587 lines
80 KiB
XML
587 lines
80 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="715979B4D0A562763ED521F4634D3E54">Fourteen New, Endemic Species Of Shrew (Genus Crocidura) From Sulawesi Reveal A Spectacular Island Radiation</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="55B794999C7438486D9CEEE11A8E121D">Esselstyn, Jacob A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="765596F9FA17D6E6DC7BCF699485E793">Achmadi, Anang S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="BDA3C07CA9C39A57585DDEC964E77253">Handika, Heru</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="535ABC07D7DDC2AC6E04A142D018146B">Swanson, Mark T.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="67FA1215A949DEEB2BB1020F8A96CDE3">Giarla, Thomas C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="E950D01658C4F4F65BC0D6641972B949">Rowe, Kevin C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="9FF6E4C3652DE678B84E656553BF953A">Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="0E8EF36D79D0BD4C166CBF317830F96C">2021</mods:date>
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<heading id="D0D4B5620138E92E4F93FA23FDDAB1BE" box="[160,583,1441,1466]" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="33" pageNumber="33" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="4C23798D0138E92E4F93FA23FE25B1BD" authority="Esselstyn & Achmadi & Handika & Swanson & Giarla & Rowe, 2021" authorityName="Esselstyn & Achmadi & Handika & Swanson & Giarla & Rowe" authorityYear="2021" box="[160,440,1441,1465]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="33" pageNumber="33" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="microelongata" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B957DE1C0138E92E4F93FA23FE25B1BD" bold="true" box="[160,440,1441,1465]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="33">Crocidura microelongata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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</emphasis>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26463670138E92E4EF4FA20FDDAB1BE" box="[455,583,1442,1466]" pageId="33" pageNumber="33" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</heading>
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<subSubSection id="C33951850138E92E4FC1FA51FE50B229" pageId="33" pageNumber="33" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8B9C020E0138E92E4FC1FA51FE50B229" blockId="33.[162,582,1491,1581]" pageId="33" pageNumber="33">
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<heading id="D0D4B5620138E92E4FC1FA51FE50B229" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="33" pageNumber="33" reason="4">
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<collectionCode id="ED329ACB0138E92E4FC1FA51FEB3B1EF" box="[242,302,1491,1515]" pageId="33" pageNumber="33">LSID</collectionCode>
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:
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urn:lsid:zoobank. org:act:
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</uri>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9C020E0138E92E4F5FF9C9FE68B267" blockId="33.[108,637,1611,1736]" box="[108,501,1611,1635]" pageId="33" pageNumber="33">
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<heading id="D0D4B5620138E92E4F5FF9C9FE68B267" box="[108,501,1611,1635]" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="33" pageNumber="33" reason="6">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB3325200138E92E4F5FF9C9FE68B267" box="[108,501,1611,1635]" pageId="33" pageNumber="33">
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<treatmentCitation id="0A82241F0138E92E4F5FF9C9FE6CB267" author="Ruedi, M." box="[108,497,1611,1635]" page="251" pageId="33" pageNumber="33" year="1995">
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<taxonomicName id="4C23798D0138E92E4F5FF9C9FE6CB267" ID-CoL="ZK49" authority="Ruedi, 1995: 251" authorityName="Ruedi" authorityPageNumber="251" authorityYear="1995" box="[108,497,1611,1635]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="33" pageNumber="33" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="elongata">
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||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C0138E92E4F5FF9C9FEA9B267" box="[108,308,1611,1635]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="33">Crocidura elongata</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB27FFF0138E92E4E08F9C9FE6CB267" author="Ruedi, M." box="[315,497,1611,1635]" pageId="33" pageNumber="33" pagination="211 - 265" refId="ref60758" refString="Ruedi, M. 1995. Taxonomic revision of shrews of the genus Crocidura from the Sunda Shelf and Sulawesi with description of two new species (Mammalia: Soricidae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 115: 211 - 265." type="journal article" year="1995">Ruedi, 1995: 251</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C33951850138E92E4FAEF9EFFEC6B281" box="[157,347,1645,1669]" pageId="33" pageNumber="33" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B9C020E0138E92E4FAEF9EFFEC6B281" blockId="33.[108,637,1611,1736]" box="[157,347,1645,1669]" pageId="33" pageNumber="33">Misidentification.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33951850138E92E4FBFF90DFC33B2CD" pageId="33" pageNumber="33" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8B9C020E0138E92E4FBFF90DFC33B2CD" blockId="33.[108,637,1611,1736]" lastBlockId="33.[684,1213,1382,1737]" pageId="33" pageNumber="33">
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<materialsCitation id="3B4B08530138E92E4FBFF90DFC33B2CD" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3421079357" accessionNumber="MZB 43000" collectingDate="2011-03-01" collectionCode="MZB, FMNH" collectorName="J. A. Esselstyn. The" country="Indonesia" county="Enrekang" elevation="2050" latitude="-3.40755" location="Latimojong Village" longLatPrecision="5" longitude="120.0078" municipality="Buntu Bato" pageId="33" pageNumber="33" specimenCode="MZB 43000, FMNH 213426" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Sulawesi Selatan" typeStatus="holotype">
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<typeStatus id="5498BCAC0138E92E4FBFF90DFE9EB2A3" box="[140,259,1679,1703]" pageId="33" pageNumber="33" type="holotype">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
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:
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(=
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<specimenCode id="DB85AA750138E92E4EF7F90DFDEDB2A2" box="[452,624,1678,1702]" collectionCode="FMNH" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34795" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34795" name="Field Museum of Natural History" pageId="33" pageNumber="33" type="Museum">FMNH 213426</specimenCode>
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), an adult
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<specimenCount id="9D25C9870138E92E4FFFF92DFE9EB2C3" box="[204,259,1711,1735]" pageId="33" pageNumber="33" type="male">male</specimenCount>
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, collected on
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<date id="FF9D24CE0138E92E4EABF932FDB0B2CC" box="[408,557,1711,1736]" pageId="33" pageNumber="33" value="2011-03-01">
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<collectingDate id="EFD9DD260138E92E4EABF932FDB0B2CC" box="[408,557,1711,1736]" pageId="33" pageNumber="33" value="2011-03-01">1 March 2011</collectingDate>
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</date>
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by
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||
<collectorName id="26D667D80138E92E4D66F932FCDAB17A" box="[597,839,1382,1736]" pageId="33" pageNumber="33">J.A. Esselstyn. The</collectorName>
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||
specimen comprises a study skin, cleaned skull and skeleton, and frozen tissue samples. External measurements from the holotype are
|
||
<quantity id="4CDBAFEB0138E92E4C38FA48FCFAB1E5" box="[779,871,1482,1506]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.06" pageId="33" pageNumber="33" unit="mm" value="206.0">206 mm</quantity>
|
||
×
|
||
<quantity id="4CDBAFEB0138E92E4CB5FA48FC7FB1E5" box="[902,994,1482,1506]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1099999999999999" pageId="33" pageNumber="33" unit="mm" value="111.0">111 mm</quantity>
|
||
×
|
||
<quantity id="4CDBAFEB0138E92E4B33FA48FBD2B1E5" box="[1024,1103,1482,1506]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="33" pageNumber="33" unit="mm" value="20.0">20 mm</quantity>
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×
|
||
<quantity id="4CDBAFEB0138E92E4B5DFA48FB20B1E5" box="[1134,1213,1482,1506]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="33" pageNumber="33" unit="mm" value="10.0">10 mm</quantity>
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=
|
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<quantity id="4CDBAFEB0138E92E4DFAFA69FC8FB207" box="[713,786,1515,1539]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="1.25" pageId="33" pageNumber="33" unit="g" value="12.5">12.5 g</quantity>
|
||
. The voucher specimen and a tissue sample will be permanently curated at MZB, with another tissue sample retained at FMNH. TYPE LOCALITY:
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F334429E0138E92E4CB4F9CCFC69B262" box="[903,1012,1614,1638]" name="Indonesia" pageId="33" pageNumber="33">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
|
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,
|
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<collectingRegion id="49E7CCEC0138E92E4B31F9CCFB25B262" box="[1026,1208,1614,1638]" country="Indonesia" name="Sulawesi Selatan" pageId="33" pageNumber="33">Sulawesi Selatan</collectingRegion>
|
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,
|
||
<collectingCounty id="62FD7A820138E92E4D9FF9EDFC86B283" box="[684,795,1647,1671]" pageId="33" pageNumber="33">Enrekang</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BF898740138E92E4C02F9F2FC21B283" box="[817,956,1648,1671]" pageId="33" pageNumber="33">Buntu Bato</collectingMunicipality>
|
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,
|
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<location id="8EFC54D50138E92E4CE1F9EDFB25B283" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038AB3180138E92C4F93FA23FC68B0BD:8EFC54D50138E92E4CE1F9EDFB25B283" box="[978,1208,1647,1671]" country="Indonesia" county="Enrekang" latitude="-3.40755" longLatPrecision="5" longitude="120.0078" municipality="Buntu Bato" name="Latimojong Village" pageId="33" pageNumber="33" stateProvince="Sulawesi Selatan">Latimojong Village</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EFC54D50138E92E4D9FF913FC85B2AD" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038AB3180138E92C4F93FA23FC68B0BD:8EFC54D50138E92E4D9FF913FC85B2AD" box="[684,792,1681,1705]" country="Indonesia" county="Enrekang" latitude="-3.40755" longLatPrecision="5" longitude="120.0078" municipality="Buntu Bato" name="Karangan" pageId="33" pageNumber="33" stateProvince="Sulawesi Selatan">Karangan</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EFC54D50138E92E4C17F913FC4EB2AC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038AB3180138E92C4F93FA23FC68B0BD:8EFC54D50138E92E4C17F913FC4EB2AC" box="[804,979,1680,1704]" country="Indonesia" county="Enrekang" latitude="-3.40755" longLatPrecision="5" longitude="120.0078" municipality="Buntu Bato" name="Mt. Latimojong" pageId="33" pageNumber="33" stateProvince="Sulawesi Selatan">Mt. Latimojong</location>
|
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,
|
||
<location id="8EFC54D50138E92E4CD3F913FBCCB2AC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038AB3180138E92C4F93FA23FC68B0BD:8EFC54D50138E92E4CD3F913FBCCB2AC" box="[992,1105,1681,1704]" country="Indonesia" county="Enrekang" latitude="-3.40755" longLatPrecision="5" longitude="120.0078" municipality="Buntu Bato" name="Bantanase" pageId="33" pageNumber="33" stateProvince="Sulawesi Selatan">Bantanase</location>
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||
;
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE1764C90138E92E4B6DF912FD26B2CD" degrees="3.40755" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="33" pageNumber="33" precision="1" value="-3.40755">3.40755° S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE1764C90138E92E4DF5F933FCD7B2CD" box="[710,842,1713,1737]" degrees="120.0078" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="33" pageNumber="33" precision="5" value="120.0078">120.0078° E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4CDBAFEB0138E92E4C65F933FC37B2CD" box="[854,938,1713,1737]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.05" pageId="33" pageNumber="33" unit="m" value="2050.0">
|
||
<elevation id="000EE53D0138E92E4C65F933FC37B2CD" box="[854,938,1713,1737]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.05" pageId="33" pageNumber="33" unit="m" value="2050.0">2050 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF5C5286013BE92D4D52FF60FCE4B540" ID-Table-UUID="DF5C5286013BE92D4D52FF60FCE4B540" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF5C5286013BE92D4D52FF60FCE4B540" pageId="34" pageNumber="34" startId="34.[609,689,226,250]" targetBox="[119,1181,358,1139]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="34">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9C020E013BE92D4D52FF60FD58B4FD" blockId="34.[284,1035,225,324]" box="[609,709,225,250]" pageId="34" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<heading id="D0D4B562013BE92D4D52FF60FD58B4FD" box="[609,709,225,250]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="34" pageNumber="34" reason="4">TABLE 5</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9C020E013BE92D4E2FFE93FCE4B540" blockId="34.[284,1035,225,324]" pageId="34" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C013BE92D4E2FFE93FE72B523" bold="true" box="[284,495,273,295]" pageId="34" pageNumber="34">Descriptive Statistics</emphasis>
|
||
<superScript id="7C56AF46013BE92D4EDCFE92FE6BB51A" attach="left" box="[495,502,272,286]" fontSize="6" pageId="34" pageNumber="34">a</superScript>
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C013BE92D4ECFFE93FCE4B540" bold="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="34">
|
||
for Craniodental Measurements (mm) for Species of the Long-Tailed Group of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E7CCEC013BE92D4D8BFEACFC93B540" box="[696,782,302,324]" country="Indonesia" name="Sulawesi Utara" pageId="34" pageNumber="34">Sulawesi</collectingRegion>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D013BE92D4C26FEACFCE4B540" box="[789,889,302,324]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="34" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C013BE92D4C26FEACFCE4B540" bold="true" box="[789,889,302,324]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="34">Crocidura</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9C020E013BE92D4EF1FEE4FB0EB077" pageId="34" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<table id="F923F0AE013B16F04F44FEE4FB00B077" box="[119,1181,358,1139]" gridcols="5" gridrows="13" pageId="34" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<tr id="3513004C013B16F04F44FEE4FB00B57D" box="[119,1181,358,377]" gridrow="0" pageId="34" pageNumber="34" rowspan-0="1">
|
||
<th id="76C26930013B16F04E89FEE4FDA2B57D" box="[442,575,358,377]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="34" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D013BE92D4EF1FEE4FDA5B57D" box="[450,568,358,377]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="34" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caudipilosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C013BE92D4EF1FEE4FDA5B57D" box="[450,568,358,377]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="34">C. caudipilosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th id="76C26930013B16F04D4BFEE4FC9AB57D" box="[632,775,358,377]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="34" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D013BE92D4DA3FEE4FD72B57D" authorityName="Ruedi" authorityYear="1995" box="[656,751,358,377]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="34" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="elongata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C013BE92D4DA3FEE4FD72B57D" box="[656,751,358,377]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="34">C. elongata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th id="76C26930013B16F04C71FEE4FC4CB57D" box="[834,977,358,377]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="34" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D013BE92D4C71FEE4FC4CB57D" authorityName="Esselstyn & Achmadi & Handika & Swanson & Giarla & Rowe" authorityYear="2021" box="[834,977,358,377]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="34" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="microelongata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C013BE92D4C71FEE4FC4CB57D" box="[834,977,358,377]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="34">C. microelongata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th id="76C26930013B16F04B3DFEE4FB00B57D" box="[1038,1181,358,377]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="34" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D013BE92D4B23FEE4FB07B57D" box="[1040,1178,358,377]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="34" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="quasielongata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C013BE92D4B23FEE4FB07B57D" box="[1040,1178,358,377]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="34">C. quasielongata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3513004C013B16F04F44FE09FB00B5BD" box="[119,1181,395,441]" gridrow="1" pageId="34" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<th id="76C26930013B16F04F44FE09FED6B5BD" box="[119,331,395,441]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="34" pageNumber="34">Condyloincisive length</th>
|
||
<td id="76C26930013B16F04E89FE09FDA2B5BD" box="[442,575,395,441]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="34" pageNumber="34">20.76 ± 0.624 (19.54–22.2) 44</td>
|
||
<td id="76C26930013B16F04D4BFE09FC9AB5BD" box="[632,775,395,441]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="34" pageNumber="34">24.35 ± 0.502 (23.15–25.46) 44</td>
|
||
<td id="76C26930013B16F04C71FE09FC4CB5BD" box="[834,977,395,441]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="34" pageNumber="34">21.9 ± 0.749 (20.3–23.14) 35</td>
|
||
<td id="76C26930013B16F04B3DFE09FB00B5BD" box="[1038,1181,395,441]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="34" pageNumber="34">24.25 ± 0.663 (22.32–25.23) 40</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3513004C013B16F04F44FE48FB00B5FC" box="[119,1181,458,504]" gridrow="2" pageId="34" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<th id="76C26930013B16F04F44FE48FED6B5FC" box="[119,331,458,504]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="34" pageNumber="34">Braincase breadth</th>
|
||
<td id="76C26930013B16F04E89FE48FDA2B5FC" box="[442,575,458,504]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="34" pageNumber="34">9.46 ± 0.232 (9.0–9.99) 44</td>
|
||
<td id="76C26930013B16F04D4BFE48FC9AB5FC" box="[632,775,458,504]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="34" pageNumber="34">9.73 ± 0.263 (9.16–10.22) 42</td>
|
||
<td id="76C26930013B16F04C71FE48FC4CB5FC" box="[834,977,458,504]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="34" pageNumber="34">9.59 ± 0.229 (8.9–10.12) 33</td>
|
||
<td id="76C26930013B16F04B3DFE48FB00B5FC" box="[1038,1181,458,504]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="34" pageNumber="34">9.81 ± 0.272 (9.26–10.48) 40</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3513004C013B16F04F44FD88FB00B63C" box="[119,1181,522,568]" gridrow="3" pageId="34" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<th id="76C26930013B16F04F44FD88FED6B63C" box="[119,331,522,568]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="34" pageNumber="34">Interorbital width</th>
|
||
<td id="76C26930013B16F04E89FD88FDA2B63C" box="[442,575,522,568]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="34" pageNumber="34">4.47 ± 0.151 (4.1–4.84) 44</td>
|
||
<td id="76C26930013B16F04D4BFD88FC9AB63C" box="[632,775,522,568]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="34" pageNumber="34">5.04 ± 0.17 (4.67–5.35) 44</td>
|
||
<td id="76C26930013B16F04C71FD88FC4CB63C" box="[834,977,522,568]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="34" pageNumber="34">5.01 ± 0.182 (4.69–5.35) 33</td>
|
||
<td id="76C26930013B16F04B3DFD88FB00B63C" box="[1038,1181,522,568]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="34" pageNumber="34">5.01 ± 0.179 (4.63–5.45) 41</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3513004C013B16F04F44FDCBFB00B673" box="[119,1181,585,631]" gridrow="4" pageId="34" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<th id="76C26930013B16F04F44FDCBFED6B673" box="[119,331,585,631]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="34" pageNumber="34">Rostral length</th>
|
||
<td id="76C26930013B16F04E89FDCBFDA2B673" box="[442,575,585,631]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="34" pageNumber="34">8.32 ± 0.313 (7.59–9.05) 44</td>
|
||
<td id="76C26930013B16F04D4BFDCBFC9AB673" box="[632,775,585,631]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="34" pageNumber="34">9.69 ± 0.276 (9.16-10.16) 44</td>
|
||
<td id="76C26930013B16F04C71FDCBFC4CB673" box="[834,977,585,631]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="34" pageNumber="34">8.59 ± 0.263 (7.91–9.03) 33</td>
|
||
<td id="76C26930013B16F04B3DFDCBFB00B673" box="[1038,1181,585,631]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="34" pageNumber="34">9.79 ± 0.307 (8.71–10.27) 41</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3513004C013B16F04F44FD0BFB00B6B3" box="[119,1181,649,695]" gridrow="5" pageId="34" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<th id="76C26930013B16F04F44FD0BFED6B6B3" box="[119,331,649,695]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="34" pageNumber="34">Postpalatal width</th>
|
||
<td id="76C26930013B16F04E89FD0BFDA2B6B3" box="[442,575,649,695]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="34" pageNumber="34">3.77 ± 0.125 (3.52–4.05) 44</td>
|
||
<td id="76C26930013B16F04D4BFD0BFC9AB6B3" box="[632,775,649,695]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="34" pageNumber="34">4.33 ± 0.13 (4.1–4.64) 44</td>
|
||
<td id="76C26930013B16F04C71FD0BFC4CB6B3" box="[834,977,649,695]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="34" pageNumber="34">4.21 ± 0.118 (4.0–4.48) 33</td>
|
||
<td id="76C26930013B16F04B3DFD0BFB00B6B3" box="[1038,1181,649,695]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="34" pageNumber="34">4.41 ± 0.156 (4.1–4.8) 41</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3513004C013B16F04F44FD4AFB00B6F2" box="[119,1181,712,758]" gridrow="6" pageId="34" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<th id="76C26930013B16F04F44FD4AFED6B6F2" box="[119,331,712,758]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="34" pageNumber="34">Rostral width</th>
|
||
<td id="76C26930013B16F04E89FD4AFDA2B6F2" box="[442,575,712,758]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="34" pageNumber="34">2.92 ± 0.146 (2.63–3.22) 44</td>
|
||
<td id="76C26930013B16F04D4BFD4AFC9AB6F2" box="[632,775,712,758]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="34" pageNumber="34">3.22 ± 0.116 (2.98–3.47) 44</td>
|
||
<td id="76C26930013B16F04C71FD4AFC4CB6F2" box="[834,977,712,758]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="34" pageNumber="34">3.03 ± 0.163 (2.62–3.4) 35</td>
|
||
<td id="76C26930013B16F04B3DFD4AFB00B6F2" box="[1038,1181,712,758]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="34" pageNumber="34">3.29 ± 0.178 (3.04–3.74) 41</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3513004C013B16F04F44FC8AFB00B732" box="[119,1181,776,822]" gridrow="7" pageId="34" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<th id="76C26930013B16F04F44FC8AFED6B732" box="[119,331,776,822]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="34" pageNumber="34">Postpalatal length</th>
|
||
<td id="76C26930013B16F04E89FC8AFDA2B732" box="[442,575,776,822]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="34" pageNumber="34">9.44 ± 0.321 (8.82–10.24) 43</td>
|
||
<td id="76C26930013B16F04D4BFC8AFC9AB732" box="[632,775,776,822]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="34" pageNumber="34">11.1 ± 0.265 (10.44–11.84) 44</td>
|
||
<td id="76C26930013B16F04C71FC8AFC4CB732" box="[834,977,776,822]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="34" pageNumber="34">9.89 ± 0.329 (9.18–10.44) 35</td>
|
||
<td id="76C26930013B16F04B3DFC8AFB00B732" box="[1038,1181,776,822]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="34" pageNumber="34">11.0 ± 0.387 (10.29–11.75) 40</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3513004C013B16F04F44FCC5FB00B771" box="[119,1181,839,885]" gridrow="8" pageId="34" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<th id="76C26930013B16F04F44FCC5FED6B771" box="[119,331,839,885]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="34" pageNumber="34">Condyle to glenoid fossa</th>
|
||
<td id="76C26930013B16F04E89FCC5FDA2B771" box="[442,575,839,885]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="34" pageNumber="34">8.25 ± 0.214 (7.89–8.76) 44</td>
|
||
<td id="76C26930013B16F04D4BFCC5FC9AB771" box="[632,775,839,885]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="34" pageNumber="34">9.68 ± 0.211 (9.24–10.09) 44</td>
|
||
<td id="76C26930013B16F04C71FCC5FC4CB771" box="[834,977,839,885]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="34" pageNumber="34">8.85 ± 0.316 (8.17–9.36) 35</td>
|
||
<td id="76C26930013B16F04B3DFCC5FB00B771" box="[1038,1181,839,885]" gridcol="4" gridrow="8" pageId="34" pageNumber="34">9.38 ± 0.26 (8.88–9.93) 40</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3513004C013B16F04F44FC05FB00B7B1" box="[119,1181,903,949]" gridrow="9" pageId="34" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<th id="76C26930013B16F04F44FC05FED6B7B1" box="[119,331,903,949]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="34" pageNumber="34">Upper toothrow length</th>
|
||
<td id="76C26930013B16F04E89FC05FDA2B7B1" box="[442,575,903,949]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="34" pageNumber="34">9.07 ± 0.283 (8.49–9.66) 44</td>
|
||
<td id="76C26930013B16F04D4BFC05FC9AB7B1" box="[632,775,903,949]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="34" pageNumber="34">10.6 ± 0.261 (10.07–11.15) 44</td>
|
||
<td id="76C26930013B16F04C71FC05FC4CB7B1" box="[834,977,903,949]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="34" pageNumber="34">9.46 ± 0.296 (8.78–9.88) 35</td>
|
||
<td id="76C26930013B16F04B3DFC05FB00B7B1" box="[1038,1181,903,949]" gridcol="4" gridrow="9" pageId="34" pageNumber="34">10.6 ± 0.30 (9.65–11.03) 41</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3513004C013B16F04F44FC44FB00B7F0" box="[119,1181,966,1012]" gridrow="10" pageId="34" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<th id="76C26930013B16F04F44FC44FED6B7F0" box="[119,331,966,1012]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="34" pageNumber="34">P4 to M3 length</th>
|
||
<td id="76C26930013B16F04E89FC44FDA2B7F0" box="[442,575,966,1012]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="34" pageNumber="34">4.77 ± 0.15 (4.44–5.07) 44</td>
|
||
<td id="76C26930013B16F04D4BFC44FC9AB7F0" box="[632,775,966,1012]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="34" pageNumber="34">5.82 ± 0.154 (5.42–6.14) 44</td>
|
||
<td id="76C26930013B16F04C71FC44FC4CB7F0" box="[834,977,966,1012]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="34" pageNumber="34">5.28 ± 0.179 (4.95–5.62) 35</td>
|
||
<td id="76C26930013B16F04B3DFC44FB00B7F0" box="[1038,1181,966,1012]" gridcol="4" gridrow="10" pageId="34" pageNumber="34">5.86 ± 0.195 (5.21–6.15) 41</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3513004C013B16F04F44FB84FB00B030" box="[119,1181,1030,1076]" gridrow="11" pageId="34" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<th id="76C26930013B16F04F44FB84FED6B030" box="[119,331,1030,1076]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="34" pageNumber="34">M2 to M2 labial width</th>
|
||
<td id="76C26930013B16F04E89FB84FDA2B030" box="[442,575,1030,1076]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="34" pageNumber="34">5.79 ± 0.194 (5.42–6.26) 44</td>
|
||
<td id="76C26930013B16F04D4BFB84FC9AB030" box="[632,775,1030,1076]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="34" pageNumber="34">6.9 ± 0.251 (6.38–7.37) 44</td>
|
||
<td id="76C26930013B16F04C71FB84FC4CB030" box="[834,977,1030,1076]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="34" pageNumber="34">6.32 ± 0.182 (5.93–6.69) 35</td>
|
||
<td id="76C26930013B16F04B3DFB84FB00B030" box="[1038,1181,1030,1076]" gridcol="4" gridrow="11" pageId="34" pageNumber="34">6.78 ± 0.181 (6.45–7.1) 41</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3513004C013B16F04F44FBC7FB00B077" box="[119,1181,1093,1139]" gridrow="12" pageId="34" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<th id="76C26930013B16F04F44FBC7FED6B077" box="[119,331,1093,1139]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="34" pageNumber="34">Palatal width</th>
|
||
<td id="76C26930013B16F04E89FBC7FDA2B077" box="[442,575,1093,1139]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="34" pageNumber="34">2.46 ± 0.123 (2.2–2.75) 44</td>
|
||
<td id="76C26930013B16F04D4BFBC7FC9AB077" box="[632,775,1093,1139]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="34" pageNumber="34">2.68 ± 0.125 (2.44–3.03) 44</td>
|
||
<td id="76C26930013B16F04C71FBC7FC4CB077" box="[834,977,1093,1139]" gridcol="3" gridrow="12" pageId="34" pageNumber="34">2.58 ± 0.1 (2.4–2.84) 35</td>
|
||
<td id="76C26930013B16F04B3DFBC7FB00B077" box="[1038,1181,1093,1139]" gridcol="4" gridrow="12" pageId="34" pageNumber="34">2.69 ± 0.138 (2.42–2.96) 41</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9C020E013BE92D4F5FFB09FC49B09A" blockId="34.[108,980,1163,1183]" box="[108,980,1163,1183]" pageId="34" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<tableNote id="76C50380013BE92D4F5FFB09FC49B09A" box="[108,980,1163,1183]" pageId="34" pageNumber="34" targetBox="[119,1181,358,1139]" targetPageId="34">
|
||
<superScript id="7C56AF46013BE92D4F5FFB09FFEFB093" attach="left" box="[108,114,1163,1175]" fontSize="5" pageId="34" pageNumber="34">a</superScript>
|
||
The sample mean ± one standard deviation, the observed range in parentheses, and the sample size.
|
||
</tableNote>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<subSection id="E2AC1BE5013BE92C4FBFFB63FC68B0BD" lastPageId="35" lastPageNumber="35" pageId="34" pageNumber="34" type="multiple">
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3395185013BE92D4FBFFB63FEA0B13E" pageId="34" pageNumber="34" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9C020E013BE92D4FBFFB63FEA0B13E" blockId="34.[108,638,1248,1735]" pageId="34" pageNumber="34">
|
||
ETYMOLOGY: We combine “micro” with “elongata” because this species looks like a small version of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D013BE92D4F8CFAA1FEABB13F" authorityName="Ruedi" authorityYear="1995" box="[191,310,1315,1339]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="34" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="elongata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C013BE92D4F8CFAA1FEABB13F" box="[191,310,1315,1339]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="34">C. elongata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3395185013BE92D4FBFFAC6FDE0B281" pageId="34" pageNumber="34" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9C020E013BE92D4FBFFAC6FDE0B281" blockId="34.[108,638,1248,1735]" pageId="34" pageNumber="34">
|
||
GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION: This species is broadly distributed across western portions of the west-central area of endemism of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E7CCEC013BE92D4D28FA04FDE4B19A" box="[539,633,1414,1438]" country="Indonesia" name="Sulawesi Utara" pageId="34" pageNumber="34">Sulawesi</collectingRegion>
|
||
. We identified populations from Mt. Latimojong,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E7CCEC013BE92D4F5FFA4AFEE6B1E4" box="[108,379,1480,1504]" country="Indonesia" name="Sulawesi Selatan" pageId="34" pageNumber="34">South Sulawesi Province</collectingRegion>
|
||
; Mt. Gandang Dewata,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E7CCEC013BE92D4F5FFA68FEF9B205" box="[108,356,1513,1537]" country="Indonesia" name="Sulawesi Barat" pageId="34" pageNumber="34">West Sulawesi Province</collectingRegion>
|
||
; and Mts. Torompupu and Rorekatimbo,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E7CCEC013BE92D4E37F988FD87B226" box="[260,538,1546,1570]" country="Indonesia" name="Sulawesi Tengah" pageId="34" pageNumber="34">Central Sulawesi Province</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13181E8B013BE92D4D19F988FDECB226" box="[554,625,1546,1570]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="36.[107,149,1052,1073]" captionTargetId="graphics-250@36.[275,1045,225,1023]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="FIG. 16. Map of Sulawesi showing localities sampled for shrews. Colored areas enclose localities with known records of members of the Elongata Subgroup. Although we excluded Pinedapa from the estimated geographic ranges, we suspect the two USNM specimens referred to Crocidura elongata by Miller and Hollister (1921) from this site represent C. microelongata." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5789152" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5789152/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="34">fig. 16</figureCitation>
|
||
). Recorded from approximately
|
||
<quantity id="4CDBAFEB013BE92D4E9CF9A9FE6EB247" box="[431,499,1579,1603]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="34" pageNumber="34" unit="m" value="700.0">700 m</quantity>
|
||
on Mt. Latimojong to
|
||
<quantity id="4CDBAFEB013BE92D4FD3F9CEFEB2B260" box="[224,303,1612,1636]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" pageId="34" pageNumber="34" unit="m" value="2600.0">2600 m</quantity>
|
||
on Mt. Gandang Dewata. Most specimens are from areas>
|
||
<quantity id="4CDBAFEB013BE92D4EB7F9EFFE4FB281" box="[388,466,1645,1669]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="34" pageNumber="34" unit="m" value="1500.0">1500 m</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13181E8B013BE92D4EECF9EFFDBCB281" box="[479,545,1645,1669]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="31.[104,146,1395,1419]" captionTargetBox="[104,1603,469,1356]" captionTargetId="graphics-9@31.[188,1530,466,1251]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIG. 13. Elevational records of all species of Crocidura known from Sulawesi. Each point represents a specimen. For specimens associated with a minimum and maximum elevation, we used the center of the given elevational range. Sample sizes are given above the x-axis. Species are grouped according to the species groups used in the text (Thick = Thick-Tailed Group)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5788859" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5788859/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="34">fig. 13</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6A137B5013BE92D4D19F9EFFDF2B281" box="[554,623,1645,1669]" captionStart="TABLE 3" captionStartId="27.[611,691,226,250]" captionTargetBox="[117,1200,329,1675]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="TABLE 3 Elevational Ranges (m) and Species Richness of Crocidura on Mountains of Sulawesia" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF5C52860102E9144D50FF60FBDEB51A" pageId="34" pageNumber="34" tableUuid="DF5C52860102E9144D50FF60FBDEB51A">table 3</tableCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3395185013BE92C4FBFF90DFF61B7D5" lastPageId="35" lastPageNumber="35" pageId="34" pageNumber="34" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9C020E013BE92C4FBFF90DFF61B7D5" blockId="34.[108,638,1248,1735]" lastBlockId="35.[107,639,226,1738]" lastPageId="35" lastPageNumber="35" pageId="34" pageNumber="34">
|
||
DIAGNOSIS:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D013BE92D4E3FF90CFD97B2A2" authorityName="Esselstyn & Achmadi & Handika & Swanson & Giarla & Rowe" authorityYear="2021" box="[268,522,1678,1702]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="34" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="microelongata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C013BE92D4E3FF90CFD97B2A2" box="[268,522,1678,1702]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="34">Crocidura microelongata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a somewhat large
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D013BE92D4FE8F92DFEDCB2C3" box="[219,321,1711,1735]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="34" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C013BE92D4FE8F92DFEDCB2C3" box="[219,321,1711,1735]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="34">Crocidura</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with a long tail and long, slen- der hind feet and skull (
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6A137B5013BE92D4C8FFB62FB8EB0FD" box="[956,1043,1248,1273]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="25.[610,690,226,250]" captionTargetBox="[119,1184,329,1682]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="TABLE 2 Descriptive Statisticsa for External Measurements (mm) and Mass (g) for Species of Sulawesi Crocidura" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF5C52860100E9164D51FF60FBE5B523" pageId="34" pageNumber="34" tableUuid="DF5C52860100E9164D51FF60FBE5B523">tables 2</tableCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6A137B5013BE92D4B11FB62FBACB0FC" box="[1058,1073,1248,1272]" captionStart="TABLE 5" captionStartId="34.[609,689,226,250]" captionTargetBox="[119,1181,358,1139]" captionText="TABLE 5 Descriptive Statisticsa for Craniodental Measurements (mm) for Species of the Long-Tailed Group of Sulawesi Crocidura" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF5C5286013BE92D4D52FF60FCE4B540" pageId="34" pageNumber="34" tableUuid="DF5C5286013BE92D4D52FF60FCE4B540">5</tableCitation>
|
||
). The dorsal pelage is gray-brown overall, with individual hairs having a gray-brown base and brown tip (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13181E8B013BE92D4B68FAA1FB2FB13F" box="[1115,1202,1315,1339]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="32.[108,150,1380,1401]" captionTargetBox="[108,1211,226,1354]" captionTargetId="figure-9@32.[107,1211,224,1354]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIG. 14. Images showing the ventral surface of the left hind foot and dorsal surfaces of the tail base (approximately 1 cm from rump) and tail tip from the four members of the Long-Tailed Group: A, Crocidura caudipilosa, LSUMZ 36940; B, C. quasielongata, FMNH 218551; C, C. elongata, LSUMZ 39009; and D, C. microelongata, FMNH 212998. Scale bars represent 5 mm and apply to their nearest images within each panel. The thenar (T) and hypothenar (H) pads are labeled on panel B." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5788861" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5788861/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="34">fig. 14D</figureCitation>
|
||
). The ventral pelage is more silver, comprising individual hairs with a dark gray base and silver tip. The mystacial vibrissae are dark proximally for a third of their length but white distally. The hind feet are long in absolute terms and relative to head-andbody length (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13181E8B013BE92D4C76FA6BFC16B205" box="[837,907,1513,1537]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="24.[108,150,1587,1608]" captionTargetBox="[137,1192,224,1561]" captionTargetId="graphics-9@24.[203,1191,224,1433]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIG. 9. Box plots showing variation in external measurements from all species of Sulawesi shrew. Plots show the median, 1st and 3rd quartiles, the maximum value within 1.5 × interquartile range (distance between 1st and 3rd quartiles; IQR), the minimum value within 1.5 × IQR, and outliers (black circles). Sample sizes are shown along the x-axis. Species are grouped according to the species groups used in the text (Thick = Thick- Tailed Group). All measurements in mm. HBL = head-and-body length." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5788853" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5788853/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="34">figs. 9</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13181E8B013BE92D4CAFFA6BFC24B205" box="[924,953,1513,1537]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="37.[107,149,993,1014]" captionTargetBox="[134,1190,224,965]" captionTargetId="graphics-291@37.[206,1189,224,845]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="FIG. 17. Box plots showing the length of the hind foot (HF) relative to the head-and-body length (HBL) and the ratio of mass to HBL. Plots show the median, 1st and 3rd quartiles, the maximum value within 1.5 × interquartile range (distance between 1st and 3rd quartiles; IQR), the minimum value within 1.5 × IQR, and outliers (black circles). Sample sizes are shown along the x-axis. Species are ordered along the x-axis according to the species groups used in the text (Thick = Thick-Tailed Group). Lengths are in mm and mass is in grams." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5788865" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5788865/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="34">17</figureCitation>
|
||
). Dorsally, the feet are brown, abruptly transitioning to pinkish white near the base of the phalanges (in some specimens, it is a gradual transition). Ventrally, the hind feet are nearly white, but brown pigment is present around the lateral, posterior margin of the hind foot and around the base of the thenar and hypothenar pads (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13181E8B013AE92C4F40FF60FF4FB4FE" box="[115,210,226,250]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="32.[108,150,1380,1401]" captionTargetBox="[108,1211,226,1354]" captionTargetId="figure-9@32.[107,1211,224,1354]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIG. 14. Images showing the ventral surface of the left hind foot and dorsal surfaces of the tail base (approximately 1 cm from rump) and tail tip from the four members of the Long-Tailed Group: A, Crocidura caudipilosa, LSUMZ 36940; B, C. quasielongata, FMNH 218551; C, C. elongata, LSUMZ 39009; and D, C. microelongata, FMNH 212998. Scale bars represent 5 mm and apply to their nearest images within each panel. The thenar (T) and hypothenar (H) pads are labeled on panel B." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5788861" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5788861/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="35">fig. 14D</figureCitation>
|
||
). In some specimens, the 1st and 4th interdigital pads are also pigmented around the base. The palmar surface is entirely pinkish white. The claws are translucent. The tail is subtly bicolored, with a brown dorsum and pale brown venter. Tiny applied hairs are present along the entire length of the tail, but they are barely visible to the naked eye along most of the length of the tail (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13181E8B013AE92C4D6FFE4BFF00B606" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="32.[108,150,1380,1401]" captionTargetBox="[108,1211,226,1354]" captionTargetId="figure-9@32.[107,1211,224,1354]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIG. 14. Images showing the ventral surface of the left hind foot and dorsal surfaces of the tail base (approximately 1 cm from rump) and tail tip from the four members of the Long-Tailed Group: A, Crocidura caudipilosa, LSUMZ 36940; B, C. quasielongata, FMNH 218551; C, C. elongata, LSUMZ 39009; and D, C. microelongata, FMNH 212998. Scale bars represent 5 mm and apply to their nearest images within each panel. The thenar (T) and hypothenar (H) pads are labeled on panel B." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5788861" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5788861/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="35">fig. 14D</figureCitation>
|
||
). These hairs are slightly longer and white near the tip of the tail, creating a very small distal white tuft. In a minority of specimens, the integument is also white for the distal ≤
|
||
<quantity id="4CDBAFEB013AE92C4E41FDCFFE20B661" box="[370,445,589,613]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="35" pageNumber="35" unit="mm" value="20.0">20 mm</quantity>
|
||
of the tail. The tail bristles that are common at the base of the tail of many
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D013AE92C4F82FD0DFE84B6A3" box="[177,281,655,679]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="35" pageNumber="35" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C013AE92C4F82FD0DFE84B6A3" box="[177,281,655,679]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="35">Crocidura</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are nearly absent in this species (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13181E8B013AE92C4F40FD32FF56B6CD" box="[115,203,688,713]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="32.[108,150,1380,1401]" captionTargetBox="[108,1211,226,1354]" captionTargetId="figure-9@32.[107,1211,224,1354]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIG. 14. Images showing the ventral surface of the left hind foot and dorsal surfaces of the tail base (approximately 1 cm from rump) and tail tip from the four members of the Long-Tailed Group: A, Crocidura caudipilosa, LSUMZ 36940; B, C. quasielongata, FMNH 218551; C, C. elongata, LSUMZ 39009; and D, C. microelongata, FMNH 212998. Scale bars represent 5 mm and apply to their nearest images within each panel. The thenar (T) and hypothenar (H) pads are labeled on panel B." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5788861" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5788861/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="35">fig. 14D</figureCitation>
|
||
). The skull is somewhat long and slender, with a tapering interorbital region, and moderately robust dentition (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13181E8B013AE92C4E10FD71FEEAB70F" box="[291,375,755,779]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="39.[127,169,1427,1451]" captionTargetBox="[104,1635,498,1400]" captionTargetId="figure-10@39.[104,1635,498,1400]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="FIG. 18. Images showing dorsal, ventral, and lateral views of the skull and lateral and occlusal views of the dentary of the three members of the Elongata Subgroup: A, Crocidura elongata, LSUMZ 39259; B, C. microelongata, FMNH 213426; and C, C. quasielongata, LSUMZ 36939." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5788867" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5788867/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="35">fig. 18B</figureCitation>
|
||
). The braincase is dorsoventrally inflated and bulges outward in the parietal region as compared with the more posterior interparietal. Relative to skull length the rostrum is quite short (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13181E8B013AE92C4F82FCF5FF6AB78B" box="[177,247,887,911]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="26.[108,150,1414,1435]" captionTargetId="graphics-12@26.[213,1196,224,1265]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIG. 10. Box plots of relative skull measures showing braincase breadth (BB), interorbital width (IOW), and rostral length (RL) divided by condyloincisive length (CIL) and BB divided by IOW for all species of Sulawesi shrew. Plots show the median, 1st and 3rd quartiles, the maximum value within 1.5 × interquartile range (distance between 1st and 3rd quartiles; IQR), the minimum value within 1.5 × IQR, and outliers (black circles). Sample sizes are shown along the x-axis. Species are ordered according to the species groups used in the text (Thick = Thick-Tailed Group)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5789149" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5789149/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="35">fig. 10</figureCitation>
|
||
). The braincase is somewhat narrow relative to skull length, but the interorbital region is wide (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13181E8B013AE92C4F98FC3BFF6DB7D5" box="[171,240,953,977]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="26.[108,150,1414,1435]" captionTargetId="graphics-12@26.[213,1196,224,1265]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIG. 10. Box plots of relative skull measures showing braincase breadth (BB), interorbital width (IOW), and rostral length (RL) divided by condyloincisive length (CIL) and BB divided by IOW for all species of Sulawesi shrew. Plots show the median, 1st and 3rd quartiles, the maximum value within 1.5 × interquartile range (distance between 1st and 3rd quartiles; IQR), the minimum value within 1.5 × IQR, and outliers (black circles). Sample sizes are shown along the x-axis. Species are ordered according to the species groups used in the text (Thick = Thick-Tailed Group)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5789149" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5789149/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="35">fig. 10</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3395185013AE92C4FBFFC58FDD0B2CE" pageId="35" pageNumber="35" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9C020E013AE92C4FBFFC58FDD0B2CE" blockId="35.[107,639,226,1738]" pageId="35" pageNumber="35">
|
||
COMPARISONS: This species is readily distinguished by its ratio of tail length to head-and-body length (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13181E8B013AE92C4F88FB9EFF6DB030" box="[187,240,1052,1076]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="24.[108,150,1587,1608]" captionTargetBox="[137,1192,224,1561]" captionTargetId="graphics-9@24.[203,1191,224,1433]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIG. 9. Box plots showing variation in external measurements from all species of Sulawesi shrew. Plots show the median, 1st and 3rd quartiles, the maximum value within 1.5 × interquartile range (distance between 1st and 3rd quartiles; IQR), the minimum value within 1.5 × IQR, and outliers (black circles). Sample sizes are shown along the x-axis. Species are grouped according to the species groups used in the text (Thick = Thick- Tailed Group). All measurements in mm. HBL = head-and-body length." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5788853" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5788853/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="35">fig. 9</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6A137B5013AE92C4FC8FB9EFEDDB030" box="[251,320,1052,1076]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="25.[610,690,226,250]" captionTargetBox="[119,1184,329,1682]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="TABLE 2 Descriptive Statisticsa for External Measurements (mm) and Mass (g) for Species of Sulawesi Crocidura" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF5C52860100E9164D51FF60FBE5B523" pageId="35" pageNumber="35" tableUuid="DF5C52860100E9164D51FF60FBE5B523">table 2</tableCitation>
|
||
) from all
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D013AE92C4E96FB9EFDC6B030" box="[421,603,1052,1076]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="35" pageNumber="35" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C013AE92C4E96FB9EFD91B030" box="[421,524,1052,1076]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="35">Crocidura</emphasis>
|
||
species
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
on
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E7CCEC013AE92C4F5FFBBFFF58B051" box="[108,197,1085,1109]" country="Indonesia" name="Sulawesi Utara" pageId="35" pageNumber="35">Sulawesi</collectingRegion>
|
||
except other members of the Long-Tailed Group. Within the Long-Tailed Group,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D013AE92C4D38FBDDFF09B093" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="35" pageNumber="35" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caudipilosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C013AE92C4D38FBDDFF09B093" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="35">C. caudipilosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is smaller and has a much hairier tail, shorter hind foot, paler pelage, and lower relative interorbital width (IOW/CIL) but greater relative braincase breadth (BB/CIL) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13181E8B013AE92C4E4BFB61FE23B0FF" box="[376,446,1251,1275]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="24.[108,150,1587,1608]" captionTargetBox="[137,1192,224,1561]" captionTargetId="graphics-9@24.[203,1191,224,1433]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIG. 9. Box plots showing variation in external measurements from all species of Sulawesi shrew. Plots show the median, 1st and 3rd quartiles, the maximum value within 1.5 × interquartile range (distance between 1st and 3rd quartiles; IQR), the minimum value within 1.5 × IQR, and outliers (black circles). Sample sizes are shown along the x-axis. Species are grouped according to the species groups used in the text (Thick = Thick- Tailed Group). All measurements in mm. HBL = head-and-body length." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5788853" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5788853/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="35">figs. 9</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13181E8B013AE92C4EFDFB61FE76B0FF" box="[462,491,1251,1275]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="26.[108,150,1414,1435]" captionTargetId="graphics-12@26.[213,1196,224,1265]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIG. 10. Box plots of relative skull measures showing braincase breadth (BB), interorbital width (IOW), and rostral length (RL) divided by condyloincisive length (CIL) and BB divided by IOW for all species of Sulawesi shrew. Plots show the median, 1st and 3rd quartiles, the maximum value within 1.5 × interquartile range (distance between 1st and 3rd quartiles; IQR), the minimum value within 1.5 × IQR, and outliers (black circles). Sample sizes are shown along the x-axis. Species are ordered according to the species groups used in the text (Thick = Thick-Tailed Group)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5789149" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5789149/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="35">10</figureCitation>
|
||
). Within the Elongata Subgroup,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D013AE92C4E73FA86FE73B118" authorityName="Esselstyn & Achmadi & Handika & Swanson & Giarla & Rowe" authorityYear="2021" box="[320,494,1284,1308]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="35" pageNumber="35" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="microelongata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C013AE92C4E73FA86FE73B118" box="[320,494,1284,1308]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="35">C. microelongata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a smaller body size, shorter tail, shorter and slightly darker hind feet, and shorter skull than
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D013AE92C4E8CFAC4FDACB15A" authorityName="Ruedi" authorityYear="1995" box="[447,561,1350,1374]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="35" pageNumber="35" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="elongata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C013AE92C4E8CFAC4FDACB15A" box="[447,561,1350,1374]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="35">C. elongata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D013AE92C4D56FAC4FF6AB17B" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="35" pageNumber="35" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="quasielongata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C013AE92C4D56FAC4FF6AB17B" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="35">C. quasielongata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13181E8B013AE92C4E35FAE5FED6B17B" box="[262,331,1383,1407]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="29.[684,723,1540,1561]" captionTargetBox="[698,1153,227,1512]" captionTargetId="graphics-654@29.[771,1201,823,1081]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIG.12. Box plots of skull measurements useful for distinguishing species of the Elongata Subgroup. Plots show the median, 1st and 3rd quartiles, the maximum value within 1.5 × interquartile range (distance between 1st and 3rd quartiles; IQR), the minimum value within 1.5 × IQR, and outliers (black circles). Sample sizes are shown along the x-axis. All measurements in mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5788857" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5788857/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="35">fig. 12</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6A137B5013AE92C4E64FAE5FE02B17B" box="[343,415,1383,1407]" captionStart="TABLE 5" captionStartId="34.[609,689,226,250]" captionTargetBox="[119,1181,358,1139]" captionText="TABLE 5 Descriptive Statisticsa for Craniodental Measurements (mm) for Species of the Long-Tailed Group of Sulawesi Crocidura" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF5C5286013BE92D4D52FF60FCE4B540" pageId="35" pageNumber="35" tableUuid="DF5C5286013BE92D4D52FF60FCE4B540">table 5</tableCitation>
|
||
). The thenar pad on the hind foot is shorter than in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D013AE92C4EE2FA0AFDD4B1A4" authorityName="Ruedi" authorityYear="1995" box="[465,585,1416,1440]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="35" pageNumber="35" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="elongata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C013AE92C4EE2FA0AFDD4B1A4" box="[465,585,1416,1440]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="35">C. elongata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but comparable to that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D013AE92C4E5FFA2BFD8FB1C5" box="[364,530,1449,1473]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="35" pageNumber="35" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="quasielongta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C013AE92C4E5FFA2BFD8FB1C5" box="[364,530,1449,1473]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="35">C. quasielongta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13181E8B013AE92C4D16FA2BFDEDB1C5" box="[549,624,1449,1473]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="32.[108,150,1380,1401]" captionTargetBox="[108,1211,226,1354]" captionTargetId="figure-9@32.[107,1211,224,1354]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIG. 14. Images showing the ventral surface of the left hind foot and dorsal surfaces of the tail base (approximately 1 cm from rump) and tail tip from the four members of the Long-Tailed Group: A, Crocidura caudipilosa, LSUMZ 36940; B, C. quasielongata, FMNH 218551; C, C. elongata, LSUMZ 39009; and D, C. microelongata, FMNH 212998. Scale bars represent 5 mm and apply to their nearest images within each panel. The thenar (T) and hypothenar (H) pads are labeled on panel B." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5788861" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5788861/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="35">fig. 14</figureCitation>
|
||
). Although the skull is shorter, its breadth is similar to that of the other two species, whether measured at the braincase, interorbital area, or rostral region (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13181E8B013AE92C4F46F9AFFF59B241" box="[117,196,1581,1605]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="26.[108,150,1414,1435]" captionTargetId="graphics-12@26.[213,1196,224,1265]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIG. 10. Box plots of relative skull measures showing braincase breadth (BB), interorbital width (IOW), and rostral length (RL) divided by condyloincisive length (CIL) and BB divided by IOW for all species of Sulawesi shrew. Plots show the median, 1st and 3rd quartiles, the maximum value within 1.5 × interquartile range (distance between 1st and 3rd quartiles; IQR), the minimum value within 1.5 × IQR, and outliers (black circles). Sample sizes are shown along the x-axis. Species are ordered according to the species groups used in the text (Thick = Thick-Tailed Group)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5789149" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5789149/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="35">figs. 10</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13181E8B013AE92C4FE1F9AFFF73B241" box="[210,238,1581,1605]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="29.[684,723,1540,1561]" captionTargetBox="[698,1153,227,1512]" captionTargetId="graphics-654@29.[771,1201,823,1081]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIG.12. Box plots of skull measurements useful for distinguishing species of the Elongata Subgroup. Plots show the median, 1st and 3rd quartiles, the maximum value within 1.5 × interquartile range (distance between 1st and 3rd quartiles; IQR), the minimum value within 1.5 × IQR, and outliers (black circles). Sample sizes are shown along the x-axis. All measurements in mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5788857" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5788857/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="35">12</figureCitation>
|
||
). The interorbital region, however, is more tapered than in either of the two most similar species (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13181E8B013AE92C4FF0F9EDFE95B28C" box="[195,264,1647,1672]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="39.[127,169,1427,1451]" captionTargetBox="[104,1635,498,1400]" captionTargetId="figure-10@39.[104,1635,498,1400]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="FIG. 18. Images showing dorsal, ventral, and lateral views of the skull and lateral and occlusal views of the dentary of the three members of the Elongata Subgroup: A, Crocidura elongata, LSUMZ 39259; B, C. microelongata, FMNH 213426; and C, C. quasielongata, LSUMZ 36939." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5788867" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5788867/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="35">fig. 18</figureCitation>
|
||
). The dentition of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D013AE92C4EE3F9F2FDE3B283" authorityName="Esselstyn & Achmadi & Handika & Swanson & Giarla & Rowe" authorityYear="2021" box="[464,638,1647,1671]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="35" pageNumber="35" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="microelongata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C013AE92C4EE3F9F2FDE3B283" box="[464,638,1647,1671]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="35">C. microelongata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is slightly smaller in proportion to the skull than in either
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D013AE92C4F9CF930FEBCB2CE" authorityName="Ruedi" authorityYear="1995" box="[175,289,1714,1738]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="35" pageNumber="35" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="elongata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C013AE92C4F9CF930FEBCB2CE" box="[175,289,1714,1738]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="35">C. elongata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
or
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D013AE92C4E75F930FE72B2CE" box="[326,495,1714,1738]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="35" pageNumber="35" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="quasielongata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C013AE92C4E75F930FE72B2CE" box="[326,495,1714,1738]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="35">C. quasielongata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13181E8B013AE92C4ECFF930FDDDB2CE" box="[508,576,1714,1738]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="39.[127,169,1427,1451]" captionTargetBox="[104,1635,498,1400]" captionTargetId="figure-10@39.[104,1635,498,1400]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="FIG. 18. Images showing dorsal, ventral, and lateral views of the skull and lateral and occlusal views of the dentary of the three members of the Elongata Subgroup: A, Crocidura elongata, LSUMZ 39259; B, C. microelongata, FMNH 213426; and C, C. quasielongata, LSUMZ 36939." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5788867" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5788867/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="35">fig. 18</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3395185013AE92C4DFFFF60FC54B749" pageId="35" pageNumber="35" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9C020E013AE92C4DFFFF60FC54B749" blockId="35.[684,1215,226,1209]" pageId="35" pageNumber="35">
|
||
COMMENTS: Although we have not examined the specimens
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB27FFF013AE92C4C6BFE81FC71B51F" author="Ruedi, M." box="[856,1004,259,283]" pageId="35" pageNumber="35" pagination="211 - 265" refId="ref60758" refString="Ruedi, M. 1995. Taxonomic revision of shrews of the genus Crocidura from the Sunda Shelf and Sulawesi with description of two new species (Mammalia: Soricidae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 115: 211 - 265." type="journal article" year="1995">Ruedi (1995)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
identified as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D013AE92C4BB8FE81FCC5B538" authorityName="Ruedi" authorityYear="1995" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="35" pageNumber="35" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="elongata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C013AE92C4BB8FE81FCC5B538" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="35">Crocidura elongata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Mt. Rorekatimbo (IZEA 4365 and 4396), a published cytochrome
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C013AE92C4B9CFEC7FB21B559" box="[1199,1212,325,349]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="35">b</emphasis>
|
||
sequence from IZEA 4396 is indistinguishable from mitochondrial sequences we obtained from Mt. Rorekatimbo samples of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D013AE92C4CC9FE2AFB28B5C4" authorityName="Esselstyn & Achmadi & Handika & Swanson & Giarla & Rowe" authorityYear="2021" box="[1018,1205,424,448]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="35" pageNumber="35" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="microelongata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C013AE92C4CC9FE2AFB28B5C4" box="[1018,1205,424,448]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="35">C. microelongata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Our mitochondrial gene trees placed
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D013AE92C4B67FE4BFC9BB606" authorityName="Esselstyn & Achmadi & Handika & Swanson & Giarla & Rowe" authorityYear="2021" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="35" pageNumber="35" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="microelongata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C013AE92C4B67FE4BFC9BB606" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="35">C. microelongata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as either sister to the other 19 species that make up Sulawesi’s endemic radiation (all species except
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D013AE92C4C63FDAFFC5EB640" authorityName="Miller and Hollister" authorityYear="1921" box="[848,963,557,580]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="35" pageNumber="35" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nigripes">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C013AE92C4C63FDAFFC5EB640" box="[848,963,557,580]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="35">C. nigripes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) or to all members of the endemic radiation except
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D013AE92C4CC8FDCCFBF3B661" authorityName="Ruedi" authorityYear="1995" box="[1019,1134,590,613]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="35" pageNumber="35" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="musseri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C013AE92C4CC8FDCCFBF3B661" box="[1019,1134,590,613]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="35">C. musseri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. However, statistical support for these hypotheses was nonexistent (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13181E8B013AE92C4C0AFD0DFCECB6AC" box="[825,881,655,680]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="17.[109,149,1509,1530]" captionTargetId="graphics-9@16.[133,929,224,1532]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIG. 4. Maximum-likelihood estimate of the gene tree of Sulawesi Crocidura derived from an alignment of 851 individuals and 1111 characters from the mitochondrial gene cytochrome b. Bootstrap support is shown along branches. Clades corresponding to species are collapsed for ease of presentation. Tips are labeled with the species name, the number of tips (T), and number of localities (L), as labeled in figure 1, and the maximum intraspecific (MI) Jukes-Cantor distance calculated from a reduced alignment. Two species are paraphyletic and their respective, within-clade MI values are shown separately. For species described by Miller and Hollister (1921), the holotype or paratypes are included for C. elongata, C. lea, and C. rhoditis. Branch lengths between C. nigripes and other taxa are shortened for presentation. See supplementary data S2 for the full tree." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5789143" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5789143/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="35">fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
) or modest (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13181E8B013AE92C4CC8FD0DFBAEB6A3" box="[1019,1075,655,679]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="18.[108,150,1596,1617]" captionTargetBox="[111,1203,227,1567]" captionTargetId="graphics-32@18.[111,872,237,1559]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIG. 5. Maximum likelihood estimate of the mitochondrial gene tree derived from an analysis of 14,007 characters (representing protein-coding and rRNA genes) from 83 samples. Bootstrap support values <95 are shown at nodes. Tips are labeled with the species, locality, and voucher number." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5788845" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5788845/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="35">fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
). Our analyses of nuclear DNA placed
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D013AE92C4CD7FD33FB00B6CC" authorityName="Esselstyn & Achmadi & Handika & Swanson & Giarla & Rowe" authorityYear="2021" box="[996,1181,688,712]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="35" pageNumber="35" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="microelongata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C013AE92C4CD7FD33FB00B6CC" box="[996,1181,688,712]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="35">C. microelongata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as part of the basal comb with no clear sister relationship (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13181E8B013AE92C4C25FD71FCC6B70E" box="[790,859,755,779]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="21.[108,149,1653,1674]" captionTargetBox="[209,1136,226,1678]" captionTargetId="graphics-38@20.[180,704,233,1669]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIG. 7. Estimated species tree from analysis of 3940 ultraconserved element loci in ASTRAL. Samples from Sulawesi are labeled with the species name, locality, and catalog number. Asterisks indicate type specimens from Miller and Hollister (1921). Local posterior probabilities <0.95 are shown. Tip branch lengths are arbitrary." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5789145" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5789145/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="35">figs. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13181E8B013AE92C4C5BFD71FCEBB70F" box="[872,886,755,779]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="23.[108,150,1639,1660]" captionTargetId="graphics-9@22.[124,845,235,1694]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIG. 8. Estimated phylogenetic relationships from a maximum likelihood analysis of 983 concatenated ultraconserved elements. Samples from Sulawesi are labeled with the species name, locality, and catalog number. Asterisks indicate type specimens from Miller and Hollister (1921). Ultrafast bootstrap values <95 are shown." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5789147" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5789147/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="35">8</figureCitation>
|
||
; supplementary data S6). See the next account for results of nuclear DNA species delimitation analyses.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3395185013AE92C4DFFFCD4FC68B0BD" pageId="35" pageNumber="35" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9C020E013AE92C4DFFFCD4FC68B0BD" blockId="35.[684,1215,226,1209]" pageId="35" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED329ACB013AE92C4DFFFCD4FC5CB76A" box="[716,961,854,878]" pageId="35" pageNumber="35">SPECIMENS EXAMINED</collectionCode>
|
||
:
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B4B0853013AE92C4CE3FCD4FC57B7F6" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3421079411" collectionCode="MZB, FMNH" location="Mt. Gandang Dewata" pageId="35" pageNumber="35" specimenCode="MZB 34736-34741, 34743-34745, 34748, 34749, 34751, 34753, 34755-34757, 38463, 38472, 38473, FMNH 218544-218547, 218584, 218593- 218603, 218969, 218972" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<location id="8EFC54D5013AE92C4CE3FCD4FB21B769" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038AB3180138E92C4F93FA23FC68B0BD:8EFC54D5013AE92C4CE3FCD4FB21B769" box="[976,1212,854,878]" name="Mt. Gandang Dewata" pageId="35" pageNumber="35">Mt. Gandang Dewata</location>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB85AA75013AE92C4D86FCF5FC1AB78B" box="[693,903,887,911]" pageId="35" pageNumber="35">MZB 34736–34741</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB85AA75013AE92C4CA3FCF5FBBFB78B" box="[912,1058,887,911]" pageId="35" pageNumber="35">34743–34745</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB85AA75013AE92C4B18FCF5FBF3B78B" box="[1067,1134,887,911]" pageId="35" pageNumber="35">34748</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB85AA75013AE92C4B4BFCF5FB26B78B" box="[1144,1211,887,911]" pageId="35" pageNumber="35">34749</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB85AA75013AE92C4D9FFC1AFD6FB7B4" box="[684,754,920,944]" pageId="35" pageNumber="35">34751</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB85AA75013AE92C4C3BFC1AFCD2B7B4" box="[776,847,920,944]" pageId="35" pageNumber="35">34753</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB85AA75013AE92C4C56FC1AFC62B7B4" box="[869,1023,920,944]" pageId="35" pageNumber="35">34755–34757</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB85AA75013AE92C4B26FC1AFBC1B7B4" box="[1045,1116,920,944]" pageId="35" pageNumber="35">38463</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB85AA75013AE92C4B42FC1AFB2AB7B4" box="[1137,1207,920,944]" pageId="35" pageNumber="35">38472</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB85AA75013AE92C4D9FFC3BFD72B7D5" box="[684,751,953,977]" pageId="35" pageNumber="35">38473</specimenCode>
|
||
;
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB85AA75013AE92C4DCAFC38FC66B7D5" box="[761,1019,953,977]" pageId="35" pageNumber="35">FMNH 218544–218547</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB85AA75013AE92C4B36FC3BFBC8B7D5" box="[1029,1109,953,977]" pageId="35" pageNumber="35">218584</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB85AA75013AE92C4B53FC3BFD62B7F6" pageId="35" pageNumber="35">218593– 218603</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB85AA75013AE92C4C23FC58FCFEB7F6" box="[784,867,986,1010]" pageId="35" pageNumber="35">218969</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB85AA75013AE92C4C40FC58FC5BB7F6" box="[883,966,986,1010]" pageId="35" pageNumber="35">218972</specimenCode>
|
||
;
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B4B0853013AE92C4CE4FC59FB15B7F6" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3421079303" box="[983,1160,986,1010]" collectionCode="NMV" pageId="35" pageNumber="35" specimenCode="Z21764" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED329ACB013AE92C4CE4FC59FB8AB7F6" box="[983,1047,987,1010]" collectionName="NMV" country="Australia" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34978" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34978" name="Museum Victoria" pageId="35" pageNumber="35" type="Museum">NMV</collectionCode>
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB85AA75013AE92C4B16FC58FBE0B7F6" box="[1061,1149,986,1010]" pageId="35" pageNumber="35">Z21764</specimenCode>
|
||
),
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B4B0853013AE92C4BA5FC59FB21B017" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3421079434" collectionCode="MZB" location="Mt. Latimojong" pageId="35" pageNumber="35" specimenCode="MZB 40935, 40937, 40938, 43000" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<location id="8EFC54D5013AE92C4BA5FC59FCB6B017" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038AB3180138E92C4F93FA23FC68B0BD:8EFC54D5013AE92C4BA5FC59FCB6B017" name="Mt. Latimojong" pageId="35" pageNumber="35">Mt. Latimojong</location>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB85AA75013AE92C4C0FFC79FC59B017" box="[828,964,1019,1043]" pageId="35" pageNumber="35">MZB 40935</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB85AA75013AE92C4CE2FC79FB88B017" box="[977,1045,1019,1043]" pageId="35" pageNumber="35">40937</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB85AA75013AE92C4B10FC79FBFAB017" box="[1059,1127,1019,1043]" pageId="35" pageNumber="35">40938</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB85AA75013AE92C4B47FC79FB25B017" box="[1140,1208,1019,1043]" pageId="35" pageNumber="35">43000</specimenCode>
|
||
;
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B4B0853013AE92C4D9FFB9FFB14B051" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3421079381" collectionCode="FMNH, MVZ, NMV" pageId="35" pageNumber="35" specimenCode="FMNH 212990-213005, MVZ 237567, 237569- 237572, 237594, 238121, NMV C38534" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB85AA75013AE92C4D9FFB9FFC2CB030" box="[684,945,1052,1076]" pageId="35" pageNumber="35">FMNH 212990–213005</specimenCode>
|
||
;
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB85AA75013AE92C4C8DFB9FFBCEB030" box="[958,1107,1052,1076]" pageId="35" pageNumber="35">MVZ 237567</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB85AA75013AE92C4B53FB9EFD62B051" pageId="35" pageNumber="35">237569– 237572</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB85AA75013AE92C4C3CFBBFFCFFB051" box="[783,866,1085,1109]" pageId="35" pageNumber="35">237594</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB85AA75013AE92C4C40FBBFFC58B051" box="[883,965,1085,1109]" pageId="35" pageNumber="35">238121</specimenCode>
|
||
;
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB85AA75013AE92C4CE5FBBCFBE0B051" box="[982,1149,1085,1109]" pageId="35" pageNumber="35">NMV C38534</specimenCode>
|
||
),
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B4B0853013AE92C4BA5FBBCFC5DB093" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3421079422" collectionCode="FMNH" location="Mt. Rorekatimbo" pageId="35" pageNumber="35" specimenCode="FMNH 213146-213162, 213164- 213173, 213435, 213436" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<location id="8EFC54D5013AE92C4BA5FBBCFCA7B072" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038AB3180138E92C4F93FA23FC68B0BD:8EFC54D5013AE92C4BA5FBBCFCA7B072" name="Mt. Rorekatimbo" pageId="35" pageNumber="35">Mt. Rorekatimbo</location>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB85AA75013AE92C4C78FBDDFBCEB072" box="[843,1107,1118,1143]" pageId="35" pageNumber="35">FMNH 213146–213162</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB85AA75013AE92C4B53FBDCFD60B09C" pageId="35" pageNumber="35">213164– 213173</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB85AA75013AE92C4C34FBFDFCC5B093" box="[775,856,1151,1175]" pageId="35" pageNumber="35">213435</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB85AA75013AE92C4C51FBFDFC28B093" box="[866,949,1151,1175]" pageId="35" pageNumber="35">213436</specimenCode>
|
||
),
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B4B0853013AE92C4CF5FB02FC68B0BD" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3421079372" collectionCode="NMV" location="Mt. Torompupu" pageId="35" pageNumber="35" specimenCode="43013, 43014, NMV C40139" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<location id="8EFC54D5013AE92C4CF5FB02FBEEB093" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038AB3180138E92C4F93FA23FC68B0BD:8EFC54D5013AE92C4CF5FB02FBEEB093" box="[966,1139,1152,1175]" name="Mt. Torompupu" pageId="35" pageNumber="35">Mt. Torompupu</location>
|
||
(MZB
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB85AA75013AE92C4D9FFB23FD6DB0BD" box="[684,752,1185,1209]" pageId="35" pageNumber="35">43013</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB85AA75013AE92C4DC8FB23FCA2B0BD" box="[763,831,1185,1209]" pageId="35" pageNumber="35">43014</specimenCode>
|
||
;
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB85AA75013AE92C4C79FB23FC74B0BD" box="[842,1001,1185,1209]" pageId="35" pageNumber="35">NMV C40139</specimenCode>
|
||
).
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</subSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |