183 lines
18 KiB
XML
183 lines
18 KiB
XML
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<mods:titleInfo id="13CF9A0A6640FE837A2FAAED8F5219E6">
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<mods:title id="0956E49C08D937B7200CDDA64FD24B48">Hystricidae</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="A2989A5F1F21E8B92AA26BABB46DA8B4">Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="F9247FEB4A1E87D59CAF31E1BED39D36">Thomas E. Lacher, Jr</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="7678E22C152E08131F0326D12EEA5D12" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="A2F2B1404AF1D73B256F35CA4FFD6B70">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="09C8E2DA2997CBC255FE8E6C2AF66EBB">Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="9C16582CF81107892DD35FB5D6FA3B55">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:dateIssued id="8E5120732D24072E0DA1D636338FEEA3">2016</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:dateOther id="06B52DB515E476CAB9164A0090663B41" type="pubDate">2016-07-31</mods:dateOther>
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<mods:publisher id="B25DCCBEC1942EB2E01A78964C217003">Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
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<mods:placeTerm id="28C55CBFE63C4662AF4D23B0B34C880A">Barcelona</mods:placeTerm>
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<mods:title id="1BC7CFA2C9375A87C274F44A80A0FB7A">Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 6 Lagomorphs and Rodents I</mods:title>
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<treatment id="03A91B1CC1554A64C975FEF29C8C6899" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6612190" ID-GBIF-Taxon="195759660" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6612190" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A91B1CC1554A64C975FEF29C8C6899" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A91B1CC1554A64C975FEF29C8C6899" lastPageNumber="308" pageId="4" pageNumber="308">
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<subSubSection id="C31AF981C1554A64C975FEF298AC6E49" box="[101,133,279,325]" pageId="4" pageNumber="308" type="multiple">
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<paragraph id="8BBFAA0AC1554A64C975FEF298AC6E49" blockId="4.[99,1188,279,406]" box="[101,133,279,325]" pageId="4" pageNumber="308">
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<heading id="D0F71D66C1554A64C975FEF298AC6E49" box="[101,133,279,325]" pageId="4" pageNumber="308">
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<figureCitation id="133BB68FC1554A64C975FEF298AC6E49" box="[101,133,279,325]" captionStart="Plate 18: Hystricidae" captionStartId="2.[109,139,3409,3434]" captionTargetBox="[13,2732,15,3643]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="1. Long-tailed Porcupine (Trichys fasciculata), 2. African Brush-tailed Porcupine (Atherurus africanus), 3. Asiatic Brush-tailed Porcupine (Atherurus macrourus), 4. Sumatran Porcupine (Hystrix sumatrae), 5. Thick-spined Porcupine (Hystrix crassispinis), 6. Philippine Porcupine (Hystrix pumila), 7. Malayan Porcupine (Hystrix brachyura), 8. Sunda Porcupine (Hystrix javanica), 9. Crested Porcupine (Hystrix cristata), 10. Cape Porcupine (Hystrix africaeaustralis), 11. Indian Crested Porcupine (Hystrix indica)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6612247" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6612247/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="308">5.</figureCitation>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C31AF981C1554A64C985FEF29AA26E49" box="[149,651,279,325]" pageId="4" pageNumber="308" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="8BBFAA0AC1554A64C985FEF29AA26E49" blockId="4.[99,1188,279,406]" box="[149,651,279,325]" pageId="4" pageNumber="308">
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<heading id="D0F71D66C1554A64C985FEF29AA26E49" box="[149,651,279,325]" pageId="4" pageNumber="308">
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<vernacularName id="0503DA24C1554A64C985FEF29AA26E49" box="[149,651,279,325]" pageId="4" pageNumber="308">Thick-spined Porcupine</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C31AF981C1554A64CBC1FEF29C036E49" box="[721,1066,279,325]" pageId="4" pageNumber="308" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BBFAA0AC1554A64CBC1FEF29C036E49" blockId="4.[99,1188,279,406]" box="[721,1066,279,325]" pageId="4" pageNumber="308">
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<heading id="D0F71D66C1554A64CBC1FEF29C036E49" box="[721,1066,279,325]" pageId="4" pageNumber="308">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C00D189C1554A64CBC1FEF29C036E49" ID-CoL="7VJ23" authority="Gunther, 1877" authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="1877" box="[721,1066,279,325]" class="Mammalia" family="Hystricidae" genus="Hystrix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="4" pageNumber="308" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="crassispinis">
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<emphasis id="B9747618C1554A64CBC1FEF29C036E49" box="[721,1066,279,325]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="308">Hystrix crassispinis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C31AF981C1554A64C975FEBD9AB96E99" pageId="4" pageNumber="308" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="8BBFAA0AC1554A64C975FEBD9C8B6E61" blockId="4.[99,1188,279,406]" box="[101,1186,344,365]" pageId="4" pageNumber="308">
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<heading id="D0F71D66C1554A64C975FEBD9C8B6E61" box="[101,1186,344,365]" pageId="4" pageNumber="308">
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<emphasis id="B9747618C1554A64C975FEBD98996E61" bold="true" box="[101,176,344,365]" pageId="4" pageNumber="308">French:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="0503DA24C1554A64C9AAFEBD99AB6E61" box="[186,386,344,365]" pageId="4" pageNumber="308">Porc-épic de Bornéo</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="B9747618C1554A64C887FEBD99DB6E61" bold="true" box="[407,498,344,365]" pageId="4" pageNumber="308">German:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="0503DA24C1554A64C8ECFEBD9ACC6E61" box="[508,741,344,365]" pageId="4" pageNumber="308">Borneo Stachelschwein</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="B9747618C1554A64CBEAFEBD9B7F6E61" bold="true" box="[762,854,344,365]" pageId="4" pageNumber="308">Spanish:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="0503DA24C1554A64CA70FEBD9C8B6E61" box="[864,1186,344,365]" pageId="4" pageNumber="308">Puercoespin de espinas gruesas</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BBFAA0AC1554A64C974FE659AB96E99" blockId="4.[99,1188,279,406]" box="[100,656,384,405]" pageId="4" pageNumber="308">
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<heading id="D0F71D66C1554A64C974FE659AB96E99" box="[100,656,384,405]" pageId="4" pageNumber="308">
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<emphasis id="B9747618C1554A64C974FE6599726E99" bold="true" box="[100,347,384,405]" pageId="4" pageNumber="308">Other common names:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="0503DA24C1554A64C876FE659AB96E99" box="[358,656,384,405]" pageId="4" pageNumber="308">Borneo Short-tailed Porcupine</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C31AF981C1554A64CBD8FE219B3B6D05" pageId="4" pageNumber="308" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BBFAA0AC1554A64CBD8FE219B3B6D05" blockId="4.[712,1305,452,875]" pageId="4" pageNumber="308">
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<emphasis id="B9747618C1554A64CBD8FE219B4A6EED" bold="true" box="[712,867,452,481]" pageId="4" pageNumber="308">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C00D189C1554A64CA6FFE219B246D05" ID-CoL="7VJ23" authority="Gunther, 1877" authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="1877" class="Mammalia" family="Hystricidae" genus="Hystrix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="4" pageNumber="308" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="crassispinis">Hystrix crassispinis Gunther, 1877</taxonomicName>
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,
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C31AF981C1554A64CA0FFE099CC56D73" pageId="4" pageNumber="308" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BBFAA0AC1554A64CA0FFE099CC56D73" blockId="4.[712,1305,452,875]" pageId="4" pageNumber="308">
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<materialsCitation id="3B68A057C1554A64CA0FFE099CC56D73" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3803266311" pageId="4" pageNumber="308">“Borneo.” A. Gunther in 1877 cross referenced an earlier paper of his in the same journal in which the type locality was given as “Borneo, opposite of Labuau.”</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C31AF981C1554A64CBDAFD609B4F6DC2" pageId="4" pageNumber="308" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BBFAA0AC1554A64CBDAFD609B4F6DC2" blockId="4.[712,1305,452,875]" pageId="4" pageNumber="308">
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<taxonomicName id="4C00D189C1554A64CBDAFD609BB86DAA" authority="Gunther, 1877" authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="1877" box="[714,913,645,678]" class="Mammalia" family="Hystricidae" genus="Hystrix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="4" pageNumber="308" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="crassispinis">H. crassispinis</taxonomicName>
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is in subgenus
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<taxonomicName id="4C00D189C1554A64CD8FFD609D3A6DAA" authorityName="Lyon" authorityYear="1907" box="[1183,1299,645,678]" class="Mammalia" family="Hystricidae" genus="Thecurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="4" pageNumber="308" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Thecurus</taxonomicName>
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. Monotypic.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C31AF981C1554A64CBD9FD319BDA6DF9" box="[713,1011,724,757]" pageId="4" pageNumber="308" type="distribution">
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<caption id="DF7FFA82C1554A64CBD9FD319BDA6DF9" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6612229" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6612229" box="[713,1011,724,757]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6612229/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="308" targetBox="[98,688,458,871]" targetPageId="4">
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<paragraph id="8BBFAA0AC1554A64CBD9FD319BDA6DF9" blockId="4.[712,1305,452,875]" box="[713,1011,724,757]" pageId="4" pageNumber="308">
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<emphasis id="B9747618C1554A64CBD9FD319B506DF9" bold="true" box="[713,889,724,757]" pageId="4" pageNumber="308">Distribution.</emphasis>
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Borneo.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C31AF981C1554A64CBD9FD1E9C2E6AB0" pageId="4" pageNumber="308" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BBFAA0AC1554A64CBD9FD1E9D3E6C67" blockId="4.[712,1305,452,875]" pageId="4" pageNumber="308">
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<emphasis id="B9747618C1554A64CBD9FD1E9BC86C10" bold="true" box="[713,993,763,796]" pageId="4" pageNumber="308">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
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Head-body 450-665 mm, tail 65-190 mm, ear 35-42 mm, hindfoot 80-90 mm; weight 3.8-5.4 kg.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BBFAA0AC1554A64C976FC979C2E6AB0" blockId="4.[102,1309,882,1941]" pageId="4" pageNumber="308">
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The Thick-spined Porcupine is medium-sized and brown, with extremely thick quills. It is the largest species in the subgenus
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<taxonomicName id="4C00D189C1554A64CBBFFC7F9B0A6CB7" authorityName="Lyon" authorityYear="1907" box="[687,803,922,955]" class="Mammalia" family="Hystricidae" genus="Thecurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="4" pageNumber="308" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Thecurus</taxonomicName>
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, with the largest quills, tactile bristles, and rattle-quills. It appears distinctly speckled by white tips of spines on cheeks, neck, shoulders, flanks, and sometimes anterior of back. Some large defensive quills on posterior of back have white tips ¢.25-65 mm long, while others are blackish up to their tips. Number of white-tipped quillsis larger than number of black quills; number of tactile bristles is small. As with other species in the subgenus
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<taxonomicName id="4C00D189C1554A64CAECFBBA9C596B8C" authorityName="Lyon" authorityYear="1907" box="[1020,1136,1119,1152]" class="Mammalia" family="Hystricidae" genus="Thecurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="4" pageNumber="308" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Thecurus</taxonomicName>
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, there is no crest on head. Thick quills reach up to 8:3 mm in diameter, making them thicker than those in the largest specimens of subgenus Acanthion and as thick as those in subgenus
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<taxonomicName id="4C00D189C1554A64C978FB3098EC6BFA" authorityName=", Acanthion" box="[104,197,1237,1270]" class="Mammalia" family="Hystricidae" genus="Hystrix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="4" pageNumber="308" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Hystrix</taxonomicName>
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. Tail is short, with ratio of tail-to-head-body length less than 20%, and it has rattle-quills. Lengths of hollow capsule-like parts of rattle-quills are 12-16 mm. Long quills of hindquarters are dark brown, with fairly narrow white tips and bases, and quills beneath tail are brown and white. The Thick-spined Porcupine can be differentiated from the Sumatran Porcupine (
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<taxonomicName id="4C00D189C1554A64CB7AFA969B236A98" box="[618,778,1395,1428]" class="Mammalia" family="Hystricidae" genus="Hystrix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="4" pageNumber="308" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sumatrae">H. sumatrae</taxonomicName>
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) byits larger skull with slightly longer nasals, longer rattle-quills, thicker quills, and largertactile bristles.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C31AF981C1554A64C978FA279BB96907" pageId="4" pageNumber="308" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph id="8BBFAA0AC1554A64C978FA279BB96907" blockId="4.[102,1309,882,1941]" pageId="4" pageNumber="308">
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<emphasis id="B9747618C1554A64C978FA2798FE6AEF" bold="true" box="[104,215,1474,1507]" pageId="4" pageNumber="308">Habitat.</emphasis>
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Primary lowland rainforest, old and young secondary forest, and open areas up to elevations of 1200 m in East Kalimantan, Indonesia.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C31AF981C1554A64C978F9F49C05693E" box="[104,1068,1553,1586]" pageId="4" pageNumber="308" type="food_feeding">
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<paragraph id="8BBFAA0AC1554A64C978F9F49C05693E" blockId="4.[102,1309,882,1941]" box="[104,1068,1553,1586]" pageId="4" pageNumber="308">
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<emphasis id="B9747618C1554A64C978F9F49944693E" bold="true" box="[104,365,1553,1586]" pageId="4" pageNumber="308">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
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There is no information available for this species.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C31AF981C1554A64C978F9DD9B846955" box="[104,941,1592,1625]" pageId="4" pageNumber="308" type="breeding">
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<paragraph id="8BBFAA0AC1554A64C978F9DD9B846955" blockId="4.[102,1309,882,1941]" box="[104,941,1592,1625]" pageId="4" pageNumber="308">
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<emphasis id="B9747618C1554A64C978F9DD98C76955" bold="true" box="[104,238,1592,1625]" pageId="4" pageNumber="308">Breeding.</emphasis>
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There is no information available for this species.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C31AF981C1554A64C977F9859C38698D" box="[103,1041,1632,1665]" pageId="4" pageNumber="308" type="activity">
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<paragraph id="8BBFAA0AC1554A64C977F9859C38698D" blockId="4.[102,1309,882,1941]" box="[103,1041,1632,1665]" pageId="4" pageNumber="308">
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<emphasis id="B9747618C1554A64C977F985997B698D" bold="true" box="[103,338,1632,1665]" pageId="4" pageNumber="308">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
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There is no information available for this species.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C31AF981C1554A64C979F962991469DC" pageId="4" pageNumber="308" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph id="8BBFAA0AC1554A64C979F962991469DC" blockId="4.[102,1309,882,1941]" pageId="4" pageNumber="308">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9747618C1554A64C979F9629B1969A4" bold="true" box="[105,816,1671,1704]" pageId="4" pageNumber="308">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
|
||
There is no information available for this species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31AF981C1554A64C979F9309A3A684B" pageId="4" pageNumber="308" type="conservation">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBFAA0AC1554A64C979F9309A3A684B" blockId="4.[102,1309,882,1941]" pageId="4" pageNumber="308">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9747618C1554A64C979F93099E069FA" bold="true" box="[105,457,1749,1782]" pageId="4" pageNumber="308">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
|
||
Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red List. Endemic island rodents such as the Thick-spined Porcupine may be particularly at risk of extinction and require further study.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31AF981C1554A64C97AF8B19C8C6899" pageId="4" pageNumber="308" type="bibRefCitation_list">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBFAA0AC1554A64C97AF8B19C8C6899" blockId="4.[102,1309,882,1941]" pageId="4" pageNumber="308">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9747618C1554A64C97AF8B1992A6861" bold="true" box="[106,259,1876,1901]" pageId="4" pageNumber="308">Bibliography.</emphasis>
|
||
Amori, Gippoliti & Helgen (2008), Corbet & Hill (1992), Glinther (1877b), Helgen & Lunde (2008), Medway & Harrisson (1963), Nowak (1999a), Rustam et al. (2011), Storch (1990), van Weers (1978).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |