237 lines
26 KiB
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237 lines
26 KiB
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<mods:title id="00353B1601B6F481D43DFDBB094D291D">Geographic distribution of the hard ticks (Acari: Ixodida: Ixodidae) of the world by countries and territories</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="C9F7231A08A0836F178382D68CE6EF7E">Guglielmone, Alberto A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="B766101754D2890F441A774E979CC207">Nava, Santiago</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="9D3DD6614384C41CE0EDD5739AFF37D1">Robbins, Richard G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="6FC16D24859404472C4E98B9BDEA9058">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="E845D229D17457A80CA2631A6DCF68C3">2023</mods:date>
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<treatment id="03966A560F54C754BABF8A31B65FFD3D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7717819" ID-GBIF-Taxon="209449591" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7717819" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03966A560F54C754BABF8A31B65FFD3D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03966A560F54C754BABF8A31B65FFD3D" lastPageNumber="64" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
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<subSubSection id="C32588CB0F54C754BABF8A31B7ECFED1" box="[151,642,258,285]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B80DB400F54C754BABF8A31B7ECFED1" blockId="63.[151,1437,258,753]" box="[151,642,258,285]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
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<emphasis id="B94B07520F54C754BABF8A31B5A6FED1" bold="true" box="[151,200,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">122.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F54C754BAE68A30B713FED1" ID-CoL="CMJP" ID-ENA="1701308" authority="Neumann, 1899" authorityName="Neumann" authorityYear="1899" box="[206,637,258,285]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Amblyomma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tholloni">
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<emphasis id="B94B07520F54C754BAE68A30B4AFFED1" bold="true" box="[206,449,258,285]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Amblyomma tholloni</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F54C754BBE08A31B713FED1" author="Neumann, L. G." box="[456,637,259,285]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" pagination="107 - 294" refId="ref235222" refString="Neumann, L. G. (1899) Revision de la famille des ixodides (3 e memoire). Memoires de la Societe Zoologique de France, 12, 107 - 294." type="journal article" year="1899">Neumann, 1899</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C32588CB0F54C754B8AE8A31B721FDD5" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="8B80DB400F54C754B8AE8A31B721FDD5" blockId="63.[151,1437,258,753]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
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Afrotropical: 1)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F54C754B9148A31B6FFFED1" box="[828,913,259,285]" name="Angola" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Angola</collectingCountry>
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, 2)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F54C754B9928A31B13DFED1" box="[954,1107,259,285]" name="Burkina Faso" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Burkina Faso</collectingCountry>
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, 3)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F54C754BE538A31B1B4FED1" box="[1147,1242,259,285]" name="Burundi" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Burundi</collectingCountry>
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, 4)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F54C754BF2B8A31B015FED1" box="[1283,1403,259,285]" name="Cameroon" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Cameroon</collectingCountry>
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, 5)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F54C754BABF8A15B4DAFE8D" box="[151,436,295,321]" name="Central African Republic" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Central African Republic</collectingCountry>
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, 6)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F54C754BBF68A15B777FE8D" box="[478,537,295,321]" name="Chad" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Chad</collectingCountry>
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(south), 7)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F54C754B8B48A15B787FE8D" box="[668,745,295,321]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Congo</collectingCountry>
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, 8)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F54C754B93B8A15B1F0FE8D" box="[787,1182,295,321]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Democratic Republic of the Congo</collectingCountry>
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, 9)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F54C754BEE18A15B0F6FE8D" box="[1225,1432,295,321]" name="Equatorial Guinea" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Equatorial Guinea</collectingCountry>
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, 10)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F54C754BAEA8A79B461FEA9" box="[194,271,331,357]" name="Gabon" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Gabon</collectingCountry>
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, 11)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F54C754BB6C8A79B4FEFEA9" box="[324,400,331,357]" name="Ghana" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Ghana</collectingCountry>
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, 12)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F54C754BBEC8A79B724FEA9" box="[452,586,331,357]" name="Ivory Coast" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Ivory Coast</collectingCountry>
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, 13)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F54C754B8568A79B7A4FEA9" box="[638,714,331,357]" name="Kenya" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Kenya</collectingCountry>
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, 14)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F54C754B8D78A79B63DFEA9" box="[767,851,331,357]" name="Liberia" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Liberia</collectingCountry>
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, 15)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F54C754B9A08A79B68EFEA9" box="[904,992,331,357]" name="Malawi" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Malawi</collectingCountry>
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, 16)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F54C754BE3D8A79B124FEA9" box="[1045,1098,331,357]" name="Serbia" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Mali</collectingCountry>
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(south), 17)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F54C754BEFE8A79B003FEA9" box="[1238,1389,331,357]" name="Mozambique" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Mozambique</collectingCountry>
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, 18)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F54C754BABF8A5DB580FE45" box="[151,238,367,393]" name="Nigeria" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Nigeria</collectingCountry>
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, 19)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F54C754BB0C8A5DB4EDFE45" box="[292,387,367,393]" name="Rwanda" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Rwanda</collectingCountry>
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, 20)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F54C754BB908A5DB724FE45" box="[440,586,367,393]" name="Sierra Leone" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Sierra Leone</collectingCountry>
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, 21)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F54C754B8A88A5DB7B1FE45" box="[640,735,367,393]" name="Somalia" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Somalia</collectingCountry>
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, 22)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F54C754B93D8A5DB6CBFE45" box="[789,933,367,393]" name="South Africa" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">South Africa</collectingCountry>
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, 23)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F54C754B9F38A5DB105FE45" box="[987,1131,367,393]" name="South Sudan" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">South Sudan</collectingCountry>
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, 24)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F54C754BE898A5DB067FE45" box="[1185,1289,367,393]" name="Tanzania" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
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, 25)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F54C754BF168A5DB0F6FE45" box="[1342,1432,367,393]" name="Uganda" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Uganda</collectingCountry>
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, 26)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F54C754BAED8AA1B473FE61" box="[197,285,403,429]" name="Zambia" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Zambia</collectingCountry>
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, 27)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F54C754BB718AA1B4BFFE61" box="[345,465,403,429]" name="Zimbabwe" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Zimbabwe</collectingCountry>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F54C754BBC98AA1B7C0FE61" author="Hoogstraal, H." box="[481,686,402,429]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" refId="ref202266" refString="Hoogstraal, H. (1956 a) African Ixodoidea. I. Ticks of the Sudan (with special reference to Equatoria Province and with preliminary reviews of the genera Boophilus, Margaropus and Hyalomma). Research Report NM 005 050. 29. 07, Department of the Navy, Bureau of Medicine and Surgery, Washington D. C., 1101 pp." type="book" year="1956">
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Hoogstraal 1956
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F54C754B8898AA0B7C0FE61" author="Santos Dias, J. A. T." box="[673,686,402,429]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" pagination="459 - 563" refId="ref250911" refString="Santos Dias, J. A. T. (1958 a) Notes on various ticks (Acarina - Ixodidae) in collection at some entomological institutes in Paris and London. Anais do Instituto de Medicina Tropical, 15, 459 - 563." type="journal article" year="1958">a</bibRefCitation>
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</bibRefCitation>
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, Santos Dias 1958a,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F54C754B9888AA1B1DBFE61" author="Morel, P. C. & Magimel, J." box="[928,1205,402,429]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" pagination="53 - 58" refId="ref232410" refString="Morel, P. C. & Magimel, J. (1959) Les tiques des animaux domestiques de la region de Fort-Lamy (Tchad) et de Fort-Foureau (Cameroun). Revue d'Elevage et de Medecine Veterinaire des Pays Tropicaux, 12, 53 - 58. https: // doi. org / 10.19182 / remvt. 7066" type="journal article" year="1959">Morel & Magimel 1959</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F54C754BEE88AA1B0F6FE61" author="Aeschlimann, A." box="[1216,1432,403,429]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" pagination="281 - 405" refId="ref167319" refString="Aeschlimann, A. (1967) Biologie et ecologie des tiques (Ixodoidea) de Cote d'Ivoire. Acta Tropica, 24, 281 - 405." type="journal article" year="1967">Aeschlimann 1967</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F54C754BABF8A85B4C2FE1D" author="Yeoman, G. H. & Walker, J. B." box="[151,428,439,465]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" refId="ref266297" refString="Yeoman, G. H. & Walker, J. B. (1967) The ixodid ticks of Tanzania. A study of the zoogeography of the Ixodidae of an East African country. Commonwealth Institute of Entomology, London, 215 pp." type="book" year="1967">Yeoman & Walker 1967</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F54C754BB908A85B70EFE1D" author="Keirans, J. E." box="[440,608,438,465]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" pagination="1 - 1785" refId="ref214582" refString="Keirans, J. E. (1985 b) George Henry Falkiner Nuttall and the Nuttall tick catalogue. United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Miscellaneous Publication, (1438), 1 - 1785. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 65326" type="journal article" year="1985">
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Keirans 1985
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F54C754B8798A84B70EFE1D" author="Walker, J. B. & Olwage, A." box="[593,608,438,465]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" pagination="353 - 379" refId="ref263132" refString="Walker, J. B. & Olwage, A. (1987) The tick vectors of Cowdria ruminantium (Ixodoidea, Ixodidae, genus Amblyomma) and their distribution. Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research, 54, 353 - 379." type="journal article" year="1987">b</bibRefCitation>
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</bibRefCitation>
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, Matthysse & Colbo 1987,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F54C754B9B18A85B1C7FE1D" author="Walker, J. B. & Olwage, A." box="[921,1193,439,465]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" pagination="353 - 379" refId="ref263132" refString="Walker, J. B. & Olwage, A. (1987) The tick vectors of Cowdria ruminantium (Ixodoidea, Ixodidae, genus Amblyomma) and their distribution. Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research, 54, 353 - 379." type="journal article" year="1987">Walker & Olwage 1987</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F54C754BE9D8A85B025FE1D" author="Tandon, S. K." box="[1205,1355,439,465]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" pagination="1 - 175" refId="ref256942" refString="Tandon, S. K. (1991) The ixodid ticks of Zambia (Acarina: Ixodidae). A study of distribution, ecology and host relationships. Occasional Paper of the Records of the Zoological Survey of India, 134, 1 - 175." type="journal article" year="1991">Tandon 1991</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F54C754BF708A85B5BCFE39" author="Morel, P. C." pageId="63" pageNumber="64" refId="ref232231" refString="Morel, P. C. (2003) Les tiques d'Afrique et du Bassin mediterraneen (1965 - 1995). CIRAD-EMVT, 1342 pp." type="book" year="2003">Morel 2003</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F54C754BAF48AE9B768FE39" author="Ntiamoa-Baidu, Y. & Carr-Saunders, C. & Matthews, B. E. & Preston, P. M. & Walker, A. R." box="[220,518,475,501]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" pagination="245 - 260" refId="ref237264" refString="Ntiamoa-Baidu, Y., Carr-Saunders, C., Matthews, B. E., Preston, P. M. & Walker, A. R. (2004) An updated list of the ticks of Ghana and an assessment of the distribution of the ticks of Ghanaian wild mammals in different vegetation zones. Bulletin of Entomological Research, 94, 245 - 260. https: // doi. org / 10.1079 / BER 2004302" type="journal article" year="2004">
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Ntiamoa-Baidu
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<emphasis id="B94B07520F54C754BBA68AE9B4A8FE39" box="[398,454,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">et al.</emphasis>
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2004
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</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F54C754B8388AE9B7DDFE39" author="Burridge, M. J." box="[528,691,475,501]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" refId="ref178986" refString="Burridge, M. J. (2011) Non-Native and Invasive Ticks. Threats to Human and Animal Health in the United States. University of Florida Press, Gainesville, 448 pp." type="book" year="2011">Burridge 2011</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F54C754B8958AE9B6E3FE39" author="Pourrut, X. & Emane, K. A. & Camicas, J. L. & Leroy, E. & Gonzalez, J. P." box="[701,909,475,501]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" pagination="465 - 471" refId="ref244172" refString="Pourrut, X., Emane, K. A., Camicas, J. L., Leroy, E. & Gonzalez, J. P. (2011) Contribution to the knowledge of ticks (Acarina: Ixodidae) in Gabon. Acarologia, 51, 465 - 471. https: // doi. org / 10.1051 / acarologia / 20112028" type="journal article" year="2011">
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Pourrut
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<emphasis id="B94B07520F54C754B93F8AE9B620FE39" box="[791,846,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">et al.</emphasis>
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2011
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</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F54C754B9BF8AE9B1CFFE39" author="ElGhali, A. & Hassan, S. M." box="[919,1185,475,501]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" pagination="1 - 6" refId="ref191264" refString="ElGhali, A. & Hassan, S. M. (2012) Ticks infesting animals in the Sudan and southern Sudan: past and current status: research communication. Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research, 79, 1 - 6. https: // doi. org / 10.4102 / ojvr. v 79 i 1.431" type="journal article" year="2012">ElGhali & Hassan 2012</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F54C754BE838AE9B0F6FE39" author="Uilenberg, G. & Estrada-Pena, A. & Thal, J." box="[1195,1432,475,501]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" pagination="1 - 40" refId="ref260920" refString="Uilenberg, G., Estrada-Pena, A. & Thal, J. (2013) Ticks of the Central African Republic. Experimental and Applied Acarology, 60, 1 - 40. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 10493 - 012 - 9605 - 2" type="journal article" year="2013">
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Uilenberg
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<emphasis id="B94B07520F54C754BF098AE9B036FE39" box="[1313,1368,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">et al.</emphasis>
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2013
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</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F54C754BABF8ACDB430FDD5" author="Horak, I. G. & Heyne, H. & Williams, R. & Gallivan, G. J. & Spickett, A. & Bezuidenhout, J. D. & Estrada-Pena, A." box="[151,350,511,537]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" refId="ref208796" refString="Horak, I. G., Heyne, H., Williams, R., Gallivan, G. J., Spickett, A., Bezuidenhout, J. D. & Estrada-Pena, A. (2018) The ixodid ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) of southern Africa. Springer, Cham, 676 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 3 - 319 - 70642 - 9" type="book" year="2018">
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Horak
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<emphasis id="B94B07520F54C754BACC8ACDB472FDD5" box="[228,284,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">et al.</emphasis>
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2018
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</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F54C754BB418ACDB72CFDD5" author="Olivieri, E. & Kariuki, E. & Floriano, A. M. & Castelli, M. & Tafesse, Y. M. & Magoga, G. & Kumsa, B. & Montagna, B. & Sassera, D." box="[361,578,511,537]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" pagination="427 - 448" refId="ref239145" refString="Olivieri, E., Kariuki, E., Floriano, A. M., Castelli, M., Tafesse, Y. M., Magoga, G., Kumsa, B., Montagna, B. & Sassera, D. (2021) Multi-country investigation of the diversity and associated microorganisms isolated from tick species from domestic animals, wildlife and vegetation in selected African countries. Experimental and Applied Acarology, 83, 427 - 448. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 10493 - 021 - 00598 - 3" type="journal article" year="2021">
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Olivieri
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<emphasis id="B94B07520F54C754BBEF8ACDB76EFDD5" box="[455,512,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">et al.</emphasis>
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2021
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</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C32588CB0F54C754BAEF8911B65FFD3D" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8B80DB400F54C754BAEF8911B192FDF1" blockId="63.[151,1437,258,753]" box="[199,1276,546,573]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
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The presence of
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<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F54C754BBA98911B705FDF1" box="[385,619,547,573]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Amblyomma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tholloni">
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<emphasis id="B94B07520F54C754BBA98911B705FDF1" box="[385,619,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Amblyomma tholloni</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F54C754B8A78911B7AAFDF1" box="[655,708,547,573]" name="Serbia" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Mali</collectingCountry>
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is based on data provided by
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F54C754BE398911B199FDF1" author="Santos Dias, J. A. T." box="[1041,1271,546,573]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" pagination="459 - 563" refId="ref250911" refString="Santos Dias, J. A. T. (1958 a) Notes on various ticks (Acarina - Ixodidae) in collection at some entomological institutes in Paris and London. Anais do Instituto de Medicina Tropical, 15, 459 - 563." type="journal article" year="1958">Santos Dias (1958a)</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B80DB400F54C754BAEF8975B65FFD3D" blockId="63.[151,1437,258,753]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F54C754BAEF8975B413FDAD" author="Keirans, J. E." box="[199,381,582,609]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" pagination="1 - 1785" refId="ref214582" refString="Keirans, J. E. (1985 b) George Henry Falkiner Nuttall and the Nuttall tick catalogue. United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Miscellaneous Publication, (1438), 1 - 1785. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 65326" type="journal article" year="1985">Keirans (1985b)</bibRefCitation>
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tentatively classified as
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|
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F54C754B8A58975B618FDAD" box="[653,886,583,609]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Amblyomma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tholloni">
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<emphasis id="B94B07520F54C754B8A58975B618FDAD" box="[653,886,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Amblyomma tholloni</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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a female specimen collected in
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F54C754BEF08975B054FDAD" box="[1240,1338,583,609]" name="Ethiopia" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Ethiopia</collectingCountry>
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, and that country is not included within the geographic distribution of this tick.
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F54C754B98F8959B135FD49" author="Burridge, M. J." box="[935,1115,619,645]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" refId="ref178986" refString="Burridge, M. J. (2011) Non-Native and Invasive Ticks. Threats to Human and Animal Health in the United States. University of Florida Press, Gainesville, 448 pp." type="book" year="2011">Burridge (2011)</bibRefCitation>
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and
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F54C754BEB98959B018FD49" author="Kariuki, E. & Kutima, H. & Koch, M. & Horak, I. G. & Jooste, R. & Neves, L." box="[1169,1398,619,645]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" pagination="1 - 5" refId="ref213739" refString="Kariuki, E., Kutima, H., Koch, M., Horak, I. G., Jooste, R. & Neves, L. (2019) Ixodid ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) collected from African savanna elephants (Loxodonta africana) and African forest elephants (Loxodonta cyclotis). Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research, 86 (1) (article a 1781), 1 - 5. https: // doi. org / 10.4102 / ojvr. v 86 i 1.1781" type="journal article" year="2019">
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Kariuki
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<emphasis id="B94B07520F54C754BEC58959B04BFD49" box="[1261,1317,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">et al.</emphasis>
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(2019)
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</bibRefCitation>
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included
|
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F54C754BAC089BDB440FD65" box="[232,302,655,681]" name="Sudan" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Sudan</collectingCountry>
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within the range of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F54C754B82689BDB799FD65" box="[526,759,655,681]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Amblyomma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tholloni">
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|
<emphasis id="B94B07520F54C754B82689BDB799FD65" box="[526,759,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Amblyomma tholloni</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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|
, but no
|
|
<emphasis id="B94B07520F54C754B97989BDB6D4FD65" box="[849,954,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">bona fide</emphasis>
|
|
records of this tick have been found within the current territory of
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F54C754BBB28981B48AFD01" box="[410,484,691,717]" name="Sudan" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Sudan</collectingCountry>
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.
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F54C754BBC78981B663FD01" author="Walker, J. B. & Olwage, A." box="[495,781,691,717]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" pagination="353 - 379" refId="ref263132" refString="Walker, J. B. & Olwage, A. (1987) The tick vectors of Cowdria ruminantium (Ixodoidea, Ixodidae, genus Amblyomma) and their distribution. Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research, 54, 353 - 379." type="journal article" year="1987">Walker & Olwage (1987)</bibRefCitation>
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stated that
|
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<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F54C754B9A78981B114FD01" box="[911,1146,691,717]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Amblyomma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tholloni">
|
|
<emphasis id="B94B07520F54C754B9A78981B114FD01" box="[911,1146,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Amblyomma tholloni</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
is no longer found where its principal host, the African elephant, has been extirpated.
|
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</paragraph>
|
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |