quantity>
,
<date id="FFD81D820042FFD2948AFF4CFABB13C0" box="[1251,1405,223,248]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1973-05-28">28 May 1973</date>
, J. Salcedo
<emphasis id="B912E7500042FFD2909FFE97FEE6122B" box="[246,288,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">leg.</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED77A3870042FFD29146FE97FEBB122B" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33834" box="[303,381,260,284]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33834" name="Museo del Instituto de Zoologia Agricola Francisco Fernandez Yepez" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">MIZA</collectionCode>
).
<specimenCount id="9D60F0CB0042FFD291E6FE97FE2E122B" box="[399,488,260,284]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="male">2 males</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="9D60F0CB0042FFD2919AFE97FD91122B" box="[499,599,260,284]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
, Aragua: Rancho Grande,
<quantity id="4C9E96A70042FFD293E9FE97FC10122B" box="[896,982,260,284]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="m" value="1100.0">1100 m</quantity>
,
<date id="FFD81D820042FFD2938BFE97FBB3122B" box="[994,1141,260,284]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1987-08">August 1987</date>
, F. Romero
<emphasis id="B912E7500042FFD29495FE97FAE0122B" box="[1276,1318,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">leg.</emphasis>
(CFR)
<emphasis id="B912E7500042FFD290ACFEBBFE891277" bold="true" box="[197,335,296,320]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Etymology:</emphasis>
This species is named for Andrew Neild, author of the series Butterflies of
<collectingCountry id="F3717BD20042FFD2948FFEB4FA9A1208" box="[1254,1372,295,319]" name="Venezuela" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
, who collected the
<typeStatus id="54DD85E00042FFD29145FEDEFE9A1252" box="[300,348,333,357]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">type</typeStatus>
material and whose collection supplied important information on the distribution of this species.
<emphasis id="B912E7500042FFD290ACFEFCFE3212BF" bold="true" box="[197,500,367,392]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Distribution and habitat.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C6640C10042FFD29194FEE2FD6212BF" box="[509,676,368,392]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Philaethria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="neildi" subSpecies="neildi">
<emphasis id="B912E7500042FFD29194FEE2FD6212BF" box="[509,676,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">P. neildi neildi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
occurs along the Cordillera de Merida on the eastern slope in the state of Barinas, between
<quantity id="4C9E96A70042FFD291D6FE07FD88129B" box="[447,590,404,428]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="0.9" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="m" value="1200.0" valueMax="1500.0" valueMin="900.0">900–1500 m</quantity>
in premontane forest habitats and along the Cordillera de La Costa in the state of Aragua.
<emphasis id="B912E7500042FFD29139FE2AFE6112E7" box="[336,423,440,464]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">P. n e il di</emphasis>
flies sympatrically with
<emphasis id="B912E7500042FFD292A8FE2AFCE612E7" box="[705,800,441,464]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">P. o s t a r a</emphasis>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C6640C10042FFD29332FE2AFC0212E7" box="[859,964,440,464]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Philaethria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="browni">
<emphasis id="B912E7500042FFD29332FE2AFC0212E7" box="[859,964,440,464]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">P. browni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
at high altitudes.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD93B420042FFD290ACFE4FFD7912C3" blockId="13.[151,1436,151,500]" box="[197,703,475,500]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<emphasis id="B912E7500042FFD290ACFE4FFD8E12C3" bold="true" box="[197,584,475,500]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Host plant and immature stages.</emphasis>
unknown.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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