372 lines
53 KiB
XML
372 lines
53 KiB
XML
<document id="C1A03B581278EB0055E026F6EBA99BE2" ID-CLB-Dataset="2886" ID-DOI="10.1206/0003-0090.454.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="3a7cdaa4-c2f2-4370-9301-c2ab339b2e0d" ID-ISSN="0003-0090" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5788835" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1639747398861" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Esselstyn, Jacob A., Achmadi, Anang S., Handika, Heru, Swanson, Mark T., Giarla, Thomas C. & Rowe, Kevin C." docDate="2021" docId="038AB3180129E93E4C33FD2CFC29B17B" docLanguage="en" docName="BulAmeMusNatHist.454.1-108.pdf" docOrigin="Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2021 (454)" docSource="https://bioone.org/journals/bulletin-of-the-american-museum-of-natural-history/volume-454/issue-1/0003-0090.454.1.1/Fourteen-New-Endemic-Species-of-Shrew-Genus-Crocidura-from-Sulawesi/10.1206/0003-0090.454.1.1.full" docStyle="DocumentStyle:915933466F796C9C739DF4DB6B8DCFA6.9:BulAmeMusNatHis.2011-.journal_article.1cover.type1" docStyleId="915933466F796C9C739DF4DB6B8DCFA6" docStyleName="BulAmeMusNatHis.2011-.journal_article.1cover.type1" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Crocidura australis Esselstyn & Achmadi & Handika & Swanson & Giarla & Rowe 2021, new species" docType="treatment" docUuid="3ABC433E-7C35-47DD-B52B-D33CC37F8F62" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="14" lastPageNumber="49" masterDocId="FFB3CB600119E90F4F33FF82FF9DB404" masterDocTitle="Fourteen New, Endemic Species Of Shrew (Genus Crocidura) From Sulawesi Reveal A Spectacular Island Radiation" masterLastPageNumber="109" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="48" updateTime="1699472789874" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="72D0D28CECF08A0B3BCC2D3E3B41472F">Fourteen New, Endemic Species Of Shrew (Genus Crocidura) From Sulawesi Reveal A Spectacular Island Radiation</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="F5705809BB6FB31E487AD494C7FF91F0">Esselstyn, Jacob A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="4712B9A8407D0C55E1ED6DF05FC22BFF">Achmadi, Anang S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="4A5D6A60492D995FF78416BC83BB197B">Handika, Heru</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="7E9BE430D31C45154031AEAEA63B7643">Swanson, Mark T.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="4800B8404383801A84D58F7F80E11549">Giarla, Thomas C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="80E7B3FA8F497C8EC3A6A9A76BCF8CD5">Rowe, Kevin C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="D4179B21D41586B2AC8E861535D82FD2">Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="877E7D5527B4952EA8E75DE8DD9DCFC8">
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<mods:date id="A30373821F7DDC8EB09A04499A7DA838">2021</mods:date>
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<treatment id="038AB3180129E93E4C33FD2CFC29B17B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5795528" ID-GBIF-Taxon="191690923" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5795528" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:3ABC433E-7C35-47DD-B52B-D33CC37F8F62" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038AB3180129E93E4C33FD2CFC29B17B" lastPageId="49" lastPageNumber="49" pageId="48" pageNumber="48">
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<heading id="D0D4B5620129E93F4C33FD2CFBF5B6C2" box="[768,1128,686,711]" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="48" pageNumber="48" reason="2">
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<emphasis id="B957DE1C0129E93F4C33FD2CFC7DB6C3" bold="true" box="[768,992,686,711]" pageId="48" pageNumber="48">
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<taxonomicName id="4C23798D0129E93F4C33FD2CFC44B6C2" authority="Esselstyn & Achmadi & Handika & Swanson & Giarla & Rowe, 2021" authorityName="Esselstyn & Achmadi & Handika & Swanson & Giarla & Rowe" authorityYear="2021" box="[768,985,686,710]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="48" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="australis" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B957DE1C0129E93F4C33FD2CFC44B6C2" bold="true" box="[768,985,686,710]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="48">Crocidura australis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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</emphasis>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26463670129E93F4CD4FD2DFBF5B6C2" box="[999,1128,686,710]" pageId="48" pageNumber="48" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C33951850129E93F4C01FD62FB91B73E" pageId="48" pageNumber="48" type="description">
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LSID:
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urn:lsid:zoobank. org:act:
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<subSubSection id="C33951850129E93F4DFFFCD6FCF2B0FC" pageId="48" pageNumber="48" type="materials_examined">
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<materialsCitation id="3B4B08530129E93F4DFFFCD6FCF2B0FC" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3421079384" accessionNumber="MZB 43003" collectingDate="2016-10-30" collectionCode="MZB, MVZ" collectorName="K. C. Rowe" country="Indonesia" county="Sinjai" elevation="2470" latitude="-5.308463" location="Gunung Perak Village" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="119.94866" municipality="Sinjai Barat" pageId="48" pageNumber="48" specimenCode="MVZ 237610" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sulawesi Selatan" typeStatus="holotype">
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<paragraph id="8B9C020E0129E93F4DFFFCD6FB05B070" blockId="48.[684,1213,852,1735]" pageId="48" pageNumber="48">
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<typeStatus id="5498BCAC0129E93F4DFFFCD6FCDFB768" box="[716,834,852,876]" pageId="48" pageNumber="48" type="holotype">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
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: MZB 43003 (=
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<specimenCode id="DB85AA750129E93F4CCAFCD6FB12B768" box="[1017,1167,852,876]" collectionCode="MVZ" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34777" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34777" name="Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, University of California Berkeley" pageId="48" pageNumber="48" type="Museum">MVZ 237610</specimenCode>
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), an adult of unknown sex collected by
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<collectorName id="26D667D80129E93F4B14FCF7FB07B788" box="[1063,1178,885,909]" pageId="48" pageNumber="48">K.C. Rowe</collectorName>
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on
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||
<date id="FF9D24CE0129E93F4D9FFC14FCFEB7AA" box="[684,867,918,942]" pageId="48" pageNumber="48" value="2016-10-30">
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<collectingDate id="EFD9DD260129E93F4D9FFC14FCFEB7AA" box="[684,867,918,942]" pageId="48" pageNumber="48" value="2016-10-30">30 October 2016</collectingDate>
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</date>
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||
. The specimen was preserved as a study skin, cleaned skull (
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||
<figureCitation id="13181E8B0129E93F4CE4FC35FB83B7CB" box="[983,1054,951,975]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="50.[108,148,1282,1303]" captionTargetBox="[110,1208,224,1256]" captionTargetId="figure-158@50.[110,1208,224,1256]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIG. 24. Images showing dorsal, ventral, and lateral views of the skull and lateral and occlusal views of the dentary of two members of the Rhoditis Group: A, Crocidura australis, MVZ 237610 and B, C. pallida, FMNH 210607." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5788877" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5788877/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="48">fig. 24</figureCitation>
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) and skeleton, and frozen tissues. External measurements from the holotype are:
|
||
<quantity id="4CDBAFEB0129E93F4C5DFC7BFC57B015" box="[878,970,1017,1041]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.41" pageId="48" pageNumber="48" unit="mm" value="141.0">141 mm</quantity>
|
||
×
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||
<quantity id="4CDBAFEB0129E93F4CDAFC7BFBA5B015" box="[1001,1080,1017,1041]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" pageId="48" pageNumber="48" unit="mm" value="65.0">65 mm</quantity>
|
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×
|
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<quantity id="4CDBAFEB0129E93F4B64FC7BFB3BB015" box="[1111,1190,1017,1041]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="48" pageNumber="48" unit="mm" value="16.0">16 mm</quantity>
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×
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<quantity id="4CDBAFEB0129E93F4D9DFB98FD61B036" box="[686,764,1050,1074]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="48" pageNumber="48" unit="mm" value="11.0">11 mm</quantity>
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=
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<quantity id="4CDBAFEB0129E93F4C2AFB98FCCDB037" box="[793,848,1050,1075]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="9.8" pageId="48" pageNumber="48" unit="g" value="9.8">9.8 g</quantity>
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. The voucher specimen and a tissue sample will be permanently curated at
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<collectionCode id="ED329ACB0129E93F4B4DFBBEFB25B057" box="[1150,1208,1084,1107]" country="Indonesia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/b9gz-izvg" name="Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense" pageId="48" pageNumber="48" type="Museum">MZB</collectionCode>
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, with another tissue sample retained at
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<collectionCode id="ED329ACB0129E93F4B66FBDFFB09B070" box="[1109,1172,1117,1140]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34777" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34777" name="Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, University of California Berkeley" pageId="48" pageNumber="48" type="Museum">MVZ</collectionCode>
|
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.
|
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</paragraph>
|
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<paragraph id="8B9C020E0129E93F4DFFFBFCFCF2B0FC" blockId="48.[684,1213,852,1735]" pageId="48" pageNumber="48">
|
||
TYPE LOCALITY:
|
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<collectingCountry id="F334429E0129E93F4CB4FBFFFC69B091" box="[903,1012,1149,1173]" name="Indonesia" pageId="48" pageNumber="48">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E7CCEC0129E93F4B31FBFFFB25B091" box="[1026,1208,1149,1173]" country="Indonesia" name="Sulawesi Selatan" pageId="48" pageNumber="48">Sulawesi Selatan</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
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<collectingCounty id="62FD7A820129E93F4D9FFB1CFD71B0B2" box="[684,748,1182,1206]" pageId="48" pageNumber="48">Sinjai</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BF898740129E93F4DC9FB1CFCE3B0B2" box="[762,894,1182,1206]" pageId="48" pageNumber="48">Sinjai Barat</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
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<location id="8EFC54D50129E93F4CBFFB1DFB1AB0B2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038AB3180129E93E4C33FD2CFC29B17B:8EFC54D50129E93F4CBFFB1DFB1AB0B2" box="[908,1159,1182,1207]" country="Indonesia" county="Sinjai" latitude="-5.308463" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="119.94866" municipality="Sinjai Barat" name="Gunung Perak Village" pageId="48" pageNumber="48" stateProvince="Sulawesi Selatan">Gunung Perak Village</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EFC54D50129E93F4BA5FB1DFCA2B0D3" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038AB3180129E93E4C33FD2CFC29B17B:8EFC54D50129E93F4BA5FB1DFCA2B0D3" country="Indonesia" county="Sinjai" latitude="-5.308463" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="119.94866" municipality="Sinjai Barat" name="Mt. Bawakaraeng" pageId="48" pageNumber="48" stateProvince="Sulawesi Selatan">Mt. Bawakaraeng</location>
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||
;
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE1764C90129E93F4C7AFB3DFC55B0DC" box="[841,968,1215,1240]" degrees="5.308463" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="48" pageNumber="48" precision="1" value="-5.308463">5.308463° S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE1764C90129E93F4CE0FB3DFBF2B0D3" box="[979,1135,1215,1239]" degrees="119.948661" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="48" pageNumber="48" precision="1" value="119.94866">119.948661° E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4CDBAFEB0129E93F4B4AFB42FD63B0FC" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4699999999999998" metricValueMax="2.55" metricValueMin="2.3899999999999997" pageId="48" pageNumber="48" unit="m" value="2470.0" valueMax="2550.0" valueMin="2390.0">
|
||
<elevation id="000EE53D0129E93F4B4AFB42FD63B0FC" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4699999999999998" metricValueMax="2.55" metricValueMin="2.3899999999999997" pageId="48" pageNumber="48" unit="m" value="2470.0" valueMax="2550.0" valueMin="2390.0">2390– 2550 m</elevation>
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||
</quantity>
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||
elevation.
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||
</paragraph>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33951850129E93F4DFFFA80FC1AB158" pageId="48" pageNumber="48" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9C020E0129E93F4DFFFA80FC1AB158" blockId="48.[684,1213,852,1735]" pageId="48" pageNumber="48">ETYMOLOGY: We use the Latin for “southern,” as this species is the most southern member of the Rhoditis Group.</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C33951850129E93F4DFFFAE7FBBCB226" pageId="48" pageNumber="48" type="distribution">
|
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<paragraph id="8B9C020E0129E93F4DFFFAE7FBBCB226" blockId="48.[684,1213,852,1735]" pageId="48" pageNumber="48">
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GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION: This species is known only from the south-west area of endemism and was only collected from Mt. Bawakaraeng,
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<collectingRegion id="49E7CCEC0129E93F4C39FA4AFBBAB1E4" box="[778,1063,1480,1504]" country="Indonesia" name="Sulawesi Selatan" pageId="48" pageNumber="48">South Sulawesi Province</collectingRegion>
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(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13181E8B0129E93F4B0FFA4AFB17B1E4" box="[1084,1162,1480,1504]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="41.[107,149,1051,1072]" captionTargetId="graphics-253@41.[279,1049,225,1023]" captionTargetPageId="41" captionText="FIG. 20. Map of Sulawesi showing localities sampled for shrews. Colored areas enclose localities with known records of members of the Rhoditis Group of Sulawesi Crocidura." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5789795" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5789795/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="48">fig. 20</figureCitation>
|
||
) on traplines placed around 1660–2040 and
|
||
<quantity id="4CDBAFEB0129E93F4B4AFA6BFD63B226" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4699999999999998" metricValueMax="2.55" metricValueMin="2.3899999999999997" pageId="48" pageNumber="48" unit="m" value="2470.0" valueMax="2550.0" valueMin="2390.0">2390– 2550 m</quantity>
|
||
elevation (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13181E8B0129E93F4C45F988FC20B226" box="[886,957,1546,1570]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="31.[104,146,1395,1419]" captionTargetBox="[104,1603,469,1356]" captionTargetId="graphics-9@31.[188,1530,466,1251]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIG. 13. Elevational records of all species of Crocidura known from Sulawesi. Each point represents a specimen. For specimens associated with a minimum and maximum elevation, we used the center of the given elevational range. Sample sizes are given above the x-axis. Species are grouped according to the species groups used in the text (Thick = Thick-Tailed Group)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5788859" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5788859/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="48">fig. 13</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6A137B50129E93F4CFAF988FB89B226" box="[969,1044,1546,1570]" captionStart="TABLE 3" captionStartId="27.[611,691,226,250]" captionTargetBox="[117,1200,329,1675]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="TABLE 3 Elevational Ranges (m) and Species Richness of Crocidura on Mountains of Sulawesia" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF5C52860102E9144D50FF60FBDEB51A" pageId="48" pageNumber="48" tableUuid="DF5C52860102E9144D50FF60FBDEB51A">table 3</tableCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33951850129E93E4DFFF9A9FEEEB118" lastPageId="49" lastPageNumber="49" pageId="48" pageNumber="48" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9C020E0129E93E4DFFF9A9FEEEB118" blockId="48.[684,1213,852,1735]" lastBlockId="49.[108,639,226,1738]" lastPageId="49" lastPageNumber="49" pageId="48" pageNumber="48">
|
||
DIAGNOSIS:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D0129E93F4C60F9A9FBBDB247" authorityName="Esselstyn & Achmadi & Handika & Swanson & Giarla & Rowe" authorityYear="2021" box="[851,1056,1579,1603]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="48" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="australis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C0129E93F4C60F9A9FBBDB247" box="[851,1056,1579,1603]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="48">Crocidura australis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a mediumsized shrew (
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6A137B50129E93F4C0EF9CEFC08B260" box="[829,917,1612,1636]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="25.[610,690,226,250]" captionTargetBox="[119,1184,329,1682]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="TABLE 2 Descriptive Statisticsa for External Measurements (mm) and Mass (g) for Species of Sulawesi Crocidura" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF5C52860100E9164D51FF60FBE5B523" pageId="48" pageNumber="48" tableUuid="DF5C52860100E9164D51FF60FBE5B523">tables 2</tableCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6A137B50129E93F4C91F9CEFC2DB260" box="[930,944,1612,1636]" captionStart="TABLE 7" captionStartId="42.[610,690,226,250]" captionTargetBox="[119,1176,329,1110]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="TABLE 7 Descriptive Statisticsa for Craniodental Measurements (mm) for Species of the Rhoditis Group of Sulawesi Crocidura" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF5C52860133E9254D51FF60FB27B523" pageId="48" pageNumber="48" tableUuid="DF5C52860133E9254D51FF60FB27B523">7</tableCitation>
|
||
) with a thick, mediumbrown dorsal pelage and slightly paler venter. Hairs of the middorsum are
|
||
<quantity id="4CDBAFEB0129E93F4CDEF90CFBD1B2A2" box="[1005,1100,1678,1702]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="48" pageNumber="48" unit="mm" value="6.5" valueMax="7.0" valueMin="6.0">6–7 mm</quantity>
|
||
long. The color of the tail matches that of the dorsal pelage, but the feet are paler than the surrounding fur, particularly on the digits (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13181E8B0128E93E4EA4FE81FE6BB51F" box="[407,502,259,283]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="43.[108,149,1497,1518]" captionTargetBox="[109,1212,224,1470]" captionTargetId="figure-106@43.[108,1212,224,1471]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="FIG. 21. Images showing the ventral surface of the hind foot and dorsal surfaces of the tail base (approximately 1 cm from rump) and tail tip from the four members of the Rhoditis Group: A, Crocidura australis, MVZ 237610 (right hind foot); B, C. pallida, FMNH 210582 (left hind foot); C, C. pseudorhoditis, LSUMZ 39040 (right hind foot); and D, C. rhoditis, LSUMZ 39296 (left hind foot). Scale bars represent 5 mm. When two scale bars are present in a panel, the upper applies to the foot and the lower to the tail." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5788871" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5788871/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="49">fig. 21A</figureCitation>
|
||
). The tail is slightly shorter than the head-and-body length and not distinctly bicolored. Applied hairs on the tail are inconspicuous and bristles are sparsely distributed along the proximal half of tail length. The claws are translucent and surrounded by small tufts of white hairs. On the hind foot, the claws are long and the tufts more prominent than on the forefoot. The foot pads are more darkly pigmented than the surrounding plantar and palmar surfaces, but the difference is greater on the hind foot than on the forefoot. The external ears, though not small, are indistinct from the surrounding fur, due to the matching color, length, and density of the pelage. The mystacial vibrissae are relatively short, and mostly unpigmented. A few pigmented vibrissae are found posterior to the shorter, unpigmented vibrissae. Those with pigment are pigmented only proximally, typically for no more than half of their length. The braincase is wide relative to skull length (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13181E8B0128E93E4FF5FC3BFE8EB7D5" box="[198,275,953,977]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="26.[108,150,1414,1435]" captionTargetId="graphics-12@26.[213,1196,224,1265]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIG. 10. Box plots of relative skull measures showing braincase breadth (BB), interorbital width (IOW), and rostral length (RL) divided by condyloincisive length (CIL) and BB divided by IOW for all species of Sulawesi shrew. Plots show the median, 1st and 3rd quartiles, the maximum value within 1.5 × interquartile range (distance between 1st and 3rd quartiles; IQR), the minimum value within 1.5 × IQR, and outliers (black circles). Sample sizes are shown along the x-axis. Species are ordered according to the species groups used in the text (Thick = Thick-Tailed Group)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5789149" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5789149/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="49">fig. 10</figureCitation>
|
||
), high, and somewhat angular, with a lateral point in the mastoid region and relatively prominent lambdoidal ridges (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13181E8B0128E93E4D65FC79FF03B030" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="50.[108,148,1282,1303]" captionTargetBox="[110,1208,224,1256]" captionTargetId="figure-158@50.[110,1208,224,1256]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIG. 24. Images showing dorsal, ventral, and lateral views of the skull and lateral and occlusal views of the dentary of two members of the Rhoditis Group: A, Crocidura australis, MVZ 237610 and B, C. pallida, FMNH 210607." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5788877" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5788877/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="49">fig. 24A</figureCitation>
|
||
). The ridge formed by the parietal-squamosal suture is indistinct. The interorbital region is also wide relative to skull length (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13181E8B0128E93E4ED7FBDCFDB0B073" box="[484,557,1118,1143]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="26.[108,150,1414,1435]" captionTargetId="graphics-12@26.[213,1196,224,1265]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIG. 10. Box plots of relative skull measures showing braincase breadth (BB), interorbital width (IOW), and rostral length (RL) divided by condyloincisive length (CIL) and BB divided by IOW for all species of Sulawesi shrew. Plots show the median, 1st and 3rd quartiles, the maximum value within 1.5 × interquartile range (distance between 1st and 3rd quartiles; IQR), the minimum value within 1.5 × IQR, and outliers (black circles). Sample sizes are shown along the x-axis. Species are ordered according to the species groups used in the text (Thick = Thick-Tailed Group)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5789149" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5789149/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="49">fig. 10</figureCitation>
|
||
), but it is strongly tapered. Despite the strongly tapered interorbital region, the maxillary process is not prominent when viewed from the dorsal aspect. The dentition is somewhat prominent relative to palatal width (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13181E8B0128E93E4E38FA86FEFAB118" box="[267,359,1284,1308]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="50.[108,148,1282,1303]" captionTargetBox="[110,1208,224,1256]" captionTargetId="figure-158@50.[110,1208,224,1256]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIG. 24. Images showing dorsal, ventral, and lateral views of the skull and lateral and occlusal views of the dentary of two members of the Rhoditis Group: A, Crocidura australis, MVZ 237610 and B, C. pallida, FMNH 210607." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5788877" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5788877/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="49">fig. 24A</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33951850128E93E4FBFFAA7FBB6B017" pageId="49" pageNumber="49" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9C020E0128E93E4FBFFAA7FBB6B017" blockId="49.[108,639,226,1738]" lastBlockId="49.[684,1213,226,1407]" pageId="49" pageNumber="49">
|
||
COMPARISONS:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D0128E93E4E71FAA7FD83B139" authorityName="Esselstyn & Achmadi & Handika & Swanson & Giarla & Rowe" authorityYear="2021" box="[322,542,1317,1341]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="49" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="australis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C0128E93E4E71FAA7FD83B139" box="[322,542,1317,1341]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="49">Crocidura australis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is substantially larger in body size than all members of the Small-Bodied Group and somewhat larger than
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D0128E93E4FDCFA0AFEFFB1A4" authorityName="Ruedi" authorityYear="1995" box="[239,354,1416,1440]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="49" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="musseri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C0128E93E4FDCFA0AFEFFB1A4" box="[239,354,1416,1440]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="49">C. musseri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D0128E93E4E43FA0AFE6AB1A4" authorityName="Esselstyn & Achmadi & Handika & Swanson & Giarla & Rowe" authorityYear="2021" box="[368,503,1416,1440]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="49" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ordinaria">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C0128E93E4E43FA0AFE6AB1A4" box="[368,503,1416,1440]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="49">C. ordinaria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D0128E93E4D04FA0AFF14B1C5" authorityName="Esselstyn & Achmadi & Handika & Swanson & Giarla & Rowe" authorityYear="2021" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="49" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="solita">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C0128E93E4D04FA0AFF14B1C5" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="49">C. solita</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
of the Ordinary Group (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13181E8B0128E93E4E97FA2BFE7CB1C5" box="[420,481,1449,1473]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="24.[108,150,1587,1608]" captionTargetBox="[137,1192,224,1561]" captionTargetId="graphics-9@24.[203,1191,224,1433]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIG. 9. Box plots showing variation in external measurements from all species of Sulawesi shrew. Plots show the median, 1st and 3rd quartiles, the maximum value within 1.5 × interquartile range (distance between 1st and 3rd quartiles; IQR), the minimum value within 1.5 × IQR, and outliers (black circles). Sample sizes are shown along the x-axis. Species are grouped according to the species groups used in the text (Thick = Thick- Tailed Group). All measurements in mm. HBL = head-and-body length." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5788853" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5788853/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="49">fig. 9</figureCitation>
|
||
). It is smaller than members of the Thick-Tailed Group and Elongata Subgroup. Relative to members of the Rhoditis Group, it is smaller than
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D0128E93E4D37F98FFDE1B220" authorityName="Esselstyn et al., 2019:" authorityYear="1716" box="[516,636,1548,1572]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="49" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rhoditis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C0128E93E4D37F98FFDE1B220" box="[516,636,1548,1572]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="49">C. rhoditis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D0128E93E4FACF9ACFEC2B241" authorityName="Esselstyn & Achmadi & Handika & Swanson & Giarla & Rowe" authorityYear="2021" box="[159,351,1581,1605]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="49" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pseudorhoditis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C0128E93E4FACF9ACFEC2B241" box="[159,351,1581,1605]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="49">C. pseudorhoditis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in all dimensions except ear length, but similar in size to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D0128E93E4EE6F9CDFDA2B262" box="[469,575,1614,1638]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="49" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pallida">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C0128E93E4EE6F9CDFDA2B262" box="[469,575,1614,1638]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="49">C. pallida</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13181E8B0128E93E4D7DF9CCFF14B28C" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="40.[108,150,842,863]" captionTargetBox="[111,1207,230,816]" captionTargetId="graphics-658@40.[614,961,223,766]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIG. 19. Bivariate plots showing the first two principal components from analyses of 12 cranial variables in the Rhoditis Group. Panel A shows analysis of individuals sampled syntopically on Mt. Ambang (C. pseudorhoditis and C. rhoditis) and panel B shows individuals sampled across the island. Loadings and variance explained by component axes are presented in table 6." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5788869" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5788869/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="49">figs. 19</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13181E8B0128E93E4FA7F9F2FF2DB28C" box="[148,176,1648,1672]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="46.[683,724,1275,1296]" captionTargetId="graphics-247@46.[325,392,795,927]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="FIG. 23. Box plots summarizing head-and-body length, condyloincisive length, and braincase breadth measurements for members of the Rhoditis Group. Data from Crocidura rhoditis and C. pseudorhoditis are divided into two boxes. Dark gray boxes show all available measurements from across the species range while light gray boxes show only samples taken on Mt. Ambang, where the two species occur in syntopy. Note that the differences between these two species are greater on Mt. Ambang than they are for the islandwide sample. Plots show the median, 1st and 3rd quartiles, the maximum value within 1.5 × interquartile range (distance between 1st and 3rd quartiles; IQR), the minimum value within 1.5 × IQR, and outliers (black circles). Sample sizes are shown along the x-axis. All measurements in mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5789797" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5789797/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="49">23</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6A137B50128E93E4F89F9EDFE92B28C" box="[186,271,1647,1672]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="25.[610,690,226,250]" captionTargetBox="[119,1184,329,1682]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="TABLE 2 Descriptive Statisticsa for External Measurements (mm) and Mass (g) for Species of Sulawesi Crocidura" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF5C52860100E9164D51FF60FBE5B523" pageId="49" pageNumber="49" tableUuid="DF5C52860100E9164D51FF60FBE5B523">tables 2</tableCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6A137B50128E93E4E2AF9F2FEB4B28C" box="[281,297,1648,1672]" captionStart="TABLE 7" captionStartId="42.[610,690,226,250]" captionTargetBox="[119,1176,329,1110]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="TABLE 7 Descriptive Statisticsa for Craniodental Measurements (mm) for Species of the Rhoditis Group of Sulawesi Crocidura" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF5C52860133E9254D51FF60FB27B523" pageId="49" pageNumber="49" tableUuid="DF5C52860133E9254D51FF60FB27B523">7</tableCitation>
|
||
). In color,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D0128E93E4EAEF9F2FD8BB283" authorityName="Esselstyn & Achmadi & Handika & Swanson & Giarla & Rowe" authorityYear="2021" box="[413,534,1647,1671]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="49" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="australis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C0128E93E4EAEF9F2FD8BB283" box="[413,534,1647,1671]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="49">C. australis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is darker than all other members of the Rhoditis Group, particularly on the feet.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D0128E93E4E47F930FDD0B2CE" authorityName="Esselstyn & Achmadi & Handika & Swanson & Giarla & Rowe" authorityYear="2021" box="[372,589,1714,1738]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="49" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ordinaria">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C0128E93E4E47F930FDD0B2CE" box="[372,589,1714,1738]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="49">Crocidura ordinaria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D0128E93E4D9FFF60FC95B4FE" authorityName="Esselstyn & Achmadi & Handika & Swanson & Giarla & Rowe" authorityYear="2021" box="[684,776,226,250]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="49" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="solita">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C0128E93E4D9FFF60FC95B4FE" box="[684,776,226,250]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="49">C. solita</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
of the Ordinary Group are similar in color and only a little smaller, but their braincases are more rounded than in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D0128E93E4B3EFEA6FB1BB538" authorityName="Esselstyn & Achmadi & Handika & Swanson & Giarla & Rowe" authorityYear="2021" box="[1037,1158,292,316]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="49" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="australis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C0128E93E4B3EFEA6FB1BB538" box="[1037,1158,292,316]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="49">C. australis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The somewhat angular shape of the braincase, however, is nevertheless more rounded than in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D0128E93E4B97FEE4FCD6B59B" authorityName="Esselstyn & Achmadi & Handika & Swanson & Giarla & Rowe" authorityYear="2021" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="49" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pseudorhoditis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C0128E93E4B97FEE4FCD6B59B" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="49">C. pseudorhoditis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The great relative breadth of the braincase (BB/CIL) in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D0128E93E4C9AFE2AFBB9B5C4" authorityName="Esselstyn & Achmadi & Handika & Swanson & Giarla & Rowe" authorityYear="2021" box="[937,1060,424,448]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="49" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="australis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C0128E93E4C9AFE2AFBB9B5C4" box="[937,1060,424,448]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="49">C. australis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
distinguishes it from all other species except
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D0128E93E4B34FE4BFBF0B5E5" authorityName="Esselstyn & Achmadi & Handika & Swanson & Giarla & Rowe" authorityYear="2021" box="[1031,1133,457,481]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="49" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="baletei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C0128E93E4B34FE4BFBF0B5E5" box="[1031,1133,457,481]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="49">C. baletei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(much smaller and darker),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D0128E93E4CA8FE69FB8DB606" box="[923,1040,490,514]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="49" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="levicula">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C0128E93E4CA8FE69FB8DB606" box="[923,1040,490,514]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="49">C. levicula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(much smaller and darker),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D0128E93E4C76FD8EFC20B627" authorityName="Ruedi" authorityYear="1995" box="[837,957,524,547]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="49" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="musseri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C0128E93E4C76FD8EFC20B627" box="[837,957,524,547]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="49">C. musseri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(smaller and darker), and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D0128E93E4DD2FDAFFCF0B640" authorityName="Esselstyn & Achmadi & Handika & Swanson & Giarla & Rowe" authorityYear="2021" box="[737,877,556,580]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="49" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ordinaria">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C0128E93E4DD2FDAFFCF0B640" box="[737,877,556,580]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="49">C. ordinaria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(smaller). In comparison to other Rhoditis Group species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D0128E93E4B29FDCCFB00B661" authorityName="Esselstyn & Achmadi & Handika & Swanson & Giarla & Rowe" authorityYear="2021" box="[1050,1181,589,613]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="49" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="australis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C0128E93E4B29FDCCFB00B661" box="[1050,1181,589,613]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="49">C. australis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is substantially smaller in condyloincisive length and braincase breadth than the much larger skull of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D0128E93E4C23FD33FC17B6CC" authorityName="Esselstyn et al., 2019:" authorityYear="1716" box="[784,906,688,712]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="49" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rhoditis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C0128E93E4C23FD33FC17B6CC" box="[784,906,688,712]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="49">C. rhoditis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and the somewhat larger skull of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D0128E93E4C3AFD50FC54B6EE" authorityName="Esselstyn & Achmadi & Handika & Swanson & Giarla & Rowe" authorityYear="2021" box="[777,969,722,746]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="49" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pseudorhoditis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C0128E93E4C3AFD50FC54B6EE" box="[777,969,722,746]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="49">C. pseudorhoditis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13181E8B0128E93E4CE9FD50FBBBB6EE" box="[986,1062,722,746]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="40.[108,150,842,863]" captionTargetBox="[111,1207,230,816]" captionTargetId="graphics-658@40.[614,961,223,766]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIG. 19. Bivariate plots showing the first two principal components from analyses of 12 cranial variables in the Rhoditis Group. Panel A shows analysis of individuals sampled syntopically on Mt. Ambang (C. pseudorhoditis and C. rhoditis) and panel B shows individuals sampled across the island. Loadings and variance explained by component axes are presented in table 6." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5788869" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5788869/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="49">fig. 19</figureCitation>
|
||
). Condyloincisive length is somewhat smaller than in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D0128E93E4B97FD71FD64B728" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="49" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pallida">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C0128E93E4B97FD71FD64B728" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="49">C. pallida</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, although these two species are quite similar in head-and-body length. The interorbital region and labial breadth at M2 are also narrower than noted in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D0128E93E4CF2FCF5FBA8B78B" authorityName="Esselstyn et al., 2019:" authorityYear="1716" box="[961,1077,887,911]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="49" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rhoditis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C0128E93E4CF2FCF5FBA8B78B" box="[961,1077,887,911]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="49">C. rhoditis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
or
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D0128E93E4B52FCF5FC87B7B4" authorityName="Esselstyn & Achmadi & Handika & Swanson & Giarla & Rowe" authorityYear="2021" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="49" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pseudorhoditis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C0128E93E4B52FCF5FC87B7B4" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="49">C. pseudorhoditis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6A137B50128E93E4C1AFC1AFCE5B7B4" box="[809,888,920,944]" captionStart="TABLE 7" captionStartId="42.[610,690,226,250]" captionTargetBox="[119,1176,329,1110]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="TABLE 7 Descriptive Statisticsa for Craniodental Measurements (mm) for Species of the Rhoditis Group of Sulawesi Crocidura" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF5C52860133E9254D51FF60FB27B523" pageId="49" pageNumber="49" tableUuid="DF5C52860133E9254D51FF60FB27B523">table 7</tableCitation>
|
||
). Relative rostral length (RL/ CIL) in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D0128E93E4C3CFC3BFC0DB7D5" authorityName="Esselstyn & Achmadi & Handika & Swanson & Giarla & Rowe" authorityYear="2021" box="[783,912,953,977]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="49" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="australis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C0128E93E4C3CFC3BFC0DB7D5" box="[783,912,953,977]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="49">C. australis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is less than in any other member of the Rhoditis Group, though only slightly so compared to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D0128E93E4C88FC7EFBB8B017" box="[955,1061,1019,1043]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="49" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pallida">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C0128E93E4C88FC7EFBB8B017" box="[955,1061,1019,1043]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="49">C. pallida</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33951850128E93E4DFFFB9EFD63B118" pageId="49" pageNumber="49" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9C020E0128E93E4DFFFB9EFD63B118" blockId="49.[684,1213,226,1407]" pageId="49" pageNumber="49">
|
||
COMMENTS: Published references to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D0128E93E4B6FFB9FFD58B051" authorityName="Esselstyn et al., 2019:" authorityYear="1716" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="49" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rhoditis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C0128E93E4B6FFB9FFD58B051" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="49">C. rhoditis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the southwestern peninsula (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB27FFF0128E93E4B57FBBFFD7FB073" author="Musser, G. G." pageId="49" pageNumber="49" pagination="73 - 91" refId="ref59714" refString="Musser, G. G. 1987. The mammals of Sulawesi. In T. C. Whitmore (editor), Biogeographical evolution of the Malay archipelago: 73 - 91. Oxford: Clarendon Press." type="book chapter" year="1987">Musser, 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB27FFF0128E93E4DDEFBDCFCEDB072" author="Ruedi, M." box="[749,880,1118,1142]" pageId="49" pageNumber="49" pagination="211 - 265" refId="ref60758" refString="Ruedi, M. 1995. Taxonomic revision of shrews of the genus Crocidura from the Sunda Shelf and Sulawesi with description of two new species (Mammalia: Soricidae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 115: 211 - 265." type="journal article" year="1995">Ruedi, 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) probably refer to this species.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D0128E93E4D9FFBFDFCE0B093" authorityName="Esselstyn & Achmadi & Handika & Swanson & Giarla & Rowe" authorityYear="2021" box="[684,893,1151,1175]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="49" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="australis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C0128E93E4D9FFBFDFCE0B093" box="[684,893,1151,1175]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="49">Crocidura australis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was consistently inferred as sister to the clade containing
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D0128E93E4CDFFB23FBF2B0BC" authorityName="Esselstyn & Achmadi & Handika & Swanson & Giarla & Rowe" authorityYear="2021" box="[1004,1135,1184,1208]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="49" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ordinaria">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C0128E93E4CDFFB23FBF2B0BC" box="[1004,1135,1184,1208]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="49">C. ordinaria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D0128E93E4B96FB23FD7AB0DE" authorityName="Esselstyn & Achmadi & Handika & Swanson & Giarla & Rowe" authorityYear="2021" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="49" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="solita">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C0128E93E4B96FB23FD7AB0DE" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="49">C. solita</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
of the Ordinary Group with varying degrees of support (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13181E8B0128E93E4CB2FB61FC59B0FF" box="[897,964,1251,1275]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="17.[109,149,1509,1530]" captionTargetId="graphics-9@16.[133,929,224,1532]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIG. 4. Maximum-likelihood estimate of the gene tree of Sulawesi Crocidura derived from an alignment of 851 individuals and 1111 characters from the mitochondrial gene cytochrome b. Bootstrap support is shown along branches. Clades corresponding to species are collapsed for ease of presentation. Tips are labeled with the species name, the number of tips (T), and number of localities (L), as labeled in figure 1, and the maximum intraspecific (MI) Jukes-Cantor distance calculated from a reduced alignment. Two species are paraphyletic and their respective, within-clade MI values are shown separately. For species described by Miller and Hollister (1921), the holotype or paratypes are included for C. elongata, C. lea, and C. rhoditis. Branch lengths between C. nigripes and other taxa are shortened for presentation. See supplementary data S2 for the full tree." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5789143" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5789143/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="49">figs. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13181E8B0128E93E4CFDFB61FC41B0FF" box="[974,988,1251,1275]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="18.[108,150,1596,1617]" captionTargetBox="[111,1203,227,1567]" captionTargetId="graphics-32@18.[111,872,237,1559]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIG. 5. Maximum likelihood estimate of the mitochondrial gene tree derived from an analysis of 14,007 characters (representing protein-coding and rRNA genes) from 83 samples. Bootstrap support values <95 are shown at nodes. Tips are labeled with the species, locality, and voucher number." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5788845" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5788845/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="49">5</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13181E8B0128E93E4CDBFB61FC6AB0FE" box="[1000,1015,1251,1274]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="21.[108,149,1653,1674]" captionTargetBox="[209,1136,226,1678]" captionTargetId="graphics-38@20.[180,704,233,1669]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIG. 7. Estimated species tree from analysis of 3940 ultraconserved element loci in ASTRAL. Samples from Sulawesi are labeled with the species name, locality, and catalog number. Asterisks indicate type specimens from Miller and Hollister (1921). Local posterior probabilities <0.95 are shown. Tip branch lengths are arbitrary." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5789145" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5789145/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="49">7</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13181E8B0128E93E4B32FB61FB92B0FF" box="[1025,1039,1251,1275]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="23.[108,150,1639,1660]" captionTargetId="graphics-9@22.[124,845,235,1694]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIG. 8. Estimated phylogenetic relationships from a maximum likelihood analysis of 983 concatenated ultraconserved elements. Samples from Sulawesi are labeled with the species name, locality, and catalog number. Asterisks indicate type specimens from Miller and Hollister (1921). Ultrafast bootstrap values <95 are shown." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5789147" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5789147/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="49">8</figureCitation>
|
||
; supplementary data 6).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33951850128E93E4DFFFAA7FC29B17B" pageId="49" pageNumber="49" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9C020E0128E93E4DFFFAA7FC29B17B" blockId="49.[684,1213,226,1407]" pageId="49" pageNumber="49">
|
||
SPECIMENS EXAMINED:
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B4B08530128E93E4CDFFAA7FC29B17B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3421079351" collectionCode="MZB, NMV" location="Mt. Bawakaraeng" pageId="49" pageNumber="49" specimenCode="MZB 40991, 41027, 43003, NMV Z56801, NMV Z57200, NMV Z57223" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<location id="8EFC54D50128E93E4CDFFAA7FB26B139" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038AB3180129E93E4C33FD2CFC29B17B:8EFC54D50128E93E4CDFFAA7FB26B139" box="[1004,1211,1317,1341]" name="Mt. Bawakaraeng" pageId="49" pageNumber="49">Mt. Bawakaraeng</location>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB85AA750128E93E4D80FAC4FCAAB15A" box="[691,823,1350,1374]" pageId="49" pageNumber="49">MZB 40991</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB85AA750128E93E4C72FAC4FC19B15A" box="[833,900,1350,1374]" pageId="49" pageNumber="49">41027</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB85AA750128E93E4CBEFAC4FC4DB15A" box="[909,976,1350,1374]" pageId="49" pageNumber="49">43003</specimenCode>
|
||
;
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB85AA750128E93E4CE9FAC4FBEEB15A" box="[986,1139,1350,1374]" pageId="49" pageNumber="49">NMV Z56801</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB85AA750128E93E4B4EFAC4FC9DB17B" pageId="49" pageNumber="49">NMV Z57200</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB85AA750128E93E4C38FAE5FC34B17B" box="[779,937,1383,1407]" pageId="49" pageNumber="49">NMV Z57223</specimenCode>
|
||
).
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |