199 lines
21 KiB
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199 lines
21 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="B8273974DFC3F77966C37E2FB14DD450">Geographic distribution of the hard ticks (Acari: Ixodida: Ixodidae) of the world by countries and territories</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="8C5742402844DB5CA67A62D5E39FF94D">Guglielmone, Alberto A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="037284BE6B5E438EF8F26E9270EDD918">Nava, Santiago</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="0539980EF352E89008F507F2C87467F7">2023</mods:date>
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<treatment id="03966A560FEBC7EBBABF89C9B13DFBF9" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7718455" ID-GBIF-Taxon="209449962" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7718455" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03966A560FEBC7EBBABF89C9B13DFBF9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03966A560FEBC7EBBABF89C9B13DFBF9" lastPageNumber="129" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">
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<paragraph id="8B80DB400FEBC7EBBABF89C9B713FCD9" blockId="128.[151,1437,762,1077]" box="[151,637,762,789]" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">
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<emphasis id="B94B07520FEBC7EBBABF89C9B5D4FCD9" bold="true" box="[151,186,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">76.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30FEBC7EBBAEB89C8B717FCD9" ID-CoL="6WTHH" ID-ENA="2582478" authority="Nuttall, 1910" authorityName="Nuttall" authorityYear="1910" box="[195,633,762,789]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Rhipicephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simpsoni">
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<emphasis id="B94B07520FEBC7EBBAEB89C8B4B6FCD9" bold="true" box="[195,472,762,789]" italics="true" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">Rhipicephalus simpsoni</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10FEBC7EBBBC989C9B717FCD9" author="Nuttall, G. H. F." box="[481,633,763,789]" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" pagination="408 - 416" refId="ref237345" refString="Nuttall, G. H. F. (1910) New species of ticks (Ixodes, Amblyomma, Rhipicephalus). Parasitology, 3, 408 - 416. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0031182000002249" type="journal article" year="1910">Nuttall, 1910</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C32588CB0FEBC7EBB8AD89C9B402FC21" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="8B80DB400FEBC7EBB8AD89C9B402FC21" blockId="128.[151,1437,762,1077]" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">
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Afrotropical: 1)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00FEBC7EBB96889C9B6E8FCD9" box="[832,902,763,789]" name="Benin" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">Benin</collectingCountry>
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, 2)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00FEBC7EBB99A89C9B122FCD9" box="[946,1100,763,789]" name="Burkina Faso" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">Burkina Faso</collectingCountry>
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, 3)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00FEBC7EBBE5089C9B19EFCD9" box="[1144,1264,763,789]" name="Cameroon" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">Cameroon</collectingCountry>
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, 4)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00FEBC7EBBF3489C9B451FCF5" name="Central African Republic" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">Central African Republic</collectingCountry>
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, 5)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00FEBC7EBBB41882DB4D8FCF5" box="[361,438,799,825]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">Congo</collectingCountry>
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, 6)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00FEBC7EBBBC9882DB602FCF5" box="[481,876,799,825]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">Democratic Republic of the Congo</collectingCountry>
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, 7)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00FEBC7EBB9BF882DB68AFCF5" box="[919,996,799,825]" name="Gabon" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">Gabon</collectingCountry>
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, 8)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00FEBC7EBBE27882DB135FCF5" box="[1039,1115,799,825]" name="Ghana" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">Ghana</collectingCountry>
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, 9)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00FEBC7EBBEAD882DB1B7FCF5" box="[1157,1241,799,825]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">Guinea</collectingCountry>
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, 10)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00FEBC7EBBF39882DB0F6FCF5" box="[1297,1432,799,825]" name="Ivory Coast" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">Ivory Coast</collectingCountry>
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, 11)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00FEBC7EBBAEB8871B461FC91" box="[195,271,835,861]" name="Kenya" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">Kenya</collectingCountry>
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, 12)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00FEBC7EBBB618871B4F3FC91" box="[329,413,835,861]" name="Liberia" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">Liberia</collectingCountry>
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, 13)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00FEBC7EBBBFE8871B740FC91" box="[470,558,835,861]" name="Malawi" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">Malawi</collectingCountry>
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, 14)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00FEBC7EBB84F8871B7F2FC91" box="[615,668,835,861]" name="Serbia" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">Mali</collectingCountry>
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(south), 15)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00FEBC7EBB9078871B6A8FC91" box="[815,966,835,861]" name="Mozambique" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">Mozambique</collectingCountry>
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, 16)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00FEBC7EBB9D78871B138FC91" box="[1023,1110,835,861]" name="Nigeria" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">Nigeria</collectingCountry>
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, 17)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00FEBC7EBBEA78871B04FFC91" box="[1167,1313,835,861]" name="South Africa" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">South Africa</collectingCountry>
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, 18)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00FEBC7EBBF738871B58EFC4D" name="South Sudan" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">South Sudan</collectingCountry>
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, 19)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00FEBC7EBBB338855B4EDFC4D" box="[283,387,871,897]" name="Tanzania" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
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, 20)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00FEBC7EBBB968855B494FC4D" box="[446,506,871,897]" name="Togo" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">Togo</collectingCountry>
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, 21)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00FEBC7EBB81D8855B7E1FC4D" box="[565,655,871,897]" name="Uganda" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">Uganda</collectingCountry>
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, 22)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00FEBC7EBB8E38855B64DFC4D" box="[715,803,871,897]" name="Zambia" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">Zambia</collectingCountry>
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, 23)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00FEBC7EBB9778855B6B9FC4D" box="[863,983,871,897]" name="Zimbabwe" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">Zimbabwe</collectingCountry>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10FEBC7EBB9CF8855B193FC4D" author="Morel, P. C. & Mouchet, J." box="[999,1277,870,897]" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" pagination="477 - 496" refId="ref232472" refString="Morel, P. C. & Mouchet, J. (1965) Les tiques du Cameroun (Ixodidae et Argasidae) (2 e note). Annales de Parasitologie Humaine et Comparee, 40, 477 - 496. https: // doi. org / 10.1051 / parasite / 1965404477" type="journal article" year="1965">Morel & Mouchet 1965</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10FEBC7EBBF218855B5BCFC69" author="Aeschlimann, A." pageId="128" pageNumber="129" pagination="281 - 405" refId="ref167319" refString="Aeschlimann, A. (1967) Biologie et ecologie des tiques (Ixodoidea) de Cote d'Ivoire. Acta Tropica, 24, 281 - 405." type="journal article" year="1967">Aeschlimann 1967</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10FEBC7EBBAF688B9B41FFC69" author="Walker, J. B." box="[222,369,907,933]" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" refId="ref262953" refString="Walker, J. B. (1974) The ixodid ticks of Kenya. A review of present knowledge of their hosts and distribution. Commonwealth Institute of Entomology, London, 220 pp." type="book" year="1974">Walker 1974</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10FEBC7EBBB5488B9B76AFC69" author="Morel, P. C." box="[380,516,907,933]" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" pagination="69 - 78" refId="ref232157" refString="Morel, P. C. (1978) Tiques d'animaux sauvages en Haute-Volta. Revue de l'Elevage et de Medecine Veterinaire des Pays Tropicaux, 31, 69 - 78. https: // doi. org / 10.19182 / remvt. 8178" type="journal article" year="1978">Morel 1978</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10FEBC7EBB82788B9B7C0FC69" author="Norval, R. A. I." box="[527,686,906,933]" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" pagination="37 - 43" refId="ref236610" refString="Norval, R. A. I. (1985 b) The ticks of Zimbabwe. XII. The lesser known Rhipicephalus species. Zimbabwe Veterinary Journal, 16, 37 - 43." type="journal article" year="1985">
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Norval 1985
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10FEBC7EBB8B788B8B7C0FC69" author="Walker, J. B. & Olwage, A." box="[671,686,906,933]" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" pagination="353 - 379" refId="ref263132" refString="Walker, J. B. & Olwage, A. (1987) The tick vectors of Cowdria ruminantium (Ixodoidea, Ixodidae, genus Amblyomma) and their distribution. Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research, 54, 353 - 379." type="journal article" year="1987">b</bibRefCitation>
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</bibRefCitation>
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, Matthysse & Colbo 1987,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10FEBC7EBB9CE88B9B06EFC69" author="Konstantinov, O. K. & Balde, M. C. & Tchounina, L. M. & Mourzin, S. V. & Popov, N. V. & Tchebotarev, A. N." box="[998,1280,907,933]" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" pagination="85 - 92" refId="ref221394" refString="Konstantinov, O. K., Balde, M. C., Tchounina, L. M., Mourzin, S. V., Popov, N. V. & Tchebotarev, A. N., (1990) Ticks of the family Ixodidae as arbovirus reservoirs in the Republic of Guinea. I. Fauna and ecology of ticks. Revue d'Elevage et de Medecine Veterinaire des Pays Tropicaux, 43, 85 - 92. https: // doi. org / 10.19182 / remvt. 8902" type="journal article" year="1990">
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Konstantinov
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<emphasis id="B94B07520FEBC7EBBEAC88B9B1D0FC69" box="[1156,1214,907,933]" italics="true" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">et al.</emphasis>
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1990
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10FEBC7EBBF2388B9B5BCFC05" author="Walker, J. B. & Keirans, J. E. & Horak, I. G." pageId="128" pageNumber="129" refId="ref263510" refString="Walker, J. B., Keirans, J. E. & Horak, I. G. (2000) The genus Rhipicephalus (Acari: Ixodidae): a guide to the brown ticks of the world. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 643 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / CBO 9780511661754" type="book" year="2000">
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Walker
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<emphasis id="B94B07520FEBC7EBBF4B88B9B0F3FC69" box="[1379,1437,907,933]" italics="true" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">et al.</emphasis>
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Ntiamoa-Baidu
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<emphasis id="B94B07520FEBC7EBBBA7889DB4A9FC05" box="[399,455,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">et al.</emphasis>
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2004
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10FEBC7EBB83A889DB7C1FC05" author="Kolonin, G. V." box="[530,687,943,969]" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" refId="ref221361" refString="Kolonin, G. V. (2009) Fauna of ixodid ticks of the world. https: // archive. is / CtZk. Last accessed February 11, 2022." type="url" year="2009">Kolonin 2009</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10FEBC7EBB891889DB6E5FC05" author="Pourrut, X. & Emane, K. A. & Camicas, J. L. & Leroy, E. & Gonzalez, J. P." box="[697,907,943,969]" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" pagination="465 - 471" refId="ref244172" refString="Pourrut, X., Emane, K. A., Camicas, J. L., Leroy, E. & Gonzalez, J. P. (2011) Contribution to the knowledge of ticks (Acarina: Ixodidae) in Gabon. Acarologia, 51, 465 - 471. https: // doi. org / 10.1051 / acarologia / 20112028" type="journal article" year="2011">
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Pourrut
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<emphasis id="B94B07520FEBC7EBB93B889DB625FC05" box="[787,843,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">et al.</emphasis>
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2011
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10FEBC7EBB9BD889DB1CEFC05" author="ElGhali, A. & Hassan, S. M." box="[917,1184,943,969]" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" pagination="1 - 6" refId="ref191264" refString="ElGhali, A. & Hassan, S. M. (2012) Ticks infesting animals in the Sudan and southern Sudan: past and current status: research communication. Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research, 79, 1 - 6. https: // doi. org / 10.4102 / ojvr. v 79 i 1.431" type="journal article" year="2012">ElGhali & Hassan 2012</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10FEBC7EBBE82889DB0F6FC05" author="Uilenberg, G. & Estrada-Pena, A. & Thal, J." box="[1194,1432,943,969]" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" pagination="1 - 40" refId="ref260920" refString="Uilenberg, G., Estrada-Pena, A. & Thal, J. (2013) Ticks of the Central African Republic. Experimental and Applied Acarology, 60, 1 - 40. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 10493 - 012 - 9605 - 2" type="journal article" year="2013">
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Uilenberg
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<emphasis id="B94B07520FEBC7EBBF08889DB039FC05" box="[1312,1367,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">et al.</emphasis>
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2013
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</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10FEBC7EBBABF88E1B40EFC21" author="Horak, I. G. & Heyne, H. & Williams, R. & Gallivan, G. J. & Spickett, A. & Bezuidenhout, J. D. & Estrada-Pena, A." box="[151,352,979,1005]" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" refId="ref208796" refString="Horak, I. G., Heyne, H., Williams, R., Gallivan, G. J., Spickett, A., Bezuidenhout, J. D. & Estrada-Pena, A. (2018) The ixodid ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) of southern Africa. Springer, Cham, 676 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 3 - 319 - 70642 - 9" type="book" year="2018">
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Horak
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<emphasis id="B94B07520FEBC7EBBACC88E1B472FC21" box="[228,284,979,1005]" italics="true" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">et al.</emphasis>
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2018
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</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C32588CB0FEBC7EBBAEF88C5B13DFBF9" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8B80DB400FEBC7EBBAEF88C5B13DFBF9" blockId="128.[151,1437,762,1077]" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10FEBC7EBBAEF88C5B4D4FBDD" author="Mossaad, E. & Gaithuma, A. & Mohamed, Y. O. & Suganuma, K. & Umemiya-Shirafuji, R. & Ohari, Y. & Salim, B. & Liu, M. & Xuan, X." box="[199,442,1015,1041]" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" pagination="1 - 16" refId="ref232743" refString="Mossaad, E., Gaithuma, A., Mohamed, Y. O., Suganuma, K., Umemiya-Shirafuji, R., Ohari, Y., Salim, B., Liu, M. & Xuan, X. (2021) Molecular characterization of ticks and tick-borne pathogens in cattle from Khartoum State and East Darfur State, Sudan. Pathogens, 10 (article 580), 1 - 16. https: // doi. org / 10.3390 / pathogens 10050580" type="journal article" year="2021">
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Mossaad
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<emphasis id="B94B07520FEBC7EBBB1988C5B407FBDD" box="[305,361,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">et al.</emphasis>
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(2021)
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</bibRefCitation>
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stated that
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<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30FEBC7EBB81288C5B62AFBDC" authorityName="Nuttall" authorityYear="1910" box="[570,836,1015,1041]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Rhipicephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simpsoni">
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<emphasis id="B94B07520FEBC7EBB81288C5B62AFBDC" box="[570,836,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">Rhipicephalus simpsoni</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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has been found in
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00FEBC7EBBE3E88C5B132FBDD" box="[1046,1116,1015,1041]" name="Sudan" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">Sudan</collectingCountry>
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(
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<collectingRegion id="49FB15A20FEBC7EBBE4488C5B18CFBDD" box="[1132,1250,1015,1041]" country="Sudan" name="Al Khartoum" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">Khartoum</collectingRegion>
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), where its usual host is absent. Therefore, the presence of this species in
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00FEBC7EBB9258F29B63DFBF9" box="[781,851,1051,1077]" name="Sudan" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">Sudan</collectingCountry>
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requires confirmation.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |